Evening Star Newspaper, May 30, 1933, Page 8

"A-S8 ¢ THE EVENING STAR __With Sunday Morning Edition. _ WASHINGTON, D. C. WUESDAY. .May 30, 1933 . Editor THEODORE W. NOYES The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office /-TH\E.éVENIXG STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., TUESDAY, MAY 30, 1933. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Japanese troops patrol Peiping, ancient capital of China, whence they dominate a vast area over which the ineffectual Nationalist government at Nanking pro- public works program? What about farm mortgages and home mortgages, for which means of refinancing are | being provided by action of Congress? The task that lies ahead of the Presi- | fessedly holds sway. | dent is crushing in its magnitude. He| President Roosevelt, painfully aware i has been able to secure from CongresS of these unfortuitous circumstances in the needed authority for dealing with ! Europe and Asia, bids his London dele- i these problems of tremendous interest | gates Godspeed in no spirit of mis- Publication of “The Reader's Guide to Everyman's Library,” as the 889th volume of that famous series, will | boy of those days, was not satisfied | to receive his mental fare forever from | |the lending libraries, however. If he NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM Margaret Germond. BEHIND THESE WALLS. By JamesR. Winning. New York: The Macmil- lan Co. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘This is a special nt devoted solely to the handling of queries. This paper puts at your disposal the services of an extensive organization in Wash- fleld in 1798 until 1928, about $320,- 000,000 had been expended. Q. Are Maxim silencers now made?— L. J. P. | to the people. It will remain for him | guided optimism. He expects of them | awaken memories in thousands. were worth his mind, he wanted books | n | nusylvania Av New York Ofce: 110 East 42nc St | to use those powers and to use them Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Buildine. European Office: 14 Regent St.. Lo; England. Rate by Carrier Within the City. r ......45¢ per month Sunday’ Star 3 60c per month | wisely or to refrain from using them. | Administration under all the circum- “s!nm‘(‘s will require iron in the Execu- {tive. The President has repeatedly | shown both courage amd acumen since | that they will but do their “best.” It | is a thousand pities their prospects are not brighter. Being what they are, the American people must steel them- selves for disappointments rather than | millennial results at London. They day Star . ermontn | his inauguration. The months that lie 5c per copy | ahead are likely to demand the exercise d of each month. | Orders mav be sent mail or telephone | of both to a great degree. DCoul BN S T Signs are not lacking that actual im- Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. | provement in conditions is on the way. The Sunday Star Collection made at th Maryland and Virginia, mo.. 83¢ 30¢ ! There is a more hopeful atmosphere | must realize above all that the United States' unreadiness to make any war | debt revision commitments on the eve | of the payments which are due June 15, but unlikely to be _forthcoming, | hangs over the conference like a pall. | After all, the suc- Memories of a youngster who used to be, and who still is, in a way, but who nevertheless s quite lost over the years. The personal libraries of many young men began with the smallish, cheap they sold for 35 cents a copy. ‘When the desire for wisdom was far in advance of the size of one's pocket- book, that was when the Everyman classics, as edited by Ernest Rhys, made their greatest appeal. Many a larger, more magnificent and vastly more costly volume, perhaps, has | | | gone” into the home library since, but books in Everyman’s, in the days when | Daile and Sundas....1yr. $10.00. Dailv only 1sr 1 Bunday only .. Swr. 1 among the people. $4.00: +40¢ | cess of the recovery plans rests as much | Our European debtors are in sullen the significant thing is that never has | mood toward an America seeking eco- | small books been ousted. All Other States and Canada. and Sunday $12.00: 1 m only 3800 day only . $5.00. $100 8¢ 50c 1mo. 1mo. Member of the Associated Press. e Associated Press is exclusivel ise for republication of @ ited to it or not and_als Al i Memcrial day is an occasion of vari- upon the shoulders of the people as it | nomic happiness and a square deal in | | the world while remaining an Amer- | | ica stubbornly disinclined, in European opinion, to take the one, long, essential step leading to such results. To what extent, under all these de- pressing concomitants, American hopes does upcn the administration. They, the people, must play their part, or all the laws in the world will not help them. ——— Mr. Farley's Personnel Policy. a copy of the PR It is safe to say that every reader who has had the genuine good fortune to be able to keep his books from child- hood days retains all of his old love for these smaller volumes, with their | capable bindings, their too small mar- | gins and their careful editing. Other publications may have been Harllee Branch, executive assistant to the Postmaster General, brought com- forting hope to the mecting of the | postal organization in Florida today when he told them of the department’s of agreements for exchange and cur- rency stabilization, abolition of trade embargoes like quota restrictions, if not reciprocal treaties. and some form of prolonged tariff truce can be re- disposed_of, by gift or otherwise. but | the various coples in the Everyman series still do duty on the home shelves. | One was not ashamed of them, then, | when one had no others, and today, | even in the presence of ornate things, | with super-wide margins and very large of his own. Upon occasion, as we note an utter absence of this desire in some of the young men of the present day, we fall to wondering whether that desire for the personal possession of books of one’s own was not a sort of keynote to the characters of those boys. ok When such a young. fellow emassed as much as 35 cents of his own money it was as likely as not to go into an Everyman, perhaps the first volume of the three which made up the set of Montaigne. Or he may have purchased Maz- zini's “Rights of Man,” or Spinoza's “Ethics,” or similar “heavy” work. He, the Everyman, tem- porized with worth. It gave him the best it could find, according to Iits light. The universal catering to the desire for “easy reading” had not been heard in the land. when the house of Dutton (in this country) brought out the first Everyman issues. ‘There was no compromise with taste, | no more than and has never been, as far as we have | been able to see. Of the making of books there is no end, and every person or group of persons will have personal ideas as to what constitutes a *good book,” but in the main the evaluations as contained in this and similar Punishment for crime and for lesser | to serve you in any capacity ‘This serv- ingtor that relates to information. infractions of the law is as old as the|ice is free. Failure to make use of it human race. From the time that man |deprives you %kn'&tf,‘m;,h’f,h ot i |are entitled. Yo became conscious of himself and of his : 3 cents in coin or“:nmpc inclosed w,"y, relations with others of his kind he|your inquiry d{sm direct “l',xl‘ry{ il'o not | use post cards. Address e el 8 has felt himself righteously justified ln!s“r Ticrrietion =) Hedefllcm‘.]