Evening Star Newspaper, August 11, 1931, Page 5

- GERMAN EPLBL | MARKS T2H YEAR Bruening and Dietrich Speak at Berlin’s Celebration of Constitution Day. By the Assoclated Press. L i ERLIN, August 10—The celebration | fl(‘evnlfltudonwd‘ly reached its climax| at noon today with addresses by Chan- | cellor Bruening and Vice Chancellor Dietrich on the significance of the twelfth anniversary S:utlhe adoption of an constitution. denburg, members of the cabinet and, of the diplomatic corps, including United States Ambassador Frederic M. Sackett, Chancellor Bruening called upon ail Germans to join in a three-| fold “Hoch!” for the republic. “This day, like a memorial day, is} one on which all party passions snb-} side—the day belongs to the entire Ger- | man people,” he said. Bruening Wears Iron Cross. chancellor, llike most of the par- | urx.';‘:nu. wore a Prince Albert. on| which was pinned the Iron Cross he| won in the World War. Ordinarily he | does not wear his decoration, and its appearance today was taken to indicate he wanted to show the Natlonalist op- goflflbn that he, too, served on tl'leh lefield. | !""Ell'hu celebration coves gt a time of | overpowering economic distress, which | exercises the severest strain_on our powers of endurance,” Herr Biuening | ntinued. coAs he sald this President von Hinden- burg, seated in the honor box, with President Loebe and Vice President von Kardorfl of the Reichstag flanking him on one side, and Minister of Defensz| Groener and Minister of Interior Wirth on the other, nodded gravely. The chancellor concluded with a plea that all elements in Germany desiring | to upbuild the nation join together to overcome the present difficulties. Finance Chief Optimistic. The address of Herr Dietrich, vice| ehancellor and finance minister, was; optimistic about Germany's future and was tem) with frank criticism of mistakes that have been made and a ‘warning egainst bolshevism. “The issue today,” he said, “Is capi- talism versus bolshevism. Whatever system is chosen can be justified only by fulfiliment of the task of making the people happy. With all its faults the present. system .i;e the best, but newi must be t: n.” p"ru::ere has been squandering of funds | in public administration, Herr Dietrich d«:?ned. Too many people have flocked to the big cities. Farming should be encouraged more, he said, adding that the voters have made too heavy finan- cial demands on the states and on the communities. On the credit side of the ledger Herr Dietrich complimented the nation for its_hardihood during the present crisis. “The real character of the German, as his attitude now shows, consists of pa-| tience, courage and confidence,” he said. Stident Delegates Attend. | He declared the -authority of the | President to be supreme beyond all| doubt, and he expressed the hope that | after overcoming the present difficul- | ties Germany might bring about re- vision of the peace treaties. i One feature of the celebration was the presence of delegations of student | fraternities in their brilliant uniforms | and caps. They stood at attentlon on | three sides of the plenary hall. Their participation was regarded hopeful sign by the government, since | the students have been particularly | identified with radical propaganda. | After the speeches ‘“Deutschland’| Ueber Alles” was sung, and Presideni | von Hindenburg, amid cheers of thou- | sands gathered outside, proceeded to' review the honor company of the Reichswehr drawn up before the Reichstag Building. Police Smart Under Loss. | The Berlin police, smarting under the loss of two of their officers in battle with Communists Sunday, had a celebration of their own in the Lust garten in front of the former Kaiser's palace. A program of sports and conecerts under the auspices of th: Reichsbanner Organization will be followed tonight by & torchlight procession and s joint gathering of authorities at a time when ® virtual state of siege exist in one cuarter of the city—the Von Buclow | Platz, Communist center. Prussian Premier Hopeful. Premier Otto Braun of Prussia, victo- | rious in the failure of the Steel Helmet | plebiscite, said in the newspaper Vor- | waerts th.t social democracy could ob- | serve the day with justifiable pride