Evening Star Newspaper, July 15, 1933, Page 4

THE EVENING STAR ____With Sunday Morning Edition. that rain on St. Swithun's day implies rain for approximately six weeks there- after. The doggrel is commonly known o THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURDAY, JULY 15, 1933. gists speak of them as being basaltic trap rock, “a formation which was in- and widely believed: St. Swithun's day if thou dost rain For forti; days it will remain; St. Swithun's day if thou be fair For forty days 'twill rain na mair. The myth has been traced to the twelfth century, but it may be even older. Such notions have an smazing antiquity, a marvelous capacity for survival. Common sense contradicts them, logic laughs at them, but they persist. What can be the explanation of vitality so impressive? Ethnographists and folk lorists say thet primitive man was guided by the conviction that inanimate cbjects actu- ally were alive and that phenomena of WASHINGTON, D. C SATURDAY........July 15, 1833 THEODORE W. NOYEB....Editor! The Evening Star Newspaper Company | Business Office: 1 and Pennsylvania Ave New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Buildin. European Office:_14 Regent St.. London, England. Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star_.. ....45¢ per month The Evening and Sunday Star (vhen 4 Sundess) oo e Evening and Sun al T hon 5 BURAaTS) ... ... .85¢ per month The Sunday Star..... ... . ... .5c per copy | Collection made 2t the end of each month. | Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional 5000. .60c per month r Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and_Virginia. Daily and Sundi } :f . 512 % 1 mo. iy only . $6.00. 1mo.. 50c Ooday oniy + $400: 1mo.. 40c nate in themselves. They refer to these doctrines under the collective term “animism,” and the worship or ador- gave rise as “fetichism.” For the res- ervation of things from ordinary use they employ the South Seas word “taboo.” All weather myths are sub- ject to analysis from these different angles. Some are animistic in charac- ter, some have significance as fetiches. and some represent prohibitive taboos. But all are fruits of ignorance and superstition; none can stand the test of applied common sense. Nevertheless, they retain their hold upon the popular imagination. Thou- sands of people accept them, treasure tes and Canada. 1vr., $12.00: 1 mo.. $1.00 $8.00. 1mo. 75¢ All Other Staf d Sunday...1 2 1yr. $5.00; 1mo. 80c Dall. ¥ Bunday only Member of the Associated rre!:um Associated Press is exclusively entf to the e d0r republicarion of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise ered fted in this paper and alto tre local nevs published herein All rights of publication of Special dispatches herein are also reserved. London Fog. Although the spirit of brotherhood | has been conspicuous by its absence at the London Economic Confercnce, that | Interstate Park. ation of sticks and stones to which mey; shale,” and, so intervening, cooled in columnal form. For generations they were a quarry for all who desired build- ing material, and it was but a question of time, in the judgment of a far- sighted minority, until they would be ruined. After years of agitation, the two in- terested States, New Jersey and New York, joined to set up the commission which Mr. Rockefeller now has so handsomely endowed. The narrow strip of territory was designated the Palisades Several fine motor roads have been constructed through it and the present donation contem- | plates another parkway link, for which nature had a causative explanation in- | the commissioners are to sak Govern- ment aid under the administration’s | public works program. Work is to be | begun immediately, if the requested loan is granted. The major benefit in the circum- stances of course, will be enjoyed by i the two States most directly concerned. But the Palisades properly are a fea- | ture of the naticnal landscape and the | whole country therefore may rejoice | that they are to be saved and improved Perhaps it is worthy of menticn that Mr. Rockefeller's philanthropy is typical of the broad-visioned class of men of | wealth to which he belongs. | be interesting to compile a list of the lgflu which society has had at the truded between layers of safidstone and ! TH[S AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Walking down a suburban street, lined with majestic oaks, in which thrushes sang, one suddenly had the feeling that these birds belonged to | one, were singing for one's sole benefit. | It was a curious impression to re- ceive, and lasted only a few steps, until | hy the mind could repudiate such owner- | ship, and carefully point out that the ;bxnu sang principally for themselves |and afterwards for all who would | listen. i Yet the feeling of personal owner- | ship persisted, in some measure; per- haps it was not unique, in any sense, | but at times had been shared by all | persons interested in such things. | Every bird that sang from a bough— i he felt that it sang for him. and for { him alone, such was his impression. x x £ % Is not art for those who receive it? The bird song—who owns it except | the appreciative listener? Good writing—for whom is it. except r those who appreciate good writing? In a very definite sense, therefore, he who loves the songs of the birds may say to himself that they sing | for him. | _If at times he has an inner feeling that they sing to him alone, and that | for It would | in some mysterious manner he owns not belong to the party in power, for | them, he may be forgiven his temerity. £ 5 * This ownership. brought about by hands of that group. Again and again | appreciation of the beautiful. the in-| 1ll-starred affair, now tapering to its in- them. St. Swithun has been dead at they have done for the people at large | {°eSting and amusing things of this times tend to think, but often vastly practical in application. ‘What does one own? ‘The question, rather, should be: ‘What does one not own, if one is will- ing to accept the small worries of these interesting trusteeships? For truly there are some worries, even ere. Only he who has thought, in his own | heart, that the birds are singing for him, will know the sorrow which comes at their loss. * ok %k K He who is interested in the glorious everyday sights of Nature, as repre- scnied by cloud, rea, trees, landscapes, will be able to ®hderstand the feeling of distress over unkempt stewardship, | in this respect. In the main, however, there is little worry connected with this theoretical, yet eminently practical sort of pos- session. It places an entire community be- | neath one’s feet in a pleasant sort of dictatorship. The length and breadth | of avenues become personal, not merely | mathematical. | Just es the friend of animals neces- | sarily gives them some personality, in | a good sense, so this owner finds public property in part his own. If not his, then whose? This magnificent public building does | it may be out in a few more years It doss not belong to the old guard at the portal. certainly. ‘The grandeur of the architecture scarcely belongs to those who work o - in conesquente, (“r;“‘l’l-)‘_:“s"s"’::uf::‘im |least ten centuries, but his legend is common Wwif Hildlar 2 " | eternally immortal. Even in the ma- ply will not run smooth D““’“(”“”“ | chine age, dominated by science, he is discord, even in these final stages. famous. 