Evening Star Newspaper, May 22, 1933, Page 2

r A2 wx “POWERS ACCEPT ~ MUSSOLINI PACT :B itain, France, Germany and Italy Agree to 10- Year Peace Effort. 2 : i From Pirst Page.) (Cont ‘place " here later, with the honor of formally notifying the world of the understanding preserved for I Duce ‘himself. £’ Expectations were this formal notifi- armanent or Revert By the Associated Press. ‘The text of the speech delivered to- day before the Geneva Disarmament Conference by Norman H. Davis, chief delegate of the United States, follows: The initiative taken by the President of the United States in communicating directly with the heads of states par- ticipating in the Economic and Disarm- ament Conferences was prompted by the pressing need for concerted and de- cisive action to solve the interrelated cation might follow the meeting of the | problems with which these two confer- Fascist Grand Council tonight. | ences must deal. Inclusion in the agreement of the| The Disarmament Conference has MacDonald disarmament plan, as sug- | reached the moment for definite deci- gested in a British memorandum on the sions. We must face the issue: we must pact during the two months of its nego- | now determine whether the natons of tiation, was not made. This was con- |the world propose to go forward with sidered tinnecessary in view of the move | progressive disarmament or revert to 4 by the big powers at Geneva to agree | the pre-war system of unrestained com- | to, the plan. ! petition in armaments with all the While admitting the possibility of | continuance of the international suspi- § estyl revikicn) e EY we t‘a‘reful | cion and fear which this will involve. not to mentton either the necessity or . Y¢he desirability of such action. This Suicidal Arming Hit. feature of Il Duce’s original proposal | At the end of the World War the imet_the objection of France and her | peoples of all states and their leaders 2 resolved that the suicidal armament so-called Eastern allies of the ittle te, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and fillc}y}' of dthe preceding decades must changed. ja. They insisted any such re- onr:l‘usfi be ;‘lthm the framework of They were convinced that this policy had been one of the contributing fac- e League of Nations. N Revision of the original form of the |tors -which brought about the war. roposal reduced the number of articles | Hence a new policy regarding arma- ments was incorporated as a funda- rom six to five. Despite this reduc- mental part of the peace settlement. ion, the text is somewhat longer, since the more important phases, such as| This policy, adopted to prevent a fu- ture race in armaments, wes based on &reaty revision, were given more ample Areatment in order to obviate any mis- | the principle that armaments are a matter of general concern and that the Z_;nkr:n interpretation. {*" Capt. Hermann Goering, close asso- | time had passed when each state should weiate of Chancellor Hitler of Germany, |be the sole judge of its armaments. To carry out this conception, pro- approved the text of the agreement vision was made for the disarmament before leaving yesterday for Berlin Sir Ronald Graham, British Ambassa- | of the defeated powers and at the same time a decision was taken, unprece- dor ‘and Henry de Jouvenel, the French ci Ambassador, -dispatched - the -text to!dented in history, whereby the vic- their governments following long audi- | torious states voluntarily assumed an ences withr the premier. obligation to.reduee their own arma- | Sir - John Simon, British foreign | ments. secretary; Joseph Paul Boncour, French | As a first step, the peace treaties reduced the armaments -of Germany foreign minister; Baron Aloisi, Itallan Tepresentative, and Rudolf Nadolny, German delegate to the disarmament conference, were expacted to participate in the initialing at Geneva. As the pact stands, diplomats agreed it represents the triumph of no one 'p:r:y or ‘country, but rather .is the ngible result of sacrifice-by all. - Ends Immediate Peril The- MacDanald plan was viewed as demonstrating the value of the h ‘eontribution &nd President Roosevelt's world-wide message Jast Week was con: ceded to have l’a‘elp:d to bring the. ne- ot'ations to a head. LR 4 Although the’ agreement left much to the vagaries -of future negotiations, diplomats were of the opinion this could hardly be avcided. The essential fact, they said, was that the powers agreed to work out their differences amicably and put an end to'a situation fraught with immediate peril. The little entente, which vigorously opposed the original plan, did nat raise a voice heard in the recent negotiations, but it was considered they were not now - irreconcilable, inasmuch -as the pact upholds the touchy points of the League Covenant. It was pointed out that Edouard Benes, Czechoslovakian foreign minis- tér, in a recent speech did not exclude the possibility of treaty revisicn, long eff~cted through machinery League of Nations, as envisaged in the Ppresent agreement. Tt was revealed that even during the days when prospects for the pact were the darkest, hopes of salvaging it were not abandoned and negotiations were kept up aily. Considerable progress already had been meade when Presi- dent Rcosevelt's messsge pushed mat- ters to a climax. Holds Powers Responsible. The four big powers of Western Eu- Topc are “responsible for peace or war in Europe and in the werld,” Under- secretary of Foreign Affairs Fulvio Buvich told the Chamber of Deputies today in a discussion of the Mussolini | pact. Signor Suvich spoke in the presence of the premier, He said that four-power responsibility for peace did not mean less respect for the will of other states and “there is no less desire and necessity for col- lJaboration also with them.” & ‘The Mussolini pact, he declared, will result in the disappearance of small groups “antagonistic one to the other which erganize political maneuvers and press campaigns which produce Fepercussions in all countries and poison world public opinion.” of the| ‘hfl’gr I}H“I— with a Vi!wbto rex‘:g‘el;- possible any aggression on their part. In fact, the theory behind these treaties was that the military forces | of the disarmed powers