. ous aspects and it may be approached |, )oo ynger the new administration re- from many different psychologlcal ooqine economy. His outline of this angles. s most obvious significance. | oyee "o be of great interest in of course, is that of & time set APATL| ywocningion, where every department is for the corpors - and institutional ex- | faced with the necessity of making re- | pression of the I...ion’s gratitude to its | fallen sons, of affection and appre- ductions. And it would be good news to learn that other departments, instead alized Is decidedly on the knees of the | gods. Secretary Hull, Senator Pitt- {man and the other members of this peace A. E. F. to invade Europe carry with them the prayers and the trust of all their countrymen. We realize the immensity and complexity of their task. “libraries” are very good. ciation for their memory. But as the |, piacing such great emphasis upon years pass the public concept eXpands|tne manner in which they may get rid |1f it prove beyond accomplishment at | thelr hands the Government and the | * x x Where else, then or now, could one find so many of the titles one wanted? A quarter of a century, and more, in a fast-moving world, in which human- ity seems to be moving faster than ever | (one wonders if it is, maybe it is just noiser), might have been expected to| have made more difference, in our es-| timation of book values, than the years type, one values his Everyman editions. | * to include an increasing number of | of personnel, would devote most of their others who have served their COUNtIY'S attention to methods by which person- good until at last all dedicated. EENETOUS | nel may be saved from wholesale dis- seem to have made. While the Everyman library is pat- ently a Victorian choice, 50 many of its inclusions are timeless, certainly, citizens of the United States will be | inclined to believe that it is an in- | | surmountable task though no fault of | and unselfish lives may be admitted to the roster of those commemoratively | honered. A day of war, it brings to mind the horror of fields of carnage. The im- agination conjures up brave armies Jocked in struggle, battling for sacred national ideals, willingly offering all that men may give that those ideals may survive and prosper. The broken earth, the tortured sky, the shriek of shells, the rattle of musketry in repeated wvolly the cries of the wounded and dying—all these terrible sights and charges in the name of economy. The Postmaster General's message to the Florida meeting was that he pro- poses to deal with the situation brought ours, but purely because the world's devastating plight has not yet driven it to a point where even its bitter needs dominate its ancient grudges and in- about by necessity for savings “in such | vincible animosities.~ Come what may, a way that no Civil Service employe | President Roosevelt will have no rea- under the Post Office Department who | son for shame or regret. He will have | has been diligent and efficient in the | offered American leadership in a worthy discharge of his duties will lose his|cause, even though he be doomed to position as the result of the adminis- | have pointed the way in vain. | tration's so-called economy program.” | SO | Mr. Branch revealed that the Post| Office Department has received economy | suggestions by the hundreds, but they R A little allotment of pre-profit stock | was made to Charles Lindbergh, but the | visitors from Wall Strect are not such | | plenty of aspirations an speak of knew but two places to go to| as many as other collections, twent five years from now, show, we doubt not. For Montaigne's “Essays” certainly will be as delightful a quarter of a entury hence as they were in 1906, the vear the Everyman collection began. ok % % In those years, school days for so many of us, the youn, no money to find the books he craved. The first was the Public Library and the second the store which stocked the Everyman. to save the sizable sum of 35 cents it went forthwith into an Everyman. will be able to' fellow with | Every time one managed | sounds are represented in the tragic) all boiled down to the same thing— picture, fearsome to ponder. But over | | aviation enthusiasts as to use anything Between such_times, however, there was always the Public Library, then as It has been said that a man might spend a comfortable reading life on a desert island with no more than the Everyman, the Modern and the Oxford world classics. This is true, but it must not be for- gotten that many volumes of the latter are already in the first and that, of the books in the modern library, some yet have to be tested over the years, | while even this essentially “modern” | collection has most properly gone back to Boswell's “Life of Samuel Johnson,” Gibbon’s “Rome" novels, titles Everyman. and Jane Austen’s long included in the *oxox ok The Everyman format was designed for a nation which liked ‘“porket- sized” books. In England, the birth- | place of this series, it was preferred. In America there has never been such a vogue. This “library” was popular here, not because it was small, but because it was cheap, and furnished the younger book lovers with a real opportunity to |own books of their own, in a wide | choice. Our belief is that it still must con- tinue to function along that line. With the vogue, during the past five years, for the so-called “dollar books,” which |MOW occupy so many tables in every them, canceling them, runs the thcught of the heroism they imply, the grandeur of the sacrifice they entail. A day of peace, it likewise prompts renewed thanksgiving for the