1f Washington has rain today. what the people have refused to do for | themselves. Critics who hysterically | indict ‘“capitalism” as an economic | world, is perhaps the most pleasing of | there, for normally they are too busy | ownerships, and it is one open to to care for those aspects. everybody. | It belongs, actually, to the theoreti- Ownership, without worry or care— | cal concept called “the people.” and any | mankind always has hankered for it.!individual composing ihat group owns On the heels of Secretary Hull's suc- cessful efforts to keep the conference alive, the American delegation was re- quired this week, on orders from Wash- | ington, to apply still another cold douche to the proceedings by announc- ing that the Federal Reserve Board de- clines to participate in any arrange- ments for co-operation among the cen- tral banks of the world. Evidently it fears that this might indirectly embroil the United States in some scheme of | currency Stabilization, which President |0 "y T ipe opinton of-the Roose- | Hops are scarce the world over be- |, Roosevelt has tabooed. Then it was there will be many who will be certain of a rainy Summer. e | Increase Buying Power. | With spindles turning and machinery | i land in the' “dri\'e for business recovery it is of vast | importance that the purchasing power of th people be increased. They are | | ready to consume this new production | provided they have the means to obtain | it. Increased employment plus increased | velt administration, the formula for in- | cause of the American demand for beer. | enjoyment. tyranny would pay themselves a com- | and at times thought it had attained it. pliment if they would remember the Stocks. bonds, mortgages—all repre- fact on occasion. e | Civil service rules enable Postmaster General Farley to simplify his job by | | encouraging many officials who, if they | oo “excention, has complete freedom | through. did not vote Democratic last election, | from worry and care. are quite likely to do so and in the | meantime will give the Government | service the benefit of practical experi- ence. D However, the American grape crop is | sent ownership, ostensibly without the | perplexities attending the personal management of the property repre- | sented. | Such times as the past three years, | however, show that no ownership, with | This single exception is the type of | appreciative possession here instanced. | ik | It must be granted that it is a philo- | sophical concept, scarcely real, in one sense, but intensely true, in another. | The basic values of ownership lie rgely in help, in payments and in| At their best, ownerships he typical sorts ought to afford | it as much as any other. So nobody owns it, actually. He own: it who can say to himself, “It is mine, because I appreciate it.” * Let the rosarfan spray persistently for the prevention of “black spot.” week after week, all Spring and Summer The roses are his. you must not take them, but the fungus will take them unless he sprays week after week, all the growing season through. It is the penalty of ownership, and | those who think that one spraying a | year ought to suffice, will have few good roses. It is possible, however, to possess the | better part of such ownership without | the pangs or labors of possession, and Great Britain's turn to say “no.” His creased purchasing power of the people. majesty’s government had only & €8 | oo coulq well be added to this or two previously announced in the ;o Gecreased taxation, for many House of Commons that British and | ' O people are unwilling to spend American policy on the necessity Of j,ome ang earnings when they fear raising price levels was in full accord. | . axation is likely to mount still This encouraging develooment was fol- | higher. rather than to be reduced. Jowed within forty-eight hours by the | b et Roosevelt and his aide, Gen. blunt refusal of the British to g0 along | gy g Johnson. Federal administrator with the American resolution to Pro-| ¢ tne industrial recovery act, have mote prosperity by a world-wide pro- | gram of public works to be financed in each country, as in the United States, with government funds. Walter Runci- man, British minister of trade, on Thursday almost brusquely rejected this plan. He said Great Britain had al- ready squandered $500,000,000 on pros- perity-promoting public works, which | had produced only four thousand jobs, and was now definitely opposed to in- vesting any more capital sums in that | direction. About the same time the much vaunt- | ed wheat compact, sole constructive achievement at London to date, was put in jeopardy. The Danubian states, Europe's granary, objected to the low output quota assigned them by the big four wheat countries, America, Canada, Australia and Argentina, while Soviet Russia piped up that the agreement did not adequately safeguard her wheat in- terests. Meantime. two American conference pilgrims have returned from the em- battled arena—Assistant Secretary of | State Moley and O. M. W. Sprague, special adviser to the Treasury Depart- ment. Dr. Moley, on whose dramatic arrival, ence, London pinned such exiravagant hopes, declines public comment on his | experiences and impressions. Mr. in the midst of the confer-| | expres--1 already their concern ove | forced and mounting production of all kinds of commodities prior to the adop- tion end operation of the codes of fair | competition by the industries. For ex- Inmplfl. the Census Bureau has reported, | June, 696.472 bales, was the largest for | any month since the bureau began keep- ing such records back in 1912. The next highest consumption for any month was during March, 1927. The June con- sumption this year was double the con- | | sumption in June last year. It seems | jclear that the cotton manufacturers have speeded up production in order to | take advantage of lower prices of raw | material and of lower labor costs, and equally clear that cotton goods mer- chants have rushed