should be fixed | on-_the .basis.of .the maintenance of | internal order and the necessary po- Heing of frontiers, but no more. ‘The whole purpose -of these pro- visions was to guarantee that the armies of Gemmany and her former allies Should thehceforth stay at home. Special Treatment Unwise. Tt would nejther have been just nor wise, nmor was it intended, that the central powers should be subject for all time to a special treatment in arma- ments. There is, and has been, a cor- responding duty on the part of the other powers, parties to peace treaties, that by successive stages they, too. would bring their armaments down to a level strictly determined by the needs of self-defense. While the United States is not bound by the provisions or the implications of those treaties, I have no hesitancy in saying that it is the will of our people, interpreted by President Roose- velt, to join with the other powers in disarming down to that level, and we are prepared to exert our influence to bring: this about, not by theoretical stateménts of good intentions, but by | decisive and progressive reduction of | armaments through international agree- | ment. The present situation admits of no further delay. The states of the world must either go forward in good faith to carry out in all its implications the dis- armament policy which they adopted in 1919-0r we must récognize frankly that this policy has been abandoned and reconcile ourselves to reverting to a race in competitive armament. If the latter course is taken the con- sequences are inevitable. Sooner or later there will be the breakdown of the | Eeace machinery which has been so boriously built up since 1918 and the | world will be swept into another war. The immediate result of a failure here | would be a setback to economic re- | covery, which depends upon such mu- | tual confidence between nations as will | . /fi{ EVEN Text of Davis Speech Chief U. S. Delegate Says Nations Must Determine Whether to Go Forward With Progressive Dis- to Pre-War System. the States, in conference, determine that a State has been ity of a breach of the peace in violation of its international obligations and take | measures against the violator, then, if we concur in the judgment rendered as to the responsible and guilty party, we will refrain from any action tend- ing to defeat such collective effort which these States may thus make to restore peace. Finally we believe that a system of adequate supervision should be formu- lated to insure the effective and faith. ful carrying out of any measure of dis | armament. Prepared to Assist. We are prepared to assist in this | formulation and to participate in thlsi | superviston. We are heartily in sympathy with the idea that means of effective, auto- matic and continuous supervision should be found whereby nations will be able to rest assured that as long as they | respect their obligations with regard to armaments the corresponding obli- gations of their mneighbors wil carried out in the same scrupulous manner. The disarmament conference has al- ready formulated measures for the es- tablishing of a permament 4isarmament commission, The powers now proposed for this commission may well be re- | enforced. The commission will have | many important duties, but none more | essential than that of effectively super- | vising the fulfillment of the treaty. | We recognize that the ultimate objec- tive in disarmament must be attained by stages, but we believe that the time for the next and decisive step is long overdue and cannot be further post- poned. | Virtually all the nations of the world | have entered upon the solemn obliga- tion of the Briand-Kellogg pact to Te- nounce war as an_instrument of na- tional policy and to settle their dis-| putes only by pacific means. If we are to keep faith with these! ING STAR, WASHINGTON, END OF ISOLATION OFFERED BY 3. Davis Informs League Amer- ica Is Willing to Con- sult. (Continued From First Page.) of the American policy. League com- mentators asserted the American doc- trine was a historic development in world history. These commentators pointed out that America hinges her abandonment of neutrality rights upon her agreement with the identification of an aggressor, but they emphasized that if an aggres- sor is a nation sending troops to the soil of another nation, then it should be easy to find universal agreement as to who is responsible for aggression. Sir John Simon, the British foreign secretary, paid tribute to the speech of Mr. Davis. “I wish, without any delay,” he said, “to express warm and sincere apprecia- tion to Mr. Davis and to the United States for the contributions made to our work.” Interpretation of Speech. Practically, the American doctrine, although negative in form, means that the United States will not trade with an aggressor nation or protect its nationals who are doing so, according to the in- terpretation given the Davis speech here. In this connection, it was said that the main reason for the collapse of the famous Geneva protocol of 1924, which sought to effect an all-round interna- tional guarantee of security, was that Britain refused to have its fleet run the risk of difficulty with the American fleet if the United States insisted on rights of neutrality. This danger is now potentially re- moved, Geneva commentators said, as- serting that they understood the Wash- ington Government would respect any blockade declared by League DOWers against an aggressor. Approbation was heard in the lobbies of Washington's definition of an aggres- D. C.. MONDAY. | camps. 