Evening Star Newspaper, March 4, 1933, Page 8

. ' A8 x THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY.......March 4, 1933 THEODORE W. NOYES. The Evening Star Newspaper Company o, Disiicss Oftce 11th_ St New York Office. Chicaco Office: Lake 3 European Office: 14 R Ensland. Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening St ...45c per month The Evening a day’ Star (when 4 S The Evening (when 5 The Collec Orders NAt Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Datly and v $10.00: 1 mo., 85¢ Daily only ... 1 7$6.00: 1 mo.. 50c Sunday only . . $4.00: 1mo.40c All Other : 60c per month dey’ Star *..... 65c per month T 5c_per copy e ot the ~nd of cach month it tn by mail or telephone © 5000. nd Canada. $12.00 1.00 si 5¢ 50c States al y...1 37 13t 5 : 1yr. $5.00; 1mo. ember of the sociated Press. ‘Associated Press is exclusively entitled publication of all news dis- hot, otherwise cred- 50! the local news < of publication of are also 1 M T e use for rej edite President Roosevelt. Franklin Delano Roosevelt today takes the cath of cffice as President of the United States. He was chosen for this responsibility on the 8th of November by an overwhelming majority in the popular election and later in the electoral college by an even greater majority proportionately. hasis of the mandate by 3 ost of ve is a measure of the of the peopie of his ability | the country back to prosperity, to solve the problems that are ncw o difficult. Tt cannot be said, however, to be a gauge of the responsibility resting upon him, for that responsibility is not measured by majorities. It was fixed in the Constitution of the United States one hundred and forty-four years ago when the cffice was created. In details but not in degree it has been enlarged in the course cf those years. pe of the stewardship.entrusted to xccutive remains as in the begin- . that of the jnte fare of the whele p: In one item, however, President Ro-sevelt will have greater authcrity than any of his predecessors in the office. He is charged by act of Congress with the duty of the reorganization of e:tablishment in the 1omy and efficiency, sub- ative veto that is unlikely This is perhaps to bz undertaken and justified only by the exigencies of the Government and w P © ject to a legi t> be exercieed. viewed Pre t Rcosevelt takes office well equipped by ‘expericnce and competence. | He has served in the Federal adminis- tration and he has been for four vears Gove r of the te of New Ycrk, with an admirable record in that office d solve executive al effectively with a sverse Legislature. Sta becn M training for this onsi- which he nc assumes. His personal qualities have won for him the affectionate admiration of the people. He takes the office of President in the happiest auspices as regards this rela- tionship. The same great wave of public ap- proval which swept him into the presidency with tidal force gave Mr. Pocsevelt the support of a Congress vy Democratic, assuring at the outset of his pdmin support and co-operation in the legislative branch cf the Govern- ment. He will summon Congress in & sessicn shortly to institute measures for the correction of the ills from which the country is today suffer- ing. As to the wisdem cf the course thus to be indicated in his specific recommendations there can be no judg- ment until they have been laid in detail before the legislative body. It is impos- sible to judge of them even in the light of Mr. Rocsevelt's +declarations in the course of the campaign, for not only have conditions changed somewhat since those stirring weeks, but there is always an inescapable difference between cam- | paign pronouncements and executive perfcrmances Regardless of party, the American people look to President Roosevelt for sincere, capable and indefatigable s0 to ad r the affairs ttry as to correct the evils which it now suffering, to confid: and to redeem the unes that have brought about the present state of affairs. To give is il Today the | be made acquainted with that political injustice to affirm their readiness to co-operate in wiping it out. Constitutional disfranchisement bars the tax-paying, country-loving, law- abiding people of the National Capital from representation in Congress and from the right to choose electors for the presidency and vice presidency of the United States. Washingtonians are thus denied any sort of vote or voice in the laws which they must obey or in the selection of the officials who administer them. “TaXation without representa- tion” therefore still exists in an inte- gral, important sector of the Republic. “Taxation wihout representation” was “iyranny” in 1776 and it is “tyranny” today. thn‘the founding fathers set up the principle that levying tribute on American citizens under such conditions was an intolerable travesty on human rights they proclaimed a theory of gov- ernment that is eternal. The people of the District of Columbia want the people of the United States to know that they resent the imposition upon Washington of a system of political serfdom as bitterly as the creators of | the Republic resented the British yoke. | Some day the States of the Union | | will be asked to ratify a constitutional | | amendment designed to rectify this| | wrong. Washingteniens rejoice at an | | opportdnity, like today's presence of a vast host of voting Americans in the midst, to remind these visitors of the | | chance eventually to be given them to | bring about fundamental political jus- | tice at the seat of Federal Government |and thus remove an undeserved stigma | resting upon its residents. They are confident their rights will not be per- | petually deried thom at the hands of | those who possess remedial power, Deposits and Currency. Acccmpanying announcement of the declaration by Gov. Lehman of a two- | day bank holiday in New York State is | a statement issued last' night by the | Clearing House of New York City to | this effect: The unthinking attempt of the pub- lic to convert over forty billion dollars of deposits into eurrency at one time is, on its face, impossible. This vividly describes in a nutshell the situation that is today confronting the country. A state of hysteria has been prevailing in different parts of | the United States for several days. It bgan in Michigan and spre:d to other States. Bank “holidays” were declared pending the enactment of protective legislation and the adoption of measures by the banks themselves. State after State has followed suit, with one and ancther form of defensive provisions to | stem the tide of withdrawals of deposits, | | until this morning nearly forty had in- terpozed some form of check upon the current of demand for cash which could | not be immediately supplied without en- | dangering the seeurity of the entire sys- tem of banking. It is reassuring that yesterday Con- | bility of it. it involves, | His soul will pray for the genius to jus- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, -D. C, SATURDAY, MARCH 4, 1933. were raised on their shields. He comes to the presidency by the same processes as they came to kingship. And the festival character of inaug- uration day is as natural now as it was. uges ago. Sorhething stirs in the hu- man heart at such a time, something which requires expression. A sepsg.ef joy, a sense of pride, a sense of sym- pathy—perhaps it is a combination of all of these reactions. Be its caudes ever so obscure, there can be no doubt of its authenticity. The heart beats at a quickened pace, eyes grow bright, the whole spirit demands vocal utterance. The fever is contagious, the enthusiasm catching. Far down the street the watchers hear the music of the march- ers’ bands, glimpse the advaucing flags. The line moves nearer. An electric thrill runs through the throngs of spec- tators. At last they behold the central figure of the pageant. Perhaps they never have seen him before, perhaps they never will see him again. It does not matter. The immediate moment is everything. Cheer, then, and cheer again! Let the heavens resound with the gladsome noise! It is a right and proper prerogative of a democratic peo- ple. It is an attestation of civic free- dom. For the new Chief Magistrate the ex- perience will be everlastingly memor- able. It will be the greatest adventure, the greatest event of his life. * He will know the full happiness of it, and, quite as keenly, will feel the full responsi- He will see the throngs, hear their cheers, and he will be con- scious of their significance. All Amer- ica trusting him, all America manifest- ing its faith in him, all America fol- lowing bim, ke will vision the burdens that that confidence implies, the duties the labor it necessitates. tify the trust, the talent and the strength of mind and body required to continue to merit the credit of his countrymen. Thus the great parade, the joyous P festival, has its sober aspect. It 1s inevitable that it should be so, and many will be conscious of it. There- fore prayers as well as cheers will rise along the Avenue today. —————————— Dr. Senator Copecland commends Dr. Commissioner Reichelderfer as an of- ficial, demonstrating good politieal science as well as a polite demonstra- tion of the ethics of the medical pro- fession. — One of the interesting things about Washington, D. C.,, is the fact that it has no voie. It is something of im- portance to every citizen in the Nation. No visitor should neglect to investi- gate it. ———————_ ‘The reminder by Mr. Farley that a President cannot be expected to know all appointees in person may go a little _way to minimize the handshaking or- gress adopted a joint resolution giving | the controller of the currency authority | to regulate receipts and withdrawals | from the banks of the District of Co-| lumbia whenever in his judgment such | action is necessary or advisable. This| does not mean that the percentage rule | of withdrawals, which has alre2dy been | adopted by some of the local banks, will | be forthwith applied to all of them cr to any of them. It means that if cir- cumstances justify the fear that need- less withdrawals imperil the security of any institution it may be given the pro- | tection of such a rule. | In any event there will be no com- | plete stoppage of funds for the trans- | action of business. Emergency meu-‘ ures for the provision of a form of | currency can and will be adopted in | case of a general curtailment of with- drawals, and this currency, presumably | in the form of clearing-housz certifi- | cates, which have been used on previous | occasions, will supply all the essentials | of currency circulation. It cannot be too strongly urged that | there should be a calm consideration by | all the people of the fundamental char- acter of a bank, which receives the funds of depositors and lends them to others. The bank must lend the money of which it is thus made the custodian, else it cannot subsist. It lends upon | sound security, the credit of the bor- rower, supported by the indorsement of another, or upon the deposit of invest- ment securities of higher value than the amount of the loan. No bank can, without curtailing its legitimate and | necessary activities as lender, retain in its vaults the total amount of the funds deposited with it. To do so would be to lessen the amount of money in circula- tion below the point of business needs ard to restrict its own eafnings to the point at which it would be unable to maintain itself. A simultaneous demand by depositors for their funds .s, as the New York him the fullest support of his endeavor | Clearing House says in its statement, to this end is the duty of every citizen. ; an “unthinking attempt of the public to He will have the prayers of all for sus- | convert billions of deposits into curregcy tained health and courage throughout |at one time.” Suocess of such an at- his administration now beginning so tempt is impossible. This truth must auspiciousl; | be realized by the people of all com- AR { munities. t must be conceded that the weather | men did his best to contribute the | kindest words possible to the occasion. —r—e—————— et Individual sorrows must be for a time | forgotten. The ceremonial today is a reminder that there are times when the Another Day of Humiliation. | affairs of the state are unquestionably Once again this Capital Magnificent | of more concern than these of the pri- is host to the Nation, on the occasion | vate citizen. of the inauguration of a new President | ‘—w and Vice President of the United States | Cancellation of social affairs may in- and the accession to office of another | cidentally assist in balancing a few Congress. Once again Washington is family budgets, thus introducing the the scene of an inspiring political spec- tacle with which, except to serve as the stage where it is enacted, it has no con- cern except that of a mute, inglorious and helpless bystander. New Presidents Down Pennsylvania avenue today is and Congresses come and go, reflecting ! passing nothing less than America. That | in their rotation the smooth working |is the tradition of the occasion. Ever of the constitutional machinery, but |since 1829 it has bcen the unfailing half a million disfranchised residents ]custom of the masses of the people to of the District of Columbia must ob- |conduct into office their chosen chiefs. serve its operation on recurring inaugu- | They elect them, and they confirm their ration days in a spirit of detached help- | verdict at the polls by their physical lessness. These quadrennial Fourths of attendance at the inaugural ceremonies. March, however stimulating to the pa- They send them to the White House, triotism of the rest of the American |and they exercise their privilege to see people, are days of hu tion for vote- | that they arrive there. less Washingtonians. | Without being aware of it, they re- They feel themselves entitled at such | produce events which occurred before an hour to invite the attention of more | history began to be Written. Democracy privileged fellow citizens from the States |is very old, and somewhat repetitious. to the indefensible disabilities under | The Gothic captains who led the Teu- which the inhabitants of the Federal {tonic migrations against Rome ' were City live. Washington's case requires elected to that leadership. From their to be restated on every possible occa- |time to ours the selection of officials of sion because there are still many mil- | the state has been a boisterous and fes- lions of enfranchised men and women tive affair wherever the democratic con- who are unaware of the suffrage dis- |cept of government has prevailed. Every criminations to which the District of | cheer that rises along the Avenue'‘as Colul is subjected. To the,credit | Franklin D. Roosevelt passes will be an of ot uninformed compairiot;’ be it jecho of the roar which greeted the a‘dmtmrequkeywfllamh‘w of antiquity when. they | as great affairs. e Cheers and Prayers. | t woerd “‘cancellaticn” into small as well deals the Nation's highest official is expected to meet. —_— e A pageant is a benefit, as it concen- trates attention on the truly great ideas of government and for a time, at least, leaves no place for idle gossip. ————t———— The Stock Exchange is being re- quested to call in a few business doc- tors and prepare a new efficiency chart. ——.— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Washington, D. C. Although we haven't any vote When ballots have been cast, It's here you have to come to note The great result at last. Without a frown the skies look down, From all resentment free, So welccme to the good old town Of Washington, D. C. 1t holds for all a subtle spell ‘Which .cannot be denied. Here dwell brave men whose lives would tell. ‘The tales of patriot pride. Welcome you arc from near and far, Good neighbors let us be. No thought unkind your stay shall mar In Washington, D. C. Habitual Hardtimester. “Do you think hard times are over?” asked the impatient friend. “They may be” answered Senator Sorghum. “But you'll never convince the man who always thinks times are hard unless he has a soft job.” Jud Tunkins says when they shut up the Stock Exchange the job won't be complete unless they shut up the finan- cial gossips. Birds That Migrate. The lame ducks join in the parade And keep on going, east and west, Where new endeavors may be made By each to build a better nest. Power of Flattery. “Wouldn't you like to be a motion picture star?” *‘Yes,” answered Miss Cayenne. “Only I'd probably marry my press agent. >ouldn't possibly resist any one who con- tinually described, me as so beautiful and so clever.” “Few quarrels are ended,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. ‘“Peace is too often a breathing space between con- flicts.” ‘Warning to Pedestrians. Upon Inauguration day, My friend, don't take a chance. Cheer the Band Wagen on its way! Beware the Ambulance. “One of de most incouragigg moments in life,” said Uncle Eben, “comes when 2 man can stand in de street an’ holler ‘hooray’ an’ positively mean every word of it.” o Chinese Vital Statistics. From the New Orleans Times-Picayune. That Chinese earthquake death re- port has shrunk from 70,000 to 270. At which rate of reduction soon there may have been no earthquake at all, but instead an actual birth increase. Alcohol Mixture. o Falls Daily Argus-Leader. "‘K"nfi%fi“‘ to mix fuel alco- gasoline. If slcohol is to be mo:tlfbd with automobiling, it is bet- ter that it be in the motor instead of the motorist. ——o— Eyes and Ears. News. T mienf%grlx“iol}: “t’hltg "radio_crooners croon with their eyes closed is not so ‘when you t! ‘how many radio listen to thetf with their ears. ‘There's an old-fashioned phonograph down in the basement, down where | the cobwebs grow over the stairs; just an old-time cellar that no one calls “tap-roem,” or any such names, be- cause nobody cares. It just holds the wash on bad, rainy days, the furnace, the tubs, and that is not half; it harbors some boxes of jolly old records, and, in addition, our old phonograph. Yes, sir, as the radio boys say, we had neglected that anclent and honor- able machanism shamefully. Here it was, all covered with dust, but still quite capable of sending forth scme mighty good music. Carefully we dusted the top, and raised the lid. The tone arm and the sound box | (how old-fashioned those terms are!) were as shiny as ever. The needles of various types were just where we had left them so long ago. There was the old record brush the special one which was the favorite on many a Winter's evening amusement. Collecting needles, and brushes where- with to aust off records, had always | been a special hobby. | Of ali the brushes, this particular cne was outstanding, not conly for the way it fitted the hand, but particularly because of the excellence with which it did its work. Held in the right hand, and whisked arcund over the grooved face of the records, whether small or large, this favorite brush got every speck of dust. How carefully one brushed! Records were expensive in those days; most of the finer sorts had music on one side only. It behooved the ambitious collector | to take the best care of them he could. He brushed and he brushed. | Auy one who had been fo careless | as to sit on a record would have been | censigned instantly to outer darkness. x % x % Then came the radio. | For a long time the phonograph was | pushed over into & corner of the room. | ‘Then somebody, going a step further, ut a vase on top of it. After that, it found itself down in the basement, the honest old basement. The years pased. And how they passed! One would scarely have believed how fast they would or could, or did pass. | Then one day, in an idle moment, | one found one's seif timidly raising | the old familiar lid. What a natural action it was, after all. One wondered how many thousands | of times it had been repeated, not with | boredom but because one vividly an- | | swered to the call of sweet music. | The sensitive ear, even in those days, | knew that perfection had by no means | | been realized. In many of the record- | ings there was a certain “sour” some- | thing, a flatness which other and less | | seasitive listeners could not hear, | Despite this flair for perfection, then | | as now the penalty of the discriminat- | | ing, the owner of the old-fashioned | phcnograph and records received the | truest reproduced music then in ex- | istence. i ) | | Thg great drawback. had been that ! after ‘a record had been played a hun- dred, or two hundred, or five hundred tlmez. it _began to be a bore. | And this no matter how excellent it | was, or how great the music which it recorded. There had been another factor, too, which acounted for the ease with which | many ‘a phonograph had been pushed | down into the lower depths. | | _This had been the constant necessity for jumping up and down. Improve- | ments designed to do away with this, | [ [ THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. the Bay came late and were never acquired by most. The old phonograph always had been, and remained, an instrument which necessitated that some one- hop up at the end of each “piece” and turn the disk over or put on a new one. ‘This last feature, probably more than any other, got tiresome. Usually there was some one in the family who was made the “goat,” in this regard, or who willingly assumed the task. In either case, they finally became weary, and were secretly glad when the radio came to relieve them. & After all, the essence of successful musical listening lies not so much im a receptive intelligence as in a comfor-{ table physical attitude, let who will dis- s0 widely recognized that remaining seated became the fixed habit at all concerts and renditions of ch&mber music. The incessant Ehyllu«l movement which attends a public band concert in a park often succeeds in destroying its beauty for thousands. * k kX So, the phonograph went downstairs; but now, as the hands raise the lid and place a record on the turntable, it all seems natural enough. After all, it is a marvelous instru- ment. It seems to “work” just as well s ever. And there is not a bit of electricity a:mu‘% it nor anything “automatic” at all. Out of an inert disk of what seems to | * be some sort of rubber composition and a contraption of metal, wood and mica come tones reasonably clear and sweet. They come, too, with surprising strength when one stops to realize that there is no electricity, mighty giant, boosting them to the skies. This record has reposed for years on the shelf, as silent as the wodd itself, but now at the touch of a hind and THE LIBRARY TABLE BY SARAH G. BOWERMAN. ARGENTINE TANGO. By Philip Gue- dalla. New York: Harper & Bros. The days seem remote when the tango first fascinated the dancing world and shocked conservative onlookers. Philip Guedzalla, on a vacation tour to South America, possibly to recuperate from the effort over his “Wellington,” which showed a vast amount of study, has dis- covered in Argentina and some of the other Latin American countries much that is symbolized by the tango and other dances of the same family, which he thinks could not have been inspired by jazz. “Those tinny rhythms have Lo power to prevail against the lift and march of Argentina’s tango or the dancing gayety of the Brazilian maxixe.” Impressions of the country, which he | did not find quite the “one vast bird | sanctuary” W. H. Hudson's books would | lead one to expect, and of the people | are casual, but penetrating. “Mad Metropolis” is his idea of Rio, whose “air is heavy with unreality, and cau- tious travelers, habituated to land- scapes couched in a more normal idiom, Justifiably refuse to-believe a word of it.” In Buenos Aires, he says, you do not know what gossip is until you have spent a month. It is a “gay city,” which carries dignity in architecture to “impressive lengths.” *Almost any one of twenty monumental buildings might be the general post office; potential Law Courts abound on every hand, and the solemn frontage of the opera might be the National Assembly, while by a natural compensation the Assembly ' looks very like a palace of the arts—an expensive palace of the more solemn rts.’ Mr. Guedalla finds considerable Brit- ish satisfaction in the fact that Ar- gentina was once, very briefly, a British colony and that Canning, convinced of France’s intentions in Spanish Amer- ica, reccgnized Argentina when she flew a rebel rlag. Canning's boast that he “called the New World into existence to redress the balance of the Old” was fairly well justified. There is much to | | | | the propulsion of a spring it leaps into syllables, That not a note, not a breathing, is different, that the listener instantly re- calls them all, as they arise, is no fault orIVEhe recurd,h was a fault of physics ang finality. i et How often the listener, in the old days, had hoped that somehow a mdracle would occur, on some record or other. and that the singer would suddenly cough, or do something else unexpected, at the point where one knew well enough that she would do nothing of the kind. But there were recompenses, too. Here was music without the benefit of annodncer! One did not have to listen to various eulogies nor be told that this great tenor was “the greatest tenor in the world.” Of course, he was! Everybody knew it in those days. Most_intelligent listeners knew the story of the opera and the scene which the record reproduced, in part. Just music, sweet music, without some ;nsumngly healthy voice roaring at you, “Well. folks, the sun is shining over of Naples and the fishing smacks have come out to fish, or to | smack, as the case may be. On the wharf the fishwives stand by thei: knitting as we listen to the wgnde:rull- voge of our street singe: me begins to think it & pretty good m‘i{ phonograph, after all. et lere are scores, hundreds, of e splendid A little furniture polish on the case, | & bit of buffing on the metal work and | the old box would look as good as new. i {:n“doubt it was a shame to exile it in vay. “Say, take that chair out of the cor- xl:;r there 1:1the dining room! The old onograph is coming upstairs! its” inauguration flu!g TS e High Lights on the Wide World A PRENSA, Buenos Aires.—Up to a short time ago, public libraries | in the different cities of South | America were lacking in ade- | | quate books for bringing better | mutual understandings and more | friendly contacts between Latin-Amer- | |ican countries, and also between these | countries and the United States. As | the importance of such educational and social benefits began to be more appre- ciated, a greater range and number of | books upon these subjects have been | | provided, at least in the libraries of the larger municipalities. The study of the geography and of the history of neighboring nations, par- | ticula#ly, has received a healthful im- petus. In the public and private schools | of Argentina suitable courses are now stressed in the curricula on these sub- jects, but we regret to say that the | study of extra-national politics, geog- | raphy and history is not receiving the | same specialized attention in our sister republics. Most of them are teaching these studies, it is true, but with text books that are saturated with an ex- | cessive patriotism and sentimental na- tionalism, the aims of which seem to be | the enhancement of their own coun- try's reputation, and the dimming of the luster of all others. Nevertheless, the time has arrived when the people of both North and South America are at least beginning to see the necessity of becoming really acquainted with each other, and of co- operating for common advantage. Every day the Western Continent is occupy- ing a more imporant pocition in the world. It is becoming more logically and more naturally the final strong- hold of industry, progress and achieve- ment. The destinies of all these peo- ples, and of all nations everywhere are inseparably involved with interests and developments in North and South America; and effective response to these demands and expectations, both for the old countries and the new, makes indispensable a fyll solidarity, and a close co-operation between the peoples that ccmpose our half of the world, where now are centered the hopes and inspirations of universal humanity. Other ways in which more cordial re- | 1ations may be established between the | various Latin-American countries, and between those countries and the United States are the use of picture films and greater opportunities for travel, but the chief acceleration of this process lies, as we have said, in the translation into both English and Spanish of books which will set forth accurately the his- tory and characteristics of the various peoples, and the relationships to each other which are involved. Something ‘has already been accomplished zlong this line, but official sanction and co- operation between the countries are still needed to make the results more reasonable and satisfactory. L All Creeds Opposed By Mexican Group. La Razon, La Paz—The Anti-Reli- | glonist League of Mexico has caused the arrest in the State of Vera Cruz of 20 Protestants who met: for services with their pastor, the Rev. Juan Mar- tinez, of the ranch El Padre. The or- ganization was instrumental in having these: persons incarcerated in the mu- | nicipal jail at Medellin, near which city | the arrests we{fi :flm It 1: fur- ther reported thal league confis- cated two Bibles at the scene of these devotions, which will be produced .at the hearings as proof of religious ob- servances illegally conducted. It ap- pears from this dispatch that the Anti- Religionist League is at least im| in its dealings with various * kK X Peruvians Declared Indifferent to War. el Tiempo, Bogota.—A well inform peflwn, wkszonrrived yesterday at Guay- aq\ultrumumhnnhudwaur correspondent in the former city that throughout Peru erally speaking, there is absolute ference about the | emerging from the | Peru procucey | what it is desired for them i ever before in history, Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands the people and the intensity of the struggle for daily bread mgnopoum all their attention. They have no in- terest whatever in the events transpir- ing at Leticia; that whole subject is exceedingly remcte from their thoughts. In all circles, too, there is manifested a profound distrust and scorn for San- chez Cerre, who wisely refrains from - presidential pal- ace, which is strongly guarded. g‘he traveler who gives our correspondent this information declares also that his inquirtes in many other sectors of d identical disclosures. The public is permitted to know only to know 3 and of Thlf ne}\;: is diluteti suit what are con- sidered the exigencies of the occas?gn h:v_the ministerial organ El Comercio, which carries out, unconditionally, the be}:e;v.s nll Sanchez Cerro. That paper s the only one permitted m%:le partsi oo per to circulate Te reigns in that count: & mendous destitution. Desplmryw’nrtlf:e gestures of the government, there are great numbers of unorganized and idle soldiers swarming through the land. Commerce and industry are paralyzed. and the entire population thinks but of one thing—that is, how they are to get the means of subsistence. Living in Lima is far cheaper than almogt but most people ince which would unger and other of the international situation internal affairs. °r embellished to have not even the pitta now relieve them of h suffering. ~ The government, litical chaos, is and sh . in the midst of po. obliged to provide food helter for as many of the impov- erished as it can, and in addition is confronted with the grave problem of 2 Communist campaign, especially in Lima, where walls are covered from top to bottom with placards of sub- yersive propaganda. The capital of ml’e.!'\.ld !hu changed from a city of gayety plendor int mourning. 0 one of dreariness and —_— e Importance i of Fairs, From the Fort Worth SubTe]el?nm.s There has been a tendency to dis- credit county fairs in various sections of the North and East. In the South- west a nomelznck" began in 1927-28, which hasn't peen altogether checked by the existence of the depression, IThe;: will }l:e & number of county fairs, in Texas this year and thos Which accent” them are :o;;.pulggi; 'sold” on their community values. Over in Leipzig, Gerlany, a fair 700 years of age is now putting on its 1933 event. It is a trade fair and began existence as a community - enterprise. It long ago became a sort of German Empire barometer of economics. First it grew into national importance and then it became of international value to the extent of representation this ye;rm I{J‘)lll'll 70 countries, provinces, etc, ru:nm ted States is always _rep- The Lelpzig Fair is me fair of any of the 254 co magnified Tely a county By iy ux:\tles of Texas growth and enterprise. wczss?é principle is the same. A county fair is the annual clearing house of agri- culture and industrial thrift and ambi- tion. The best of local production is It|1 . The money is all expended in the familiar circle, wherein a $5 bill can pay $100 worth of debts. ‘Texas shoud not fail in county fair terprises this year—or any other year. stage an internat =" connty seat. shouid county- sea clientele, make an Englishman feel at home in Argentina—FEnglish newspapers, an Eng- lish club, Harrods, an English colony which holds itself slightly aloof, and a clock tower, which was a birthday | present from Great Britain to the| new republic. Mr. Guedalla sadly but tactfully shakes his head over the big brother irritation, almost a com- plex, which South Americans feel toward the United States on account of the Monroe doctrine. “But what was plain was the resounding fact um‘ President Monroe cast the United States for the commanding role - of | guardian, and, since guardians can| hardly function without wards, his doc- | trine contemplated that the pretty part! of helpless infants would be played by the young republics of the South.” An | argumentative reader might like to have a chance to tell Mr. Guedalla that the loose, protective relation implied in | the Monroe doctrine is perhaps less| creative of complexes than Great | Britain’s relation to India. There is an interesting comparison, very general, | of course, of North and South Ameri-| can characteristics. Differences pre dominate, for “Argentina is not a Spat ish-speaking Illinois. nor Buencs Aire a brunette Chicago.” Though “Argen- tine Tango” may have more style than meat, it pas enough of both to make it a pleasant and informative book of the lighter sort. * K k% A life which has combined romance and unusual usefulness is that of an American woman who has lived for 30 years in France, where she h: her friendship and ) promoted internuational fellowship. Her story is teld in the handsome volume, privately printed for friends, “Grace Whitney Hoff: The story of an Abun- dant Life,” by Carolyn Patch (Cam- bridge: Riverside Press). Mrs. Hoff's home was originally in Dctroit, where, soon after her first marriage, she be- came interested in friendly work with women and girls, and later accepted the presidency of the new Y. W. C. A Her second marriage, to John Jacob Hoff, took her to France, where Mr Hofl's business interests were, and without intermission she continued there her interests already begun and plunged into many new ones. Her per- sonality has always been one of tireless 2nd unselfish energy. ganized the first British-American |'Y. W. C. A.; converted an old house in | the Latin quarter, on the site of an eighteenth century monastery, into a student hostelry,, where British and American students have for long found a home and club; and in 1928 gave a seven-story building in the Latin quar- ter for the use of stud:nts of every country. During the World War Mrs. Hoff did much hoepital work in the south of France, while her husband was active in the American Relief Unit in Paris. In addition to their Paris home, the Hoffs own two ancient chateaus, the Chateau du Breau near Paris and the Chateau de Peyrieu in the south of France. On the widespread grounds of the latter chateau she has bullt a num- ber of rest homes for war widows, work- | | ing girls and members of the Y. W.. C. A, where they are her guests for a month’s holiday. Carolyn Patch, who is an excellent biographer, was at one time secretary of the British-American Y. W. | C. A. in Paris and was later Mrs. Hofl's | personal_secretary. The bcok is pro- fusely illustrated with reproductions | from photographs and maps. * K % x “Measure” is the title of the attrac- tive journal of the Gerard Manley Hop- | kins Poetry Socicty of Georgetown Uni- | versity, of which Vol. 1, No. 1 has recently appeared. Its editors are | James C. Hendrickson, Theodore May. | nard and John Shields. Its honora: ymembers are Paul Claudel, Padraic | Colum, G. K. Chesterton, Jacques Mari- tain, Wilfrid Maynell and Edwin Arling- | ton Robinson. The brief editorial at the beginning of this initial number | tells of the organization of the society, in 1931-32, by three professors of the College of Arts and Sciences—Dr. Theo- dore Maynard, head of the English de- partment; Mr. Thomas A. Sulkie, 8. J., of the English department, and Rev. Francis Burke, S. J., of the department of philosophy. “The first of these, a vice president of the Catholic Poetry Society of America, wished to have that society represented at Georgetown; the second had in mird to bring students and faculty together for poetic discus- sion and creation, and the third wished to present an aesthetics based upon Augustine and upon Paul Claudel” In the production of “Measure,” under- graduates, graduates and professors are associated. It is devoted entirely to poetry and will appear twice a year, at Christmas and at Easter. The first poem in this number, “St. Peter,” is by Paul Claudel and is rendered from the French by Hugh de Burgh. It repre- sents, in_verse with a strongdramatic quality, Peter denying Jesus, then de- claring his love and loyalty and becom- ing the “first Pope” and with chained hands blessing ““Rome and the world of the dying sun.” The motives of some of the poems are religious and philo- sophical; others are inspired by aspects and moods of nature. * ok k * Mary Austin, whose autoblography “Earth Horizon” appeared recently, says of her choice of Sante Fe as a resi- dence: “I have had experience of various cities, includingNew York, end three great capitals of the world, and came back with intention to a small town in which I could play a vital part in the commuynity life. Here I nind three things which my experience has led me to select as most desirable; it is a mountain country, immensely, dramatically beautiful; it is contiguous to the desert with its appeal of mystery and naked space; and it supplies the eiement of the aboriginal society which have learned to recognize as my per medium. I have a genius for g:“;amnm for the origins of art and culture and social organization.” * kK Ok ok “Midsummer Night Madness,” by Sean O’ Faolam, is one of three books of 1932 nominated by the Engish Com- mittee for the Femina Vie *Heureuse and Northcliffe A French com- mittee will make final selection. The In Paris she or- | |now how it operat ANSWERS . TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Of the vast number of questions an- swered by this department, only a few can be published in this column. The ones that are printed must be of gen- eral interest and not personal in their nature. Do not, therefore, merely sign your initials to your letter and ask that the answer be published. Give your full name and address, 50 that you may re- ceive a personal letter in reply. Inclose 3 cents, in coin or stamps, for return postage. Do not use post cards. Direct your letter to The Evening Star Infor- mation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Was D. C. Q. How many people does Washing- ton entertain during the inaugural cere- monies?—N. B. R. A. Ko definite figure hds ever been compiled; but the Inaugural Committee befieves that approximately 100,000 peo- ple, within a radius of 150 miles, have attended the past two inaugurations and 100,000 more from a greater dis- | tance. Q. When was the first inaugural pro- cession in Washington?—M. B. A. On the occasion of Jefferson's sec- ond inauguration. Pennsylvania avenue was only a gravel road, but ran between rows of Lombardy poplars which Jeffer- son had had planted. This time JefTer- sor rode horseback from the White House to the Capitol, attended only by his private secretary and a groom. ‘When ready to return, he jolned a pro- cession made up largely of mechanics from the navy yard, organized in an mromptu fashion, but accompanied by tary music. Q. Which was the coldest inaugura- tlon day?—A. W. D. A. Records indicate that of Jackson's second inaugural. Snow had fallen for five days and was deep on the ground. | The temperature stood at 11 degrees above zero. Plans for public demonstra- tions were called off. Q. How much money is realized from the inaugural charity ball and for what purpose is this money used’—T. H. R. A. Four years ago, at the inaugura- tion of Mr. Hoover, a gross of $41,000 was realized, which netted a profit of about $29,000. This sum was distributed through the Community ‘Chest. The method of distribution has not been de- termined for this year. Q. At whose inauguration were loud- speakers first used?—T. W. A. Sound transmitters were set up for the first time for the inauguration of President Harding in 1921. Q. What President walked bareheaded to his inauguration?—P. G. A. Andrew Jackson. Being in mourn- ing, he refused any ostentation, proces- sion or display, but walked bareheaded, accompanied by a small committee, from the National Hotel to the Capitol. He also had an escort of veterans of the Revolutionary War and officers who had fought with him at New Orleans. Q. Who was the first President to be inaugurated in Washington?—A. N. A. Thomas Jefferson. Q. Which comes first when the President takes office, the parade or the inauguration?—F. D. A. The inaugurel parade is for the new President and takes place after the inauguration. Q. When was the Smithsonian In- stution used for an inaugural celebra- tion?>—R. W. A. The building had just been com- pleted and was used for an inaugural zcrcptxon for President Garfield, March , 1881, Q. What President rode to his in- auguration in a “ship of state"?—C. R A. The phaeton in which Martin Van Buren drove from his residence in the Seven Buildings to the Capitol was made from wood taken from the frigate Constitution, “Old Ironsides.” It had been present>d by the Democracy of New York. Q. What was the “armed inaugural”? —W..F. L. A. Lincoln’s first. The Confederacy already was in tence. “A hostile at- tack or at least'a demonstration was feared. Ranks of soldiers were massed so closely around the presidential car- mfi that the occupants could scarce- ly seen. The houstops on the line of march were black with guarding | soldiery. ~ The inauguration is de- “seribed as “bristling with guns.” Q. When did ugural date firct fall on Sunday?—H. H. R. A. March 4, 1821, the date of Mor |roe’s sccond inaugural, fell on Sunda; Chief Justice Marshall advised that tI oath bz postponed until Monday, an; this course was followed, the presidenc being techincally vacant for 24 hour:. Q. What was the fifst appearance c the United States Marine Band in ir augural processions’—G. D. A. Since the time of Thomas Jeffer son this world-famous organization ho played in every inaugural where th cb:l:t;mny called for the presence of : Q. Did President Wilson witness the iznl.l;‘l’umflon of President Harding?— A. President Wilson accompanied Warren G. Harding to the Capitol, but remained but a short time. His health would not permit him to a] r on the open-air platform where oath of office was administered. Q Wion were the first and last inaugural balls held’—W. A. A. The first inaugural ball was held {in New - on May 9, 1789, a week after Georg: Washington took the oath iof office as first President. The last official ball was given on March 4, 1903, when William Howard Taft be- came President. Charity balls were held on the nights of th> inaugurations of Presidents Harding, Coolidge and Hoover. Q. At what inaugural did the wife of a President first accompany her hus- band at the head of an inaugural pro- cession?—K. T. N. A. In 1909, when Mrs. Taft rode with President Taft. The outgoing Presi- dent, Theodore Roosevelt, went imme- diately to the railway station from the Capitol and Mrs. Taft occupied his place. t Q. When were the rival inaugural balls held>—J. S. P. A. Feeling ran high in the Van Buren-Harrison campaign, and when the time came for Gen. Harrison's inauguration there were two factions planning inauguration festivities. The | regular inaugural ball was planned to | be held in the old theater building on Louisiana avenue. Tickets were priced | by the committee at $10. The Whigs, supporters of the incoming Gen. Har- rison, objected to a price so high that only the political aristocrats could at- !tend. They arranged the people’s Tip- pecanoe ball, at $5. It was held at Carusi's. Four years later, at Polk's inauguration, a $10 and a $5 ball again marked the occasion, the new Presi= | dent attending both. Q. Did President Adams accompany Thomas Jefferson_when he took the cath of office as President?>—N. H. A. President Adems refused to be present. The oath was administered in the Senate Chamber, which is now oc- ‘%upxed by the United States Supreme ourt. Q. How many bands were there in the inau al parade in 1929>—K. B A. There were 38 bznds, including the Fife and Drum Corps. Class Bill Gets New Support After Mitchell Disclosures >stimony by Charles E. Mitchell, former chairman of the National City Bank of New York, before the Senate Banking Committee, covering transac- tions preceding the stock market break, arouses sharp comment. resignation is held to be beneficial, and the disclosures at the congressional hearing are appraised as an argument |in favor of the provisions of the Glass banking bill. “The resignation of Mr. Mitchell,” according to the Buffalo Evening News, “should have the effect of checking |any unfavorable reactions in the finan- | cial world.” That paper. however, ad- | vises ‘that his former bank “is far too |great an institution to be judged by the personality of a single official.” The | | Spokane Spokecman-Review suggests | that he “enlighten the committee on some interesting smart practices,” and adds: “Under persistent questioning, he told the committee about his rich bonus pickings of $3.500,000 in the three | years of the market boom, 1927-28-29. the bonuses coming from the National | City Bank and its security affiliate, the National City Co. The country sees ‘The greater the volume of ‘securities’ unloaded on the investing public, the greater the bonuses enjoyed by Mr. Mitchell and his® asso- ciates. * * * There will be general concurrence fn Senator Couzens’ con- clusion that ‘It's desirable that the pub- | lic should know what inspired some of | these sales and some of* the securities being foisted upon the public. It has beeng detrimental to the public in- terest."” “Senator Glass. a very high-minded man,” declares the Baltimore Sun, “evi- dently has some doubt whether all of the conditions which governed that issue of the past were of the most high-minded character. And the Sen- ator is not only high-minded: he is hard-headed. Moreover, he enjoys the prestige in this matter of having been a critic and prophet long before the crash of 1929. On the face of things it looks as though there is much in this business that, in the public inter- est and for the public protection, should be made public property.” The Sun also voices the judgment: “The dis- closures made by Mr. Mitchell and other officials of the bank and its af- filiate, the National City Co., have dis- tressed the country. If some of the practices disclosed are not in violation of the law, then so much the worse for the respect in which law should be held. The country would like the prac- tices and the law to be examined jointly. Also, the country, we think, would like the fullest investigation of the circumstances that surround the pigeon-holing of the opinion given 20 years ago in the Taft administration by Solicitor General Lehmann. in whlcg the affiliation of the National City Ban! and the National City Co. was con- demned as illegal and contrary to pub- u“%:z Teal conclusion is” according to the St. Louis Star-Times, that }‘lw{r Mitchell and others showed that tl h! ethics, their leadership. their vision. u.; been so warped that in three years of national travail it has offered the coun- try absolutely nothing wws‘fd recoven’-l That paper concludes: “We tllk‘o imitating the British or Capadian banki system. It is not the British and Cahadian bank system. but British and Canadian banking ethics, that pre- jand and Canada. vent failures lnouknlfm etican banks and ‘We need to rem t far more than American business, bu A nerioun that, we need to remold;_ hntk'lu and business men. State that there is nothing to indicate that — * ation, generally fiction. ?‘wak;fim‘::rm}luht Madness” is the first work of a young Irish author. and consists of tales about modern Ireland, ly the Nationalist movement. Committee -Ellis, Margaret Ken- Lynd and Netta ‘The Amabel = Mr. Mitchell’s | | the stability of banks has been im- paired. Senator Wheeler points to strict enforcement of the laws as the way to | the establishment of confidence and the | maintenance of such confidence. The Senator is probably right. If the laws are carefully enforced the repetition of such situations will be avoided. The laws amply protect. All that has to be done is to enforce them. The whole thing seems to hinge on the matter of law enforcement. There is no apparent lack of laws covering this situation. Ably enforced these laws give the peo- ple the protection needed.” Indorsement of the Glass measure as a means of gaining a higher degree of efficiency is given by the Springfield (Mass.) Republican, with assurance that “the practices now being properly challenged went out with the ‘new era’ and are no longer indulged in.” Similar indorsement to_the legislation is voiced by the Jersey City Journal. The Char- lotte Obeserver believes that “the Fed- eral Government owes it to the people not to stop with a mere uncovering of pernicious practices.” The Asbury Park Evening Press advises: “What we need is not a new system, but a new standard of conduct.” The Altoona Mirror feels that “it would have beed surprising if the bank chairman had not resigned” and the Charleston (S. C.) Evening | Post calls the series of revelations “an | amazing record.” The Scranton Times finds tha. the disclosures “aroused the whole N:tion.” e Whipping Post Again. From the Dayton Daily News. The best that could be done by the Wickersham Commission, which was to seck an intelligent solution of the crime problem, was to suggest a more widespread use cf such a medieval relic as the whipping post. So it is no over- whelming surprise to find Maryland, which for wife-beating still retains, but | seldom administers, this penalty, se- | riously considering its application’ to | other offenses. The House Judiclary Commiitee of the Maryland Legislature recently recommended passage of such a pending biil. The Maryland idea is a modified form of public flogging. which would pain the prisoner mentally rather than physically and thus presumably shame him into honest citizenship henceforth. It has not worked thus in Delaware, the only State where the whipping post is is active use as punishment for a variety of crimes. Warden Leach has declared that instead of being a deter- rent, it merely hardens and makes L‘nctre bitter the offender against so- ety. —.— Coddling Criminals, | From the Roanoke Times. The Federal Penitentiary in Atlanta is to be equipped with a radio in every cell. There’s nothing like giving our bond swindlers and bootleg kings the comforts and luxuries to which they are accustomed at home. —— . Motor Funds. From the San Jose Mercury-Herald. Nearly everything on the new 1933 automobiles is automatic. All that is now needed to start the industry go- ing again is self-liquidating montfiy payments. ——e—. Cause or Effect? From the New York Sun. One group of persons with nothing better to do recently got into a violent controversy, the question being whether the jig-saw puzzle was the ouf of technocracy or vice versa. e e Patronizing Home Industry. Prom the Rochester Times-Union, Col. Jim Farley writes a thousand letters a day. Busin department in the postal t should continue good. after