Evening Star Newspaper, August 14, 1931, Page 8

. WASBHINGTON, D. C. "FRIDAY.. .August 14, 1931 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor companiments were established at all [feeling for the prisoner at Las Vegas these points on the Mexican side. | though not to the point of evoking a American patrons flocked mcross in | sentiment for the lessening of a penaity great numbers. The wheels spun almost [ Which hai been generally regarded as continuously. ‘The card games flour- | moderate. . ished. Scandalous conditions developsd. e s gl It became a sort of “stunt” for Amer- | SPeaking not as a humorous author, ican young women to cross the bridges but as a serious observer, George Ber- at night in search of adventure. This |I8rd Shaw says he wishes he could turn led to some painful situations. Public opinion was aroused to the point where action was necessary. The petition to the Treasury Department, which has control of these bridges, followed and the response was immediate and effective, There will be other efforts to lure American money into Mexico by means of the spinning jennies and games of thance—in which the chances are against the player—and other measures will perhaps be necessary. 45¢ per month T60c per month "65c per montn ) per copy sl to cross the Rio Grande for the purpose jof lasing cash, The joints may, of d | course, be kept open during the day, or back the years and begin a career in Moscow. He is more consistent than the average man who seeks to entertain the public. He makes it plain that when years ago he sald he was a So- cialist, he was not merely fooling. et Mussolini will use water power to run railroads and factories, thus eliminating fear of coal shortage. Italy is an old country, with the benefit of vast intel- ligence throughout its history. Yet it still boasts of undeveloped resources of With the | splendid importance, bridges closed, however, it will be hard | A A willingness expressed by Mayor Jimmy Walker to allow investigators to read his diary if they wish is mainly - | the American patrons may cross before | interesting in the disclosure that & " nine and stay all night, and return after | man who has written so many clever STAR, WASHINGTO BY CHARLES \ ‘The stormy evening comes not in vain which finds the householder interested in_Nature study. If & rain is merely & nuisance, and growing things just so much decoration, then one will find nothing much to do on such an evening but go out. He who is interested in the things for themselves, and in the ani- mals of the field and the birds of the | heavens, knows something more to do | with a rainy evening. Nature study is at once the most innocent and fascinating occupation of | the animal called man. | E. TRACEWELL. N, D, C, AUGUST 14, 1931 Washington’s Summer Climate Is Defended To the Bdifor of The Star: The writer is taking the liberty to give you my impression as to the hot ‘There are few times so good as & rainy evening for studying Nature und minuf | years throughout this the home. Summer and Winter, I 'f::l that my aro . as to the ‘twun 5 o'clock and following reasons why this city is not ‘a perfect backeround for life. . |any warmer than hundreds of cities in after all, is what one is interested in, is | this country, and really believe that |it not? The trees, the grass, the shrubs, owing | the evergreens, the flowers—these are | course, | growing, living _thi Dogs, cats, ings. squirrels, birds—these are life. It is the phenomena of life, silhou- | etted inst life, which intrigue the mind and heart on & rainy evening. The vantage point of & window cne in a theater chair, as it were, which has the most ificent pre seenium arch in the world. The horizon s there, even if blotted out by houses snd trees and all the things of civiliza- tion. ‘There is drama here, too—ruthless drama if one watches closely enough. ‘The old play of the jungle goes on here. | A stalking cat leaps upon an unwary robin and bears it away amid the clat- ter of robins left behind. Through the shrubs bursts the cat, prey in mouth, head held high, eyes gleaming, experi- encing all the excitement of the famous human warrior after the slaughter of from | 1t requires no laborious study, and | which to watch the drama of nothing It is far enough from any large body t the end there is no severe teacher | much. This is a theatrical enterprise of water, from an enemy attack, as to a b The Virginia Car Users, It is decidedly to be hoped that a way ‘will be found to continue the electric traction service into Washington for the transport of the residents of Vir- ginia who now use the Alexandria and the Fairfax lines daily. At the hearing before the Public Utilities Commission on Wednesday proposals were made to carry the lines, operating as a unit de- spite their separate organisations, over existing tracks to an inner block fer- minal somewhere between 11th and 12th streets and E street and New York ave- '] d ond BT - late Mail—Payable in Advance. ryland and Virginia. En“f and Bunday, ay only " All Other States and Canada. 1yr, $12.00: 1 mo., 8.00; 1 m¢ 5.00; 1 mo.. Memiber of the Associated Press. to e Ao Gor 'P-.?J:fi%.'&:.i‘l‘:“'.‘f‘i.’&‘:‘?