Evening Star Newspaper, July 19, 1933, Page 8

{ A8 - THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, JULY 19, 1933. . o ————— A R R R R T Ty — ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. STAR ‘ is to him and to his assistants that the e | Nation owes the present beauty of the | majestic cupola. Certainly the achievement of Sir | Christopher Wren, builder of the dome {of St. Paul's, London, was avallable to Editor | Serve as an example, and Walter may i have been in some debt to him. But The Evening Star Newspaper Company | Wren, too, had the advantage of a fore- Business\Ofice runner, Michelangelo, the great Tuscan 11th St and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St !who gave St. Peter's, Rome, its most hicago Office: Lake Michigan Buildin Firorean Ofice: 14 Regent St.. Londo n THE EVENING With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C WEDNESDAY July 1%, 1933 THEODORE W. NOYES. Rate by Carrier Within The Evening Star The Evening unday Star the City. | Caesars, ancient and modern. And per- 45¢ per month | haps Michelangelo was obligated to his 60c per month | predecessors, Bramante of Urbino and 65¢ per month | Brunelleschi of Florence, and they in| s SIAr e enid of et onty | turn to the builders of the Pantheon and av be sent in by mail or telephone | of St Sophia’s, Constantinople. The % cupola theme is very old, and many }hzuo been its architects down the ages. The dome over Washington is fortu- c ' nate i1 being placed on a natural ele- Lk | vation - having an ample park around All Other States and Canada. lits foundations. Many of its European : 1m0+ #1020 | contemporaries suffer from the lack of | these values. St. Peter's, for example, | it is said, is truly seen by only one per- | son in a million, so surrounded is it by {other structures. The same remark 't |might be made of St. Pauls, crowded Orders NAtional Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday....1yr.s1000 Daily onlv vr. $600 Sunday only .....11l1¥r. $400; 1mo.. 40 ed Pre vely en < of pub | compelling adornment, the dominating | | feature of the skyline of the city of the | e also reserved. ! g i & | The Halfway Mark. | effort for repeal of the eight- | ame| reached the | way mark. Arkansas and g their vo 5 to the six- | on record in favor | ion bv constitutional | ¢ while half the neces- | sary n tates have recorded | themselves in favor of repcal, the wet victory ith s, of course, far t than that. The frien bition themsely not logical- the impor! of the ac- o of the dryest of dry States, s of prohibition believe that nce of Alabama and Arkansas | h the remaining: impetus to wipe the eighteenth from the statute books, the present calendar The eenth nur Alal ma add teen State: of prol Iy discou tion by and the the infl will fur necessary amendment possibly within year With eight: States in favor of re- peal and seventeen States having set clection dates betwam: now and Novem- | ber 7, action by ofe more State Will make possible the ratification of the repeal mendment before January. And h dry bulwarks as Alabama 4 found melting a before the new wet sentiment for re- peal. this possibility becomes a strong probability. It is true that in some of the States the dry 1 are turning their efforts (o prevent any test of sen- timen s t hat thiere are con- stitutional questions that may be inject- ed—and have been already—concerning the validity of the course taken in some States for choice of delegates to the rat- ifying conventions. But these are ta that in the light of action by Ala- Arkansas appear more than ever as futile steps toward a goal that would ai b represent merely tem- porary delay It is not known what part of the success of the repealists has been due to the efforts of the administration | to expedite State action. It is reason- able to believe that with a victory-. flushed party machine functioning everywhere and linking repeal with Joyalty to the party and the President, the repeal movement has been tremen- dously aided. Added to this has been the economic situation. which has been cleverly translated into apt compari- sons between the revenues enjoyed by the bootlegger and the revenues sadly Jacking to & Government that by Herculean efforts is trying to balance jts budget. But it is probable that the simplest explanation of the racing tide in favor of repeal is that the great middle class of voters, who are in the habit of following the leaders, have | swapped leadership. The psychological | effect of eighteen consecutive victories in favor of repeal, with the battlefields ! ranging from Rhode Island to Iowa to Arkansas, is a great force. | As one of the dry leaders has said, after the vote on repeal there are left the State prohibition laws. The dry forces will put forth their remaining strength, after the States have spoken on constitutional prohibition, to keep‘ these laws as intact as possible on the State statute books. It is not too early for the forces directing the repeal 10 give as much thought to the Sla!el Jaws as the drys are giving them. II; one-half the Democratic piedge, which, the party chieftains are now seeking to carry out, was for Tepeal of the cighteenth amendment, the equally | important other half was for the pre- vention of the return of the saloon When the eighteenth amendment is re- pealed, the fight of all who favor tem- perance—and these include repealists— must immediately be dirccted against the common enemy that originally led | to adoption of the eighteenth amend- In the race to repeal the eight-| when such b, and Arka ar ead ama ment eenth amendment underemphasize the nature of the con- ditions that produced it. et Aviation circles the world so swiftly | that it may in its mood of exhilaration attempt to realize in seriousness the promise of Puck to put & girdle “round the earth in forty minutes.” v————— it will be fatal to| The Dome Through the Haze. There are occasions when, haze-en- | ehrouded, the dome of the Capitol ap- pears as a dark silhouette against the The effect is fascinating. | itself for the time, the all aspiring form; its reach castern Colorless structure is is increased, its elevation intensified. It seems higher than it really is, a made-to-order mountain of peetical proportions. So it was this morning at the hour when thousands on their| way to work had the privilege of seeing it. The architect who dreamed the building’s crown must have been a man of inspired genius. Probably any other individual, trained in the formulas of architecture, might have visioned an ordinary dome, an ordinary cap for the vast rotunda of the edifice. But to| conceive the dome as it is, as the people know it today, was to express a special | development of the spirit. It would have been so easy to spoil the nobility