Evening Star Newspaper, June 13, 1931, Page 6

*dE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON., D. C, SATURDAY, JUNE I 6 THE. EVENING STAR With Sunday Mornln‘lladllllm. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY.......June 13, 1831 THEODORE W. NOYES.. The Evening Star Newspaper Company siness Office 11th St d Pennsylvania Ave New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t. Lake Michigan Bullding. g ‘Rate by Carrier Within the City. o Evening Star. ... The Benng Sl siey sis o e ine A Bunday SiaF he Krening and. Sun : B hen s BnansS) oo ... .65¢ per month The Sunday Siar 5¢ per copy o 60c per month NAtional 5000. Bate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Aarniand and Virginia. Daily and Sunday.....1yr.$10.00: 1 mo.. 85c Daily only ... 131 Bunday 1¥r. All Other States and Canada. Iy and Sunday...]yr.$1200:1mo. §1.00 Daily only 1yr. $8.000 1 m Aunday only 1yr. $5.00; 1 m only 34100; 1 mo.. 40c Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively en to the vse for republication of al 3 patches credited (o it or not otherwise cred- fted in this paper and also the local news published herein. ~ All¢ of publicatign ot Foectal dispatches hercin ure also rcsefved. tled Economy and the Navy. Ever since President Hoover pro- claimed his determination to cut Gov- ernment expenditure in every feasible direction, there has been some legitimate anxiety lest our first line of defense, the United States Navy, might unduly suffer. It is a reassuring statement on that score which is today fort from Secretary the Nav Far from retarding the development of the flect by needed new construction and replacements, Mr. Adams declares that suitable economies may promote the building of the Navy up to, or at of least toward, the London treaty limits. | That is a satisfying end a gratifying interpretation of economy program, in on naval def:nse is concerned. save money on o} lons,” Secretary Adams explains, might be per- mitted to spend money on construction.” New coustruction is urgently required it the Unit:d States is to approxima its building rights under the 1930 pact of limitation. Already a year passed since the London treaty ratified, yet no single step has been taken by Congress @ give it effect in terms of actual shi:s. A modest at- mpt made at the last session to appropriate $77.001,000 for six-inch gun cruisers, subizarines and an air- craft carrier, but the legislation was not pressed, and it went by the board. The result was that a full year and more was lost in the commencement of a program which looked to that parity with the British Navy which is the bedrock of American s:a policy. If the United States is to make up for lost time and maintain a steady parity far as its effect “If you ou was building pace, Congress will have to| priate some $150,000,000 for new truction at the next session. Other- wise there is small chance that this country can enter the 1935 naval con- ference with any real bargaining power—power to demand and obtain progressive limitation of naval arma- ments. 1f President Hoover and his naval ad- visers can lop off useless naval expendi- ture like the upkeep of “political ¢ck- 3 and liberate resultant funds for “treaty navy” purposes, they will bring about naval economics that the coun- try will understand and approve. Care will have to be taken that the economy wave does not wash too many trained men from the fleet's personnel. A country can build ships, but if it has not the right kind of sailors to man them, the efficiency of a fleet, no matter how modern and mighty its materiel, is Zatally handicapped. appr cor A Central Traftic Bureau. ‘There is nothing particularly new in the proposal for a traffic violation bu- reau which is now being studied by In- spector E. W. Brown of the Police De- pariment. Many other cities have sim- ilar bureaus and the National Capitzl bas had the plan advanced several times in the past few years. There seems to be fact that a central bureau for the dis- posal of minor traffic cases is desirable, but for some reason not discernible the plan has been consistently shelved here. Not only would the clerks and the various precincts be relieved of the work involved of keeping the records but traffic enforcement efficiency would be heightened by a central bureau where complete records could be kept. Cer- tainly the ide1 s worthy of more at-' tention than has been given it in the past, ' e — It comes to pass these davs that a beautiful girl clad in a scanty bathing suit and riding on a surf-board can advertise pre‘ty nearly anything. .. Z The Latest Capone Indictments. Life