‘ R Tl i Sl Ziiahed Bt Yo RATERIEHTH | e anc ey o might and return afer e of sporting life is rather too strenuous Jailed for Four Lifetime to be continued for any length of time, A good many years ago the State of [ and it is to be doubted whether pat- Michigan, upon the revelation of = |ronage on that basis will justify the gross case of injustice in the execution | maintenance of these foul resorts. of an innocent man for a murder later eonfessed by another, repealed the law of capital punishment and substituted lite imprisonment. Recently & man who was confessedly gullty of numerous erimes of the gravest nature, committed in various States, was taken back to Michigan from the place of his arrest and tried for a murder committed in that State. He was, upon his own ac- knowledgment, found guilty and sen- #enced to imprisonment for life. Should te ever be released through executive slemency, he will be subject to arrest #nd trial in other States for capital frimes committed there. Yesterday & judge at Ann Arbor, |fhue. To this Commissioner Hartman Mich., sitting in extraordinary session | raised the objection that to do so would of the court to receive the confessions | involve a crossing of Pennsylvania ave- of three men taken a few hours pre- [ nue at 14th street, where already there wiously for one of the most abominable | is & serious congestion of traffic which erimes on record, the murder of four [ would be intensified by the addition of young people, gave them the maximum | more cars. sentences permitted by the law, life im- There seems to be & guestion of fact &""mn“ In doing so he expresged | relating to the 14th street crossing. regret that he could not send them to | Representatives of the Virginia ear lines the gallows for the explation of thelr!and car users point out that there is no aboninable offenses. But, “to make | such north and south use of the tracks doubly sure that they are never &gain |at that point as to make the daily additi-n to menace society,” he gave each man | of s few more cars of serious effect. It | & life sentence ‘Lor each of the l]om‘ has been heretofore urged from the murders, “fiot run concurrently.” | yiewpoint of the commission that E Thus, each of the trio is to serve four | street, along which the Virginia cars “life sentences,” one after another. must be run to give them access to an “This seeming absurdity is & practioul | yyner plock terminal, is for a part of measure for preventing the 'wvj;; Of | its distance o one-way street. The ex- clemency or the grant of parole. €Te | joting tracks on E between 11th snd i, of course, no ehance of M"flll 14th streets are rarely used except at the the duration of & “life. -'“4:';;:;‘ peak of traffic, when & considerable part o e a1 | e B o al on Toute, was any possibility of & time :::“- He | pinal decision in the matter has not ml{"fl:d Wu"::-'::“ ".'t“,; been rendered and a further considers- of potential eriminals nov at iarge, that | e g0 (8 EUCT 0 €00 ORRE Brob: the law, despite its limitation, means to oo o oghgiey flends off the lists of L & e wipe these three on by the Government is imperative. living men. The program of public bullding con- . This case has "'fll:""““ by the | struction cannot be held up indefnitely m‘m “WM P ;"““""m “The | SWAItIng ‘& settlement, in or out of earn m’:‘" 1y parenlid court, of the rights of the company :"" """"“'d 1y, | Which owns the tracks in question. And “m'-mm i ’:r"mm:'m h—. yet interruption of the service mow du'xmm i “'“"mkh g e y | Tendered the people of Virginia would —— Teadly | ntail » great disadvantage to them. available to the lawbreakers nowadays would enable them to avold detection, | PYOPOsal is made for a switchback on Fourteenth street at Constitution ave- nue to permit bringing the Virginia ear riders up to that point, to be there transferred to another line. This, how- ever, is only a makeshift and could not be aecepted as & permanent ar- rangement by either the District or tale checks with the outcome. The man named was taken, his associates were fuickly found and then, with rempark- speed, the three were bronglt to point of confession and within & few hours were taken to court, just shead of an inflamed public bent upon fmmediate vengeance, and there, within #n hour, were adjudged guilty and sen- denced and set upon their way to prison gor life. Let the precise nature of the crime be what it will, such offenses as those for which these men are now to be removed the users of the lines. speeches and impressive reports has found time to keep a diary. v ——— While doubts must arise concerning Soviet programs, that the five-year plan has at least given the Russian people hope and cour- age; things worth while in life that have never before been allowed them. ————————— Havana is famed for diversions of an exciting character. In promoting rough play for high stakes the citizenship should at least refrain from making spectators nervous by & systematic pro- gram of insurrection. ————r———— ®se of wheat as fuel by discouraged farmers will be deplored especially by thrifty housewives, who will see no ex- cuse for allowing the bread to be burned Dbefore it even gets into the oven. ———————— A debt holiday has required a great deal of hard overtime work by eminent statesmen to bring It to satisfactory realization. s SR Never & thrower of bouquets herself, | Mabel Willebrandt does not insist on compliments. She does not dodge when & grape concentrate brick is tossed. R —— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. A Virtuose. I sometimes has suspicions, in de toilin’ an’ de heat, Dis 1ife of ours is only a deception an’ & cheat; You's only hyuh a little while, an’ often it do seem Like all de sorrow’s genuine an’ all de joy's & dream. But when de clouds is pilin’ up at| evenin' in de west An’ all de outdoor critters stahis de tunes dey likes de best, De folks sits on de benches an' de chil- Jun on de fio’ An’ Eph'm tekes de fiddle down an’ rozums up de bow. He never plays no book-learnt tune; de music dat he knows Dar can't nobody study. simply grows; De kin' dat's trem’lin’ in de trees, th'oo out de Summer hours And sof'ly harmonizes wif de fragrance of de flowers, Den Mistuh Trouble goes & slinkin’ out. He dasn’ stay. De lightain’ bug fotch lanterns so's he couldn’ miss de way Dat leads him ff to No-wheres; an’ dis life seems good foh sho’ ‘When Eph'm takes de fiddle down an’ It's de kin' dat | One fixed prineiple is involved in this case that must be maintained. There must be no more street traction termi- nals or bus terminals in Washington. ‘With the elimination of the Alexandria line terminal at Twelfth