security, harmony and freedom which the dead have earned for the living. The heart, conscious of the debt, throbs with acknowledgment of the benefaction | which they have bestowed. the blessing which they have conferred, and the mind, no Jess aware of the obligation, soberly faces the problem of prevent- ing further armed strife, of banishing fratricidal conflict from the world. A day of patriotism, it challenges the attention for its demand upon each citizen, its implied prescription that each individual career shall be of use | and value to the national welfare. Perhaps it is in this regard that it has “the elimination of people from the |put & plain old locomotive i : | post office pay roll by hundreds of |y, nndpfrom w.mumucn,eni.1 gmlmg | thousands.” Mr. Farley has insisted, S | said Mr. Branch, that retrenchment be| 290 | brought about “without interference | Admiral Grayson joined the presiden- | with essential postal facilities and with- | {21 Party on the Sequoia, but it is a | out wholesale dismissal of employes;“mc carly perhaps to assume that he | | Who had devoted their lives to the "% 100king for any chance suggestions (B |as to details for the next inauguration His first step in making this policy ProsTam- | effective was the legislation, now con- | | tained in the independent offices appro- | The world rejoices that Mahatma | priation bili, by which the departments | Gandhi survived his fast, although his |are authorized to “rotate” employment | cxperience may have lttle practical | through furloughs. Other steps con- | Value excepting to those interested in | | templated to save work and jobs will be ,’ knowing how far it is safe to go in by voluntary retirement, by cutting down reducing weight. | the hours of labor and by lowering the P |allowances to rural mail carrlers—and | Boundaries of Europe sre causing | not by dismissals.” | doubt as to whether the revised map | Mr. Branch points out that the de- | may not be regarded as a sort of jig-saw | partment loses about 400 employes & |puzzle to be reassembled eventually | r———— e ‘including this old standard, but we | wonder about the juvenile attendance. | Public Library, | tories, of which we have given but even though they never admit it. now. We understand that during the past three years there has been a tre- mendous growth in the attendance at the various public reading institutions, | bookstore, ‘the Everyman series seem | even smaller. Nor is there a very great difference | in price, even with the recent reduc- | tion. What still appeals, as it has in 3 the past, and as we hope it will con- It always was large. tinue to do, is the remarkable variety, Many a small boy In the past tackled | the long range of literature covered, without hesitation ~Prescott’s “With | the air of essential wisdom and com- Cortez in Mexico.” as found at the | mon sense which may be found in the and other mree-vclume}select\ons. which know that youth dares all—even the best. * k%N | It is, thank heaven, a young man’s It is impossible to believe that boys | library still, one suited to the size of and young men were any different | his purse, as well as to the yearning then, although no doubt the lack of | desire for knowledge which imbues him. movies may have impelled them into In the Springtime of life one is seldom a more extensive search for action and | sarcastic and never filled with the movement in literature. | sense of futility, which, unhappily, over- What appealed about those long his- | comes so many in their later years, The one example. was the color and life | books in the Everyman library are they “played up,” as we would say | good books, picked at random out of now. There was something in them |the world's literature of the past. Let for the boyish imagination. | the future take care of its own A boy, and especially the high school | “libraries.” works. most compelling signification—it sum- | mons the rank and file of the land to ‘:°"”‘ ‘:‘ffluzh normal separations from labor and live in obedience to me‘d‘et;'" “1- "s;’"l"t from retirement, noblest of ideals. It scorns lip-service, | 4cath, resignations and removal for | claiming instead honest, sincere and | C3US¢: The strict enforcement of the unfaltering dedication. No other date |POlCY Rot to fill any of these vacancies | in the calendar makes a more drastic ecomes an enormous help in reducing | requisition upon the soul. | personnel without discharges. It has | A day of mourning, it calls for sorrow | been estimated that the total losses | for the lost. But a day of joy, it pro- through normal separations throughout 8 oo ] " motes exultation in the knowledge that | the entire Government service approxi- hen need was for immolation there | M€ 40000 & year. The policy of non- | were men courageous enough and gal |1l of vacancles, strictly followed, Jant enough to respond. |ought to help elsewhere as much as it | Above all a day of consecration, a day | 0% %l the postel service in the preven- | of prayer, a day to pledge renewed al- e Mr. Farley is the only one of the; legiance, it gives opportunity for the | 7 : expression of brotherhood and love for | d¢Partmental heads in Washington who | ] oz has publicly announced a policy of not | living and dead alike. This year, esPe- 4ioparoing personnel in carrying out clally, Memorial day has a most deeply | 0" angate of the budget-trimmers, | solemn :“““}“-u :‘1’“3“(:”;"‘“"’”“ e If he can continue this policy he will | membered gave "the last full measure ... mage one of the greatest single of devotion” to maintain ayd preserve | coniriputions to economy in the Gov- | ®gain is threatened. All the millions | o pyene service. For economy ceases | who honor their consecrated example to become economy Wwhen horizontal must accept the obligation to see 0 it | gaqes in appropriations merely throw | that they have not suffered and died piore people out of work. It is as| $n vain. important to save jobs as it is to save | money. The success of Mr. Farley's policy will be watched with great | ! interest. | B ‘There is no great excitement about Becretary Woodin's tepure of office. An occasional resignation rumor is some- thing a cabinet has to get used to these days r——— In spite of all the accounts that J. P. Morgan was required to keep, he man- | aged to balance his budget and still | have something left over. ——— | Administration. Within two weeks, according to the plans of President Roosevelt and the administration leaders in Congress, the | have both received bundles of anony- | special session of the 73d Congress