for Alphonse Capone and his merry men of the beer racket and other enterprises of a surreptitious nature in Chicago is at present ment after another. The smiling per- sonage with the scarred countenance is going to and from the court rosm at a rate to wear a path in the pavement as the Federal logal processes multiply. The latest ins‘allment of this series of charges came yesterday, ‘when Cepcne and sixty-eight of of his choice assortment of stronz-arm men and crooks were named in indictments charging s°me five thousand offenses against the prohibition law. It may be optimistic on the part of those who have been working on this case to say, 2s they have, that these indictments constituie a death blow to gangdem in Chicago. The cases have vet to be tried end, if convictions result, have to be appealed and thus pro- tracted over perhaps two or three year: But meanwhile there must be heavy bonds, and bonds cost dearly. And, furthermore, it is pointed out, the reve- nues of the gang have been seriously depleted of late owing to the incessant raiding of the Capone plants by Gov-| ernment agents and the wrecking of establishments where the product has been made. Until lately, it is com- puted, the gross daily receipts <! the sang have been something like $75,000, but this has been lowered to a much audler net revenue by the costs of cefense and of “proie‘tion” for the trucks that carry the goocs. Indeed, one statement coming from Chicago in this connection is that the Capone gang iz vigually insolvent. T All that has been done to: .. Editor| 45¢ per month | A e, at thie eiid'6f ‘each month | Orders may be sent in by mail or xrleuhm\rl $6.00. 1 mo.. 0c | heoming | Adams. | the administration’s | no controversy over tne | just one indict- | d the. isupprmlnn of Capone and his gang ! has been the work of the Federal Gov- | ernment. Chicago has not interfered with his career in any way. His racket is not only that of controlling the beer business. He has been engaged in a wide variety of side lines of blackmail {and squecze. His agents have, it is quite definitely known, committed mur- der in the execution of rivals and “dou- ble-crossers.” But neither Chicego nor | Cook County has menaced the freedom of any of the gang by prosecution, tie whole job of coping with this organized crime syndicate being left to the United i States Government. { leader himself, if trial leads to conviction, might result in a sentence of thirty-two vears' imprisonment and a fine of $80.- ! him would, upon conviction, justify the imposition of a sentence of two years in addition and a fine of $10,000. The public hope is that Capone will be t Ifirst, and speedily, on the income t charges and given the limit, with later attentlon to these present indictments, | which, however, would give him plenty |of congental company in prison. - —— The Railro2ds’ Request. The requcst of the raiiroads for an in creass of fifteen per cent in their {reight rates doubltless will be given prompt at- {tention of the Interstate Commerce { Commission when it receives the peti tion, The roads will ask for the in- ! crease es en em | the drastic reductions which have oc curred in their earnings since the bus s depression set in. The commission will, it may be expected. con- { sideration the Nation | which now prevails, with bu ing to siruggle back to a better position Whether improved conditions for the I entire business structure, including the | raflroads, can be effected by increases in freight rates at this time is decidedly a problem. take in vide css S {have been forced too low in recent | vears, depression or no depression. They urge that had these rates not been brought so low they would not now be in the str: find them- H 5. gue, al au | the reduction in raiiroad {road crediis fa | with railrcad security o | greatly from the fajlure of the roads to | earn and to pay dividends. They pic- | ture a s be forced later into ceivers and bankrupt | point out that unde !'act the Congress fixed five three- fourths per cent as the earnings to which the roads are entitled, and that the | Interstate Commerce Commission is in ! duty bound to see that the rates are so !adjusted as to make such earnings possible. | On the other hand, it is obvious that, | no matter how high the rates might be set by the Interstate Commerce Com- | mission, 1f there were little or no busi- ness the roads would earn nothing. It | has been demonstrated again and agiin ! that a bigger volume of business at low prices brings greater earnings than a | small volume of business at high prices. | Such a demonstration is found toda | the