of the design. The harmony of it is 8! matter of inches. The artist gesponsi- ble for it had to feel its music ani understand how that melody could be | translated into mathematics. Before & single stone was laid or a single ounce | of fron framework raised the whole plan had to be ccmpleted in detailed | in | half a million additional workers in | the industries which it surveys care- | ators must guard against. Efforts to perfectten. But the gifts of Thomas U WZlter wers eonel to the dewmand. It upon by all the architectural turmoil of the City. All things consideved, it is possible tlhat the Capitol dome is the finest spectacle of its kind in "= world. It is appreciated by the peor =, to wim it symbolizes the charactz: of a fr >, a| just but nevertheless a substantial Gov- | ernment. e = for the people of the United States to purchase the products which the in- idusmzs turn out, and upon which the | people themselves do the work. With- "out a pgreatly increased purchasing | power, the production of goods in this | country becomes an idle, a dangerous ' thing. Great strides are being made toward re-employment. Even in the season which usually shows a slackening of industry the rise is going forward. But it must be remembered that the rise is from the lowest point in the history io( industry in this country, and that | there is a huge unemployment still ex- tant. The industrialists have, it ap- | pears, ceased for the moment asking (each other what is going to happen. | They have begun to make things hap- pen. The country apparently has cour- age again. The rebuilding has begun.| But the structure must be soundly made; it must stand on a solid founda- tion. And that foundation, so far as | industry is concerned, is the ability of the American people to buy its output. Here is the great market for American ‘produce of all kinds. There must be | developed an ability to consume produc- |tion, mass production. That can be | done only by the development of mass distribution; a distribution of earnings to the mass. o Walter I. LicCoy. In the death of Walter I. McCoy, former chief justice of the District Su- preme Court, which occurred yesterday | at Cambridge, Mass., Washington loses Steersmanship. A so-called “super cabinet” in Wash- ington, and now & “super-steering com- mittee’ in London! The latter is the latest device invented for keeping the | breath of life in the now almost mori- ( bund Econcmic Conference, drifting | listlessly to its end, or at least to the end of its first phase. i Present plans call for a “recess” to set in on July 27. There is no earthly | reason why the agony should be pro- | longed even that long, but Prime Min- | | ister MacDonald has Parliament on his hands until then, and, as sponsor-in | chief for the futility that will pass into history as the London Conference, he; desires that its life be spared for the | period that Parliament is still sitting. | The prime minister conceives some vague political advantage for his majes- ty's government in having the foreign delegates ostensibly at work until Lords and Commons begin packing their | hunting kits for the “iminortal twelfth” | (of August) when the grouse season begins. When Mr. MacDonald was in Washington in April, he warned Presi- dent Roosevelt that no international confererce or politics of any kind could divert British thoughts from the grouse | moors as August approached. Those two principal conference die- | hards, Mr. MacDonald and our own Secretary Hull, in whose respective lexi- cons there is apparently no such word | as failure, have agreed to ask the con- | ference to establish a “super-steering committee” of experts who are to func- | tion at London until such time as the | conference decides to reassemble, two, | three or more months after next week's adjournment. The business of the committee will be to keep the confer- | ence’s past linked up with its future; | to preserve for coming agenda purposes | those objectives to which general assent was accorded in London—neither a very long nor a very impressive lot—and. gen- | erally, in the Washington vernacular of | the moment, to serve as a co-ordinating | agency between the three score and | more conference powers. ‘There is indeed need of some “super- steersmanship” either by a committee like the one now in prospect or by world statemanship, if the high hopes | amid which the shipwrecked London Conference assembled are ever to be realized. or even approximated. A “steering” committee suggests a com- | pass and helmsmen who know how to chart a navigable course by it. Common honesty requires it to be said that such steersmanship as marked both the preparation for and conduct of the London Conference proved to be the quintessence of ineptitude. The | helmsmen who essayed to navigate that | ship rain it straight upon the rocks.| There must be a more reliable compass | and saner hands at the wheel next Fall | or Winter if the world economic and | monetary craft is not again to go to smash on reefs which its officers and | crew lack the wit and foresight to cir- | cumvent. SO Uncle Sam is doing his utmost to | interest himself in European affairs | without going far enough to be su: pected of “carpet bagging. e Essential Improvement. The Bureau of Labor Statistics in the Department of Labor has reported that fully were added to pay rolls during the month of June and that a 7 per cent increase in employment and a 10.8 per cent rise in pay rolls in manu- facturing establishments had been de- veloped. For the first time since Oc- tober, 1929, there has been an increase in employment in manufacturing es- tablishments over the number employed in the corresponding month of the pre- ceding vear. Here at last seems to be very definite assurance that employment is on the up-grade indeed. The Secretary of Labor, Miss Per- kins, discussing the report of the Bu- reau of Labor Statistics, took occasion | to point out that the stepping up of production still threatens to outpace increases in empioyment and in pay rolls. Therein lies the danger to re- covery on a permanent scale. For it is clear that & surplus of manufactured and other products which cannot be purchased for lack of buying power on the part of the general public will only bring a recurrence of industrial and business depression. It is that danger which the industries of the country and their owners and oper- reap immediate and large gains from cheaply produced goods—manufactured or produced before the codes of fair competition under the recovery act can become operative—are foolish and cal- culated in the end to kill the goos that lays the golden egg. The big investment which industry mu t make today is not in plant equip- ment and enlarged plants, not in sur- pluses laid ap for owners nor in