1t was estimated that 2ll but AS EPOCH-MAKING Oid Fears Blocking Peace Plans Believed Largely U.S. STAND HAILED | obligations, we must definitely make {up our minds to settle our disputes |around a conference table instead of | sor as reasonable, simple and clear. Turns to Security. preparing to settie them on the battle- field. | It was with such a thought that the | President proposed an undertaking by | the nations that, subject to existing | treaty rights, armed forces should not | | be_sent across national frontiers. In the long run, we may come to the | | conclusion _that the simplest and most ' accurate definition of an aggressor is lone whose armed forces are found on alien soil in violation of treaties. There have been two main obstacles | to disarmament. One was the appre- hension that Germany proposed to! rearm; the other the reluctance of the | armed powers of Europe in the present state of the world to take a real step in_disarmament. | If at this decisive point, any nation | should fail to give conclusive evidence | | Foreign Minister Joseph Paul-Bon- cour of France, following the British foreign secretary, likewise voiced appre- | ciation of American contributions. He! said the time now had come to consider the disarmament convention chapters dealing with international security and | regional pacts providing assistance for | a country which is the victim of| aggression, | Arthur Henderson, chairman of the conference, embodied M. Paul-Boncour suggestion in a proposal that the con- ference immediately concentrate on part one of the convention, dealing with security. Mr. Davis demurred. He thought the European nations might get together to see what they could do in the organization of security, with the con- ference discussing armed forces mean- | | | Ended by Plan. (Continued From First Page.) particular we are willing to consult the other states in case of a threat to peace with a view to averting conflict.” Definition Needed. Heretofore, a consultative pact alone was not much cherished by the Euro- pean powers because it was always diffi- cult to obtain a good definition as to what constiiutes an aggressive act and also what will the United States do in case that an aggressor has been desig- nated. Mr. Davis, in the name of President Roosevelt, has suggested the easiest manner of designating the aggressor by stating that “the simplest and most of its pacific intentions and insist upon | while. The conference voted to allow the right to rearm, even though the other powers take effective and sub- the burden of responsibility for the failure of the Disarmament Confer- ence, with the incalculable conse- quences of such a fallure, would rest on the shoulders of that nation. The problem with which we are faced cannot be solved if one nation insists on rearming while the others disarm. The result inevitably would be another race in armaments. As regards the action of the other powers, we are not unaware in the United States of the political diffi- culties which still lie in the way of the reduction’ of European armaments, Recognize Legitimate Claims, We recognize the legitimate claim which any state has to safeguard its security. But we are firmly convinced that in the long run this security can best be achieved through a controlled disarma- ment by which the military strength of the most heavily armed nations is pro- gressively reduced to a level such as | permit a real collaboration in the task | of restoring international trade and the | | freer movement of goods. | impossible in a situation | clouded by the fear of war. National| budgets which should be devoted to pro- | | ductive and social end are burdened | | with excessive and wasteful expenditures | {for armament. This leads in turn to |2n almost unbearable load of taxation | | on all our peoples. . No Alternative Seen. f we thus candidly face the situation | This s A crowded Chamber, in which there | i1 that provided for in the peace treatles. To the extent that armaments cre- ate political tension, they in them- | selves eonstitute a menace to peace and may jeopardize the security of the very nations which maintain them. If we take a long step in the direc- tion of disarmament today and agree by stages to achieve our ultimate ob- | Jjective, we can meet any legitimate claim of the powers bound by the peace treaties and at the same time effectively | help to insure peace A few days ago the conference met & serious obstacle to further progress | stantlal steps toward disarmament, then | the Steering Committee to decide the procedure and adjourned until to- morrow. |RECIPROCAL TARIFF CONCESSION BILL IS BEING PREPARED (Continued From First Page.) delegates is cont:mplated by the Presi- dent, who is awaiting word from Senator | Johnson. (Republican) of California, ‘While - Washington eagerly awaited internationel reaction to the statement of policy outlined at Geneva, Hull de- | scribed it to reporters as meaning that | this Government retains to itself free- | dom of action and decision. | This interpretation was in response | to requests for elaboration of the atti- |gard to cases of aggression. | Prominent in first Washington re- actions to the Davis exposition was a | sentiment that the administration had | steered a course between the always- [present demands in Congress that the | United States keep clear of foreign en- | tanglements and insistence of foreign | nations that this country alter its policy to assure them security against attack in return for the arms they are asked to sacrifice. The heart of the Davis declaration was seen as the paragraph stating that | if substantial arms reduction is ef- | fected, the United St consult cther nations in case of a | threat, to peace. Mot significance was attached to thlsl | tude expressed in Davis' speech in re- | ates is willing to | ‘weie many diplomats, heard Signor Buvich pay tribute to the Roosevelt peace message and to the Hitler dis. armament speech. As & result of these pronouncements, he said, “a certain 8ense of confidence is gaining headway in the minds of men.” Nothing better than the Mussolini four-power peace pact could be sug- gested for revision of the peace treaties, the undersecretary asserted. MACDONALD PLAN APPROVED. | wo It is inconceivable that the responsible leaders of any | country in the world could hesitate over | i this issue. We cannot shirk the duty | | which this choice imposes upon us. We | | cannot safely delay taking effective { steps to reduce armaments to a purely | defensive basis. | _As far as the position of the United States is concerned, we are frank to recognize that we have a simpler prob- |lem to meet than have many of the | European powers. Fears and apprehen- | sions based on historical and racial | in iis detailed examination of the Brit- | sentcnce: ish plan. Since then there has begn| “Further