Evening Star Newspaper, September 24, 1932, Page 4

" A4 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. BATURDAY. . .September 24, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 1 . and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Ruildin European Office:_14 Regent St., Londol Encland. Rate by Carrier Within the City. ...........45¢ per month nday’ Star ..60c per month stal . .65¢ per month The Sunday Star.... ....5¢ per copy llection made at the end of each month NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. na Su v mo.. A5 3o Sunday-.. 1 3r: *sa00: 1 me. 3o $4.00; 1 mo.. 40c All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday...1yr, $12.000 1 mo.. $1.00 Daily only I13rn sa00: 1mol T8¢ Bunday only 1111l111'1yr. $5.00i 1mo. 50c Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entfied 2o the use for republication of all new Patches credited fo it or not otherwise Ted in this paper and aiso the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Gov. Pinchot and the R. F. C. It might be inaccurate as well as un- fair to assume that Gov. Pinchot is as much interested in drawirg an issue with the Reconstruction Finance Co poration as in getting Federal loans for Pennsylvania’s unemployment relief But it is entirely obvious that, along with his strenuous efforts to obtain, what he conceives as adequate and de- gerved Federal assistance, the Governor Is determined to draw ti Judging from the Finance Corporation’ the affair, the delay tl S dssue ruction explanation of far experi- enced by Pennsylvania in obtaining a | Joan has been due to the failure of the Governor to comply with the corpora- tion’s regulations concerning supply of specificd data relating to the need for the money. As soon as these facts were supplied, a loan of $2.500,000 was made available to three counties. and the inference s given that the loan would have been made earlier had the re- quired paper work been performed. The Governor refers to the data as “red tape,” some of which is impossible to furnish. And both sides are in- clined to confuse the facts by a ten- dency to call n But the history of the controversy seems best to clarify the issue tween the Governor and the R F. C. Gov. P t je his first move three days before the cnactment of the relief bill b ng for what he conceived to be the full amount *“due” Pennsylvania. This was the maximum, under the law, allowed to any one 00.000, or 1 fund. Only maximum, d. And the relief fu uld exhau fAfty-cne States st Gov. Pinchot's personal appearance before the board, when he subsequent- 1y enlarged upon his application and ed the case, led to the Reconstruc- tion Finance Corporation’s statement of policy, to the effect that the R. F. C.'s Joans were intended to supplement the work of the local communities in caring for their stricken people, but were not 1o be granted “in lieu of” funds raised Jocally. The money would be loaned only as, if and when the need Wwas made apparent by the petitioning States. And Gov. Pinchot was sent back to Harrisburg with the implied advice to return to Washington when his own State had exhausted its resources. The State Legislature al- most immediately appropriated 812 ©00,000 for emergency relief and Gov. Pinchot renewed his request for a loan. He was toid that he had not furnished certain information. He replied that he had. There the matter rested until additional information was made avail- able to the R. F. C., which granted a two-and-a-half-million-dollar lcan for use in three counties. The dispute now 15 whether this amount is sufficient, and whether Pennsylvania has supplicd oth- | er required data. The R. F. C. says it has mot. Gov. Pinchot says either that it has, or that it has supplied all the data it can. From the very beginning Gov has taken the position that the Federal Government should ehoulder the load, or a great portion of it, thus far left to the States in caring for the unemplo; ment distress problem. HIS battle with the R. F. C. has been waged with this | principle in mind. And the R. F. C. Fas been placed In the position of having to defend its own policy, as well as its interpretation of the epirit of the law, while at the s: nizing actual need in Penn which justifies a loag. The w1 troversy is undoubtedly he: a congressional mqui The success of the loan experiment dep: upon co-operation by the States and their sinoere accen of the spirit in which the money was to be made avail- able. Gov. Pinchot has not been willing either to co-operate or to accept the spirit of the Federal loan. He is fight- ing with somethirg else in view. The customary course of political campaigns is being followed, as the rear platform of a railroad car is depended on for announcements as significant as those of a party platform itself. -—on—s jed toward December. 0,000,000 relief ied at the outset “Depression College.” Dr. A. C. C. Hill, jr, formerly a fel- low of the Brookings Institution and professor of economics at Springfield College, Mass., has announced pl.n.n.s‘ror establishing “a depression college, de- signed to bring towether impecunious students and unemployed professors.” He has chosen Port Royal, Va., for the experiment, and has leased for the pur- pose. two Colonial manor houses and the old town hall at that place. A score of “experienced teachers” will be invited to constitute the faculty, but thelr only reward for their labor will be board and lodging. An undergraduate body of & hundred students, prepared for junior or senior class work, will be enrolled at an inclusive fee of two hun- dred and fifty dollars each. Certifi- cates will be issued in lieu of degrees. Public sympathy certainly will be with Dr. Hill in his venture. But it is to be feared that his path of prog- ress will be beset with difficuities. Feeding a hundred students three times a day, even if the fare be but the equivalent of Army rations, is an expensive business, and the minor costs terri- | | Pinchot Unless private philanthropy assists, the idea may prove impracticable. Nevertheless, Dr. Hill deserves credit for desiring to make the attempt. If he is successful, other teachers will be moved to follow his example. Great endowments are not impera- tive to great schools. Even in the twentieth century, when magnificent buildings have been reared throughout the land to shelter the pursuit of learning and vast quantities of money have been poured into university and college treasuries in support of every variety of scholarship and research, small institutions with meager funds have been doing