is | mous letters. Fan mail is as unreliable | to end. It is their expectation that the | in politics and finance as it is in radio. | program for recovery, so far as legis- m———— lation is concerned, will have been com-| Many Japanese think that China | pleted by June 10. If their hopes and | needs guidance and that the best thing | expectations are correct in this matter, for the old empire will be to go along | the Congress will have put througn peaceabl: | legislativq measures of vast importance - A—pot a few, but many—in a session lasting only three months almost to a day. The speed and precision with which the administration forces in the Congress have advanced the program are | remarkable. It is the result practically | of an abandonment of party politics end a willingness on the part of ail members of Congress not to impede the progress of legislation. It has been | Senator Glass and Prosecutor Pecora ———— The London Conference. Within twenty-four hours America’s delegation to the World Monetary and | Economic Conference at London will| be on the high seas bound for the opening ceremonies on June 12. Seldom has the way been paved to an inter- national conference with more pains- taking care, an effort in which the possible because of the great desire of the country that “something be done,” and because of the backing given Presi- gdent Roosevelt throughout the country When Congress has completed its Job and retreated from Washington for the Summer, the whole task of aiding in recovery will fall upon the shoulders of the administration. This in reality eans the President. He has been gl the widest powers by Congress to control the banks, industry, rail- roads and agriculture. He has au- thority to inflate the currency to an extent that it has never before been inflated in the history of the United States. What he going to do sbout it? Probably never has a President of the United States been wished success by a greater number of the people. Irre- spective of politics, the people wish to see the Roosevelt administration succeed. How far will currency inflation be is permitted by the administration to go, | London Conference, add anything to the | and if inflation is started, can it be [sum of international hope and confi- This is only one of the |dence. questions which are soon to be calling | assembles, as the original Geneva Dis- To what extent is the armament Conference did in February, designated the mountain laurel as the controlled? for answers. Government to control and direct in-| 1932, under a world cloud originating How far is the adrministra- | in the remote Par East. tion th proceed With ila $3.200000.000 Muns Were Joaring at Shanghal Now, 7l custry? President of the United States took a practical lead. Yet it is unfortunately | undeniable that the nations will fore- | according to the original pattern. — <o School teachers in various parts of | the country are frankly suggesting that without class legislation of the proper kind there may be no classes. o SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. How Often! How often, oh, how often You pay a swagger foe To sit somewhere out in the glare For other folks to see! How often, oh, how often You force yourself to eat, Likewise to drink, Because you think It is your turn to treat! How often, oh, how often Your bank roll runs to seed Because you pay For “con” display Instead of things you need. How often, oh, how often A bluff you make anew And learn that those For whom you pose Are mostly bluffing, too. Next Question. “What is the next question to be pro- pounded in this investigation?” “Same as usual, T suppose,” answered Senator Sorghum. “What are we doing to do about it?” Jud Tunkins says he does mot be- lieve half he hears, but he wishes the half he does believe didn't so often happen to be the worse half. Reckless Lavishness. Thus spoke the old campaigner gruff “This liberal collection Of scandal may not leave enough To pep up next election!” Trrepressible. “I hope he doesn’t call again,” said Miss Cayenne “He is a very highly educated and | refined person.” 4 | “He is. I have been fearfully nervous | ONOLULU ADVERTISER.—The present Legislature would do well to name a holdover com- mittee to make a study of simplified government. There are many ways in which economy and | efficiency could be promoted in admin- istering ‘public affairs. It would seem | that some arrangement might be ef- | fected to do away with the present |city and county governments or sim- | plify it to function through a board to | be ‘authorized by the Legislature and | named by the Governor. It is gen- | erally recognized that a great saving | could be brought about if the present | cumbersome and complicated city and | county government of Honolulu were stripped of its political excrescences and devoted exclusively to conducting necessary public business. A commission of five men could manage the police, health, fire, high- ways and other activities of the city with vastly less expense and probably with a much greater degree of effi- clency than the present mayor and Board of Supervisors. If such a board | was appointed by the Governor the tremendous expense of a biennial elec- tion would be eliminated. | Nothing is gained by playing ostrich | and hiding our heads in the sand. | Every well informed citizen knows that | government of Honolulu and the other | counties could be improved upon. -Ha- | waii is an ideal place and now is the best of all times to consider such an experiment. Won't some Senator or | Representative father a plan? | rox ok ox | Palestine to_Deport Communist Woman. Palestine Post, Jerusalem —Hanna Goldstein, a Russian, was recently sen- tenced to six months’ imprisonment and recommended for deportation by the District Court of Jerusalem, on the charge of being in possession of 80,000 proclamations which contained sedi- tious statements. The accused admitted that the proc- lamations were found in her posses- sion, but argued that they contained nothing seditious. To prove her state- i | | | | | | i | \ | i | ment, the accused made a speech on | | the aims of the Communist party. of | which she said she was a member. | The situation in Palestine, she said. | was going from bad to worse. The | position of the workers and peasants was growing more precarious day by day. The Zionists, together with the Effendi, were using this poverty to carry out their scheme of exploitation. The fellah (laborer) was being driven from his land and the government was | gather in England a fortnight hence | for fear the