than that, in the event an appreciable change. |that the states. in conference, de- The recent speech by the German | termine that a state has been guilty of chancellor before the Reichstag clarify- | a breach of the peace in violation of ing the German attitude and policy |its international obligations and take with regard to disarmament and in- | measures against the violator, then, if dorsing th: propocal of President | we concur in the judgment rendered as Roosevelt has be>n most helpful, to the responsible and guilty party, we This and also the sequent an- | will refrain from any action tending nouncerent made here by our col-|to defeat such collective effort which league, Hrr Nadolny, of Germany's ac- | these states may thus make to restore ceptance of the Britich plan as the | peace.” basis of the future convention have so| Sccretary Hull was asked whether accurate definition of an aggressor is {one whose armed forces are found on alien soil in violation of treati | The United States will participate at the meeting of the other powers mem- bers of the League of Nations to define the aggressor, but the American dele- gate will have to report the proceedings to Washington and it will b2 up to the administration to concur with the find- ings of the League. With the definition suggested by Mr. Davis, there.can be no doubi that America will find no difficulties in ap- proving the findings of the other na- tions, since an invasion of alien terri- |tory 1s easy to ascertain. Once America has concurred to the | findings of the other powers; and these | powers have decided to ‘take measures against the violator of international | treaties, “we will refrain” stated Mr. Davis, “from #ny action tending to de- | feat such collective effort which these | states may thus make to restore peace.” Uncertainty Removed. According to Article 16 of the Cove- |nant of the League of Nations, one of the first steps to be taken against the | aggressor nation is a commercial and financial boycott. This article has never been enforced so far because, America not being a member of the League, the world powers did not know what attitude this country would take |in regard to the question of trading with the enemy. Great Britain, above all, was worried lest the United States should adopt the | same attitude it had adopted during the | World War, that is to say, insist on the | freedom of the seas. | The statement of Mr. Davis does away with this fear, since his statement is in- | terpreted to mean that the American flag no longer will protect citizens of this country if they want to deal with a nation which has been found by a common decision to be the aggressor. Finally, this country comes out strongly in favor of & psrmanent com- mission to supervise and control arma- ments and is willing to have a repre- | sentative in such & commission. 29 MAY 1933. Veterans Signing Up for Reforestation Camps A scene at Camp Hunt this morning as nunareas of the bonus marchers rushed to sign up for the reforestation about 500 would go to the camps. MORE THAN 2,500 OF B. E. F. ENROLLED AS DEADLINE NEARS‘ (Continued From First Page) | gompany st g sned 1 o | m one section of the camp to the other they | carried with them the equipment loaned by the Army, folding cots, blankets and mess kits. As soon as the ncn foresters all have left camp, the men will be organized and issued additional equipment in- cluding clothes, shoes, underwear, hats et cetera. Army officers then will take charge and begin the preliminary training of the forestry recruits. Some leaders of the more conservi tive element of the bonus army re- vealed plans were being made to send organizers throughout the country to interest oth:r veterars in the re- forestation work. It is the hope of | these “right-wing” marchers to obtain ! the enrollment of a half million vet-| erans in the Civilian Conservation Corps. They ccntend this proved the | statement of many bonus payment op- ponents that unemployed veterans wouldn't work if they were offered jobs. | Up to noon only two bus loads of | veterans had ben bought to Wash-| ington. These men were left at Sixth street and Pennsylvania avenue, where they were kept und:r surveillance by police and headquarters’ detectives. Of the approximately 500 bonus, marchers who had not enrolled in the| Civilian Conservation Corps up to noon, | Gevernment cffictals at Fort Hunt an- ticipated that many would switch at the last mcment and join the forest ermy. All the bonus mer-hers were essembled et brezkfact this gorning and those who decided to :cl.‘pt the | President’s forestry offer were sepa- | rated from the others. More Decide to Sign. All through the morning. however, addit'onal recruits signed up for the forest. werk and the Veterans' Admin- | fstration, which is supervising the en: | rolments, expected it would be late in the aftcrnoon before any definite figure could be made publi> as to the exact number of marchsrs who decided to stay at the fort. Twenty-five Virginia State policemen. en-amped in ‘ents about a quarter of a mile west of Fort Hunt. were guard- | ing the highwavs leading into Southern and Western Virginia under orders of | Gov John Garland Pollard to prohibit 2ny marchers from entering the State T. McCall Frazier, Virginia commis- | sioner of motor vehicles, together with 2 number of other Richmond officials. | visited the fort this morning to learn how soon the State police camp could be done away with. Frazier said he hoped the bonus camp would be struck | by evening, o his patrolmen coulq re- L3 | —Star Staff Photo. | HOUSE COMMITTEE 0. K.5 TAX BOOST & Approves Increase in Gas and Income Levy to Finance Bonds. GERMAN BOYCOTT PLAN OF U. 5. JEWS Resolution to Be Presented at Session Here Today for Trade Reprisal. Boycotting by American Jews of all German goods as a retaliatory move against the Hitler government for its alleged mistreatment of German Jews may be voted at the final session late this afternoon of the extraordinary session of the American Jewish Con- gress, in session since Saturday at the ‘Willard Hotel. A boycott resolution pending before the Resolutions Committee of the con- gress is reported to have strong support among the 