orders to the mills to stock up at lower prices in order | to take advantage of the market when prices for such goods have gone higher. | Whatever the motive and whoever may be responsible, the whole movement fay | defeat itself unless the purchasing power of the Nation is increased without fur- | ther delay. President Roosevelt and Gen. John- | von, therefore, are considering the ap- | plication to all industries in the coun- | | try in advance of the adoption of codes | of fair competition, of the minimum | | wage and the shorter werking week. | Whether such a decree by the Federal always abundant and there are many who, once contemptuous of “vin ordi- naire,” may be willing to accept the run of the vine. ———— Asserting that he is an ardent pro- hibitionist, Gov. Pinchot realizes when | he has had cold water thrown on him— which mixes metaphors and adds to | the confusion of numercus changes of attitude. S Every citizen is anxious to assist in getting rid of racketeers. Racketeers themselves are perfectly willing to take | that the consumption of cotton during|down the trusty old machine gun and plain words of the every go after a business rival. e Perhaps the witty Voltaire, were he alive, could explain how it happens that | a nation possessing a superabundance of gold is unable to be much hnpmer{ than a neighbor with none at all | — e | A gasoline tax expended on highway | improvements is appreciated by the | taxpayer unless it becomes so high that | he can no longer afford a car. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Endless Rhythm. | tickin' fast. De hands dey reach along an’ ring de dinner bell at last. ! Sunny days an’ cloudy days dey gather and disperse; \ De good ones might be better an’ de bad ones might be worse. of t Ip in time of need. to render unto that is by the appreciation of fine | the little Caesar of the everyday the flowers wherever one goes. | payments which are his due and. above | “ x o% % all. to result in various types of en-| Here are a dozen stalks of gladioli | joyment. !in a tall vase on a stenographer’s desk ‘Those who at times think to es-ape Admiye the flowers, and they | the worries of ownership. through yours as long as your eves behold them | means of the ordinary varieiies known to all peoplcs, find at last that there may be a great deal of care and trou- | ble attached to them | do. if you wer> in charge of parks. Only in the form of mental owner- are | for Here are good points. there indifferent | Donham believes <hip. based on mappreciation. mayv a uman being reccive payment. help and enjoyment without overmuch pain of worry or care - ‘This is not a new idea in the world. bv any means, but a very old one Our only merit lies in restating it in applicable to our own Washington and to Wash- ingtonians, and to our own thrushes, cur sights of teauty and interest. It is possible to know a theory and yet never to apply it. Yet theory is not as theoretical, indeed, as we some- High Lights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands A MACEDOINE, Sofia (published in Bulgaria for political rea- sons).—The Balkans supply datly ! fresh proofs that they are really and truly countries of surprises. | Just at a time when nobody expected it, Come day—go day! De clock keeps the ideal Turco-Bulgarian relations, ! which apparently had been entirely re- built upon deep foundations of mutual respect and deference, were violently shaken by a concussion the effects of which may continue to be felt for a long time. As a matter of fact, the in- cidents were not at all of any impor- tance, but they indicate, nevertheless, the tensions ¢ vhere so prevalent in these days between neighboring coun- days fer workin’, when you's ones, here a few positively not to one's liking at all. Good, indifferent. poor— | the onlooker is responsible for them | all. in a way. His stewardship is easy? Yes. but his poscessions are not limited. They are not tangible, but are intangible: and not every one can feel the sense 0f possession, under such circumstances, | it is true enough. Yet for those who can, such ownership is satisfying. It takes the sting out of inequalities. the blame from injustice, the hurt from mediocrity. It is about as near to a “cure all” as there s i Population Decline In Berlin Cited. | Le Petit Marseillais, Marseille—A | study of the population siatistics re-| cently given out by M. Darre, presigent | of all the rural organizations of the | Reich. before the National Congress of | German Women, recently held in Berlin. | shows that while the number of country dwellers has not, up to the present, diminished appreciabiv, decreases in the | birth rate are becoming constantly more noticeable in larger cities, and espe- cially in Berlin. In fact, of all the cities in Europe. Berlin exhibits the greatest decline in the ratio of parent- age. “The cities.” declared M. Darre. “are | our graves. The higher percentage of | births which still obtains in the rural | three conditions: Sprague, on the other hand. is almost | disconcertingly candid and informative. | Government could be made effective He describes the American position, | under the law is the question with both at Washington and in London, | Which the President and Gen. Johnson as that of a “sailboat in a fog” and is | &re to wrestle over the week end. One convinced that a recess for two months | section of the recovery act gives to the or more—now scheduled to set in about | President power to enter into volun- July 27—is the sensible recourse. Mr. |tary agreements with industries rela- Sprague holds it logical that the fast- | tive to wages and hours of labor. But moving chain of events in progress whether a general order by the Presi- here since March 4—the full conse- | dent fixing minimum wages and maxi- | Sunny | feeling strong. | Cloudy days foh singin’, cause dat's i when you needs de song. ivame day—go day! Dat clock keeps up de grird. A laughin’ or r--ingin’, 'cordin to yoh framc o' mind. Oratorical Introspection. “Have you mede any notes of the speech you intend to deliver?” tries | The facts are well known. A few ir- responsible youths conceived the idea of entering the Turkish graveyard at Raz- gard by force and demanding that it should be taken over by the city au- | thorities as an extension of the munic: pal park. Such an act was naturally considered, on the Turkish side. as | amounting to sacrilege and profanation. | | Students in Stambul immediately got |up a demonstration outside the Bul- garian consulate in that city. Fortunately, both the Bulgarian and | Turkish governments were able to take quences of which no one could have mum hours of labor could be made ob- foreseen—made