in having received ample assurance that the nation, faithful to the Weimer constitution, would now bend itself to the task of rebullding its economic sys- tem on a basis of law and order aimed at insuring a fair deal to all citizens. The Weimer constitution, ratifying the establishment of the republic and the election of Friedrich Ebert as its first President, was signed in the city of Weimer on August 11, 1919. It em- bodied principles found successful in other republican countries and extended the powers of the Reich in some re- spects while maintaining a federal sys- tem of government ‘When King George recently broad- | cast from Glasgow, Scotland, he spoke into a_golden microp) FROM 9 A.M. TO 11:30 P. M. EVERY COMFORT COURTESY CONVENIENCE IS AFFORDED PATRONS OF GLEN FREE ADMISSION AMUSEMENT PARK CRYSTAL POOL on | The War Those Who Set Disarmament Against Security Make Reduction Problem Difficult—Lord Cecil Reverses Himself on Problem in Short Space of 3 Years. This is the third of a series of five daily articles on the disarmament problem, particularly as seen from the German point of view, BY CYRIL ARTHUR PLAYER. Special Dispatch to The Star. BERLIN, August 11 (NANA)—Is disarmament always to be sot up against security? In sum, all the diffi- culties boil down to that. One group, naturally _including those with few jarms, believe that fewer armaments will bring great security. The other group fears that diminished defenses mean loss of security. It is the latter group, those who set dsarmament against security, who make the prob- lem difficult. Superdclally it looked a simple mat- ter for all the world to decide to adopt a lower schedule in srmaments. In practice it has been so difficult that| many & well meaning man hos, like { Lord Cectl, completely reversed h mselt within as brief a period as three years. For example, in 1927 Lord Cecil said: * *+ + it 'you limit the people who are In the fighting line you Imit the ggressive power of a nation. * * * I do not propose to limit them (the trained reserves) separately from the| regular army, but as part, for that pur- | pose, of the regular army. * * * We are agreed that the thing that matters from the point of view of the ageres- | sive force of the country so far as ef- fectives are concerned, is the number of trained reserves, and that is, there- | fore, the thing you have got to limit, end, if it may be so, reduce.” Limit Reserves azs Well. But in 1930 the same man seid: “We have no objection at all to limiting the number of the annual contingent, and I am = little sorry that my colleagues cf rmi into that question the question of trained reserves, which does not seem to me to arise at all in this question * * * If you limit the number of sol- diers taken into the army you limit in the only possible way. * * * You limit automatically, and as a consequence, | the trained reserves as well.” In 1927 Lord Cecil thought that “if | you fix your period of service at a year you are not reducing the efficiency of your fully trained soldler. * * * Do not Jet us feel too sanguine about the re- | I should have pre- | sults of our action. ferred to proceed by a more direct {method of reducing the actual number of fully trained soidiers. But in 1930 the same mind was con- vinced that “the principle of any pol- iey of limitation or reduction of arma- | ments, so far as effectives are concerned, must lie in the limitation of service * * * | if we can obtain a univers: ag:eement to reduce the period of rvice in the first instance to one year we shall have | made a great stride toward reduction | 50 far as military effectives are con- cerned. In 1927: “ * * * there are proposals * * * for what is called indirect limita- | tion, ie., limitation by limiting the ma- terial and so making the men mnot so efficient * * * Thavea preference * * *| for the idea that, if you wish to pro- duce a result, the best thing Is t direetly and not indirectly * * * But in 1930: “ * * * unless we can arrive at some system of limiting ma- terial as well, I do not think we shall hlve‘ done anything toward disarma- ment.” Another Change of Mind. In 1927, one of many similar state- ments: “ ¢ * * limitation by expendi- ture only would be inadequate as the basis for a convention. And a practical business move the limiting of expenditure is going to be the most effective ®ay in which you can Iimit the growth of material " Obviously if so sound and conscientious a friend of peace as Lord Cecil can find | his opinion undergoing such radical changes, the problem does not show that clear and progressive march to a solution the world has hoped for. Side by side with this conscientious befuddlement has proceeded the stub- born warfate of nationalism which is called “security.” Britain fought the war, presumebly, to retain her mastery of the seas, and at the end was obliged to yleld it to the United States. That is true, no matter what construction is placed on the Washington treaty. The United States can give its primacy reality when it chooses and England knows it Germany, in 1914, a powerful naval factor, whose growth in that direction was a basic cause for Britain's entente with France, and therefore a prime rea- son for Britain entering the war, now has only the rudiments of & new fleet, which must be definitely limited. y and Japan have introduced in 1930: * * * I believe that as | THE EVENING | for Peace Ibut whose character, even within those | limits, already gives nlarm to powers | possessing a much larger establishment |and resources with which to double it |41 necessary. France, which saw itself emerge def- | initely as the arbiter of the Continent, {and Italy, whose Fascism shaped & new and intensive nationalism, find them- selves in jealous antagonism, because they are neighbor states and border | | common waters and because both have |a serious stake in th= balance on in- | terest maintained in the Balkan Penin- |sula. There arcse from the mew situa- | tion” this |* v. 5. Determined to Keep Rank. The United States is determined to aintain ranking position commen- Firate with 1:s size, wealth, defense and | overseas - Pac needs. It is willing, however, to reguce the standard of that position in proportion as world security, | through common disarmament, makes that possible Britain wants to keep both a parity standard with the United States afid a theoretical unity of outlook with the Uni ed States which destroys consider- ation of any possible war between those powers and instead constitutes them a moral police power, working in unison, on_the seven seas. France wants to place herself. not merely on_paper, but, in fact, beyond all possible afiront from any quarter. She measures her needs solely on the physical facts of her frontiers and her neighbors' po.ential resources. She gives alarm to England by the growth of her submarine fleet, existing and projected; she gives affront to Italy be- cause she stubbornly rejects any parity. even theoretical, with any other con- tinental power; and she gives further uneasiness to Germany because it is intimated that the only basis on which France will endeavor {o meet the view- points of Britain and Italy includes temporary suspension at least of Ger- many’s building program — meaning. specifically, that work on the third pocket baftleship should be halted. France's Submarine Tonnage. Of these major contributions, Britain's complaint of the French submarine tonnage has been the least acute in public, but is not the least rooted in private consultations. The French- Italian dispute over parity is not only a question of tonnage, but reaches far into the hinterland and involves con- siderations affecting every power on the cortinent except Scandinavia and the Netherlands. Briefly put, two significant factors stand out from this summary: Security is a political word. It has no spirit of reconciliation in it. And neither Versailles, Locarno nor Geneva has been able. on the face of the situ- | ation, to change its form or meaning. The second grows out of the first. Political considerations take precedence over economic reasons, although the world ills are economic ones produced as_results of political acts The world has learned much. but Jeaders have learned little. Those who have learned lack the power to con- vince the majority. There i+ no single dominant voice to make articulate the anxious voice of the peoples. It is for these reasons, observers say, that, in spite of Kellogg pacts and numerable - conferences, _disarmament has lost ground, if measured by the initial impulse which drove the move- ment forward. 1f all the moions and resolutions_and plans looking toward the goal which have been placed before the League of Nations were piled on the League's council table, there would be sufficient material for a bonfire hot enough to melt the snow on the encir- cling Alps. Therefore, 1t is freely said, the preparations this time must be fool- proof. 1t the world fails at this coming conference, it is in a sad and treacher- ous plight. Definitions must be revised. words must take on new spirit, and somewhere, hopefully, must be found the large man. detached from the envies of the Old World, to do more than indicate a way—he must compel it. The finger seems to point toward the New World (Copyright. 1031. by the North Americar | Newspaper Allance, Inc ) Dancer Under Knife. CLAREMONT, N. H. August 11 (#) —Ned Wayburn, New York dancer, yes- | terday underwent a major operation st | Clarsmont Geners1 Hospital. Dr. E. M. | Fitch, attending surgeon, said the oper- | ation had been successful. Wayburn | had been under medical observation for | several weeks. - LOOK AT THIS Gen Willard Look for the Willard Sign of Your Local Service Station ‘TIS A JOY TO “SWIM-IN-IT” OR LOLL ABOUT THE SAND BEACH ADJOINING NIGHT SWIMS: AMID SURROUNDINGS BRIGHT AS DAY ADMISSION 25¢ FOR KIDDIES AND FOR ADULTS 50¢ WHICH INCLUDES SWiM, LOCKER AND TOWEL VALUABLES CHECKED FREE WASHINGTON 1146 19th St. N.W. uine Batteries BATTERY CO. North 0142 STAR, WASHINGTON WINKLER IS QUIZZED IN BANK ROBBERY Suspect in $2,500,000 Hold- | up, Hurt in Auto Accident, | Talks to Attorney. l By the Associated Press. CHICAGO, IIl., August 11.—Emery J. | Smith, special attorney for the Lincoln | National Bank & Trust Co. of Lincoln, | Nebr., said yesterday that Gus Winkler, | under arrest in St. Joseph, Mich., was | one of the men who robbed the bank of | $2,500,00" last year. | The Chicago attorney sald he talked Sunday with Winkler, who is mn & hospital seriously injured as a result of | an automobile accident which preceded his arrest. He would not disclose the | conversation, but expressed conviction | in Winkler's guilt. Three men are awaiting trial in Lin- coln as members of the gang, which numbered six or more. “Winkler is one of the toughest crimi- nals in the country,” Smith said, “in a class with Fred Burke, notorious bank | robber and gunman, who recently was | sent to a Michigan penitentiary for a life term after killing a policeman. We scoured the country for him in order | that our eyewitnesses of the robbery might have a look at him. Eddie La Rue, still at large, also is sought for the crime.” PROSECUTOR GKILLS WINKLER. Nebraska Attorney Says Suspect Denled Robbery of Bank. By the Associated Press. ST. JOSEPH, Mich., Max Towie, county attorney at Lincoin, | Neb.,, Sunday questioned Gus Winkler, & prisoner in a hospital here, regarding | to return to the practice of accountancy. the $2,500,000 rcbbery of the Lincoln | National Bank & Trust Co. in 1930, | Towle declined to reveal the result | of his interview, but sheriff’s official here said they understood Winkler had denied participation in the robbery They sald Winkler admitted to Towle | that he “knew where the bonds went” that were stolen from the bank. and also told the attorney that the ‘three men you arrested for the job were the wrong fellows.” A group of Nebraskans, said to be employes of the bank at Lincoin, were w see Winkler today in an attempt to identify him as one of the robbers They were accompanied here by Farley Young, assistant county attorney at Lincoln. The condition of Winkler and John Moran. his companion, also serlously injured in an accident, remained serious. Science Nordic Superiority Theory Hit in Migration Study. The Nordic superiority theory re- celves another body blow from Dr Griffeth Taylor of the University of Chicago. | He advances, to the contrary, in the current issue of the American Journal | of Sociology, a theory of the possible biological superfority of the Alpine race. and maintains that the expansion of these broad-minded people, whose homeland now is Central Europe, has beeen “the controlling factor in the his- tory of the world,” The spread of Poles and Slavs in the United States and of Ukrainians in Western Canada, he believes, may be a continuation of this expansion, which was 12sponsible in the past for the Manchu domination of China and the establishment of a Mongol empire in India. These people, believed to have origi- nated in Turkestan about 12,000 B.C., may have a physical ability superior to that of either of th- closely related Mediterranean and Nordic stocks in the matter of adjusting themselves to new | environments and changing conditions (Copyright, 1931.) Land officials have been investigating charges that government officials in Mindanao. Philippine Islands. are hold- ing vast tracts of land, while none is ble for homesteaders August 11— D UGUST 11 New Commissioner Sworn In INTERNAL REVENUE OFFICIAL ASSUMES OFFICE. was presented the credentials of Secretary of the Treasury Mflls f his office yesterday morning by Acting after having been sworn in by Frank A. RALPH E. SMITH, newly appointed assistant internal revenue commissioner, Birgfeld, Treasury chief cler] ‘The photo shows the Acting Secretary presenting the pepers to Mr. Smith. Mr. Smith. a natize of Wisconsin, succeeds Harris F. Mires, who resigned yesterday to Mr. Mires upon his retirem WOMEN'S SHOES LARGER, CHIROPODISTS TOLD National - Washington in 1932—Capital Dector Elected. Convention to Meet in By the Assoclated Press LOS ANGELES, August 11.—Take it from Dr. Walter V. Ramsburgh, Min- neapolis, some modern they have a size 11 foot and wear broad- toed, comfortable shoes which really fit them. Addressing the convention of the Na- tional Chiropodists’ Association, Dr. Ramsburgh said: “Ten years ago wom- en’s shoe sizes ran from 2% to 5. To- day they run from 5 to 11.” Dr. Joseph Dalyveld of Rockland, Mass., of the association. Washington, D. C., was selecttd for the 1932 meeting. women admit A number of gifts were presented —Star Staff Photo. ent. Washington: Dr. Louis Welss, Detroit, and Dr. Hell P. Smith, Indianapolis. Dr. Arthur R. Morely, New York, was | elected secretary-treasurer. BUTLERILINN 607-609 C St. Paints the wire cof all the screens in a seven-room kouse black. yesterday was elected president New vice presidents are Dr. George Scherer, jr, Los Angeles; Dr. John r. Kelley, Boston; Dr. Frank J. Carleton, West Chester, Pa.; Dr. Owen A. Penny, Save Money Now On This New Bathroom Outfit $52-1° Consists of “Beautiful New ‘White Enameled Tub and Lav- atory and White Vitreous Toilet Outfit, complete with 3—Branches—3 MAIN OFFICE“I5™6& H Sts. N.E. DOWNTOWN-6%&C Sts. S.W. BRIGHTWOOD-5925Ga. Ave.N.W. Today’s the day for a lunch with Post Toasties. Golden flakes of toasted corn— crackling crisp—hea ped high in bowls of ice-cold milk or cream. Delicious, you’ll say, delicious. And so refreshing. It's the wake-up food! So eas y to digest—so quick to release new energy to the body. And quick new energy is just the thing for big and little folks alike on scorching summer day: Serve Post Toasties for a wake-up 2 breakfast, a keep-cool lunch, a pick-up supper. Everybody knows how economi- cal it is to serve the wake-up food! A PRODUCT OF GENERAL FOODS CORPORATION © WASHINGTON'S FINEST MEN'S WEAR STORE! e Tomorrow at 8:30 A.M. Semi-Annual SALE OF Hart Schaffner & Marx Suits Save 259, to 400), Lowest prices in 17 years . . . Choose from every wanted fabric and style ... in every size. $45 & $40 SUITS 27 $60 & $50 SUITS *37 During this sale you are offered the product of the world’s largest makers of fine clothing —and the prices are less than today’s prices for unknown qualities. No Charge for Alterations Closing Out Summer Suits $19.75 to $25 Linen Suits. . . .$14.85 $25 and $23.50 Suits. ... . .. $35 and $29.50 Suits....... $35 and $30 Sports Coats. $18 & $15 Sports Trousers. $10 Sports Trousers..... Sale! RALEIGH * “8” SHOES 35.85 Semi-Annual Sale Never sold for less than $8 until this season. All styles and sizes In Black or Tan calfskins ........ Men’s Furnishings $1.00 Silk Hose..............55¢ $3.50, $2.50, $2 Neckwear. . ..95¢c $3.50, $3 and $2.50 Pajamas. .$1.65 MANHATTAN Shirts and Baae . .. T $750 Summer Robes. .......$3.85 $350 Straw Hats..........$1.85 $10 KNOX Panama Hats. .$5.85 Use Your Charge Account or One During - This Sale.