Evening Star Newspaper, September 23, 1931, Page 5

BRITAIN 10 FIGHT INFLATION MOVE {nternational Competitive Ex- | pansion Is Feared as i Confusion Breeder. BY EDWARD PRICE BELL. LONDON, England, Septembef 23.— Determination to keep sterling at the highest possible level’ continues to in- spire the national government's entire policy. There will be no running after the will o' the wisp of foreign trade by deliberate inflation. Either the British people will ge financially patri- otic coluntarily—which is expected— or the government will enforce financial patriotism. Private sacrifices of sterling for the profit supposedly offered by for- eign exchange will be prevented dra- eonically. ‘The government's- position may be stated thus: “Competitive inflation, which un- @ubtedly would follow British inflation, #pells universal confusion and mis- fortune. We were forced off the gold standard by foreign, not by domestic influences. Unwarranted fears abroad were the causes. As we fought for the gold standard with all our strength, so we shall fight for the stabilization of sterling at the highest point which international circumstances may make feasible.” Economists Back Government. Leading industrialists and economisis heartily support the government in this attitude. Relieved as they are from the severe mechanical constraint of the unyielding monetary standard—a constraint which was becoming daily severer owing to the efflux of gold from England—British manufacturers under- stand that little of that kind of re- Yief goes & long way. They put no real trust and certainly no permanent trust in currency depreciation as & com: petitive weapon. They deem it a simp'y & means of knocking the bot- tom from under the credits and com- merce of tke whole world. Nor is that all. British business men realize the necessity of avoiding a steep rise in the cost of lving among the masses. Such a rise would be political- 1y disturbing. It might cause a general Joss of confidence in Conservative pol- icies and thus threaten the power of Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald ‘and his three-party followers to weath- er the storm on accepted capitalist prin- ciples. Prices will be higher, but hon- est and vigorous efforts will be made to hold them well below the danger | line. Manufacturers and traders, in short, are with the statesmen in want- | ing not_monetary depreciation, but in- ternational measures to place both y,ol_d and silver at the service of the world's business on ‘scrupulously fair terms all | around. Holds Gold Supply Too Small. Sir Robert Horne, for instance, one of the greatest of British public men ! and = deep student of international trade, declares that the world's business 4s becoming-too big for the world's gold supply, even if this supply were dis- tributed scientifically. He joins many of his compatriots in urging an inter- governmental conference to consider the monetary restoration of silver as an “ecumenical ity expedient. Sir Robert believes that A&‘eflnhn op- to such a move. once e ‘some quarters, may have “in view of the world’s economic and financial extremity.” This authority will have none of ‘the | view that remonetization of silver would Eng] Jong | men who have studied the subject give | relatively,” says Sir Robert. centuries the ratio has been 14}0unces of silver to one ounce of gold. For the follow the road of monetary science to | a just nolu"tkm freeing buying power v 5 (Copyright. 1931.) LONDON EXCHANGE STEADY. Atmosphere Appears Cheerful as Trad- ing Is Resumed. LONDON, September 23 (#).—There was no rush to sell nht‘l:e londl:n st’ock Exchange reopened t! morning after having been closed two days following the government’s suspension of the gold standard. On_the whole, the atmosphere was cheerful and, while British government securities generally were off 2'; to 5 points, quotations were largely nominal. A tendency toward recovery was notice- sble later in some of these issues. Home industrials showed considerable strength on the prospects for improved business under the new monetary con- ditions. Gilt-edge securities were gen- erally lower as & consequence of the higher bank rates, wbich makes them less attractive for investment. Interest in Industrials. Members arrived early for the open- ing at 10 o'clock and devoted the first half-hour to & discussion of the prices of gilt-edgers in the new financial order. Chief interest centered in industrials, gold mines, ofl shares, which equaled yesterday’s unofficial street prices and ‘were well over those of Saturday. One of the first quotations was made on the war loan at 94, which was quite nominal and compared with 97%; Sat- urday. It was pointed out that the sinking fund operates when ‘his se- curity reaches 95 and because il was reported that several orders to buy were on hand, dealers anticipated an in- crease in business later in the day. The process of adjusting quotations for gilt-edge stocks in accordance with the bank rate continued. Consolidated 2'; per cent were quoted 2!, points lower at 5!‘3: the funding loan 5 points Jower, at 8315 the consolidated loan of 4 per cent, 3 points Jower, at 82, and the conversion loan of 5 per cent, 3 points lower, at 99. All these quota- tions were largely nominal and did not indicate any selling pressure. Profit-Taking Cuts Price. Industrials and gold mining shares, which started well were easier under profit-taking, and transatlantic fayorites were slightly lower. Brazil tractions ‘were 1012, nickels, 10% ; radios, 17, and steels, 90 and 97. Quotations generally were being made very wide and as far as the gilt-edge section was concerned business was & matter of negotiating ior the time being. There was & number of small buying orders, but no big sell- ing_pressure. The business of gathering quota- tions for the information of clients caused great activity. Clerks rushed from the exchange to private offices with information to be telephoned or throughout the provinces, making Throgmorton street a ¥ Forelgn exchange market rates in rere largely nominal and varied little grom yesterday's figures. Sterling in terms fes were quoted as follows York cable transfers, $4.12 to + Paris, 104 to 105 francs, Amster- 1 %o 11 guilde¥s and Berlin, 18 BRITONS LEAVING FRANCE. (). —Many Vi iarrits September 23 igitors to Paris, Bi recelving 20 francs less * returning home, r mfloflhcglm nd of Great Britain's of $600,000,00 April Estimated. of a series rst-hand. in gonditions in ever on of 4 British_TIsles, Ing_the history, the current situation and The "3"’ and “economic effect " of the © dole Uibon every ciass of population. articles. based a nuf: of BY HENRY J. ALLEN, Former United Siates Senator and Governor of Kansas I brought away from Kew thirty-two separate and distinct specimen blank forms used in the record work of mak- ing the register of those eligible to re- ceive the dole. The blanks cover more specifications than an old-time tontine life insurance policy. They had to do with “receipt, reconciliation and certi- fication of benefit accounts.” They pro- vided “investigations,” “classifications,” “contributions,” “compliance with rules,” “non compliance,” stamps to b2 affixed to the unemployment book which._each dole beneficiary must carry, and which is of greater importance to him than the Magna Charta. | There are several & unemployment books: one for adult man, one for a boy of 16 years, under 18, who draws less than a boy of 18 under 21, and & book for a man of 21 and under 65. Each book contains blank designations for the weekly report of 52 weeks, upon which the weekly record of the holder of .the book is entered each week. At the end of the year the books are can- celed and new ones issued. Then there- are blanks to contain records of “spe- cial claims which expire in 61 days,” blanks containing “occupation” declara. tions and “alternative ocupation dec- larations,” a report on “special qualifi- cations,” a blank containing “benefit rate and period,” with -excerpts from the insurance acts, and separate blanks for declaration as to what the insured did on Monday,” Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday, with instructions on how to answer, Blanks also are provided for ‘“arrears,” for “transfer of claim from one local office to another,” a “benefit pay sheet,” a “weekly summary of all forms,” with ear off portion,” a “full record of un- loyment” and an “invoice of closed claims” with “relevant documents at- tached.” These had to.do with the paper work of the unemployed. Then there was a less formidable lst of bianks for the emplover beginning with one headed “application employer for the return of contributions paid in error.” e Large Force Employed. As I contemplated this array of blank forms and booklets realized again what the introduction of unemployment insurance is going do_for our civil service at home. It will multiply it like a war. This “Kew” has not been of mush- room growth. It began simply with few hundred clerks. It was not fore- seen that ultimately it would nd a force of 30,000 civil service embloyes | in the field, in addition to the local force of 3.000 clerks. If the live reg- | ister this Winter grows to 3,275,000 un- | employed as the chief of Kew predicts. | it will add materially to the force. Every 150 persons on the dole adds one civil service employe to the administra- tive list. This force does not expect to | be demobilized. It costs altogether 20| per cent of every dollar to administer the dole, I am told. and that it is fair to estimate, that 30 per cent goes to those who would get along well enough without it. Therefore, the best esti- mates I have been able to obtain is that 50 cents out of every doller of the dole money reaches those who would be de- pendent upon charity without it. The friends of the system say that even thus it is better than charity, and that no | more of it goes for cost ard administra- tion and to shirkers than would char- acterize a like disposal of direct aid under the poor law. Those lish- | the, term “suitable employment” is so THE EVENING STAR. WASHINGTON, D. €., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1931 The Dole in England Cost of Administering Relief Is 20 Per Cent—Deficit 0 in Fund by English wages are still twice those of any other country in Europe. They are haif the scale i the United States. In the beginning this fact contributed to the unemployment. They were not adapted to meet the European fall in prices, thus enabling manufacturers to keep in competition. The hostility of the trades unions to lower scales was infllexible and the general public opin- jon agretd with them. There was un- doubtedly a conviction that high wages with some unemployment was better for all than lower wages with ebsorp- tion of the unemployment. At a time when unemployment_did not exceed a | a million there was therefore no partic- ular worry about its growth under the earlier plan of unemployment insur- ance ' ‘While the so-called insurance system began in 1912, it did not function on a large scale until after the war. Orig- inally it was genuine insurance, having a strict relationship between the pre- miums paid by the workers (then 7) pence per week each, and the employ- ers a slightly larger sum for each per- son employed. and a similar one-third by the State), and the indemnity re- ceived by the unemployed. The limits were prudently fixed and the benefi- end of 15 weeks of unemployment all benefits from the insurance fund ceased automatically. Under this sys- tem the fund took care of itself and ac- cumulated a surplus. Dole Gets Into Politics. After the armistice, especially in 1920, England was overwhelmed by a virulent economic crisis. At once government employment insurance was extended to include all workers except domestic servants and agricultural laborers. The most constantly. reiterated statement by Englishmen is that this action avoided revolution, An effort was still made to maintain the original principles of unemployment insurance. Little by little the irresisti- ble pressure of circumstances brought about an entirely different conception. In 1921 a special allowance for depend- ents was added and the share borne by the government treasury increased. 1In 1924 the 15 weeks' time limit for recelving weekly benefits was abolished by the Labor government then in power. From then on ald was given automatically as long as the worker was without employment. Naturally, after this extension there was no hope of a financial balance in the fund. The dole got into politics. All safeguards were whittled down by the persistency of the demagogues Who adopted, for political effect, a sympathetic attitude toward dole beneficiaries, Originally in order to receive the dole the worker had to prove that he had been “genuinely seeking work, but un- able to obtain suitable employment.” In 1930 another amendment was ssed by the Labor government d\mulfl?yln‘ the worker only if he had “refused without good cause suitable employ-~ ment offered him by a labor exchange.” He no longer was expected to look for work himself. The interpretation of broad that a worker without being dis- qualified can refuse any post, even though he has the ability for it, if he thinks he has been offered less than the regular rate, or if the job has been avaflable by a strike. If it pleases him he can refuse any job for which he has not been definitely trained. “Transitional” Class Created. One other important safeguard had remained, namely, the unemvloyed to be eligible to the dole must have paid a minimum of 30 contributiogzs of 7 pence, 14 cents in our money, Tuto ths fund during two years. But unemploy- ment had become a tradition by this it as their opinfon that we in the States | waste more on public ald than 50 per | cent of the dollars we spend. | The growth of Kew's activities has | been entirely characteristic of the pe- | culiar momentum that carries a sub- sidized public ' institution far beyond original estimates. It is worth a mo- ment of study in cause and effect. Wages Are Still High. Between 1917 and 1920 the British wage level rose from an index of 100 to 170-80. In 1929 the Ministry of Labor estimated it from 170 to 175 and for 1930 Mr. Bowley. well known statisti- cian of the London School of Econom- ics, puts the figure at 178, showing that | there has been no reduction from the | peak figures of the post-war boom. Ac- | tually wages have increased above the | boom maximum of 1920, because whole- | sale prices are lower and a consequent | decline in the cost of living has in- creased the purchasing power of the present weage. | The trains to London are crowded and atrplanes have long waiting lists. The Bourse showed general improve- ‘ment at the opening today, and losses | registered at the beginning of the week | have been recovered. LIRA EXCHANGE WAVERS. Halian Price Improves Against Pound | Sterling at Opening. ROME, September 23 (#).—The lira wavered slightly from vesterday's clos- | ing, opening today at 19.85 to the dol- lar, but improved against the poun: sterling, which opened at 85.45. MEXICO IS HEARTENED. Leading Silver Providing Nation Awalts Decision on India’s Program. MEXICO CITY, September 23 (#).— Recovery in the quotation of bar silver as a result of Great Britain’s suspen- sion - of the gold standard brough satisfaction today to Mexico, largest silver pr country in the world. Financlers feit, however, that a per- manent improvement depended prin- cipally on the monetary program to be finally adopted in India. They viewed Monday’s improvement as & psycholog ical effect of England’s action in with drawing gold quotations for the pound, but of only monetary duration. For the same reason, they did not expect the simultaneous recovery of the Mexican silver to be lasting. The peso rose 15 points against the doilar Monday, but lost some of the gain yes- terday and was expected to revert to its “recent steady quotation of three to one. ‘Their optimism hinges chiefly on a belief that India would not be able to revert entirely to the gold standard. ‘The danger of India dumping its im- mense store of silver on the market constituted the main source of worry to silver producers here and this danger now is viewed as greatly lessened. A general movement in the United States to lower costs of production in order to offset England’s advantage in the foreign markets Is expected by Mexican observers to be forthcoming immediately. Press comment on England's action has been unanimously in approval and El Universal Grafico terms it a severe blow to “the gold-hoarding countries of the United States and France.” SHIP LINE HEADS CONFER. of foreign cur-|New Rate Based on Dollar Demanded | on Pacific Coast. September of the Pacific | ipping Conference, composed of 12 large steamship un; was called here today to discuss the demand of a member for a rate on grain and lumber based on the dollar d sterling, in view susponsion of the sald the rates on gold standard. Shipping oficials 23 | time. A new generation had come along which had not paid into the fund the 30 contributions. The government, to take care of this class, created a new rule under a rather beautiful word “transitional” unemployment. If you are “transitional” you can get in by having paid in two years a minimum of eight contributions of 7 pence each. After you become a “transitional” you are entitled to all the benefits of those who have been contributors for 15 years, Thus the system has lost all its actu- arial basis. It is no longer insurance. It is true that the workers still give up their small weekly contributions, and tbe employers still maintain their fixed head tax for every worker in their em- ployment, but there is no real relation- ship between what is paid into the fund and what is paid out. The resuit is that a deficit now considerably more than five million dollars a week is being cre- ated in the fund and for this deficit the government becomes responsible, It is estimated that tbe deficit by April will be over six hundred million dolla; grain and lumber were the only ones | now based upon the pound sterling. Conference suthorities expressed appre- hensfon over the possibility of a re- ! stricted movement of grain and lumbsr in the event no new agreement-should | made, i China Sends Gold to U. S, SHANGHAI, September 23 () —Th: Central Bank of China today ;hlppe; to America gold worth $2,600,000 in ?n}:nclg’ 1::"].1;3‘ on the liner President Taft, which left Shangh: Taft. v nghai bound for claries were entitled to petty sums when | compared to their normal wages; at the | i INELIGIBLE JUROR {INDICTMENT MIX-UP! " INTHRD DEGRE Disclosure Brings Decision to Re-present All Bru- tality Cases. ge.) ilAIl] 10 SYSTEM 'Always Possible for Tales- men to Answer Questions Erroneously. (Continued From First Page.) i | the powers of the court, it is contends {in legal circles. Neither has the Deed- | partment of Justice the right to ques- Ition the jury. | Since the McPherson debacle, in ! which it was discovered after the grand ! jury had expired that a wom2n mem- | ber was ineligible because she was re- celving & pension as the widow of a naval officer, great care has been exer- ::u:a in examining candidates for jury uty. U. S. Officials Vexed. In the McPherson case an entirely |new grand jury was sworn in, due to (the fact that the term of the previous grand jury had ended when the in- ! eligibility was discovered. Department of Justice officials were | vexed by today's developments, but de- clined to ‘comment for publication. They had announced completion of dheir part |of the investigation, but reopening of |the grand jury proceedings will mean their re-entry into the picture. The renewal of grand jury proceed- ings also may result in postponement of Director Hoover’s report to the Dis- trict Commissioners. scheduled for this week end. It is believed he desires to await the outcome of the grand jury hearings before forwarding his report of the Government's findings. Legion Adopts Resolution. ‘The Executive Committee of the local department of the American Legion adopted resolutions last night express- ing disapproval of police brutality, but | declaring its “full faith in the honesty, humanity and integrity of the vast ma- Jority of the police of the District” and urging the public to withhold judg- ment until the accused have been proved guilty. Commissioner Crosby was visibly dis- turbed by the sudden turn cf events, and indicated that he regretted the now apparent inevitable delay in cleering up the brutality cases, particularly in view of the effect it will have on the morale of the police department, declared to be already st & low ebb. The Commis- ner, however, saild he had no comment to make on the situation, except to re- assure the public that the efforts of District officials would not be relaxed in pushing the investigation of the charges against the police. ¢+ Lawyers Continue Inquiry. In the meantime, the Committee of Lawyers, which has relieved Corpora- tion Counsel Bride of the investigation of the grand jury’s charges in the Staples case, continued #s inquiry and made preparations to interview Fred- erick Schenck, former policeman, whose testimony that former Po.'ceman Or- ville Staples was “framed” resulted in the grand jury's excoriation of un- named members of the Police Depart- ment. Schenck, serving a 20-year term at the Federal Penitentiary at Leaven- worth, was brought to Washington at the request of the District Commission- ers and is now confined in the District Jail awaiting the pleasure of the Com- mittee of Lawyers. Functioning secretively, the commit- tee is closely guarding the plans it has made to question Schenck. Whether the interview will take place at the jail or in the office of Henry P. Blair, chair- man of the committee, is another detail that has not been revealed. Corporation Counsel Bride, however, said if the committee desires to ques- tion Schenck at the jail, he will ar- range for the members (o meet him there in privacy, Otherwise, the cor- poration counsel explained, arrange- ments can be made to have Schenck removed from the jail to Mr., Blair's office for the interview. Aside from reviewing the volumin- | ous transcript of the testimony in the Staples’ case, covering 1,684 pages, the committee is questioning witness:s who testified against the former voliceman. Corporation Counsel Bride, whose office conducted the prosecution of Staples three years ago, has appesred before the committee, not for the purpose of giving testimony, but to advise the members and offer the co-operation of the Commissioners. Jacobson’s Plans Unchanged. Albert W. Jacobson attorney for Po- liceman Joseph H. Hunt of the second precinct, who the grand jury rccom- mended for dismissal for the part he is | | | [ of Staples, said the disqualification of Johnson would hav: no effect on his plans to seek expuls‘on from the rec- ord of the grand jury report in the Staples case. f @ technicality,” Jacobson declared. “I intend to go righ: ahead with my jury had a legal right to make that report.” In a petition to the District SBupreme Court, Jacobson attacked the authority of a grand jury to make special reporc on the ground that s grand jury's suthority is solely to indict or ignore. A similar petition was filed by Henry 1. Quinn, attorney for Police Inspector Louls J. Stoll, who was criticized in the report by inference. Both attor- neys asked that the grand jury report be expunged' from’ the records. WARSAW EXCHANGE UNMOVED, Held in Poland, WARSAW, Poland, September 23 —The stock exchange, reacting v(e?y | | terrupted its activities. Exchange quo- tations on New York were un:'lu:lea | today, Farts was slightly better and | e off. The ‘"’;hm” quoted. P it | e newspapers attributed the calm | market to the fact that the amount of sterling in Poland is limited and also to reports that the stock exchange had | been informed that no foreign exchange | regulations or trading 1 B € limitations were KING STRESSES NEED OF PARLEY ON SILVER Conference to Rehabilitate Metal as Money Is Predicted by Utah Senator. | Senator King of Utah expressed be- lief yesterday that the financial crises in England and Germany made impera- live an international conference for the rehabilitation of silver as imoney. In a statzment through his office, the | Utah Democrat expressed eonfidence that such a conference would be called :a\’ some government within & short ime. “There is a scarcity of monetary gold and unless some drastic plan is adopted to meet the situation some European | nation and perhaps others, may follow | Mexico's example and demonitize gold,” King said. . “An international conference is im- | peratively required land and Germany, | nomic depression in the United States, | will compel our Government or some | other government to call such confer- | ence in order that some pian may be lfifefi u] for the rehabilitation of silver nng for the nunlfthealnl of the world's monetary metallic base.” 0N i e Japan, Only Limited Amount of Sterling Is. h | set yesterday - for hearing the argu- slowly to events in London, has not in- | Arguments Set for Tuesday. Arguments on the petition will be eard Tuesddy. Originally the court ments, but postponed the date for a week at the request of United States | Attorney leo A. Rover. | Jacobson revealed he discovered sev- {eral days ago that Johnson was dis- uualified. to serve on the grand jury, and { had planned to question the legality | of the jury in the argument on his | petition.” In the meantime, however, he ! said the Department of Justice learned that Johnson was not qualified to serve, and so advised United States Attorney Rover. —e BORAH SAYS MONEY MAY BE A 1932 ISSUE Continued Flow of Gold to U. 8. and France Impoverishing Mar- ket Sources, He Declares. | By the Associated Press. | SPOKANE, Wash., September 23.— | Senator William E. Borah of Idaho ex- | pressed the opinion today that if an international money conference is not ! called “the money question wiil be on? of the issues of the next presidential | campaign.” “If the flow of gold,” he sald, “should continue in the next five years in the way it has for the last five, the United States and France would have from 85 to 95 per cent of the world’s gold. ‘The rest of the world would nave less glhm 15 cents per capita with which to do business. We shculd be rich in gold, but bankrupt in market for our goods and the products of our farms.” ‘The Senator described the discontin- uance of gold redemption by the Bank of England as “rather startling,” but asserted “the gold standard has falicd.” Democrats to Meet. MOUNT Md., September | 33 (Special).—The Women'’s Democratic lclnb of district will alleged to have played in the “framing” | T do not propose to take advantage | plans to determine whether tlie grand | | Government pensioner remaining on | the grand jury and invalidating a num- ber of indictménts are recalled. The McPherson indictment in October, 1929, was invalidated by the presence on the | jury of a Mrs. Marmion, widow of an | officer in one of the services, and an i indictment charging & conspiracy | among & number of coal dealers to fix i ihe price of coal, returned March 3, 1921, had to be thrown ouf because a Government pensioner was on the jury. When the talesmen are summoned into court to qualify on the grand jury the clerk propounds the following in- quiries: “Does any lady ask to be excused on the grounds of her sex?” “Is enybedy in line under the age {of 212" “Is anybody 65, or about to reach 652" “Were you each born in the United States?” “Are you each a citizen of the United States and a resident of the District of Columbin?” “Have any of you served within a year as a juror in_any court or any | Jury panel in the District of Colum- bia?"” “Do you read, write and understand the English language?” Moral Turpitude Question. “Have you ever been convicted of a crime or misdemeanor involving moral | turpitude?” “Is any one of you a member of th> bar,. & minister of the gospel, & special police officer, a practicing physician? “Are you in charge of a hospital? «Are you employed on & vessel plying in District waters? . “Are you connected with the United States or District Government in any way? “yAre you connected with the District Natlonsl Guard? “Is any one of you a notary public? “Have you contracts of any kind with either tie United States or District governxent? “Have you any war risk insurance, or any form of the bonus in effect? “Do you rent a building to the Gov- {ernment or from the Government? “Do you own a drug store or other bulldings in which there is a post office or stamp office? “Do you belong to the Officers’ Re- serve? “Have you ever been in the Army. Navy, Marines, Coast Guard. or any Government department, United States or District? Pay or Pension Question. “Do you get pay or pension of any | kind from either the United States or | District Government? “Do you get any money in any way from either the United States or Dis- trict Government? “Pinally, do any of you ask to be excused for business or personal rea- sons?” Tnese questions are propounded to| the prospective jurors, who are sup-| posed to answer in the affirmative if | the guestion calls for that reply, 179 Indictments Clouded. Regardless of how it happened, or might have been prevented, a total of 179 indictments, contained in three re- | ports, are now believed to have been rendered potentially illegal by the dis- ocvery of an ineligible member of the current grand jury. Many defendants in the cases, who entered pleas of gullty when arraigned, have Already been sentenced and arc now serving jail terms. One of the indictments named 23 persons on charges of conspiracy to violate the national prohibition act, and was returned in the first report of the grand jury July 23. The ringleader in this aileged conspiracy, according to police, is Harry Zimberg. The de- fendants in case include two women. More than 300 offenses against the dry law were cited. The earliest overt act named in this indictment occurred in December, 1930, and the liquor-law violations, which in- | cluded the manufacture, possession and | sale of intoxicating beverages, covered the period up to July of this year, I.he' grand jury charged. An indictment returned by this grand 1 IWDONALD LEAVES in flight over the Tempelhof Al design in planes bas created quif i) Something New in Sky Craft PREDICTED AS PLANE OF THE FUTURE. HIS queer-looking airplane was designed and built by a German engineer after a proposai of Hermann Koehl, the transatlantic flyer. some predict that it might revolutionize the airplane industry. It is shown | irdrome in Berlin, Germany. The new | te 2 bit of talk in aviation circles and —A. P. Photo. i{Unsettled Conditions Betwecn U.S By the Associated Press. f NEW YORK, Se ber 23—The i1l wind that forced England off the gold standard has blown good for the trans- | atlantic cable and telephone companies. A leap in th: volume of messages un- der the ocean and through the ether above it was reported today by tele- graph and telephone concerns. In two days the unsettlement and international interest attendant on the | British financial situation have resulted | in & 20 to 25 per cent jump in the| volume of transatlantic messages handled by the Western Union. An increase of more than 20 per cent in, all types of messages handled was re-| ported by the Postal, while this com- | pany’s press business increased more than 40 per cent. 162 Monday’s Record. Transatlantic telephone calls set sn/ all-time record for non-holiday traffic | on Monday. There were 162, only thrce | less than the record set last Christmas. “Unsettling conditions always tead to stimulat> correspondence,” said a tele- | graph official. “A war which may| eventually paralyze communication ! stimulates it in the early stages.” 'BRITISH GOLD CRISIS PUTS VIM IN.PHONE AND CABLE BUSINESS Increase of All Types of Messages ‘affected by the slump in sterling. in/Two Days Caused .and Europe. Despite the drop in sterling no change | in rates was announced by any of the | companies. Although officials of at | least one of them were under: to | be studying the situation created hy the slump from, roughly, $4.86, to un- official quotations of $4.15 to $4.20." | Customers in England pay for their west bound messages in sterling, butl all things considered, the resultant ef- fect on receipts was considered rather | unimportant. an official of the Western | Union indicated. Increase in Messages. He pointed out that the volume .of | messages has increased, that the east- bound volume is greater than the west- bound, that the company's lines run to all of Europe, not merely to England, and that the concern has commit. ments in England payable in sterling, such a@s Salaries and other -expenses. These payments would tend t> balance the effect on receipts of the drop in sterling, he said. | As for the transatlantic telephone, ' the English end is operated by the British post office, whose disburse- | ments, as well as receipts, ‘would be ' LONDON FOR REST Baldwin, Conservative Chief,' Acts as Premier—Election on Tariff Predicted. jury in its August 11 report charged 11 counts of embezzlement against Dave | Evans, former secretary-treasurer of the | International Association of Operating Engineers. The alleged embezzlements ! date back to September 26, 1929, and involve a total of $29,184.10. Evans was | in Chicago at the time of the indiet- | ment, and a warrant was sworn out| {o‘ruhla arrest and removal to the Dis- | rict. Horsewhipping Case. Another indictment wing out of labor difficulties in this same union, involving the homwhlp;lns of one of the officials of the ly last March, | may also be contested. This indict- ment charged Mrs. Ruth Stevens, her | husband, Robert E. Stevens; Robert Ely, Willlam I. Green and Clarence B, Rockenbaugh with assault in connec- | tion with an attack on_ Charles E.| Haury, an official of -the International | Union of Operating Engineers, at Tenth | and K streets on March 31, | Five indictments charging seven per- sons with first degree murder also were | returned by the July-August-September | term grand jury. These included in- dictment of William Owens, 70 years | old, a tugboat captain, who shot and | killed Elsie Louise Bryant, 14, at her home, 456 M street southwest, July 6; indictment of Bert Davis, World War veteran, who killed Policeman Charles D. Poole in & woods near Soldiers’ Home August 4; Joseph Henry Diggs, colored, doorman of the Wardman Patk Hotel, who shot and killed Capt. Willlam P, Norman on the steps of the hostelry August 12; Lajole Aaron Cooper, col- ored, who is under indictment for the murder of Joseph Edwards, also colored, | gelf is understood to be puzzled By the Assoclated Press. LONDON, September 23.—Stanley Baldwin, leader of the Conservative ' party, was at the helm of the British! government for the first time since 1919 today. | As Lord President of the Council Mr. Baldwin became acting prime minister | yesterday when Ramsay MacDonald | left for a secret destination in the country to recuperate from the strain | of keeping the pound sterling afloat on the world’s money markets. Mr. MacDonald’s friends and asso- ciates were not alarmed over his con- dition and felt that a few days of golf and rest would restore him to tip-top shape as they have on previgus occa- sions when overwork dictated temporary | retirement from official cares. He him- | by the ups and downs of his physical condi- jon. Health Proves Puzzling. The Daily Express quoted him as having told a colleague recently that on his customary early morning walks he often meets those who tell him how pale and haggard he is and others who congratulate him on looking so well. “The first fellow telephones his friends that I seem at death’s door,” the prime minister was quoted, “while the other spreacs the news that I am fit as a fiddle, and they are both right. It only shows what a shifty lot we politicians are.” Some newspaper professed to see in his on June 30 at 2247 Twelfth place, and one indictment naming Willlam Clifton Robinson, Charles Edwards Washington and Leonard A. Layton, all colored, for I the killing of Mannie Solomon, a taxi | driver, at Union and O streets south- i west, July 29, ' ‘Two_Policemen Indicted. Two fourth precinct policemen were indicted on August 11 by the grand Jury cn charg<s of extortion. They were Edward Willis Gore and Frank Joseph Hospidor, who were accused of accept- ing $10 for “protection” from Frank Adams, colored, on July 28. The grand Jurors in their September 4 report, also charged Joseph R. Gambaro, 44, & spe- cial employe of the Prohibition Bureau, with extortion in connection with his alleged acceptance of $5 from Robert H. Adams cf 1310 Twelfth street, on the promise of alding him in evading the penalty for violation of the national prohibition law. Sylvester L. McLaurin, colored lawyer, was indicted September 4 also, on & charge of larceny from the District of Columbia, growing out of his alleged purloining examination papers from a cabinet in the office of the Board of Education July 25. The indictments returned by the grand jury covered a variety of crimes and included 29 cases of housebreaking and larceny, 27 cases of unauthorized use of motor vehicles, 21 cases of grand larceny, 16 cases of assault with a departure a connection with the grow- ing movement for an early appeal to the electorate on the protective tarift issue, The Herald, labor organ. for instance, sald he was being offered a bewildering variety of advice and was slipping away to take counsel with him- self on a decision. Tarift Election Presented. Other newspapers wrote of the elec- tom Tas wn sasured fact and claimed to be able even to set the date. They reiterated that Mr. MacDonald was wil- ling to go to the people with a tariff policy on which it was said he was sure of the support of the Conservatives Paying High STOP Prices for MOVING Call Kreig—Save the Difference Nearly 3§ Century of Experience —The Original— KRIEG’'S EXPRESS & STORAGE CO. Eye St Dist. 2010 Sturtevant Blowers For Burning Buckwheat Coal Cut Your 0, Fries, Beall & Sharp 734 10th“St. N'W. NA, 1964 | cent of and holf of the Liberals headed by Sir | John Simon. David 'Lloyd George, Liberal leader, was understood, however, to be hostile to an election and was sald to have prepared a scathing manifesto against it if it becomes sn issue. The Labor faction was considered to be watching the turn of events and was ready for eventualities. U. S. FOREST FIRE TOLL IN'YEAR $65,000,000 70,832 of 190,980 Total Outbreaks Were on Protected Land, Says Report of Service. By the Associated Press. Forest fires in.the United States last year burned over 52,266,460 acres | with a loss of $65,968,350. | ‘The Forest Service gave these figures today and said organized protection | proved its effectiveness by keeping | | | down fire losses on protected areas to | 5,809,320 acres as compared with 46,- 457,140 acres destroyed on unpro- Tected lands. The total number of fires last year | was 190,980, of which 70,832 occurred | on_protected forests. Careless smokers were blamed for causing 17,460, or more than 20 per all fires on the protected areas. ‘The service listed 607,920,930 acres in the country in need of protection ere’s budget can &> no cook spoil ~ and even?y@ Ice Cream. «% A5 LEAGUE IS FLOODED WITH GRISIS PLANS Dozens of Ideas Broached as Nations See Hope in Joint Action. By Cable to The Star. GENEVA, Switzerland, September 23. —Dozens of plans and ideas for miti- gating or overcoming the world eco- nomic crisis have been broached in Geneva during the last month. They show the value of the League of Na- tions as a central clearing house for information, even though the League it- self is unable to do much toward put- ting them into effect. Among the most important schemes are: 1. A general movement for revision and reduction of reparations and war debts, as propounded by the Wiggin Committee at Basel, and which is ex- pected to be embodied in the report of the League's Finance Committee. As- sociated with this is the question of prolongation of the Hoover Moratorium. Tariff Walls Decried. 2. A general agreement that reduc- tion of tariff garriers is the sine » non of European economic This is emphasized by a resolution o the delegates of Belgium, Denmark. Norway, Luxemburg, Holland and Sweden appealing for stability of world commercial policy and na- | tions to avoid new tariff chamges. 3. Various suggestions for a gold o~ | currency conference to adjust world monetary difficulties. Lu“}nfivm mfl 1 m:‘a'nn real v's for & unive: ct of eeonnm& nona; sion.. ek 5. A proposal German Forelgn Minister Julius Curtius that schemes like the Chadbourne plan for sugar dis- tribution should be evolved for other comdmodlm ities, like wheat, coffee, copper and of Reglonal Agreements Favored. 6. Regional economic agreements and rapprochements based on preferential treatment between the agrarian states of Central Europe and industrial POThe recent German-Hungarian and recen an-Hun, German-Rumanian treaties, embodying limited application of this idea, have been approved by the league’s Economic Committee, even though they are coun- the traditional most favored na- it by an _international i o program of public 8. Formation of the Agriculture Mort- gage Credit Bank to assist in the dis- posal of wheat surpluses, as worked out by French Foreign Minister Aris- tide Briand’s Pan-Euiope Commission. League Short of Funds. by the Belglan econc- A 1 Prancqui for & similar in- eredits 9. mist Emile lustr: 10. An Italian resolution operation within the lllfl:l‘ national economic councils. 11. A French resolution advocating rappochements of cartels on an intev- national basis .for coal, wood. paper. leather, artificial silk, chemicals and The League itself is f » dim- cult financial crisis, nr‘mm vari- sary for the 1952 ence. (Copyright. 1931.) New tenders on English locomotives carry seven tons of coal. WHEN YOUBUY CITRATE OF Notice to Subscribers in Apartment Houses Subscribers wishing the carrier boy to knock on the door when delivering The Star will please tele- phone circulation depart- ment. National 5000—and instractions will be given for this service to start at once. one dessert can afford..It’s BREYERSF Hear RAYMOND KNIGHT- in their famous role —"THE BREYER-LEAFBOYS"-WJZ —every Thursday and Satur- day at 6:30 P. M.— beginning October 1