fluctuations in American ligatory is another question. It is doubt- conference policy inevitable. If the | ful that industries generally would fall present improvement over here con- in line with an order of that kind tines, the Treasury expert thinks, there prior to the hearings provided for in the will be sufficient world interest to re- law prior to the adoption of the codes. vive the conference later in the year | There are hopeful signs, however, _with fair prespects of practical results | whicn indicate that some of the indus- “No,” replied Senator Sorghum. “I|timely and energetic measures for a mu- tual and satisfactory settlement ~f the | districts is the only factor that will re- | tard the depopulation of Germany. If the present rates are maintained throughout the country, by 1990 our in- habitants will number but 46,000,000 Theze are the solemn and incontrovert- ible facts.” In contrast with this outlook, the most recent report of the Central Institute of Statistics at Rome announces that | there were in Italy 42,413,000 persons, | | according to a census compiled as of April 30 last. This figure marks an in- crease of nearly a million since the previous enumeration. in April, 1931, The population of Italy is steadily in- THE LIBRARY TABLE BY SARAH G. BOWERMAN. CERTAIN SAMARITANS. By Esther Pohl Lovejoy, M. D. New edition, revised and reset. New York: The Macmillan Co. Women had little to do with bringing on the World War, but their service during it was not merely the giving of gentle encouragement and the arrange- ment of social diversions. “Certain Samaritans” tells of the work of women doctors and nurses in connection With the American women's hospitals in dif- ferent countries. Dr. Lovejoy Was pres- ident of the Medical Women's Interna- tional Association, 1920-24; president of the Medical Women's National Associa- tion, 1932-33, and has been general di- rector of the American Women’s Hos- pitals’ Service at home and abroad for the past 14 years. She begins her book by asking how she happened to be on the railroad pier at Smyrna when the Christian population of the city left their fathers’ land to take refuge in Greece, and says that the answer to| the question would involve the whole history of the feminist movement since | Eve. The American Women's Hospitals were_established in 1917, by the Medi- cal Women's National Association, to serve the sick in war-stricken countries. |“The women of the medical profession were not called to the colors, but they | decided to go anyway.” As in every- thing else which is started with an| altruistic motive, with no profits in sight for any one doing the financing. | the chief difficulty was “funds.” And, as in many other such projects, big work was done with small funds. But Dr. Lovejoy’s book is not a mere re- port of what was done; it is a book of medical ventures during the war, told vivaciously and with much anecdote, and accompanied by many illustrations from photographs. The clinics held in Albania, Smyrna, Moscow. Macedonia, Siberia and in many other plac:s were not without daily amusing incidents. Not all was tragic or pathet.c. Samp) which indicate the quality rative presented are tha accounts of a Pope's appendicitis, & brigand chiet under an anesthetic, a visit 1o a luna tic, “the fateful bite of a louse.” “pestl lence in the garden of Eden.” nursing and doctoring on the isles of Homer and Sappho, hunger strikers in Russia, the relation of earthquakes to the cvil eve. bubonic fleas, and an encouater on an international train with a wayfarer who drank so frequentiy that he began to count pink rats running around the compartment. of the nar- * % THE FRA! ORK OF AN ORDERED socxzr}“xgw By Sir Arthur Salter, K. C. B. Wew York: The Macmillan Co. Sir Arthur Salter and Dean Wallace B. Donham of the Graduate School of Business Administration at Harvard have recently presented the arguments economic internetionalism —and economic nationalism in a friendly de- Have time, out of the anxious running tate in one of the New York news- of your car. to look over the park|papers. situation. cnd decide what you would | ternational Sir Arthur contends that in- co-operation should be the ultimate goal of statesmanship; Dzan that the greatest national prosperity will be found in national economic independence. This little book on an “ordered society” is | not specifically on internationalism but is rather a plea for natfonal economic planning., which is. according to his view, not incompatible with interna- tional agreements. The volume con- tains three leciures delivered at Ca bri¢ge. England. in February, 1933, un- der the provisions of the recently estab- ished Alfred Marshall lectureship The text is stated in the first lecture and sounds ©s if Sir Arthur were talk- ing about the United States in ead of England. He believes that representa- tive government may be preserved and the economic system at the same time be saved from threatening disas on “That parliaments will delegate some of their functions 15 the executive, without cbdicating their | ultimate responsibility: thet the exec tive will fit itself for its tasks by wel coming the assistancc of those who direct the actual economic activities of the country; and that these In tur:a will assume the task of v controlling and planning activities, in ass on with g ment and through an appropra.c organization.” This basic program is developed in some detail in the two, succeeding lecturas. * % x % FIFTH AVENUE BUG. An Excursion Among the Bodks of Christopher Morley. With a Note by the Con- ductor. Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co. “It’s often possible to hire one of the public busses for a private party of your own,” says “the conductor.” alias Chris- topher Morley. That's what his pub- | lishers have done and the party is in his honor. The bus—or the beok—sis a large one and is packed to the last seat—or page—with the book family of Christo- pher Morley. He is 2 bit worried about their seating and feels sure that Kath- Ieen ought to sit next to Gabrielle Bom- pard and ‘that the two mothers-in-law { from “Thursday Evening” should be in- side. as they are not fond of climbing stairs. Roger Miffin and Helen will go on top. where smoking is permitted. and perhaps the Oid Mandarin would enjoy a talk with Mile. de Sombreuil. *“No riding on the platform—and please hold ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS avail yourself of the service of this de- partment. It costs you nothing—you have only to send three cents for| postage on the personal letter you will receive in reply. Do not use postcards. Any question on any subject of fact will be answered. Address your letter of | inquiry to The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureeu, Frederic J. Haskin, Di- | rector, Washington, D. C. : Q. How many Jews have been killed | in Germany since the Hitler regime has | been in power?