Evening Star Newspaper, July 27, 1932, Page 8

" A8 »= THE EVENING STAR, ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY......July 27, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor|: st New York Office: 110 . Offi hig ‘Buil 3 obean on“e."'x'fi’fl'%fi.h 2. "Londos. Eni . Rate by Carrier Within venine Etar the City. 45c per month . 60c per menth d_Sunday Star t) 65, e e e Evening '« Twhen S Shn Tne Bunday St ¥ copy Collection made af the eié of each month. rders may e sent in by mail OF telepnone Ational 5000 vening and Sund T4 Bundaye) Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Mar,land and Virginia. : v 85 Delly und Bunday 000, 1 oo, 80¢ aily only . : indasonly $4.00. 1 mo. 40c All Other States and Canada. ally and Sunday. . $12.00; 1 mo., $1.00 aily only B $8.00: 1 mo. T5c| ay only $5.00: 1 mo.. 80c Member of the Associated Press. ! ‘The Associated Press is exclusively entitled | to the use for republication of ®il news ~is- atches credited to it or not otherwise cred- Foc™is’ Shs Duper and also the local rews Published herein. All rights of publication of soecial dispatches herein are also reserved. —_— e Real Drama—Not a Farce. i The process of “evicting” the bonus ; squatters frcm Government property that the Treasury Department wants eleared for building operations has as- sumed the superficial aspects, at least, of a riciculous farce. With Gandhilike passivity the squatters have disregarded ultimatum after ultimatum to move out, | and none of the constituted authorities | #o0 far has seen fit to issue the neces- | sary orders for making the ultimatums effective. The police refuse to act untll given specific orders to act; the con-| tractor, notified by the Government to proceed with the work of clearing the property and razing the buildings, n-} fuses to proceed until the property is! first cleared of trespassers. And there | the matter stands today, with the vet- | erans, as far as anybody can see now,! making a monkey out of Uncle Sam. | Uncle Sam is represented by numer- | ous egents. There is the Treasury De- | partment, which has jurisdiction over | the property that the veterans occupy | and which has been purchased by the Government as the site of wvarious buildings that Congress has ordered built. There is Col. U. & Grant, 3d, who has jurisdiction over other prop- erty owned by the Government and set aside as a public park, but for the pres- | ent is being utilized as a camp site by several thousand citizens. There are the District Commissioners, who have police jurisdiction over the District of Calumbia, including, when requested to exercise their authority, the public parks. There is the Police Department, which enforces the orders of the Com- missioners when such orders are given by the Commissioners. There are the Army, the Navy and the Marine Corps, which, when ordered by the President of the United States, and sometimes the Vice President, are available for the enforcement of orders and ultimatums #f and when such orders sre given. And there are the bouus squatters, with their comic opera “general staff” and commander in chief, aides, etc., who refuse to move unless other quar- ters are provided, when there is no law or rule requiring anybody to furnish them with other quarters. The resulting impasse might be ended by & specific order in writing to the police by some of the many constitut- ed authorities in Washington to clear the Government property of trespass- ers. Certainly the occupants of this property are trespassers, and certainly there is authority under the law to pre- vent trespassing on Government prop- erty. But who will issue the order? And if no one will issue the crder, who can be blamed for the failure? It is obyious that no one wishes to take the re- sponsibility for the disorder and blood- shed that might accompany forcibie eviction of several thousand men, women and children. And leaving aside the possibility of disorder and bloodshed, ‘where are the men, women z2nd children to go if and when tiiy are evicted? There is no space for them in jail, if anybody wanted to send them to jail. The parks are certainly preferable, as cantonment sites, to the public streets. Until somebody comes forward with a workable plan of eviction not only from | the Government area desired for build- | ing operations, but frocra the public parks that Col, Grant has requested to be cleared, this situation is not to be construed as a farce. It is another act in & highly emotional and absorbing drama, the last act of which is yet to be writteny ee r———— In a spirit of badinage it was once remarked that Senator Borah was a statesman three years and a politician the fourth. It is evidently his inten- tion to break any such rule this Sum- mer. ————rat— British Financial Patriotism. Not since Great Britain's abandon- ment of the gold standard last Sep- tember has anything in the world of Furopean finance been so noteworthy @5 the current conversion operation af- fecting the British five per cent war Joan of 1929-1947 into three and one- half per cent bonds. An issue of more than two billion pounds—a sum ap- proximating the total amount of the war debts Europe owes the United States—is involved. ‘The process calls for a direct sacri- fice by the holders of the war loan, for they are asked, in & eroad spirit of financial patriotism, to accept three and one-half per ceht securities in lieu of obligations which have paid five per cent since their flotation fifteen years ago. Up to this week owners of war loan stock, representing much more than half of the aggregate, or one bil- lion pounds, had signified their readi- Tess to convert their holdings. Those who do so before July 31 are to be re- warded by a bonus of one pound per share. The old rate of interest, five per cent, will be maintained until the end of this year. The exchequer ex- pects & ninety per cent response before the books are closed. The huge transaction was launched only a month ago in the guise of & rank appeal to relieve the government of “burdensome” interest obligations, Said Chancellor Neville Chamberlain: ‘The lower rate of interest next and c oer month | i to be a member of the Reconstruction Eerwards being resolutely borne. ‘The successful conversion of the war loan, now assured, will not merely re- sult in a great saving in State expen- diture, the exchequer points out—the | loan is so vast that the gain will be in {the neighborhood of thirty miltion pounds a year, or about the equivalent {of the