Evening Star Newspaper, May 14, 1932, Page 2

JURY WILL PROBE RANSOM PAYMENT Spot Believed Import- (Continued t Page) | coastal waters, and 25 craft under sealed orders combed the sea for the kidnaper- | murderers. ! The detective brains of a Nation con- centrated today on a prime dilemma i 8s to whether the $50,000 ransom was ‘ collected by the actual murders in a 4 ghoulish swindle plot. or i~ Was it collected by racketeers seek- ! ing to cash in, like parasites of crime, ‘ on an act committed by some cne cle? { It was a problem of paramount im-, portance to a final solution of the e3sc, | : and there was much to be said on eiilier | % side. ! * It centered about a baby's sleeping i suit, two safety pins and an illiterate 1 note signed by a strange symbol. 4 Yesterday the tide of opinion seemed % to be swinging to the theors that the * murderers got the money. but last night | ; and today doubts crept in again | { The authorities were trying to de- | 3 termine whether the cabalistic ransom * note left in the nursery when Charles | 4 A. Lindbergh, jr. was stolen could have | got into the hancs, soon after the kid- 1 naping, of any person save Col. Lind- | % bergh and those working with him i I Other theories and possibilities were | also entertained. One of the latter was i put forward by Marshall. He said there Swas just a chance that a resident of 4 the Sourlands country took the baby. 3 killed him and then by prearrangement !turned over the sleeping garment to : gangsters for a sum. Negotiators Believed Sincere. estioning of Dr. Condon and of '.102;'1!!l Hughes Curtis, the Norfolk, Va., . intermediary, satisfied State police that * the negotiations of both men in an ef- fort to effect the baby's return were undertaken in good faith. For the first time the circumstances under which their separate negotiations were conducted were made known. Each felt that he actually had estab- lished contact with the kidnapers or their bona fide representatives. Col.; Lindbergh himself was convinced; for| he had given Dr. Condon $50,000 which was paid to the kidnapers and he had made out a check for a similar sum to Curtis, to be paid if the baby were re- l\l%fg‘ the tragic revelation that the men with whom they dealt could not deliver back the stolen baby “alive and well,” as they promised, the negotiators have spread their information before the authorities in the hope at least of bringing to justice the men who sought thus to traffic on the emotions of parents. Curtis on Another Mission. Curtis, accompanied by two detectives, was off today on another mysterious # journey, this time in quest of the men % with whom he had been negotiating. * Where they went was not revealed. It < was only a few days ago that the “kid- napers” informed Curtis that they were & ready to put the baby “in Col. Lind- 4 bergn’s arms” on payment of ransom money, and they urged haste, declaring the baby was “pretty bad off from sea- sickness. A theory of accidental death entered i PRIV AN it had no general credence. It was that the kidnaper, attempting to descend irom the second-floor nursery by lad- der, may have lost his grip on the baby, dropping the child to the stones below. The spot where the body was found Thursday afternoon by the colored ickman, William Allen, was barred from curious eyes last night by walls! cement blocks. Investigators have hed the burial locale several times thoroughly, but the wall was built to e the spot for future examina- on as developments may make neces- gaSE | 3 i $ | : 4 4 Coast Guard Joins Hunt. Coast Guard craft joined today in the search for the group of men with whom Curtis conducted ransom nego- » tiations. The Norfolk shipbuilder ex- spressed the belief the men would at- tempt to flee from the country, fol- ‘lo]wtlng the collapse of their extortion £plot. £ "I am sure they were the actual kid- 3 napers,” Curtis said. “They knew too} 3much, they had too many definite bits Zof evidence to be of any other than $the murderers themselves.” » There was some reason to belleve, 7 authorities intimated, that the men 4 with whom Curtis negotiated were pre- Z“pared to go as far as to have a substi- Ztute baby ready to give Col. Lindbergh 4if he persisted in his refusal not to %Tgive them ransom money until the « chlld was in his own arms. CERTAIN OF KIDNAPERS. i o be % o iDr. Condon Says Men Who Get Ran- som Were Abductors, By the Associated Press. © NEW YORK, May 14—Dr. John F. :#®ondon, “Jafsie” in the Lindbergh kid- snpm case, said last night he felt cer- ‘fain the $50.000 he paid to a man in 2 {cemetery near his home the night of (#April 2 went to the actual abductors. He was asked if he knew the name for identity of the man who received | i the money and replied he could not| Tanswer on the ground a relpy might | f obstryct the man-hunt. I _In Teply to another question he said 3 he planned to return to New Jersey for * further co-operation with officials seek- | 3 ing to track down the kidnaper-killers. | t Dr. Condon, retired school principal, % spent the night on the Lindbergh estate { explaining, at the request of New Jersey officials, all the details of his negotia. tions leading up to the ransom pay- ment. ® He returned to his home in the Bronx section of New York City under escort of three New Jersey State troopers. He left immediately to deliver a post- poned lecture in New Rochelle. While he was gone from his home the 4 three troopers questioned Al Reich, £ former prize fighter, who has been act- y ing as Dr. Condon's bodyguard since ¥ the negotiaticns began. When the aged educator returned from his lecture early in the evening he agreed to answer through his son-in- ! Jaw, Ralph Hacker of Fort Lee, N. J., ; any questions i Six were submitted. ! plies to only two. He declined to say whether he had 1 talked with Col. Lindbergh since the { body was found, whether he had fur- % nished authorities with any definite 3 leads, or whether he thought the kid- % napers residents of the Bronx, :25 . S. VESSELS HUNT ‘KIDNAP’ BOAT * Lindbergh Supposed to Have Made Contact With Mysterious Craft Wednesday. He sent out re- By the Assoclated Press. NEW YORK, May 14.