—M. M. A. It is a highly controversial mat- ter as to the number of Jews who have | tuffered death, imprisonment. or dis- franchisement through the Nazi pro- gram of Germany. A recent coire- spondent, Mitchell Williams, placed the number of killed throughout Germany as 300, and the number injured as| 3,000. This is contradicted, but it ap-| pears that there has been a certain | amount of persecution. | Q. Is Venice connected with the mainland by a bridge?—R. F. A. A bridge has recently been con- structed for the convenience of auto- mobile travelers. | Q. What is the present strength of :}hEC léniu‘d States Marine Corps?— | ‘A As of May 31, 1933, its strength was 15,126. | Q. Did Edgar Allan Poe marry his Annabel Lee?—C. T. | A. His wife, Virginia Clemm Poe, was the inspiration for the poem. ‘ When troublesome questions uue,l | BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. scandals?>—I. T. O. , A. He was nominated to serve with the Armstrong Legislative Committee (New York Legislature) August 11, 1905, while he was traveling in Europe. He returned about August 23 to act as attorney to the committee and drew up 2 sct of insurance laws which were adopted, and succeeded in checking the waste and theft discovered. appointed to Invgflnu the insurance Q. How does carbon monoxide smell? ~C.P. B. A. This gas is very insidious and has absolutely no odor and can not be seen. Q. How much destruction was caused by the Chicago fire?—W. H. R. A. The great fire of Chicago, Octo- ber, 1871, broke out in a barn in Di- Koven street. The flames couid not b controlled because they were fanned by a gale, consequently the fire raged for two days over an area of 2,100 acre: Seventeen thousand four hundred fifty buildings were destroyed, causing 200 deaths and rendering more than 70,000 homeless. Property to the value of $190,000,000 was destroyea. Q. How are neon signs hooked up for use on automobiles?—T. H. A. By using a spark coil a neon lamp can be used with battery current. This is the method employed for signs on automobiles. Q. How can mercury be cleaned?— J. W. H. A. The Bureau of Standards says | that a simple way to remove dirt from mercury is to shake the mercury vigor- ously with some cane sugar, after wnicn Q. When did John Robinson enter | the circus business>—C. C. §. | _A. John Robinson first appeared in | the circus in 1818. He. became identi- fied with the first circus to bear his \name in 1824. After that he was asso- ciated from time to time with several | showmen, Q. The bust of what American was celected to stand over the main en- trance to the Library of Congress’— A H. A. There are five busts over the main entrance. That in the center is of Benjamin Franklin. On the left stand Washington Irving and the ! German poet. Goethe. On the right are Lord Macaulay and Nathaniel Hawthorne. | . Who was the third of the famous | friends. Henry Ford, Thomas Edison, and one other’—E. S. The third was John Burroughs. | Henry Ford is the sole survivor. | ! Q. Is Sherlock Holmes a character |or a figure of speech?—R. M A Sir Arthur Conen Doyle created the charactes Snerlock Hoimes. He is now a kind of figure of speech since the character has grown to be fo populer io was a Cetective whose methods were somewhat, unusual. Q. How much did Mrs. Lincoln pay for a house in Chicago following her departure from the White House?—S. V. A Two thourand seven hundred dollars. Q. In poker. whext drawing to a pair what are the chances of making threes and of making four?—G. T. A. The chances against making threes are 8 to 1. The chances against making four are 859 to 1. Q. What can be added to brown sugar so that it will not curdle milk in mak- ing candy?—C. M. A. A pinch of cornstarch or flour mixed into the sugar will usually pra- vent the curdiing. The acid in the brown sugar is responsible for tie curdling. Q. Can you tell me what proportion of ncvels publiched succecd?—J. T. A. A large firm of publishers has es- timated that 9 out of 10 novels are comparative failures, ie.. show no de. cided profit to author or publisher. | Q. When was Charles Evans Hughes | | the metal is filtered off through a pin- hole in the bottom of a paper cone. The whole operation may be repeated if necessary. Instead of fitering tarough a pinhcle the mercury may be squeezed through several thicknesses 1 of cloth, | Wh =D, Q U. . J. A. It is a due bill. It is a written acknowledgment of a debt by tne debtor. It is not a negotiable instru- ment, although it is assignable by tne payee. Q. At what point is Manhattan Islana the widest>—G. M. H. A. At Eighty-ninth street. Q. How many words does the average person read a second?—H. O. A. Such tests as have been made indicate that there is considerable vari- ation, depending upon the nature of the contents that are being read, the ty used, and other factors. Huey found that adults varied in the rate of read- ing from 25 to 9.8 words per second. | silently at their ordinary rates. When reading as rapidly as possible the rates varied from 35 1o 135 words per sec- ond. Whipple and Curtis found that the time per word in hundredths of a isecond for normal silent reading. max- imum cilent reading. and skimming was 3 and 14, respactively. Q. From what word ukase come? A the R: at is the real name for an I. O. J. language does the L. 8. T an. At first, it meant a decree of the Czar's, taking effect 2s law. Now any official decree is called a ukase. Q. How tall is a penguin?—T. L. OC. A. Tre height of a penguin depends on the species. The Emperor penguin, the largest. stands about 3'. feet high and the largest specimen ever reccrded weighed 78 pounds. The smallest would be not more than a foot in height. Q. Why was the flag of Argentina at half-stafl cver the Argentine emb: in '»V:'Bshingwn on Friday, July 7, 1 A. Because of the death of Dr. Hipo- lito Irigoyen, President of the Argentine Republic from 1916 to 1922 and from 1928 to 1939. Dr. Irigoyen died on the night of July 3, 1933, and th~ Argentine government ordered the national flag to be half-staffed for a period of 10 days. ? Propaganda VCauses Doubts " As Russian Trade Is Offered i | National discussion of the prospects of increased trade with Russia is ac- companied by predictions that recogni- |tion of the Soviet government will be ceriously considered. Obstacles to po- | litical action still center around the old | war debt and Communist propaganda. {In view of debt relations with other European countries, the