1,500 delegates, assembled from all parts of the country. Efforts are being made to obtain a favorable report on the resolution so the Con- gress may vote on the question. Elec- tion of officers of the congress, which represents 1,500,000 American Jews, also is scheduled for this afternoon’s session. One of the chief purposes of the Con- gress in its three-day assembly here was to decide upon a policy for the guidance of American Jews with regard to the troubled world situation facing members of their race. Already the Congress has voted unanimously for a $1,000.000 fund to counteract “znti- Semitic propaganda.” which is mem- bers attribute to Hitler and his Nazi government. No Morning Session. No session of the congress was held this morning so the delegates might ve time to call upon their Senators and Representatives to develcp pres- sure on President Roosevelt to ask that Germany show more leniency in its treatment of Jewish nationals. The need for organized action against Hitlerism was stressed by speakers at sessions of the congress yesterday and at a banquet last night. Immediate or- ganizaticn of the campaign for funds was launched, and $69,000 was raised by individual subscriptions and pledges at_the banquet session. In addition to the authorization of the fund for defense against Hitlerism, |the congress yesterday passed a reso- lution pledging the continuation of efforts to have the Jew restcred to full | equality in every phase of life in Ger- many and another calling for organ- | ization of a world Jewish Congress to | be_held next year. The action of the League of Nations in accepting the petiiion submitied to {it in behalf of the Jews of Uppcr Silesia, who have been mistreatea by | the Hitleriles was acclaimed by speak- ers at all sessicns yesterday. In its fund resolution, the Congress | charged that “the masters of Germany | have set up an international orgzniza- tion, seeking to infect every nation of | the world with the virus of znti- | Semitism; the avowed purpose cf w'ci (Continued From First Page.) report it to the House for early action. The North Carolina Democrat said he favored the inclusion in the tax pro- ision of a section, calling for immedi- ate suspension of the new tax lovies in the event the eighteenth amendment is repealed and the Treasury is in condi- tion to meet the interest and amortiza- tion requirements of the bond issue from either liquor or other revenve. No committee action was taken at once on_this proposition, however, In view of President Roosevelt having noti- ed Congress he favored such action, | preparea an amendment permittng the | the House floor Wednesday if possible, to obviate the new levies if revenue from liquor or other sources makes them unnecessary, it appears likely that a clause"to that effect will be put into Prepares Amendment. Budget Director Douglas is having automrati> ruspensicn of the new iaxes whenever the revenues flowing into the Treasury permit. No mention is to be made of the repeal of the eightsenth amendment, however. This would apply, Doughton con- tinued, in the event revenue began to flow from liquor taxes, upon ratifica- tion of repeal by 36 S:ates. “Our plan is to get the bill up on Doughtcn said. - As the committee recessed, Doughton said thet he would oppose placing the Marland oil control bill into the public works-industry measure. He had talked with Mr. Roosevelt over ths telephon: about it. “I haven't any instructions to put it into the bill end thore has bzen really no request,” he explained. “As I understand it, th: President is willing for it (the oil bill) to be put on the industry bill, but that he is leaving it up to the Ways and Means Committee.” Doughtcn said he favored “handling the bills separately, so as not to muss up this bill,” referring to the industry measure. Meanwhile, Senator Wagner, Demo- | turn to their regular dutfe | Up to now most of the State police duty at the fort hes consisted of round- |ing up would-be deserters trying to | escape with gquipment loaned them by | the Government. The police reported | large groups attemptad to leave the, camp neariy every evening loaded down | with blankets, mess kits and cots. | The strife-torn bonuys army joined | | forces yesterday afternoon for a pil-| grimage to Arlington National Ceme- tery where tribute was paid to the Un-! known Soldier and the two bonus| marchers who were killed in last Sum-| | mer’s riots here, Eric Carlson and Wil- “We believe,” stated Mr. Davis, “that | Jiam Hushka. The marchers were car- a system of adequate supervision should | ried to the cemetey in Veterans' Bu- be formulated to insure the effective 'rcay busses. Skipwith Kennell, edu- and faithful carrying out of any meas- | cated Philadelphia veteran, delivered ures of disarmament. We are prepared | the Army's eulogy at the Tomb of the to assist in this formulation and to| ynkiaown, after which Mike Thomas, participate in this supervision. We are | sturqy “right wing” leader, delivered France Regards Rome Pact as Firm 8ToUnds have led to the maintenanc. s howard Peiss of large armaments in Europe. These | Step 3 large armaments have caused resent- PARIS, May 22 (P.—The French Ment, particularly in the less armed | government, viewing &s a firm step to- | COUNtries. The resulting political ten- | ward European pacification the four- |5ion has in turn reacted to keep up the | power co-operation specified in Premier | 8eheral level of armaments, Mussolin's peace plan, has agreed to| W€ are not unaware of the difficul- accept the MacDonald disarmament | ties which lie in the way of reduction | plan tn princ | in armaments here. It is our very de- | Joseph Paul-Boncour, forelgn min- | tRchment from this situation which | ister, has gone to Geneva with instruc- |8iVes us hope that we may exert a altered the situation as to jusiify us in assuming that we cen now resume our consideration of this plan with real hope of egrecment. | Our present 2genda is a considera- tion of the chapters on war material. | It was undeistcod that other related subjects might be introduced and my | colleagues may feel that I have made | wide use of the latitude thus given me. | But in closing my remarks and to| bring our