Evening Star Newspaper, July 7, 1933, Page 8

A8 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY..... July 7, 1833 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St and Pennsylvania Ave New York Office 110 East 42nd 8t Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Buflding. European Ofice: i t 14 Regent St.. London, neland. Rate by Carrier Within the City. e Evening Star - 45¢ per month e Fvening and Sunday Star days) 60c per month The Sunday Star 5c per copy Collection made at the end of each month Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. afly and Sunday....1yr.$10.00: 1mo., 85c aily only ... T, $6.00: 1mo.. Bunday only .. $4.00; 1mo.. 40c All Other States and Canada. Dafly and Sunday.. 1vr.,$1200; 1mo.§: Dally only .. . 1yr, $8.00: 1mo., Bunday only 1yr. $5.00: 1mo. Member of the Associated Press. 100 8¢ s0c The Associated Press is exclusively entitled | to the use for republication of all news dis« atches cred o it or not otherwise cred: and also the local news d 11 rights of publication of special_dispatches Secretary Hull's Victory. Historians who write of the World Monetary and Econcmic Conference of importance that the right type of man 1933 will be obliged at least to chronicle that it did not easily give up the ghost—that, indeed, it secmed to tivities,. The service itself was not definitely created until 1917. Mr. Camerer’s connection with the organi- zation began two years later. Thus has been maintained a contin- ued tenure of services on the part of men who have had special knowledge of national park requirements, who have maintained a high standard of administrative efficiency and who have worked steadfastly along the line of making the natural wonders of America available for the public view and study and enjoyment. This is an achievement of great value. For all time these scenic marvels and scientific labora- tories are established as the property of the Nation, to give boundless pleas- ure to multitudes and to add to the knowledge of the land of their birth and habitation on the part of the American people. e ——— The Problem at Lorton. Apparently a climax has been reached | at Lorton Reformatory. Continued dis- order has brought to a head the differ- ences between Capt. M. M. Barnard, superintendent of the District penal in- | stitutions, and A. C. Tawse, for nine years superintendent of the prison com- erein _are also reserved | mynity. The latter has resigned and | | the Board of Public Welfare soon must | consider the appointment of his suc- cessor. Obviously, it is of imperative be chosen. Lorton, as every one knows, represents an experiment in penal scciology. The THE EVEN for $200 a share. In the end—or rather in the Fall of 1929—Mr. Taplin agreed to take $170. He saw the storm com- ing which eventually brought stocks crashing and the great depression. Mr. Taplin and his associates, hav- ing cornered the market in the Pitts- burgh & West Virginia stock, made a clever deal which netted them huge profits. The Pennsylvania Railroad, acting through the Pennroad Corpora- tion, believed that it was doing a stroke of business for itself and its stock- holders when it prevented control and ownership of the Pittsburgh & West Virginia from passing into hostile and competitive hands. It is clear, how- ever, that in the transaction the value of the Pittsburgh & West Virginia was enormously inflated, In fact “watered.” Some one in the end has stock. The record of stock watering and in- flated values during the days of the post-war boom 1in this country has been revealed gradually in investigations conducted by the Senate, by the Fed- eral Trade Commission and other agencies. It is a sorry history. This kind of inflation in the values of so- called public utility stocks, including the railroads, which are looked upon as one of the great public utilities, means that the people must dig down operators. It is the kind of thing that be endowed with the proverbial nine institution largely is & reflection of |has given impetus in this country to lives of the cat. On the very threshold of inglorious demise, the conference has been saved, and its rescue is primarily the achievement of the chair- man of the American delegation, Sec- retary of State Cordell Hull. In an appeal which baffled all opposition | Capt. Barnard’s personal philosophy. He has been endeavoring to work out on the reservation a practical doctrine | of human reconstruction; he has been | trying to rebuild human character. The end, of course, was eminently worth attempting. But for its success co-oper- enter the fleld of public utilities, own them and operate them. B e Mattern Survives. Jimmie Mattern is found! Such was the glad news that came flashing half Secretary Hull brought about in the, ation between the idea’s sponsor, lhekw.y around the world this morning. bureau, or steer conference a unanimous decision not to adjourn, but to go on—to go on with g committee, of the reformatory's chief warden and the| | inmates themselves was imperatively necessary. The present situation arose Mattern, missing since June 15 in the course of his attempted flight on the |great circuit, has been located, alive such matters as are debatable mdt from the breakdown of that relation of | and apparently unhurt, at the veritable relegating altogether the gold and stabilization issues which almost brought the conference to dissolution. A resolution to that end incorporates the view of the gold bloc countries that “it is impossible for them to take part in any monetary discussions,” but they concur in the plan to instruct each subcommittee to proceed forthwith to prepare for discussion all other subjects “for the future business of the con- ference” which can in the circum- stances be usefully “studied.” Secretary Hull, ably supported by Premier Bennett of Canada, Viscount Ishii of Japan, spokesmen of the Scandinavian countries, and notably by Mr. Chamberlain, British chancellor of the exchequer, contended that subjects that can still “be usefully studied” are numerous and vital. As to most of them, Secretary Hull declared, “only the surface has been scratched.” Among them he listed primarily the evils of *“economic nationalism” and pleaded for thoroughgoing exploration of ways and means for ameliorating if not eradicat- ing them. The burden of the Hull song—which happily did not turn out to be a swan song—was that the conference dare not wind up end its delegates go home empty-handed just because they failed to surmount the first great crisis which was encountered. The needs of the stricken world for economic relief are far too urgent to permit defeat thus prematurely to be conceded. Cordell Hull is at his best when pleading & cause in the accents of transparent sin- cerity which