question of ob- ligations is not stressed, but many citi- zens hold that political activity of the Moscow government is a serious obstacle. Upholding the idea of “a friendiy hand to Russia.” the Newark Evening News argues: “It never was any busi- ness of ours what form of government jor what type of economic organization the great Russian people elected to live | under. If there was any excus2 for our hands-off policy in the former militant insistence of the ruling powers in that country upon a world Communist revo- | lution. that excuse has been practically | destroyed by the concentration of those hand rail while you're on the stairs.” the o powers, in_ their later custodianship, To those who like Christopher Morley that no propagenda shall be carried on by governmental or quasi-zovernmental Russian agencies in the United States, and it should be stitpulated that any Soviet representative sant here shall strictly adhere to traditional diplomatic usage and refrain from any act cut of r‘;an“ony with good taste in such mat- TS “Trade with Russia does not neces- serily inv the question of recognition of that country.” thinks the Cleveland News, with the advice: “America should not spurn the trade at this critical time, regardless of what we may think of the present Russian government. The na- tions arguing at London are du- to awaken soon to the opportunity the former land of th> Czars offers, if they hate not already done so. America, badly necding this foreign trade. could 1b§v _‘lmellxgent action secure the bulk of it.” Observing the sympathetic attitude of the American government. the Philadel~ 'in useful directions. “Until one can b2 tries are alive to the need of quickly | am going to speak exteniPoraneously. | “When I prepare a speech in advance I'm liable to read it over a few times and then, being something of a critic of speeches, I lose my nerve.” Real Admiration. “So you admire poets?” incident, which at least threate.ed to | creasing. in the towns an cities as well | degenerate into a campaign of mutual |as in the hamlets and among the peas- recriminations in the press, but it would | antry. be a little premature to assume that the | incidents at Razgard and Stambul have left no lingering resentment. People on both sides of internaticnal ! boundaries—and within them, too—too | From the St. Louts Daily Globe-Democrat. . |Gulf Stream Coming Closer | {often nurse piques and injured feel-| \more certain of the outcome of our in- | increasing purchasing power and of pre- ‘ternal developments,” as Mr. Sprague J venting the dislocation of labor in many puts it, “it is a little difficult to make | of the plants. The silk and rayon any arrangements with foreign coun- | manufacturers are strongly urging that tries.” the provisions of the cotton textile code There matters obviously must rest. ' now approved and to become effective We must wait for the morrow to bring on Monday relating to minimum wages forth what was impossible today. The and hours of labor be made to apply to interval will give not only the United | their mills, too. The woolen manufac- States, but European naiions a breath- | turers are falling in line with this pro- ing space in which the experience 2nd ' posal errors of these pas: futile five weeks | President Roosevelt has warned the can be explored, With a view to trying | producers and the merchants that sud- again in the light of the lessons that | den sharp rises in prices of commodi- have been learned. ties, coming before the purchasing “Yes, indeed.” answered Farmer Corn- | ings, which smolder perhaps for years | tossel: “I think & heap o poets. The.and then break out afresh with an ac- | If the skipper of the steamship San Blas is right in his report that the Gulf Stream has moved 100 or so miles sufficiently well—and there are many— this 1,200-page selection from his stories, plays and poems will come as a Summer Vacation special blessing. And the print is not the infinitesimal affair which onc expects when much reading matter is packed into a single volume. It is clear and large and the mergins are rous. so one may have a feeling of upon Russia’s internal development.” tion of those who fail to approve of th= Russian government is the stand taken by the Nashville Banner in the state- {ment: “The general facts are well within public knowledge. It is known nizes no law of God or man excep: Representative of the rigid opposi- | international relations of the present | that the union is a land which recog- | & I xury and leisure while turning the pages. Some of the best of Christopher which is pmmulgnted and permitted by the autocracy of anarchy which finds | One thing remains as immutably cer- tain s before—the necessity for world econcmic rehabilitation still exists, and etatesmanship will not have done its duty till it finds the way e~ Assertions that Hitler has a strain of Jewish ancesiry are not likely to change his attitude. An old family quarrel can be as fierce as any. e St. Swithun's Day. This is the day assigned to St. Swithun, or, as some spell it, Swithin, in the calendar of the church. Bishop of Winchester and patron of the beau- tiful old cathedral there, he had a numerous following from the tenth to the sixteenth century. But it happens that his fame while yet he lived was fnconsequential. Scarccly any mention ©f him occurs in the records of his own time. His death is reported in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle under the year 861, and his signature has been found on several charters. But little else is known of him. His celebrity began with the translation of his remains from an almost forgotten grave to a proper sepuleher in Ethelwold’s new basilica, July 15, 971. Miracles were alleged to have taken place when his relics were . yeinterred. A whole body of legends grew up around his name, and some of them have survived the devastation of latter-day rationalism. - Among the number s m_t:ndmon :pnvrvr of the people has been increased | by added employment and increased | wages, may be destructive of the whole | movement of recovery. The producers and merchants, he said, must be con- tent to make their increased returns ! from a larger and wider sale of their | commodities at first. This is sound ad- vice. If production and prices out- strip the increase in buying power of the people, the danger of another col- lapse, and a most serious one, will con- ln'ont the country. — o ‘There are differences in peniten- | tiaries. The severity of a sentence may | be measured not only by time but also | by place. e Palisades Saved. John D. Rockefeller, jr., has given to a Board of Interstate Park Commis- sioners two hundred and sixty-five acres