bonuses for executives. The big investment must be made in pay rolls. It is an invest- (know him intimately and respected by IOn me it seems behoovin' one of its most highly respected and valued citizens. He came to the Capital in 1911 as a member of the House of Representatives from New Jersey and served for two térms. In 1914 he was appointed an associate justice of the District court, where his intimate knowl- edge of the law and his exceptional judicial qualifications enabled him to render valuable service. Upon the res- ignation of Chief Justice Covington that | post was assigned to Justice McCoy. He | did much to improve the rules of practice of the court. He was a stern ldmln-‘ istrator of justice to those gulity of serious crimes and merciful to those| who deserved consideration and a| chance for reformation. Deeply inter- ested in Americanization work, he de- voted much time and energy to the development of a high standard of cltl-i zenship on the part of the newcomers | to America. His health declined, and | he was compelled to seek retirement upon attaining the statutory age in 1929 | and since then he has resided here! among the many friends he had made | during his nearly twenty years of ‘Washington residence. A man of the highest character and of the soundest views of public questions, he was be- | loved by those who were privileged to i | all who were aware of his valuable con- | tributions to the public welfare. His| death causes deep sorrow and a sense of great loss, despite the fact that the failure of his health had required his! seclusion from active affairs for sev- eral vears. He was a notable instance of a man coming to Washington from the States to participate in the busi- | ness of the Nation and identifying him- self with the local community for its' advancement. ———— There is in human nature a pride in workmanship that will necessarily make shorter hours less appealing than increase of wages. N SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Important Announcement. I don't pretend to know a heap ‘Bout what they call finance. That kind o' figurin’ is too deep Fur me to take a chance. But none the less I must confess To say right out In language stout, Conditions Is Improvin'. The brook goes laughin’ on its way, Where once the ice restrained it; The birds that now sing out so gay Once silently disdained it. And clouds so drear That hovered near Their shadows are removin’; An’ 80 I state With pleasure great, Conditions Is Improvin'. Breaking a Wisdom Monopoly. “I'm afraid the country suffered a great loss when they failed to send our eloquent and able friend back to Con- gress.” “Not at all,” replied Senator Sorghum. “The sense of the plain people again prevailed. Why should the lecture plat- | forms be robbed that the brainy men | may be assembled to listen to one an- | other, where instruction is superflous?” The Difficulty. “There’s always room at the top,” said the man who speaks sagaciously. “Yes,” replied Broncho Bob; “but the trouble is that in a lot o’ games the best cards is at the bottom of the pack.” Other Dangers. They bid us pause and think again As flerce complaints increase— ‘These perils which surround us when We're on the verge of peace. Embarrassed. “I was really very much worried about Henrietta while we were at the sea- +shore,” said Mr. Meekton confidentially to his sister-in-law. “She would insist on swimming a good way out.” “Well, you are perfectly at home in the water. You could have saved her.” “Yes. But it would have taken the rest of my life to convince her that I |didn’t do it merely to show off and humiliate her.” Mistaken Encouragement. “I told a friend of mine to sing in- stead of brooding over his troubles.” “Good advice!” “I don't think so. Every time he gets |a little bit worried now everybody in the building has to suffer!” Worth It. Some slight sense of regret and remind- ers of debt Give his face an expression of care; But his sorrow all sinks and he smiles when he thinks Of the great time he had at the falr. “Some men goes ahead,” sald Uncle en, “actin’ as foolish as if dey had to ment which will pay industry many times over. For it will make it possibl> Fut in deir whole lives payin’ freak elec: tion beta” % % | nials, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. This is & time of the year in the home garden when things just seem to | be going along. Nothing much hap- pens. There is a stagnation of mind and spirit to some extent. It is now that theoretical interest in gardening produces its best fruits. They | will carry the gardener through a pe- riod which might be very dull without them. The first flush of Spring long ago vanished; the dullest weeks of the gar- dening year, in some aspects, are at hand; the first flashes of Autumn seem far away. Now is the time when the home gar- dener without theory wilts in the sun. He may have started out well enough, but he is all for sitting on the porch, now that growth is well under way. He permits the beds to get full of weeds | and grass borders to become unkempt. * x % * Yet there is a great deal going on in the well ordered yard at thls“;,lnfe. Whatever may be true of mankind, there is no standing still in Nature. She moves forward all the time, with three great periods, Spring, Summer and Autumn, as far ‘as flowers in the outdoors are concerned. ‘The present period, although striking the observer as somewhat of a stagna- tion, is a very busy one, after all, out there with the flowers. Many of the lilies, such as Speclosum | and the tigers, are yet to bloom. They are almost ready, but have yet to un- fold, at least in many gardens. While time of bloom is partly dependent upon the amount of sum. in the main the major groups of flowers bloom within certain time limits, however situated. * o o ox Annuals are getting into their stride. In sunny gardens most of them are now coming into their fullest bloom, while in shady places such things as zinnias, marigolds, petunias and the like are just beginning to put out their fresh flowers. The adaptability of the annuals is what makes them so universally useful. Often one will hear, in garden talk, the most sneering references to these flowers, but mostly such strictures are based upon a very human falling, a lack of sympathy. | It is possible to lack sympathy with plants as well as with human beings. * % ox ok And lack of sympathy for a plant, as well as for a human being, often cuts one off from something pleasing and beautiful. There are some home gardeners so foolish in this regard that they believe that the annuals are not exactly stylish enough for them. The penalty for this way of think-| ing. of course, is simply the loss of many a beautiful creation of Nature, Fortunately this is an extreme view- point; most