wonderful things. The students who came to Anselme and Abelard, to Dons Scotus and William Occam, to Roger Ascham and John| Colet were impecunious to the point of beggary, but, perhaps for that very reason, they were earnest and sincere. American youth, however poverty stricken, is just as avid for cultural advantages today as European youth was six or eight centurles ago. — ra——————— Free Trade in Britain. It was exaclly a year ago this week that Remsay MacDonald was in the throes of his cabinet difficulties over Chancellor Snowden's emergency budget, a crisis which ended in abandonment 1of the gold standard and in general elec- tions. Since November, 1931, Great Britain has been governed by a national ministry in which the victorious Con- servatives, under former Prime Minister | Stanley Baldwin, have remained pre- | dominant, corresponding to their over- whelming majority in the House of Com- | mons. The handful of free trade Liberals |in the national ministry has never been | quite comfortable in such company, and { the moment when they would part frcm | Mr. MacDonald and the Baldwinites was only a question of time. The time seems to have arrived. The | three free traders in the cabinet—the { redoubtable Viscount Snowden, Sir Her- bert Samuel and Sir Donald McLean— threaten to resign from the government rext week. They would do so in pro- test against the trade agreements con- cluded last month at the Ottawa con- ference, with their far - reaching schemes for empire preference tariffs. Though they should leave the national ministry, the seceding free traders in- dicate that they might continue to sup- ort Prime Minister MacDonald on all | non-tariff matters, and thus preserve the ! unity personified by the all-party cab- | inet. i The government does not minimize | the seriousness of any breach in that unity at this time. “Grave as was the position twelve months ago,” said Do- minions Secretary J. H. Thomas, chief | Labor member of the cabinet, in a { spcech at London yesterday, “it is no less grave now. The world is in tur- { motl, and every country looks to the | manifestation of the British people at | the last election as an indication that | this old countiy will weather the storm a r recalcitrant free traders with slavish devotion to their shibboleth, regardless of British Empire interests as a whole So far the leader has used in vain the argument that Britain, with the | Ottawa conference branded a failure by ! non-ratification of the trade agreements “:ncrc effecled, would cut a ludicrous {figure at the forthcoming world mon- letary and economic conference. | That free trade is not a dead issue in John Bull's island, despite the pres- ent ascendancy of the high protection party, is demonstrated by such events as yesterday's by-election in Cardigan- shire, Wales. On a straight-out tariff fight the Liberal candidate for Parlia- | ment, standing on a free-trade platform, | was elected by a majority of 4,500 over his Conservative opponent and a vote equal to the combined Conservative and Labor total. et | The situation in California recalls to old-time observers that which arose | when Charles Evans Hughes was nearly | elected to the presidency. It is the i privilege of Mr. Hughes to enjoy a dig- Imficd silence just at a time when a se- j ries of reminiscences would be a prize { for any magazine By ccmnlimenting Hiram Johnson as “a warrior in the ranks of true Ameri- can progress,” Franklin D. Roosevelt I may be disclosing hopes of discovering a new “happy warrior” away over on | the other side of the continent. s -ee—e | Sagacity is still required in practical ‘rampugnlng, despite the progress of a | mechanistic era. No political machine | has yet been discovered that will dis- | pense with the services of the willing The Jay Walkers. Traffic Director Van Duzer in a talk at a dinner given by the American Au- tomobile Association for local school police and traffic officials in connection with school board patrol work has said that jay walkers are as much of a bane to traffic officials as reckless motorists. Demonstration of this fact calls for only brief observation at downtown corners in the hours of heavy traffic,Indeed, at any point at any time the pedestrians are guilty of breaches of safety rules. At street crossings where lights are installed for the guidance of traffic it is a rare exception to find a pedestrian waiting at the curb when the red signal shows. 'Those who do not actually try to cross the street in such conditions will walk out into u:?mc way several | feet, in fact as fai they dare, and with groups thus forming from each curb the lane of travel is narrowed and traffic is seriously impeded at the points where it should move most expe- ditiously and smoothly. These impa- tient and venturesome pedestrians thus form bottle necks at places which should be fully open for traffic, to their own danger and to tie delay and de- moralization of the traffic stream. | ‘Those who cross streets between cor- ners do so, of course, at their own risk. Many persons prefer this means of crossing because of the freedom from the danger from corner-turning traf- fic. But every person crossing in mid- block adds to the difficulties of driving and to the possibility of accident. The person who steps from a curb without looking in the direction of on-coming trafiic, and the one who crosses the street at an angle away from approach- ing traffic are familiar types of jay !waliers. Repeated warnings seem to have no influence upon them. Common ‘cense dictates that for their own sakes they look before they step and walk ith eges fumed in the direction & Istrictly |dence of awakening interest in | “Man's gra THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURDAY. approaching cars, but they persist in this desperately dangerous practice. Jay walking regilation is difficult. Attempts to enforce rules by the appli- cation of penalties for.infraction have not succeeded. In a very few cities such rules are in force and have worked well, but there is no prospect of their application here short of an act of Con- gress, which 1s extremely unlikely to be secured. A strange feature of this inconsider- ate practice of pedestrians crowding into the traffic way against the adverse signal at crossings is that practically all of those who do that sort of thing have themselves as drivers or as pas- sengers in motor cars felt the effect of such narrowing of the lanes by others. There is this to be said about the impatience of pedestrians at light-con- trolled crossings, that