increased sales of department stor | throughout the country, with pric much lower than they were two yvears or even a year ago. The general public, which [ ratiroads and which needs their ser | naturally will look with sympathetic in | terest upon the plight in which the roads find themsclves today. But the general public, and business the coun- | try over, have been taking their losses | for many months as a consequence of { the depression. ‘The railroads have also | taken their losses. But how an increase in freight charges upon business at this time can aid in bringing an end to the business depression is not quite clear. It is true that the roads are grea® pur- chasers of all kinds of goods. But if rates go up, is there assurance that | the roads will undertake to buy in greater quantity? The srguments ad vanced for the increases would rather incline to the belief that any increased revenue would be used to pay dividends | to stockholders interest on bonds, rather than that it would be put into | added equipment for the roads The chances that the Interstate Com- merce Commission will agree to a blanket increase in freight rates at this time would nct. under all the c stances, appear bright. But that is a {matter which the commission itself will have to determine. The decision of i the railroads to ask for the increase comes as & surprise, in view of the fact {that the opinion of the executives has by no means ers suffering nands of re- Further, they the transporiation the um- been | advisabllity of secking these increases Some of the railroad executives have been lowering rates to meet competi- tion from truck and waterway carrier and pipe lines. They do not believe that they can gain more business by an increase, and they fear that in- creased rates may take from { business which they now have. Doubt- |less there are individual-freight rates i which need adjusting and which would under ordinary circumstances warrant an increase. But the roads asking for such increases. asking for a general inc to raise all rates by fifteen per cent. It is urged that they would not exer- cise the right to increase all the rates. But they would have it, nevertheless. They are e e Col. E. M. House declares the people " of this country are looking for a Demo cratic President. Some citizens con- {tend that they will still be looking on | March 5, 1933. o In Reverse. bitlons than that of the Abilene, Texas, mean, who is setiing out to walk around the world backward, it must be admit- ted that he has at least a sense of humor, and that carries a man a long {way in life, backward or forward. is difiicult nowadays to ailract atten- tion to one's self. Novelties of a lit- tle while ago have become common- places. Eccentricity has lost its power te gain notice, short of some positive and outrageous defiance of the social laws. There was a day when a man could gain a little brief fame by roll- ing a peanut over a long course. Wheelbarrows were leng since dis- counted. Mere pedostrianisme—it has come to be siyled hiking—is hardly unusual because most roadstors rely upcn passing motorists for aid. Which brings up the question of whether the Abilens man will permit himself to be The income tax charges against the | 000. The offenses now charged against , ney measure to meet | situation ! The railroads argue that their rates heavily, | tion in which the roads may | uses the ! raflway | unanimous in the recent past upon the | them | are not | se, the right | While there are more laudable am-; I | {gien a 1t now and then and if, tn | such case, he will ride backward in the car. If this man has something to sell that is unusual perhaps his backward- walking stunt has some advertising merit. But how ebout over-seas? How will the French people, or the Germans, and particularly the Russirns, if he should go in that direction and that { far, regard the spectacle of a salesman | who reverses his gears and backs into town? Even, and indeed espectally, if he has no merchandise to offer, the spectacle of the stranger slithering slong the road in the wrong direction is likely to arouse susplclons regarding | the sanity of the performer. He might |be held as a possible enemy of the state., Another question arises in this con- nection. How about the trafic nui- sance constituted by a backward walk- | |er? Jaywalking is bad enough when ! the faces of the erratic pedestrians are tusned in the right direction. Surely there are perils enough on the road now without adding a reverse performer to the pave. Maybe there is no need of concern. Perhaps the freak will not persist. But whether he goes