home owners properly value tii> ranuals, along with the perennial plants, and see that their own yards, no matter how small, have some of both kinds. | * x x % ‘There is a beautiful estate not far from Washington in which one fine effect is secured by planting annuals along both sides of a path of rough stepping stones. The irregular blocks are placed rather far apart, and to one side is sweet alyssum and to the other asters and gaillardia. The effect is as nice as one could desire, and the planting is practically carefree, almost as much so as peren because the flowers ‘self-sow themselves every Autumn and come up of their own free will the next Spring. Such flowers as zinnias and marigolds have been “improved,” as the plants- men call it, of recent years; there are more delicate colors, and various sizes and types. For instance, the zinnia, in some varieties, is almost a delicate flow er. The smaller types, in particule de- | tween plants. serve to be known more widely. As cut flowers for interior decoration nothing is better. The depth of Summer now at hand tends to cause the typical annuals to branch out, and to become more bushy, always the desire of the flower gar- dener. This always occurs in full sun, where annuals mostly de best, but they will require some pinching off of buds under trees and in shady places in general. The tendency of annuals, in shade, is to grow tall. We have seen zinnia plants more than 6 feet tall, which had to be held aloft by staking. in order to prevent the wind of some thunderstorm from blowing them down. Annuals which grow so tall are not doing their best, in a sense. Their character is better displayed horizon- tally, not vertically. When too tall growing they become scraggly and show too much stem. * X x % No doubt this height is caused by the effort of the plant intelligence to reach the light. It thinks that by con- tinuing its upward journey it may yet reach the full measure of light its tis- sues crave. Under such circumstances it is a wonder ghat our favorite anaual flow- ers do as well as they commonly do. ‘They will bloom well enough, how- ever, to make them desirable even in considerable shade. No one who has a fondness for these old favorites should |give them up because of “too much shade.” A liltle sun will do wonders, but the grower must not expect prize specimens. ‘With care he may secure good flowers close together. *or oo Many home gardeners come to the conclusion, after a while, that they have swallowed the admonitions of the experts too literally. These experts continually advise that plants be thinned out to siand so many inches apart. No doubt this is correct, under the best conditions, but often enough the home owner is not able to provide ideal growing conditions. The situation of & house may shade A certain part of the yard a large part of the day, so that annuals grown at | that point will not be prize specimens, by any means, but will make accept- able plants, after all If the 1¢ follg too fetly, | et e Iofowed i |thy Dix to the wife: If her husband there will be too much spacing be- Common sense must rule here, as elsewhere. as good a place to use common sense as any place else. * X x ox By keeping annual plants closer to- logues advise, the grower is able to | cover up some of the defects of stalk and leaf. The plants will blend, and give a much better effect, when planted close than when placed too far apart Growth under poor conditions will |not be all that one could desire, any- way, so it will be just as well to per- mit a number of plants to mingle their leaves. This, after all, is what is done .n the famous old round beds of the country towns. Such beds, crammed A garden s I o ndeense | the hat and walk out on him. Bread- | | | | | I | | with petunias or the like, gave an im- | pression of great flowers, whereas if each plant had been examined by it- self it would have been revealed as far_from ideal. The Summer garden is bright now with gladioli, despite the universal in- roads of thrips, tiny insects which of | gether than the books and the cata- | il the new deal, perhal What Hubbie Might Do if Wifie Works To the Editor of The Star: The National Woman's Party—bless their militant souls—seems to be much ruffied by the dismissal of married women in Government offices. They ignore the fact that women have a choice and do® not have to resign— they may persuade their husbands to do the resigning. ‘When that day comes I hope friend husband will realize it is up to him to stay young and attractive. Bargain hunting for pretty clothes may be a headache, but it is very important. And he must never grow careless about make-up and the latest style per- manents, nor wear run-down heels. Remember, it may be all his fault if wifie tumbles from the family doorstep. I hope he may understand he has the responsibility, the necessity and the privilege of running the house, dressing himself and the children handsomely, and keeping all bills within the limits of his wife’s salary—or such part of it as she may have left after a night with her poker friends. He must always | have the house in order and dinner | ready to serve the minute she gets home, and be at the door to greet her with a cordial Hollywood kiss. And if she should come home late, never, never ask where has she been! Prob- ably she would not care to tell and it might cause a blue-streakish cloud to | drift across the domestic horizon if and wher: she told him it was none of his business. And he must always keep | the children silent throughout the din- | ner hour just to prove how seriously | they take their Emily Post. Otherwise she may tell him he doesn't know a | thing about “bringing up” children. | But, even if all this should happen, he must keep right on smiling. Friend husband may have read about | | on plants that will not look too attenu- | the_cotton spinners’ six-hour day and (ated if he takes care to plant them five-day week, but as his life is to be | forever more a labor of love he will not mind spending 16 hours of each 24 wrestling with household worries, boti | domestic and financial, and quieting | the children, the aog, the phone and the doorbell at frequent intervals. And | if he should have a leisure afternoon | for contract foursomes now and then, he must pever be weary or frazzled | when friend wife returns, but should be beautiully rested and ready to dash | Off to & movie, lat"r showing up at the | country club dance. ! The ‘wife, t00, may have adjustments | to make. She ‘may find it difficult to overcome the habit of going through hubby's pockets—and wouldn't it be interesting to be around when she asks | for an jtemized account of that last two-bits she gave him? Now a Doro- is the kind who insists on telling wifie everything, she should worry—ust grab | winners have always been independent like that. . Should there be other complications gs the riddle of how to be happy though married could best be solved by referring it to some courageous group who would present it to our most high arbiters, calling their | attention to the fact that the oldest and largest basic institution in the world is as yet unorganized, unregu- lated and uncoded. M. M. HOWERTH. R Henlll; Hint for Ball i Players and Others To the Egitor of The Btar Hardly believable is the report that one of Washington's leading pitchers 1s incapacitated by chronic st h troutle and that many players suffer likewise. If, as the sports writer stated. | recent years have made the growing of | the only reason seems to be that ball these flowers anything but the pleasant p-;ume it used to be. t gredient apparently is giving results with this pest. The sweet lures the in- .sects, it is said, when nothing else will. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. When President Roosevelt welcomes | Gen. Italo Balbo at the White House tomorrow, he will shake hands with the | man who may one day wear Benito Mussolini's crown as dictator chief of the Italian state. The gallant air marshal from the outset has been one | of the pillers of the Fascist movementy He joined it at its very inception and | was among the “Quadrumvirs” who led the famous march on Rome which ended in Mussolini’s domination of Italy 11 years ago. Later Gen. Balbo became a trusted lieutenant in Il Duce's relentless campaign to bend the nation to the Fascist will. Gen. Balbo was also in the group of first Fascist dep- | uties, and in his brilliant career has/ been. successively, commanding general | of the Fascist militia, undersecretary | !for national economy, undersecretary | for aeronautics. and finally air marshal | and minister of aeronautics. Born at| Quartesana 37 years ago. he is, like most of the leaders of modern Italy, | still a young man. His university | studies qualified him for a degree which | corresponds to our bachelor of science. | He served in the crack corps of the Alpini during the World War and achieved a distinguished fighting record. | After the war Balbo, like Mussolini, was | a professional newspaper man. | * % x * Pleasingly bluff, forceful and ener- getic, Gen. Balbo has remained one of Mussolini’s right-hand men from the beginning, except for a brief period when his Fascist enthusiasm led him into actions which were not approved by the chief. The bearded lion of the air has captured the imagination and affection of the Italian public as few of Mussolini’s subordinates have suc- ceeded in doing. and is often mentioned | as a logical heir to the great Benito should unforeseen circumstances put an untimely end to the reign of the present dictator. Many Italians think Musso- lini’s plans for his successorship are well defined, and though they remain the premier's own secret. Balbo is widely associated with it. He is bound to command even more honorable men- ' tion and speculation in light of the | imperishable glory his transatlantic air | exploit has just brought to the Italian name. * Kok ¥ President Roosevelt was warned as long ago as the middle of April that the London Economic Conference would curl up and fade away about this time. Itstemporary—many think. really its eé)el'rmment, demise—has now been fixed for July 27, when Parliament “rises.” It was Prime Minister Mac- Donald who tipped the President about a Midsummer wind-up of the confer- ence. “Every Englishman gets ready to go grouse shooting on August 12.” he said, “and everybody on the Continent is immersed in his annual ‘cure’ at some spa.” Under such circumstances, Mac- Donald explained. it would be impos- sible to do any political business in Eu- rope. * Kk k For a time, a couple of weeks ago, it looked as if Secretary of State Cordell Hull might return from London with diminished political prestige here at home, and, perhaps impelled by dictates of self-respect, some of his friends feared, resign from the cabinet. That was the situation when Prof. Moley was dispatched to London supposedly to become “head man” of the American delegation, in fact, if not in rank. Since then the tide has turned very markedly in Judge Hull's direction. His earnest and successful fight against pre- mature adjournment of the conference had the effect of immediately restoring his status both in London and Wash- ington. Prof. Moley took with him to London 2 memorandum in which Pres- ident Roosevelt ref..red to his Secre- tary of State as “that great American, Cordell Hull.” It is now assured that the premier of the cabinet will be wel- comed at the White House on his re- turn from London next month in un- alioyed fevor. With 45 and 40 hour week working schedules daily being coded into prac- tice throughout the industrial world, Vashingtonians are wondering whether it will occur to anybody to codify and shorten the heavy working week which any God’s quantity of persons in the Capital, from the President down, is now putting in. Organized labor wants a 30-hour week for workers. It is a safe guess that in the White House and in most of the Government depart- ments at this time, a 60 or 70 hour week is the rule, rather than the ex- ception. No Federal officia] importantly identified with the recovery program can possibly absolve even his routine tasks during the ordinary business day. Many who arrive at their desks at 8 a.m., and do not leave until 6 p.m., find it impossible even with such a grueling schedule to call it a day, and in conse- quence take home with them, generally, enough work to keep them busy until far into the night. Sundays find any number of these strenuous souls on their Jobs as zealously as week days. Going out evenings for rocial purposes is ta- booed among tl:em a*lmust universally. * % x People who drive thro Annapolis these days notice that tuh‘eh front gfim of the executive mansion, which Albert C. Ritchie has innabited so many years, is filled with so-called “honey-pots” for | the catching of lawn-destroying beetles. The prediction is made that the Governor will probably be as successful in catch- ing beetles with honey as he is in catch- ing votes every time the Adonis-like Democrat asks the Maryland Free Stat- ers to return him to Annapolis. * ¥ * % Up in President Roosevelt's old home | town of Albany, N. Y. they haven't waited for him to recognize the Soviet | Russian government judicially, but have Just done so through the State Court of Appeals. In a decision handed down by Justice Cuthbert Pound, the transfer of $30,000,000 of ofl land grants to the Standard and Vacuum Oil Companies of the United States was formally up- held in a striking decree. Seventeen other oil companies contended that the