radio might say or sing under anything but favoring skies. | something to embarrass him.” They will personify a world house sorely | === e divided against itself, despite truly| “A truly courageous man,” said Hi herculean attempts to produce in ad-| Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is never | vance a semblance of accord. President | B G S G el | Roosevelt's proclaimed arch-condition | might make while doing his best. precedent to “economic disarmament’— namely, military disarmament—is at | this writing seemingly destined to utter | & non-realization. Geneva, where it was| Wih gorgeousness commanding, to be accomplished as a supreme| 1t calls in Congress day by day curtain-raiser for success at London,| To ive it soclal standing. remains the scene of irreconcilable dif-| The dialogue becomes quite free | ferences among the European conti-| And not aristocratic. (nental powers, notably France and|We sometimes wish the show could be | Germany. Nazi election victories wnhm: A bit more operatic. | the Polish Corridor last Sunday,of course, | —— ¥ ! only whet Franco-German military dif.| “'Dé only time some families agree, ferences and suspicions. Nor, need it | S8id Uncle Eben, “is when dey has to | be emphasized, does Japan’s invasion of vote together so's to hold deir political | North China, on the threshold of the | influence | Formality Heeded. —e.. Laurel. By sinister coincidence, London | prom the Louisville Courier-Journal The Peansylvania Legislature has officlal State flower. The next step will be a petition for a declaratory judgment ‘Then, Japanese | 1o ascertain whether the laurel is the When modern wealth goes on display, | supporting the Effendi-Zionist scheme. Taxes collected from the fellaheen and the other poor were used for the build- ing of prisons, instead of being spent | on educating the illiterate. They, the Communists, were attempting to unite the fellah and the laborers, the gov- ernment was extorting heavy rates from the fellaheen to bring foreigners from England and give them posts here with fat salaries. xx Poor Tramway Service | At La Paz Scored. La Razon, La Paz—There passes scarcely & day in the course of which some one does not arrive at our edi- | toral offices and make complaint to us about the intolerable service of the tramways. These visitors declare that it is our duty, as guardian and pro- tagonist of the public welfare, to bring salutary pressure to bear upon both the concessionary enterprise and the munici- pal_authorities. This may be quite apparent to these dissatisfled citizens, and, indeed, quite true, but we have no hesitancy in as- serting, nevertheless, that we are get- ting somewhat weary of our role as cicerone in urban affairs. Either our advice is by no means as appropriate as our friendly patrons aver—and that case, it is their incitement even more than it is our own—or else our power with the corporation is by no means cogent as is often popularly ‘.""x’&"&n ¥é are. aob of the A | Lok MLy MEeG High Lights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands | too easily despairs, and are quite willing to enter the arena in behalf of our | importunate friends, obliged either by | force of circumstances, or a compara- | | tive poverty, to use the street cars. | One of the chief grievances is that the cars wait too long at transfer points. This delay is never less than 5 min- utes, and frequently is 10, 15, or even 20 minutes. Between the Avenida San Jorge and the Parque Murillo, there- fore, anything from 30 to 50 minutes | may be required to negotiate the dis- tance. It appears that the employes {of the tramway company, at least, are Inever in a hurry. When they spy an | acquaintance along the route, they have ’no compunctions whatever about stop- ping the conveyance and indulging in a private chat. In fact, between the delays in transit |and the tediousness of waiting for a | tram-car, many who would otherwise | ride, walk to save time. But of those who come to our offices with their cen- sure and murmurirgs, most, it should be noted, prefer t¢ ride, rather than walk and save their money. only because in this way they can s their time! | with, there is no paucity of excuse and | explanation. They may not progress | more rapidly than the schedule permits; | the equipment is old, and cannot attain an excess of velocity. But these same | employes, who criticize the time-table and the equipment, are generally those most responsible for more unnecessary delays at the intersections where the | passengers change cars, and most prone |to exchange small-talk with friends upon the footpath. However, we are calling the matter again to the attention of the street car | company officials, and incidentally to |that of the city fathers who bestowed ‘nhether or not some remedy cannot be coming, as we have already intimated, little short of intolerable. r————————— “Roosevelt Island™ Change Not Parallel ‘Tn the Editor of The Star. | I rtead the letters of Marvin E. Wil- | lams and William J. Peterson in recent | issues of The Star concerning the action of Mr. Ickes in changing the | name of “Hoover Dam” to “Boulder Dam.” 1 heartily approve of what these gentlemen have written. not see the least legitimate reason for changing the name of this great en- ginering project. I also read the letter of J. J. Craw- ford in the May 24 issue of The Star, ‘Roosevelt Island.”” | that these two changes are in the | same spirit. That changing the name {of the island from ‘“Roosevelt” to | “Theodore Roosevelt” was a mean thing to do that could be matched only by changing the name of “Hoover Dam” to_“‘Boulder Dam."” Wihen “another Roosevelt” came into the picture it was perfectly natural and in every way desirable that the He seems to think placed upon it, should bear the name of the man whom it was designed to | honor, Theodore Roosevelt. One of two things may have been in the mind of Mr. Crawford. He might have been cherishing the hope that the present occupant of the White House is destined to be the one and only “Roosevelt”; that “Theodore” is to fade from the picture, and that so it is an impertinence to have his name attached to the island in the Potomac. Or Mr. Crawford may be awakening to the fact that the present “Roose- velt"—though in the White House—is still the man “F. D.”; that he must in | stand on his own bottom, do his own work, make his own record—inde- pendently of the name made famous by another. I am perfectly willing that | he shall have a fair chance, but this | may not be enough to sat- preiien When the