Evening Star Newspaper, April 21, 1933, Page 2

e MACDONALD LANDS INU.S. FOR PARLEY Says Gold Situation Will Not Hamper His Talks With President. A —_— (Oontinued Prom First Page.) fourth of March I listened to his inaug- wal address, and since that day have wed with increasing interest the us efforts he has been mak- to fulfill the expectation which sgang from that remarkable speech. “Your President has been good enough to invite me both as prime minister of my country and as chairman of the ‘World Economic Conference to come over to explore the problems which have to be dealt with at that gather- ing. I have actepted because I believe that we two are 1p harmony of spirit regarding all world causes, and agree at the most pressing of these at the oment is the removal of the economic distress that has befallen us. We must atrive to clear the obstacles which block the highways of trade, both within our gwn countries and between the nations, and so restore the hope of employment t6 the workless millions who look to earn their living in factory and field.” Reads Formal Greeting. Aside from the brief interview on the Berengaria and the formal statement t the press the British prime min- ister also read his formal greeting to rica. In this he said that he came w, as he did on his last visit, on mission of peace. = “Today,” he said, “I have come to erica for tie purpose of discuss- g with your President how we can egnduct war against unmerited poverty.” il’]l"he text of MacDonald's greeting lows : %“Last time I was with you, I came on & mission of peace, so that together we might create a public psvchology which cbuld pursue the fruitful avenues of ceful co-operation as to our respec- ve armaments. I am on the same mission still. - “Since those days we have all en- untered the storm and stress of bad es and many have suffered great . _All over the world, we are at war with depression. Today I have come . k@ America for the purpose of discussing With your President how we can con- duct that war against unmerited verty. 1 come at the invitation of sident Roosevelt to discuss partic- werly with him the tasks that lie be- fgre the World Economic Conference, and I come in the same spirit of neigh. | bprly co-operation as brought me here lest_time. * “The well being of all who buy and #pll and labor with body and mind, of all who seek to give the state service 8nd rightly claim a reward for that vice—those people are our concern. eir problems are our problems. It 15, believe me, a great privilege, a fi‘lt pl;nsure, to join with friends in work.” i Greeted at Quarantine. . Greeting -the premier at Quarantine :re Grover A. Whalen, representing e mayor of New York, Warren De- ano Robbins, chief of protocol for the State Department, James C. Dunn, from the State Department Division of International Conferences, and Sir nald Lindsay, British Ambassador to United Statés, with Lady Lindsay. ! . With the premier were his daughter | Tahbel, Sir Robert Vansittart, per-; manent_undersecretary of the foreign office; Lady Vansittart, Sir Frederick Leith-Ross, economic advisor to the Hritish government; Charles Howard Smith, chief of the League of Nations and western sections of the foreign ce, and Michael Wright, of the Jritish diplomatic service. The premier's daughter sat by his alde during the press interview in the amoking room on the Berengaria. She ‘e a blue and white gown, a blue coat trimmed with gray fur and a Black straw hat with narrow brim. The premier .declined to discuss war debts, saying “at the moment it is in- edvisable to go into that.” Harbor boats shrieked a loud wel- comy as the Macom steamed toward the Battery. A litary salute from Governofs Island failed to materialize. The Mncom stopped at the Battery long encugh for cameramen to disem- bark and then turned to Jersey City to put ‘MacDonald aboard a train for ‘Washington. Anxious to Meet First Lady. Ishbel MacDonald, mnterviewed on the Macom, sald the women of her| country. “are aching for international understanding and peace.” | “We can't get through all this trou- ble.” she said, “without all working to- | gether. I am anxious to meet Mrs. ' Roasevelt because it is likely that we have much in common.” Following the interview she roamed over the decks of the city tug pointing s red pocket camera at New York’s skyline. Speaking for sound motion pictures, Premier MacDonald said on the Macom: “The world has suffered a great deal since I was here four years ago. The President asked me to come here, and I shall be pleased to discuss with him the problems of sagriculture and in- dustry. “It i the supreme duty of all govern- ments to see that economic justice is done to all their peoples. The only way to bring this about is by agree- ment and conciliation.” When MacDonald was asked by one reporter if he approved of the Nazi regime in Germany, he replied im- patiently: “I am here for another matter.” PRESIDENT AWAITS PREMIER. | | MacDonald and Roosevelt to Have First Talk This Evening. By the Assoclated Press With the arrival today of Prime Min- ister Ramsay MacDonald, Great Britain and the United States come together in an atmosphere charged at once with high- hope and grave reality to set upon the tangled skein of international finance and commerce. With the eyes of tne world centered ort: the White House, President Roose- vélt made ready to welcome Britain’s noted statesman for the free and dly talks from which not even thorny problem of war debts will foaching Washington late this after. Reac! n after- from New York, where he landed morning with an entourage includ- some of his natiod’s best financial commercial minds, MacDonald will fa house guest at the Executive Man- until his departure Wednesday. Course Undetermined. ight behind this distinguished vis- will come former Premier Edouard jot of France and other leaders g the statesmen of foreign lands, at the invitation of Mr. Roosevelt, unch a concerted attack upon the e President’s newly assumed lead- ip in world economic recovery thus its great test at a dramatic mo- t in financial history—a time of ntary departure of the Unitea from the gold standard and em- ation upon a program of controlled n. tion. ntil the 66-year-old British prime r and the new Chief Executive of 98 United States find opportunity for qgiet talk and exchange their views, the ct effect of America's abandonment zjold upon the parleys and the re- -of the world can only be conjec- 3° Change Called Domestic. Many here felt. that the President's ‘move signalized by withdrawgl of the dollar on foreign ex- ' Sequoia, -Wednesday. strengthened . his and brought the world- problem jof galning economic advantages as it 1| the Thomas bill int A. B. C. of Gold Standard i A Abridged Answers ‘o Questions About Govnnfie;l: Action and Ultimate Results Given in Effort" to Clarify Layman’s Confusion. ) (The Star has been flooded with requests for a “simple erplanation™ of what going off the gold standard means. With the co-operation of a high Government expert on finance, the Jollowing question-and-answer , discussion of a question about which books have been written is offered Star readers. An eflort has beem made to present the matter in lan- guage that the layman can compre- hend, but'because of the complezily of the subject the undertaking mani- festly was a dificult one.) 1. Question: What is meant by being “on the gold standard”? Answer: A country is on the gold standard when its unit of currencyis expressed in terms of gold and is re- deemable in gold on demand, and when gold is accepted for minting at a fixed rate and its import or export is un- restricted. 2. Question: What makes a country g0 “off the gold standard”? Answer: A country’s departure from the gold standard may be involuntary, as in the case of England, or voluntary, as was substantially the case with the United States. England was forced off the gold standard because its gold reserves in the Bank of England had practically vanished by a run on gold g;eclpluud largely by an unbalanced budget and by credits frozen in Germany, Austria and Hungary _following the banking crises there. The run was so bad that even $650,000,000 of special credits ob- tained in New York and Paris were insufficient to stem the tide. Voluntary Cases Exceptional. Cases of voluntary departure from | the gold standard are very exceptional.' In one sense America’s action was not wholly voluntary, because foreigners were showing undue apprehension about possibility of inflation and were selling dollars short, with great danger of large amounts of gold being lost due to this abnormal factor. It was volun- tary in that we could have withstood this run on our gold in so far as our supoly of gold was concerned, but the effect on the popular mind of heavy withdrawals by foreigners would have Lngcmud the “depressionist psychology” re | | | Advantages in Change. 3. Question: What are the economic advantages of going off the gold standard? Answer: It is not so much a question is one of averting economic disadvan- | tages. The economic advantages some- | times have been unduly magnified. In the case of England, the most that can | be sald is that the British economic situation might have been worse than it is had England not departed from gold as a standard. The condition of Great Britain or the Scandinavian and other countries which slid off the| standard with her cannot be said to | | have improved materially. | adjustment upward of wages. | man in the street is without a job, his y At the same time, England’s aband- onment of gold undoubtedly had a deleterious effect on the international economic situation. In our own case, going off the gold standard, being linked in the popular mind with rising prices, bas dispelled the buying let . The dr:ml“lih Tcfil&x; -tf s h}igmh:r when every- one is thini of prices may start buying on a big scale. Why Prices Rise. 4. Question: Why do prices go up‘ when we leave the gold standard? Answer: The cheapened dollar means higher prices because it takes more of them to buy a given amount of goods on the, world commodity market, in relation to other currencies. The fear of higher prices on wheat and cotton and the necessities of life serves to create a “buying panic” on the part of domestic consumers. With a depreciating dollar in their hands, they hasten to exchange it for some- thing they need or something on which they may realize a profit—such as stocks and real estate. Bonds, however, representing currency, are generally ignored by the buyers just as money 1s shunned. Prices don't necessarily rise when a country leaves the gold standard, how- ever, unless the country thereafter de- bases the currency by starting the print- ing presses, lowering the metallic content of the dollar or resorting to other drastic measures of inflation. England did not take these subsequent steps and there has been no marked rise in prices there. Ultimate Benefits. Question—Why is a rise in prices de- sirable when people are having & hard time now getting money to buy things? Answer—The man in the street who is without money to buy even at today’s low prices should be benefited ultimate- |1y by the rising market because mmg‘ prices mean increased buying, more money in circulation (there is still a | billlon dollars in hoarding), revival of | mployment and, in eventually a re- If the industry, increased el the natural course, chances of getting one should become better. If he has a job but his salary is slashed, his employer should be able to _restore wages to normalcy. Rising prices, generally speaking, are desirable for the same reason that fall- | ing prices are undesirable. Deflated prices or values represent workings of the “vicious-circle” of depression. The circle begins with fixed charges remain- ing the same, but profits decreasins then fixed charges, like wages #hd sal aries, are reduced as profits decline, which in turn results in lowered pur- chasing power, lowered demand for goods and lowered prices. Inflation seeks to reverse this process by raising rices, increasing demand for goods, en- &mnx profits and enabling industry to employ more men at better wages. FACTOR UNHARMED Any Ransom Was Paid for Son. By the Associated Press. CHICAGO, April 21.—Apparently un- | XIDNAPERS RETURN RETREMENT PAY 1S NOT AFFECTED |“lake the Barber” Denies Amendment Offered by Bu- reau of Budget Would Pro- tect U. S. Workers. . Government employes with 30 years' service would be automatically retired j)urmed‘ Jerome Factor, 19-year-old | under full retirement pay, the same as | Northwestern University student, held | though they had reached the super- |in President’s | RETIREMENT FACES President May Keep Many U. S. Workers D:C. BILL CHANGES Injlte ({f 30-Year Retirement Rule T0 BF CONSIDERED 200, C. OFFICIALS Donovan, -Richards, Brown, Watson Affected by New U. S. Proposal. Fears that the administration’s pro- Pposal for retirement of all 30-year Gov- ernment employes would sweep out of District service as many as a score of its most prominent and trusted execu- tives arose today as the new economy move was studied at the District Build- ing. Definite determination of the effects of the retirement plan proposed late | yesterday by the Bureau of the Budget had not been reached at noon today | by District officials, since official state- ment of the retirement plan was lack- |ing at the District Building. Unless the plan is modified, or un- less a new interpretation is placed on the plan, however, it red to in- formed officials that approximately 20 of the principal District department heads would automatically lopped off on enactment of the proposal. In Retirement System. The District personnel is not by legislative act definitely a part of the Government civil service body of Gov- ernment workers, it is explained, al- though the District employes are made subject to civil service classification and regulation. The District employes are |included, however, in the Government retirement system. Therefore, it was the unofficial opin- ion of leading District officials that it was the intent of the Federal adminis- tration to include the District in the plan seeking the automatic retirement July 1 of all employes who have been 30 years in Government service, unless specifically exempted by the President. If this interpretation be found to be | correct, and unless the plan is modi- | fied, or wide exemptions granted, it ap- peared that the economy act would fall heavily on outstanding District officers. | A check of District records showed approximately 20 of the major District | oficials in key positions have served the | Government for 30 years. | Heading the list of District officials | who have a service record of more than 30 years is Maj. Daniel J. Donovan, District "’Idltnr. Maj. Donovan en- tered Di€.ict service at the age of 15 and has served the Government 42 years. In addition to being veteran au- | ditor for the District, he is the budget officer of the local government and its personne] officer for statutory employes. | Another veteran District official who appears to be subject to retirement under the plan is Willlam P. Richards, District assessor, who entered the local government work in 1891. He has an enviable record and his work has from ! time to time won commendation from | leading members of Congress. He his ‘bemnge-d of the assessor's office for many years and is generally recognized as an outstanding public servant. | been in District service for 43 years and | has held his present position for many | years, acting as secretary through nu- merous administrations. He first en- tered the District service in 1880. | " Maj. Ernest W. Brown, superintendent | of the Metropolitan Police Department, has been in District service since 1896 and since his rather recent elevation to the head of the police force has won | commendation from leaders both in and out of public service. The plan also would hit George S. wilson, director of the District Board 1 of Public Welfare, who entered District service in 1800. Fire Chief Affected. Another veteran District official whose service is widely recognized and | respected s George 8. Watson, chief engineer of the District Fire Depart- ment, who entered the District service 1901. Dr. D Percy Hicking, District alien- captive by kidnapers for $50,000 ran- annuation retirement age, according to 1 ist, first entered District service in 1897, som, was freed early today by his ab-! provisions of the proposed amendment but since there have been periods during ductors and réturned to his mother's| to the retirement act offered by the Which he has been out of the local apartment in the Rogers Park district. | Bureau of the Budget vesterday as a | He professed not tc know where he | rider on the independent offices appro- under the 30-year service proj had been held prisoner since his ab- | duction & week ago last Wednesday | night. | Some of the police were inclined to | believe that at least part of the $50,000 | ransom demanded was paid, but John | Factor, international speculator and | father of the boy, denied this. “I never paid them a cent,” he said, “and I'll see this thing through.” Capt. Dan Gilbert, head of the State's attorney’s police, also said no ransom was paid. As near as the boy could tell, Gilbert said, he was driven by the kidnapers last night to & location in the city un- familiar to him and released. After walking several blocks, he said he hatled a taxicab and ordered the driver to take him to his mother's address. He sald he was not blindfolded. but could not say whether he had been held prisoner for more than a week in a city apartment or in some location out- side Chicago—possibly a farm dwelling. The youth declared today the room his abductors kept him in “looked a lot like a coffin” Aside from that, he told his mother and father, the experi- ence wasn't 8o bad. of currency stabilization to s point where a showdown seemed inevitable. At the State Department, the word was passed to foreign governments that the sudden change in America’s mone- tary policy was dictated by domestic economic considerations and nog to give the President increased bargaining power in his talks with foreign states- men. The effect upon the American posi- tion in the international parleys was not denled, however. In several quar- ters the prediction was heard that Prance likewise might be forced off the sold standard and that with its abandonment by the last of the majar powers the way would be opened for restoration of a new international standard to which the nations would adhere at revised currency parities. President Roosevelt has been ad- vised by some of those closest to him not to make any commitments to re- turn to the international gold standard without first obtaining measures to raise the American price level. This result is t0 be achieved by itroduced Y, which would give the Executive power to launch a controlled inflation of the currency. ‘Will Confer Tonight. In this same measure is contained authorization for the President to take up the matter of war débt payment as it would empower him to accept up to $100,000,000 in silver at & maximum price of 50 cents an ounce in payment of intergovernmental debts under a one-year limitation. Both MacDonald and Herriot have made it clear that they will broach the subject of revision of their billions in war debts—the next installments on which are due June 15—and when they €9, the President will be in a position to make a definite offer contingent ll)l_;fim congressional approval of the new il An informal dinner tonight at the White House and the quiet of an after- dinner smoke will give the first oppor- tunity for host and t to talk over the problems which have brought Mr. Roosevelt and MacDonald On & Sunday trip into Spring foliage of the country or down the Potomac on they -will have opportunity to leg‘n‘nnd" .more of what is in each other’s . & R mw:dhu fo¢ |\ The speaker that: Presiden lmp_umu economy. bilh.. ... priation bill. Fears which first arose among Gov- ernment employes that they would suf- fer a great reduction in their retire-, ment under the old “involuntary sep- artion” clause of the retirement act were allayed today by explanation in of- ficial circles that this drastic secticn of the retirement act is not intended to apply under the new proposed 30-year forced retirement. $1,200 Pay Estimated. Most of the Government people auto- matically retired under the proposed legislation would probably receive $1.200 & year, it was estimated. As a matter of fact, all persons whose average sal- ary over a period of five years had been $1,600 or more would receive $1,200 a year. Those persons receiving an average salary between $1,400 and $1,600 a year would receive three-fourths of this aver- age pay. According to figures calculated by an expert today, the retirement annuity of | the great majority of those forced from the service by this new 30-year proposal would be as follows: i Average Salaries. $1,600.00 or over. .. 1,550.00 . 1,500.00 . 1,450.00 ++. 1,087.56 1,400.00 . .+ 1,050.00 ‘Those persons who are in the salary range of less than $1,400 will receive, under the law, an amount based on somewhat different calculation, due to the mathematics of the retirement act. Generally speaking, it was explained that these people will receive an an- nuity depending on their average sal- ary and the amount of money which they have paid into the Civil Service retirement and disability fund. Would Get Three-Quarters. ‘These people receiving less than $1,400 annual salary on the average would get retirement pay of at least three-quarters of this average salary, and In most cases somewhat more than'three-quar- ters, depending upon the amount of their credit in this Civil Service retire- ment fund. The new proposal would be admin- istered based on section 4 of the old retirement act of May 29, 1930, but would not bring into play the so-called involuntary separation secticn of that same act. This involuntary section, if it had been applied, would have op- erated to drastically reduce the amount of retirement pay forthcoming to these people forced cut after 30 years of serv- ice. When the new recommendation first came to light it aroused great con- cern among Government people for fear it might throw out many people cf comparatively young ages with en extremely small annuity. These fears, however, were dissipated by assurarnces from official quarters today that the new proposal meant no such thing. HITS VETERANS’ SLASH COLUMBUS, Ga., April 21 (#.— James E. Van Zandi of Altoons, Pa., in an address yesterday at the Georgia Convention of the Veterans of Foreign Wars, said the economy bill relating to veterans' benefit reductions was “big business.” Van senior vice., com- Veterans _of Foreign Rate Per Annum. $1,200.00 1,162.56 1,125.00 is na mander of the 'ars. \ of : the [ Ruth Government work it did not appear | certain today whether he would come | Other prominent District officials | whose service records indicate they s would be subject to the automatic re- tirement proposal include the fol- lowing: D. W. Holton, superintendent of the | Water Department; Chatham ers, | District tax collector; W. D. Clark, ir., deputy collector of taxes; E. H. Grove, | registrar of the Water Department: Dr. William C. Fowler, District Health officer; Morris Hacker, supervisor of city refuse; M. C. Hargrove, purchas- | ing officer, and L. 8. Johnson, John | T. Bardroff, Edward P. Fletcher and | Frank A. Gunther, assistant District tax assessors. Several District officials made the | point today that the Government is receiving the most efficient service from employes, who have proved their worth, between the ages of 45 and 60 years, due to the experience and train- ing they have obtained during earlier years of service. SN CoR |SEARCH FOR COSMIC RAY | SOURCE HIT BY MILLIKAN By the Associated Press. PHILADELPHIA, April 21.—Search for the source of cosmic rays in the stratosphere is described as valueless by Dr. Robert Millikan, credited with dis- covery of the ray. Outlining his own failures to find the rays’ source in the Milky Way, the stratosphere, the sun and outer stars to students of Bryn Mawr College yester- day, Dr. Millikan said the theory that the rays might originate in the upper reaches of the earth’s atmosphere is “crude and unintelligent.” Delicate instruments which he sent up in balloons to an elevation of 9 miles showed the cosmic rays in almost 100 times in intensity at that height, Dr. Millikan said. This increase, however, was not sufficient to indicate approach to the source of the rays, he declared. REICH DERIVES BENEFIT FROM U. S. GOLD DECREE Will Be Able to Pay Debts in De- valuated Paper Dollars, Com- munique Says. By the Associated Press. BERLIN, Aprfl 21.—One effect favor- able to Germany of America’s abandon- ment of the gold standard, according to a semi-official comm: today, is that despite the gold clause in her debt arrangements Germany may be enabled to discharge her obligations in devalu- ated paper dollars. “It would obviously be inequitable,” the communique said, “that‘a country, while reduc! by legislative act the gold of its liabilities, should simultaneo gold value re- specting its repayable credits.” BRYAN HOME SOLD ¥. Cheek Made Purchase of Villa Serena for $30,000. , MIAMI, Fla., April 21 (#).—Vila Jmmmdgmh'r Cheek of Miamf for $30,000. 2] The sale as revealed when a deed of A X €0~ tors of thelr w. Bryan Qwen, father’s estate, made the sale. 4 . QGarges, secretary to the P (Continued From First Page.) these men are engaged will end with their retirement. Away from their laboratories they cannot continue. They have built up stores of specialized knowledge and technical skill which cannot be replaced and there are no men living who can take.their places. All Service Reached. Moving out with these will be many other workers in responsible posts, whose services have been considered in- dispensible; and then there are those of lesser place, the new 30-year work limit proposed reaching the whole breadth of the Federal establishment, even into the White House. In all, approximately 22,000 employes ‘would go out, according to figures pre- pared by the Civil Service Commission as of December 31, last. Just what pro- portion of these would be removed from the rolls in Washington is indefinite. Broadly, sbout a tenth of the Federal establishment, or 60,000 workers, are on duty here, but in the departmental service the average length of employ- ment is above that in the fleld and the percentage of those subject to compul- sory re ent naturally would run higher. » The commission figures, submitted in connection with s recommendation for optional retirement after 30 years' serv- ice, showed that as of the end of De- cember 21,927 employes uld have been employed for this length of time without reaching the age of retirement for their age groups. These were di- vided as follows: tirement at 72, whose average age was 57.488 years; 9,978 due to retire at 65, whose average age was 56.033 years, and 3217 in the 62-year-age group, whose average age was 54.288 years. One point, in doubt yesterday when the new proposal became known, seemed to have been cleared up today, there being general agreement that any worker retired would get the maximum amuity, whatever their age might be. ‘The retirement act provides for lesser payments when an employe is involun- tarily separated from the service (ex- cept for cause) at an age below the limit of his age group, and for that reason, fear was expressed that a worker of 60. for example, in the 73- yeax group, would find himself drawing the annuity for his age, which is slight- ly more than 61 per cent of the statu- tory payment. Best advices obtainable, however, indicate that when the Budget Bureau framed this new plan it was intended to have maximum an- nuities apply. Increases Annuities. If the 30-year limit goes into effect, one result will be an increased expendi- ture by the Government for annuities. This is evident from a report made by the Board of Actuaries of the Clvil ministrator of veterans’ affairs last month in discussing the 30-year op- tional retirement plan. Pointing to the compulsory retirement declared this had raised the cost to the Government by 17 per cent and that thé Government should increase its ap- per annum to cover the annual accruin; costs of the benefits. It amplified that at present the Gov- ernment contributes only $21,000,000, as compared to $31,000,000 from the work- ers, and emphasized that the present rate of appropriation is entirely too low to cover the annual cost. The new plan will find support if it is an alternative to wholesale dismissal it was indicated today. At one estab- lishment it was said that 43 workers would be retired at $1,200 annually, but that without it more than 70 work- ers would have to be dismissed to get within the appropriation allowed. Hope for Clarification. ‘The hepe was voiced that the pro- vision allowed the President to exempt | ica. workers would be clar 80 that it would be known if these exemptions are intended!o be for two years, thus con- forming “to given, or it they are intended to be Le'rmment. This point. raised in the t economy act, never has been de- cided, and as a result those employes under extensions have no certainty as to how long their positions will last. The Budget Buresu report drew an immediate attack from the National Federation of Federal Employes. Luther C. Steward, the president, termed it “the most sweeping step ever under- taken in the United States in the establishment of a dismissal wage” and predicted it would work havoc with the Government establishment unless wisely admi ‘The American Federation of Govern- ment Employes today addressed a letter to Chairman Byrns of the House Appro- | priations Committee asking for & hear- ing on the measure. At the same time the national g:uuent, John Arthur Shaw, said he had called all the presi- dents of the Washington locals to meet S stion Supported by the Fed- wage” ation sup) y the Fed- u:'nnn also will be considered. Sclentific Field Hit. In the fleld of sclence the Public Mealth Service, one of the younger branches of the Government, will suf- fer the loss of such men as Dr. Edward Francis, discoverer of tuleremia, and Dr. George W. McCoy. director of the National Institute of Health and ome of the world’s foremost experts on lep- TO8sy. l;r. Prancis is 59. He is practically the only man in the world who knows anything about the dreaded rabbit fever and only a month ago it was revealed that he was able to continue his re- search work on this deadly disease only by keeping himself continuously ex- posed to 8:0 germs. He entered the Government service in 1900. Dr. McCoy also entered the service in 1900. -He achieved international prominence by his fl:ht against parrot fever when that deadly and practically unknown _disease was sweeping the | country three years ago. Both these men have risked their lives over and over again in the fight against new microorganisms which were gaining a hold in the country. The scientific bureaus of the De- partment of Agriculture are hit & smashing blow. Among those hit are Dr. F, Marion Dorset and Dr. John R. Mohler. Dorset is the man who conquered hog cholera. The money value of his service to the American farmers hardly can be estimaied. One of his latest. achievements, reported only last year, was the discovery of the cause and cure of & poultry disease which was causing heavy losses. Dr. Mohler is the man who ‘freed the United States of the foot-and-mouth disease of cattle. He is chief of the al other war on insects. Maseum Hit Worst. Perhaps the worst hit of all the estab- lishments is the United States National Museum, where the wol special that no substitutes can be found who would not require years of Just within the 30-year class 8,732 subject to re- | the Service Retirement System to the ad- | and much wjll vanish from the sum to- | tal of ehdumm knowledge when his work is ended. Another {5 Dr. Leonard Btejneger, curator of blology, who also is :’;:lafi on an extension intment. rtsch who em- t service in 1806. another is Dr. Paul He'l'in the midst of impertant e the midst of im it re- search on the problem of heredity and just returned from an expedition which studied the life of the great ocean deeps. Gerrit 8. Miller, jr., curator of mammals, entered the museum service in 1897. He is considered the foremost living authority on North American mammais. Barely a year ahead of re- tirement is Dr. Ray 8. Bassler, curator of geology, and world famous. paleon- tologist. Still another just on the re- tirement line is Dr. Charles W. Gil- more, considered the foremost Ameri- can authority on prehistoric reptiles. All of these men gre active.in the arduous fleld work required on scientific expeditions. Some of the heaviest losses will be to the Burea® of American Ethnology. Among the men slated to go is Dr. John R. Swanton. Preserves Indian Languages. He is in the midst preserving the languages of the Southern tribes of In- dians, some of which now are spoken only by one or two survivors. Another hit by the order is Dr. J. N. B. Hewitt, the world foremost authority on the ois Indians. most of whose data still is unpublished. Another man whose place could not be filled is Dr. Frederick W. Fowle of the Astrophysical Observatory, expert on the behavior of e sun. The Naval Observatory will be hard hit. Among those who would go under the order is Frank B. Littell, leader of many solar eclipse expeditions all over the world. » ‘The prospect of losing all the 30-year men was described as “the toughest blow yet” at the Bureau of Standards. During the past two years blow after | blow has been hit at this oranch of the | Government, with known instances of |men who have saved millions for the Government forced to take their chil- dren out of school because of pay cuts. Among the men hit by the order is ‘Dr. Lyman J. Briggs, recently con- firmed as director, and a physicist of world-wide renown. Another is Dr. H. C. Dickinson, chief of the heat and power division, have ?llycd & significant part in the rise of the American automobile and aircraft industries. A curious case is that of Dr. Frank A. Wulf, chief of the telephone division. Dr. Wulf saved millions for the Government by his expert testimony in the so-called ‘Westinghouse sults over the. use of | telephone equipment during the World | War. -Still another is Dr. Hen X | Hubbard, one of the foremost authori- | ties on atomic physics, who long has |served as assistant to the director. | Another is Dr. Frederick J. Bates, i chief of the sugar division. One of | his latest accomplishments ‘was the discovery of means of feature of the last economy act, it was | ropriation to more than $44,500,000 | g the extensions formerly | C. obtain| levulose from artichokes, thus opening a new industry to the American farmer. ‘The order hits Dr. Edgar Buckingham, ;he country's leading suthority on gas low. Experts Would Go. | ‘The bureau also 1s threatened with | | the loss of expert instrument makers | |and draftsmen, who will be difficult to | | replace and Whose absence seriously will | cripple the work. | e Coast and Geodetic Survey is threatened with the loss of Maj. Wil- | liam Bowie, chief of the ‘;eoduy section | in the midst of his life job of triangula- | tion of the United States. Another loss feared is that of Comdr. N. H. Heck, uskes. Still another is that of Dr. ‘alter D. Lambert, foremost mathe- matician of the service. Other pronsinent scientists who fall under the 30-year order, and whose names “:pmr in “Who's Who in Amer- Claude H. Birdseye, chief topograph- ical engineer of the Geological Survey; Charles Buttts, Geological Burvey; Lee 3 Plant Ind | | L | Coast and Geodetic Survey; Albert 8. Hitchcock, Depastment of Agriculture; Karl F. Kellerman, assistant chief, Bureau of Plant Industry. Most of these men, it was stressed at the various scientific bureaus, will be cut off when their value to the Gov- ernment is greatest. Many have worked their way up from unspecialized posi- tions in the Government service, study- ing at night and at their own expense. Many, unable to support families until | their educations were complete, married |late and have familles of chil- dren. Many of them have refused more lucrative positions outside the Govern- ment because of their interest in par- ticular research asolution ey. At the White House the 1 would virtually wipe out the mmhn!d- ing the more important staff positions. White House Personnel Hit. Amon,mthm who would be forced out of tl lervlceog this proposal are such invaluable cials as Rudolph Porster, the executive clerk, who is in charge of the White House office pers sonnel, and who has been serving un- der presidents in a confidential capacity since 1897; Irwin Hoover, chief usher White House, who has been on who is sons of any other man in service; Patrick E. McKenna, usher of the executive office, Who famed for his tact and diplomacy, who has been serving under Presidents since Theodore Roosevelt; Clarence T. Hess, appointment clerk; Maurice C. Latta, assistant to the executive clerk, who has 37 years to his credit; C. E. Ingling, J. C. Willis, and W. T. Mar- shall, of the executive office file room; Ira Smith, chief mail clerk; E. W. Smithers, Jules Rodier and Fred E bein, of the communications section of the White House; Charles Wagner, one of the principal clerks, and Joseph Shehan, chief of the White House mes~ sengers. Aside from these wholesale dismissals in the course of such a proposal, there are Nelson Webster, disbursing officer, who is past the 70-year retirement age and is continuing on in the service %:ehlbly known to more | all the social functions. foremost American suthority on earth- | person n|bill vetoed last March through & presidential order issued last year; Capt. Clarence Dalrymple, in command of the White Zforce, and Lieut. Ernest Seaman, his assistant, as well as Sergt. us Walters, Pvts. W. L. Hospital, C. 8. Baum, John M. Bramlett. Ralph W. Magee, John A. McCabe, also of the social division, have more than 30 years accredited of Federal service. A number of measengers also would be removed by this proposal, among them being Charles Thompson, Charles Willlams and Harry L. Mickey, William Tannell, in charge of the clean- ers and laborers of the executive office, Tufk st the. time he was Sectetary” of t at the e was of War, also will be affected. By the removal of all of these White House officials and employes who have 30 years or more service to their credit, every position of imj and value at the White House will have a new face. Insother words, this score or more of men who served under numerous Presidents and who are virtually indis- pensable because of their long experi- ence would be removed. These men are looked upon as especially valuable to the President himself and for the smooth running of the White House and the executive office because of their experience, their familiarity with the work of the executive office and t! activities of the White House, their knowledge of White House precedence, their wide acquaintance with the na- tional figures and with the depart- mental heads. Hoover Served 10 Presidents. Irvin Hoover, better known as “Ike.” is the outstanding veteran of them all and is probably the most widely known. In the capacity of chief usher of the White House, he is actual “major domo’ of the presidential home. During the long years he has served under 10 Presidents, he has acquired & knowledge and experience that is most valuable to the successful conduct of the ‘White House itself. it is his duty to see to the comfort and convenience of the President and the members of his household. He carries out the plans for He is in charge of the servants, the porters, waiters-and all those who work about the house itself. The secret service force at the White House, comprising 10 men, ill not be immediately affected, but this rider would remove Willlam Moran, veteran chief of the service, who celebrated his 50 years of service during the past year, and Joseph Murphy, assistant chief, who while only 55 years of age has been in the service 34 years, a large part of the time heing on the White House secret service detail. Naturally there is consternation among the White House executive office employes today as a re- sult of this rider, because of the de- vastating effect it would have on the personnel of the White Fouse. Text of Proposal. ‘The text of the proposal to auto- House pol ing | matically separate from the Govern-| ment employes who have had 30 years' service follows: “All employes in the civil service of the United States to whom the civil service retirement act, apprcved May 29, 1930, applies, wbo shall havc ren- dered on or after July 1, 1933, =t least 30 years of service, computed pre- scribed in section 5 of that act, shall be automatically separated from the | service and shall be entitled to an an- | | nuity as provided in section 4 of said act:_ Provided that the President may, Executive order, exempt from the provisions of this section any person when in his judgment the public in- terest so requires: Provided further, that this section shall not apply to any named in act of pro- viding for the continuance of such per- sons in the service: Provided fi er, that should any such annuitant be re- employed in the service of the United States or the District of Columbia, the annuity shall cease during such re-em- ployment.” In the bill the President recommended appropriating $506,838,000 for the Vet- erans Administration in the 1934 fiscal ear, as compared with this year's al- lowance of $948,799,000. For all inde- | pendent executive agencies the Presi- dent asked $615,150,000, as against the present allotment of $1,105,356,000. Sought New Legislation. Then Mr. Roosevelt sought new legis- lation that would empower him: ‘To modify or cancel existing Govern- ment contracts; to increase for a two- year period payments charged by the Government for any services rendered or articles sold; to furlough any Army officers on half pay; to suspend or re- duce the extra fiying pay in the military services. In addition, the President asked Con- gress to eliminate from existing law the requirement for one year's sea pay to Naval Academy graduates not com- ; to transfer the Botanic Gar- dens to Department of Agriculture. ‘The request for the sweeping new suthority was made in the budget mes- sage _written by Director Douglas. The President’s letter said simply he was transmitting_the estimates “with whose comments I concur.” Douglas’ message, addressed to the President, said of the proposed grants of wer: “There are also here suggested for inclusion in the blllhc':l.“uwlrilnmlwhelrs for general legisiation w enable you more fully to comply with the expressed intent of Congress that the affairs of the executive branch be conducted with the utmost economy.” $615,159,000 Asked For. ‘The independent offices appropriations by President Hoover would have appropriated $1,083,- 567,000, of which $80,252,000 were per- manent annual expenditures fixed by law. President’s Roosevelt’s message called for $615,159,000, of which $79,- 591,000 were permanent appropriations. ‘With only two exceptions—the Farm Board and the Supreme Court Build- ing Comm! slashes hit every agency for which the independent of- fices bill appropriates. ‘They began with the Veterans’ Ad- ministration, cutting the $945,988,000 provided in the vetoed bill for military compensations and pensions down to $485,988,000. The remainder of the ad- ministration’s al 0,850,000 for the civil service retirement and disabil- ity fund—remained unchanged. The White House was cut from $427.- 000 to $363,000, inclu & reduction from $75,000 to $68,750 for the Presi- dent’s salary. ‘The heads of the weather bureaus in ry important city in the United States will be forced into retirement simultaneously if the 30-year compul- sory retirement provision of the inde- pendent offices appropriation bill’ is more than 30 years of . These include heads of the service in Washintton and in New York, Chicago, AR e s Dt .3 bus, Ohilo; - ver an¢ New Or- ALL MAIN CITIES ARE FACING LOSS OF WEATHER MEN BY 30-YEAR LAW - |Survey of Nation Shows 90 Per Cent of Chief Forecasters Have Had More Than Three Decades’ Setvice. and B. C. Kadel, in charge of the in- struments division, and Willlam Weber, chief clerk. A list of the forecasters in other cities who will be forced out includes: Maj. Edward H. Bowie, San Francisco. Dr. Isaac Cline, New Orleans. assistant forecaster, New | gen, | uce| Senate Subcommittee To- morrow May Soften Ap- propriation Cuts. The District Subcommittee of the Senate Appropriations Committee will meet in executive session tomorrow morning to decide what changes it will reconimend in the 1934 District bill, which came from the House two weeks 880 carrying only $31,967,442, a drastic reduction under current appropriations. Senator Thomas, Democrat, of Okla- homa, in charge of the bill, had expect- ed to hold a subcommittee meeting today, but the pressure of urgent na- tional problems made it necessary to let the local supply bill go over a day. May Soffen Reductions. There are strong indications the Sen- ate subcommittee will recommend a number of amendments to soften the eflect of far-reaching reductions in he mainterance funds by giving the Com- missioners certain general powers to transfer money from one subhead to an- other within departments, particularly in the schools, libraries, playgrounds, health and public welfare activities. The subcommittee also has before it & suggestion that approximately a million dollars of unexpended balances from prior appropriations for the Municipal Center project be made available for :lcll;oololtm:lfllng confxtl:ucnon. The House n low a single school b construction item. e U. S. Contribution Slashed. In slashing the figures throughout the bill the Budget Bureau and the House also made a deep cut in the Federal contribution by bringing it down to $5,700,000. One of the important ques- tions to be decided by the Senate sub- committee is what recommendation it will make on this question. Civic or- ganizations in urging the Senate to stand for a more equitable Federal share, pointed out that the Federal con- tribution has already taken a sharp cut in recognition of the temporary need for economy and_ should not be reduced still lower. In the current appropriation act the lump-sum was luced from $9,500,000 to $7,775,000. If the Thomas subcommittee finishes m"a{k‘l:(betrhe bg]l wn:grow it probably fore the entire Appropri; Committee Monday. DEIGEEatIGe TWO-EDGED ATTACK MADE ON REGROUPING PLAN OF ROOSEVELT (Continued From First Page.) such a move would impair the eficienc of the buresus of statistics, luouna se-vige. locomotive inspection, safety and fnance, by taking them from a continuing independent body and put- ting them under supervision of a cab- inet officer of limited tenure probably untrained in interstate transportation, and instead of producing economy would produce waste of time and money. News of the proposal embodied in the independent offices bil! brought a storm of criticism in ranking Army circles. It was viewed as a club to render useless continued opposition to the President's economy program which 'has for its ob- Jective the saving of $144,000,000 in the War Department’s 1934 appropriations. It has been reported in reliable quar- ters that the President’s advisers have recommended a cut of $90,000,000 for milif activities and $54,000,000 for the public works service conducted by Particular - résentm cular resentment was surface in Army circles, becnu:l;. :l: cording to interpretations of the bill, the President has aimed his retirement legislation entirely at the Army. That the administration also presented the t:lltlhmA nsxomflefi l:'lthout consultation offict - nentment.y als has stirred up re See Joker In Measure. The joker in the bill, accor the views of ranking Army omg::l: '1: section granting the President power to modify or cancel any contract to which the United States is a party. They interpret this to mean that en- ent contracts of as many men in the service as the President may so de- sire can be canceled. They said it also glves the President the power to can- cel commissions held by Army officers, Army circles said that from experie ence with contract revocations follow- ing the World War the administration would have to set up a gigantic bureau ’ro CAITY out necessary litigations. Serv- ice circles predicted the industrial world s well as labor organizations will wage & bitter fight against this paragraph. A demand that Congress bring the fight of cutting :gpropnlnom and fly- ing hour pay in the Army's Afr Service into the open for a thorough thrashing out was reported by officers to be under way. It was pointed out that the morale of the air branch of the Army is now at 8 low ebb and further reductions prob- ably would have a disastrous effect among the personnel. The sum re- ’"ul;edo;lur‘l;gc:gs fiscal year for flying wi $1,995,900. SRk Officers said in view of this it is not believed economical f;:n g‘a’r‘l‘l gress to decrease the value of the national defense provided by the Army Alr Corps by losing the services and flying interests of many enthusi- astic flyers by reducing their compensa- tion for this duty. They asserted further that such a procedure is not economy. The officers were of the opinion that the proposition of reduc- ing flying pay was due principally to the favorable showing made in com- mercial fl; and because attention is bef upon methods which may be used for decreasing Government ex- penditures. They further asserted that. l.tuh mcim!h t to mglllplre military avi- lon wi commer« aviation in re- lpectu wulocldg'c&. eantime, retary of War Dern n_id the Army’s economy plan still is in :’ ‘!;:Itmlu;n dl.t; Hlen lnm:mced that n was it when » definite statement could c‘e' made. The Secretary, who has been working on the subject with Budget Director Douglas, said he was not prepared at this to say to what extent the Army's personnel might be affected in the proposed cuts. Neither would the War Department head give any intima- tion of what branches of the service would be hardest hit. “It is an intricate and_complicated problem to work out and I cannot say at this time when we will solve this problem,” the Secretary said. CORRECTION Henry L. Dixon Named Senior War- den and Col. Hamilton Junior. Henry L. Dixon- has been chosen senior warden of St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Pifteenth and Church streets, and Col. West A. Hamilton junior war- In yesterday's editions of The 8tar, due to an-error, the of the two men were reversed.