Soviet had confiscated their property and illegally sold it to the American corporations. Justice Pound said: “As a juristic conception, what is Soviet Russia? A band of robbers or a gov- ernment? We all know it is a gov- ernment. The State Department knows it, the courts, the nations and _the man on the street all know it. If it is a government in fact, its decrees have force within its borders and over its nationals.” * ok x % President Roosevelt's terse little radio address to the 300,000 men in Civilian Conservation camps Monday night did not allude to the privileged pension status they enjoy over even high com- missioned officers in the armed forces of the Republic. In a Senate debate on the Conservation Corps just before adjournment, Senator Reed, Repub- lican, of Pennsylvania, brought out that the widow of a brigadiér general in the Army is paid a pension of $15 a month, under executive order recently promul- gated. while the widow of a Conserva- tion Corps recruit is paid $45 a month if he is killed in one of the camps. Also, Reed explained, the widow of the lowest-paid man would get $30 a month under the compensation law. Even dependent widowers of women employed in the reforestation camps are on a correspondingly favored pension basis. * ok ok ok A gentleman from the Eastern “Sho” of Maryland called at the Department of Justice the other day with no pre- conception of the physical proportions T oo imprepared, B taled st length 80 unpre 5 ! .’s chief secretarial as- sistant, Ugo J. A. Carusl. The visitor asked many questions about the work- ings of the department, and felicitated himself upon the zestful pleasure de- rived from his supposed social contact with the chief. He assured the young | is said that a spray of dilute thing about it? molasses combined with a poison in- | worla is 3 players eat everything, everywhere. cannot managers or trainers do any- PFood from all the vailable in any large city. and refrigerators can be carried on trains. ‘Gas means indigestion: indigestion is caused by worry and all sorts of ex- ternal discomforts, from hangnail to death in the family, as well as by bad food. Hard work on a full stomach is always dangerous, and pitching is no exception. Most people eat too much too often, and without discrimination. | No living man can tell what hurts him | if he eats an eight-course dinner com- | posed of 21 kinds of food, but any | simpleton can tell whether half a dozen bananas hurt him if he eats nothing else for six hours either side. Twenty-one foods, raw or cooked sim- ply, can be eaten separately at 21 meals in a week, for experiment. Potomac River water, all doped up with chemicals, is no aid to digestion, even if it is bacteriologically safe. Im- pure, although safe, drinking water causes much digestive trouble, but gets little attention from health experts, and | practically none from orthodox physi- cians. Distilled water should be used by every sufferer; it is easy to obtain, pure rain water from a clean roof being | a fair substitute. If distilled water tastes bad, most likely the taste is in| the mouth of the user, not the fault of the water, and serves as additional warning of ill health. Users of tea, coffee and tobacco can- not be certain of complete health. and excess is sure to be harmful. There | are any number of personal habits to| be investigated before any case is to be considered hopeless. Finally, booze is not the best conditioner, even if there is something to be said for its psy- chological effect, in minute. medicinal doses. ‘W. C. DUNCAN. Proposes Armament As a Cure for Crime To the Editor of The Star. Much has been said, but little has been | done, about “disarming the gangster.” The very nature of such an attempt renders it impossible of accomplish- ment. As long as guns are manu- factured or are in existence the crooks | who need them in their nefarious en- | terprises will never lack these vital tools, even though they could be ob-| tained only by thefts from those who! have a right to possess them. It might | be possible to deprive them of machine guns, but it stands to reason that rifles, shotguns, revolvers and automatic pis- tols can never be eliminated from their arsenals. As counter proposition, I suggest legalized and encouraged gun-toting by every man and woman who can estab- | lish, to the satisfaction of the authori- ties, that he is and has been a law- abiding citizen. Establish practice ranges with competent coaches, under police supervision, for those who wish to be- come proficient and give them every possible legal encouragement to use their weapons effectively in emergencies. I venture to predict that when the gangsters have learned that most of their intended victims are armed, and after they have had to “shoot it out” a few times, they will either give up vio- lent crime as a means of livelihood or be exterminated. D. E. CONWELL. | secretary that he would go back home and tell his neighbors and friends with pride of his long and cheerful chat with the head of the Nation's big law office. Mr. Carusi, who all the while had been innocently posing as Homer Cummings, happens to look about as much like the Attorney General as Col. Louis McHenry Howe resembles Clark Gable. But the Eastern “Sho” man departed happy in the belief he had contacted the head of the department, while Mr. Carusi was all puffed up because he had been mistaken for his distinguished chief. Cummings ohuckled when he learned of the incident and nobody's feelings were hurt. * k¥ X Senator Morris Sheppard is back in Washington hard at work on six anti- repeal speeches he intends to deliver in his native Texas prior to the State- wide vote on August 26, Though Texas appears ready to join the cavalcade of other States rat! the repeal amend- ment, the daddy of prohibition is un- afrald. Instead, he is assembling his facts in his cool, methodical way and will speak with the same conviction that has marked his l-ng advocacy of the dying dry cause. (Copyright, 1033.) ‘This is a special department devoted solely to the handling of queries. This paper puts at your disposal the services of an ex ngton to serve you in any capacity that relates to information. This serv- ice is free. Pailure to make use of it deprives you of benefits to which you are entitled. Your obligaticn is only 3 cents in coin or stamps inclosed with your inquiry for direct reply. Do not use cards. Address The Evening Star Information Bureeu, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D, C. Q. How large is the Zeppelin dock at Akron, Ohlo?—L. P. W. A. Tt is 1,175 feet long, 325 feet wide and 211 feet high, the largest structure in the world without Internal support. Q. How many deaths were there in 1932 due to highway grade cross- ?