war debt annuity John Bull is | now paying Uncle Sam. It will also | pave the way for lower imterest rates. { Thus British industry will be enabled more easily to obtain capital, employ more pecple and produce more goods | as British trade conditions improve. “Britons never, never, never Wwill be | slaves” runs an ancient British theme song—either slaves to a conqueror, or, as current events indicate, slaves to un- bearable economic conditions, if by dint of heroic effort on their own part such | serfdom can be thrown off. The two- billion-pound war loan conversion scheme is praiseworihy evidence of | Britons' power and will to surmount their governmental vicissttudes, no mat- ter what the cost. ——— The Pomerene Appointment. The appointment of Atlee Pomerene ' Finance Corporation, announced by President Hoover last night, will be well received throughout the country. Mr. Pomerene, & Democrat, is not only | well qualified for the post, but he also has given the country valuable service in the past. For a dozen years, from | 1912 to 1924, he was a Senator of the United States from Ohio. In 1924 he| was appointed to an important post by another Republican President, Calvin Coolidge. He became at that time special counsel for the Government in the prosecution of the oil fraud cases growing out of the Tea Pot Dome ex- posure. As a lawyer and as’a Senator Mr. Pomerene has an enviable reputa- tion. He is the type of man that will inspire confidence in the corporation, which he is to head. President Hoover's appointment of Mr. Pomerene to head the Reconstruc- tion Pinance Corporation places four Democrats on the board of directors, a majority. It was reported that the President was seeking a Democrat for this position, rather than & Republican. It is apparent that the President wants no charge leveled against the corpora- tion that it is a political adjunct of the Hoover campaign for re-election, making loans where it is believed they will do the most good for the Repub- lican ticket. The accusation that the corporation was being set up for po- litical purposes has been made in the past by some leading Democrats. The President has cut the ground from un- der their feet. It would be ridiculous for opponents of the administration to| charge now that a corporation with a board of directors controlled by a Dem- ocratic majority was acting to bring! about the re-election of President Hoo- ver. As a matter of fact, the Reconstruc- tion Finance Corporation was set up to aid the country in its journey back from depression, The President is ear- nestly and heartily desirous of having the corporation play & big part in the reconstruction of industry and agricul- ture. Wishing to get away from the pos- sible charge that the corporation after all was only a political weapon in the hands of the administration, Mr, Hoo- ver recommended to the Congress when it was considering the relief bill in re- cent weeks that the law be amended so that there would be eight members of the board of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, with four from each of the political parties, instead of seven with | no more than four from one political | party. At the same time he pointed out | that the chairman of the Federal Re- serve Board and the Federal farm loan commissioner should be relleved of serv- ice as members of the board because of thelr other dutles. The President’s recommendation was not carried out by Congress, but it did amend the law so that he would have an opportunity to appoint new members of the board in place of the head of the Federal Re- | serve Board and the Pederal farm loan | | commissioner. i The President, in order to remove| the Reconstruction Finance Corpora-| tion from the charge of playing poli-| tics, has appointed a fourth Democrat, | Mr. Pomerene, to head the corporation. | Some of the Democratic politicians sre} already saying that his purpose in giv-| | ing the Democrats a majority on the | board is to make it possible to charge that the failure of the Reconstruction Pinance Corporation and the relief act are due to Democratic inefficiency, if there should be a failure. But that is not the fact. These politicians fail utterly to see that the main stake is a return of a measure of prosperity to the American people. It is for such a return that President Hoover is striv- ing. Mr. Pomerene has patriotically accepted an important post in the service of the country during an emer- gency. | | r——— Depression is being classified as one of those imported articles which no tariff menagement has succeeded in | regulating. | ——— s Welcome Signs of Revival. ‘While a total of 2,750 workers added to the pay rolls, as reported in = number of items printed in yesterday's | Star, does mnot constitute a material percentage of those now idle in this country, it is nevertheless a welcome | sign of reviving industry. These items are as follows: At Hazelton, Ps, 150 silk operators; Fitchburg, Mass, 250 worsted workers; at Richmond, Va, in two plants, 1,275 new names on the pay rolls of tobacco factories; in the same ecity 650 rayon workers; at Gardner, Maes., 175 stove operatives; at Fort Worth, Tex., 150 clothing makers, and st Greensburg, Pa, 100 coal miners, This is & fairly wide distribu- tion geographically and also in respect to industries. | ruptly controlled banking institutions | might be in order which would equip THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, JULY: 27, 1932 ad been to seek for quality rather than cheapness, a sign of expectation of ® substantial improvement in this line of trade. These signs are welcome. every disposition to believe that the turn of the tide has come and that people are about to resume buying in expectation themselves of a revival of their present positions and add several millions to the employment lists dur- ing the next few months. A movement has been begun in Minnesota for a buying campaign with pledges given by individuals to purchase needed articles and commodities conditioned upon the retention of present employment. The | effect of such a concentrated purchas- ing impulse, even in a single state, is certain to be beneficial. 