employes are remonstrated | the franchises, to the end of seeing | applied to an absurd situation fast be- | I do| under the heading * ‘Hoover Dam’ and | island, as well as the memorial to be | dealing out punishment to any and all | of his fellows who have wrongfully in- fringed upon his property, his person or | his privileges. | Befcresthe institution of the Mosaic law man took matters largely into his own hands and meted out punishment to his enemies or his neighbors ac-| cording to his own concept of what | the offense deserved, but with the proclamation cof the law of Moses both crime and the specific punishment therefor were defined, and, despite the countless laws written in the statute books through these many centuries, the law of Moses, which demands an eye for an eye, a life for a life, is the basic | law of the world today. | Just how far clvilization has changed | the practices of penal servitude for the | | good of the world is a question. The | purpose of punishment is the same to- | day as it was when prehistoric man set | out to seek revenge—to prevent repeti- | tion of an offense by the same person and to sound a warning to others to keep from wrongdoing. In the ancient days revenge was swift and sure. In the present day the wheels of justice grind slow and all too frequently they fall to grind exceeding fine. With the mockery of justice and the failure of punishment which prevails in this country today for major as well | as minor crimes and infractions of the law, this volume by a man sentenced ta ten years in a State penitentiary for committing a robbery while armed is of momentous interest. It can be judged from a variety of viewpoints— (and each of those viewpoints can be | right. The professional prison reformer will hail it as an authentic and com- pelling expose of the inhumane, brutal and soul-killing methods which are e ployed in many of the penal Institu- tions of this country. The sociologist will read into it a confirmation of the belief that in most cases criminals are born more often than they are made. The psychologist will interpret it in terms of the influence of early environ- ment and other specialists will find in its pages the elements of whatever their particular social or economic in- terests may be. To the average reader—that is, the man or woman who strives to under- stand and to judge fairly and without bias—*“Behind These Walls” produces a tangle of emotions which may be dif- ficult perhaps to sort and place in their proper order, though it does not alter the feeling that crime justifies punishment. The experiences of Mr. Winning are not lovely. They could not be expected to be so. They are revelations of con- ditions which are appalling and of treatment calculated to crush the souls (as well as the bodies of those whose deeds have brought sentence upon them. It is known, of course, that in some of the big penal institutions conditions | are indescribably bad. For many years | efforts have been made by the Federal | Government and by State governments to clean.up prison administrations and to maintain a regime of humanity. But, | again, the wheels grind slow and none too sure, It is a shock to learn that in a State penitentiary filth predominates and that horrible diseases are allowed to spread | without .check and without precaution | | against repetition. It seems unbeliev- able that forms of brutality are prac- ticed which would have done it to those who ordered great holidays that | the populace might participate in the | festivities attendant upon the spectacle of public human torture. The descrip- tions of overcrowded cells, of the lack | of sanitation and of ventilation read | like tales of the dungeons maintained | | centuries ago by the emperors of France | and of Rome. Bad food, of course, and the horrors of solitary confinement and numerous forms of inhumanity receive their share of indictment. The story is told in narrative form, giving an inside picture of the author's companions during the period of his imprisonment and the reactions of the various temperaments to the conditions with which they are surrounded. There are some touches of humor and a con- sistent relation of incidents which show a clannish spirit of comradeship and a tenacious loyalty of the prisoners to- ward each other. One of the most horrible, and at the same time dramatic, chapters deals with a conflagration in the peniten- tiary in which several hundred of lhe' prisoners needlessly lost their lives. As| a result of this particular fire the| author of “Behind These Walls” was inspired to lead a revolt. If the con- ditions which prevail in the specific penitentiary with which this story deals prevail also in other penal institutions, it is no wonder that the country a few years ago witnessed an epidemic of prison 1evolts which resulted in the loss of hundreds of lives and millions of dollars’ worth of property. It s not possible to read this book witheut developing a more sympathetic state of mind toward prisoners in gen- eral. Civilization in general and Americans in particular do not approve of torture as a form of punishment for offenders. Humaneness in relationship to all mankind and toward all creatures has grown into an unwritten code of behavior in this country, and stories of brutality, upon whomever practiced, invariably stir up a mighty storm of righteous indignation. Mr. Winning's book is likely to do so. and it should | surely arouse the people of the State | which maintains the institution in which he served his term to clean house | and clean it well. | The fact that prison methods as they |are operated in some institutions are | wrong and should be righted does not { necessarily mean that some of the re- | forms which have in recent years been inaugurated are right. A prison was never intended to be a place of ease |and comfort and freedom from care, nd it should never come to be re- arded as such. Much criticism has been aroused, and undoubtedly rightly so, by the comparative freedom and | comfort accorded in institutions where so-called reforms have been placed in operation. With all of the sympathy which “Be- | hind These Walls” arouses in the heart of the reader, the original cause of the | | suffering which this man was called upon to endure cannot be forgotten or overlooked. Though his motive was robbery he was armed. and he was herefore a potential killer, Had the circumstances of his capture been more favorable to him he would undoubted:y have shot down in cold blood his captor | or any one else who might have caught him in