—C. T. A. There were 1525 such fatalities. This was a reduction of 41 per cent since 1928. Q. When are extra harvest hands em- ployed in the Mississippi Valley?—H. M. A. Wheat harvesting starts in Texas in June, moves northward as the sea- son advances and continues in the ex- treme Northern States into September. This is followed by threshing, corn | husking, potato and apple picking, etc.; which afferd prolonged employment to seasonal farm laborers. Q. Are pardons often granted to prisoners who are serving life terms?— J. H. A. Warden Lawes says that this sel- dom happens. In seven years of his service at Sing Sing only one commu- tation was granted to a li%er, and this nfan had been in prison cver 19 years. Q. What is the line c: sun. moon and earth are in a straight line?—T. 8. A. It is called the line of syzygies. Q. What kind of grapes are used in making sherry and port wine?—J. C. H A. Sherry is the most dislinc: Spanish of all wines made in Spain. It is made from grapes grown in a district of which Jerez is the center. Sherry is made from several varieties of white grapes grown in the Province of Anda- lusia. Port is a wine made from grapes grown in the valley of the Douro, forti- fied at the time of the vintage and shipped from Oporto. By virtuz of the Anglo-Pertuguese treaties of 1911 and 1916, no other wine can legally be called port. Q. Is it nccessary to dry milk cans?— C Bacteria increase much more rap- on wet cans. The cans should be idl t am sterilized and dried. Q. What was the name of the capital of the fabulous El Dorado?—B. F. A. Manoa was the capital, and it was said that the roofs of thé houses were made of gold. Q. Is there a rule that a soldier can not join the Navy?>—N. W. A. There are no regulations to the effect that soldiers cannot join the Navy after their term is completed in the Army, or vice iersa. Q. Is it true that a fine wire can be passed through a cake of ice, leaving the ice in one solid block?—N. N. A. The melting of ice by means of pressure is a well known laboratory experiment. It is true that if a fine wire carrying a weight be passed over a block of ice, the ice just below the wire is melted by the pressure and the water thus formed passing above the wire freezes again on being released Thus, in a short time the wire cuts its way through the ice, leaving the block as solid as before. Q. Who completed the George F. Baker Memorial which was unfinished at the tfme of Saint Gaudens’ death?— tensive organization in Wash- | T. F. S. A. Elsie Hering, pupil and sssistant to Saint Gaudens, completed the me- morial. Mrs. Hering did the entire work of the angel figures. Q. Please give 10-year figures on rye production.—M. D. W. A. The 1932 crop of rye in the United States totaled 39,855,000 bushels. The 10-year average 1923-1932 is 42,658,000 bushels. The visible supply on June 24, 1933, was 10,386,000 bushels. During the | 1ast 15 years the highest average price per bushel was $2.95 for March, 1918: the lowest average was 30 cents per | bushel for November, 1932, and the aver- | age for the 15-year pericd was $1.12 per bushel. Q. From what language word “nadir” come?—R. F. | 'A.It is an Arabic word. sgnifying | that point in the heavens dircctly op- | posite to the zenith. Figuratitely, the | lowest depths of degradation | dces the w Q. When was the Colosseum in Rcme built? How large was it>— D. W. IT | A. It was begun by Vespasian on_tie | site of part of Nero's famou !den House, and inaugurated by Tut ;5 .n |AD. 80. It consisted originzlly of three arcaded stories of stone and an upper gallery, originally of wood, which f,Was rebuilt of stone in the present fuiin {§ometime in the third century. The olosseum probably seated between 40.- and 50.000 people. It is elliptical in , with its long axis 615 feet and it axis 510 feet; its arena, 281 fect nd 177 feet wide. Its total height top of the third century stone wall is about 160 feet. Q. Dié George Washington believe that a Navy was necessary to protect a nation’s commerce’—G. L. A. President Washington in_his an- nual message in December, 1796, said in part: “To sn active external com- merce the protXtion of a naval force is indispensable—{he most sincere neu- trality is not a su¥icient guard agains the depredations ofynations at war. To secure respect to a rutral flag requires |a naval force, organi: and ready to vindicate it from insul\ or aggression This may even prevent the nacessit: of going to war, by discouraging bei- | ligerent powers from committing such violations of the rights of the neutrai party as may, first or last, leave no other option.” | Q When and where did John L. Sullivan die?—P. J. A. He died at Abington, Mass., Peb- ruary 2, 1918. Q. What is the tion in this count EC A. The absolute maximum record i that at Seguin. Me., with 2.734 hours in 1907, equivalent to about 30 per eent of the entire year. Why isn't modern stained glass as lovely as that of centuries ago? =y A pl | sh lon; Ito t screen) ‘There has been much difficulty eproducing the stained glass of the le Ages because age mellows and improves such glass. The surface be- com disintegrated partly, the soft particles are dissolved away by water. and glass in such a condition refracts the light in a way that adds greatly to its effect. Q. Which city has the larger popu- laticn. Sydney or Melbourne, Austraiia? —T. AR A. Sydney has more inhabitants. It has a_population of about 1.101.200, while Melbourne has about 873,200 Q. TIs backgammon & comparative’ new game?—S. G A On the contrary, the game w: known as early as 3000 B.C. ‘Better Times Seen as Cure For Depression in Marriage Latest reports from the Census Bu- reau, showing a decline in bcth mar- riage and divorce, suggest to the public the relation of these records wo the de- pression of recent vears, Lack cf funds |is held responsible for the showing n both the acceptance of marriage re- sponsibilities and their termination. One suggested way of dealing with the subject is revision of the marilags laws of the several States, while it is advised that in the present reconstruction pe- riod some provision shonld be made for encouraging wholesome familv life. “People are not buying matrimony any more than they are buying futures. automobiles or diamond tiaras,” de- clares the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. “Marriage isn't what it used to be in many practical, prosaic respects. In the dear old sentimental d mar- riages were made by conventisn, pro pinquity, considerable perspicacity and about the average percentage of Pocr judgment mixed with Spring and moon- They were very differently re- garded and approached by one-half of the sketch in the days before that half came into citizenship rights. When one of the unemancipated faiied to do her best by herself in the omly available