and D streets an advance will be made toward this| desirable objective. Others will re- main to be treated later as opportunity arises. One of these is at Fifteenth street and New York svenue, another & short block to the south at G and rozsums up de bow. At & Disdvantage. “I never read what is said about me | in the newspapers,” said the sensitive | celebrity. “You miss a great dea eplied Sena- tor Sorghum. “A man who doesn’t know | what s being said about him is liable to | be much misinformed on the subject he regards as most important.” A Homely Sitter. “I don't know what to do about this it cannot be denied | la glaring through spectacles while you writhe over & set of questions you can- | In this charming study it makes not | the least bit of difference whether you | know anything or not! model in education everywhere. -Most | people have had a hunch for a long time that there is too much stress Every one knows that a year after | you have taken an “exam” of any sort you have completely forgotten every- | * koK * | thousands of his fellow men. Why Nature study is happy study, because | blame the cat so much? What it does it 1s & go- ou-please sort of thing, ’as Nature, t00. | And in the end it yields no pay, ex- | Mother Nature for what she permits cept in isolated instances. Many stu- |her children to do? Well, we may, if dents have managed to make it their | we wish, but we can be very sure tha | earned thelr bread and butter from it. | heard a word from the mouth of kind- They are like the earnest young schol- | ness over these thousands of years, ars who, taking up the study of French | L a bit more proficient at it than the Test | a rain which ought to be in Autumn, of their comrades. Hence they set | but is here ahead of time, flanked by themselyes up as “assistants” in their | gragually deepening shadows— the remainder | prayed for as @ relief from humid heat Much to their own amazement, 10| which made every lung breathe heavily doub§ they discover that they have | every mind perplexed. Now that the guage. weather, down' to 62 degrees, there are So it must be with such Nature stu- | many to quarrel with it and to long as dents who finally become the men and | feryently Jof & return of ~normal Bum. the books about bears, and the volumes | ygonge in which the human skin re- on butterflles, trees, flowers, etc. | joices! ~ The band of comfort is ot Mostly they recite only what eVery | mire than 15 degrees at the outside, do it in & capable and inferesting way, | t % {hrowing in & little new information, u;{"(‘;'n:‘,"":"gn:”:a;‘:;‘rm; ’:'m"n'd i pleasant is the from tinie ‘to’ finie. #o D glass, looking out &t the calm @rama of Jarge, that they will find their work ac- | g SERCTEER SHEUty o e day. CEPMATIRD PINE 4 i even more so than dawn. Somehow the The rainy evening that beats upon | 144ing light, the deepening of the shad- - ~ | tant sights, tend to ease the spirit and yhich ::::1 students take in everyday | fly S8t oI e s time all its own in To them grand moments are not | DEAUtY. : the small changes which have taken Though in company they may stress | the ecessity for Anotner war, in secret el o e e S e they know their talk js mostly biufr, | 4er tre leans a bit more than usual, does desire only the peaceful occupations of | locusts. Honest trees, all, they yet have the humdrum, ss it is called. i‘ short span. Despite their fough What s monotony, siter all, but | ¥0od. said to be the best in the world War is excitement, and peace js | and huge limbs break off in what do not quietness. Peace runs along to the |Seem 1o be very severe winds. same old tune—that is why it is peace. | Yet a tree is a tree, and here in the jce the human spirit must | become dimmer second by second, the ol s | great feathery locusts look every inch The commonplace s lacking in inter- | the trees they are. Not all trees can be Physical to overcome botn mind and | is well that there are in the world fast- heart. It takes the firm comanding | growing trees to lend their shade and mind to set the muscles in their places, | beauty, if only for a time, to the sub- may be all right, but you can get just | not all can live to be a hundred, but s much exercise out mowing that lJawn, | all can do the best they can, and Na- even if it isn't as exciting. ture asks no more of them. New England Republicans are rallying | with an overnight stop en route on the around with an idea of perhaps land- |Island of Jamaica. 1f emergency arises ing the Republican National Convention | he can get back to his desk at the paper in that section gravely editorial- | But if not sooner recalled, he plans to izes, “it seems that only two things spend a week at the Isthmus and then stand between Boston and the acquisi- | cruise northward in leisurely fashion 000 and the consent of the Republican |ting back to Washington the first of National Committee.” Neither is im- | September, That Mr. Richey is tax- mediately in sight. Meantime Senator |ing this brief leave of absence now is Massachusetts and Rhode Island to the | is quiet along the Potomac.” Inci- Democrats nmext year, a concession not | dentally, the secretary is one of the vet publicly indulged in by his con- | most recent converts to air travel, and dubicusness of the Republican outlook thusiast. in the Bay State cuts both ways as a * X ox % factor in the business of picking the| When Vice President Curtis suddenly | not answer. Surely that might be taken as a placed on examinations and the like. | | thing you knew, ahyway. | without rules or orders. Shall we turn around and lecture life work, and, if so, perhaps have | Nature will not hear us, as she has no: language in college, find themselves just | A cold, -drizzling rain of mid-August, junior year and help the professor tutor | = This is the moment an entire city become “experts” at the French lan- | relief is here, in the form of cool women Who write the