of land atop the Hudson Palisades, | opposite New York City. His generosity insures the preservation of the natural beauty of the cliffs, and thus again he | has earned the gratitude of the entire | Nation. The Palisades have been considered | |one of the most remarkable and pic- | turesque formations of their kind in the world. Stretching from Fort Lee | to the hills of Rockland County, they | are from three to five hundred feet in height, rugged and fantastic in contour, nobly impressive in character. Geolo- l way they keep tellin’ 'bout birds an’ i bees an’ flowe=s kind o' helps to keep | the bearders’ minds off o mosquitoes.” Utensils of Fame. The pen is mightier than the sword, But in the lives of men, Oft comes a cris!s when the hand Finds neither sword nor pen. But in a trial, such as this, Are weapons still to suit: An ink-well or a sponge-cup makes A first-rate substitute, __ Advancing Ideals. “How is your daughter progressing in | “Well,” replied Mr. Cumrox, “I think | her taste s improving. She is getting ! so she thinks enough cf some of those | songs not to try to sing them.” A Universal Paradox. How strangely swift the days go by When you “bills payable” espy; How strangely slow—'tis scarce believable When thinking o'er your “bills receivable.” “Some folks wif great riches,” said Uncle Eben, “minds me ob er cullud man wif er boat-lond o' watah-millions all ter hissef. He had all he kin har’l, an’' he ain’ got de heart to gib none away. So he jes sets and looks at ‘em.” —eor—. Fatile. From the Detroit News. The man who spanked Adolph Hitler is still alive in Austria. It seemed a useful idea at the time, but nothing came of it. —.——s Bill Postage. From the Santa Fe New Mexican. Th:re is no special relief to have bills arrive with two-cent postage. It mhtbe:lmbetmlrmunden to use a dollar stamp. | because so long restrained. So this trifling episcde—though we do not wish to be pessimistic—may yet cxercise a powerful and by no means beneficial influence on the future Turco-Bulgarian contacts. Such a manifestation cannot prop- erly be considered an isolated event. It is rather but one of a whole series of demonstrations of more or less open hostility observable in the attitude of the Belgrade government, which may have its reasons for desiring to bring about a breach between Bulgaria and Turkey, in order that the former coun- try may be surrounded with a fence of bayonets, thus removing her as a factor in opposition to the belligerent activities | which would establish that new con- ception which may be called Panserbia. If so, Belgrade may very likely be dis- appointed, for, after all, Turkey has no intensive longing to get mixed up in a | policy of renewed adventurirgs, nor do | the majority of the more stedie and in- | telligent Bulgarians wish to break off | peaceful and kindly relations with their | southern neighbor. Rickshaw Ban Held Unlikely in Shanghai. North China Daily News, Shanghai— Although it is believed that the Auto- mobile Club of.China has considerable support for its declared intention to press for the abolition of rickshaw traf- fic in the Intcnational Settlement, there is little possibility of an early accept- ance of that policy by the Municipal Council of stricter control over the rick- shaw traffic. The police report supplies the text. To begin with, an organized effori to | suppress the touting for hire by empty private rickshaws would be most’ bene- ficial. ‘That illicit practice is unfair to the hire rickshaw and definitely a nuis- ance to the public. Criticism has been passed on the leniency shown by points- men on duty to the rickshaw. It is not altogether groundless. While motorists quite rightly have to pass a test before they can secure a license, the rickshaw- man can jump into the shafts in the delightful state of the perfect amateur. On the whole, rickshawmen in Shang- hai are exceedingly worthy citizens, and, given considerate treatment, behave well. Their errors are mainly the prod- uct of ignorance. That is no reason. however, why patient firmness should not expioit their natural sense of dis- cipline by being more vigilant in secur- ing their observance of the traffic rules. - | cumulated rancor, all the more serious nearer the New England Coast and the school of thought that accredits sharp climatic changes to this ribbon of warm water is not wrong. the north- | eastern part of the United States and | even the maritime provinces of Canada | are in for an unusually warm Summer this year. i The San Blas commander, Capt. George H. Grant, made his report when | his ship arrived at Boston from Puerto Barrios, Guatemala. And he said that the stream that comes up the Atlantic | Coast from the Gulf and the Caribbean | has not only abandoned its seaward | trend north of Cape Hatteras, N. C.. | bat that it is speeding up its delivery of the suntouched waters from three to five knots an hour, bring the San Blas and its cargo of bananas to its home port many hours ahead of its schedule. -He found the stream running about 80 miles off Nantucket Lightship, guarding the coast of Massachusetts, whereas the normal course of the stream carried it past that part of the coast nearly 200 miles east of the lightship. It is interesting to speculate on what this hugging of the coast north of Cape Hatteras might mean if the great stream should find a new path and dis- sipate its congenial breath of southern climes before it reached Northeastern Europe to warm and to cheer our cross- seas neighbors. Such a stoppage would prove beyond controversy whether the winds or the ocean currents are respon- sible for climatic favors bestowed upon countries not especially favored by rela- tive latitudinal placement. For many scientists of France and England con- tend that they owe nothing to the Gulf Stream for the temperate climate that touches their shores. And the intricate relationship of winds to ocean cur- rents makes it hard for one school to prove that the other is wrong. There can be no doubt that currents are driven by winds and that winds are stmnglly influenced by currents and that hot or cold water are effective in helEln; to build up low-pressure and high-pressure conditions of the atmos- phere and the equalizing winds that —_— e Domestic Peace. From the Huntsville (Ala.) Times. The theory that opposites make the happiest marrieges scems to b2 borne out by the fact that you seldom see a family quarrel when the wife is large and the husband yn. | Morley is at the party—of his fiction. “Thunder on the Left,” “Parnassus on Wheels” and a number of shorter stories (we wish “Where the Blue Be- gins” could have been admitted to the bus): the plays, “Good Theater.” “The Rocking