avenue of escape from home, it was a serious business. Only the foolish virgins didn’t. The other variety trim- | med their lamps and if any other por- tion cf the cast of characters became trimmed in the process, it was charged to the law of averages. Eui that was then. This is now. As between a hus- band potentiality and a job—maybe a career —under direct concentration, what would be the logical arswer to anybody fit to be emancipated? The answer accounts for the drought in marriages.” “If the falling off was due to the de- pression, and the depression is vanish- ing,” thinks the Glendale News-Press, loubtless the difference will be reflect- ed in the marriage license bureau. It is not strange that individuals out of work, working at reduced pay, or clinging with only precarious hold to their jobs, refrained from assuming any respon- sibility that could be avoided. The man who marries without being quali- | fled to support a wife and rossibly a family not only is rash, but guilty of an offense against society. The burden of caring for the impoverished already has become almost too much to carried. Among the most senseless of old adages is that which says ‘two can live as cheaply as one.’ Perhaps this has misled the unthinking and accounts for disastrous unions, but, having no basis in truth, it is & poor guide. If times get better this matrimonial slump will pass. Until they are definitely better, the slump will remain as evi- dence of reasonable caution.” “An all-time low mark was reacned last year because of the depression,” according to the Youngstown Vindi- cator, reviewing the figures for the year: “The number was 981,759, or 79.- 032 fewer than in 1931. The ratio was 7.9 per thousand of population, as cum- pared with 8.5 for the preceding vear. The ratio is based by the Census Bureau on an estimated population of 124.822,- Q00 the first of this month, while that for 1931 was based on an estimated population of 124,070,000. Only 10 States, all in the West and Southwest, save West Virginia, reported slight in- creases in the number of marriages. All | those adjoin States which have strict| marriage laws. The increase in num- ber of marriages in West Virginia was due largely to the new Ohio law de- signed prevent hasty marriages.” Asserting that “the decline is purely a depression phenomenon,” the New York Times refers to the trend that has been observed apart from the effect of | the depression, declaring: “Contrary to m been becoming more frequent. ‘The supposed postponement of marriage for economic reasons does not take place. A larger percentage of persons between the ages of 15 and 19 were married in 1930 than in 1890. Out of a thousand persons between 20 and 24 years of age, there were 75 more married in 1930 than in 1890." ular belief, marriage in recent years | “The economic factor served to t- pone marriage ” 1 the opinion of the Birmingham Age-Herald, which finds an important phase in “the way in which women have poured into business and industry 1d concludes thet the climax came with “the inexorable pov- erty of recent years.” The Houston Chronicle gives the explanation: ~We have known that our school and ccl- lege graduates were not finding jobs in any satisfactory number. To find now that they have not been marrving in normal propoertion is not, there! ur prising. Nevertheless it is a warning of the reconstruction thet must be ef- | fected. We cznnot long hope to main- {(nm & healthy society if we can foster a sound fam: life. Espec: is unmarriageability a danger in this ‘dz}' when all the older ideals of per- sonal morality and personal resporsi- bility to society are being assailed. A long continuance of the economic ob- | stacles to marriage would bring on us the gravest moral evils of modern times Fortunately we have evidence that thes~ obstacles already are being removad: that jobs and better wages are being provided: that young men and women are again to_have the opoprtunity of living normal and happy and useful lives in a sanely functioning society. Most assuredly it is to be hoped so.” “One need not look far,” advises the Des Moines Tribune, “for the explana- tion of the fact that Iowa's marriage rate declined more sharply than any other State for 1932, a year which set a new all-time low for the Nation in rate of marriages per 1.000 population. The record is correctly attributed to the five-day license law, which was repeaie@® by the General Assembly this vear after a hot fight. But it would be premature to accept Iowa’s unenviable leadership in marrizge decline as a conclusive argument against the five-day law. The argument points rather to the need for a uniform Federal code of domestic | relations. Of 10 States reportitg high | increases in weddings last year, three | border on Iowa. Every one of the 10 adjoined other States with strict mar- ;riaze laws.” “Hard times operated to keep mar- | riages from being made as numerously,” | says the Danbury News-Times, “but also | operated to keep those together who Wwér2 already married.” Quoting Clar- ence E. Martin, president of the Amer- {ican Bar Association, the Roanoke Times states: “He has very definite ideas about what should be done to {curb the growing divorce evj. He thinks the marriage banns should be published, migratory divorces prohibite:i |and Gretna Greens abolished. Pointing |out that one-third of our divorcees re- marry, he advocates limiting remarriag | to cases of annulment, on grounds exist- ing at the time of merriage. | eloquent though _pathetic ~argume against divorce that orphan asylum find the greater number of children dc- pendent upon them are children of divorced parents.” | A plan for dealing with divorec formulated by Charles R. Metzger of | Indiana University, is suggested by the | Dayton Daily News, with the provision | “He weuld have six months elapse be- | tween the filing and granting of an | open_divorce based on muttal consent, in the hope that husband and wif | meanwhile might find a more desirabl adjustment of their differences.” The San Jose Mercury Herald veice the judgment: “Prosperity gave over- | emphasis to selfishness and trivialities | petty irritations and trifiing disagr | ments assumed major importance; th fundamental basis on which congenia’. happy marriage is built was submerge in petty, unworthy emotions and resent - ments. Divorce offered an easy, selfis. | way out. There was money enough to be free of bonds that irked. companion- ship that had staled. Hard times have taught them the lesson of adjustin: themselves to each other and to con- ditions they cannot change. It has taught them to bear and to forbear; to overlook and to forgive; to be capten: and reasonably hwmnh what the have. And to this extent. at leset, hard | timejs have been-a benefit.” o