two hundred miles or mercly twenty, or two thousand or just a few score, he has got his name and | his picture in print, and that is some- thing worth while to one who evidently is saddened by the sameness of life and who seeks a bit of spotlight, before oing ba to work at the soda foun- tain or the cultivator or the type- | | writer. [ ) ition forces declare that on saloons would have to be | hin the next year if enough | re to be sold to raise that bil- {lion in taxes that Uncle Sam is now not tting. Why? The: growler was shed by hand in the old days, and | now we have commodious rumble- seats, Anti-prol two mi i opened w R The danger of conflagrations from metcors is very slight, announces Dr. | William J. Fisher, Harvard astronomer. That is highly comforting, but it need | not mak: us any the less careful about | clgarette butts, cannon crackers and | rting the kitchen fire with kerosene. —— - d M. Harkness and his wife | t been cordially received by King Geerge and Queen Mary. The first thing one knows they will be con- | i ing a quadrangle or a tower to | Buckingham Palace or Windsor Castle. | | - ———— They are gotting the hooks into Al | | Capone and other wealthy ta dodgers. Now Presid:nt Hoover is told that our | old friend beor has been holding out on | the Treasury to the tune of a billion a year, ———— aver that the affinity | between sensation and | s is closer than is generally sup- | A Jot of trouble seems to come from persons who have the idea that | they would like to be sensations, S, Arctic and subarctic glaciers seem to b: hoarding their icebergs—at least no | bergs have reached lanes of transatlan- | tic travel so far this season. Perhaps ! he depression is passing away to the northward. The by m last J | nounces. Psychologists which exists 1 ——— iness depression hit the bot- nuary, Dr. Julius Klein an- Perhaps certain concerns and cortain stocks did not realize this and ' egan Innocently to bore a little bit | deeper. g If England were a really up-to-the- | | minute nation, she would change the | {name of the official country residence | | of her premier from “Checquers” to ! Backgammon.” i | | Secretar; Stimson, who obtalned an | b norary degree by a commencement ! | speech over the radio to the college | | conferzing it on him, is now almost in | the correspondence-school class. | SHOOT: ING STARS. N BY PHILANDER JONNSON. The Present. ! Astronomers explore the sky, | Each with wise, inquiring eye, ! And gravely some of them declare, | “Men like ourselves reside up there, | “Men like ourselves, | fears, Counting the seasons and the yedrs, | Pleading for happiness and life, | And wasting both in hate and strife.” | with hopes and | So why should I attempt to trace | These explorations into space, Since this small planet where I live Holds all that other orbs can give? It is enough, as best we may, To serve our present place and da. In gratitude a world to know Where children laugh and flowers grow. Alert Attention. “Don’t you think you ought to quit | work and take a rest?” “Don't suggest it,” said Senator Sorghum. “Just now nothing makes a man in public life more restless than | the idea of quittihg work. Jud Tunkins says in’ looking over our | friecnds we're apt to be far-sighted for | the faults and near-sighted for the virtues, | Nature's Music. The birds once led in rustic song, And then the locust came along And with his wild incessant. blare Completely jazzed the whole affair. The Restless Mind. “You ought to take a day off and go fishing.” “No,” answered the constant toiler; | “I'd rather stay in the office and think | about fishing than be out in a fishing boat thinking about work." | Prismatic. | There are now so many “isms” | Tinging the affairs of man That we seem to look through prisms As this busy world we scan. Some are “blue” and some are “yellow, Some are “green,” it has been said. But the worst of all's the fellow Who turns out to be a “red.” “A man dat never shows loss of temper,” said Uncle Eben, “is liable to wrn out to be some deceitful. As Usual. From the San Antonio Evening News. Self-government is on trial, asserts George W. Wickersham. “Oh, well, the Jury probably will disagree! | i | Point, revised the r ! United States an THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Praise accorded a recent series of articles on birds in this column has surprised as well as pleased the writer here. People in all sections of Washington have written in, telling their own ex- periences in watching tte birds. There seems to be no section of the city or suburbs that is not well sup- plied with songstere, and no place