in many cases the timing of the lights is not adapted to the needs of the pedestrian. Some study should be given to this matter, with careful count of-the number of people who assemble between signals and the length of time required for the last of those thus gathered to cross the street. Perhaps a part of the fault of jay walking at crossings lies in the signal system itself. To preserve an incognito Is not easy, but the feat can be accomplished even by those who have attained the heights of popularity. The Prince of Wales visited parts of Germany unrecognized and James J. Walker can go where he likes without a storm of enthusiasm marked by thunders of applause and | showers of confetti. B hardly be defined as a ctual pursuit, but it is a test of charicter and may be a source of extraordinary personal popularity. ‘When Amelia Earhart calls attention to the fact that there are still discrimina- tions against women in the laws of this country a public sense of justice cannot fail to take notice. e In the midst of a presidential cam- paign the country pauses to take note that the Tammany leadership of John F. Curry is assured and no doubt feels a moment-of relief in finding that one great political question is definitely settled. v~ Plans in Geneva for the improvement of conditions surrounding the citizen of Liberia may be regarded as more evi- “the forgotten man.” SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Question of Thanks, | “I never get no thanks at all,” Said Uncle Hiram Boggs tude is mighty small, An’ goin’ to the dogs. I've lent my neighbors lots o' things An’ showed ‘em what to do, An’ the rewards such conduct brings I say are mighty few.” “You ought,” said Grandpa Dinkelspeer, “To think of all the fun You've got through bringin' peace an’ cheer Through favors you have done. The man who waits around for thanks Don't meet true friendship’s test; They're jest like people at the banks That looks for interest.” Taking Sides. “Which side of this controversy do you take?” “Wait till it'’s over,” replied Senator Sorghum. “It is wiser not to make a selection until you see which side is to remain uppermost.” Filial Consideration. “Your sons seem very devoted to you.” “Yes,” replied Mr. Biggins. “Some- times I think the boys admire and re- spect me almost as much as if I were a celebrated base ball player.” Functions. Some men the world's hard work must do, ‘With brawny arm and willing heart, And others are alarm clocks who Inform us when it's time to start. Contradictory Evidence. “That woman says she feels tremen- dously superior to all the fads and foibles of society.” “Yes,” replied Miss Cayenne, “but I observe that she has read about them so attentively that she knows them all by heart.” A New Economist. “So what you want to do Is to put the Government on a strictly business basis?” “Yes,” replied Mr. Dustin Stax. “If they'd let me alone with it, I'd incor- porate it and sell stock every time we needed money.” ‘War Rumors. The rumors of impending war, Forever new, Drift into view. This much we may be thankful for: A very few Of them come true. “De man dat wants to look on de bright side,” said Uncle Eben, “gets de bes’ results if he does some cleanin’ up an’ polishin’ on his own account.” —————————— Leticia Occupation Was Surprise to Peru To the Editor of The Star. In an editcrial of September 20, com- menting on the recent difficulties which have arisen between Peru and Colom- bia, you suggest the possibility that my government may - have sought to strengthen their sitvation at home by creating a diversion abroad. “The occupation of Leticia by Peruvian citizens on Scptember 1 was the out- come of a popular and local movement, neither instigated nor abetted by my government. It would seem that offi- cials at Lima were so completely in the dark as to the origin of the movement that at first it was attributed to dis- satisfied elements who were purposely attempting to make trouble for the government. Further advices e clear that such was not the case, but in no way implicated the central au- thorities. May I add that the popular sub- scription to which the President has contributed with a month's salary had its inception leng before the events of Leticia. The object of the subscription wes and could not be connected Wil an eventuality that no one foresaw. Thanking you in advance for pub- lishing this brief rectification, I beg to rematn, M. DE FREYRE Y SANTAND] | PO A R - - ith | Right there he holds out to agriculture Sk BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. - Unfortunate, one may believe, are all the young people who grow up with no smell of n:Pe jelly in their nos- trils and memories. “Putting up” of Jellies and peach butters and the like was at one time a part of the American scene. Those tempting fragrances which we have lumped off as “smells,” since these may be good as well as bad, have had no successors in the life of the people. In modern homes, where jelly mak- ing is a thing of the yut. the young- sters know nothing of the pleasant, sometimes pleasantly pungent, smells which can wreathe about a kitchen. Entire neighborhoods, indeed, were filled with the divine aroma of ketchup in the making, of ‘“mixed pickles,” sometimes called chow-chow. Late bees, scenting the delicacies from abroad, winged their way to kitchen doors, there to beat in vain against screening. in an effort to probe to the heart of the sweet mystery. Home making of these gastronomical delights still exists, of course. Some- times one may catch a whiff of grape jelly, perhaps the most far-reaching scent of all, in passing along & resi- dential street. Even the odor of gasoline, the pre- vailing modern smell, cannot blot out the fragrance of sugar and _grapes, properly mixed and rightly cooked. These things, summed up at last in the top, come to be stored away in rows_on long shelves covered with down-hanging paper Wwith rounded edge. e must not be thought that the feminine members of old-time families had any monopoly of the appreciation of such good things, either in the mak- neat jars with wax or paper Aacross| ing or the eating. ‘While it was true that the processes | of manufacture were entirely in the| hands of the “womenfolk.” the male| members of the household perhaps had the final “say” as to what should and what should not be made. The liking of some member of the household for mixed pickle, for instance, | would motivate several intensive days | of “putting up” jars of it in various| combinations, some finely ~chopped, | some in the