bird books, and | mer weather.” Surely it is a very small reader knows beforehand: but if they | gv oS ("0 canitive souls. disposition of Nature students, by and | 8% SOL g By HIe S0 e of the windowpanes adds to the interest | OWS. the gradual blocking out of dis- noSMeary. One has time, at this period, to note that they do not want another war, bu; | it Bot? That is one trouble with the Peace? | for fence posts. they are very brittle, If it becomes tiresome, now and then, | gathering twilight, while flower borders est only when one permits the purely H oaks. How slowly the oaks grow! It and say severely, “The exercise of war urban scene. With trees as with men WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS for Boston. As one Republican news- | White House in similarly quick time. tion of the convention, the sum of $250,- | aboard a United Fruit steamship, get- Moses, in his latest interview, concedes rated as a pretty good sign that “all feres in Republican high councils. The in a jiffy became a tremendous en- convention site But on the present canceled his visit to Massachusetts late outlook Boston for a variety of reasons last week he had little idea of the havoc is certainly out of the running. The | he was raising with the social and po- bid of Atlantic City for the Republican |litical life of the State, particularly the convention long ago forecasted was for- | fashionable North Shore colony. Mrs, mally tendered this week to Chairman | Jacob Leandér Loose, wealthy widow of Fess. Atlantic City is distinctly in the | Washington and Kansas City, who was running and indeed the Capital abounds | to have been the hostess of the Vice in gossip that the Jersey comst resort is| pPresident and sister Dolly, had to recall virtually certain to land it. In the case | 350 invitations to & reception to have of most of those of the fourth estate,|been staged on her North Shore estate, who are prophesying Atlantic City, the | pesides several dinner parfies. Senator wish is father to the thought. Con-|Walsh of Massachusetts canceled & vention facilities there, both for busi- |luncheon and so on through s long ness and for ))le-sdure. btn'}:) for l:fl: 'ulmflnrlot events. The Vice Presi- stes, reporters and spectators, s ent's telegram of regret was received x‘mrly ideal as is possible to obtain | only a few hours before he himself had within tfe confines of continental|peen scheduled to arrive. Bay State United States. No decision will be made newspaper accounts said, among other there are several that are hotter—of depending upon the direction lof the wind, which makes a difference s to how warm it gets. Washington is nearly ideally situated as the Capital of the United States, and 1 give great credit to the Congress when | they selected this city to house the rep- resentative Government of this country. | foreign navy, and being close enough to (the center of population of the larger | cities, which means it will always be close to the money center of the world— New York Clt‘y, ‘The heat of this city is not opgr - ive, only when the humidity is high, ind I do not believe it will average the humidity that Philadelphia, New York City, Cincinnati, St. Louis and Kansas City will have Summer after Summer. Not trying to knock any particular city, I wish to bring out that this city is Pt by several cities. And I will name several that are famed for their world-wide resort status. Los Angeles has a very peculiar climate. If the weather is clear and the wind is from the ocean. it is perfectly delightful. But suppose you are on the beach, which is from 16 miles to 22 miles from the city, and & fog comes up; you are there with- out any heavy coat or wrap; you wish you were near a stove. And if the sky is cloudy in the morning, as it usually is, more or less, during the Summer, this is called & high fog. It is pretty cool, and you need a coat or wrap. But when you get an east wind, or a “Mo- jave,” as it is called by the natives, you experience a wind which feels just itke heat from a furnace, and if there i3 a duststorm, it makes the worst kind of ‘weather any human wants to go through in a lifetime. In Miami it is pretty nice when the wind is from the ocean, but if the wind s from the Everglades, if there are any mosquitoes in the vicinity, you will surely get your share of them about that time, and the weather is hot, but not to compare with several other cities I could mention. Coming up from the Coast cities, in the Eastern part of the country, if you have an inland wind, it is hotter than any humid day you have in this city in the Summer. Wh Because it is lots damper. The salt air seems to hold the moisture. The chief reason why so many of those visiting our Capital complain of the heat here is this: At their homes they are living in detached houses, with four exposures, so to speak, which makes all the difference in the world, because if you get all four winds, you get air or some kind of a wind. But suppose you have only a hotel room, & court room, with only one exposure. Don't you think that it would be lots warmer? In other words, the people that come to this city to visit a short time or to stop at a hotel or an apartment, with only one or two exposures, will notice the heat lots more than the ones who live in larger apartments or in detached | homes. |, Bo that is the biggest reason that the “Capital of Our Country” is called so | warm, because the ones that do not |live here do not get the same amount | of fresh air as when they are at their | homes. | And in conclusion, T wish to appeal | to every patriotic American not to knock | their only loved Wasbington, because it is not her fault they call her hot in Summer; it is only the mental con- dition of that person, because they are not as comfortable here as when they are at home, with all the conveniences to make them feel at home. I am, 'ELIX A. URY. R Food Now Surplus Will Be Needed Next Winter To the Editor of The Star: The same news that carried re- ports of peaches sell for 10 cents a bushel, wheat at 20 cents and cotton at less than 10 cents & potind shows pic- tures of starving children standing in line for milk given them Ly agencies to keep them alive. Our national leaders recognize the there is no littie concern on the part of the public at large over the outcome. ‘The tempet of our vast army of un- employed is hard to gauge, and it is going to be extremely hard to keep it within due bounds. Along about the time conditions get desperate this Winter, and after thou- sands of children have suffered perma- nent injury to their health tl h malnutrition and exposure, our relief agencies, both temporary and perma- nent, will raise emergency funds to try to stem the tide of widespread suffer- ing. With their money they will either go out into the open market and buy supplies at top market prices then in eflect or small monay doles will be handed out to distressed famil In other words, they will obtain a cents in value for every dollar they raise, and money is going to be hard prospects for one of ihe worst Winters | the country has ever experienced, and | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERI maintain headquarters in the Nation's Capital. 1If they can be of assistance to you, write your question plainly, and send with 2 cents in coin or stamps to The Evening Star Information Bureau, ‘MDHCCJ. Haskin, director, Washing: on, D. C. Q. Do Germans or Englishmen drink more beer, more spirits?—D. H. A, Englishmen are heavier beer drinkers and Germans heavier drink- ers of hard liquors. The per capita heer consumption of the United King dom is 77.4 liters, compared with 67.6 for Germany, while the English con- sumption of spirits is 1.6 i , com- pared with 2.1 for Germany. QGermans also drink more wine. England ranks first as a beer consumer, Austria sec- ond, and Germany third. ‘What i the origin of the expres- xln;; ghe hair of the dog that bit you?” A. When a man has had a debauch he is advised to take next morning “a hair of the same dog.” i. e, & glass or two of the tipple that caused the trouble, in allusion to an ancient mno- tion that the burnt hair of a dog is an antidote to its bite. Q. What is the controversy between Denmark and Norway over Greenland? —C. W. P. A. Greenland 1s a Danish colony Its trade is a state monopoly for Den- C J. HASKIN, Monurment, 550 feet above ground, shifted by expansion of the stone few 100ths of an inch toward the Q. Was Jack Dempsey's father (nAndt;‘ti:wr a fghter-G. E. B Q. Isn't Madagascar the largest islan inAlhE world?—8. D. E. A Madagascar ranks Guinea and Borneo. g e Q. Who has charge of marking his- ashington, D. C.7— A, The Permanent Committee on Marking Historic 8t eriet of Columbi; o e | @ When are deer born | rondacks?-—J. 8. A |, A. Usually in May—sometimes in | Iatter part of April or the early punmo: | June. The young fawns are spotted Wwhen born and the spots remain until about the age of 4 months. Young fawns, like & good many other hoofed animals, have ridiculously long legs and “ra' ln‘ige rnrs.vf They are usually under the care their mother A the spots disappear. i Q. Why is ne A-AP-B’: Y common brick red?— . ‘Because there is iron in the Ordinary white bricks owe their mchy. to lime. Lime and iron make a creamas (Olored brick, Brown_ bricks_contain magnesia and yel cnesia magnesia yellow bricks ma Q. What is the style called in | the gmétmomnn lmy:l'wthn s -.'a'n':‘;'f mark. The current dispute between the |y two countries results from the fact that as a result of an expedition the Nor- wegilan flag was raised at Myggbukta, on the Eastern Coast of Greenland. While the Norwegian government did not officially authorize this act, it did not express regrets. Denmark has pro- posed to submit the matter to The Hague Court. Q. Why do waiters wear white cot- ton gloves?—H. B. ¥ A. This custom harks back to the day of Louls XIV. In the Palace of Versallles the kitchens were 8o far from the royal suite that food was brought on heated heavy silver platters with dome-shaped covers. The footmen wore thick white gloves in carrying these dishes. As the court did, so also did its imitators. Q. Of the number Who are attending school in the United States, what per | cent is in commercial agd business school?—A. P. Of the pupils in school, only 1 per’ cent is accounted for in commer- cial and business schools. The kinder- gartens and elementary schools have 81 per cent of the pupils, secondary schools 14 per cent, and colleges and normal schools 4 per cent. Q what does Kalorama mean?—" A. It means beautiful view, Q. Why is the lom district of Chi- cago so called>—N. N. A. The business and theater dis- trict was so called because it lay within a_loop m“fl the elevated tracks which come the center of the city. . What is direct trade between nations?—S. D. A. This designation is given to com- merce between two nations carried on in vessels of either of those nations. ‘When conducted in vessels of other nations it is termed indirect trade. Q. Does the Washington Monument sway?—I. R. A. Very slightly. The sway is ren- dered perceptible by a copper wire 174 feet long, hanging In the center of the structure and carrying & plummet suspended in a vessel of water. At noon in Summer the apex of the | A It'is later Norman or Lombard |style of architecture, in vogue during | the last half of the twelfth century, Q. How much is spent by stamp | collectors annull)y?