where people are not interested in them. One lady in Southeast Washington writes as follows: “Having followed your interesting column for several years, please allow me to express a few words of apprecia- | tion, especially for your articles on humming birds, flower gardens and books. “The humming bird put in appear- ance in our garden about a week ago. Did you ever see one alight? More than once last Summer ‘e’ perched on our clothesline while we watched breath- lessly for what seemed several minutes, though it was probably onds. Often | they come in pairs. I love them. “The morning after your article about the earliest bird I woke in time to hear | the first one, and without concentration | the night before, cither. They make | enough racket with their twitt | Sometimes they are destructiu seeds and choice morsels in th tender leaves and buds, much to our dismay. 1 saw a cardinal for the first time this Spring. It is an interesting subject. | “We ‘simply ‘devour’ your articles on flowers, my husband often profiting b them. ' You should see the three gar- deners—the neighbor on either side of us—when they get out in the evening. Mr. has a little of everything in nt a great deal of This is the sccond year for our ab h you wrote “I kave been watching for a of “The Good Companions,’ read after ‘Angel Pavement.’ both tery m ‘eview' hich I Enjoyed , and found Priestle use of words in the latter m: triguing. Mr. C - reads many of the biographies and works historical that you recommend, but theyre a little ‘deep’ and too ‘high-brow’ for me. All in all, we find your column very, very interesting indeed. and 1 just wanted you to know it. Very truly yours, “D. M.'C IERE Here is one about a cardinal bird in Northeast Washingto esting. an the on: getting such a thril in my Dr of my thought th v por n Fleet climber when 1 have right to this nest, cm timid at me to the ly turned and ‘the all. The beautiful m nest this morning and appar the esgs in the nest. “Do ycu have any m pair have built in a n on the gzrage for sever male sings all night them i Very truly yours, “0. V. D" hington is represented the Racquet Club, as fem: cking birds? A Northwest W by & note from follows: “Just a word on your early bird story tonight. I read it thrce times. It's almost & prose poem. I guess you are a peet writing prose. Anyhow. m gratulations. No dou articulate. Good luck to the Barefoot Boy. I think that's a good nickname for you. s.J. H” D. 8. S. of the United States Soldiers’ Home sent a copy of an interesting article from the American Fruit Grower on the Japanese Quince es an orna- mental bearing edible fruit. Mostly the European Quince s thought of for fruit, but the article states that under some conditions the flowers of Cydonia are followed by fruits. * K oK X The love for birds evidently goes back to the childhcod of the human race. We believe the psychologists call this sort of thing atavistic. ‘The love of trees, for instance, is said to date to the earliest days, when the great god Pan roamed the forests. Eryant was more than poetical when he said that “the groves were God'’s first temples.” Each tree was thought to have a spirit, some helpful, some inimical. Those who have delved into such | matters assert that the modern habit of “knocking on wocd” is nothing more than a superstitious effort to propitiate the evil spirit of wood. The use of holly and ‘mistletoe and such things goes br to legendary times. 1. wil be recalled that the Druids, aneient English mystics, made much of the oak tree. There are few persons who do not love the poem by the young lost poet ending: “Poems are made by fools like me, But only God can make a tree.” Nothing 50 arouses the ire of hun- dreds of city people, particularly in hington the destruction of shade s to make way for progress. Many hone:t, law-abiding almcst become tics on the s of trees, end thus touch re of conduct of the human race. * their homes in trees are sacred creatures to countle: millions. all of whom might be willing to admit that there are aspects of re- ligion almost in their devotion to them Jesus and St. Francis noticed and poke of them. There are few human beings who at some time or other have not loved the birds and found great pleasure in watching them A good pair of binoculars is a help. ut are nct necessary for the ordinary enjoyment of bird study. This is a study which is not at ail like school lessons In the so many fan pe instead a go- to the feathered not alway the opportunit th, me. 1t is one which most persons t.c sense take to very readily is a la 1 birds, intere vho always likes to read ebout what he