distinguishes his political conduct, and the American people Will rejoice that at the psychological mo- ment they had & spokesman in London whose personality and program saved the day just when it seemed to be lost. With war debts, tariffs and currency stabilization barred from deliberation at American’ insistence, there may be an * inclination here and there to consider that what is left of the conference is “HamJet” without the melancholy Dane. But it is nevertheless gratifying to know that, thanks to American initia- tive, enough has been salvaged at Lon- don to preserve unity of co-operation along other useful lines. Given the will that brought it about, it should not be beyond the wit and power of world statesmanship to find the way to genuine accomplishment in a variety of substantial directions. — e The “gold bloc” is being clesely scru- tinized for something in processes of trading resembling a gold brick. e e———— The National Park Service. A “separation from the public serv- fce” has just been announced that falls into a different category from most of those that have lately been effected. Horace M. Albright has resigned the position of director of the National Park Service to enter a business em- ployment, after twenty-one years of active duty with the parks. He could have remained at that post had he so desired, but an opportunity for an ad- vantageous change of occupation was presented and he accepted it, upon which he is to be congratulated and the Government is to be commiserated. However, in the change occasioned by this decision the principle of promo- tion in the public service has been maintained and his long-time asso- clate in the organization, Arno B. Cammerer, has been designated to suc: ceed as director, upon which the Gov- | ernment is to be congratulated. The National Pagks Service has de- weloped and preserved the natural won- ders of this country for the benefit of the people. As a result of highly in- telligent and progressive administra- tion of these places, canyons, forests, mountain areas, cataracts, geysers, strange formations, caverns, prehis- toric remains, have been made acces- sible to multitudes. Many millions visit them annually. Highways have been built to permit approach and entry. Accommodations for the comfort and safety of visitors have been provided. ‘These parks and monuments have been thus turned over to the people, for all time. The administration of the National Parks Service has had only two direc- tors, and is now to have its third. Stephen T. Mather was the first. He was virtually the creator of this un- surpassed system of national reserva- tions, and under his administration it developed to almost its present range and value. 1929, he was succeeded by Mr. Albright, who had been attached to the service in 1915 as aide to Mr. Mather, then Upon his death, in January, ; mutual helpfulness and confidence. | Capt. Barnard holds Mr. Tawse respon- sible, Mr. Tawse blames Capt. Barnard. | The public cannot know and probably does not care where the fault really lies. The point about which it is dmurbed; is that of the danger of rioting and other lawlessness in a place where dis- | cipline never should be permitted to| | 1apse. | The outbreaks of ‘Saturday, Sunday and this morning, it is plain, trace back to. mismanagement. There seems | to be no question about men having been permitted to leave the Reforma- | tory for visits to the city and it also appears that mail has been smuggled out. Such breaches of basic regula- | tions are intolerable. They contradict and cancel out the whole purpose of institutional confinement. Whoever sponsored them is guilty of treason to soclety as well as to the best interests of the prisoners not so favored. Granted | that there may be exceptions to any irule, it still remains to be deplored | that it was possible for a pair of boot- leggers to journey up to Washington, call at banks, dine in public restaurants {and take part in a controversy with a policeman. The incident was a shame- less exhibition of foolhardy disregard of elementary considerations of duty. No one will wish to be unjustly critical | of Mr. Tawse, who undoubtedly has done his best for Lorton, but many surely must wonder why the Board of Public Welfare did not take more definite | corrective action in the circumstances. ‘The basic problem at the Reforma- tory seems to be that of the arrange- | ment whereby long-term prisoners are | admitted to a degree of freedom from constraint not customarily accorded such people. The trouble of the plst‘ few days appears to have had its origin | in the effort to reconcile confirmed criminal psychology with Capt. Barn- ard’s humane doctrines. There is a type of felon that cannot be compro- mised with, cannot be treated as ra- tional or repentant. It may be hcped that ngthing may happen to do permanent harm to the gains accomplished at the Reformatory, the good already achieved, but it is patent that there must be serious re- | consideration of the policles in force there. ———s Administration of District of Colum- bia funds calls attention to the fact that | the Nation's Capital, though with noth- ing to put in the ballot box, is always at the recelving teller's window with taxes. ——e—— What is referred to as “isolation” may be only a reversion to the old method of farm life when home land was expected to produce everything the family really needed. — Boom Trading. ‘The sale of 222,930 shares of the stock of the Pittsburgh & West Virginia Railway Co. to the Pennroad Corpora- tion in 1929 at $170 a share when the market price of the stock was $140 or lower throws light on the manner in | which some of the railroad financing of the country was done in the glam- orous days of the great boom. The Pennroad Corporation, it is true, is not in itself a railway compeny. It is a holding company, organized to puschase | and hold railroad stocks. It is essen- tially a Pennsylvania Railrcad concern, however, in whose crganization and set- ap the firm of Kuhn, Loeb & Co. played its part. ‘The purchase of the stock of the Pittsburgh & West Virginia Railway Co. by the Pennroad Corporation was made, it appears from the evidence given be- fore the Senate Banking and Currency Committee, from a syndicate headed by Frank E. Taplin, Cleveland capital- ist, and, indeed, Mr. Taplin and his family made a profit of about $11,000,- 000 on the deal, because they had bought the stock at an average price of $52.50. The deal made so advantageously to | Mr. Taplin and his associates in the | syndicate which controlled about seven- ty-three per cent of the stock of Pitts- | burgh & West Virginia Railway Com- | pany was part apparently- of the plan | of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, | acting