1t is recognized that the fundamental | causes of the depression have been cor- rected. Securities that were inflated to many times their real value have been liquidated to below their actual worth, Weak, mismanaged and cor- have been liquidated. Excessive in- ventories of stocks have been absorbed to a very great extent—in some lines completely. The fiscal situation has materially improved. The international factors of disturbance have been great- ly allayed. Political uncertainties have been resolved into clear-cut issues and the presentation of two opposing party ! tickets that offer no serious menace on either side to national stability. In these circumstances there is warrant in believing that the long elusive “‘corner” has been approached, if not reached, and that recovery is on the way. —o—————— harbored because of Ambassador Mel- lon's slightly satirical reference to greater attention to base ball than to politics, the fans should ree to it that he is provided with a season pass so that he can learn for himself what in- teresting relaxation the great game really affords. e —————— Prophecles of two cars in every garage are not likely to be soon fulfilled. In the meantime the average motorist will be content with an arrangement that assures gas at the rate of five gallons in every tank. —————————— There should be an abundance of en- lightening campaign oratory. There are industry thet will maintain them in, In order to show that no il will is bes so many issues involved, foreign and domestic, that every economic !Dechlistl can depend on being heard with interest. ————————— The “crown of thorns and cross of gold” has been restored to public atten- tion, but that equally prominent refer- ence to the “full dinner pail” is no longer permitted by circumstances to figure in the discussion. o When international finance is dis- cussed in the Senate a change of title proceedings with a Committee on Poor Relations. B A oonference conducted, as has been suggested, without the presence of “ex- perts” would require delegates compe- tent to carry a formidable amount of data in their heads. e A highly successful demonstration was offered by Senator Borah that in a radio program the words may occasion- ally achleve more recognition than the music. Bonus marchers have not gone very far beyond making the sidewalks of Washington, D. C, look a little like those of a European capital. ———— Charlie Chaplin will write 8 book in the expectation that a really good co- median can work with his head as well as his feet. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Telling Our Troubles. Our troubles long ago we told To & policeman, stout and bold. ‘Today the proper thing, you know, Is to tell your troubles to the radio. If you have a tune you can't repress; 1f a speech is bothering your consclous- ness, Or a great big ad that you'd lke to show, You can tell your troubles to the radjo. If you think you are the only one Who knows how this world should be run, ‘With the grand piano or the old banjo You can tell your troubles to the radio. Ticket. “What do you think of our ticket?” asked the constituent. “It is the best possible,” answered Benator Sorghum. “But we've got to keep trying hard to make it look less like & promissory note and more like a meal ticket.” Jud Tunkins says he likes to go fish- in’, because he admires the fish who let him sit and think and seldom inter- rupt him by trying to start an argu- ment. Exchange of Compliments. Each year a friend draws near to say How Summer stress must pass away, And 30, though nations raise a shout While each day brings another doubs, T'll pause to welcome with good cheer That song of frost that will draw near. To you, in leafy shadow hid, My compliments, friend katydid! Comparison. “So you think Orimson Gulch is more moral than Chicago?” “Well,” answered Cactus Joe, “we're both pretty tough towns. But Ohi- cago naturally gets the worst of the comparison by bein' so much bigger.” “One of your philosophers,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “advises me to let well enough alone. But who shall tell me where ‘well enough’ has ever been discovered?” Time and Money. Additions to the pay rolls of textile and clothing factories have lately been ‘Time may be money, as you say. Experience says, “No, sir!” You can't take time off without pay And spend it with the grocer, BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. One of the old-fashioned beliefs hap- pily dropped in this age was that t sort of thing to read in Summer was “light fiction.” be"l‘:dly the bulk of readers know T, They realize that the proper sort of reading for hot weather is just the same as for any other time of the year. Good writing. ‘Whether it be “light” or “heavy,” makes no particular difference. As a matter of fact, those who really enjoy reading often find that hot weather is the one best time of the year for going through works which offhand receive the label of “heavy.” ‘This happens because the mind does not sweat. It alone, of all our organs, refuses to be affected by the heat. The mind functions quite as well on a hot day as on a cold one. This is realized by all persons who actually have command of their minds. Many do not, of course; therefore, they do not understand exactly what is meant by “command.” ‘There is nothing mystical about it, * however. The mind must be talked to by the mind, and told what the mind wants the mind to do. Consclous direction, to some_extent. is necessary if the trusty old brain is to function readily and happily in all sorts of weathers. Otherwise a man will unconsciously subscribe to the ancient doctrine that there is some curious relationship be- tween the state of the weather and what one should read. There is not, and never has been, but a large section of the community, in the heyday of the great/and glorious "80s, actually believed that one should read one sort of book in August and another type in December, A little able direction by the mind | will set the mind at rest on such a proposition. and soon convince it that the real reader is just as able to pursue his favorite occupation and recreation in hot s in‘cool weather. ‘The mind does not perspire, remem- T. It remains serenely aloof from the mundane affairs of life, as if it were the natural heir to another world and knew it. The mind is proud of the distinc- tion which life has given it. Not for nothing does it bear both | the burdens and the rewards of living. | The shame of the mind comes when it contemplates such a non-intellectual | process as warfare, and realizes that, despite all the plain reasons against it, there is nothing much that can be done to make intellectuality victorious in this matter. When it comes to reading, there the | mind is strictly on its own plane. Books were made for the mind, not for the