Evening Star Newspaper, October 26, 1931, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor The Evening Star per Company Tt Fon, II‘ 3 T vania A:n. % g L Rate by Carrier Within the City. m ¥ ,“Jlentnonlh 'Q'H‘l,afl," ©.60c per month s ar 7s) +...88¢ per month 5 Blar Scpersopy tion lx’ at the end of each mont ™ e Gent in by mail of telephone Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. A R All Other States and Canada. y and Sunday...] yr.$12.00: 1 mo. 8L, Rl b i 15 mo., mo.. Member of the Associated Press. aied Sl et —— i Disarmament. President Hoover's eloquent appeal for world peace and reduction of arma- ments, made yesterday in a radio ad- dress to the Methodists of all nations gathered in Atlanta, called attention to the patent fact that “we stil make progress against them (the crushing burdens caused by wars) at a snall's pace.” Almost at the very hour in which the President was making his appeal for disarmament 8 joint statement on be- half of the President of the United States and the French prime minister ‘was issued at the White House, in which both pledged themselves to do all in their power to make the Geneva confer- ence on limitation and reduction of arm- aments next February a success. But the difficulties which the conference at QGeneva will face are regarded as almost insurmountable. There must be a re- vision of world affairs before there can be an agreement for real arms cuts that will reduce the burdens of taxation and lessen the chance of war. Tt is idle, almost, to talk of arms re- ductions to France and to the nations of Central Europe when Russia, for example, stands at thelr doors with an army estimated at 600,000 men. It is obvious that no agreement can be made which does not take into consideration this Russian army and the clear impli- eation of the Soviet government's de- mand for an overthrow of all capitalistic forms of government and reversion to the Soviet type of rule. And yet the ‘battle for peace and for arms reductions must continue unless the world is pre- pared some day to abandon itself again an orgy of war, out of which will more and more misery. the United States, separated from by 3,000 miles of water and ia by an even greater ocean, ities which confront the na- of Europe and Asia are some- It to understand. There is tience with the Old World in ‘World of ours which is not the impatience of youth with ‘euth looks to progress and age upon the experiences of the unable to forget the lessons adversity hgs stamped upon its Europe and Asia must set- ir own troubles, the American holds, But these are troubles which are a heritage of & thousand years and more of strife and conquest. It is not t merely to be impatient with slow progress of Europe toward a& mind imbued only with ldeas of ‘There are concrete problems ust be solved. nited States by its advocacy and the example it has set world has done much to advance use TRIE AR age. looks past i iggg § E i L Ee E of disarmament and world It must continue to do more. Where its good offices can be used they ahould be used. President Hoover's ap- peal to the Methodists throughout the world %o work for peace and arms lim- itation is timely. The constant iteration * and reiteration of the love of peace; the development, of a peace-mindedness throughout the nations of the world will in the end be effective. There are two kinds of peace. One is maintained through force and fear. The other is peace born of willingness to be peace- ful. Only the latter can be permanent. ‘The United States in its efforts to bring about permanent peace and disarmanent cannot afford to ignore the Russian sit- uation and the huge army maintained today in that country. Nor can it " afford to ignore certain irritating ar- rangements of territory within the boundaries of Europe. e One of the few men who always ap- pear to get immense enjoyment out of any kind of questionnaire that happens along is Willlam E. Borah. - Taken for a Rid, To Federal Judge Wilkerson “Scar- face Al" Capone was a “defendant be- fore this court” and during the trial he admonished counsel to refer to him 85 such. To millions of Americans Al Capone was the symbol of ruthless gangdom exacting tribute in blood and gold from an autonomous kingdom of crime and| vice and, more than a symbol, the power | behind & shadowy throne that defled | all law and order and made a mockery ©of justice and right Federal Judge Wilkerson may, in theory, merely have passed sentence on 8 defendant. As a matter of fact he has toppled a throne and demonstrated that a lot of its glitter was mere tinsel and gilt. He has reduced a monarch to the rather ridiculous plight of a fat man who gets mad and shows his anger by trying to throw buckets at insistent newspaper photographers. And that is @ good thing. Judge Wilkerson has deereed that Al Capone shall be taken for s ride— @ long ride across plains of Illinois and Kansas to the Federal hoosegow at Leavenworth. But Americans who, for a §ood many years, have been cynically’ predicting that Al § cal I jclusively in the House and Senate. the millions of | THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., MONDAY, Pederal Government has done more|four and one-half years to construet, in this one case to restore s faltering| faith in the ultimate triumph of jus- tice, the preservation 6f law and the forms of & generation past. And the end, as Mr. Capone must agree, is not yet. If that gentleman thought any- thing when he heard Judge Wilkerson pass sentence, his thoughts must have taken form in s mental observation that ran something like this—“Eleven years! And that reminds me, I've still got to stand trial for violating the prohibition law over 5,000 times!” The Hoover-Laval Entente. On the eve of leaving France Premier Laval emphasized that he was nat go- ing to the United States with any plan for reformation of the universe. 'He meant to indicate that, while be hoped, through his conversations with President Hoover, to improve matters in the world, there was no expectation on either side that the millennium would be achieved. Now that the distinguished chief of the Prench government has left Wash- ington and it is possible to appraise the results of his visit, it is evident that about all M. Laval seriously had in accomplished Miracles, indeed, would have been wrought if anything more had been brought about. France, for ‘example, would have liked » security past with the United States or, failing that, a so-called consultative pact, which, in her estimation, would have amounted to a security guarantee. M. Laval obtained neither in Wash- Both he and President Hoover were as one in recognizing that the political and economie instabllity of Central and Eastern Europe is a factor prejudicial alike to peace and International wel- fare. But it became speedily evident in the course of the Washington conversa- tions that the particular European sit- uations involved are no direct concern of the United States unless attempts were made to remedy them by war. Thenceforward the Hoover-Laval dis- cusslons were confined to questions which are debatable from the American standpoint, and progress ensued. The point at which progress became possible was the mutual acceptance by the President and the premier of the fact that economic regeneration, be- cause of world-wide depression, is the object on which statesmanship must concentrate. It was agreed, in par- ticular, that Germany requires further financial relief—that her continuing plight is the thing that demands im- mediate attention. France, as is well known, strenuous- Iy objected to the fashion in which the current moratorium was formulated. She claims it was “sprung” on her. Un- questionably M. Laval unburdened him- self freely on this score in Washington. The result of his protestations can be seen in the proposal that any further action in reparations should be on Eu- ropean initiative and strictly within the framework of the Young Plan. This means that if Germany wants more time to pay, she must herself come forward, as the Young Plan gives her the right to do, and seek extended credit on the ground that her capac- ity to pay gives her no other choice. Then, the Plan provides, an expert commission of the Bank for Interna- tional Settlements will examine the Reich’s condition and make correspond- ing recommendations to Germany's ereditors. ‘The United States has no direct in- terest in reparations, but the Hoover- Laval agreement is based on the readi- ness of the United States Government to remit European war debts in full proportion to any reparation remissions secured by Germany. M. Laval leaves Washington with no illusions on this important score. The Hoover adminis- | tration can only recommend that Con- §reas make war debt concessions. Power actually to grant them is vested ex- Public opinion is widely divided on the advisability of bestowing further favors upon our European debtors. It can safely be foreshadowed that another Versallles treaty fight will loom on Capitol Hill if and when the time comes for congressional decision on war debts. The American people, as President Hoover has volced on more than one ©oceasion, would be more inclined to con- sider expanding their generosity to Eu- rope if Europe revealed greater en- thusiasm for disarmament. Little, if | Any, progress was made during M. Laval's visit in that realm. France ventllated her familiar theory, “Without security, no disarmament.” The result ‘was inevitable stalemate. By and large, the Laval visit was vastly to the good of both America and France. It has established a community of spirit and clarity of understanding which did not exist before. It has made sure that in the contacts the two gov- ernments are bound to have in the im- mediate future on vital international issues they will approach each other with increased confidence and broader tolerance of their respective viewpoints. The world's two greatest gold powers mutually recognize their responsibility for maintaining the gold standard as the most effective means of stabilizing international exchanges. France cov- enants not to make sudden withdrawals of gold from this country, and to desist from any drive against the sanctity of the American dollar. Viewed from any and every angle, Premier Laval's sojourn in Washington ‘was inestimably worth while. Utopla is not with us yet, bt this troubled earth us—as simple, as direct, as candld and as forthright & statesman as ever set foot on American shores. is better for Laval's having been among | The Washington Memorial Bridgs. Capone would never see the inside of & Federal jaill are not quite convinced that, they have been wrong. They know that there are ways and means of obtaining freedom during the long- drawn-out process of appeal. They are withholding thelr applause until the falls on Al Capone's exit behind New Jersey. Forty thousand pedestrians crossed the great structure and sixty- five thousand motor cars carried other thousands over the span two hundred and fifty feet above the Hudson. ‘The new bridge is truly an and its formal opening costing more than sixty million dollars and incorporating features never be- fore attempted in bridges of its type, it 1991 | Testoration of order than all the re-|is an achievement in engineering of which Americans can be proud. Designed for six lanes of motor-car trafic at thirty-five miles an hour, it created history in interstate commerce | ga! on its first day. Previously, the Hol- land Tunnel, with a peak load of fifty-eight thousand cars in a twenty- four-hour period, held the record, but the tube was definitely relegated to second place by the new structure. Strangely enough the tunnel carried more than fifty thousand cars yester- day, but this was probably due to the fact that many persons wished to go under the river one way and over it the other to complete the holiday spirit of the oceasion. The entire country joins in con- gratulations to New York and New Jersey for a notable accomplishment in easing the traffic burden in one of the most congested areas in the world, ———— The Blind Goddess. A printer on the New York Times the other day placed two sticks of type in a form, one above the other, and thereby wrought, if he did not write, a powerful commentary on the blind goddess of Justice. One of the sticks were headed—"Gets Ten Years for $167,000 Theft.” The other caption read, “Gets Ten Years for Ten-Cent Hold-up.” The first story described the sen- tence of an auditor “in connection with thefts of about $167,000 in the last ten years.” specific theft of $118 from an insur- ance company. He will serve five to ten years in Sing Sing. The other story bore a Durant, Okla,, date line and consisted of an Associated Press dispatch describing the sentencing to prison of one Jack Kelley, arrested in & hold-up, who pleaded his own case in couri. The judge fixed the penalty at one year for every cent that Kelley got in the hola-up—and Kelley got ten cents. It the New York auditor had been sentenced according to the concept of justice held by the Oklahoma judge, he would have to serve 11,800 years in jall, taking into consideration only the spe- cific charge to which he pleaded guilty. If the Oklahoma robber had been given New York justice, he would have been sentenced at the rate of one year for every $11.8) stolen, and as he atole only ten cents, he would have to serve only 3.09 days, or, if Mr. Kelley chose to be exact sbout it, three days,’ two hours and twelve minutes, The moral of the story is an unmoral philosophy, but one that must appeal to the unfortunate Kelley just the same. Mr. Kelley will get out of jail about a year ahead of Mr. Capone, Mr. Kelley got only ten cents. But Mr. Capone was never a piker. e — In subscribing to the Hoover plan for commercial credit - organization the banks of Washington, D. C., assert & leadership which becomes a matter of pride without challenging New York's prestige as the world money.center. ———————— ‘The best of everything pertaining to law 'and government should be natural- ly avallable to the Nation's Capital. ‘Washington, D. C., is, beyond & doubt, entitled to a more satisfactory jury e Debts have become 20 conapicuous as. sources of all degrees of perplexity that business men may undertake to secure an arrangement by which any future war shall be conducted strictly on a cash-and-carry basis. ———s One thing that will make Laval seem unique to motlon picture enthusiasts is the fact that he has been in America several days without showing the slight- est interest in Hollywood. ———- SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Conference. When feelings of unrest abound, Still growing more intense, It's best to call the folks around And hold a conference. It alds the harmony to pass ‘The cookies and the tea And just a dash of “apple sass” May help them to agree. Let's don silk hats that may displace ‘The steel chapeau of Mars, And hear the complimentary grace Of oratoric stars. A conference can never hurt. S0 let us give three cheers. Two hours of talking might avert A fight that lasts for years. Abundance. “Aren’t the questions now up for de- cision so numerous as to cause con- fusion?” “Not necessarily,” answered Senator Sorghum. “Such a state of affairs may be an advantage. If you are not getting on well in one line of argument, there are enough topics available to permit you to change the subject as often as you like. b Jud Tunkins says nobody is genu- inely self-atisfled. Even a child wants to dress up on Halloween and make believe he is somebody else. Racketeer Hope. Capone draws eleven years Of prison's rest complete, And many trembling racketeers Will find life growing sweet, While hoping some fine day to see When hate is not corrosive And beer a beverage will be And not a high explosive. Supervising Some of the Materials. “I am & self-made man," remarked “You admit full responsibility for any impression you make on soclety?” “I won't go as far as that. has always insisted on selecting my hats, neckties and hoslery.” “Too much eagerness in getting al- said Hi Ho, the sage of Chingtown, “may leave & vain man dangerously unaware of what is ‘The’ hunter hunted, day by day. No game would ever come his way. Said he, “All cheerfully I jog. At least T haven't lost my dog.” “You is intitled to yoh own opinions,” sald Uncle Eben, “But dat fact ain’ no tellin’ & traffic officer every- might happen te.be spon- thinkin' of him.” foh you He had pleaded guilty to the | the THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Clean-up days are at hand in the irden. ‘The best way to begin this annual task is to take up the gladiolus bulbs, and not to be confused because some neighbor tells you they “are not bulbs but_corms.” Truly, they are corms, but 99 per cent of the practical gladioll growers of the world prefer to call them bulbs. ‘When one digs up the bulbs, then. and lets them lie, with their withered stalks on, in the sun for a day or so, he takes the first step in the garden clean-up. For the stalks must be disposed of. ‘There 15 no telling what diseases may be lurking on old stalks, vegetable tops, in leaves, on chopped-off boughs, on the interesting and often picturesque garden debris. . . A Gladiolus leaves do not harbor any- where near as many inimical factors as stalks of some other things, but for that very reason may'as well be the first to go. They harbor the possibility of blights and fungi, and may be used as well as any other for wintering pur- poses by insects. Many insects pass the second stage in their lives on leaves, beneath which they burrow to pass the cold days of Winter. It will not do, u’e?m"‘thtotll““ “glad” tops lying around, on the theory that the gladiclus is subject to few pests. Insects are not ‘choosey.” as it were; anything which will protect them is good enough for their pur- poses of life and living. Life is what an insect pursues with all its self. It knows nothing except the striving to ;:" "Dl".‘ HD"I‘::dj“:: e Department of Agriculture published an interesting book upon the subject. Insects have had many books writ- ten about them, but they never read them. They go right ahead Mving the insect life, in which they need no written instructions, fectly from of old just what to do and how to do it. * ok %k Iris leaves should be cut near the ground, and disposed of, as the present crop do the roots no , and are ex- cellent for insect colonisations, owing to their broad, flat character. Wet and plastered down to the ground, iris leaves offer the finest “bug” homes in the whole garden. See to it that the hordes of e:?““?h ':;e not offered habitation Wi 3 o other vegetative ‘There are many owths which might be utilized by the ngects. Withered plants of zinnia, petunia, and %o on, through all the annuals, llarly become nice hiding out places. Some gardeners advocate that these old bushes be left standing in a garden, :g that snow will collect prettily upon em, It is true that snow will look very nice there. if one has no other places for it to collect. Perhaps in a brand- new garden, at the end of the first year, old bushes might be left standing with this profit. h.'l'ho (M"h [:;;l::, mever, ought & ve enoug evergreens take care of this esthetic end of things. Snow pictures are valuable, especially for the man or woman Wi has kept the young heart. It is not necessary to collect old withered bushes to huve such pictures, however, if one makes sure to plant lilacs and snowberries and altheas and barberries and privets and several of the outstanding evergreens. ‘These will take care of the snow fea- tures, and still not clutter up the gar- knowing per- | den with vegetable matter which has done its full duty in the world. * % % % Let the sunlight in. Even forests are better for the long slant rg: of sunshine which reach them early morning and late afternoon. The creepers and' the crawlers prefer darkness. Night is to them as the day. The underside of a rock is better than a hilltop. It seems as if Nature has made life to take advantage of every sort of condi- tion which she .made. ‘There is life for the earth, life for the air and life for the Those things which inhabit the earth go on legs, those that live in the air on and those that go through the waters on fins. The day has its creatures, the night its own. Dry and damp places teem with their sorts of life. In the home garden sunshine is the natural anti- septic which insures clean growth to the plants, almost invariably lovers of sunlight. ‘'Even plants which manage to do well in the shade do even better, with a very few exceptions, when planted in the sun, So much for the practical side of cleaning up the garden at this time of the year. The aesthetic side is even ot more importance. The tidy gardener is the best gardener, not only because he stands a much better chance of saving good plants, but because he helps the community and himself at the same time in the matter of visual appeal. There is no getting away from the use of the eye in .this world. The “looks" of things is of importance with an eye-minded race. Few human be- ings are so constituted as to Re able to appreciate beauty, in any of it forms, without sampling it in strictly ug:\‘lc;l l“géeuwvm can appreciate great music when he cannot hear it. There have not been many Beethovens. No doubt a master painter could under- stand a fine work of art, if it were described for him, but the rest of us will have to see it with our own eyes. Most human beings want to touch what they look at. Show a friend a new jewel and the chances are 10 to 1 that he will seize it in his fingers. Somehow the sense of sight is aided by the sense of touch. Even the man who knows this failing of the race will find this | himself drawn almost {irresistibly to- ward touching a book or other art treasure shown him. & The tidy, ship-shape garden is the garden first of all actually touched by the hands of the gardener. Not until he touches it, with prun- ing shears, with rake, with broom, with barrow, can he see its cleanliness with his _eyes. Nor can others. This tidiness he creates out of the confusion left by the plants. No one would say a word against the so-called “nhatural garden,” where things are left to themselves. That Nature's way, of course, and Nature the arbiter. But in the home garden man takes Nature gently by the hand and says, “Here, I am & part of Na- ture, too, and I have different ideas o | 88 to beauty in some respects. When I plant a garden I put design into it, as I am given to know design. And then you come along and try to blot. it out by growing all over the place. Well, I see plainly that I must do something about you!” And man, the householder, does. That is why he cleans up his garden in the Fall. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. ‘Talleyrand, or whoever it was, said a mouthful when he uttered the aphorism that language was invented #s,a_vehicle for concealing thought. He must have been referring to official communiques. Certainly the one just issued jointly in the name of President Hoover and Premier Laval on the re- sults of their conversations in Wash- ington is a model of what Talleyrand had in mind. It was no impulsive bit of vagueness—the newspaper men who camped out at the White House all day Sunday, ruining a perfectly day for golf, can testily to that. Hoover and exalted had an engagement supposedly for the purpose of over, more or less informally, the final draft of their bi-lateral statement. The correspondents expected to receive it by noon at the latest. It was long after 5 o'clock in the afternoon when they finally did get it. And then it turned out to be for the most part 500 words of glittering generalities and cautious circumlocution, If it hadn’t been for a graphic interpretation of the com- munl‘ue in a quarter which knew what it really meant, the American people might still be guessing what the Hoover-Laval talk amounted to. L 1t was the French who slowed things up in the preparation of the statement. They are very meticulous in the choice of words. Whole half-hours were con- sumed in the selection of a thal met with their approval. Time and again as at Verdun they ejaculated, “This shall not pass!” The ity of having to do business in two languages was, of course, another cause of delay. Under- secretary of the Treasury Ogden Mills was the scl in the situation, as far as the United States was con- cerned, It was he who had to bear the brunt of the Laval party's objection to this, that or some other wording. The number of men at Uncle Sam’s disposal on these international occasions, where the use of the French age is es- sential, is not very large. it of them are in the State Department. The abil- ity to parley-voo in the lingo of Paris, possessed by “Ted” Marriner, Plerre de Boal, Herbert Fels and one or two other of Secretary Stimson’s young men, stood the country in vital stead these past few days. Undersecretary of Stat> Castle, Federal Reserve Governor ne Meyer, jr.; Assistant Secretary of - merce Julius Klein and United States Tariff Chairman Fletcher are all fluent speakers of French and were drafted f service while Laval was in town. . T ok X ‘When Borah and Laval gof together for the first time at. efary Stim- son's dinner party—with American French-spe: the first.thing they talked about was the State of Idaho and the Province of Auvergne. Laval was anxious to know all about the big potato country which claims Borah as favorite son— just where it is, whether it contains many foreigners, what its main inter- ests are and all that sort of thing. m\nm and that its concerns are of agriculture and mining, Laval, with a gleam in his plercing brown eyes, Te] : “Well, we come the same country. The only difference is that the borders of Idaho are farther from the coast of America than the borders of Auvergne are from the coast of Prance!” * k% It you were to ask in high adminis- tration quarters what is considered, from Wi n’s standpoint, to be the outstanding result of M. Laval's visit, you'd probably be told this: “The inti- aintance established with the | | 1 | aking interpreter— | S! 1930. Uncle Sam will have a lot of business to transact with La Belle France in the near future. The Presi- dent and Secretary Stimson are con- vinced that the business can be ducted immeasurably more promisingly now that Pierre Laval has looked our power-wielders in the eyes and talked with them in heart-to-heart fashion. * ok k k Here's a British election story wafted to this observer from London by some- body who claims to have been an ear- witness. Our own Lady Astor encoun- tered Miss Megan Lioyd George, * little Welshman’s” daughter, herself a member of Parliament, at a campaign meeting. “And, dear Megan,” asked the vivacious Nancy, “how’s your father, after his recent ess?” Megan re- plied: “Oh, just @bout the same as he was before.” Whereupon Lady Astor rejomed: “Good heavens! I didn't know it was as bad as all that!” *x x & The whole country—because nearly everybody addicted to the radio has heard it play—rejoices that the Navy Band js not going to be economized dut of existence. Music in the American fleet is almost as old as American sea power itself. it the develop- ment of the United States Navy, band music aboard its ships has kept step with improvements in vessel and armament. As early as 1826, School- master George Jones, writing from the Conatitution, says: “We have a fine band containing about 20 musicians aboard Old Ironsides,” and then records the part the musiclans took in various social functions and naval ceremonies of the day. The Navy Band, as it exists today, is largely the creatlon of its lreld(l’.“]..leu'.. Charles Benter. It was formally recognized by Congress on March 4, 1925, when the rank of lieu- tenant, senior grade, was given its pres- ent conductor. * ok ok ok Mrs. Mary P. Tillman of Berkeley, Calif,, one of the few hvw wnme’;: Whose fathers served in the War of the American Revolution, has just been elected to membership in the D. A. R. as a “real daughter.” Her parent was Sergt. Pielding Reynolds of the South Carolina Calvary, who died in Louisiana in 1861. Mrs. Tillman, the widow of the late Col. Stephen Decatur Tillma: was in 1838, in Dallas County, Al In addition to being a “realedaughte of the Revolution, she is the widow, mother and T of & soldier, nngnl in service from the Revolution to the World War, and including every, war in which the U. 8. A. was ever' engaged. “Real Daughter” Tillman wijl have a place of honor in a book on the family now beln!hprvp-red Washington sclon of the house, Frederick Tillman. (Copyright, 1931) ——emoe—. Gandhi’s Dress Deplored. Prom the Toledo Blade. lzrnpubucw yurpu-u: ; price to pay. 3 ————— Finds Best Optimist. Our et apcimiet op! is the young economist who rejoices it ving in s time of dnre-h:% M.. '.h?:-n study it. o Mnl Come Hard. Prom the Duluth Herald. Collections are coming harder all time for the man who clings :n ‘fl!:: fallacy that the world owes him a living. ——o— Theh a Different Brand. Prom the Rochester Times-Union. Now is the season for making sauce, for which there will be :’;’fi: demand in the 13 months ahead. e—ee ay he does s frightful M_‘;‘ Hail, Hail, the Gang’s All Here! Prom the Mamilton (Ontario) Spectator. Denmark is m!.n latest standards ployed, “the | ed out to the Governor that Pennsyl- The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. The importance of the state of health of the House of Representatives from today until the Congress has met and the House has ized was empha- sized last week by situation brought about by the sudden death of Repre- sentative Hale of New Hampshire. The interval before the mceting of Congress, at present a matter of (;flr{' 43 days and growing briefer and fer, does not give time in which to bring about & special election to fill vacancies, The death of Mr. Hale makes a total of seven vacancies in the House member- ship today. It leaves the number of Republican members, 213; Democratic, 214, and Farmer-Labor, 1. Five of the vacancies are due to deaths of Re- publican members and two to the death of Democrats. The law af averages has | made it practically certain that a con- siderable group of House members would die between the date cf their election last November and the as- sembling of the Congress in first regular session next December 7. The Grim Reaper has been busy in the ranks of the Congress and more than a dozen members-elect of the House have died. In special elections, & number of the vacancies have already been filled. In no case where a special election has been held, however, hes the result changed the political line up of the House as elected last November, o New Jersey is making plans to fill the vacancy caused by the death & couple of weeks ago of Representative Ackerman. Ackerman is & Republican, and his district is strongly Republican. | T, Just what the New Hampshire Repub- licans can do to expedite the filling of the more recently created vacancy in the Hale District remains to be seen. It was feared at first that & special elec- tion could not be held until the first of the year. Should there be no more deaths among the House members, and should the Republicans fill all their vacancies other than that in New Hampshire, the score would stand when the House assembles 217 Republicans, 216 Democrats and 1 Farmer-Labor. If 1 the Republicans stick together an matters of organization they probably would elect a Speaker and take charge of the standing committees with such a line-up, for the Plrnrr-l.-bor member, Kvale of Minnesota,' might vote with them. . * ok ok % Gov. Gifford Pinchot of Pennsyl- vania, speaking before the Men's Club of the First Congregational Church, FI , Lorg Island, yesterday took another crack at President Hoover be- cause the President has not called a special.session of the Congress to put through legislation for the aid of the unemployed. Gov. Pinchot wrote & letter to the President some time ago urging that someth! be done by Congress, some Federal appropri- atioas be made and taxes increased if necessary, to feed the people who are out of work, Gov. Pinchot in his speech yesterday undertook to show that the Hoover plan of dealing with the unem- ployment situation is wrong, that the better way is to take more money out of the pockets of the very rich through Federal taxation and buy food with it for the men and women in_distress. President Hoover's whole effort has been to rouse the local communities and the individuals_to the need of taking care of the une ed this comin, Winter, and he has set up a national committee, headed by Walter Gifford, ident of the American Telephone & legraph Co. to aid in a national campaign for this purpose. The Presi- dent does not believe that the Federal Government should take over this work of feeding the unemployed and thereby establish a Federal dole, with a long list of unemployed on the role perhaps for the rest of their lives. * ok k¥ Some of the Progressive Republicans of the West have taken the same view of the unemployment situation as Gov. Progressives in the coming contest for the Republican nomiratian for President. If the ad- ministration falls down in its efforts to get the country to Ho its full duty this Winter toward aiding the unemployed is an issue ready-made for Gav. Pinchot. When he first called for a Federal appropriation to aid the unem. , from many sources it was point vania is one of the wealthiest States in the Union and ought to be able to take care of its own unemployed. In his address in New York yesterday Gov. Pinchot said: “There are, upon the best evidence I can find, seven million unemployed in the United States. Their situation during the coming Winter will be so |8mong the dangerous that the Presicent of the United States has been urged from many directions to call an extra ses- slon of the Congress to provide for the Nation’s proper shdre in relieving their necessities. i ng others, I saw t) modi‘ud I did my clear duty in ask- “No extra session the National a undertaken, in other and far less ef- fective ways, to secure relief. It is a whose enormous magnitude and critical importance gives us pause. “Yet there is more than one man in the United States whose personal wealth is so vast that, if it could be devoted to unempl nt relief, it would carry the whole national load. “Those who advocate only local re- lief are shouldering enormous responsi- | bility, for local relief alone cannot pos- sibly meet the need. “So far as it draws on_contributions from people of small means, local relief will help to prolong, not to end, the Gov. Pinchot feels 8o strongly about taking the money from e wealthy by taxation to the needs of the unemployed, why not put through legislation in the Pennsylvania Legis- lature incre: taxes to take care of the number of unem ed in that State? The States have the power to levy taxes for such a purpose as well as the Federal Government. While President Hoover and the French prime minister, M. Pierre Laval, tio; htfillenflh in ns af Dickinson of Iowa, Senator Harrison of crat, have been at it hammer and tongs out in Jowa over the tariff. Senator ‘Harrison Jambasted Senator Dickinson because he changed over to become a B of the tariff law passed the last Congress, and the Iowa Ser tor called Senator Harrison a hypm_-r‘x‘ with a lot of other Democratic H.‘.’fl!’m.., because he voted for high duties on goods produced in his own while, on the other hand, he de- the tariff bill. These joint debates have caused s lot of interest, the tariff is likely to become an in the next national despite the fact that the two old have come closer and close recent years on the tariff. *x x* Senator Harrison is Dixieland's “fatr- headed son,” although his own hair is quite dark. No man in life today from the South is_more widely known or more po] nl:; He ha;mm“; been mentiol as & Tt Roosevelt in next year if Roosevelt be the Demo- cratic nominee for President. \ For nearly 13 years Pat Harrison, as is Senate assoclates know, has been a hi stri figure in that venerable legis- hu%y. His State advanced him to the Senate from the Houu".d'hgre he in B0 obe ot - The s [the Atlanta Journal, “stole fire from OCTOBER 26, 1931. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. benefit of its | R, day with- All' they have e information de- prompt answers by mall. Questions must be/ clearly written and stated as briefly as possible. Inclose two-cent stamp for| return postage and address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederick J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. What is the average length of a game in chess tot to a move? What is the known for & move, and by whom?— G. F. Y, ¥ A. The average I of a game be- tween experts in na 1 or interna- tional tournaments is 45 moves. Timing clocks are em; and moves are made at the rate of 15 moves an hour. There is no record of the longest time for a move, except that on one occasion O, 8. Duras consumed an hour in making up his mind about one of the early moves in the opening. Q. Is there a material which s a mn-glnlmn of wire and glass? —W. A. Wire glass consists of iron or steel wire mesh completely embedded (except on cut edges) in glass. This material is ordinarily made in flat sheets, although it is sometimes corrugated. Q. What percentage of automobile drivers are women? Do they have as many automobile accidents as men?— 8. A. It has been estimated that 24.3 per cent of automobile drivers are women. In 1930 1,146,781 male drivers were involved in dents and only 81,036 females. Records indicate that 94 per cent of the cars in fatal acci- dents were driven by mem and women in the remaining 6 per cent. Men op- erated 93 per cent of the cars in non- fatal accidents and women 7 per cent. mo' many different Greek-letter {ra ities are there in the United States?—S. M. L. A. There are 117 fraternities and sororities listed in the statistical table of Baird's Manual of College Fra- ternities. Q. Did many people lose their lives in l’lx“ the Whisky Rebelllon in 1794?— . W A. No blood was shed. The insurgents dispersed when an armed force was sent against them. Q. If a house is to be given two coats of paint, how long a time should elapse between their -:rnc-umy—w. H. A. Two days good ing weather is sufficient. Tests show that the serv- ice life of paints is shortened by walt- ing too long between coats. Q. Has the gauge of w ‘wheels been chmfid materially :{mdwnunt times?—J. A. st:xpher:on, lAn::n}:.or of the m:: locomotive, is sa ave adopted meo:hum.nommcunu wagon wheels. Horse-drawn wheeled vehicles had been of mately that gauge since the Roman chariots. Q. What is the derivation of the word asbestos?—L. L. A. It was taken ‘from & Greek com- z‘uma word signifying inextinguishable, combustible. Q. How long is a cubit?—L. H. D. A. The length of the cubit has varied. roxi- of In Anchnhf , 20.61 inches; the a national or international | urnament? Is there a time limit | longest time | Roman cubit was 17.4 inches; the Greek, 18.25 inches; the Hebrew, 17.58 inches. Edison’s Career %W’h‘t“mfl““— A. It is French, and means as it should be or pi 3 y Q. How much gold has_ been pro- duced in the last & years?—A. A. Since the discovery of America the amount of gold produced in the entire world has amounted to 1,021,655,000 fine ounces, worth $21,120,298,000. . Q. Why is the word or number 30 \u;d 1!% s l{y the end?—";l.i H. . e press association, organ- ized in Civil War times, was largely of morning papers near the Eastern seal paper sent into the central office of local interest, which were edited and telegraphed to all members. It happened that the first sent to the association totaled 30 and this night and the signa were placed at the bottom of by the operator. At that work was the rule on all paj daily grist was usually rected, and in the forms by 10 but the compositors were compel wait around at their own expense the foreman announced that 30 was S0 30 became a by-word among ers, symbolizing the end. Q. Does a coliege grad longer than a laborer?—J. A. The Public Health Service it believes that the life span of & lege man is longer at - A. On a clear h et et Sl ST moun! o Rl I 13 12,606 fosk Righ s Q. In playi solf, if ball is on \l‘l:“[fw. but_farther l.hO: c\lvmt:un another ball which ne on en, which ll. —. first?>—H. R"; . A. The ho is farther | the ecup Dg;{flm;. even w"'.- be green. - other player may off the Q. When will the Army aviation field in Texas be rengh—r. R, A. Randolph Field is to be finished this year. It is popularly denominated “The West Point of the Air.” As dolph Field is developed all training will be concentrated there. Q. How many teachers attend sum- mer school?’—P, G, A. The National Education Associa- tion says 273,148 mer courses in 1931. their own money, - in preparation, . Wh do O.QA Thoto the robins Winterf— measure it is 18 inches, in |and Measured As One of World’s Greatesi appeared since his death, which rank him among the few whose leadership is recognized by all nations. The defi- nition of genius as “the capacity for hard work” is often 3uaed in praise of the man whose industry as well as versatility resulted in so many benefac- tions to humanity. “He will be remembered as a world wing times met the impossible and lald it knowledge accumulated in patience and endless ex- The Rock Island Argus ing come will unite in the prayerful hope that light perpetual may shine lustrously upon the soul of Thomas Alva Edison in that land whereof it is recorded {“:at ‘there shall be no nignt there; and they need no candle, neither the light of the sun.’” “The fabled Prometheus” comments heaven. The real Edison drew splendor from unseen pulsings of our and staked a higher epoch in its adventure. Whnun&- o:;zw:u:nmda At last, only esses to an eternal creativeness and links the human to the divine.” The Cincinnati Times- Star also holds that he “exemplified, as no other in’ history, that there is in men a divine faculty to make natu- ral forces heir 2 The Schenectady Gazette pays the tribute that “he has been the greatest inventor of all times, making mere im] nt gifts to humanity than any tvidual 8o far as history ‘hll‘n \;x Linking the present with the past, the Akron Beacon Journal offers the judg- ment: “King David's remembered eulogy at the grave of Abner, “Know ye not that there is a prince and & great man fallen this day in Israel?’ has its echo &“m heart of every American. A ly dfi our o)(ul'::m lenngn].w the Dass one greatest, Thomas A. Evidence of the universal Edison was trugg] life and the mastery which death at last held over a tareer which had done so much for human progress, comfort and welfare. And now the gallant fight is over, At last the hands that wrought such miraculous work are stilled, and the great heart and brain that gave them impulse rest in eternal sleep, but Wltih the immortal benediction of tasks well X “His life record is a& trenched in the as the coln,” avers the Hartford Times, while the Hamilton (Ontario) Spectator calls him “the greatest inventor of his time, if not of all time,” and the Miami Daily News states that “no sclentific or in- ventive achievement, however will eclipse tions ote Edison olas Copernicus, others who have contributions to “As long as man remains on this earth, he will, in all future times, be affected and benefited by the discov~ of Edison, ll{l‘:ll Chattanooga News, adding: “‘Lamp of Earth'— ‘more e world’s advance- Bdison the salutation against ahd defeated the then ' senior mmmnvhevflmm X e S g Do e s heaven to 1t upon mortals below: £ Emphasis is on ’s Jrng on Do - - work Gary Post-Tribune, the o and the Morgantown The Youngstown avera ever given such a dignity of work,” News states that *] created by his own tion of the sary to obtain !udmmeflgn equality have enriched has been . the world since recorded.” %g’muhr consciousness history of Washington and Lin-| that . marks Hd ) ] i f