through the Pennroad Corpora- | tion, to prevent the Pittsburgh & West Virginia from coming into the possession of the Van Sweringens or other railroad interests in competition with the Pennsylvania. Mr. Taplin conceived the idea of making a big | profit out of the Pittsburgh & West Virginia, and the first syndicate agree- | Jjumping off place of Asia, the extreme northeastern corner of the continent, close to the Bering Sea. It cannot be said that Anadyr Chukotka is a wholly unknown spot on the map, for it was at that place that | Amundsen was located in 1920 after he had been missing for eighteen months in the course of his Polar exploration. It is only a tiny hamlet, located at the mouth of the Anadyr River, on the bay of the same name. Now that it has figured at least twice in the news in the course of thirteen years it may be regarded as “on the map.” Mattern’s flight for a round-world record was a failure when he took off on the leg that was to prove the final one of his venture. auspicious circumstances, setting a re markable pace across the Atlantic, across Europe and well into Asia.” He came to grief in Siberia, damaged his ship and fell behind the record sched- ule. Nevertheless he kept on and was heading for home when something hap- pened. The later dispatches will doubt- less tell the full story. The fact of im- mediate importance is that this brave man is alive and uninjured. These perilous ventures will continue despite the risks, which will grow less with repetition. Round-the-world flying is likely to become an established sport. As it is continued it will lose some of its zest and public interest, and some lives will be lost through plane failures, bad weather and lack of re- the spirit that carries on to establish a new mode of transport against hazards. He will be given a rousing reception on his return home. | ——or—s One of the disagreeable features of divorce in motion picture art circles is | the necessity of evading regular report- ers instead of entertaining press agents. A conference in which no opinions are yielded becomes unimpressive when it begins to resemble only & series of roll calls. o Russia, though mnot formally recog- nized, cannot be prevented from crying her wares and ringing door bells. —————————— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Not Hindering the Pilot. “I'm tryin’ to keep all serene,” Said Hezekiah Bings. “I pause to see the big machine On rollers or on Wwings. I'll maybe get myself a map Which plainly wili reveal The course selected by the chap Who holds the steering wheel, For much too often I have seen ‘What back-seat drivin’ brings. I shall keep silent and serene,” Said Hezekiah Bings. Learning Our Letters. “Some times,” said the conscientious | citizen, “I don’t feel that I know the | A B C of politics.” “You are mnot supposed to” an- swered Senator Scrghum. “Alpha- betically speakin’ we are now most con- cerned with the I O U of politics.” Jud Tunkins says marriages were made in Heaven, but they don't all arrive in first-class condition on earth. Cartography. The road maps now are on display. One route we need is this, That old straight and narrow way That leads to heavenly bliss. Increased Interest. “What is your opinion of women in | politics?” “We have made it more interesting,” answered Miss Cayenne, “by compli- cating questions of currency and finance | still further with those of social| precedence.” “I shall be content,” saild Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “if I can so live as to deserve the compliments that grateful and admiring relatives will carve on my tombstone.” Price Lists. Again 'tis asked throughout the earth “Just how much is & dollar worth?” And until ‘we on this agree How shall we trade across the sea? We are attentive to the price Of cotton, wool and beef and rice, But ask, ‘mid speculative mirth, “Just how much is a dollar worth?” “Always hope foh de best,” said Uncle | ment to deal in the control of the assistant to the Secretary of the In-" railroad was made in 1923. The syn- Wasior in charge of national park ac- dicate held out for & number of years Eben, “but don't let hopin’ prevent you fum workin' honest foh as good as you kin git” - to foot the bill for such watering of | into their jeans to pay the interest | retes and the profits on the “watered” | stock demanded by the owners and | the demand that the Government itself | He had started in | fueling facilities. Mattern represents | G STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., Feathers fallen from favorite bird make excellent bookmarks. Blue and gray of the jay, soft brown of the thrush, brilliant red of the car- dinal— These are some of the colors, from some of the songsters, which come wafting down out of the skies. One must look down, not up, for them. Of the many such feathers we have found, only was one seen to fall. Most of them come loose naturally, no doubt making room for a newer and better feather. Some of them fall free as the result of fighting. * % ko Such feathery found in any suburban section, if one will be careful to look on sidewalks be- neath trees. Not all of them will be so easy to iidentify as those listed. Perhaps only an “expert” in bird life will be able to place some of them correctly. After all, the identification makes little difference; any good, clean bird llnlhtr is a neat bit of nature. The | fastidious person need not shrink. Ex- jamination of these feathers through ;hi(h<powered magnification shows no uncleanliness or life of any kind. A bird feather is an exquisite adap- tation, at the same time it combines | real beauty from the human eyepoint. * ok * Used as a bookmark, the fallen | feather may be placed between the | pages either with the quill end down | or the tip down. The latter method is preferred by those who are finicky about their pre- cious volumes, as it puts a minimum of rib between the sheets of paper. No damage will be done a book either way, however. The booklover, who also happens to {be a nature lover, thus kills two birds | with one stone, to use an old saying. | Happily there is no killing in the mat- ter at all. The fine feather drops from the sky |and would be lost unless the fancier of | things beautiful picked it up. * ok % x As for the necessity for bookmarks, ibooklnvers disagree. e | _One achool of thought declares that | there is no need for such a thing. One ought to know where he “left f,” according to the members of this | school. | They claim that one who reads prop- |o THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. bookmesks can be | pe! unythi:s which meets conditions and helps solve them is weliume. * The reader with a curious turn of mind might put his bluejay feather in a war book, his brown