his nefarious business. A life would have been snuffed out, and he would perhaps have escaped. He de- served punishment. If he suffered more than justice required, it is indeed un- fortunate. But the public cannot ig- nore the appalling increase in crime in this country and the frequency with which it goes unpunished. Some day in the far future it may be possible to adjust properly the penali- zation of law-breakers to the infractions which they commit. Under the present system, even with the reforms now in operation in some instances, the tend- ency of those incarcerated has been to- ward a continuation of crime after re- lease rather than toward making them better citizens. Despite the efforts of psychologists and specialists of other professions, efforts to so engage the in- mates of prisons that they may develop have not been successful beyond a very limited degree. When the awakening comes and when fewer minor offenders and more major offenders are secured behind prison doors, there will be an- other sort of scientist at work in the Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. What is the name of the inter- national Rosicrucian Order?—C. T. E. A. The international name is the Ancient and Mystical Order Rosae Crucis. The initials of this name, AMORC, are used for brevity. Q. Where do butterflies stay at/ night?—A. K. A. Butterflies live only a very short period and, during the few nights of their natural existence, they may stay in any place of shelter, such as a sheltered flower. Q. What salaries are paid to United !s{més HAmb-sudor- and Ministers?— ‘A. Ambassadors to foreign countries receive $17,500; Ministers receive ment salaries. Q. Why was George Russell called A E?—E. P. A. He used the signature “ZEon” in the theosophical papers which brought him before the reading public. The printer, however, could not decipher any part of the pseudonym except the first two letters. Russell thought this was a good omen and used “A. E.” as his writing name. Q. Is hydrocyanic acid gas explosive when confined in a sealed vessel?— J. . J. 8. A. This gas is not explosive. $10,000. These salaries are subject to | the 15 per cent reductions in Govern- | A. Maxim silencers are no longer made in this country, as the laws of almost every State now prohibit the sale or use of a silencer on any firearm. Q. What South American tribe is the tallest>—M. R. L. A. The Bororos, believed to be of Patagonian descent, are reputed to be the tallest, averaging 6 feet 4 inches. They inhabit the states of Matto Grosso and Goyaz in Brazil. Q. What are the largest railroad cen- ters in the United States?—P. E. O. A. They are Chicago, St. Omaha and Kansas City, Mo. Q. Why was tuberculosis called the white plague?>—S. G. A. The adjective “white” was applied because of the pallor of those afflicted with it in serious forms, and “plague” because it formerly killed more people than plagues of Europe. Q. What length of time does the ;’ungomnlut on the Sahara Desert?— A. The simoom “occurs generally at | the equinoxes and lasts on an average from 6 to 12 hours, occasionally a lit- tle longer. Q. What part of the population of ‘Washington, D. C., is Negro?—J. P. G. A. According to the census of 1930 there wesz énz,fi Negroes in Wash- ington, D. C. e Negro population comprises 27.1 per cent of the total population. Q. What is the approximate mem- bership in the American Legion?—H. McC. A. About 878,000. Q. Can light and sound penetrate a { perfect vacuum?—J. D. A. Light waves penetrate a vacuum. | Sound’ waves do not. | Q. How is coal formed>—C. A. F. | A. The general theory regarding the | formation of coal is that 1t results from | the decomposition of vegetation in | Q. On what boat did Dr. Prederick Cook return to this country after his ;Elpc!o the vicinity of the North Pole?— into artisans of one craft or another | accordi swamps under tremendous pressure at a high temperature. The first state is peat; second, lignite; third. bituminous coal; and fourth, anthracite; and the final stage is graphite. Q. What 1is the size of the original painting of “Mona Lisa"?—C. H. A. The canvas is 2 feet 6 inches by 1 foot 9 inches. Q. What is an honorific language?— H. E. A. The word “honorific” means con- ferring respect, and is used in reference to such languages as the Chinese and the Japanese, which contain a certain class of epithets used in address to signify august, reverend, venerable, etc. Q. How are cards filled in with names of the family when used for acknowl- edging funeral flowers>—E. M. A. The phrase “Mr. and Mrs. Blank and Family” is used on formal cards which one secures from an engraver and which are only in good taste when it is physically impossible to communi- cate individually with every one. Q Who was the first man to be drafted into the United States Army during the World War?—A. D. A. It was Harry C. Gilbert of the District of Columbia, who was drafted on July 20, 1917, by Newton D. Baker, Secretary of War. Q. How much money has been spent in foreign missions by the churches in the United States?>—J. L. H. A. From the first organization in that A Dr. Cook arrived in New York on September 21. 1909, on board the Oscar II of the Scandinavian-American Line. Q. Please give the story of Damon and Pythias—J. A. A. A. Damon and Pythias were citizens of Syracuse and were great friends. Pythias was arrested and condemned to death by the tyrant Dionysius the Younger, but obtained permission first to go to his home to spend several days in arranging his affairs, on con- dition that his friend Damon would agree to remain as hostage and to suffer the penalty should Pythias fail to re- turn. did not return at the time appointed, and Damon presented himself for execution, but expressed his unfailing - belief that his friend had been unavoidably detained and would appear if humanly possible. The spec- tators, who pitied his credulity, ceeded to the place of execution. Pythias, having been detained, arrived on the scene and rushed through the crowd to take the place of Damon, who refused to give it up. Each determined to die for the other. The tyrant, him- self present, struck with so great a friendship, pardoned both and tc make the third in such a alliance. | Q. Don't rubber products last lon |than they did some years ago?