—ipef. P’ A. It is thought that about | 900 is spent by stamp collectors in the United States annual 000 for the entire been o d 3 figures with any m‘:} aceuracy. Q. When did allace Rudolph Valentino Serey, A° 1o, Wellace Rela_died 7a 23, an udoly Valentino qust 23, 1036 T e | .. Q. Please publish data cerning :.:heAul{;ny tree in Provlden::.n R. I— A. The Providence Journal says that on July 25, 1769, the liberty tree Providence was dedicated in front of Capt. James Olney’s house, on Olney now Olney street, by the Sons of erty. Among the lower platform was built from w! against England's rule of were made. Thy ‘down [lbout 1825, N Q. What is the Academie . The Academie des Jeux i is at Toulouse, Prance. The first fla‘: games were held at Toulouse in 1324, at the summons of a guild troubadours, who invited the their friends to assemble in the of “Gay Science” and recite their warks. In 1694 the Academle des Jeux Floreaux wn: c‘nmu;-:ud an academy by patent. present is espeeially | interested in Provencal poetry. | @ Was Buffalo Bill of royal blood?— !B P C. e e A. According to the biogra of Buffalo Bill compiled by his mwp: “rs, | Helen Cody Wetmore, the family ‘is descended from Milesius, a King of pain, whose three sons founded the rst dynasty in Ireland. The Cody family is descended through the son Heremon. Several members of the fam- | 1ly emigrated to America in 1747 and | settled in Maryland, Pennsylvania | Virginia. Buffalo Bill was born in | County, Towa. id and B. "died Au: | | Si | fu ;Mfalfa Bill’s N;w Campaign Emphasizes Evil in Oil Waste Public opinion, which at first was very critical of the actions of Gov. “Alfalfa Bill" Murray's use of military force in his efforts to maintain the price of ofl, has become more friendly. It is recognized that he is acting under | “Possibly he can sell his idea to some of the wheat-growing States,” thinks the Cleveland News, and the Rochester Times-Union asks: . “Why couldn’t Kansas do something to raise the of wheat, which is 25 cents on the and the Scuthern Governors do N thing to raise the price of cotton, which is less than it was in 1909?" The Lex- provisions in | in, Leader asks: “Is it, after all, the State conservation provistons and it is held that similar gton other States, especially Texas, would | just, or will it prove practical, to produce good results. The military ) ticaily cut production in this country T dras- phase of the situation is a subject for | while, as in 1929, more than 100,000,000 some criticism on the part of the barreis of oil public. | American_mari “The Interior Department of the |foreign fields? Government, in a statement by Acting | Chronicle points to the problem - Secretary Dixon,” according to the | volved in “the oil bootleggers, the fel- Fort Worth Star-Telegram, “places the | lows who pretend to restrict, but some- blame for the present oil situation | how or oq.gcr always have Knty of oil where it belongs. He says Texas is|to sell” and the Leuisville Courier. responsible for it. It hurts to have | Journal feels that martial law is ef Texas thus indicted, but it is difficult | fective against this type of bootlegging. to deny the truth.” The Star-Telegram | “Gov. Murray’s action is justified on concludes: “Whatever proves to be the | the ground of the necessity of enforcing #rom society for the remainder of their | Fifteenth streets. Both of these are content of merit within the spectacular | the conservation of the State's ofl re- to raise this Winter. matural lives justify the utmost punish- ment possible. Michigan was one of the piloneers in the abolition of the death penalty. Since it eschewed this degree ©f punishment, because of a single case »f injustice, it has been the scene of some abominable crimes, and of late years the people of the State have shown & desire to return to the prin- used by the same company. Some way should be found to effect a rerouting | iu{ the lines in & way to abate this | public nuisance, which is only tolerated now for lack of a solution. | A spirit of e ———— adventure naturally ani- mates the true aviator. If there were |no element of difficulty in their Pres- | ciple of capital punishment, The pres ent case is likely to intensify the desire, especially in view of the sentiments ex- pressed by Judge Sampie in sentencing ghe three men at Ann Arbor. The fee)- ing grows throughout the country that griminals are not adequately punished, dhat prison treatment is too moderate, | ghat too much consideration is paid o the inmates and that the parole and pardon privileges are too generously ex- {a term of imprisonment in New fended. This reaction is due in large | Mexico for receiving & bribe in con- measure to the great increase in crime | Nection with the leasing of Government #nd the belief that the criminal is not ofl lands to private interests, is based @5 readily cured of his evil tendencies um the fact that the judge who pre- #s the proponents of moderate treat- sided at the trial, the special counsel ment contend. representing the Government in that et —em trial, and the district attorney for the | District of Columbia, in whose juris- ! diction the case was heard, submitted recommendations against Jlemency in response 1o the usual inquiry from the Department of Justice. The clemency of the Executive is i only granted, under rules recently adopt- k‘h’:‘" gt lpeessy Just tssued, %€ | ed, when those fnvolved n the trial of es mcr i 4 Be closed from nine 0'clock at night f;:;““:""::!’":“u';m:‘:‘::‘::‘ until eight in the morning, beginning | 1" o0 - e ‘Baturday, 1o stop the flow of AmErican | ¢ reference to the Department of frafic over to Mexico in puironage of |y ice 1t he shou'd so desire, or with- gambling houses and other evil Tesorts | o rofurence by the Department of #hat have sprung up along the border, | 5. iice to the trial 4 watering almost entirely to trade from | Tpere bmmm‘“‘“" ki onit #his country. This action has been ..t favorable to the o ent enterprise, Col. and Mrs. Lind- bergh would notbe likely to enjoy the | trip. e — No Clemency for Fall. Refusal by the Attorney Genersl to submit to the President the application of friends of Albert B. Fall, former Becretary of the Interior, now serving It appears from a distance as if Bdi- #on has posted on his laboratory door & Dotice to his phvsicians that the patient 45 not to be disturbed — v——— Rio Grande Bridges Closed. 1 | sentence, and that the long in its execution, due to his and maneuvers, has nullified of !H ke : ¥ : a e il hi I i i : H i | ! i : ] ] £ i F H £ 44 i | gl H portrait,” said the artist. “CAn't you get the likeness?” “Oh, yes. But I'm doubtful about how far to go. If I don't make it look like him the critics will roast it, and if I do he'll refuse to pay for it.” As Time Passes. Each season has its special woe, Time somehow always heals the smart In boyhood man will stub his toe, In later life he breaks his heart, A Personal Peculiarity. The young man who prides himself on being original was talking to Miss Cayenne. “Your mother seemed very much amused at thst little story I told her Jast night,” he said, self-approvingly. “Yes,” she Teplied. “Ever since I can remember, mother has laughed whenever she heard that story.” Solace. Public questicns? Tell ye what! Them is puzzles, sure Never could make up my mind ‘What 'ud kill er cure, But I ain't & bit ashamed ‘Cause they bother me— Smartest men the country’s got Beems slowest to agree. “I takes notice,” said Uncle Eben, “dat de man who tells you how easy it | the railroads, according to Witness | i# 10 be contented wif sslt po'k an’ beans ginerly has as fine a appetite foh fricd chicken as any! - i S SRS Cut Everybody Else. Prom the Sioux PFalis Daily Argus-Leader. ‘The w‘:ot reductions inmabhc ex- unanimous—until specifi are cited. ¢ e ant Oklahomans, Prom the Chariotte News. In ¢ i | until the National Committee assembl | things, “the most tantalizing feature in the sudden upset of all these plans * X ox % was the lack of explanation beyond ‘im- From the pen of Thomas P. Wood- portant personal business which requires lock, one-time member of the Interstate | individual attention’ Mrs. Loose has Commerce Commission, now contribut- never had anything like this happen to ing edito? of a widely circulated New her in her long and brilliant social York financial journal, comes the fol-| career and she was much upset by the lowing penetrating diagnosis of our eco- | situation.” nomic ills. “By whatever road one xx o % chooses to exjdore the causes of the Twice in the space of a week Walter in December. l | { v, was that they operated on the th day in violation of the Ten Commandments and the law of Moses. He intimated that their present finan- cial straits was a manifestation of divine displeasure. Railroad executives. he said, were a !TMP(O{);‘OOG}& me Suspend operation of e railroads on Suh‘;ely, and their troubles would dis- appear. Rallroad attorneys' objections that Mr. Cooper’s statement was “argu- mentative” and should be ruled out falled to halt him. The commission as- world depressiom,” he writes, “one comes S Gifford, president of the American at the end of the road to two things. One 1s the treaty of Versailles, with its progeny, German reparations. and the other is the fall in commodity prices These are the foci from which flow th toxins that are sapping the economic vitality of the world. Unless some way found to revise the former that the war may be ended and to raise the Iatter so that debtors may be able to pay their debts, we may resign our- selves to a prolonged period of hard times and possibly sweeping social changes.” Debt cancellation has been anathema in Washington up to date. | Lifting commodity prices. on the other hand, has been universally espoused but a ghastly flasco. Once let it be dem- onstrated that the latter depends upon the former, there may be a complete change of front in high political quar- ters on the debt-revision proposition. * .k Purporting to reflect the viewpoint of the Methodist Episcopal Church South on the controversial secular subject of increased railrond rates, Noah W. Cooper of Nashville, Tenn.. held the floor at the resumption of rate hearings this week before the Interstate Com- merce Commission snd read into record & lengthy diatride in ition to & rate increase. The trouble with Telephone’ Co., has been an unsched- | uled visitor at the White House, been closeted with Mr. Hoover and has de- | parted without either. the financier or the President vouchsafing any informa- tion other than the ement of the obvious, namely, that “business condi- tions were discussed.” As U. S. Steel | has come to be regarded as the bell | wether of the stock market speculator, | 5o has American Tel. & Tel. over & long span of years achieved a premier | position in the affections of the rank nd file of the American investors as he acme of stability. A cut in its dividend, an eventuality so far avoided, | would have admittedly wide repercus- | sions. Recent market weakness of this Stock was said to foreshadow dividend | reduction, but this was met with au- thoritative denials that any change in dividend was imminent. It is easy to deduce that Mr. Gifford has reason to be intensely concerned with the pro- gram of the administration for help- ing business upgrade, and that Mr. | Hoover has reason to be intensely cor cerned with the dividend, wage and ex- pansion policies of the American Tele- phone Co. because of its position of leadership in Industry and finance. i * o ox % Every cloud has a silver lini so it |is sald, and the silver lining to ll'l‘l‘e cloud | that overhung Uncle Sam’s brand-new 10.000-ton, 8-inch gun, “treaty cruisers’ when it was discovered that they rolied | S0 1n & seaway as to be almost unman- | ageable, was the fact that the new | cruisers run from 200 to 700 tons per | ship under the maximum treaty allow- | able displacement. This tonnage lee- | way gives the Navy nt the chance to add anti-rolling fins, com- pensating ballast tanks, and further weight on deck to raise the signed this week .and next to_hearing | gravity, and other devices m‘i‘;‘&fi nté shippers who opposed a rate increase, overcome the pernicious rol propen- but had to the hearings once | sities, without hay dis or twice when immediate supply of | qualified as’ opposition wnnflu‘ was exhausted. * % % % Secretary " Richey, Mr, Hoo- ver's right bower at the te House, has been waiting four years to find the chance for a vacation holiday. It has come at last, and he is ng & unfulfilied desire 10 (Conyrisht. 1931) il The Book of the Year. ‘The regrettable thing is that surplus, seasonable foodstuff that 1s now being thrown away for the lack of a market cannot be reclaimeg and used to feed starving people in metropolitan indus- trial centers. If all the Community Chests and re- lief agencies in the country were or- ganized and would form a central purchasing bureau to contract with mills and canning factorics for deliver- jes this Fall and Winter, just think how many cans of peaches could be | bought for & dollar with peaches sell- | ing for 10 cents a bushel! Employment would result immedi- ately in the communiiies where this | raw material is raised and improvement would be noted all along the line. | Above all, surplus crops would be ab- sorbed. Under the circumstances the contract | material could be delivered sans fancy labels and packages, but just as whole- ;nmedmd sanitary as the best avatlable rands. Carloads of such provisions, if shipped into Washington to our Community Chest organization, would permit issue of rations and clothing in kind to re- lieve suffering. It would be a simple matter to warshouse and iss clothing and medicine are requi- sites and, if ded in sufficient quan- tities, suff would be reduced to & minimum. American ingenuity is capable of meeting any emergency, but it has a reputation of being profligate and wasteful. The time has come when we have to meet the mey without being wasteful or we will bankrupt the country. If concerted, intelligent ef- fort i mot used, we are going to see whole communities on the verge of in- surrecticn and riot and our body politic is in mighty poor condition o With- stand m\;‘c‘h of ? :lflorm spectfully, ROBT. F. JONES, An Actuary, Prom the South Bend Tribune. ‘The flaherm.lmhn ::;‘c;;cl:hl:bd that veraf cA average ok mce an_costs about hu.u a The Real Friendship Test. Prom the Gary Post-Tribue. It isn't so much the duty of having to listen to the returned vacationer’s ex- periences; it's the $5 touch until pay s ——— e Overstocked Now. gestures of Gov. Murray, they will be weighed by the public as action.” “With a barrel of crude petroleum selling for only half the price of a quart bottle of mineral water in & city drug store says the Cincinnati Times- Star, “there was point in the law passed by the Oklahoma Legislature closing the oil fields there umtil the | price mounts to a dollar a barrel With the Federal Oil Conservation Board urging Oklahoma, Texas and California to prorate their production, and with at least one leral cour sustaining the constitutionality of the Oklahoma measure, there is Warrant enough for the action of Gov. Murray in putting to effect, and using troops to do s “There will be no disposition on the part of the oil companies,” thinks the Oklahoma City Times, “to operate i deflance of a conservation law that has the approval of the Federal Court, and there is both economy and common sense in sending the soldlers back to civil life with as little delay as possi- . Oklahoma is an American State have been better for all concerned if Gov. Murray bad exhausted all civil before invoking martial law. | processes He did not, but, In fairness to himselt and the State he is sworn to serve, he should end military rule with & min! mum of delay. Okiahoma probably will profit, in the 1ohg run, by this suspen- sion of oil preduction in all the prorates . There would be a greater cer- tainty of this if this State could be jolned by Texas.” Recognizing that “our old friend, Al- falfa Bill, is & statesman pho prefers deeds to words, uis Times adds: “We may not al hissmethod, but there of his courage. * * * While experi-| ence in cotton and wheat shows that prices are not to be fixed artificially, the effect of the Murray attitude may have a different result because of its spectacularity.” The Charleston (8.C.) Evening Post sugsests: “However irreg- | ular AndB ‘unsportsmanlike accept engagements from other pro- ducers.” Pointing to what it views as a seri- e the situation, the Lin- thing t, he wouldn’ down nl):eh ofl o i | ditions | sources and of protecting the taxpayers’ | rights to and in oil revenues,” declares | the Manchester Union, but the Colum. | bus Ohio State Journal argues: “Mur ray can cut the oil flow in Oklahoma, but he cannot cut the flow in other States. Therein lies the weakness of his plan “If the shutdown idea spreads” in the judgment of the Dalles Journal, “it | will contribute as much to the reduction of the daily output as all of the sev- eral measures which the Legislature |may enact into law. No permanent control could be expected of voluntary agreement. That can only be assured y statutory regulation. But the move toward voluntary agreement holds some promise of ready conformity to any sound measure that may become law, with cheerful obedience to the authority that may be responsible for its enforce- ment. Charges of being the cause of | demaralizing any industry might be as Jjustly lodged against any section of the Nation that heat has growing. Car Rider Urges All Taxi | Fares on City-Wide Basis | overdone its wi | To the Editor of The Star: | 1 would like to call attention to one possible result of taxl vs. street car transportation. I have not seen it efore publicly mentioned. I live in zone two, have wife and |two children in high school. I make 12 trips on car per week, my wife about r week at 71, cents per trip, by taxis my bill for tion on same basis ‘weekly transporta- of rides would be CArS. It seems to me that taxis are being used at present in -n.l:rfllue Tole, they are not built for, traffic con- Jude their use as,