is interested in, b2 it golf or rock gardens, tennis or birds, chess or gardening, will find that muc devotion and good, hard work on what to him ure of the Summer days. e le question that r birds to watch this year Most of us will think that ible. There are r, although per- den will have fewer kinds A few birds, however, are to the bird lover, : had either ¥ or time to spend upon . is but an heps each g than befor great de Statue of Jefferson Davis Emphasn es Double significance % attached by the | Nation to the dedication of a statue of Jeflerson Davis. only President of the Confederacy. It is a tri sissippl to one wh South, and its place in Statua 1 at the Capitol is a symbol of the feeling of the public that. looking back over a period of domestic strife, it should be proud to recognize the services of a talented Senator and Secretary of War In the days before the Civil War, it is recalled, the, Confed: leader was conspictious in administrative and legis- | lative acts. He had been a bri the United States.” says Leader, “and, like Gen. L wall Jackson. went with the So cause he really felt impelled to do so by symphathy end by reason. * * * What the Northern peopl as rebel- lion was not so considered by ers of the Confederacy. the Southern States to secede if it best s and was agreeable to their people, 3 fought long and gallantly for a cause which they believed to be just, and efterward in a remarkable way adjusted themselves to the new order.” Pointing out that “London has a statue of Washington,” the Chicago Daily Tribune states: “Mr. Davis and his acsociates contributed to the solu- tion of a question of organization the United States which p.ol bave been arrived at defi the way it was—by force. cither in the Union by its own consent and during its own volition or it was in without expectation of separation. Un- til there was an answer to that, the integrity, the form and the substance of the American Republic was involved in every contentious election and in every significant piece of legislation proposed or enacted in Congress.” | * ok ok ok contributed a notable part that the | Nation was welded,” declares the Tea- | noke World-News, recaling also that "~ Secretary of War he superviced for th Government _the building of the ver wing of the Capitol in which his statue now standg” The World-News records | that “with' Lee as superintendent he re- | built the Military Academy at West ulations of supply | for the military forces, and for the first time established in the Army of the organized Medical Corps.” and that “it was while he Was Secrefary of War that the peace-time policy wis adopted of turning over large engineering and construction projects to | : the War Department as a policy fol- | lowed a half century later in construc- | tion of the Panama Canal.” The Lynchburg News finds interest in the fact that “he reorganized the | Army and appointed officers who in the | great war soon to come won high place,” and that “to call the roll of the great generals of that conflict is almost to | call the roll of Davis selcctions for im- | portant Army posts.” The News calls him among the ablest men in the Sen- te and as Secretary of War one of the | reatest. ‘The President of the Confederacy was a leader of integrity and power,” | avers the Hartford Daily Times, while | the Boston Transcript, referring to Ken- | tucky's interest in both Lincoln Rnd‘ Davis, remarks that “he bore in char- acter and quality some traits that were like those of Lincoln.” The Transcript | adds that “both were men of high ideals, both were statesmen and each one left & heroic record. (Mass.) Union pays the tribute: South loved and still loves him for his constancy. The North, though still holding him to be in the wrong, has learned to respect him for the courage of his convictions ‘The Schenectady Gazette says: “In honoring the leader of the ‘Lost Cause,’ the honest and able head of the Confederacy, we pay tribute to the man who adhered to his prin- ciples in shaping his life’s course.” With expression of sorrow that he “died a man without a country,” the Raleizh News and Observer offers its estimate of the place of the Confederate leader: “The figure of the great Mis- siscippian stands where he ‘commanded listening Senates,’ near by the depart- ment where as Secretary of War he ren- dered distinguished service to the Amer- Personal Traits ican Government conduct War. By ever Federal Governmen peers of the N otion to the stands with his h and Seuth.” * o ox % “The turmoil of the Civil War." says the” Houston Chro: “recedes into e misty past of our history, iigures of the