round. “Menfolk” might be finicky in their tastes, 50 that it would be desirable to | fool them as to the ingredients of &/ particular pickle. | Here was one who declared that under no circumstances would he eat, or even sit at table, with pickles containing onjon in whole or in part. It was necessary. therefore, for the mixed pickle makers to “put one over” on the obdurate gentlemen, to use & phrase not in use at that time. Onions were chopped very finely and inserted surreptitiously, so that by the hour the cooking was over there was practically no onion odor left, what with spices and vinegar and the rest. The great test came when the dish passed around at some dinner time How do you like 1t?” was the in- quiry. “Fine!” said he who could not stand onion in any form. Occasionally he might become sus- picious, and, pointing to a flake of in- gredient, remark, “What's that—onion?” “That's just some of the pickle,” came | the soothing response. Stray whiffs of cooking are always en- ticing to men. What is more delightful than to pass along a hall in some office building. and suddenly have wafted to| ()'nr"s nos s the odors of a good beef- | One may not be In the least hungry. but the savory fragrance—and it fully answers that descriptive—compels at- tention. One might eat again, with very little urging. | mere spectator at kitchen sports may be forgiven for not being able to decide a very difficult question— whether grape jelly, in the cooking, is more pleasantly odiferous than peach butter. ~ ( ‘There is one supreme moment, in the cooking, when each of these delicacies is at its zenith. ‘Then, if ever, the bumblebees gather. The few of them left may be seen flying high over the lilac and althea bushes, passing by the fiowers left on the latter, in a straight line for the back screen_door. If there were some method of dye- ing the paths of the fragrance, as it filters out the door, it would present an interesting spectacle. It might be shown going dramatically down the block to a neighbor's house, where people suddenly would sniff the air, and say, “Um-m-m, somebody's making jelly!” Busy men, pretending themselves in- terested only in their job, with politics second, would find memories crowding into their minds, or wherever it is that memories do crowd at last. Even little children (the fortunate sort) would pause to say, "I smell some- thing good ” Peach butter is an old-time favorite of many men, although the majority of the ladies may be said to favor grape jelly. This applies both to smell and to eating qualities. Men, as a rule, like grape jelly only on their toast, as if it could not be eaten any place else. Some grape jellies are too sweet, and there lies the danger, pernaps, in their ordinary construction. It seems as if peaches, being naturally somewhat tangy in flavor, are abie to stand & great deal more sugar without becoming sweetish. The home manufactur of Xetchup (or catsup, as it is sometimes spelled) is not as flourishing as it used to be. But the mixed pickle enthusiasts still rage, and many & good jar of it now sits on home shelves, waiting the commg Winter. Here is the one relish which seems to have a universal appeal, going delight- fully with all sorts of meats, especially cold, but which many unfortunate people do not seem to know. Nothing is more delightful, indeed, in the food line, than a properly made mixed pickle relish, or -‘chow-chow,” as some call it, properly or improperly, we do not know. Not that it makes much difference; the real test comes in the eating thereof; and, as stated, the mixture is a real relish, if not too sour. Some tastes might like it ex- tremely biting, the more so0 the better, but for the majority of connoisseurs a little sweet, mixed in, a 1a Francaise, gives the true taste. Few young people of today, perhaps, know another old-fashioned kitchen smell, not pleasant, but once extremely characteristic. This was sauerkraut. During recent years the vitamin con. tent of this dish has been “played up 50 that many people who never made it, or were present when manufactured, nevertheless are familiar with it. Many a man and woman of today grew up with it. To them there are many other familiar odors, missing from the olifactory scene today, but persistent in_memory. Who can forget the good fragrance of a barrel of apples in the cellar, or un- heated attic, or perhaps some upper room before central heating? It was a_pleasant, happy sort of smell, one which helped give “smell” its good side as well as its bad. There might be one ot two decayed | apples in the barrel, and these, in the mysterfous ways of nature, did mightily flavor and sweeten the entire output of aroma. Yes. the apple barrel had aroma. There were fine russet apples in those days. great globes of color and perfume. Their incense rose up like a sort of benediction of the olifactory senses, and by sympathy transferred themselves to the very mind and heart. A barrel of apples—symbol of the country town of long ago! Few city folk buy their apples by the barrel any more, but many of them, as children, reached into such a con- tainer with a too short arm and yet: managed to pull out a pippin. Roosevelt Farm Gives Force While there has been much discus- sion of various methods of aiding the | farmers that were touched upon by Gov. Roosevelt in his speech at Topeka, it is held that his attitude on the tariff is| outstanding. In the resulting debate by the public, his proposals and the Re-‘ publican tariff position are emphasized as based on differing theories. Gov. Roosevelt's tariff position is dis- cussed by the Baltimore Sun (inde- pendent Democratic) with the state- ment that he “stressed not only the de- sirability of scaling down our calami- | tously high-tariff wall, which stands as | the principal barrier to practicable farm relief within the framework of our present economic system; he also stressed the method of doing it pro- posed in the Democratic platform.” The Sun makes the comment that Mr. Roosevelt and his party would “nego- tiate agreements with individual coun- tries, permitting them to sell goods to us, in Teturn for which they will let us sell to them and crops which we produce.” The statement continues: “Such a policy stands in sharp contrast to that at present followed by the na- tional administration. The ~ proposed | policy is variously known as & bargain- Ing or trade-building policy of tariff adjustment, as opposed to the present | policy of having, with but few minor exceptions, a single schedule of tariff rates to apply to the wares of all