—A mysterious . vessel believed to carry persons who may be the Lindbergh kidnapers, was . sought today somewhere between Bos- 4 ton and Cape May in one of the most intensive ocean hunts ever organized. For more than 24 hours 25 Coast % Guard craft have been darting to and the Atlantic watching for the with vhlcla Col. Chll'lelh‘A. bergh is _understood to ve made gontact Wednesday. @) | for Telief from worry. | deavoring to go toward “economy.” THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, MAY 14, 1932 LIBRARY SERVICE IS CUT DESPITE LARGER DEMAND Threatened Curtailment, Proposed by Finding of Spade at Murder| House, Postpones Georgetown Branch and Deals Blow to Personnel. This is the seventh of a series of articles on the District of Columbia | appropriation bill for 1933 as passed by the House. ARTICLE 7. IX PER CENT of Washington's population will be deprived of the library service it had expected at | a time when people, weary of de- pression hopeful for a new future, are turning to their libraries in quest of educational advancement and relaxation, if the Senate approve the Hol elimination from the Public Li- brary fund in the 1933 budget of the $75.000 with which construction of the | proposed Georgetown Branch Library is to be started. The old reservoir at Wisconsin ave- nue and Reservoir street already has been razed and excavations made for| erection of the library building on that site, and unless work is carried on this year it is probable it will have to be| done over, as no retaining walls exist | ! to hold back the earthen walls of the pit Libraries throughout the country are | serving more people these days than at | any time in their history. Librarians and educators explain the increased de- mands made upon them by the contention | that persons out of work or harried by | financial stress during the current eco- | nomic difficulties are turning to books | Efforts Pushed. Many of them are following a deliber- | ate program of self-advancement so that they may be in better positions to cope with the difficulties that have pro- duced their ills. Washington, Dr. George F. Bowerman, librarian, says, is promi- nent in this trend, and that is why he and the library board of trustees are exerting every effort to establish Lhe‘ Georgetown branch. The Public Library, Dr. Bowerman explains, is now serving approximately 32 per cent of the District population. The proposed Georgetown branch would | raise that percentage to 38 per cent. | The additional 6 per cent of the popu- | lation thus to be served would come from the 36,000 persons resident of Georgetown, Burleith and Foxhall Vil- lage. This section embraces, besides the residences, Georgetown University, | Western High Schevl, Gordon Junior | High School, Fillmore and Jackson (ele- | mentary) Schools and 15 other schools | vq:mn walking distance of the branch site. | The use which would be made of the | Georgetown library is indicated by the | results of opening other branches in the District. . Eighty-six r cent of the | patrons of the recently opened North- east Branch, at Seventh street and | Maryland avenue, are “new borrowers,” | or persons who had not previously used | the Central Public Library or any of its | branches. | The remaining 14 per cent of the | users are persons who transferred their patronage from some other library. An- other fact reported by Dr. Bowerman | in conneetion with the Notheast Branch | is that the Southeast Branch, at Sevent! street and South Carolina avenue south- east, recorded a gain in patronage dur- ing the same period that the Northeast Branch was building its patron list. Public Library statistics show further that the library circulation in 1931 in- creased 16 per cent over 1930 and that | so far this year the circulation has | increased 16 per cent over 1931. | Aid Pledged by Nye. In the face of this gverwhelming evidence of the use which citizens of MWashington are making of their ex- isting library facilities, Dr. Bowerman and his associates are convinced that Georgetown, the oldest section of the city, should have the branch which it was scheduled to have under appro- priations to be made this year. Sena- tor Gerald Nye of North Dakota, who a mass meeting held by the Georgetown Library Association re- cently, agreed with the Georgetown residents and the public librarian in| their contention and promised that| aiding them in their efforts before the Senate to have the item reinserted would be his “distinct pleasure.” In his address to the citizens of Georgetown, Senator Nye assafled the | extremes to which gress charged that in its efforts to ec Congress had been swept into ing hysteria.” “There is plenty of room for econ- omy,” the Senator declared, but added “that cutting should not take place where it relates to the education of children or the betterment of mankind in general. Our schools must not suffer and programs like this library building of yours, which contributes to the well being of man, must not suffer.” The $75,000 which the House has stricken from the budget is the first of two identical sums which would com- plete the structure. Work would be begun and a contract for a $150,000 building under the sum which it is horzd the Senate will restore in the 1953 budget. The completing appro- priation would be made next year. At present the site for the George- town Branch is little more than “a hole in the ground.” The old reservoir which crowned the hill at Wisconsin | avenue and Reservoir street is gone and | the hill is leveled and partly excavated. Danger Pointed Out. Unless construction is begun at once, the excavation probably