men who rode the whirl- wind and directed the siorm become clearer with the passage of time. Tt belong to the Nation now—all of th And of that group of Southerners who gallantly drew blade in 1861 Jefferson Davis was first. His sword was sheathed in the long years of civil strife, that sword which and Monterey, but i heady courage inspi the Confederacy. * served as Pre was, four years of sorrow and harrow- ing responsibi! The end found vin dictive and enemies crying for blood. left him master of his fate and dignified in the face of clamorous abuse. TEe memo of Jeflerson Davis teday ‘emains sweet in the h of those who knew and loved him—a memory to be revered for ccuntless centuries in the land of his birth, symbol of a cause wiich remains dear to the South—a cause which will be re- membered as long as history lasts. Jef- ferson Davis, soldier, statesman, South- Mer, posse of the few, the immortal names, which were not born to die” “After the soldiers of North and South have together fought a foreign foe in both Spanish and World wars,” com- ts the Eureka Humboldt Times, “a administration accepts a statue of the man who once personified to the Northern States the hateful doc- irine of secession and has placed it in Statuary Hall, while no one offers a es The Memphis Commercial Appeal states, “Tha action of the United States Government in accepting for immortality those of her sons who placed their consciences and their con- ception of right above all hope of na- tional glory and above even their lives should guarantee that such a gov ment would outlive metal and stone. “It fs good to know,” asserts the Phil- adelphia Inquirer, “that less than three- quarters of a century after the Civil War we can calmly discuss the men who participated in that dreadful tragedy. Statuary Hall tells its own story. When we consider statues of Lee and Grant and Davis and Lincoln facing one an- other in that small rotunda of the Capitcl we conclude that the war be- tween the States is truly over. It is not too much to cherish the hope that the Union which survived those four tragic years will be imperishable.” ——r—e—— Safe for a While. From the Des Moines Register. Corporation farming, it is generally agreed, is bound to make much further inroads in the wheat belt in the next few years. But what of the corn belt? Must Towa also submit to the insti- tion of factory methods on the farm the armies of * "+ Four years he | and the consequent depopulating of the prairies? Must the rural homestead be- come & thing of the past? As far as the corn Tegion is con- cerned, there is little cause for im- mediate alarm. Farming in Iowa Is so diversified that the institution of large-scale production would be less practicable than in the cultivation of wheat. The 75,000 and 95,000 acre farms of Kansas and Montana are un- likely to find counterparts here for a long time. It is true, of course, that corn rais- ing is becoming more mechanized by the use of four-row planting and culti- vating equipment, the two-row corn picker, and the new corn combine. which picks, husks and shells the corn and cuts i grinds the stalks all at the same time. But in live stock production, on which most Iowa farm- ers depend for part of their, income, there has been no important labor- saving invention ezcept the milking machine. And ba king sti'l requires a great deal of hand labor. d flashed at Buena Vista | wise counsel and | dent of the nation that | For he was and is a | have | [ then yet the |t | | | of the city of Chrster nearby. | than 1931. THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover A dome-shaped, red velvet pincush- fon, whose “shape and size were those of a blancmange for not less than eight people,” with its lower edge cov- ered with “a floral pattern worked in white glass beads, slightly opalescent,” wes made by the wife of the headmas- ter of Wellington College for the use of Queen Victoria on tne occasion of her visit to the college after the death of tne Prince Consort, who had been chairman of the Governing Board. The headmaster was E. W. Benson, later Bishop of Truro and still later Arch- bishop of Canterbury, and he married the wife who made the pincushion (when she was only 17. Their son, E. F. Benson, tells the story of the pincushion in the opening sentences of his delightful book of reminiscences, “As We Were: a Victorian Peep Show.” Although the famous pincushion had also a royal crown done in beads on the top of its dome, it is uncertain whether Queen Victoria ever used it on that visit in 1864. She arrived in a landau from Windsor, clothed in the deepest mourning; she walked about the | school buildings and esked concerning all the domestic arrangements; she “wept a little over tke foundation stone of the chapel, which had been laid by the Prince Consort”; she visited the | fifth and sixth forms and shook hands | with all the boys; she went into the Benson nursery and kissed the three | small children” there. Then she was taken to the best spare bed room, which 1 bud been made ready for her, “to make herself tidy for lunch.” 1In the bed room were “smart bows on the sup- ports of the locking-glass, and a cas- cade of ornemental paper shavings in the grate, like the skirt of a smart lady whose body and head were up the chim- ney, and ‘a czn of hot water with .a woo!work cosy over it, ar-d on the man- telpiece the pink glass goblets and a i melachite clock, and on the dressing table that wondrous pincushion. The door was closed and no one ever knew whether or not the Queen took & pin from tine cushion. After lunch she planted & trce and then returned to Windsor, W e g T! episode of the Qu2en and the pincushion is but one of the many V torian memories of Mr. Benson. Glad- stone, Queen Victoria and Tennyson fig- ure in the chapter “Three Monum-ntal | Figures.” Mr. Benson was often at Hawarden, shortly after taking bis de- gree at Cambridgz, as he was doin archeological work on the north wall He tells many sonal anecdotes of Gladstone and concludes: “Nothing can make me believe that a person like Mr. Gladstene was not of some higher voltage of power mora ministers.” y awkward and brusque being captured by a| young lady of soulful temperament, at | a count beside her h Dead silence | fell: she was far too rapt and reversnt and overpowered to speak, and he had nothing to Suddeniy he found something . and he pronounced these appe ords, ‘Your _stays 1 The lady fi:d to the ity of more ordinary people, but Tennyscn b gan to reflect and his con- fence tiubled him. He stalked her, she dodged and doubld, but he finally closed in or ed c r pardon. It was m. In 1887 Mr. Benson drove with his father. chbishop of Canterbury, to the service, on the occasion of the 's jubilee. After all the kings 1s and princes and_ prin to Abbe, the the in up and a write blazi velvet 4 been to come lik Ar “As We Were"” is called ** o and gives rem- y Croit affair. or 4 in which the Prince of Wale.. Edward VII, was involved, and the Oscar Wilde scandal The former placed the Prince of Wales, rgely through the efforts of his ene- in the light of an encourager of cambling. He was the victim, Mr. Benson says, of an episode at a country house in which, at a baccarat game, one of the players was discovered to be cheating. The affair, through the fail- | ure of some of the players to keep a pact of secrecy, entered into when the man who had cheated at cards signed a declaration never again to play cards for money, eventually came into the courts. The prince was summoned as witness and the newspapers of the| orld held him up to condemnation as | a gambler. He felt that he could not cefend himself in the press, but he wrote a leter to the Archbishop of | Bonson's father, setting forth views on gambling, which | stated: “I have a horror of gambling and should always do my utmost to| discourage othcrs who have an inclina- | tion for it, as I consider that gambiing, like intemperance, is one of the great- est curses which a country can be in- flicted with.” The view of the prince, the archbishop, and Mr. Benson him- self, seems to be that “gambling was | playing for stakes which a man could not afford and had no business to risk. | * '+ = Gambling is not an absolute to be defined by one fixed set of figures” Of the Oscar Wilde scandal, Mr. Benson says: “A very re- markable lit>rary inter both directly and indir attaches to it and to the sivage punishment to wkich he was sentenced, for they were among the causes which combined to establish his ! reputation as a writer and a_dramatist, and caused it to soar, especially in Ger- many and Italy, to & height which it is | most improbable that it would ever have reached otherwise.” xR ok K America’s fulure prosperity is more closely linked with the Far East than| with Europe, according to J. B. Cond- liffe, reseal secretary of the Insti- | tute of Pacific Relations, in his reading course, “The Pacific Area in Interna- tional Relations,” just published by the American Library Association. While the United States is trading less with Europe and more and more with the a term, nor Orient, China and Japan are also buy- ing less from Eurcpe and are instead purchasing and selling more in_North America. Japan’s exports to Europe, