Evening Star Newspaper, January 3, 1933, Page 8

STAR Edition. THE EVENING {___ With Sundsy WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY.....,.January 8, 1833 | THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Offce: . ‘and Pennsylvania A } olfew York Ofice; 110 East 4ind icago Office: Lake Michigan Bull . 1 an Office: 14 RTn! St n. ¥ England i ——— llh'iymwlfih:sle onth Orders may be sent NAtional 5000. * | Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. fly and Sunday.... i1y only .. 1 * @inday only All Oth Dally and Sunday. er States and Canada. 1yr., $12.00; 1mo.. $1.00 | 157 38000 1moL 78c 1yr. $5.00: 1mo. 50c ed Press is exclusively entitled e e 01 republication of all news dis- to it or no! - tehes credited to it or not e ished herein. All rights of publica B Giapatches herein are also reserved. [ An Economic Program. £ President-elect Roosevelt will not lack advice. A group of economists, pro- | fessors at leading American universities | "and colleges, has united in submitting | to Mr. Roosevelt at the opening of the ;‘nw year & program deemed es- !sential to the recovery of the United HStates. First in the list of recommenda- | tions submitted is & “reciprocal lower- | ing of tariffs” With this is coupled demand for prompt settlement of the | % interallied debts. The third proposal I 1s that the gold standard shall be main- tained. The economists argue that if the tariff barriers can be removed and | international trade stimulated and the ' debt situation can be cleared up it will be possible for the foreign nations which have hitherto gone off the gold | { standard to return to that standard, | which they regard as essential. | “p This is a man-sized program to put| up to any new administration. Prob- ably there is nothing that the politicians dread more than a general revision of the tariff. Nor does business as a rule “1ook forward with pleasure to such leg- slation. Too often a revision of the tariff has been followed by & strong political reaction against the party in power. The latest Democratic tariff act, the Underwood-Simmons law, put “through in 1913 after Woodrow Wilson | . became President, reduced the tariff | {barriers, Had it not been for the out- | break of the World War in 1914 mat- ters probably would have gone very ill for the Democrats in the ensuing ! congressional elections. Industry was ' glowing up in this country and the grumblings of the unemployed were in the air. Furthermore, the Democrats ook back only three years to the trouble the Republican party brought upon gmcu by underteking & “partial’ re- vision of the tariff, which in the end became a general revision. The tariff is a subject which makes strongest politician shudder when comes to actual revision, a mat- ter of which to talk glibly in cam- * paigns, but to be considered with bated breath when Congress convenes. ‘The economists who have written their opinions for Mr. Roosevelt, it will be noted, propose not a mere lowering [ H i, the i . & “reciprocal lowering of tariffs.” This : means that Prance, Germany and other { foreign nations are to be requested to “ make concessions as well as this country in the matter of reduced rates on im- ported articles. If tariffs are to be re- duced, then it is assuredly to the in- ; terests of the American people that " they receive their quid pro quo. use to tear down the tariff structure { for the protection of American industry and agriculture if the foreigners are to retain their barriers against the im- | Turl ¥ portation of American goods. Persuad- " ing the foreign governments to elim- inate the arbitrary treatment of Ameri- can products in which they have in- uiged in recent years may be difficult. But if there 15 to be tariff revision, such course should be insisted upon. If the interests of the United States as well as all the world can be served by this plan action, it might well be tried. But a mere lowering of the American tariff, with no agreements by the foreign nations, would be suicidal. ¢ ‘The recommendation that there be prompt settlement of the interallied % debts is wise. But how are they to be settled? There is the rub. The foreign | nations have come to regard the debts ‘ from one point of view; they are not * to be paid. That is, not to the United States. Mr. Roosevelt and his party ve declared against debt cancellation. §They so far have been unwilling to dis- { cuss debt revision. It will not be long, | 2howevsr, before the Democrats will have | i 3 % to fish or cut bait on this debt question. They will be unable to say to President Hoover: “This is your job, you do it sny | way you like” Once they are in power, doubtless the Democrats will seek Re- | {publican co-operation in this matter | of debt settlement. Certainly they will{ ‘seek Republican favor for whatever | plan is brought forward by them. e birthday of George Washington will be celebrated next month, but more briefly than last year. It will not even run long enough to divide interest with March 4. Sovereign Nicaragua. Today, for the first time in nineteen years, Nicaragua, largest though most sparsely settled Central American re- public, s the completely emancipated master of its own destinies. That situ- ation became an accomplished fact with | the withdrawal from its soil of the last | contingent of United States Marines, | who have served there on one occasion or another and for more or less pro- | tracted periods since the earliest Amer- jcan intervention, in 1913. With the Marines' final evacuation yesterday, Juan B. Sacasa was inaugurated Presi- dent of Nicaragua as a result of the “free elections” which took place throughout ths country in November under the supervision of American forces. The task of the United States and of the Marines who so effectively executed it is now honorably ended. ‘The “occupation” just brought to a close set' In at the end of 1926, when Marines were sent to protect Ameri- | ple on three successive occasions en- | more scientific in their methods, as then rampant, When domestic strife ‘was suppressed, Nicaragus requested that the Marines remain until two fur- ther purposes were accomplished—first, the organization of a native national guard, under American officers, and, secondly, the conclusion of the 1928 presidential and congressional elec- tions under supervision of the United | States. Even then, though the Marine forces were steadily reduced in number, their mission was destined to be prolonged, and it eventually fell to their lot to oversee the elections of 1930 and 1932. As a consequence, the Nicaraguan peo- joyed the privilege of exercising at the polls the only utterly untrammeled choice in their history. It will not be the fault of Uncle Sam or his gallant leathernecks if Nicaragua has not per- manently set its face in the direction of a political system in which ballots and not bullets are the decisive factor. Events now consummated effectually explode the theory that the United States is bent at all cost upon “ex- ploiting” Latin America, and Central America in particular, for “imperial- istic” aggrandizement. No one can guarantee that the occasion which first necessitated American intervention in Nicaragua will never arise again. But it at least has been demonstrated that behind such action lurks no ulterior purpose, and that, once its objective is achieved, no policy prevails at Wash- ington other than the promptest pos- sible restoration of the status quo. Nicaragua, equipped through her American-trained Guardia Naclonal, is now headed for what the State Depart- ment, in a valedictory note, terms “that progress which she will inevitably achieve.” The American people Wish her a long period of economic welfare and political tranquillity. They rejoice in the part they themselves were privi- leged to play in insuring its eventual establishment, hallowed, as it is, with the blood of American soldiers who gave their lives for it. ———— Exploration, 1932. Those who think the world a dull place are invited to consider the report of the National Geographic Society on the progress of exploration during 1932. During the year man reached the greatest height in the air thus far at- tained and the greatest depth beneath tile surface of the sea. Prof. Auguste Piccard and Max Cosyns, on August 18, established the altitude record when they ascended over Switzerland and Northern Italy in a spherical, airtight balloon “basket.” They rose 53,672 feet, slightly more than ten miles. Dr. Wil- liam Beebe and Otis Barton achieved the depth record in the Atlantic Ocean, off Bermuda, on September 22. In a steel sphere, constructed to withstand tremendous pressure, they descended 2,200 feet, and, through thick quartz windows in their “shell” observed strange forms of sea life. In the department of mountain climbing, & group of German sclentists under the leadership of Dr. P. H. Barchers scaled Mount Huascaran, in the Peruvian Andes, more than 22,000 feet high. Both peaks of Mount Mc- Kinley, Alaska, were climbed May 7 and 9 by Harry J. Lick, Alfred D. Lindley and two companions, These summits are more than 20,000 feet high. A Bel- glan party, headed by Comte de Grune, on July 28, reached the top of a pre- viously unscaled peak of the Stanley group of the Ruwenzori Mountains, | Equatorial Africa. The summit con-| quered is 16,773 feet in elevation. Two | Americans, Terris Moore and Richard Burdsall, in November, climbed the peak of Minys Konka, Western Szech- wan, China, 25,000 feet above sea level. All these enterprises were strenuous feats, replete with danger. ‘The Citroen-Haardt expedition in February completed its 7,370-mile crossing of Asla. All bub 700 miles of the journey—from the heart of the Himalayas to Aqgsu, in Chinese kestan—were traveled in track-type motor cars. The first east-to-west crossing by & westerner of the Rub’ al Khali, the extensive desert of Southern Arabla, was made in the Spring of the year by H. St. John Philby, by camel caravan. A Boviet fcebreaker, the Siberiakov, made the passage from Archangel, Europe, through 3,000 miles of ice- filled water, to Bering Sea and thence to Japan, thus accomplishing for the third time in history this “Northeast Passage.” Other interesting explorations were carried to successful conclusions in Africa, South America and within the borders of the United States. All were | important in themselves, but of atill greater value and significance is the fact that they represented an undi- minished concern for the expansion of human knowledge of the earth and of | the people thereof. Men have not ceased to be curious about their plane- tary home. They still respond to the| challenge which stirred Marco Polo, | Columbus, Magellan, Capt. Cook, Ad-| miral Byron, Livingstone, Stanley and | the rest of the adventurous band whom | to name is to honor. And, though it may be invidious to say so, they are indeed they should be in the circum- stances, and their reports are more accurate if less colorful. It will bear mention that the very fact that so much of the earth's sur- face has been explored is a reminder that a great portion of it as yet re- | mains unknown. Perhaps the average | citizen, who cannot absent himself for ‘months or years at a time from ordinary | duties and responsibilities, might find certain satisfaction in discovering for himself the curiosities and natural at- | tractions of territory near to home. It may seem incredible, but it is true that there are native Washingtonians who never have seen Congress in session nor visited the Naval Observatory nor seen the environment of the Capital from the top of the Washington Monument. ‘The most sanguine statesman cannot escape the solemn reflection that the legislative high fiyer of next March may be the lame duck of the future, . And May It Be the Last! City, New York, seating 3,700 patrons, containing the world’s heaviest chan- deller, less grand only than the Radio City Music Hall, seating 6,200 persons and containing the world's - longest chandelier, was dedicated Thursday The R-K-O Roxy Theater of Radio | government confessed i mlu‘guudlmldthefi night. Mr. Will Hays, introduced as THE EVENING dedicatory speech, what might be de- scribed in the vernacular as & mouthful. In part, he sald: Qurs is & Natlon of builders, and the heavens are lined with battlements hewn from stumbling blocks which have littered our upward path since the muskets of Lexington uttered the birth cry of a people determined to recog- '1}1:: no odds and admit no impossibili- And tonight we render tribute to this embodiment of American indomitable- ness and fearlessness, which rises, like a Pharos, out of the blinding fogs of irresolution and bewilderment, to pro- claim that leadership has not failed us; that the mighty fortunes of America have not deserted their constructive tasks; that the vision of great captains is not blurred by depression, and that our fundamental structure and unde- pleted opportunities encourage invest- ment on grander scale and vaster scope than the creations which line our past. Here is the last word in motion pic- ture grandeur— Her~. also, is a good place to pause. To j:ase, as Mr. Hays might say, and take stock. If the muskets of Lexing- ton can utter a birth cry, then the American esgle can roar. Roar, you eagle, roar! If the last word in motion ~icture grandeur has been written, let the eagle and all the eaglets roar a thanksglving. Let them howl in de- light. For what this country has been needing for a long time is—the last word in motion picture grandeur. May it be the final last. From the rock-ribbed coast of Maine to the sun- tanned coast of California, from the stumbling-block battlements of heaven to the abyss of despair—into which our great captains have not descended—let the words of Hays soar, and, as they roll, flood with the sunshine of their reassurance all who hear their march- ing feet. Civilization has waited a long time to see this embodiment of Ameri- can indomitableness completed. But it has waited for what seemed to be a | fishe: much longer time for the last word in motion picture grandeur, If, in truth, it has been said—selah! ———— In discussing the need of fusing so- cial purposes President Hoover's re- search committee mentions “crumbling roads and shaking bridges” For the moment only the scant solace is offered of remembering the old saws to the effect that it is a long lane that knows no turning and that in order to cross & bridge it is necessary to wait until it is reached. ———— ‘With a congressional demand for ex- perimental demonstration as to the amount of alcohol required to intoxicate, it may be regrettable that s4 much ex- perience of scientific value was allowed to go to waste in the New Year eve celebration. e China and Japan apparently regard the disarmament problem as possible of solution only by ascertaining which is strong enough to take possession of the other's weapons, ————— It is now candidly admitted that one of the economic problems is that of avolding the diversion of so much wealth to bootleggers, who apply it to financing the underworld. Imported dishes and chairs ere sur- prisingly cheap, but that fact does not make it as easy as it should be for the average family to supply the biscuits and butter. Regulation of the New York Stock Exchange may prove possible, but there is .small chance of discouraging the continual mass production of lambs for the attention of the speculative shears, ———— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Suggested by an Ancient Newspaper. Let’s try to make each life serene In all of its environs. When gamboling on the village green Forget your shootin’ irons. ‘We want this old world to improve And turn to methods cheering. ‘We'll second 1f some one will move To stop the racketeering. Again let's undertake to raise Alfalfa, pigs or pullets And get away from these displays Of bums with bombs or bullets. Let's turn the first page back once more ‘To essays hifalutin, And verse and prices at the store, And minimize the shootin’, Confidential. “You said you wanted to see me on a strictly confidential matter,” said Sen- ator Sorghum. “Yes,” answered the persistent visitor. “You have excited my interest. What is this confidential matter?” “I simply wanted to wish you a Happy New Year. But both of us have become s0 unpopular in some sections of our State that I thought maybe we had better keep it a secret.” Jud Tunkins says machines may put many men out of work, but his flivver doesn’t seem to do anything but make new jobs for men in the repair shops. Conference. We had a conference one day. We then had several more, And each of us went on his way Belleving as before. Basic Consideration. “Do you resent a sales tax?” “I won't worry about it,” answered |Mr, Dustin Stax, “if industrial eondi- tions will step out and provide the sales.” “In order to lead,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “a man should be able not only to describe a desirable destination, but to produce .a map, showing that he knows the way.” As Earth Becomes a Smaller Neighborhood. This world feels an urge for a general merge, ‘We are all under close observation; And it's easy to scan any hint of a plan For & bold, bellicose demonstration. ‘We might soon find release from each menace to peace Hanging over each national border And require it to stop just by calling & cop To arrest on a charge of disorder. “A balky mule is bad,” said Uncle Eben, “but it ain’ no worse dan de old filvver standin’ out wif nuffin’ but a war “General Czar Hays” sald, in his'1932 license tag.” : STAR, 'WASHINGTON, D. C. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. What is the finest aquarium fish? amateur, who enters this fasci- nating sport by the way of goldfishes, next acquires a bowl of then goes on to the oth That is the usual way. Shortly he becomes convinced that there is no aquarium inmate quite as likable, novel, interesting and beauti- ful as the so-called angelfish. This is his firm judgment after a few weeks. He is always delighted, however, to find that his opinion is supported by fanciers who have been in the game for many years. Among them the angelfish is known as king. The scientists call him Pterophyllum scalare, a combination of Greek and Latin, which means literally: “Winged leaf, like a pair of stairs.” Or, better, winged leaf. stairlike; or perhaps stairlike winged leaf. ‘The “winged leaf” part of the scien- tific name refers to the flat shape of the body, which is round, with its ex- tended upper and lower fins, or wings, from which come the popular name. There are, of course, many sorts of angelfish, but most of them are en- tirely too large for the home aquarium, Some of the species grow as large as 3 feet, and are used in their native haunts for food. The home varlety, Pterophyllum scalare (the first letter being silent) is now well known to many persons, even those who have not succumbed to this Thobby. It may be seen in pet shops, in some of the 10-cent stores, and, of course, in the tanks of all fanciers; for no matter how many different varieties of tropicals one may have, no aquarium is right without the scalare, as it is called among the fanciers. The up-and-down construction of this fish invariably catches the eye, even of the experienced, since it is so at variance with the usual structure of s, In fact, the angelfish is one of the few fishes in the world which has any E:lt architecture, if one may call it Most fish are—well, just fishlike. When you have seen one fish, from whale to the ubiquitous guppy, from fresh-water to salt-water creatures, you have seen almost all of them. t‘l“r&e. fl;e‘f'e ‘n’::y startling l}nnouuou a es, are small c d with the 20,000 different fllhasmfil.zlr:h the ichthyologists have classified. seahorse, for instance. There is something different! And there is the queer boxfish, to be seen in public aquariums. Flounders are curious fel- lows; there is even & tiny one for the home jum. In the main, however, fishes are fishes, longer than they are high. All except the angelfish. Proudly he wafts through the water, the king by genuine right of beauty and supreme interest. Fighting fishes and colored beauties and swift swimmers—these and scores of novelties come and go in the tropi- cal aquarfums, for there are fashions in these things as in all others. Pterophyllum holds the posi- tion in the face of them all because no one who has ever had a chance to be- come acquainted with him ever forgets him, - This is all the more surprising, see- ing that he has now become so “‘com- mon” that he can be purchased for a reasonable price. Only a few years ago a pair of scalare sold for $75. No angelfish at that time had ever been bred in this country. In Ger- Aca;mly anywhere else. story, having been collected, classified and bred long before the World War, specimens were to be secured, but t was the ambition then of every ” to have a couple of these fascinating specimens. The result of it all was that in time their number began to increase and the price to go wn. Now | ship them around the country in big thermos jugs, dip them out into aquariums, and sell them like hot cakes to the “fancy,” which, as stated, never tires of them, and never will; for it is impossible to conceive of & more interesting fish. Most fishes just swim around. They may in time recognize the feeding hand and come to the surface of the water for their food, but even then they show no liking for their human friend. ‘The scalare is different. Once he gets used to his new home, he begins to display the essential curi- osity which shows that he is wise above other fishes. (At this point we may say that we prefer this plural to “fish,” which is often used for both singular and plural, but which is not so good, it sttrike! us, as “one fish,” “two fishes,” etc.) If curiosity is the beginning of wis- dom, the angelfish is a philosopher or something. His red-rimmed eyes, atop his dis- tensible, pouchlike mouth, actually see what they look at; we are convinced of that. He even looks out into the room and notes what goes on there, His interest is perennial, in health. When il he is, like all other fishes, a poor fish indeed; for there is nothing sicker in this world than a suffering fish. “As sick as a dog,” the old com- pa;x::n, should give way to “as sick as & & In the scalare the fins not only droop, | as they do in all i1l fishes, but the up- per wing becomes twisted over on it- sel: and furled instead of being spread out. This fish has & habit, if frightened, of lying on its side (its flat side, of course, in its case), 5o that one must beware of taking it for dead. It is also said that it will dash itself against the sides of an aquarium and kill it- self if excited, but we have seen no evidence of this trait. Winged leaf, like a flight of stairs! ‘The “stairs” part of the descriptive, with poetic as well as scientific lati~ tude, refers to the serrated dorsal fin, which has a toothed or notched edge. The broad stripes which run across the body, one even through the eye, are under the full control of the ani- mal, which may turn them on or off, as it were, at will, according to mood. There is no prettier sight than half & dozen of these interesting creatures floating around languidly, their ordi- nary pace. ‘They waft, rather. Yet upon occasion they can dart lke lightning, as any newcomer to fish cul- ture can testify, who in his ignorance may have thought to place a few small gupples in the tank. ere is a flash of silver and blue, and the big mouth of the angelfish (in such a case somewhat of a misnomer) engulfs the hapless gup. The angeli is the most discern- ing, the wisest and the most inquisitive of aquarium fishes, one who gives his human friends the most friendship per square inch of fish. The death of others in the home aquarium is & matter for regret, but the ng of an angelfish is a sonal sorrow. There is just that much many, where tropical fishes are an old | difference. High Lights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands ENCHING GAZETTE, Peiping.— Newspapers and news agencies in Peiping and out ports are co-operating with the depart- ment of journalism of Yen- r.b.mghvnlverluy in providing practice for the students, Two news agencies employ students regularly for part-time service, the department has under- standings with a number of local and out port newspaper offices by which its students may join their staffs to have an experience in actual newspaper work during either Summer or Winter R i 3 ve ne: n Peiping gave short-time em; r:;menb to 10 journalism students. e stu- dents did work in the business as well as in the editorial departments in many cases. * % %% Why Go So Fast? Asks Irish Writer. Irish Independent, Dublin—A Swiss professor has invented a train which. he claims, can travel at from 150 to 300 miles | per hour. t who wants to travel at 300 miles per hour on a train? There are many other methods of com- mitting suicide which are less A Even from the point of view of those who want to get to their desti- nation in the shortest possible time, the invention suffers from the quite incur- able defect that it could not possibly be operated for any great distance on any railway system. lways are not constructed in a perfectly straight line between the terminal points; they have to 1ink up a large number of towns on the way. The learned professor seems to have overlook this point. Besides, speed i3 not the only, nor the most important, consideration on a railway, and even if there were some way by which the invention could be availed of, why should the railway en- ter into futile competition with the airplane? * Kok % Subsidies for Welfare Studied in Egypt. Egyptian Gazette, Alexandria.— A meeting of the Alexandria Municipality “Allocations” Committee was held ‘Thursday to examine the requests for subsidies presented by the different benevolent institutions of the city. We understand that the committee considered a note presented by Maltre Mohamed Abdel , one of its mem- bers, on the distribution of municipal subsldies for benevolent purposes. Maitre Abdel Salam considered that a fixed basis should be laid down for the dis- tribution as, in his opinion, the system in operation was unfair. He added that, according to statistics furnished to him by the administration, certain so- cieties get subsidies equivalent to 10 per eent of their total annual expenditure, while others receive nearly 75 per cent. He suggested that the amount of sub- sidy should be based on the expenditure of the benevolent society and that only societies or institutions half of whose work is for charity should be subsidized. * X k% Ceylon Servants Miss Finer Points of English. Ceylon Daily News, Colombo.—At & recent lecture before the Rotary Club of Colombo, Rotarian Curry of the Dorking Club mentioned that most of the native servants have a fairly sound working knowledge of English. tui they are un- able to comprehend the finer points of English idiom. A native, excusing himself for not attending at his work because his mother had died, wrote: that rocked cradle has LR “s0 cat out of the bag.” ) Costa Rican Pioneer Succumbs at Age of 106. canton. of Nicoya, that an estimable patriarch of that locality, the noted agriculturist Do Francisco Guevara, founder of the family of the same name, has just died. “Senor Guevara had reached the rich and honored age of 106 years. His life was & long ex- ample of indus edm?th‘emce'l His with struggle and adversity, but his courage and deter- mination to surmount all difficulties and misfortunes made him long ago the conqueror of circumstance; and pros- perity, as well as prestige and his peopie’s fond devotion has lavishly at- tended all his later years. La Tribuna expresses its most sym- pathetic condolences to the Guevara family and Don Francisco’s countless friends. * % Xx % Australian Understands Why Finns Can Run. The Bulletin, Sydney.—To the editor: I thing I can offer a suggestion of how the Pinns have evolved into champion long-distance runners. In the twelfth century King Eric of Sweden made a missionary tour of the country, and those who had falled to leg it into the impenetrable forests were either butch- ered or baptized. Then the Finns drifted back to heathendom, and an- other Swedish missionary visited the place with similar results. As the centuries wore on other neigh- boring kingdoms, including both Russia and Denmark, either had a crack at the Finns on one protext or another, or fought each other all over the hap- less country. After innumerable vicis- situdes Finland was ceded to Russia and remained a vassal province until the Russian yoke was thrown off after. the Muscovite revolution. By that time it had been 5o accustomed to get- ting off the mark quickly and keeping going indefinitely that 1t is now supreme in that line. DUGALD DALGETTY. ) Prehistoric Georgia. From the Atlanta Journal. Though we usually date Georgla’s history from the Spanish settlement of the sixteenth century, if not from the English colony of the eighteenth, as e matter of fact human drama was un- folding on her plains and hills for hun- dreds, mayhap thousands, of years be- fore the first sail from Europe glim- mered along her shores. The tale of those earlier inhabitants is now dim and fragmentary. It will never be told entirely, but at least such relics and traditions as remain can be so put together as to give a far more satisfac- tory account than we now have. This is a part of the interesting work undertaken by a group of some 50 American scientists now in conference at Birmingham. They purpose to write, as far as they can, “the pre-history of the Southeastern United States.” Among them are many archeologists repre- senting this region and specialists from museums and universities in other quar- ters of the country. After visiting Moundsville, Ala., famed for its ves- tiges of a remarkable Indian civiliza- tlon, they will discuss what is already known about the prehistoric people of the Southeast and by what means the gaps in such knowledge can best be filled or bridged. It is their hope that “the ancient story of the Southeastern States may become as nearly complete . have us rec TUESDAY, JANUARY 3, 1933 THE_QUEST OF THE ROMANOFF TREASURE. By Armand Hammer. Foreword by Walter Duranty. New York: William Farquhar Payson. Strange indeed are the twists and turns in the path of life—sometimes chosen path, sometimes only & hit-and miss trail—which the average individ- ual encounters embar] upon the business of earning a livelihood, or perhaps of carving a career in one of the professions. Thousands of young hopefuls in past generations, and as many thousands in these present times, have annually descended from the ros- trums of graduation hails proudly grasping the square of sheepskin which gives entrance into the world of hard work, romance and adventure. are successful in their chosen fit some turn out to be just plain job- seekers. The world looks very big and glamorous in that moment of gradua- tion—and it is. For even in the low- liest of occupations romance can be found if the soul be expansive enough to absorb the little glories of daily life. Small though they ray seem in them- selves, taken collect:vely they are a treasure store of beauty and wisdom. No matter how straight and narrow and uninteresting the path may be at the start, hard work fashions it into a grapevine patisrn, and at the first turn romance offers itself as & reward to those who possess the sturdiness and the faith to persevere. But adventure? That is a different story. Countless numbers of men and women of all ages have sought glory and fame in that intangible realm of the unknown which attracts like a magnet. Many others have stumbled into the path of adventure, and there are still others who literally have ad- venture thrust upon them. latter category falls the name of Dr. Hammer. Having graduated from a medical school in the Spring of 1921, Armand Hammer volunteered for service in fam- ine-stricken Russia, and in July of that year found himself wait! on the deck of an ocean liner for lowering of the gangplank on the quay at South- ampton, filled with the excitement of his first trip to England, to Europe, and, greatest of all, to the job which was to be done in Russia. It all sounds reasonable enough, but the twists and turns began the moment the gangplank was lowered. From then on the straight and apparently smooth path which should have led this young man to his goal became worse than a grapevine trail. It literally developed into & maze of most intricate design, | 23! and his own story of the events of over a period of 10 years, beginning with that momentous landing at Southamp- ton on a July day in 1921, reads like a fairy tale, ‘Twenty-three years old and bubbling with the enthusiasm and eagerness of youth to get into action under the license and prestige of his mewly ac- quired physician’s loma as a volun- teer feld hospital relief worker in the Wi great Valley of the Volga, into which famine refugees were streaming in alarming numbers from the parched and barren fields laid waste by two months of drought. “Dr. Hammer, believe?” A strange volce in a strange land addressing him as he set foot on English soll. “I am a representative of Scotland Yard, and I am instructed to inform you that you cannot land— at least until you have satisfied us with regard to certain matters.” 1In the twinkling of an eye this young hopeful had been transformed from an inno- cent and, so far as he knew, harmless medical volunteer bent upon a mission &! l:l ] into an interna- onal political suspect. Thus was Dr. Hammer precipitated into a career of adventure—as surpris- ing as it was unsought. Several weeks of suspicion, red tape, complication and delay, and finally arrival at Riga, once the great western center of Russian commerce, but now the impoverished capital of the tiny state of Latvia. Not yet Russia, to be sure, but at least on the last lap of the journey which, with luck, would eventually end at Moscow, focal golnt of that unha land upon which the eyes of the ent world were turned in wonderment in the year 1921. The title of Dr, Hammer’s book is somewhat misleading, for the story ;?éhmmhg unfolds del.;.nnlmmt. eotirely e emergence 0 ussia from aftermath and chaos following the revolution and its reorganization under the powerful Lenin into the Soviet State. ‘The actual quest of the Romanoff treasure should be a fascinating story In itself, From the beginning of his travels about Russia the author and his brother became interested in the col- lection of various treasures and works of art, and as the years rolled by they had scquired a very substantial imposing array of objects of all kinds. Beautiful photographs of the crown jewels and other priceless treasures illustrate the volume, but the ways and means of their uisition are only sketchily related. e book is attrac- tively bound and well set up, and it seems a pity, therefore, that a publi- cation bearing so intriguing and promis- ing a title should be devoted mainly to an historical resume of experiences and observations on political, social and economic Russia, with the collection of the imperial treasure as an incidental accompaniment, instead of the other way around. sy ot s P “career’ famine-stricken Russia is & splendid example of what the hairpin curves in a chosen path of life may lead to, and it makes mighty interesting reading as a story of hard work, romance, adven- ture—and achievement, * K K x SHUDDERS AND THRILLS; The Sec- ond Oppenheim Omnibus. By Phillips Oppenheim, Boston: Little, Brown & Co. - During the past few years while the ologists, sociologists and other firycmhws of rexenmhecxs’.mvc been delv- ing into the possible causes and prob- able cures for the unprecedented crime wave which has swept this and other countries, with rather relentless fury, it has been fhteresting to observe the great increase in the demand for mystery and detective stories. Some of the most lific and accomplished writers of this type of fiction have been hard put to keep up with the cry for more, Whether the crime which we have with us is the natural aftermath of war, whether it is an outgrowth of too much or whether it is, as some astrologers would , the influence of so- called mslefic planets, the fact remains that when it comes to reading, the public taste shows a distinct prefererte for fiction, and not actuality. Which seems & healthy sign, after all, Mystery stories have enjoyed a wide popularity for many years. Back in the days of the famous Beadle publica- tions, the “dime novel” of 60 or so years ago, mystery and detective tales were in great demand. The taste for this type of literature waned for a few | SToPe. years, but now it is in full swing again, and as a vehicle de luxe, the Little, Brown company presents an omnibus of prodigious proportions, containing five thrilling products from the pen of E. Phillips 3 “The Shepherd,” _this omnibus_includes also “The Amazing Partnership,” ‘The Channey Syndicate,” “Ghofl..ll Society” and “The Human and as vividly real as has that of the | Chase. Southwest.” French Velvet. From the Detroit News. Twenty millions is not too much to expect from a great power, as the mis- takes in addition at Paris cafes in a season must come easily to that. —_—————— One Way to Fail. From the Nashville Banner. A fellow wants to know how to make a chimney draw. Auwemu:::-ytm personal ‘experience Js. profanity won't do it S Into this | 1| the grass.” and | ture that is declared essential ‘Washington are smart enough to rec- Pro- | oonize now that something has to be ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY.FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Any reader can m the answer to any mnn by writing to our informa- tion u in Washington, D. C. This offer applies strictly to information. ‘The bureau cannot give advice on legal, medical and financial matters. It does not attempt to settle domestic troubles or undertake exhaustive research on any subject. Write your question plain- ly and briefly. Give full name and address and inclose 3 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Do not use post cards. The reply is sent dlrectl to the inquirer. A The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. Where is the world's largest theater?—J. C. A. The International Music Hall, Radio City, New York City, just com- pleted, which gave its first performance on December 37, 1932, seats 6,200 per- sons, and is the world’s largest theater. Q. Are men required to vote in Hon- duras?—J. P. A. Male citizens who are more than 18 years of age, if married, or 21 years | of age unmarried, are required to vote, and on failure to do so a penalty, or fine, or imprisoniyent is incurred. Q. When was the Spirit of St. Louls put in the National Museum in Wash- ington, D. C.?>—S8. B. A. On May 14, 1928, it was loaned w'l’?te museum, and later it was made a gift. Q. When a man Is elected Speaker of the House of Representatives, is the State from which he was elected to Congress entitled to another Repre- sentative?—L. C. W. A. It is not. The Speaker still takes care of the affairs of his constituents. Q. _What is the difference between | the King James version and the au- thorized version of the Bible>—J. O. S. A. The authorized version of the Bible is that version which was col piled by able scholars under the a thority of King James of England in 1611. It is-also known as the King James version. A Ilater version is known as the revised version, and there is still a later one which is known as the American revised version. Q. Is Los Angeles a manufacturing center?—C. P. A. The City of Los Angeles and en- virons now have some 6,000 factories. Q. Did the term “carpet " origl- te in the reconstruction after the Civil War?—O. T. R. A. This term of derision was used long before the Civil War, and was applied in the West to denote promoters o?n stocks, whose jce to Coxey's army in 1894?—F. qul A. The army of the unemployed was asked by the police, “Please keep off Q. Are meny people born 5o formed that they will trouble in later life?>—W. T. C. A. Most people are born with good feet. Ill-fitting shoes and poor posture are responsible for most foot troubles. Q. What foreign countries have sys- }uns of unemployment insurance?-- . C. A. The following countries have some s; of unemployment insurance: A Germany, ustria, Bulgaria, Great Britain and_Northern Irelend, Irish was the adjuration of the Denmark, Finlind, France, Nethers lands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland. Q How early was the word “mort- gage” used in connection with money borrowed on land?—J. W. W. A. It was used as early as 1530 es evidenced by the following: “He hath not_solde his lande out ryght, but he hath mortgaged it for more than it is worthe.” Q. In what part of Pennsylvania is the so-called mushroom kingdom?—R. . T. A. It is located in the vicinity of Kennett Square and West Chester. Q. How did the Palmer Stadium at Princeton University get its name?— S P. A. It is & memorial to the father of Edgar Palmer, class of 1903, who do- nated it. Q. When was the first law passed in this country that affected immigration? A. Until 1819 no law was passed in Congress which affected the immigrant. An act then adopted, though applying to all passengers, was in reality a law regulating immigration, because then nearly all passengers were immigrants. For several years a large percentage of all persons s.arting for the United States had been dying en route, owini to lack of provisions and because of overcrowding on shipboard. The pur- pose of this law was to overcome these evils. It provided that only two passengers could be taken on board g or going from ports of the United States for evefi five tons of such vessel, and that & ent supply of water and provisions must be carried for the use of the passengers and the crew. Q. Who held the first New Year re- ception in the White House?—M. A. C. A. The first reception was held in the White House by John Adams, al- though New Year levees had been held by both Presidents Washington and Adams_previously. The first reception was held on the second floor of the un- finished White House in the oval room. The mansion was entered at the south door. Q. How much does it cost to op- erate an electric clock?—F. J. D. A. The Bureau of Standards says that the cost of menfinl an_electric clock varies with the type. One com- pany estimates & cost of 50 cents & year, Q. Please tell how type is meas- ured.—N. A. L. A. Type is measured by the number of polxnt! in tkzeuhellhc of % ::lie thereof. A poinf approxima - seventy-second of an inch (actually 013837 inch). There are 996 points in 25 centimeters. Nonpareil type, the size generally used by newspapers, is a nx-glnt type and therefore sets 12 lines to an inch, measuring up and down the column. Twenty-four lines of non| type make what is commonly called 8 stick. There are usually 10 sticks of type in a newspaper column. b D%U‘eumlomomt:mxh he Detrolt- lights w! e ‘Wmmflm Tunnels - How often is the air changed in the tunnel?—F. B D. A, The illumination is so perfect that no lights are needed on automobiles. The air is kept purified by 40 complete changes of air inside the entire passage eve 60 minutes. If at any time too mu’cfi carbon dioxide is present in the air a bell automatically rings. Q. Have other countries made treaties with the present Russian gov- emment?—F. A. L. A. Treaties have been formulated between Russia and practically all of the civilized countries of the world ex- Free State, Italy, Luxemburg, Poland, Queensiand, Be! um, Czechoslovakia, | cept the United States. Farm Aid Efforts Received With Careful Predictions are made that in the coming months Congress will give much | & attention to the demands of agriculture for some form of relief. While it is assumed that the new national admin- istration will take an active part in the effort to decide upon an effective plan, the Farm Board's record is considered likely to cause the Government to be cauf in undertaking new measures. The several plans under discussion in- clude the domestic allotment, in which, it is pointed out, appears one new ele- ment, limitation of production, a fea- Since the allotment measure is be- lieved to have the coming administra- tion’s indorsement, the Lexington Leader thinks that “it is practically certain “to ‘;l: :{.led"' and suggests the possibility being passed over a veto in the present session. While ex- pressing its own o] tion to the project, the Leader ne that “so far 14 farm organizations, including some of the most important of them, are urging its adoption as a means of bringing farm prices up to the level of other prices.” “Whether Hoover would veto the domestic allotment plan-is problemati- cal,” thinks the Lincoln State Journal, though it feels that “he will, if the opportunity is given him, in spite of the automatic ~restriction against produc- tion.” The subt: .nmmll I‘l sddsu ("The strange thing about all farm relief pro- posals is that nobody appears to be able to say in advance, with full confi- dence, that any of them will work. Senator Howell says he does not know, but he is willing to try it once. If it costs as much as did the Farm Board, it will be expensive enough, and yet logically the Farm Board act should have produced the results that were , since it provided a buyer to the market when weak. It was by overproduction and was com- ?ued to relinquish stabilizing opera- jons.” “It 18 to be hoped,” advises the Des Moines Tribune, “that our leaders at done to better the of our millions of farmers; that it needs to be done promptly, and that it needs to be done adequately. Adopting any plan for relief, be it the domestic allotment plan or any other, will not be adequate if it is done half-heartedly, as a hesi- tant and timid experiment, to be tested out with reference just to one or two farm commodities. A few years ago perhaps such a testing out would have been quite in order. The need was less urgent then. But then it was impossi- ble to get anything tried. Now the time for -measures has passed. Iowa has little or no interest in any farm relief program which confines itself to & couple of crops and omits the feed Iowa wants corn included in ot only corn, but crops that could be substituted for corn. And pseudonym under which few readers back in 1908 and thereabouts It the craftsmanship as that of Mr. ‘Along with these two novels, the Sec- ond Omnibus includes “The Channey , and two other mysteries which have not before been printed in book Study of Plans farm crop States re amazingly in sagacity they will refuse to be satisfied with anything luz “unn the nmom'lor‘: of thor and adequate attem improve farm status that Iowa insists upon.” “As we listen to the issues debated at W in the next few weeks,” says the Houston Chronicle, “we will have better Dpehflrtunlty to make sound decisions on them.” ~ The Chronicle finds some uncertainty as to the desir- ability of the allotment plan, the statement: . “Possibly the plan would be beneficial for the entire Na- tion. Certainly it seems that our eco- nomic depression has been prolonged, if not created, by low buying power on our millions of farms, and there is little hope that we can ever again enjoy prosperity until that buying power has been increased. Money in the hands of the farmers would go ately for a thousand needs, and set wheels spin- ning in many a factory now idle, with consequent benefit to railways and middlemen and the entire public. But is the method sound, and do we want to resort to the principle of a direct Federal subsidy to one or two large classes of producers? Some persons contend that an artificially high price on cotton will lead to the wide use of substitutes, especially of rayon; and that wheat users, with the price of that grain out of line with other grains, will turn_to corn, oats, rye, thus reducing consumption of wheat and cotton and permanently injuring the producers of them. Still other persons will argue against the entire principle of Federal subsidies; will contend that a free eco- nomic fleld for all is still best.” “As much or more justification for the legislation as there ever was for the farm relief legislation of the Hoover administration” is seen by the Springfield (Mass.) Republican, with the assertion that “the answer to the question whether we are to have this new experiment may be found in the map of the electoral vote for Presi- dent, which reveals a solid continental block of States from the Appalachian Mountains to the Pacific Ocean in sup- port of some plan on domestic allot- ment lines.” The Republican calls the idea “highly experimental” but feels that “it does seem superior at a vital point to the agricultural marketing act now in effect, for it makes a direct at- tack on the problem of overproduction by placing farmers under contract to keep production within specified limits in case they f," up’ under the allot- ment plan.” That paper analyzes the project: “II, in addition to wheat and cotton, the system were to include hogs and tobacco in its working, it is calcu- lated that the Government would collect a total of $600,000,000 to $800,000,000 from the processors, and by them from the consumers, to pay to the producers. As the system would apply only to the part of the crop consumed in the United States, foreign buyers .of the same crop would have an advantage over American buyers. In the cotton- textile industry, for example, this ad- vantage would increase the competitive ng_ of Ior:‘!f'n :lnufwturen in the world's mar! trade rivalry with goods. An objecti :.'o the debenture scheme ét Tarm :::g unless the rest of the ly short