discussicn back to the con- | this meant that if other nations de- cidea a particular country was the ag- gressor and agreed upon an economic boycott, the Unitzd States—if it con- curred as to the aggressor—would be compelled to refrain from trading with that country on the ground this would defrat_the collective effort of a boycott. He declined comment on this phase. Reaction in diplomatic circles in Washingion to the Davis speech was extremely favorable. The position tions to notify the Disarmament Con. | helpful influence toward the realization ference of the acceptance, but with these six points reported set out as essential: International armaments s pervision; speedy establishment of su- pervision’ disarmament by tages; im- mediate cessation of air, land and sea of our common objective. But we are prepared to aid in other ways than through exerting our: influence, and 1 chall take this opportunity to show | what we are prepared to do. | " As regards the level of armaments, crete question before us I desire to|laken was one which diplomats regafded | state that the American delegation | &S far in advance of any hitherto made | accepts the chapter on material and|known by this Government concerning | expresses the hope thet the other dele- 8 consultative pact, and there was a far | gations will join in this ecceptance and | more hopeful feeling in diplomatic cir- | that the way mey thus be cleared for | cles for the successful outcome of the heartily in sympathy with the idea that | | means of effeztive, automatic and con- tinuous supervision should be found whereby nations will be able to rest as- sured that as long as they respect their obligations with regard to armaments the corresponding obligations of their neighbors will be carried out in the same scrupulcus manner.” Warns Against Oppesition. ‘With these definite and final offers, the American Government b:lieves that the Limitation of Arms Conferenc> should proceed without any further hzsitation and reach a definite agree- ment as soon as possible. But Mr. Davis thought that there may still be rations which for reasons a brief address. At the graves of Hushka and Cerlson, speeches were made by John T. Dear, Ben Adams and F. A. Blanchard. CITY NEWS IN BRIEF. TODAY. Card_varty, Gavel Chapter, No. 29, | O. E S, Southern Dairies' suditorium, | 60 M street norineast, 8:30 p.m. Spring concert, Catholic University Glee Club, McMahon Hall, 8:30 p.m Meeting, Quentin Roosevelt Post, No. | 11. Americen Legion, Potomac Boat |1s a national plan of economy without crat, New York, told the Senat> Fi- nance Commiitee the industrial control- public works bill provides “the chart and ccmpass for a program of re- covery.” “If administered, as I know it will be,” Wagner said, “with the vigor and resourcefulness which the President has exhibited in all his actions, it will con- tribute mightily toward the rehabili- tation of the econcmic life of the American people. “Both parts of the bill are designed to provide an immediate impetus to employment, and that is the inescapable necessity of the present moment.” “Competition Not Abolished.” Questioned by Senator King, Demo- crat, Utah, as to whether the bill | would “destroy the competitive system | and substitute the Mussolini or German | cartel system,” Wagner said: “Not at all. Competition is not abol- ished. It is merely made national. It which we cannot recover. We seek to put competition on a high plane.” ‘Wagner said the underlying princi- ples of public construction were “too clear to dispute” and were based upon the following: “A vast number of men are without work. They must be and are being maintained at public expense. I sub- mit it is sounder business, better gov- ernment and a more humane policy to | pay these men for useful work than to keep them in idleness. “We cannot emerge from the depres- sion until there is a sustained resump- is a war of extermination againsi tae | Jew.” “Poisonous Propaganda.” ‘This poisoncus prcpagand-,” it w- stated, “has irsinuate: N, our own great country, where the henchmen are waging en insidiou. wide-spread cempaign cesizncd {1 one section of the population 3 the other.” President Rooseve’'t was callad v Dr. Stephen S. Wise ia £a o l2st night’s banquet to @3 £3 - | for German Jewry as be hos d>2 - Hitler Germany througa his cell peace. “The great message of the Prc. | of the United States,” Wise s2id. designed to bring peace to ths to make sure that the Disarm: Conference should not end in"dis:s faflure. In making his memorable nouncement for wcrld peace the Press dent has nct only averted from Gore many the humiliation of further sanc tions, but hes saved the chancellor of the Reich by giving him the oppor- tunity to withdraw from a position of blatant intransigeance with regard to equality cf armaments which had maintained up to this time. “The President of the United States, who was great enough to save the world from war and to save the Germany of Hitler, must yet save the Jews of Ger- many from Hitler. Is it too much to hope that the new deal’ shall be le and generous enough to include the old- est of the earth’s peoples and thus save them from the fate which still threat- ens to overwhelm them in its cruelest disaster?” Three Fates Left Jews. Dr. Wise quoted a friend, whom he described as & “man of calm and wise judgment,” who has come from Ger- many within the past week, as saying that only three fates are open to the German Jew—"economic e: self-extermination or suicide and emie gration.” Germany, through its Hitler ment, Dr. Wise said, is demant the world “peace and equity.” “He who seeks equity must do o Dr. Wise said. “He who seeks must come into court with clean hands. The hands of the chancellor of the Reich are not clean. They are red with the blood of Jews.” Dr. Wise compared the Hitler govern- ment with the American Ku Klux Klan of post Civil War days, saying, “It- operates in the same way, with the same methods and moves toward the same objectives.” Senator Gerald P. Nye of North Da- kota, . another banquet speaker, ex- | pressed the sympathy of American people, warned American Jews the danger of incurring the same prejudice against themselves in this country that is manifest against the members of their race i Germany. Danger of Prejudice. “Whatever you may fnd’'to do to lessen the distress under Hitlerism,” he 1, | g : 3 % ¢ mediate cessation of air, land and 562 | we are prepared to go s far g tae | N, mmediate decision on the concrete | Present Geneva negotiations Otk tielik s el AR kR todaiays the tion of enterprise. That cannot occur | said, “whatever you may._do, do not abolish offensive arms, and ultimate de- struction or internationalization of all offensive arm repute ladter to align France with the aims of Premier MacDonald of Great Britain and President Roosevelt was understood o have followed a special cabinet ses- sion Saturday ot which Georges Le: gues, minister of marine, contended for the maintenance of present armaments. AGREEMENT CONFIRMED. Revised Mussolini Text to Be Consid- ered Further. LONDON, May 22 (#)—Foreign of- fice circles todzy officially confirmed that an agreement on the redrafted four-power peace pact had been reached | in Rome over the week end Premier Mussolini's _original posals have undergone more minor changes, it was indicated, and the new draft has been sent to Geneva for renewed study by representatives of Great Britain, France, Italy and Ger- many. U. S. OFFICIALS PLEASED. pro. Administration Regards European Pact as Helpful. By the Associated Press. American officials are pleased at in- formal agreement by France, England, Germany and Italy on the Mussolini peace pact to preserve the peace for a decade at least While regarded as essentially a European aflair, the American admin- jstration believes the pact helpful in the general drive to reduce armaments and achieve economic stability, particu- Jarly since it appeared here to go a Jong way to meet France's demands ;or or assurance - of -security- in- e: e 15, d decision of Premier Da- | than | | | other states in the way of redustion We feel that the ultimate objective should be to reduce armaments ap- proximately to the lovel established by | the peace trcaties—that i, to bring armaments as soon as possible through | successive stages down to the basis of & | domestic police force. | “In particular, as emphasized by President Roosevelt, we are prepared to join other nations in abolishing weapons of an aggressive character which not only are the more costly to construct |and meintain, but at precent are the | most likely to lead to a breach of the | peace. Lessening War Dangers. | To cut the p: of offense and re- | move the threat of surprise att ou'd ! do more than anything else to lescen the darger of a war A'most a yar ago the Am: ernment submiited a propoca g these lines This proposal which re- the approval of a large number of tes was not acceptable to certain States and was therefcre not adopted. A few weeks ago the British prime minister submitted a detailed proposal which embodies many of the features of the American plan of last year. As the British proposal represents a real measure of disarmament, we accept it whole-heartedly as a definite and excel- lent step toward the ultimate objective. We, therefore, are prepared to give our full support to the adoption of this lan h addition, T wish to make it clear that we are ready, not only to do cur part toward the substentive reductinn of armaments, but if this is effected by gencral internaticnal agrcement, we are also prepared to coniribute in other ways to the organization of peace. In particular, we are willing to con- sult the other states in case of a threat to peace with & view to averting conflict. 2 Further than that, in the event that propesals in this chapter. This ccnfercnce is not only a dis- armament conference; it is en emer- gency conference cf a viorld in a state of political uncertainty and economic depression. 3 Deciding Test Seen Soon. The next weeks will bring the - cisive test. It will require cof)rlge adx:d statesmanship to meet this test, but the | failure to do so will g> far to shatter | any hope of world organization for Wy he U { ar as the United States i - | cerned, our abilities and our !n:elftclxv:c to collaborate whole-heartedly in the ccntinuing task of heping to maintain | world gmce d!tp:'ng; in large measure upon the resuits achieved h - | ‘;\lr;;u’;li‘dntv here in dis. esident Roosevell's -m-s a | clear Indication of the Iact that the | United States will exert iis full power and influence and accept its just share | of re“pml‘i::ll:iy f:o make the resuits in | disarmament definite, pr = ‘“,‘E{;"- prompt and ef- e results of success here and now would bring benefits beyond all calcu- lation. It would give new confidence and lence that Govern- ments can still govern and leaders lead; hope that a definite step in disarma- ment having at last been taken, eco- nomic recovery will be hastened and the millions in all countries who are only asking for the opportunity to work will have restored to them the possibil- ity of living in peace and of exrning the!: daily breed. If by a great act of faith, each and every naticn will now summon the courage to take a decisive st-p in gen- eral disarmement, conditions through- | out the world will so improve that we | can henceforth face the future with a real feeling of security and confidence. With the alternative to success in cannot mind, we ves to fall | | | | Davis’ statement “in the long run we may come to the conclusion that the simplest and most accurate definition of an eggreseor is one whose armed forces are found on alien soil in vivla- tion of treaties” caus:d much discus- slon, however, because of the present position of Japan, with its troops on Chinese territory, and the two con- flicts in South America, in which troops are occupying foreign territory which has been allotted by treaty. Negotiating reciprocal _agreements with other powers and simultaneous lowering of tariff walls is a London ob- Jjective of the President. Observers believed before the meeting with Hull today that despite the po- litical explosiveness of the tariff ques- n it was quite likely the President | would asg Congress to act now. With the London confercnce opening June 12, and the American delegation cailing a week from this Wednesday, the time is growing short for action on the concededly controversial question. Even among members of the admin- istration differences of opinion exist. Secretary Hull before he took his pres- ent post advocated a 10 per cent cut in tariffs by all nations, although he now concedes this is only one of many methods of attaining the desired goal of lowered trade barriers. Assistant Secretary Raymond Moley of the State Department says the idea is “not to cut off the top of the wall” but to “open doors in our walls oppo- site doors in other walls"—apparently a reference to reciprocal, bilateral tariff bargaining. Last night the President conferred on the foreign situation with Senator Johnson of California, high-ranking Republican of the Foreign Relations Committee. Johnson is regarded as the choice of the President for Republican mem- ber of the delegation to , but he declined to discuss this after his talk at the White House. | faced cannot be solvcd if one nation | | insists on rearming while the work of the Geneva Conference. | In order to avoid further recrimina- | tions as to who is the culprit who made the Dicarmament Conferenc: impo:- sible, the American chief delegate mad: it clear on which nation the onus ol the failure of the Disarmament Con: ference will be placed: “If at this decisive point any nation should' fail to give conclusive evidence of its pacific intentions and insist upon the right to rearm, even though the other powers take effective and sub- stantial steps toward disarmament, then the burden of responsibility for the failure of the Disarmament Cun-‘ ference, with the incalculable conse- | quences of such a failure, would rest on | the shoulders of that nation. | “The problem wi.h which we are| others | dissrm. The rcsult inevitably would be another race in armaments.” | ARMY HORSES ARE KILLED | AS BOLT FIRES STABLE By the Associated Press. BURLINGTON, Vt., May 22.—Three enlisted men were injured and between 90 and 100 horses were burned to death early today as lightning set fire to a stable at Fort Ethan Allen. The blaze was discovered by a sentry who had just passed through the stable. The stable, which housed the mounts of a Fleld Artillery battery, was de- stroyed. Loss was estimated at $75.000, and many of the burned horses were the private property of officers of the goet. The building was about 200 feet long and of wood. ‘The names of the enlisted men in- Club, 8:30 p.m. | Meeting, Anacostia Chapter, No. 12, | O. E. 8, Lodge Hail, Fourteenth and | U’ streets southea-t, 7:30 p.m. Mesting, Takoma Horticultural Club, | Takoma Public Library, 7:30 pm. | Dinner dance, Gamma Delta Sigma Sorority, Mayflower Hotel, 6:30 p.m. TOMORROW. Luncheon, Lions ~Club, Hotel, 12:30 p.m. Meeting, Our Flag Chapter, D. A. R, 1215 Emerson street, 2 p.m, eon, Ci itan Clubs, Hamilton | 30 pm. Mayflower | Lun: Hotel, 1 Luncheon, Ccal Merchants' Devision, Merch:nts and Menufacturers’ Associa- tion, Hamilton Hotel, 12:.0 p.m. | Meeting, Board of Lady Managers of | Casualty Hospital, Wiilard Hotel, 11 am. | Buffet luncheon, ‘'omen’s National Press Club, Willard Hotel, 1 p.m. Luncheon, Columbia Heights Business Men's Association, Oyster’s Cafe, 3316 Fourteenth street, 12:15 p.m. Luncheon, Washington Association of Credit Men, Hamilton Hotel, 12:30 p.m. Luncheon, Sigma Chi Fratemity, University Club, 12:30 p.m. Luncheon, Republican Club, Univer- | sity Club, 12:30 p.m. Pet Snakes to Be Deserted. OMAHA, May 22 (#)—When Harry B. Fleharty leaves to become an as- sistant in the United States Attorney General's office this week he'll leave Jured were not known, but officers said their injuries {yere not serious. digo snake and a garter snake. Study- ing snakes is his hobby. through private initiative alone until business men see a prospect of profit. Government ccnstruction, however, is not undertaken for profit and can,| therefore. be initiated without waiting for an upturn of business. “Public construction distributes pur- chasing power without at the same time adding to the supply of competi- tive goods in search of a customer. It is, therefore, ideally suited to serve as a means of priming the pump of busi- BROADER POWER ASKED FOR UTILITIES BOARD | T | Bill Intrcduced by Chairman Nor-| | ton Would Limit Court R:view of Orders. A bill giving the Public Utilities Commission broader powers which also would prevent a court review of com- mission orders except those involving legal questions exclusively was intro- duced today by Chairman Norton of District Committee. The leg- was requested several days ago by Maj. Gen. Mason M. Patrick, chair- man of the commission. resentaive Norton also introduced a bill io authorize the in ation of Mount Olivet Cemetery. Both measures were referred to her committee for con- sideration and report. | Six Saved in Shipwreck. JUNEAU. Alaska, May 22 (#).—The small trading vessel Kingston struck a | reef in Whitestone Narrows Friday for one moment ¥bandofi .caution against the ever-constant ‘danger of fostering prejudice here in America. Lot us read our lessons well.8nd know that the patience and spitit’af Amer- icans is strained to a peint dangerously near to breaking. “Let us have and Jtnnglg leadership that will move always ahead. of preju- dice in giving battle to econbmic condi- tions that invite the f: of dormant fires of hate. We cannot about us and observe the suffering on hand, we cannot witness the moving and grow- ing armies of unemployed; we ‘eannot watch the maddened gatherinigs of ordi- narily patient and conservative farmers, who talk strike and do strike—we €an- not witness these signs without realizing that the call is for action if we are to avoid in America a Hitlerism which might, from the stzndpoint 6f unrea- conableness and lack of contral, go far mond the Hitlerism Germany knows ay.” 50 BOMBS FOUND Police Arrest Six in Alleged Revo- lutionary Plot. involved in a revolutionary bombs were found 1n & ssaretof dev- eral residences. One of those was an army captain in whose flat bombs were concealed. Wrecks Auto to Save Dog. WAUPUN, Wis,, November 22 - I'lz“ is the o night, and is a total loss, tide and in two. aboard saved. reports h in a hospital. In behind his eta—one cormnake, an in- iodey said, T bost foundered st high | ting s dog