Hor: “Thursday Evening. “Really, My Dear,” and ‘Wagon-Lits": of his poems, the “Old Mandarin” collection. *x ok % HOW TO CARE FOR THE BABY. By Violet Kelway Libby. Washington, D. C.: The Plymouth Press. Dr. Truman Abb2 has wriiten a fore- word to this little book, which makes no pretense to being professional, but presents the practical “mother’s point of vie Dr. Abbe says: “Mrs. Libby, the mother of three happy, healthy children, has felt the need for a simple story of how to care for the baby, and has written a bocklet in which most new mothers ought to be able to find in in- telligible language the practical answers to .many of their early queries.” Ana Mrs. Libby says: the course of bringing up one or more children we gradually acquire a considerable fund of knowledge, but in the meantime we are apt, through ignorance or over-anx- iety, to make many mistakes unpleasant in their consequences both for mother and baby.” Beginning with the baby's trousseau, and ending with charts for entering the baby’s height, weight, and achievements in the way of teeth, smil- ing, talking, and walking during the first year, the book covers nearly every- thing, it seems, that a mother ought to know, unless her baby is sickly and needs a docior. Of course food, bath- ing, dressing and sleeping arrangements are thoroughly discussed. The plan of the baby’s day, sun baths, exercises, teething, early discipline, the care of minor ail- ments, and “how to travel with the baby” are also accorded chapters. * x x X Many authors combine Summer va- cations in pleasant country places with lanning or writing new books. Hans llada, author of the recent novel “Little Man, What Now?” is spending the Summer on his farm in Pomeranm, Germany, for he always writes pest near plowed fields. Thomas Craven, author of “Men of Art,” is finishing its tequel, probably to be called “Sons ¢ emia,” at his home in Great Neck, Long Island. Dr. Will Durant is work- ing on his “History of Civilization” ay Lake Hill, N. Y, and doing hrm% recreation. Hendrik Willem Van | its expression in the rule of Stalin and | the Third Internationale. which, with | | ramifications in every land. is endeaver- ing to destroy all form of government. | 21l social and political order, to uproot |every religion, to banish individual | liberty and to usurp every institution that is nurtured by enlightened, modern and Christian civilization. It is seen. and known to b2, the same outlaw na- tion that it has been from the day that Bolshevism banished *the autocracy of a czar and substituted a reign even more | devastating and ruthless.” Briefly commenting on_the subject. the Spokane Spokesman-Review offers the somewhat objective summary of its views of the situation: “Advocating our recognition of Soviet Russia, Senator | Norris said stingingly the other day that the Soviet government never has de- faulted on a single cbligation, while all but one of America’s allies (little Fin- land) have repudiatad their obligations in whole or in part. It has come to the pass that we are justified in holding up Soviet Russia as an example of financial integrity to the defaulting and repudiat- ing European nations that borrowed oyr billions.” | Possibility that recognition may come | soon is emphasized by the Charleston | (8. C.) Evening Post, pointing cut that | “Mr. Roosevelt is studying the subject.” | The Lexington Leader advises: “Cer-| tainly there should be a thcrough dis- | cussion of points of difference between | the two countries. Some arrangement about the payment of debts should be made, some clear understanding should be had about the use of Soviet propa- ganda in America, and any American properties which have been confiscated should be restored to their rightful own- ership or adequate compensation should be provided for. * * * The United States has recognized dictatorial and tyrranical governments in scores of instances, and does so today. But there should be the most positive-assurances given by Russia finds New York City a comfortable Summer resort, and is there reading proof of his animal fable, “An Elephant Up a Tree,” and gathering material ror his “History Man,” which will undoubtedly be of much in- terest to the average man when it ap- pears. A. P. Tschiffely, author of “Tschiffely’s Ride,” 1s working on a novel in a shack in the woods near | lAnn:m:lu. m:oq'xxh i Cowper Powys is | practicing “Philosophy of Solitude” at his up-State New Yci farm. phia Evening Bulletin offers the com- {ment: “The American Foundation, which has been a persistent pleader and worker for American participation in the World Court. announces a com- mittee ‘to study the relations between H‘Arsu:‘;nned States and’ Sovict Russia.’ ssurance is given that will follow wh!(e\‘i‘r!t el T sr‘(’hindicn‘.ci in ord prehensive and unbiased view I whole situation.' The members%llp"%; lhg commitiee is representative and gives the movement prestize. While the committee is delegated to make an in- quiry.’ there is warrant for inference that the foundation is on its way to the advocacy of Soviet recoznition. Other lines of inquiry er to obtain a com- | happenings are conspiring toward this event.” D — {An American Conversion Loan From the Louisville Courier-Journal A huge conversion loan, not unlike the refinancing operations conducted by the British government last Summer, | i now contemplated by the Roosevelt administrat'on. Plans, as announced at the White House, have already been | made. As in the case of England, there is a double object in view—to remove | the embarrassment of not being able to meet enormous lcng-term bonds when due and to reduce, if possible, the burden of interest on the national debt. The plans of the Government, ac- cording to press reports, contemplate the taking un of $6.268.000.000 worth of Fourth Liberty bonds boaring 41 per cent intercst. These will mature in 1938 and were callable this year. In calling in the securities. the Gov- ernment would offer for them other long-term bonds bearing a cmaller in- terest rate. The substitution would re- ;::; h;n;hlfgnsafl?g (;xf“milllons of dol- y in erest ents, though the interest rate o(p‘:l{:n new | bonds—perhaps scmcthing more than 3 per cent—has not been decided. The British conversion was a notable success. It took up its Victory bonds amounting to more than $10,000,000,000 at par, bearing 5 per cent, and substi- tuted for them securitics bearing 314 g}el: cent. T&e uvlfig in interest rges amounts annually to than $100,000,000. A ————— “Best People.” From the Rechester Times-Union. “Our best pcorle undersiand this §s no time to get rich quick.” Ob the thing to do is,to promote under standing among those who are | Bt P e