Evening Star Newspaper, September 26, 1931, Page 5

FURNACE PLANNED TOTESTSINSHEAT Apparatus to Be Set Up for California Institute of Technology. . BY THOMAS R. HENRY. Plans for a solar furnace which will produce temperatures in the laboratory approaching those known to exist on the surface of the sun were described here today bg Dr., Russell W. Porter, mfl of the California Institute of | ogy. ~ e was in Washington consulting vlfl Bureau of Standards officials concerning this project, on which he is collaborating with Dr. John A. Ander- | eon of the Carnegle Institution of | ‘Washington. Sustained temperatures running in | the nejghborhood of - 10,000 degrees | (Fahrenheit) will be possible in _this furnace, Porter says. The heat will be obtained, directly from the sun itself. Radiation from the sun's surface will be received through 19 lenses, each two feet in diameter. Nineteen mirrors will reflect the beams from the 19 lenses through 7-inch lenses. Finally this merged sunlight will be concentrated on a spot about the size of a little fingernail inside a vacuum tube. No substance on earth could endure such @ terriffic heat without becoming a gas. Provides for Tests. Various substances can be intro- duced into this tube and there subjected to heat equivalent to that measured by sastronomers on the sun's surface. Thus it will be possible to study the various physical and chemical reactions to mat- ter as they probably take place on the sun itself. The great difficulty of de- termining physical conditions on uz: sun in the past has been that it h been impossible to duplicate in the lab- oratory the physical conditions of heat and pressure to which matter is sub- Jected on the surface of that star. ‘The device is planned entirely for the experimental work of the California Institute of Technology. It will repre- sent the closest aproach made to solution of the problem of making the sun’s enormous output of energy, the sole source of en on earth, directly available to man. It is the same energy | which now is obtained through. the com| of organic substances, such | as coal and oil, and through water r, where it is stored up for cen- les. An enormous amount of energy is Jost in the storing solar furnace, as planned Anderson, will be altogether too costly & device for any industrial application &t _present. former Arctic.explorer, who is also in t coofirnt he of the 200-inch reflector telescope, now under way for the Mount Wilson Ob- servatory, was in Washington today by James Stokley, asso- charge accompanied St ciate director in of astronomy of the Franklin Institute. ., THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTO : The Dole in England Jobless Can Work in Mills Three Days for Full Pay, Under Law, and Go on Dole for Three Days. Sixth of & series of articles. bused rst-hand. intimaf riish Ties. dexcribing. 5 A the current situation and selai and economic effect of e Dole {ibon ‘svers cass of bopulation. By HENRY J. ALLEN, Former United Btates Senator and Governor of Rans Priday at eleven o'clock I visited a | Labor Exchange at Huddersfield, forty miles out of Manchester. At this hour on Friday the cashier of every Labor Exchange in England opens his window and begins the weekly payoff. This town, full of textile mills, was hard hit by the depression. With & total popula- tion of 103,000, it has an insurable list of 52,000, and on the day I visited the | exchange paid out benefits to 13000, who were eligible to the dole. beneficlaries 7,750 were men; women, 315 boys and 336 girls, I stood by the pay windows a long while as the great line filed past. Among the men I noted that the ma- Jority drew about 1 pound 6 shillings, $6.50 in our money. It would be a dole for a man and his dependent wife. Frequently it would go up $1 and I knew there were two children in the family. Occasionally it went consid- erably higher. The boys between 16 Of these’ 4,778 | and 18 drew 7 shillings and 6 pence, slightly under $2. The spectacle took on real emphasis when I realized that all over the British Kingdom at this hour nearly 3,000,000 unemployed were walting in similar queues and that by nightfall they will have drawn some- thing like $15,000,000 as compensation for & week of ldleness. On the average, it amounted to bet- ter than half wage at normal times. To some who would not have been em- ployed at all it represented a premium on’ idleness. At this place I heard a great deal about an abuse of the dole, which, while possible under the law of 19830, up & new and sinister prob- mills take on men and most likely site where it will be set up is on the of Mount Palomar, a mountain about 100 miles south of Pasadena and 30 miles from the Pagcific. ‘The tel is being de- signed especially to explore the “island universes”—that is, vast lomera- tions of stars outside the ky Way galaxy, of which the earth is a part, and some of them as much as a million light years away. This is the distance at which light, traveling through at t‘{pm tely 186,000 miles a second, would traverse in a million years. ‘The new tel will collect four lescope | times as much light from these distant objects as any now in existence and women for three daya each. Under the new rules unemployed persons do not lose their eligibility -by working | three days a week, so they work at the | mills three days for full pay, then go upon the dole for three days. If they worked four days in any week they could draw no doles. The emploper and the beneficiary of the dole éhus plan an advantage which is somewhat mutual, The employer has no over- time, no problem over those he has to lay off for a period. It keeps his list in a beautifully elastic state, with an ample and satisfied surplus at all times. In the old days it was no unusual thing for the mill to be shut down a day or two per week and no particular hard- ship was felt by the workers because they lost a day or so. The average | skilled wage in the district in which I made this inquiry is $15 per week, therefore the people drew $7.50 for wages and an average of $3 for half a week’s dole, thus getting up to $10.50 for a half week's work and a half week’s idleness. It is becoming a typical arrange- ment all over England and enlarges the dole list because it makes every regular employe likewise a dole taker. All over the kingdom labor exchanges are urging workers to stay on four days, thus putting another day's pay on the employer and taking three days off the dole, but here again the rules interfere because it means that the dole taker thus loses his weekly eligi- bility and must go to the exchange and OAL If you pay cash for your fuel you are en- titled to BETTER PRICES than those who require 30 to 90 days. We therefore so- licit from those only who pay on delivery, giving them the bene- fit of our reduced prices. We have been selling the justly fa- mous Phila. & Reading Anthracite since 1902, also all the popular lump soft coals. All our coal is .carefully screened and the full weight (2,240 pounds) is absolutely guaran- teed. B. J. WERNER start over again. He would rather be idle & day than spend some hours his exchange complying with the paper work necessary to keep his unemployment_ record _straight. ~The new abuse is loading the system with the names of part-time workers who do not need the dole to live upon, but ]n is entirely lawful under the recent freedom given the unemployed by the 1930 act; any effort to remove this type of abuse will be resisted by the political forces which since 1920 have added 15 liberalizing amendments to the general unemployment plan, I talked with an intelligent member ‘of the labor union, who expressed re- gret at these legalized abuses of the system, but sald these “did not bring the fundamental principles of the in- stitution under criticism.” “The system has done too much for labor to be condemned merely because ‘t has built up faults,” said he, “It has kept the lal g man fit. When recovery comes it will find him normal in health, in spirits and without a | swamp of 'debt.” This is & standard claim and you hear it wherever you touch she labor union thought. It is uttered to match the argument of the other side that the dole has demoralized labor and builded a chronic class of idlers. 1 obtained from a government worker in one of the smaller labor exchanges a sympathetic study which I feel pre- sents f!ll:ly this phase of the problem. “I think,” said he, “that you can put it down that 99 per cent of this Brit- ish labor crowd are decent workingmen. \ They stand the dole about & year with- for the money necessary to provide their comfort. The women seem less | demoralized than the men by the long | period of getting money regularly for | idleness. The most grievous thing, of | course, is its effect upon the young. |1t is ‘difficult to make a traditional British craftsman out of a young per- son who has learned how to live on the dole.” His suggestion that our Government, in case it adopts the system, should | find something for the women to do is | reflected by a statement made by Sir Philip Gibbs at an earlier date: “If the money spent on the dole had been spent in creating new work, de- veloping new resources, getting jobs done that want doing, it would have | produced new wealth and stimulated the spirit of the nation. But all it has done is to keep people patlent with idleness and encourage them in the belief that they will be kept comfort- able, or at least alive, even if they never do a stroke of honest work. It |1s helping to kill the initiative of the younger crowd. There are youths in England now who will lay off a job after a week or two because they are fed up with work, and will take a holi- day an@ draw the dolé again for pocket D. C, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1931. these unemployed have not been traine ed for road work and could $hus claim exemption under the act on the ground | that it was not “suitable employment.” 107 FLYERS GRADUATED Three From Capital Complete Ad- vanced Army Course. ‘Three Washingtonians are among the 107 students who wiil graduate October 10 from the Advanced Flying School at Kelly Pleld, Tex. They will receive the wing insignia of the Army Air Corps indicating they are pilots with the rank of seccnd lieutenant. They are James E. DeMarco, 2310 Branch avenue southeast; Henry E. Wheeler, U. 8. Bureau of Public Roads, and Troup Miller, jr., a member of the 1930 class at West Point, who for- merly resided at the Army War College. 1 by countryside du Science Magic .Still Evident In Rural Belgium. The magic of pre-Christian Europe o | SHIl is evident among the country peo- ple of Belgium and there may bave v e n some revival since the war, Dr. Pranz M. Olbrechts of the Royal Museum of Art and History, Brussels, has just sent to the United States Na- tional Museum a collection of tiny wax | to and silver images collected in the near- ring’ the present year. These are known as “ex-votos,” Dr, Ol- brechts says, and are offered at cer- tain shrines to obtain cures for specific allments, although the practice is se- verely condemned by the church, “The ex-voto,” he says, “usually rep- resents the part of the body affected— as the the teeth, Don’t Be a “Putter-Off” eresting classes at the Y.W.C. A. Open October 5—Phone ME. 2102 10™ 11™™ F axD G STREETS THE ARGONNE 16th and Columbia Rd. Resident Manager Col. 4630 Wo00oDWARD & LOTHROP To you, in search of Wedding Gifts, the entire store becomes a great gift shop—from which we have chosen these distinctive examples of “Wedding Gifts Preferred” Wedding Invitations .. . Announcements It really does not ‘matter how much you decide to spend—the point Is that the very taste and discrimination which are part of one’s inner being should be —demand fastidious regard for 1937 Fifth St. N.E. North 0079 ey i both correctness and fashion —and, with full appreciation of this regard, the Woodward & Lothrop Engraving Service, . offers this wedding service in the approved manner of the most discriminating. will enable the astronomers to resolve The new 200-inch mirror of the tele- | into distinctiveness objects in the Boope, twice the size of any such mir- | heavens which now seem no more than ror now in e Porter sald, will smudges of light. reflected in one’s gift. With this thought in mind, Woodward & Lothrop has actually shopped and shopped—this country and the gift mans of the world, Now these great gift collections, wkh hundreds of gifts, are ready to Nelp you solve your wedding gift problems in the smartest possible way—that, inexpensive or costly as you please, your gift will be one that you may b really proud to giva, If desired. tions and an- nouncements will be addressed and mailed, for a slight sddi- tional charge. Eworavine, Fmst FLoom, WoopwARD & LOoTHROP 10™ U™ F anp G STREETS The Wedding Gifts Shown A—Two-tone Woollen Blankets, in lovely colorings, satin bound, 72xB4, “The Walnut Room presents the Branxers, Szcomp FLooR. B-—Cast Brass Andirons, in s very graceful design, $17; others $16 to $22. "New Lines of In addition—Your Wedding Gifts will be PIRIPLACE ACCESSORIES “Gift-wrapped”—so that they will make a Forre PLOOR. most presentable appearance—and, when shipping charges are not disproportionate to the price of the article, gifts will be sent with- out additional chargesto any shipping point in the continental United States, C—Royal Sarouk Rugs, from « par- ticularly choice and distinctive collection; average 4x7 size, $115; other sizes from $55 to $365. Fashion ) $39.50 This specialized group of frocks brings the leading styles, with finesse of detail, typical of all Walnut Room fashions, at this attractive price. The model sketched is of Spanish tile crepe, with deep ecru lace and net cuffs and one-sided vestee—so feminine, in line and detail. THE WaLNUT RooM, THImD FLOOR. Rucs, Frrre Froon. Beautiful Imported Service Plates, in gold, black, or green, $50 dozen; others $24.75 to $125. Cumva, Frrre FLoor. Crystal Stemware Servic the beautiful rock crystal design, $12 dozen; others $15 to $50. Grassware, FIrre FLOOR. F—Electric Waffle Iron, Universal make; chromium plated, with sutomatic heat indicator, $12.50; others $8.45 to $14.50. ELECTRIC APPLIANCES Frrre FLOOR. Embroidered Linen Luncheon Set, including 13 pieces—runner, 6 place doilies, 6 napkins, $5.95; others to $25. Linens, Seconp FLOOR. H—Carved Oak Coffee Tables, a Belgian import, with marble top, $40 each; others $18 Do PR two styles, £-412 Dozen to $75. Grrr Smop, SEVENTH FLOOR. Foundation Garments that achieve the new lines J— Gothic-design Electric Clock famous Waterbury model; bake- lite finish, $9.95; others to $110. Crocks, Fmst FLOOR. Sterling Silver Sherbets, gold § A-410 lined; set of 6, $15; others $17 to $60 set. SrLvERWARE, FIRsT FLOOR. K —Hemstitched Damask Dinner Set, with 68x86 cloth and 8 napkins, $10.95. Linens, Seconp FLoOR. L—Drum Table, mahogany or erotch walnut; Duncan Phyfe design, $20; others $11.50 to $150. PURNTTURE, SIXTH FLOOR. . . J_ —with raised bust, cinched-in waist, slim hips. Sketched at left: A lovely corsette, emphasizing slim waist, raised, youthful bust- line and smoothness at the hips. Of silk-figured batiste and lace. 15 Shetched at left: A new Woodthrop side-hook girdle, that is entirely boneless, except for two light bones i e front, It provides the smoothest of back and hip lin with lace.. IVI—Girandole Mirrors, with thirteen balls and eagle—gilt frame, $10. Others $4 to $35. MrRroRs, S1xTH FLOOR, IN—Alabaster Lamp, in lovely agate color, two-light portable, $13.50; Silk Shade, in @ new fringed de- sign, $10; other portables, $5 to $37.50. oo Lamps, Sevents FLOOR. (O—The Westinghouse Columaire Radio, with electric clock—full size, 9-tube screen grid, super- heterodyne ch: $99.50. Reg- ist price was $196.50. RapIos, FOURTH FLOOR. E] y lace Maidenette bandeau, one § l 50