will partially 1ill, leaving menacing pools of standing water for the breeding of mosquitoes and eventually necessitating the re-ex- cavation of the site. The work has been done out of the initial appropria- tion of $30,000 for this purpose. Blow to Personnel. Nor is its construction program the only cause of the Public Librarian’s | concern in the face of the appropria- | tion bill as it now stands. The blanket legislative provision which prohibits the filling of vacancies threatens the func- tion of the library in much the same critical manner as it does the public schools since the library, like the school, deals directly with people and not merely with so much clerical work. The proposed inability to fill vacant posi- tions, in fact, would be even more crit- ical, if that be possible, than in the schools by virtue of the higher rate of turnover in the library personnel. Last year, about 25 per cent of the Public Library’s staff left the service. Much of this is due, the librarian ex- plains, to the fact that young women comprise the bulk of the personnel and many of them marry during the year. If anything like 25 per cent of the li- brary staff were to leave their positions in 1932, the library would be confronted with the necessity of closing branches, depending urdn the distribution of the separations from service. While the library’s circulation in- creased 16 per cent for two consecutive years, the personnel has been increased only 2 per cent. This illustrates, Dr. Bowerman has said, how closely staffed the main library and its branches are. Hence, the resignation of even two or three library employes might easily force the closing of the affected branch; the personnel elsewhere is so limited that no replacements could be shifted to the vacated branch. Vacancies Would Remain. Likewise, in the janitorial staff, not only are many of the branches provided with only a single janitor, but some have only “half” janitor, because one man may serve two buildings. With that kind of “economical” staffing, the resignation or retirement of a man would, in all probability, deprive one or more buildings of heat and neces- sery cleaning. ‘The libraries would be affected also through the inability of its authorities to re-engage members of its staff now away at library schools on leave of ab- sence. Members of the professional staff frequently seek higher training through professional pride for such in- crease in eligibility does not mean for them immediate promotion to higher salary scales as it does jn the cases of teachers in the public schools. The public library staff has attained a meri- toriously high professional standard, and the maintenance of this standard, and with it improved service to Wash- ington's readers, is threatened by the pending legislation. The alternative to closing branches in the face of resignations and retire- ments and the thwarting of ambition for higher training would be, under the provisions of the pending legislation, the securing of written authority from the President of the United States to fill individual vacancies as they occur. But in the opinion of many District . | officials, to appeal to the White House | for an Executive order to hire a jani- tor would be “unspeakable.” NORFOLK INVESTIGATORS GATHER “LOOSE ENDS” FOR JERSEY POLICE (Continued From First Page.) with the boat of the supposed kid- | napers off the Virginia Coast failed. He was aboard the yacht Marcon dur- ing the eight futile cruises. CURTIS' QUEST DESCRIBED. Demand for $200,000 More Said to Have Been Given Lindbergh. NEW YORK, May 14—The New York | Daily News says John Hughes Curtis, Norfolk intermediary in the Lindbergh | kidnaping case, furnished New Jersey | State police with the names and de- scriptions of the supposed abductors, with whom he was dealing at the time the baby's body was found. “After listening to these stories of Curtis and Dr. John F. Condon, two principal intermediaries in the case,” the paper says, “authorities were con- vinced the men whom Curtis named comprised the desperate band that kid- | naped and slew the baby, obtained $50,. {000 in the Jafsie fraud and were at tempting to snare $200,000 more through | Curtis when the body was found.” The Daily News gave the following account of attempts made by Curtis and Col. Charles A, Lindbergh to consum- mate negotiations with the men they | believed to be holding the baby: | The gang, aboard a 116-foot fishing schooner of the Gloucester type with an auxiliary 275-horsepower motor, put out from Cape May, N. J., the night of April 21. Curtis was led to be- lieve the baby was put aboard that same night. Numerous “Proofs” Supplied. ‘The day before Curtis had visited this boat at sea off Cape May and knew there was no baby aboard at that time. Then followed a long and fruitless attempt by Curtis, later joined by Lindbergh himself, to locate the boat and make a definite deal. The gang had furnished Curtis with numerous “proofs” that they were the actual kidnapers and had the baby. They gave to Curtis, for delivery to Lindbergh, a photograph of a child, purporting to be the flyer'’s namesake. They said the picture was taken by them after the kidnaping. They showed Curtis $1,500 in bills of small denominations which they said were part of the $50,000 ransom Dr. Condon paid to a man in a Bronx cemetery April 2 “That fifty grand was taken b’ a double crosser in our crowd and'we have taken good care of him," was their sinister explanation. They attempted to prove further they were the actual kidnapers by demon- strating their authorship of the ransom notes received by Lindbergh. Demanded $200,000. ‘They demanded the payment of $200,000. | “0. K. with us, the gang. Talk of placing a substantial part of the ransom demand in escrow in Curtis’ hands ended with Lindbergh turning a $50,000 check over to Curtis. This.sum, however, never fell into possession of the gang. Curtis and Lindbergh went out on the Atlantic twice last Sunday in an 85-foot auxiliary Kketch-rigged yacht, the Cachalot, hoping to weather the heavy seas better in that craft than in the power yacht Marcon they had been using. The gang with whom they were dealing gave a long list of alibis to explain their failure to go through with negotiations. Once they sent a message: “Be patient, we were so close to you last night we could hear your exhaust.” Another message read: “Do not lose hope. Hurry up. Baby is seriously ill from seasickness.” “Enemy” Ships Main Excuse. Another failure to keep a contact ap- pointment was explained by this word: “Couldn't make position during last three days, account burned out bear- ing.” But the main excuse was the pres- ence of “enemy” ships. They talked repeatedly of hijackers. ‘They claimed they had the baby aboard in charge of a shanghaled nurse They told Curtis the big part of his ame back word from | | | and skipper, who were pictured as be- |ing kept under the constant range of | the gang's guns. Curtis said he thought the gang ac- tually had taken a child aboard the yacht and planned to turn him over |as the Lindbergh baby on payment of the ransom demanded. Ship Seen With Insignia. He said the skipper, whose name he furnished to suthorities, had been in the hands of the gang for three weeks and that his hair actually had turned | white. White towels flying from the mast- head were designated as the means by which Curtis was to spot the gang's craft. Capt. Kenneth Whiting, Navy pilot, who aided Curtis from the air, claimed he once sighted a ship flying such in- signia, but heavy seas prevented Curtis from getting close to it by boat. | __The maneuvers of the gang to get the 1 $200,000, which they apparently thought | were nearing success, were halted by the | discovery of the child's body. —_— BAND CONCERT. By the United States Soldiers” Home | Band this evening at the bandstand at | 5:30 o'clock. John S. M. Zimmermann, | bandmaster; Anton Pointner, assistant. | March, “The George Washington Bi- | centennial” _Sousa | Overture, Entracte— “A Little Story”. “After Sunset” . Scenes from the opera “ Brazilian ta “Not one cent until the baby is in job was to get immunity for the nurse | HFSE REVEAL ONAPERS OTES ‘Details of Negotiations in Payment of Ransom Are Disclosed. | By the Associated Press NEW YORK, May 14 —The notes ex- chanzed between Dr. John F. Condon and the supposed kidnapers of the Lind- | bergh baby were published in the Bronx | Home News yesterday in a copyrighted article. It was in this newspaper that many of the “Jafsie” communications ad- dressed to the kidnapers appeared in the form of classified advertisements. ters to Dr. Condon, according to the copyrighted story, was three circles, two overlapping each other and a third in the overlapped space. in red. There were holes in the center of each circle. sponded to the signature on the ransom note, the newspaper said. Safety Pins Identified. After Dr. Condon had conferred first with his man—presenting two safety pins of peculiar design, which the man identified as safety pins used to pin the baby's blanket to the crib mat- tress—he received a note outlining a| program which, in part, said: “We will not allow ouer man to con- fer in a way like befor. Circumstances will note allow us to make transfare like you wish. It is impossibly for us. Why could we move the bab; danger to take another person to plase is entirely out of question. * * * “Now we will send you the sleeping suit from the baby besides it means 3d extra expenses because we have to pay another one. Pleace tell Mrs Lindberg note to worry the baby is well we only have to give him more food as the diet says. “You are willing to pay the 70000 note $50.000 without seeing the baby first or note. Let us know about that. We don’t want another way. Because | we don't like to give up. If you are willing to accept this deal put those in the paper. ““I accept money is ready. Told He Would Get Baby. The note said that within eight hours atter the money was paid Condon would be advised where to find the baby. paper with the added notaticn, “they won't let me deliver without getting the package * To this the writer answered that Condon knew the kidnapers' pro- gram, that the sleeping suit had been sent and that no further communica- tions would be made. It added: “The kidnaping case was prepared a year ago already so the police will have no lookin searching for us and the baby. The baby is well. Tell Mr. Lindbergh his search for the baby will do no good.” Then another advertisement issued, asking for a simple code. To this came the Teply: “There is no use to furnish you with a code. You know ouer program. There is no use to delay. If you don't give | us the money by 8th April we will add 130000d and Mr. Lindbergh will have to pay 100000d note 700008. We will keep the baby in ouer safe plase. * * * was worry about the baby. The child is fe." s"l‘here were additional negotiations, after which the money—$50,000, in- stead of $70,000—was paid. One letter was mailed from Station “E.” at Atlan- tic avenue, in Brooklyn, and another from Station “N,” at 203 West Sixty- ninth street, in New York. Each letter was addressed to “Mr. Dr. John Condon.” Letter Bears Symbol. Dr. Condon received on March 8 a letter bearing the strange symbol which later served as the signature for further napers. The letter asked Dr. Condon to obtgin authorization to act as inter- mediary and to pay over $70,000 as ransom, an increase of $20,000 over the sum asked in the original note left ar the Lindbergh home on the night of the kidnaping, according to the Bronx Home News story. tion. been convinced that he was in com- munication with the kidnapers. But Dr. Condon proceeded cautiously. He two large pins with which the baby's blanket had been fastened to the crib. He also learned from Col. Lindbergh about the child's favorite toys—a lion, an elephant and a double-humped camel. Col. Lindbergh said the baby was able to pronounce the names of these toys clearly. On the night of March 12 Dr. Condon met the messenger purporting to come from the kidnapers in Woodlawn Ceme- tery. He carried with him the three toys and the two safety pins. He showed the man the pins and asked him if he knew where they came from. “Sure I do" the messenger said. “They were used to pin the blanket to the crib.” Pleads to See Child. Dr. Condon pleaded to be taken to the child. He wanted to be sure of identifying the baby. The messenger refused. “Take me to the baby,” Dr. Condon begged. “You have an automobile. Take me there. You are armed. You could shoot me, or your friends could shoot me. I will go alone with y to any place. Let me see the child I will see that you get your money. ‘The messenger looked out on Jerome avenue as if trying to see some one in the darkness “Your friend is with you?" asked Dr. Condon. “Yes, 1 might have known. Why not call him? I will go with both of you. Two against one. The only thing I want is the baby.” “No,” the messenger is quoted as say- ing. I must not call my friend. He would kill me. And I must not bring you back with me.” He assured Dr. Condon, however, that he would send him the baby's overall sleeping garment. On March 16, according to the Bronx newspaper, Dr. Condon received the | o To be thrifty often work. The dollars put The symbol signaturized in the let-| The third was| These signatures corre- | and face | The advertisem=nt was placed in the | “Mr. Lindbergh does note have to| communications with the supposed kid- | Dr. Condon obtained such authoriza- | Col. Lindbergh was said to have | obtained from Col. and Mrs. Lindbergh | MORSE RECEIVES HOOVER'S TRIBUTE | Centennial of Inventor’s Con- ception of Telegraph Is Celebrated. President Hoover added his praise to- day to the memory of Samuel F. B. | Morse upon the centennial celebration | OF the inventor's conception of the tele- graph, Touching a gold-studded, historic tele- graph key at the White House, the President” closed a circuit which de- livered his message over the most mod- | ern and fast-moving telegraph instru- ments to the room in the Capitol from which Morse's first telegram, “What hath God wrought?” wcs laboriously ticked out almost 100 years ago. The presidential message, recelved by a gathering of diplomats and notables, including the granddaughter of Morse, follows: “I am glad to open the world-wide centennial celebration of the invention of the Morse telegraphic code and of the electrical transmission of these sig- nals. - It is a source of pride to all Americans that the vast system of in- stantaneous communications by means of the electrical telegraph originated in the mind of an American, Samuel F. B. Morse, whose culture was an honor to his country and whose character was an inspiration to mankind.” Miss Morse Speaks. Miss Leila Livingstone Morse, grand- daughter of the inventor, delivered an address from the Capitol room describ- ing the sending of the first electric telegraph message. Marconi, perfector of the wireless, was to join in the celebration from | Italy. Walter E. Edge, American Am- | bassador to France, participated from Paris. | Simultaneously, newspaper organiza- tions keyed to the sending of swift news such as the Lindbergh “flash” from ocean to ocean, carried on their daily | round of dispatching millions of words “over wire systems made possible by Morze. Key Has Significant Role. Even the key pressed by Mr. Hoover has had a not significant part in_telegraph history. It is owned by | Edward W. Smithers, chief of com- munications at the White House, given him by President Taft. Taft used it to open the Alaska- ‘Yukon-Pacific Exposition in 1909. Pres- ident Wilson employed it to set off the blast which blew away Gamboa Dike, which brought the waters of the At- | lantic and Pacific together through the | Panama Canal. President Harding used it to open the Holus'd vehicular tun- ‘nel under the Hudson River, Coolidge | to light the now famous air beacons and Hoover to open the International tunnel between Detroit and Windsor, | Canada. | |SENATE APPROACHES | BALLOTING ON VITAL | INCOME TAX SCHEDULE _(Continued Prom First Page.) | growing tendency to extend this chain | business to every business activity"” could be broken down, “a real service” | would be done. Referring to those who have made money from investments and chain en- terprises, he sald “the people who se- cured these vast sums in the days of | | prosperity and now have sufficient so | that they have a large income, will not | be unjustly treated if we place the war | rates on income taxes upon them.” Dil! recalled that the President yes- terday said war methods must be used | to restore prosperity. The high income tax rates, he said, would not be social- | ism, communism or confiscation, but merely “far-sighted government.” Chairman Smoot's plea for non- | partisan consideration of the billion | | dollar measure was accepted today by Senator Harrison of Mississippi, ranking | Democrat of the Finance Committee. Opposes Rate Changing. “I think the compromise proposed by Secretary Mills and accepted by the | committee will stand,” said Harrison. “If we go to changing rates on the floor it is & job that leads inevitably to con- fusion and shambles. The bill is deli- cately framed to bring in the revenue necessary to balance the budget. If you cut out revenue in one place you have to raise it in another.” Harrison and Smoot were standing together also for speed. seeking limi- | tation of debate over the income tax | schedule, and beginning the day's ses- sion at 11 o'clock, an hour earlier than usual, suit and it was identified by Col. Lind- bergh as the baby's. Then the Kidnap- ers’ “program” was outlined in a let- ter and subsequently the $50.00 ran- som was paid over after several ather communications with the supposed ab- ductors. Mrs. Lindbergh, it was said, was one money. Col. Lindbergh gave Dr. Con- | don written authorization to pay $70,- 000. This was the sum Dr. Condon carried with him to the cemetery at the next meeting with the supposed kidnapers. | “You know,” Dr. Condon is quoted as | saying to the kidnapers' representative, | “the reason why there was delay is that | we had a hard time scraping up money. | Col. Lindbergh hasn't all the money | the newspapers say he has.” | “We will be satisfied with $50.000," the messenger is said to have blurted | out, neryously. “That's fine,” said Dr. Condon. “I'll get the money for your right away. Wait.” | He returned to the automobile in | which Col. Lindbergh was seated, told him of the developments, removed $20,- 000 from the package containing the ransom money and returned with $50,- 000, which he paid to the kidnaper, according to the copyrighted story pub- lished today. Wil Abraham Lincoln Said | “Money iz only valuable while in circulation” It is as true now as it was in his day. With- holding money from circulation makes for unemployment and all the evils which are bound to flow from it. that no one should practice thriit. and stinginess are not synonymous. This does not mean But thriit means to spend wisely. Dollars spent today buy more than they have been able to do in a long time. every dollar spent today means helping some one who walks the street in vain search of Furthermore, in circulation provide necessities for the spender and help relieve, the unemployment situation and bring about the prosperity we all sure of our own jobs. need if we are to be | of the first to urge payment of the| All Note—This article, written by an erpert on taration methods in the United States, is the fourth of a 3series designed to show why the sales tar should be adopted instead of in- discriminate revenue-raising meas- ures. N outstanding feature of the sales tax is its ability to produce & { tremendous amount of revenue. | Other advantages are the sta- bily of the tax, the fact that no of the tax, due to the monthly report system. No better argument in favor of the sales tax could be advanced than the fact that it is being used successfully in 26 foreign countries, including France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Aus- tralla, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Bra- zil, Equador, Mexico, Turkey and_even | Soviet Russia. All of the large Euro- | pean powers, except England, use this form of levy, ‘The use of the tax by these countries is, of course, the direct result of the war, and we doubt that any one will question our contention that the neces- sity for adopting it in the United States can be traced to the same cause. should be pointed out in this connec- 1921 a serious attempt was made to put a sales tax into our revenue system. In- stead, Congress continued the expedient of the excess profits tax, and tremen- dous sums- were realized from that source. Now, unfortunately, there are no excess profits. Large Sums in Shert Time. According to the National Industrial | Conference Board, whose book on sales taxes will appear shortly, the French tax was imposed at a time when that country “was facing a fiscal emergency of the first magnitude, which called for a tax that would yield large amounts of revenue at short intervals, beginning soon after the passage of the law.” The fact that the French tax accomplished what it was designed to do is an indi- cation, we think, that the same results would be obtained in the United States. No one will question the fact that a | sales tax produces a large amount of revenue. The original bill prepared by estimated to yield $595,000,000 annually, exclusive of the import taxes, and the levies on malt, wort and grape concen- trates Even after the additional ex- emptions were put in, it would have re- turned approximately $468,000,000. Large European Powers, Use This Form of Levy With Successful Results. complicated records are necessary, and | the immediate availability of a portion | It| tion, that between the years 1918 and | the Ways and Means Committee was | The Flooded Potomac A view of the Potomac at Chain Bridge this morning. The highest slnge‘ since 1829 was reached during the night and only a few inches saved the river from overflowing the bank of the old Chesapeake & Potomac Canal. —Star Staff Photo. Sales Tax Widely Used Except Fngland, ‘The weak spot in the income tax is its instability. During times of pros- perity, the yield from the tax holds up well. As a matter of fact, in 1924, Con- gress found it expedient to allow a re- bate of 25 per cent in the 1923 tax. On the other hand, in times of depression, the amount received from the tax drons tremendously. Then the viciousness of depending almost entirely upon the in- come tax becomes manifest. In order to meet expenses, the rates are pushed | up, particularly on large incomes. Still, he yield is not sufficient, for the sim- plz reason that the large incomes are no longer there, as in times of prosper- ity. so the rates are pushed up even higher. The result is that capital final- ly is driven to cover. And in this coun- try, at least, business cannot go on un- impeded without capital. The almost confiscatory rates of the estate tax adopted by the House and approved by the Senate are subject to the same criticism. Why Canada Uses It. “You cannot take ot out of the few and out of the East,” it has been said, “without also taking it out of the poor and out of the West and South.” A quotation from a statement pre- pared by a Canadian tax official makes it clear that the situation was well un- derstood in that country prior to the adoption of the sales tax. He said: “It might be asked why Canada de- cided to try out this form of sales tax when it had already in operation an income tax, and during the war years had had also a business-profits tax from which a considerable amount of rev- enue was derived. Of necessity the bus- iness-profits tax, which was imposed as a result of the necessities of war, would decrease and eventually entirely disap- pear. So far as the income tax is con- cerned, it is good in its way, but neces- sarily there is a point beyond which you cannot tax capital without running the risk of doing grave harm to the eco- nomic and commercial stability of the country. So the sales tax was consid- ered as a new form, having certain ad- vantages over the income tax. Pur- chases have to be made in good times and in bad; sales are constantly going on; buying power, even though at times is considerably diminished, is always present in certain degree; consequently in the sales made there is a basis of taxation Under the income tax you may have, we will say, a bad year fol- lowing a very good year, and you are therefore required to pay your tax at a time when business is not so good and when you would much prefer to use your capital in your business rather than pay it out by way of income tax.” HGHHONOR GOE * TOTOGRLSEQUTS 'Receive Golden Eaglet Awards at Annual Court of District Troops. Ten Washington girls received the golden eaglet awards, significant of the | highest Girl Scout honor, at the annual | court of awards of District troops, held |in Central High School this morning. The presentations were made by ‘-Mme. Paul May, wife of the Belgian Ambassador. Preceding this ceremony were the presentations of various other awards and badges of merit, and a colorful | procession of girls bearing the flags of I nations and the colors of the individual Scout troops. The United States flag was carried by Lois Kuhn of Troop 17, while Doris Johnston of Troop 51, bore the colors of the Washington Council Those to whom Mme. May presented the golden eaglet awards were Frances ‘Thompson, Mary Man Kirk, Betty Jef- fers, Mary Louise Miller, Margaret Mahin, Alice Crawford, Virginia Dyer, Dorothy Law, Ruth Magnusson and Anna Mahin. Recipients of the gold service stripes signifying a 10-year membership in the Souts were Mrs. J. Harris Franklin, Mrs. Adolphus Staton, Mrs. J. D. Wild- man, Mrs. Amos Fries and Mrs. Louls Dashiell. Awards of silver service stripes to those who have been in the organization for five years were made by Mrs. Henry Flather.” In addition, 35 girls received first-class badges. Mrs, B. F. Cheatham, recently elected Girl Scout commissioner, gave an ad- dress of welcome. The Elks' Junior Band furnished the music. MRS. IRENE C. ENNIS SUCCUMBS AT HOSPITAL Gas Official's Wife Resident Here Since Childhood and Native of Baltimore. Mrs. Irene Clocker Ennis, wife of Richard A. Ennis, col'llmue'x‘dj e%l the Washington Gas Light Co., yes- terday at Sibley Hospital. Puneral services will be held at 11 a.m. Monday at her late home, 1305 Hemlock street, followed by burial in Glenwood Ceme~ tery. Born in Baltimore in 1889, Mrs. Ennis came to Washington as a child with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Frank Clocker, and had lived here since. She was a member of the Order of the Eastern Star. Besides her husband, she is survived by her mother, . Laura er, and & daughter, Marjorie Ennis, DEMOCRATS HOPE FOR ARMY SLASH Retirement of 2,000 Officers | Upheld on Vote—Saving of $24,000,000 Sought. Democratic leaders expressed confl- | dence today, as debate was resumed on | the Army appropriation bill, that they would be able to keep in the measure savings which reduce the $386,000,000 supply bill $24,000,000 below budget esti- mates. This confidence was strengthened by | their success late yesterday in retain- |ing the provision which would save | about $4,000,000 by forcing the retire- ment of 2,000 officers. No record vote was taken, but after members swarmed up the aisle to be counted, the Repub- licans, who led the fight against reduc- |ing the number of officers from 12,000 | to 10,000, were told they had lost, 141 | to 135. Barbour Fights Cut. Representative Barbour, Republican, | most of the Republicans followed, al- Their clalm was that the enforced retirement of 2,000 officers would im- pair the national defense program. They cited the opposition of Sercretary l{l-laley and Gen. MacArthur, chief of staff. Directing the successful effort to keep the provision in, Representative Collins of Mississippi, chairman of the Appro- priations Subcommittee, replied that the slash was actually an aid to Army efficiency. Cites Hoover Views. Among the Republicans who sided with them, Representative Wood of In- ciana, who visited the White House earlier in the day, said President Hoover “authorized me to say to this House that he expected and hoped and desired that this bill, when it leaves t‘h“kot?uu. will carry the reducuun';( ,000,000 that s proposed by the committee.” Representative Beedy, Republican, of Maine, later sald that while the Presi- dent favored a reduction in the meas- ure, he thought that the War Depart- ment should say where cuts should-be made, so that efficiency of the service would not be impaired. German Flyers at Buffalo. BUFFALO, N. Y., May 14 (#)—Mr. and Mrs. Ula Richter, German flyers, arrived here yesterday from Newark. N. J. on the second of their . e Richters off for Detroit this of California, led the attempt to keap | the Army officers strength intact ana| | though a sprinkling of Democrats were | his with him IREICHERS RESCUED; FRIED HERD AGAIN Ocean Flyer Picked Up on Raging Sea 180 Miles From Dublin. By the Associated Press NEW YORK, May 14.—Capt. George ! Pried of the United States liner Presi- dent Roosevelt, veteran of two of the | most thrilling rescues of the sea in the {l1ast half dozen years, has achieved an- other laurel. The veteran skipper and his equally | famous chief officer, Harry Manning, | launched a lifeboat about 50 miles off the southernmost point of Ireland last | night and picked up Lou Reichers, | transatlantic fiyer, out of a raging sea. Reichers was approximately 180 miles | from Dublin, the second stop of his at- | tempted flight to Paris, when diszster | befell him. Reichers was suffering from a broken nose and several minor injuries incur- red in his landing amid the high waves, He had several cuts on his face. He was brought to the ship by the boat’s crew and placed in the care of ship’s Surgeon Mulligan. The fuselage of the plane was dam- aged and one wing cracked up. Reichers was forced down, he said, by the damage to the plane and by lack jof gasoline. Startine from Newark. N. J., he landed at Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, early yesterdsy morning He took off again at 5:50 am, yes- terday, hoping to reach Dublin by 8 pm. Eastern standard time, then pro- ceed to Paris. He sought to cut in half the time of Col. Charles A. Lindbergh, made in his flight in 1927. First Great Rescue in 1926. Capt. Pried’s first great rescue was the crew of the British freighter An- | tince in midatlantic on January 27, 1926. It is one of the epics of Atlantic storms. When he came alongsic: the storm was unabated and the Antinoe was listing badly. She was unable even to show a light. He called for a volunteer crew to man a lifeboat. They brought 12 men back to the Roosevelt, During the night of the second day the fury of the storm died down some- what and although the gale still blew and the sea was pounding the dis- tressed freighter, First Officer Hiller,* in charge of the volunteer rescue crew decided to take a chance. ‘They reached the Antinoc again and brought the remaining 12 of the starving crew to the Roosevelt. Capt. Priei and his crew were awarded medals by King George and President Coolidge gave the Navy Cross to the captain. On January 24, 1929, Capt. Fried, then in command of the liner America, rescued the entire crew of the Italian | steamer Florida just before it sank. Parade Held on Broadway. The resuce was carried out in a heavy gale and snow squall by a life- boat crew in charge of Chief Officer Manning, who rescued Reichers yes- terday. A crowd of 10,000 cheered the cap- tain and the crew of the America when she landed with the rescued men at Hoboken two days later. A big parade was held on Broadway, in New York. Capt. Fried was heaped with honors at Washington and praised by President Coolidge. Premier Mussolini and the Italian government sent their thanks to the United States and later awarded medals to the captain and eight members of the crew. In November, 1930, Capt. Pried brought his ship alongside the Swedish cargo stcamer Ovidia, sinking off the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, but the Mauretania, which arrived shortly be- fore the America, took off the 27 men and 1 woman from the ship. Capt. led was born in Worcester, Mass., 55 years ago. He served in the Spanish-American War and in the Navy from 1900 to 1918. LINDBERGH BABY CREMATED AND ASHES ARE SIMPLY BURIED (Continued Prom Pirst Page.) | —Lone Eagle and king of the skyways; a slim, worn bundle of nerves who could conquer the black Atlantic night in a frail airplane, who dared the airlanes from America to Japan, but who found himself helpless when mad murder came to his Sourland home. Silently they watched, these threc colonels, as the casket containing the wasted form of the child was lowered to cremation. For a moment they gazed through the place provided for official witnesses. Hurry Away. They did not wait to take the ashes of the murdered child with them. The three men entered a closed car and drove away. A few hours earlier Col. Lindbergh had tasted the very dregs of lhlnemess when he looked upon the {body and added his verification of & { previous identification. It was as hor- rible an experience as could come to | any parent. ‘This must have been Charles Lind- bergh's moment of anguish. As he en- tered the room where the body lay, just as it had been found late the afterncon before, buried hastily under leaves and brush not 5 miles from the Lindbergh | home, the colonel was asked: “Col. Lindbergh, do you positively identify this baby?" The aviator stood tense. Only the head—the head which had been struck a terrific blow that caused death—was to be seen. A sheet covered the rest. Orders Body Covering Removed. As though steeling himself, Lindbergh id “Take that off." The covering was removed. He stood thus, and the room was empty save for im. | __Half an hour and the ordeal was over. | The body was taken from Trenton to Linden for cremation. Police authori- ties remonstrated mildly. They felt that further examination might provide some clues to the killer. Col. Lindbergh, however, was in- \ sistent that cremation be not delayed. His wishes were respected, as they have been throughout, since March 1, | when the child was kidnaped from his crib in the Sourland home. Mrs. Lindbergh in Bed. The illness of Mrs. Lindbergh fol- lowed the recital to her—at her own insistence—of details concerning the condition of the body of her baby when found. These details had been kept from her. Two months of ex- posure to Spring rains under its scant covering of leaves had been cruel to the little body. It was not a pleasant - story to tell. The telling, physicians sald, was too much for her to stand in_her condition. action of the physiclan in ordering Mrs Lindl to bed was sald not to imply that her condition was in any sense serious. It was, rather. of a precautionary measure. Neither Mrs. Lindbergh nor her husband has had much rest in the days of the search for the child. . G. 0. P. Chief Re-elected. PHILADELPHIA, May 14 (#).—Brig. Gen. Edward Martin of Washington, Pa., State treasurer of Pennsylvania, " as re-clected today as chairman of th2 Republican State Committee.