— G.E. M. A. Means for greatly improving the geen devel- oped in recent years, and some rubber | durability of rubber have products are now guaranteed for as long as 10 years. ‘“Professors May Echoed in Publi¢ Debat Public discussion of the “brain trust,” as the college professors among the ad- visers of President Roosevelt have been dubbed, has led to estimates of the achievements of various types of pub- lic officials. The statement from Robert Maynard Hutchins, head of the Uni- versity of Chicago, before the Bond Club of New York that “the professor is sometimes right” forms a theme for much discussion, although it is pointed t that professors constitute only a omu of thg active associations of the administration. Lack of experience in politics is chalked up against the college faculty members by the New York Heral Tribune, while the Chicago Tribune comments: “If Willlam James, the great American philosopher, were alive he probably would ask his young friend, Prof. Rexford G. Tugwell, what he hoped to find in his machine plan of soclety as the moral equivalent of work.” The Tribune holds t! “work has been the greatest blessing forced upon the breed,” and concludes: “In- dustrialism, engaging human hands, has made it unnecessary for men to fight, either of economic or esthetic necessity. It is true that modern life has provided leisure with some attrac- tions. Man 1:2;5 met movidee, gr':‘n‘txg highly organi sports an pl‘gu\Zre in locomotion and change of scene. But, extensive as these attrac- tions are, Mr. Tugwell’s school of phi- losophy must use considerable midnight electricity before a moral equivalent of work will be found. It may well be that absorption of the economic conse- quences of the machine will be easier than absorption of the moral conse- quences.” “We have no desire to read thoughts into the President's mind,” says the Balymore Evening Sun, “but it looks as if his weakness for professors does not extend to the point of ntrusting jobs to them for which they are not qualified by training.” The Evening Sun suggests that “professors as ad- visers and executives for admunis‘ra- tive work seem to be the rule, nd also emphasizes the point that “ihe busiress of running the country has brought out several practical types: that the man who is to run Muscle Shoals, Arthur Ernest Morgan, though recently a college president, is essen- tially and by experience a practical engineer who has administered a duzen big reclamation projects”; that the chief of industrial reorganization “is Hugh S. Johnson, ex-Army officer and now a big business executive,” and that the relief fund is handled by Harry L. Hopkins, “a New York professional.” The Baltimore paper concludes that “when professors present the fruit of their studies and experiments to officers of the Government they make amends for other things. ; Quoting from the speech of Presi- dent Hutchins of Chicago University, the Providence Journal states: “He asserted that the Insull travesty could have been avolded had the public not scorned the repeated warnings that issued from the universities in Chicago. He was by no means unguarded in his language. He admitted that there is a contribution that it is thc task of the politicians to make, and another for which the country must look to its business men. But he was equally insistent thll_itl:l! m’lbllsedr Icle:;&g: Ve tor, with no eye for any! S l].lya be heard and recorder’s office who will know how to ammwmunwudmarwhefln e d | ticlans.” Recalling, that Be Right” States would have saved its people sast hardship had the voice of the expert been heard more,” and main- ta that “it is the professional poli- tician whose spoils the employment of experts evades, whose blundering op- erations the work of experts discredits who is prejudiced against them.” “Dr. Hutchins has rendered a serv- ice,” declares the Asbury Park Evening Press. “The Nation has tried practical politicians and found them in common sense and in public spirit.” The Portland Oregon Journal adds that “for nearly four years economic condi- dons in this country have been the worst in American history,” and con- demns as responsible “legislation and | administration by politics and poli- statesmen, politicians, lawyers and captains of in- dustry were summoned to the national | crisis, the New Castle News remarks ‘gt “they babbled like children in the | | “Education,” i homa City Times, | vating force of man's progress since our | arboreal ancestors came down out of | the trees. It is plausible that we may gain by giving the Nation's | greater influence in national govern- ment. The practical politicians led the country into a morass of debt, extrava- | gance, depression and international Il | will. The people generally have liked | the forthright fashion in which Presi- dent Roosevelt has cut red tape and scorned the ancient shibboleths, no matter what advice has helped to shape his policies. Appreciable improvement | has resulted, and that is the best an- swer.” | ling the “anti-professor drive” | silly, the Springfield (Mass.) Republi- | can asserts that “the members of the Roosevelt ‘brain trust’ are comparative- ly conservative men.” The St. Joseph | Gazette thinks it is barely possible “the | members of the ‘brain trust’ are really fact-men, and those who oppose them theory-men, clinging to outworn judg- ments and notions.” Praise for Dr. O. ‘W. M. Sprague of Harvard for his work as a banking expert, especially as financial adviser to the Bank of Eng- land, is given by the Buffalo Evening News and the Youngstown Vindicator. In humorous vein, the New York Times says: “When there is, as at ‘Washington, a sort of official faculty of professors and their suggestions are fol- lowed, there is established a body of doctrine and authority which impresses even doubters. There could be no bet- ter proof that this is the case than Dr, | Hutchins' remark that the main. if not | the only, criticism of Mr. Roosevelt is that ‘his advisers are professors. Such criticism can come only from coarse and partisan souls. All gencrous na- tures must have rejoiced in the reali- zation of an ancient dream. Our reign- | ing professors of today are the phi- lle;ol{)her;l for l'h::; co_rll%utt of | affairs Plato longed. e grandiosi| {of their legislation, their &h(‘)M |of detail, their scorn of precedents, their exuitant plunge into experiments. their ‘majestic contempt of expense ‘:env; the Nation breathless with | wonder.” The World Talks, Prom the Oakland Tribupe, France would keep & strong army; | Japan sceks recognition of the territory it has carved out of China; Germany ‘would be given an arm ‘equalif These are some of tfi - 4 the that wg.":ml ""“mllomlnlm Many of the republics of Latin Amer- outright acceptances; mflmm ico_approves and 3 after all, it WIll not leave the Teag oSy ations; Italy speaks to