thrush feather in a volume devoted to music and his red bit of cardinal plumage in some lively modern novel. Most of us, however, would not re- serve such feathers for such classifica- tion, but would use them indiscrimi- nately, as the need arose. There should be no hard and fast rules here, nor in reading itself. A “course of reading,” unless under- taken for a lpecmwurpou. is less likely to result in g to the general adult reader than the apparently hap- hazard plan of reading pursued by most rSOns. For the latter is a plan, and it is not as haphazard as it would seem to the critical. It is based upon the life habits of the individual, who really ought to know more about himself by this time than any one else. * ¥ % % If one puts determination into his reading, actually knows what he likes, not just think he does; if he reads be- cause he is interested in what he is reading about, and continues because the book interests him, he will have no particular need for a set “plan” other than his own good desire. He ought to_trust himself to that extent. It may happen that a sincere reader is yet no magician, in this respect, but feels that & certain amount of imagi- nation is lacking in his disposition, and that the help of a tKlln or set course, in reading, is just the thing he needs. He may solemnly go through any one of the famous collections. No one would say a word against that. Such a means toward intelligent personal knowledge of the “world’s best* is also good, if it fits in with a reader’s zerll_‘)'{)enment and basic desires. uttering down from the skies, the! bird feather makes a peculiarly good | bookmark, and an exceptionately ap-| propriate one, we think. Bits of ribbon, especlally when tied to the midrib of the book, somehow ao not seem to belong. They are forever getting in the way when one does not | want them, and at times cannot be found when one does. Everyt! from pieces of wood to| old letters have been used to “mark, one’s place” in a book. Many curlousty wrouggt and intricate ivories, and the | like, have been used; the common fault | of them all is too much thickness. | ‘What we like about the bird’s feather, | | erly has no need for a bookmark, since | he marks his own reading with his own | memory. that this is so much hokum, and noth- ing more, that the more one reads and the better one reads, the more he needs |a mark to save his memory. * ox ox % ‘There is no need, they say, for bur- as well. As for that most numerous book reader, the man who has more than one going at the same time, he would be completely lost without some sort of He would get his characters ‘all mixed up,” to say nothing of con- fusing his economic theories with the lady loves in his “best sellers.” | of those who believe in and use common, everyday bookmark. | It not only has tradition tehind it. | but it meets conditions, and in 1933 ' Meet Nira and Ara, Washington's | heavenly twins, who now bestride the | Federal scene like the Colossus of Rhodes in person. If, despite that fact, you do not recognize them by | | name,”let it be known that Nira and | her sister Ara are, in real life, re-| spectively, the national industrial re- | covery act and the agricultural re-| lief act. Nira and Ara have been| adopted, for breath-saving purposes, | as the semi-official designations of the two vast agencies created by Uncie | Sam to restore prosperity in town and | country. The abbreviations owe their origin to a British cousin. Dora, by which cognomen John Bull's famous war-time defense of the realm act was and is still known. Many in Washington are wondering whether Nira and Ara are destined to survive as long as Dora. Although Dora came into the world 19 years ago, many of the restrictions she imposed on the liberties which the barons wrested from King John at Runnymede persist to this day. * x * Brookings Institution, Washington's economic nerve center, just acrcss from the White House, on Jackson place, will goon fssue its cwn little weekly news sheet, each number dealing in | informative fashion with some specific | phase of the new economic dispensation | in vcgue in the United States and the world. Behind the scenes, since March | 4, the Brookings Institution, of which Dr. Harold G. Moulton is the head, has played a role in Washington of which the general public is little aware. The national industrial recovery act to & considerable extent was incubated there. Occupying a new and stately building of its own, the endowment of Robert S. Brookings, St. Louis multi- millionaire philanthropist, the institu- tion was the scene of the earliest and confidential discussions in March and April, out of which the recovery law eventually grew. Dr. Moulton heads a staff of men and women now recognized | as perhaps the foremost group of re- search specialists in the country in the realms both of economics and foreign affairs. Their volume on the war debts, issued at the end of 1932 under the joint authorship of Dr. Moulton and his col- league, Leo Pasvolsky, is looked upon as the standard treatise on that subject. * X % % President Roosevelt says he's returned to work 7 pounds overweight, but he carries the surplus of avoirdupois with- out the slightest visible trace that it is in any way a discomfort. He plans to get back to 177 pounds of normalcy by systematically starving the inner man. ‘When the President held his first post- vacation press conference on Wednes- day he was the same sparkling, smiling and laughing F. D. R. as of yore. The fact that the London Conference was about to tail-spin to a erash perturbed the Commander in Chief of the New Deal no whit. It becomes increasingly evident that Frarklin Roosevelt is thor- ocughly saturated with a worry-proof temperament and will fight it out along that line all of this strenuous Summer, and as much longer as may be neces- sary. * k¥ x charming young Southern matron, MrA& Hcrben.g éh&ndlel’ of Richmond, Va., is the proud possessor of an auto- graphed portrait of Marshal Henri- Phillippe Petain of Prance, just sent her through M. Jules Henry of the French embassy in Washington. Mrs. Chandler, wife of an Annapolis man and the daughter-in-law of President Chandler of William and Mary Col- lege, was a New Orleans belle of Prench ancestry. When Marshal Petain was in Virginia for the Yorktown celebra- tion in 1931 Mrs. Chandler acted as his interpreter, speaking a fluent French, and the hero of Verdun has now remembered her with a splendid photographic_likeness of himself, gra- ciously inscribed to the blond Amer- ican of Hugenot pedigree. * kX X A story is kicking around town to the effect that Gov. Gifford Pin- chot of Pennsylvania the other day discovered that gaining the presence of a Wasl cabinet officer these days is no child's play. Re- cently the former chief forester of the United States wanted to see his | especially when the tip is placed down | |into the leaves, leaving the thick por- Members of the other school assert ! | dening the mind when a scrap of paper | | —or a feather—will do the trick quite | 1t is all a matter of opinion, but com- | man; mon sense inclines toward the theories | the has a midrib like the book. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. fellow-progressive, Secretary of Agri- culture Wallace. The buffer secretary tion of the feather’s midrib sticking out, | is that there is no unnecessary bulk. * x x x A thin sliver of paper, such as ma be taken off the white edge of & new: Y} aper, makes one of the most useful | kmarks that can be had. It has practically no bulk at all, and answers every purpose, besides costing nothing. For marking several pages | where appropriate sayings or other in- | teresting material is discovered, as one | goes along, nothing is better than a| strip so torn from the margin of a newspaper page. The feather, however, has many In- teresting connections with bookdom. For centuries, as taken from the goose, it was made into a pen, with which| y a masterpiece was written. | is light, like the book page, and Above all, | it has an airy quality, which the be: books, even though about “heavy” sul Jects, ought to give us. It St b- WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS | in Wallace’s office went through the routine form of asking the caller’s business, and when the Governor said it concerned trees. he was informed that the man he really wanted to con- sult was somebody named Jones. The lanky boss of Penn State nearly threw a fit. “Jones be blowed,” or words to that effect, he sputtered. “I know all about him I appointed him to his Job years ago. You get me into Secre- |and to discover how measurements | FRIDAY, JULY 7, 1933. I “As Man Walks” or “As the Crow Flies” To the Editor of The Star: Are the District Commissioners as- piring to be emancipators before quit- ting office? It is reported that meas- ured distance for saloons from schools or churches is to be ascertained here- after “as a man walks” and never- more “as the crow flies. The abolition of this legalistic fic- tion concerning the crow should be ac- claimed as a commendable act of pub- lic humaneness. In all probability, there is no authentic record of the self- crow ever flyl delib- erately to a saloon to quench his thirst or to drown sorrow. It may not be demonstrated satisfactorily that any crow ever flew from church or school to a saloon with “wing meter” at- tachment to record distance traveled. It is doubtful if any denizen of the crow world even walked to a saloon at_any time of his own free will. ‘Therefore, it is eminently fitting that the crow be set free from enslave- ment as a ‘“bar-fiyer” for “three-two beverages, legalized,” or as a twentieth- amendment ntoxication — affiliate.” | Such smart and intelligent neighbors are certainly deserving of their free-| dom, and there should be rejoicing | over the news—if true—that crows are | to be released from thralldom througl an immortal emancipation proclama. tion issued by the Commissioners of the District of Columbia. However, the Commissioners should deliberate considerably before adopting the substitute measuring formula—"as a man walks.” It is all too true that man never has possessed the ability to emancipate himself permanently from the saloon, and quite recently he has been afforded opportunity legally to bind himself still tighter to it. As a| measurer, there may be prejudice or| inclination on man’s part that will| prove decidedly injurious to the pub- | lic_interest involved. For example: As traffic regulations do now or may be made to decree how & man legally may walk, a man might walk 80 feet from a church or school to the corner of a street. cross & 40-foot roadway, and then walk back 80 feet on the opposife side. That/ may be construed to be 200 legal man- walking feet—and the saloon could be located directly opposite the church or school. The way seems wide open for interminable similar constructions to encourage innumerable scandalous evasions of the true purpose of such regulation. At one time there was in this city an Excise Board, with man as the saloon-distance measurer. It would be enlightening if the Commissioners would make inquiries to find out what reputation was acquired by that board, | | | were made—before taking final action on | the proposal to measure “as aman walks.” | The Commissioners never should forget that distance regulations pri- | marily are made to protect the rights of those who are not saloon patrons— to give them reasonable protection from obnoxious sights and disturbing noises near churches and adjacent | property and near schools and ad-| Jjoining grounds where children play— and not to furnish loopholes through which saloon snipers may annihilate or | wipe out all such rights. ! JOSEPH W. CHEYNEY. | Takes Exception to | Letter of Mrs. Yerkes To the Editor of The Star: Please permit me to note a few ex- ceptions to the letter by Mrs. Yerkes, June 30, and also your editorial, “Black Saturday,” July 1. True, it probably was a black Saturday for many Fed- eral workers, but in the name of hu- manity, how many not only “Black Saturdays,” but other days in between, have the poor unfortunate souls of the army of unemployed been through? ‘What is being done should be looked at in the light of the “most good to the greatest number.” If it is the Govern- ment's duty to protect the welfare of its employed, it is no less that Govern- ment's duty to protect the welfare of its 12,000,000 idle. And the population generally is pleased to note that partly because of this Government's deter- mined efforts to spend rot a cent more than it takes in, over 1,600,000 persons have recently found jobs. And these figures are hard to dispute because they come from the A. F. of L. For over three years practically every newspaper the Nation has been editorially | | May 9, 1882. His father was a cantor. | concert stage. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Did you ever write s letter to Fred- eric J. Haskin? You can ask him any question of fact and get the answer in a personal letter. Here is a great educatonal idea introduced into | resigne the lives of the most intelligent people in the world—American newspaper readers. It is a part of that best pur- pose of a newspaper—service. There 17‘;0 cl';.uge :xupt 3 oenuDh‘: coin or stamps for return postage. not use cards. Address Prederic J. Haskin, Director, The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau, Washington, D. C. Q. What is the score for a for- feited ball game?—L. G. K. A. The score of a forfeited game in base ball is 9 to 0; in foot ball, 1 to 0; in basket ball, 3 to 0. Q. What Chinese dialect is spoken in official circles?>—F. P. 8. A. There are a number of different Chinese dialects. For all practical pur- poses Mandarin, the dialect spoken in the old capital, Peking, now known as Peiping, is by far the most important jalect. It is the native speech of he majority of Chinese and the recog- nized vehicle of oral communication between all Chinese officials, even when they come from the same part of the country and speak the same patols. Q. Is the founder of the Lafayette Escadrille livipg?—B. W. A. Norman' ice was killed. Q. What is the special name for a young turkey?—E. A. W. A. Unti! the sex can be dist ed the young domestic turkeys are called “poults”; thereafter, up to 1 year of age, young birds are called cockerels and pullets. Birds over 1 year old are called cocks and hens. Q. Please give a short biogr: Cantor Jose! Rosenblatt.—A. A. The American Hebrew says that | he was born in Bialaceirkov, Russia, | aphy of Josef an to sing at the age of 4. In 1912 he came to America. He was considered the foremost cantor in Europe and North America by thou- | sands of Jews and Gentiles who had heard him in synagogues or on the He died in Palestine | on Sunday, June 18, 1933, where he had gone to participate in some scenes for a motion picture. Q. Should “cannot” be written as one word or two?—IL. C. A. Either is correct. It is written as one word more often than as two. Q. Who were the seven best col- orists selected by Ruskin?—I. H. C. A. Ruskin in a footnote says that there have been only seven supreme | colorists whose works exist. They are | Giorgione, Titian, Veronese, Tintoretto, | Correggio, Reynolds and Turner. . What year did President Roose- velt graduate from Harvard?—D. M. A. He got his A. B. in 1904. Q. What is the crest on the State flag of Maryland?—H. D. A. A. This flag is striking in design and in its history. ,Although it was not offi- cially adopted until 1904, it has been in continuous use since the early days of | the proprietary government of Mary- land. It represents the escutcheon of the paternal coat of srms of Lord | Baltimore. Q. Please give the dimensions of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington—M. D. A. Height at front, 8 feet 4 inches; height at back, 10 feet 4 inches; width at base, 9 feet; length at base, 14 feet 11 inches. Q Who is the new Minister of Portugal>—N. H A. No one has yet been appointed. The first secretary, Senhor H. Gabriel da Silva, has acted as charge d'affaires since May 12, when the former Minister ed. The Viscount d'Alte (Jose de Horta Machado da Franca, Visconde d’Alte) was Minister of Portugal to th> United States from May 1, 1902, to May 13, 1933. He is now honorary counselor of the legation of Portugal. Q. How much whisky was sold last year on doctors’ prescriptions?—B. M. H. A. In 1932 there were 880,337.02 wine gallons of whisky sold on physi- cians’ prescriptions. This total was divided by 7,350,564 prescriptions. Q. How early was engraving on metal known?—C. L. H. A. Its origin is lost in antiquity. In the Bible, in Exodus, there is mention of & Jlm of pure gold on which was graved “Holy to the Lord.” Q. How did Johns Hopkins come by the first name, Johns? Did he leave any descendants?>—K. B. A. His given name, Johns, comes from an old Maryland family of that name of which he was a descendant. Johns Hopkins never married. Q. Were baby carriages used in Colonial days?—J. A. A. There seems to be no record of their use in this country before the middle of the nineteenth century. Q. In contract bridge, is it a re- flection upon the system of bidding when a slam is made which has not been bid?>—S. W. C. A. Probably 75 per cent of slams which are made were not biddable. The mponenu use different tactics against bids, setting the contract at once when possible. With a lower contract, in an effort to defeat the bid, tricks are sacrificed which may lead to a slam. There are many other contributing fac- tors to explain the discrepancy. Q. What is demography?—G. R. A. In a broad sense it has been de- fined as the sclence of statistics applied to questions concerning the social well being of the people. In a narrow sense it deals exclusively with vital statistics. Q. Does the Vice President have a vote in the Senate?>—R. V. T. A. The Vice President is the presi- dent of the Senate, and as such, in case of a tie, casts the deciding vote. At no other time does he have a vote. Q. Please give a few facts about Dr. Vizetelly, editor of the Lexicographer's (E:u% Chair in the Literary Digest.— A. Prank (Francis) Horace Vizetelly was born in London in 1864, son of Henry Richard Vizetelly. From 1883- 1891 he was connected with the pub- lishing house of Vizetelly & Co. Com- ing to New York in 1891 he joined the Funk & Wagnalls Co. as a member of its editorial staff and as assistant edi- tor of the Standard Dictionary, of which he became managing editor in 1908 and, following the death of Dr. I. K. Funk in 1912, editor. He is the author of nu- merous books. Q. What does Mizpah mean?—F. A. Mizpah is a Hebrew word mean- ing literally “watchtower.” It is used both as a place name in ancient Palestine and as a part- ing salutation in modern usage, both senses coming from fits use in the Book of Genesis. It is the scene of the parting between Jacob and his father- in-law, Laban. “And Laban said, ‘This heap (of stones) is witness between thee and me this day.’ Therfore was the name of it called Galleed and Mizpah, for he said, ‘Jehovah watcl between me and thee, when we are ab sent one from another.’” :Child-Lab—(v)-r 7]73311 Surprises Country After Long Battl Previous objection to Federal interfer- | ence with labor matters in the States is in strong contrast, as viewed by the public, to the ease with which child tary Wallace's office in three minutes, | “harping” upon the absolute necessity | labor has been abolished through the see!” Pinchot got in. * x ox % Secretary of the Interior Ickes a day ! or two ago had the experience of losing | his way in the endless corridors of the Department of Commerce Building. A group of newspaper men discovered him | in the midst of an effort to find an ele- | fir vator or a stairway that would lead him | to a part of the outside, where his car | was parked. After being shown a con- | venient exit, Ickes said to the reporters: | “Send a telegram to Mr. Hoover and tell him that the Secretary of the Inte- | rior got lost in his buflding.” * % % x As has been sald of other good men, | you just can't keep these Columbia pro- fessors down. Following the lead of | Washington, Havana has just drafted: one of the ¢hining lights of Dr. Nicho- las Murray Butler's citadel of culture for the purpose of formulating a new election law for Cuba. He is Prof. Howard Lee McBain, dean of the grad- uate faculties at Columbia since 1929. His specialty is political science and | constitutional law. Dr. McBain, Ca- nadian by birth, is actively co-ope with Ambassador Sumner Welles in the effort to bring peace between President | Machado and the Cuban revolutionary- reform group. Dr. McBain was a con- | fere of Profs. Moley, Tugwell and Berle at Columbia, | * x x % A young woman of no importance to any one but her family and immediate | circle of friends was entering the Emer- gency Hospital not long ago when Mrs. Roosevelt started to leave by the same door. The former backed away to give the First Lady priority. “Oh, I wish you wouldn’t do that,” said Mrs. Roose- velt. “I don't want to be treated any differently than anybody else.” Then Mrs. Roosevelt asked the nature of the young woman's errand at the hospital, to find that her younger brother was recelving bone-grafting treatments for infantile paralysis. Mrs. Roosevelt was immediately interested and at once re- lated briefly the treatments undergone at cne time by the President. Thereupon the First Lady revealed that she had been to the hospital to see an old lady, a friend of many years 8go, now in des- titute circumstances and ill in a ward. Under Mrs. Roosevelt’s guidance, she was being transferred to a private room, and the President's wife had come to superintend the proceedings. * * % % When Cordell Hull was appointed Secretary of State this observer asked a Senatorial colieague of the Tennes- sean what the latter's chief qualifica- tion for the State Department was. Came the instant reply: “His sincerity.” It was Hull's compelling sincerity that won the day at London on Thursday and saved the conference from prema- ture death. Throughout the Secretary of State'’s | long congressional career his inveterate genuineness of view and purpose was his distinguishing trait. Combined with a modesty of bearing and studious habit of mind, plus a slow and quiet manner of speech, Judge Hull's con- freres in Washington always felt that he was ruggedly honest in any attitude be ever took, and it seldom failed to carry weight even with opponents. A year ago, at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago, it fell to Hull's lot to present and argue the dry nority report of the Committee on Reso- lutions. He faced a hostile, sopping wet convention and did not prevail. Heard by tens of thousands who dis- agreed with him, they felt instinctively, nevertheless, that they were listening to & man of profoundly sincere convic- tions, and his reception was co nd- ingly respectful. Secretary Hull has just shown at London that common honesty,- reflected in a statesman of his personality, still has uses in diplo- macy. ting | sent to each person eligible for ap- | to make selections for filling the first | jward his werds. of a balanced budget. and now after a sight our | Y. “We didn't | know it would hurt that much.” Well, | the answer to that is “balance the budget without pain if possible, but balance the budget.” Now as to this “terrible” thing of | married workers and retiring those eligible to retire, the only fault I find with thst is that it should have been done a long time ago. | Mrs. Yerkes says some of these fired” married persons have invalid | relatives. In such cases it is highly regrettable, but at least one member of such a family is earning money. wonder how many cases of invalidism | there are among the Nation's idle, and many of those taking care of those in- valids haven't seen & dollar for many | months. Mrs. Yerkes says all these married workers were given their jobs by civil service ratings and not by political ‘pull.” I hope that is true, but there is a lot of room there for an argument. For example, let us look at paragraph 5 on the back of report of ratings pointment by civil service. She says one who rated higher would have been | given the job. Paragraph 5 savs: “*Upon the establishment of registers for a | post office, coples are furnished the | postmaster from which he is required vacancy from not more than the high- est three names on the appropriate register, and for the next, and any ad- ditional vacancies, from not more than the highest three remaining which have not been within his reach for three separate vacancies.” It is not mandatory that the highest name be selected. The commission cannot in- terfere with the proper exercise of the discretion vested in the appointing officers by rules which permit them to select for appointment any one of the three names certified. Since this is the day of closing “loop- holes,” I submit that in fairness to all this one should be closed. Because it is an open invitation, since human nature is what it is, for those in charge of appointments to take advantage of what this “loophole” has to offer. Much has been written of late about the merit system, but I fail to see its merit when a person with a lower rating can be appointed ahead of the person with the highest rating. Is it not reasonable to assume that the one making the highest rating is not only more efficient and more intelligent but the one best qualified for the job? Much has been written about the “spoils syste this isn’'t & case of the “spoils system” t the symptoms of a case of “spoilitis So the moral of this is, “Let’s live and let live” . J. J. CRAWFORD. ———————— Capt. Barnard Praised as Humane Prison Warden To the Editor of The Star: I have just finished reading your “editorial” entitled. “Trouble at Lor- ton.” In this connection I am glad to be able to indorse all you say. Capt. M. M. Barnard is beyond a doubt the most humane prison warden in all the world. He is the best friend to the convict I have been able to find. He is interested in making the prison a decent place for a man to live who has found himself in conflict with law and soclety. He is also interested in the convict when he gets out of prison. He is interested in the families of men serving time. ~As president of the Prisoners’ Relief Society I have had a chance to know all about the man Barnard and I commend him as an honest man with a purpose to- He done well in the proper management of the insti- |suddenly consented some years ago, child code for the cotton textile industry. An amendment to_the Constitution has been pending several years, but has progressed so slowly that its success has been | doubted. The amendment was offered | because of a Supreme Court decision adverse to Federal legislation on the | subject. | “For more than a decade and a hallf, says the Baltimore Sun, “the textile in- | dustry on the one side and the labor | organizations and reformers on the other | have been at loggerheads over the ques- tion of prohibiting child labor by Na- tion-wide fiat. Now, at the very outset‘ of the new deal, the textile operators | march up to Hugh S. Johnson, the czar | of the industrial recovery act, and say they are perfectly willing to rule child labor out in the new code. It is almost breath-taking. However, it may still be argued that acquiecsence in this provi- sion is negligible, since a minimum wege tends to make the employment of | children impracticable anyway. And that point is well taken. It may also be | argued, for that matter, that the ac- | ceptance means nothing, since authority to enforce a ban against child labor may be lacking under the court decisions on this subject. The reasoning as to au- thority to enforce such a regulation under the recovery act is important and may come decidedly to the front later on if any operator balks.” “Every President for a quarter cen- tury,” according to the Topeka Daily pital, “has urged abolishment of child abor by amendment of the Federal Con- stitution, but industrial States have 1efused to ratify the amendment, Kan- sas among them.” The Capital feels that “it is gratifying that the action taken voluntarily by employers,” and declares furthe Like abolishment of the 12-hour day, to which the steel trust, vowing it would never consent, labor is now suddenly renounced by the cotton industry by voluntary action. It is the first victory for the industrial re- covery act, to which must be given full credit for it. Child labor just caved in when labor, capital and Government sat down to consult upon & code for indus- try. It was too obvious that no reputable code for business could tolerste such an anomaly as exploitation of children in machine labor.” “Opposition to the amendment, cords the Boston Transcript, “has not arisen so much from a desire to employ children in the mills as from a reluc- tance to lodge with the Federal Gov- ernment so much power over industry. that and the fear that such Yegislation as Congress might enact might| prove discriminative against State, one way or the other. however, in the twinkling an eye, such a tremendous revo- lutionary change has taken place that not only are certaln groups of manu- facturers eagerly consulting with the Federal authorities, seeking approval of ‘codes’ by means of which to regulate | their business, but F. C. Dumaine, head | of one of the largest manufacturing | planis in New England., remarks to| Hugh 8. Johnson, the Federal adminis- trator: ‘It's high time an industry in- capable of intelligently managing its affairs should be forced to accept out- side control’ Verily, the great social revolution that is taking place is pro- Vldlr;x yardsticks for its own measure- ment.” “It is hoped that the ban will sur- vive the emergency and become a fixed rule,” declares the Charleston (8. C.) Evening Post, feeling that “undoubtedly | child labor in the cotton mills is un- | desirable.” The Y wn Vindicator believes that “it will be pretty hard to bring back, once both sides have ad- mitted that it is undesirable,” while the Jersey City Journal avers that this ac- tion “means that whatever base scale of wages is agreed upon will have a much better chance of being actually lived up to.” The Glendale (Calif.) tutions he is connected with. E. E. DUDDING. low wages, observes that “there is | growing tendency to remember that t! laborer is worthy of his or her hire.” The Abilene Reporter holds that the new textile code does nothing more than make child labor impossible, it will have proved its value to our civili- zation. e Akron Beacon Journal avers that “Gen. Johnson has the power of enforcement and will restrain the employers who were eager to profit from that inhuman system.” The Rochester ‘Times-Union remarks that “when men and women want and need jobs, the evil of child labor is greater than ever.” ‘The Hartford Times hails “new protec- tion thrown around voungsters whose jobs should go to their fathers and older brothers.” Considering the ethical side of the question, the Springfield (Mass) Re- publican offers the opinion: “The inti- mate relations between the ban on child labor and education should not be ig- nored. If children under 16 are not to be allowed to work in the factories. as the new industrial codes are providing, the place for those children is at school. Yet the tendency is to shorten and slow up school, in some States the number of school weeks a year having been cut 10 to 20 per cent. The two tendencies cannot be reconciled. It is worse than izconsistency to take children from in- dhistry and throw them into sheer idle- ness; it is a social crime. ——— Merger of Civil Service Positions Is Questioned ‘To the Editor of The Star: By what process of reasoning has the conclusion been reached that the duties of chief examiner and those of secre- is | tary of the Civil Service Commission may well be combined in one office? In the first place, the qualifications eeded in the two positions are essen- tially dissimilar. A person may be superbly equipped for the office of sec- retary and yet possess scarcely any equipment for the position of chief ex- aminer, which latter place calls for the supervision and appraisal of tests em- bodied in hundreds of different exami- nations, ranging practically the entire gamut of useful knowledge, for today it is a difficult task to name educational qualifications which are not needed in some one of the tens of thousands of . | positions in the Federal service—clerical scientific, pedagogic, technological, in. dustrial, legal, etc. A secretary might be most efficient, as such, and yet have no acquaintance with the higher mathematics, the physi- cal sciences, mechanics and industrial sessments and partisan activity, salaries veteran preference, transfers and rein statements. ‘Then, too, the volume of work inc~ dent to both positions is truly huge i~ normal times, requiring a large foree, for the work of the Civil Service Com-| mission affects nearly every position un- der the Federal Government, even when| not classified, and the volume of neces-| sary correspondence is very great. Under these circumstances, what jus-| tification exists for combining these two positions? It is reported that the Brookings Institute recommends th course, but we are told that great Jo'¢ himself nods at times. GEORGE A. WARREN. oot Stabilization. From the San Antonio Express. One can only hope the London Ec | nomic Ccnference will have better lu: with stabilization than Farm Board. Sdiine pyse: A Syllabic Difference. Prom the Omaha Evening World-Herald. The Federal camps for j<bless wom are not to be a part of the Ccnmvm; News-Press, giving special attention to t.he:'smoyfil:nt ol!wm at similar ( . The conversation corps, per