coun- tries alike. * * * As the present system is actually working out, it is isolating the United States from the flow of world trade. All about us is being woven a vast network of tariff treaties between countries which make mutual concessions from which the rest of the world is barred. While holding to the policy of according the same tariff rates to all the world, the United States can- not participate in such treaties because it has nothing to offer by way of a quid pro’ quo for tariff concessions. Being so barred, its chances of finding outlets for the ever-increasing pressure of E:oa available for export are steadily dimin- ishing, while countries all over the world are swapping tariff concessions back and forth among themselves.” “The sharpest discernible difference between the Roosevelt and the Hoover positions,” according to the 8] mgld (Mass.) Republican (independent), “is the tariff, if we are thinking in terms of immediate remedies. Gov. Roosevelt would make tariff readjustments to re- al trade, and such re- e estments Would necessarily be down- ward, oOur foreign trade has collapsed under the present tariff for which Mr. Hoover stands without & hint of modifi- cation. No economic recovery is pos- sible in any complete sense With the world bflstlfixl and frowning with high tariff_walls; and at this point at least Gov. Roosevelt opens the door of hope.’ ‘Summarizing the Roosevelt idea of “quick-acting remedies” for farm con- d‘lltmns, the Omaha World-Herald (in- dependent Democratic) refers to “‘con- certed action to secure lower ix'gurut rates on farm mortgages” and “a Te- duction of the gap between the farm- ers’ selling and buying prices by nego- tiating tariff readjustments that will reopen markets for farm surpluses. On the matter of tariff reform t.h:o ‘World- it of a distinct policy to ture to economic countries’ by giving ‘to that portion of the crop consumed in the United States a benefit equivalent to & tariff mflmmt’ to give farmers an adequate price. definite su| for the principle and policy its lppmuden have been urging for the past decade. It is the same prin- ciple and policy wh!ch‘nw has W the st | closer together. | a national movement to reorganize and restore agricu equality with other|i . on friends Relief Talk to Tariff Issue D. Young, President Harriman of the United States Chamber of Commerce and Bernard Baruch, who understand at last that ‘this Nation cannot endure if it is half “boom” and half “broke.”’ Following these ‘quick-acting remedies’ Gov. Roosevelt would reorganize the De- partment of Agriculture for active work in national planning of the farming industry. He would apply far-reaching methods Involving planned use of the land, an economic soil survey, a read- justment of the distribution of popula- tion, the decentralizing of industry and the bringing of farm and market And he would launch reduce local government so &s to re- duce the burden of farm taxation.” The | Omaha paper testifies that “the fact stands out that Gov. Roosevelt is thor- oughly and intimately familiar with the farm problem.” * x k% “The Democratic program may not | be a cure-all, nor does it claim to be. for there must yet be a meeting of minds of those who have studied the situation,” states the Roanoke Times (Democratic). “But at least the Demo- cratic party offers constructive steps that will not place definite handicaps in the way of farm recovery, and that will not invite every third farmer to abandon his crops and starve, ap- parently the only plan the present ad- ministration has had to offer to the 50,000,000 people whose cost of produc- tion has for some years been higher | than the selling price of what they have raised. Solution of the farm problem is basic. It is the key to all other recovery.” “Mr. Roosevelt could hardly be ex- pected to have formulated what a dec- ade of striving and a host of thinkers have failed to formulate,” advises the Newark Evening News (independent), with the further comment: “In the or- ganization of the farmers he wants voluntary effort, decentralized, a sort of States’ rights plan, but grouped by produce rather than by political boun- daries. Suggestions so admirable in conception deserve a more explicit presentation so we may know whether Mr. Roosevelt has a workable plan or is tantalizing the farmers with an en- ticing mirage.” “Gov. Roosevelt,” says the Chicago Daily News (independent, “wishes it to appear that worse than nothing has been done for the farmers by the Hoover administration. _ Yet, while criticizing harshly the Farm Board's purchase of wheat and cotton, he does not venture to say a word against its chief work of helping to build up farm co-operatives. This was the work for which it was intended by President Hoover. Neither does Gov. Roosevelt dispute the board’s opportunities for further usefulness. The same is true of all the other agencies devised for the farmers’ benefit which the Presi- dent mentions thus in his acceptance address: ‘We have enacted many ‘measures of emergency reilef to agri- culture. They are having effect, I shall keep them functioning.! The vital g:uesuon of sound leadership for the ation confronts the American voter. I cannot be settled wisely without un- biased study of all relevant facts bear- ing upon that question. Gov. Roose- velt’s virulent atteck upon his op- ponent’s record of farm relief is best answered by & study of that record. Such a study will disclose much sub- stantial achievement and much re- medial work beneficial to the farmer now actively under way, including cer- ‘measures to which Gov. Roosevelt gives prominence in his program.” Movie Matrimony. From the Dayton Daily News. A movie actor says he and his wife discussed divorce two days after they were married, but the chances are their it even before st IPTEMBER 24, 1932. THE LIBRARY TA:Z BY SARAH G. BOWERMAN. ‘The Dutch novelist, Jo Van Ammers- Kuller, published her genealogical novel dealing with the emancipation of wom- en, “The Rebel Generation,” in Holland in 1925. It appeared in the United States in translation in 1928. It has also been translated into German, Dan- ish and Polish. Three periods are cov- ered in the history of the Cornvelt fam- ily of Leyden, 1840, 1872 and 1923. During the three-quarters of a century many changes take place both in the family life of the Cornvelts and in the wool-weaving industry, which is their business, passed from father to son. Especially co radical changes appear in the position and attitude of the younger generation of the family. In 1840 the children of the portentous, harsh Louis Cornvelt, of whom there are 13, never question’ the validity of the fifth com- mandment, and “honor” means abso- lute obedience. By 1872 signs of inde- pendence are growing alarming, espe- cially among the girls of the family, who in some cases actually disgrace the men of the family by earning their own living. In 1923 the younger generation accepts dictation from no one; in fact, the older generation imitates the younger and bends all its efforts toward keeping young. Two ploneer women are the leading characters of the long story—Marie Elizabeth Sylvain, who even in 1840 dares to run away from the safe but prison-like shelter of her unecle Cornvelt’s house and go to Paris. where she earns her own living, and Dr. Eliza Wiseman, who in 1872, under the influence of Marie Elizabeth Syl- vain, defles her father, rather liberal for his time, and goes to the university to study medicine. The keynote which Mrs. Van Ammers-Kuller seems to stress is that every generation is a “rebel gen- eration” when it is young, and that conservatism almost inevitably comes with increasing years. * x x % The atmosphere and characterization of “The Rebel Generation” are excel- lent. The first scene shows us gay little Marie Elizabeth Sylvain, orphaned. ar- riving at Leyden from Paris, to make her home with Uncle Louts Cornvelt, and met at the stage coach by her sanctimonious cousin, Henry Cornvelt, a divinity student. Immediately the feminine members of the family, Mrs. Cornvelt, corpulent, kindly, entirely en- slaved to her husband, and her four subdued but curious daughters, prepare to absorb “Lysbeth” (rechristened by her uncle a “good Dutch name”) but through all the suppressions she man- ages to preserve her own personality, until she escapes. Sally Cornvelt plays with the idea of running away with her cousin, but in her heart knows she will never have the courage to leave the big ellow-plastered house with its tall, | shuttered windows, within which she :and her sisters perform unending | bousehold tasks and look forward to no recreations except needlework around the polished oval table n the high- ceilinged, unventilated drawing room in the evenings, going to church, visit- ing the poor, or taking enforced walks with their striding father. Susan seeks to find an outlet for her personality by fanatical adherence to a sect of pre- destinationists, whose meetings she attends secretly, for the orthodox parish church, in which Louis Cornvelt is an elder, is prescribed for all the family. Katie makes one desperate attempt at rebellion when she refuses to marry Dr. William Wiseman, indicated by her father as a suitable husband. She soon succumbs, however, to generally ac- |@epted ideas of duty and becomes the !mother of the pioneer feminist. Dr. The sons of the Corn- y. & men, are allowed | more freedom than the daughters, but {they, too, are to a great extent victims of paternal tyranny. By 1872 rebellion is rampant in the Cornvelt family, is worried over zs “dangerous” by the generation which in 1840 itself made feeble. futile ef- forts at rebellion. Sophia, Cattie, Cas- sie and Betsy Berkhout, daughters of Sally Cornwelt, outrage the family by refusing to be despised pensioners of thieir uncles and insisting on support ing themselves and their mother b: teaching and dressmaking. The ele- gant David Cornvelt, professor at the university and with aspirations toward a ministerial post, is humiliated by the open alliance of his only son with a Socialist group, but finds compensation in suppressing his daughter as success- fully as ever his own father, Louis Cornvelt. suppressed all his children. Eliza Wiseman tries unsuccessfuily to make her father understand that he himself is responsible for her interest in medicine; when he does no: vield she refuses to be suppressed and es- capes. The last scene in this novel of three generations shows us Dr. Eliza ‘Wiseman, old, retired, with all the pos- sible honors of her profession, sitting alone in her comfortable, big rcom in her nephew's house on the Rapen- burg. reflecting sadly and with puzzled brain on the fact that life in 1923 seems “a crazy carnival.” Her genera- tion took its emancipation sericusly and asked for freedom to work: the latest generation is bored with its freedom and is insatiable in its chase after pleasure. She tries to under- stand. but cannot. She says to her favorite great-niece: “You see, I'm an old woman and I begin to feel that my ideas are somehow hopelessiy out of date. And I get so tired of all these problems—so dreadfully tired—I would rather be left alone in peace for a while.” * X x X Deafness is treated as a blessing in |Lorna Rea's novel, “The Kappy Pris- oner.” Clare Pembridge lives in her own imagination, to a great extent, be- cause the real world is so much closed to her on account of her deafness. In this exclusion from much that goes on around her she is very happy. On so- cial occasions she ‘enjoys ~watching peoples’ faces and builds up for herself theories of what they are saying and thinking. The pleasantest and clever- est things which are said are communi- cated to her and she escapes all the quarrels and the banal remarks. But when Noel Carstairs meeis her, admires her beauty, and pitles her misfortune, he raises the question of the hopeless- ness of her deafness. A Liverpool spe- cialist is tonsulted and eventually her hearing is recovered. A new life be- gins, a life which is not in all ways better than the old one. When she can hear all that they say she finds people less fine and interesting than when she could only see them. She marries Noel, of course, and he disap- points her. The development of the characters in “The Happy Prisoner” has much of the insight and subtlety to be found also in Lorna Rea's earlier novel, “Six Mrs. Greenes.” EREE ‘The meeting of two eighteenth cen- tury celebrities, swift and casual, is described by Matthew Josephson in his biography, “Jean-Jacques Rousseau.” Roussesu, an exile from Paris, was liv- ing at Neuchatel. shortly after the pub- lication of “Emile” when James Bos- well, satellite of Dr. Johnson, sought out the famous philosopher of the re- turn to nature. Rousseau cannot have felt either honored or delighted by the visit of the voluble Scot, but he was suave and polite. Boswell at least was pleased with the visit. He relates that Rousseau_“kis t me several times and held me in his it cor- diality, Oh! I arms with elegan shall never forget that I have been thus.” * ¥ X % as well as of travel, and in both ca- pacities contains much interesting in: formation, as, for example, that Tal- linn, the capital of Estonia, viewed from the sea, is the most D city in Europe, except Constantinopl ——————— Room for All From the Toledo Blade. In prosperous days the man who owed everybody walked through the al- has made the streets e e. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Few Americans realize how much their Government does for them. Read- ers of The Star can draw on all Gov- ernment activities through our free information service. The world's great- est libraries, laboratories and experi- mental stations are at their command. Ask any question of fact and it will be answered, free, by mail direct to you. Inclose 3 cents in join or stamps for Treply postage and address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. Who is the greatest foot ball player of all times>—A. T. R. ‘A. It is a matter of opinion. How- ever, a beard of 12 of the most compe- I tent coaches in_the country voted on first, with Ernie Nevers, Stanford, and Red Grange, Illinois, tied for second place. Have the Mexicans created a me- morial to_the late Dwight Whitney Morrow?—H. F. A. A group of his Mexican friends presented to the United States Em- bassy in Mexico City a bronze tablet in memory of this former American Am- bassador to Mexico, who brought about an increased understanding and good will between the two countries. The tablet has been affixed to the_chancery ‘wall facing the embassy. . When is gold earmarked in this country for people who do not live here?—H. C. A. Gold is earmarked in this coun- try for the account of foreigners only when it belongs to them. Owners of gold do not like to have it shipped on account of the danger of loss at sea and the high insurance rates. Anticipating that they may need it at some future time to discharge obligations here, they order it earmarked instead of delivered to them. This means no one can touch it except on their order. . Please name the largest ocean liner _and battleship now operating? —J. P. A. The largest ocean liner in oper- ation is the S. S. Majestic. The largest battleship is H. M. 8. Hood of Great Britain. Q What 1s meant by fortifled wine? A Tt is wine to which grape brandy or ethyl alcohol has been added. Q. What is the real name of the Flatiron Building in New York City? -~P. V. C. A. The name carved in stone on the building is the Fuller Building. Q. In which of Shakespeare's plays did a woman first appear on the stage? —W. A. M. A. It is believed that the first wom- an who appeared in any regular drama performed the part of Desdemona in “‘Othello.” Her name is not known. Q. What year was called Annus Mirabilis>—W. M. A The year 1666, which was famcus in English history for two decisive vic- tories over the Dutch and for the great fire of London. Dryden's poem y this name commemorates these events. Q. When did railroad cars first have vestibules?—S. F. L. A. The first vestibuled car, a Pull- man invention, was bullt in 1887. It device in railrcad travel It provides safe car-to-car travel, inciudes anti- telescoping construction to prevent cars climbing one another in collision and | | ! police horse must always have its nerves under control; it must salways be on guard the clamors, shocks and dangers of the street. It must never lose its poise and equanimity, de- part from & dignified and measured D shooting. trumpeting and whooping goes on about it. A police horse must not shy or lunge when siones and other missiles are flying through the air; much less must it be startled by a vagrant newspaper. It must calmly and dutifully trot through dense and surg- ing masses of striving men, and never for & moment display any sign of fear or excitement. Horses for the police de- partment must therefore be selected with every care. They are subjected to searching tests, after veterinarians have found no flaws in their physical perfec- tion, to determine the qualities of their equine character and intelligence. For a police horse is a guardian of public order, and order must always be main- tained. Many a horse that has passed satisfactorily all the preliminaries of its examination fails at the final proofs. Callous to really terrifying rackets and indifferent to most surprises, an equine candidate for the police de- partment will sometimes rear or back away when a harmless unbrelia is unexpectedly snapped open before it. Such an animal, of course, is at once Temoved frcm further consideration. Numerous nags that have shown no trepidation or nervousness in all sorts of other excitations and ‘emergencics simply cannot brook the regenschirm (umbrella). Not long ago, one of the older police horses, which had joined the force be- fore the umbrella test was a part of the examination, found itself in theé center of a political riot where the atmosphere wad thick with sticks and stones and crammed with abusive vociferations. These orgies disturbed not the horse a bit, not even when a brick grazed hi very nose. But suddenly a bystande: opened his umbrella to protect himself against _the threatened bombardment with what feeble means he had at hand. That was enough. In fact, it was too much. The horse shied and threw its doughty rider into the very midst of the struggling. velling parti sans, and then returned at top speed and by the shortest route to its stall. The policeman, so unluckily displaced, picked himself ignominiously out of the dust of the street and went home on foot, his uniform marred and rumpled. Since that time all the poor creatures must submit to the new test, the acid course was assigned in the training schools. Horses for the police depart- ment must know how to face the sud- denly opened umbrella. * X X ¥ Girl Students Protest in Ceylon. Ceylon Daily News, Colombo.—An unprecedented scene was witnessed at the education office when about 40 girl students from the Balapitiya Sidd- hartha Training School marched in a body to L. McD. Robinson, deputy di- rector of education, to whom they had been referred by the minister of educa- tion whom they first approached. . Robinson, 1t is learned, spent well-nigh three hours giving a patient hearing to a long tale of woe from the students, whose allegations were, in some cases, supplemented by their par- to the mflon to the h an assistant teacher of the institution, setting out their d mak- certain ing ‘management. Among the allegations made was a f:é"pmm that they were not properly After the inquiry the manager, is said to have dismissed the teacher h W] tion mmfimfllm this and Jim Thorpe of Carlisle was | is considered the greatest single safety | ER WELT SPIEGEL, Berlin—A | progress, no matter how much shouting, | test of equine equanimity. An extra | holds the train in a rigld unit, riding more safely and smoothly. Q. Who is the author of the quota- tion on the New York City Post Office which begins “Neither snow nor rain nor heat”"?—C. B. A. It is taken from paragraph 98, Bcok VIII of the work of the Greek historian Herodotus, who wrote in the fifth century B.C. It reads: ‘“Neither snow nor rain nor heat nor night stays these couriers from the swift comple- tion of their appointed rounds.” Q. What can be done to get rid of or put to use the electricity generated by walking on a heavy rug?—T. 8. N. A. The Bureau of Standards says that the experience described is a com- men one in Winter when the heated air indoors is very dry. There is no effective way of preventing such charges except increasing the humidity of the eir. The elecirical energy is so small as to be entirely useless. Q. Why tax Do natives of India use more salt than other people? —W. T. T. A. The natives of India do not use salt to an uncommon degree. In com- mon with practically all of the human race, however, a certain amount of salt is necessary to insure health, and this being a unive 1 need, it was a logical object cf taxation Q. How many of the people listed in 4 'husG\Vlm in America” are scien- G. of science comprise 30.4 per number listed, lawyers 15.2 | per cent and physicians and surgeons | 7.3 per cent. Q. What use is made of after one leaves schocl?—S. C. k. used extensively in principally in all : chitecture, mechanical nd building. geometry H. astr as we drawing, carpentry . y was the Colosseum in Rome given this n: —B. 2 A. had been calfed the Flavian but came (o be known as the Colosseum from the colossal statue of the Emperor Nero which was near. | The statue of gilded bronze was 117 feet in height. Q How much do bears weigh at birth’—S. N. A. Bear cubs weigh from nine to twelve vunces at birth. Q. How much do the insurance com- panies of the country pay out to policy holders in a year?—R. D. A. Last year it is estimated that $2,- 600,000.000 was paid out by insurance companies in death, endowment, and | disability claims, and in dividends and surrender value: Q. How ma bale of cotton?—, A.In the United States the bale weighs 480 to 500 pounds; in t, 8 pounds or 720 pounds; India, 396 polnds; Brazil, 220 pounds. Q. How many beef cattle are killed in a day in a big slaughter house?—J. S. A. The Chicago plant of one of the st packing firms is equipped to out 250 cattle per hour. On the of an eight-hour day, this would be 2,000 cattle a day. Q. How many asteroids are there? G pounds are there in a S. J. More_than 1.000 have been dis- cd. These tihv planeis range in diameter from 480 miles to three miles or less. Most of them have been named and catalogued. 8 Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands The students protested. They de- manded the dismissal of the boarding istress and the matron and some oth- ut the manager did not accede t their request. X 4% Egyptians Recall Tragedy 50 Years Ago. The Egyptian Gazette, (fifty years ago column).-—We feel cer- tain that our readers will forgive us g the publication of our events of the past few staff is dispersed and we ent working under difficul- e few workmen we have suc- ceeded in retaining in our emplagment have been, in common with ourselves, burnt out of house and home and are at present n our office, being provisi Ity The present number of the Egyptian Gagzette is issued with iew of show- ing that, thoug uncivilized rebels under the command of that archtraitor, Araby Pasha, have burnt down nearly the whole of the Egyptian quarter of Alexandria, there is a fair degree of safety insured for its residents. A po- lice force has been organized, and in & very short time it may be hoped that if we all put our shoulders to the wheel we may evolve orcer out of the chaos and restore matters to their normal condition. ’ We were the only journal in Egypt which steadily counseled Eurcpeans to themselves from the country; we erely criticized and censured by any for our adoption of this line of conduct; recent events have unhappily jonly too amply justified us. We now { counsel Europeans and natives who | have interests at stake to return. Al- though any immediate danger is past, we may say that we do not consider it | would be prudent for ladies and children | to return for the present to Alexandria. The mere want of provisions and lack | of suitable accogmodations renders the | town utterly uninhabitable for those | Who co not wish to be exposed to the nevitable discomforts attendant on the | present position of affairs. Hoarded Wealth? From the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Whence comes this cataract of money which floods the scenery every time the | Treasury of the United States an- | nounces that it has some Government | bonds to rent? “Rent” is used advis- | edly. The bonds are so short-lived as | to make the other word, “purchase,” in- adequate for description. The funds thus available are con- | tained within the savings accounts and safety deposit boxes of the citienship of the United States. In this latest in- stance we are informed that $6 ap- peared for every one that was needed. A total of more than $4,000,000,000 could not be used, so it has returned to its depositories, hiding places or wherever, That four billions of dollars could transform half of the present army of unemployed into customers for indus- try. Invested in Government bonds it must collect the skimpy interest it earns from these who pay income and other budget-balancing taxes. There will be nothing earned. ‘Whatever it is that is the matter with us, 1t has not been cured. Industry does not attract money stored up to the credit of the individual. Money in in- dustry should be many times more val- uable than money earning interest only because enough taxes are forthcoming to_pay it. In industry those billions could be completing the cycle of productivity to consumption in all walks of life. So long as they remain shy of legiti- mate trade channels we are not over- noticeably on our way to convalescence. What we should be doing is working our money so nearly overtime in industry that the United States Treasury would be compelled to operate on its own. ——— Alexandria Opportunity. From the Dotroit News. “Well, well!” remarked the town crab cheerily as he looked over the ballot. “What a ectly marvelous number e s ”