hands or the legs. The eyes have it, in a sense, since it is through them that the majority pride of persons read, but it must not be forgotten that even here many persons read with the finger tips. They, too, are readers. It is the mind, in any case, which is the reader. The mind reads, the mind tastes, the mind discards, the mind-rejoices. Once the proper directions have been given, the mind finds it quite as easy to read a “heavy” work as a “light” one. ‘There are several plain benefits to be gained in thus buckling down to a book which some might regard as more suit- able reading for a cold night. In the first place, the reader plainly tells himself that reading is not a meteorological process. The state of the wind has nothing at_all to do with it. It is the condition of the mental faculties which counts here! Thus the reader takes himself in hand and does what he wants to do. ‘There is always a certain satisfac- tion in that. The truth groblbly is that one reads better on a hot day than on a mod- erate ome, if one first gets the idea into his head that it is good for the health of his mind to do so. ‘When the day is sultry, and physical action makes one hotter than ever, there is a very good excuse for merely sitting, as reading requires. Americans are such children of ac- tion, often in aggravated forms, that it is good for them, upon occasion, to have adequate excuses for themselves. There is many a gentieman in this land who has looked forward for years to reading certain lengthy works, such as the momumental histories of Momm- sen, Grote, Gibbon, and so on. In leash to old thoughts, however, and especially to the pioneer traditions of a race of action, they do not find it altogether easy to take the time which such a proceeding requires. It may be of benefit to them, there- fore, if they will Jook upon a hot Sum- mer as sent especially for their benefit. It is cooler at home than almost any other place, even than in a spe- clally cool theater. The lesser amount of clothing one may wear in the home precincts surely equalizes matters. ‘There is no time of the year quite so good for one of these lengthy works —we will not call them heavy—as the so-called “dog days” when it is too hot for anything else, almost. He who has not tried it will dis- cover that in a few days he is able | to go through something which he for- merly regarded with extreme doubt. He doubted that he would ever tackle | it, much less ever finish it. It is exactly here that the firm di- rection to the mind comes in. It is just another case can who thinks As In most such cases, an initial physical step is helpful. Therefore in telling yourself what you want yourself to do it is well if one's hand reaches Into a bookcase and actually removes a wanted volume. It is a small action, but it is a mighty one. Once the book is out of the case It has a 100 per cent better chance of being read. Once actually begun, a book has about 1,000 per cent better opportunity of being finished than it had on the shelf. Think of all the delightful books re- posing on shelves unread by the very people who should read them! Every reader knows certain books, in his own experience, which he is quite sure would be the very books loved and praised by other readers if he could induce them to read them. Here he meets a curious hitch. In recommending books to others he meets the old stumbling block of self- e. Many an otherwise intelligent person refuses to read what he has not dis- covered. He does not do this in so many words, openly, of course, but only by a tacit refusal to carry into action the words he speaks. “T'll get it,” he says, after you have recommended something to him. You know at the same time that he will not get it at all, except by the sheerest chance. You feel sure that if you could get the book into his hands, he would read it, and no doubt like it. The same thing is more true, even, of those long books, or sets of books, which most Teaders have been plan- ning to read for a long time. Hot weather is the best season of all to begin on them. This age is hap- pily freed from the old superstition that I'one has to read by the thermometer, WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. By general consent it'll be somebody else’ than Senator Borah who'll head the Senate Committee on Foreign Re- lations by the time Congress—if at all—gets around to ratifying a new war debts arrangement. That is to say, hardly anybody expects the Republicans to control the Senate after March 4, 1933, which will mean Borah’s exit from the chairmanship of foreign relations, the post he's held since he succeeded the late Senator Henry Cabot e in 1924. The next chair- man will Senator Claude A. Swan: son, Democrat, of Virginia, now ranl ing minority member of the committee. Senator Swanson is also ranking mem- ber of the Naval Affairs Committee, but his friends know that he will choose to head foreign relations if and when the Democrats take the helm in the Upper House, Mr. Swanson has had unique opportunity—unlike that any member of the Senate ever had before—to acquamnt himself first hand with international conditions, because of his six months at the Geneva Dis- armament Conference. 'There, since last February, the senior solon from the Old Dominion has been brushing shoulders with the high and mighty of Europe. He should return to Wash- ington with & load of the low-down on what our World War debtors mean to do, or not to do, when pay day rolls around on December 15 ne: * X KK Col. Edward M. House has entered the Franklin D. Roosevelt picture, but, for some mysterious reason, he’s been painted out of the World War pano- rama, the Pantheon de la Guerre, now on exhibition in Washington. When the mammoth canvas was originally dis- played in Paris Col. House appeared in the American group alongside President Wilson. The Texan was shown reclin- ing against the central pedestal, as if in an attitude of patient and tolerant listening, while the President reads a proclamation to the American people. Believe it or not, the French never seemed quite to understand who and what Col. House was, or why. The Parisian authorities, at any rate, de- cided that before the panorama left Prance for the United States House should be deleted and the late Ambas- sador Myron T. Herrick put in his place. The béloved American envoy did not acquiesce willingly in posing for his portrait_in substitution for Col. House, and only agreed to do so when the French represented that President Wil- son’s confidential adviser was “out,” in any event. * Kok * Occasionally this radio scribe presents ‘Washington dignitaries on the radio who succumb to microphone stage fright. He has coined a word to describe their emotions—microphobia. Not '1::: :’gobn distinguished person was af y it in !g‘: midst of a talk, with the result that he got the parable about Daniel in the lions’ den badly twisted. A listener wrote in and said: “First the lions had Daniel licked; then, the next moment, Daniel had the lions on the run, and flnl]l{r radio fans were left as high in the air wondering who really came out on top as they were after the recent Sharkey-Schmeling scrap. Not until next morning was I put straight by consult- ing the Bible—'The Book of Danie! chapter 6, verse 22—which informed me that ‘My God hath sent His angel, and hath shut the lions’ mouths that they have not hurt me’ Then I knew that old Dan got the decl:io:)’ Many people are wondering what Old Man Depression is doing to the George Washington _bicentenary celebrations throughout the country. Associate Di- rector Sol Bloom deposes and says: “While depression has tended to cur- tail some activities, only rarely has this seriously affected the work local grams required little or no expenditure of money, being conceived in the thought that the best way to honor ‘Washington’s memory would be to turn the thoughts and hearts of the people toward him in such forms of simple tribute as would express sincerity and love. Conditions generally have brought home to our people the need for just such a patriotic influence as we have evoked. Thousands of letters attest that Americans everywhere have rallied to the bicentenary as a method of ex- pressing faith in ‘their country, as well as love for its greatest citizen.” X ok ox % A day or two after Congress adjourned, a famous United States Senator started for the West, accom- panied by two young woman secretaries, as he has a campaign for re-election ahead of him. Just before the train started, the girls said they'd like to dash back to the newsstand and pick up some light reading for a hot journey, “Never mind,” said the Senator, “I've brought som .” _After the train was under way, he pulled from his grip two volumes. One was the Bible and the other Emerson’s essays, * K K X Senator Arthur Capper (Republican, of Kansas) is leaving for Topeka. he's hurrying home to vote in next Tuesday’s senatorial and _guberna- torial primaries. When theyre over the statesman-editor-broadcaster will wade into the G. O. P, campaign, using his own radio station at Topeka for | speeches that will reach the whole State. Senator McGill, Democratic in- cumbent, is unopposed for renomina- tion. Three Republicans are after the senatorial nomination—former Gov. Ben Paulen, Joseph Mercer, head of the State live stock department, and State Senator James Getty. Many Kansans expect to see the goat-gland doctor, Jol R. Brinkley, broadcast himself He's already in the field, touring the ?}';lte :v;;h :! lf!udlpefillker and rousing e rabble. He's “ag'in” everything ex- cept Brinkley. - * ok % % Democratic National Chairman James A. Farley faced the Washington jour- nalistic guns yesterday for the first time since he put Gov. Roosevelt over at Chicago. Fresh from an all-day seance with Democratic Senators and Representatives, “Big Jim” fenced as- tutely with the Capital reportorial brigade, dodging leading questions with neatness and dispatch. Attempts to get the statuesque leader of the donkey to commit himself as to Roosevelt elec- tion prospects failed of their purpose. Somebody piped up and asked: “How about your pre-convention prophecy: ‘Roosevelt on the first ballot'?” Quoth Mr. Farley: “Well, it served a good purpose, didn’t it?” The Democratic generalissimo %hna to descend periodi- cally upon ashington during the campaign. Farley exhibited while hob- | nobbing with the correspondents on | Tuesday his uncanny faculty for re- | membering names and faces, one of his most effective political assets. * x ok x White House press conferences are nowadays more honored in the breach than in the observance. Never during the Hoover administration has the President called off his semi-weekly Pow-wows with the newspaper men s0 often or so regularly as during the past two or three months. Nobody knows why the Chief has gone Coolidge and taken refuge in reticence. Perhaps he desires to remain incommunicado until the deluge of words which are expected to be poured forth in his speech of ac- ceptance on August 11. Sometimes thc press conferences are called off on short notice and after the scribes are actually assembled in the executive offices waiting for admission to the presidential pres- ence. Copyright, 1938.) ———— Bill the Bolter. R e oty WU L into the governorship in November. | P3Y. Others Than Veterans | Should Be Remembered To the Editor of The Star: A. Moore, makt Why are these men “in & class higher than the rest of the population” be cause they served during the war? What about the volunteer work of the doctors, nurses, of the home folks who worked many weary hours preparing surgical and other supplies, the $1 year person- nel who received no soldiers’ pay—why are they relegated to a lower class by Mr. Moore—these people who “held up the hands” of the soldiers? And contrary to the same writer, their demand to Congress was not “made in the same way that the banks, | forms of organized labor, Government employes, etc.” was made, for these | latter did not descend on Washington in a mob, knowingly quarter themselves in insanitary surroundings to the men- ace of health of residents nearby and levying on the latter for aid. , I would inquire what Gov- ernment department did Congress “ap- propriate money for?” According to information given me in one depart- ment, the Government Printing Office, the employes have had their salary cut 81, per cent, their work days reduced to five- days per week, their annual leave, which every employe earned last year, refused outright, and no financial return made in lieu thereof, and if they are side-swiped some fair morning by a careless driver, one and one-half days’ y deducted for the hour or more of l;t time for something entirely out of their control. Does this look like money gained or lost to Government employes, or is there some other department gain in the offing? Where is Mr. Moore's chivalry in pro- posing that the women of the Nation, Who gave their sons as citizens and sol- diers in the first place, should also be required to do double duty by being in- cluded in a “universal draft law regard- less of age,” while he and his kind give but single service? Rather hard on the grandmothers and harder still on the motherless homes and uncgred for kid- dies. Where is Mr. Moore's semse of fairness? One soldier's fight on the battlefield is transcended by battle of one woman in giving life to a tiny sol- dier of the fature. ‘The last war should have shown every one that the women of this Na- tion, or of any other, did not wait to e drafted to do double duty, but per- formed countless labors for the vets overseas, with hearts heavy with sorrow for their own at the front. CHARLOTTE THOMAS. . ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Washington is the world's greatest store house of all kinds of knowledge. ~|You can draw on it free of charge through our bureau here. Any ques- tion of fact you may ask will be an- swered promptly in & personal letter to you. Be careful to write clearly, give your full name and address and inclose 3 cents for reply . Send your inquiry to The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau, Prederic J. Haskin, Direc- tor, Wi D. C. Q. How many world sport records has Nurmi made?—sS. L. A. In the official list of world records Nurmi’s name appears 13 times. He also holds 16 unofficial indoor records. Q. When did the late President Roosevelt take his first trip in an air- plane?>—H. P. A. He made his first airplane fiight in St. Louis, Mo., on October 11, 1910. He was up for only four minutes, fiying | with Arch Hoxsey in a Wright biplane. ‘The occasion was an aviation meet un- der the auspices of the Aero Club of St. Louis. Q. Which words are considered the most beautiful in the English language? —M. G. A, This would be a matter of opin- fon. The following have been suggest- ed: Melody, eloquence, modesty, honor, heaven, hope, purity, splendor, virtue, adoration, innocence, joy, sympathy, divine, happiness. Q. What are flat plate and rotary press stamps?—S. W. A. Rotary press stamps are made on a rotary or cylinder press. The flat- plate stamps are made on flat-plate presses. Q. What is an anticline? Can it be detected at the surface of the earth?— G. D, A. The Geological Survey says that an anticline is an upfold in rocks, and such a fold in deposits that are buried beneath formations of more recent geo- logic age that were not subjected to the folding cannot be detected at the sur- face. Such upfolds—called anticlines— are regarded as favorable to the ac- cumulation of oil, and it is for this rea- son that ofl prospectors endeavor to locate such structures. . In the myth concerning Castor and Pollux, which brother was mortal? -0. T. & A. Castor was the mortal and Pollux Gold Star Mother Protests Canceling of War Debts To the Editor of The Star: While I am slowly recovering from & long siege of illness, I cannot refrain from expressing my views in regard to a matter of vital importance to every loyal American. Ail and again I have been made righteously indignant by the thoughts expressed and senti- ment created in favor of reduction or cancellation of war debts due the United States of America as the result of money loaned to foreign govern- ments. . I am one of the United States tax- payers who bear a portion of the finan- cial burden of war debts, but of much more import is the fact that I am one of the American mothers whose sons’ life blood has been uselessly sacrificed on foreign battleflelds in the urge that it was for the cause of humanity. ‘Thie futility of such a sacrifice is being realized more and more, as time asses, by those who have borne the runt of the international tragedy. Only God may forgive the executives of our great United States who were re- sponsible for the entrance of America into the World War. Americans who have paid the price in the loss of their loved ones or who are confronted with the continuous mental and physical suf- ferings of loved cnes, as the result of foreign entanglement, have an especial right to demand the full payment of foreign war debts, lest the debtors for- | get, at least, the financial burden of their crime in being a party to any war. I, for one, and in the name of all those who are like-minded, will never concede justification of any reason for reduction or cancellation of foreign war debts to the U, S. A. Any considera- tion of mercenary adjustment by the United States in releasing foreign pow- ers of just obligations is an insult to the memory of Americans who were sacrificed and likewise to those who still i suffer as the result of their aid to war- ring foreigners. Our country is suffering today, in various ways, as the direct result of in- human warfare, undoubtedly made pos- sible by wrong sentiment created, in many instances, by some of our own legislators. Judging by what we glean from the press and radio from day to day, there are prospects of continued loss and suffering, unless Americans, worthy of their heritage, come to their senses ere it 1s too late. In accord with the last message re- ceived from my son before he was killed in France while downing German planes, “Mother, what is the matter with Amer- ica? Tell her to wake up!” I most the immortal twin. Pollux was permit- ted to share alternate life and death with his mortal brother. Q. For whom was the goatee known ‘| as an “imperial” named?—R. H. A. This tuft of hair beneath the lower lip avas named for Napoleon III, who wore his beard in this fashion, Q. Please explain the word, frankin- cense.—R. R. A. Frank is used in the obsolete sense of luxuriant. Frankincense is a fragrant resin of several Old-World trees of the balsam family. Q. Can turnips be kept for Winter use by pickling, as cabbage is made into sauerkraut?—D. H. A. A similar process is satisfactory. Firm, sweet, juicy turnips should be used. They should be ground or shred- ded and mixed with salt at the rate of 4 ounces of salt to 10 pounds of turnips. Pack in stone jars, weigh down, store at a low temperature. Q. When did Malthus live?—B. T. A. Thomas R. Malthus, an English economist, was born in 1766 and died faith, nobility, love, harmony, liberty, | in 1834. He taught that populstion tends to increase faster than the means of subsistence and that poverty is in- evitable unless the birth rate is lowered, Q. Please give a biography of Sucho- | rowsky, the artist who painted the pic- ture “Nana."—A. C. G. A. Marcel Gabriel Suchorowsky, por- | trayist and academist, was born in | Galicia, Austria, in 1840. At the age of 18 he entered the Imperial Academy of Art in Russia. For his outstanding work and extraordinary ability the | soviets of professors rewarded him with | three silver medals. He left the acad- emy and was granted the degree of bachelor of arts, third rate, in 1868. As early as 1872 he was granted the degree of first-rate artist and in two | years he was honored by bding elected an academist. At the World’s Exposi- tion in Vienna in 1873 the “Head of & Girl” by Suchorowsky, proved a great success, Until 1881 his career was chiefly | devoted to- portraiture. After this date he devoted h¥mself to studies. “Nana” was the first of his paintings which placed him among great artists. Amiong his other portraits are “Mme. Evdomin- | sky.” “Dream of Life,” “Head of Mor- dovian Girl,” “A Nun” and “Princess Galitzen.” Q. Where are the highest mountains east of the Rockies?—A. C. | A, They are located in North Care- | lina. Mount Mitchell highest | e being 6,688 hed.ls e 3 Q. Why does a firefly give light?— D. T. A. Fireflies produce a bright. soft, | intermittent light without sensible heat, from an organ in the lower part of the | abdomen. It is a specialized portion | of the fat bedy, being a plate consisting of polygonal cells, located under the | integument, and supplied with nerves and fine tracheal branches. These cells | secrete, under the control of the nervous | system, a substance which is burned | during the appearance of the light, This ‘\ combustion takes place by means of the en conveyed to the cells by the eae. o tr Q. Did the Indians use salt in their food before the coming of the white men?—B. L. A. Not all tribes of Indians were accustomed to use salt, whether from the difficulty of procuring it, the, ab- sence of the habit, a repugnance for the mineral, or for religious reasons, it is not always possible to say. Salt was eaten as a condiment, the only instance of its use as a preservative being its addition to yeast to prevent putre- | faction. The desire for salt is presumed to arise from a physiological need, and it is thought that the demand for it is greater when cereal or vegetal food is eaten, and decreases as the diet s more and more of animal substance. Q. How old is Earl Sande, the Ameri- can jockey?—B. W. | _A. He was born in Salem, Oreg., in 1889. | Q. What does the musical term “an- dante” express?>—P. K. | _A. The Etude says that it does not signify either fast or slow. It has the idea of “keep moving.” Q. Is it true that George Washington | was not the first President of the United | States?—J. D. L. | _ A. Because of the publication of, this statement such interest has been aroused in the assertion that Washington was not our first President that the State Department has formally stated that he was. Congress Session Arouses Widely Varying Judgments Reviews of the record of Congress re- veal lack of unanimity in the judg- ments of the country as to the char- acter of the service given by the legis- lative branch of the Government. There is & broad recognition of the importance of the work done and its unprecedented character for peace time, but there is some tendency to criticise the uncer- tainties of the methods employed. ‘With the suggestion that “no fair and impartial opinion of this Congress can be expected from any extremely parti- san source,” The Oklahoma City Okla- homan (independent) declares that “Congress succeeded in submerging partisianship and working for the gen- eral goad to a greater extent than most Congresses have succeeded in doing.” Holding that “measuring the accom- plishments by the magnitude of the tasks, Congress did fairly well” The Oklahoman, nevertheless, feels that the members were “more successful in in- creasing taxes than reducing ex- fises." and “thought too much of re- e in purely pork barrel terms,” and reaches the al conclusion that “it solemnly sound the warning, “America, wake up!” GRACE DARLING SEIBOLD. i Scores Suit of Clerk i | For Leave of Absence| To the Editor of The Star: That sure is a hot one. I am re- ferring to the article in a recent issus of The B8tar under this headline, “Federal Worker Sues for Leave Claimed Earned.” Imagine this young lady suing the Government for a vacation of five days with pay! ‘What do you suppose would happen if she were working for the Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co. and sued them for a vacation of five days with ay? Without a doubt she would be dis- charged and some one who appreciated the job put in her place. How many people working for pri- vately owned companies or corporations get ir vacations with pay. Some do, but very few of the subordinate posi- Qun holders do. I have had occasion to be in and through guite a number of the Govern- ment buildings in the last few months. During my visits I have been careful to observe that none of the Govern- ment employes hurt themselves any by working. . In fact I have been in one building in particular where there was a waiting line at the public telephone booths. This was at 10 o'clock in the mornin when the emp) were all supj to_be working at their desks. . I certainly have been very much surprised at the evident lack of disci- pline among employes in every Government building I have had occa- sion to be in durlng working hours. However, I really think lgll girl is going pretty far when she sues the Government for flve days' leave with nay, and I feel that her position should be given to some one who would appre- chte' it enough to not sue the Govern- ment. Possibly the Federation of Federal Employes has chosen this lady to make a test case. If that is true then I think &hucmmd“ t:l“ fi nln.lil;:.fl'w‘nuld and thelr post ven to those who need them. There are many people t now who would be mighty glad to have one of those jobs and not be small enough to squabble about five days’ leave with Z‘" JAMES L. BISS, The Economic Non-Issues. From the Boston Evening Transcript. This is a political economy nm_rln And the party committees don't like the economy. —ea Pledges of Politeness. Prom the Oakland Tribune. In the future cities may win political gmuau by guaranteeing to make was not the worst Congress that we have had. and by no means was it the best.” The Butte Montana Standard (Democratic) believes that “it achieved some brilliantly successful legislation and registered some miserable failures.” * ¥ %k % “The country,” thinks the Youngs- town Vindicator (independent Demo- cratic) “is revising its judgment and | conceding that, in view of the danger- | ous things that might have been done, Congress is entitled to more credit than the people until now have been willing to give.” The Birmingham Age-Herald (Democratic) advises that “if the Nation has been irritated by blunders, it is| only fair that some credit be given for actual and undeniable accomplish- ment.” The Duluth Herald (independ- ent Republican) declares that “fairness Tequires an ession of appreciation for the bre national spirit with which most of the acute problems of the times were met by both houses during a long and tremendously trying zession.” The Rochester Times-Union (independent) believes that, “on the whole, the record of legislation actually becoming law has been more satisfac- tory than seemed likely at the begin- ning of the session”; that “action of the Senate was frequently, though not always, along sound lines,” and that “President Hoover’s leadership was an outstanding factor in getting good legislation and blocking bad.” Value of the legislation enacted im- presses the Texarkana Gazette (Demo- cratic), the Lincoln State Journal (in- dependent Republican) and the Indian- apolis News (independent Republican). The last mentioned holds that “credit stability has been strengthened and the Nation prepared more adequately to deal with imperative tasks.” The Bal- timore Sun (independent Democratic) avers that “with much of the criticism of Congress it is not easy to sympa- thize,” and points out that “unless we are willing to surrender our Govern- ment to the tender mercies of star chambers, we cannot consistently criti- cize the frank and sometimes violent discussion of public issues.” The Jer- sey City Journal (independent Repub- 7S5 | anything done. “attended to the most important thin; ::&: The ‘Dayton Daiy News (O 3 ews - dependent Democratic) summarizes the results with the statement that this branch of the Government “has been in continuous session for seven months with an output of work never matched, save in war time, for an equal = ‘The Topeka Daily Capital (Republican) states: “It is the largest program of any | £ Congress in time of peace and, as the Chamber of Commerce of the United States_graciously concedes, a good rec- ord. For an important part of it, Con- gress rose above party.” * ok k% “Recognizing a lack of party con- trol,” the Springfield (Mass.) Republi- can (in dent) says that “Congress, thus handicapped, has done much bet- ter than ve been and 1t should be no li t.” | Referring to the necessity for the Gov- | ernment " “to function as the overlord | of private business,” that paper adds: | “The emergency caused by the collapse | of the credit structure has so gripped | both President and Congress that, with the approval of the great body of finan- ciers, bankers and industrialists, & wide departure from the private capitale | istic economy toward a #Governmente controlled economy has taken place.” The Charleston (S. C.) Evening Post (Democratic), however, offers the com- ment: “With Congress finally adjourned and the country in Mr. Hoover’s hands, on the first day of business after this happy event, the market turned sick and prices sagged down. So it was not Congress, after all, that was the matter with the situation.” Uncertainty as to the results of the legislation enacted is voiced by the Port Huron Times Herald (independent), the Morgantown Dominion-News (independ- ent Democratic), the Hartford Times (independent Democratic), the Rock Island Argus (independent), and the Asbury Park Evening Press (independent Democratic). The San_ Francisco Chronicle (independent Republican) finds in the record something that “suggests the nursery rhyme as the source of the sentiment with which to | commemorate it—the little girl with the curl on her forehead; when it was good it was good and when it was bad it was horrid” The Fort Worth Star- Telegram (independent Democratic), | taking up a question affecting the farm- ers, offers the conclusion that “frene zied politics, of the sort to be expeeud in the closing days of a session of Cone gress preceding the national election, played its part in the sensational inci- dent of the Norbeck farm relief bill, first enacted and then recalled by the | Senate.” all, probably we should be “After thankful; the outcome of the session might have been much worse,” states the Sioux Falls Argus-Leader (inde- ndent Republican), and the Wall treet Journal (independent) holds that “what Congress has actually done is incomparably better than what it re- peatedly threatened to do.” With the suggestion that “its bark has been worse than its bite,” the Roanoke World- News (Democratic) agrees that “it has at least done less of than at many times during its session has been threate ened.” The World-News concludes: “The past seven months have done much to cause the American people to lose faith in their institutions. We have not lost faith in democracy or self- government. But we have lost a_con- siderable amount of our former bellef in government through a debating so- clety method that, to readers of the Congressional rd, has at times smacked more of the methods of an old-fashioned old ladies’ sewing circle than of a representative body Imbued with a desire to serve the people.” “Neither party will be able to do much ‘pointing with pride’ to the serv- ice of its congressional representatives,” in the opinion of the New Orleans Times-Picayune (Democratic), which concludes that “Congress fumbled | wretchedly its Federal economy task.” The Hamilton Evening Journal (inde- pendent Democratic) condemns the fact that “the House and Senate were constantly at loggerheads, and every- body had to compromise in order to. get The Buffalo Evening News (independent Republican) sees in the adjournment “a sense of relief which probably will have more effect in stimulating business improvement than any act originating with and represent- ing the majority thought in Coi e The Providence Bulletin avers: can be nothing but condemnation for the meretricious politics played in the fouse.” The Rutland Herald (independent Republican) em the possibility of writing bitterly “of the posers, the exhibitionists, the showmen, the men of political vendettas, the men represent interests instead of men_ wnt l';ul. adds: “After all, they're not ‘el 3 Who puts ‘marionettes and mouth- gluu into office? We, ourselves, either v direct action or failure to act. We elected them and they are what they concelve to be our who and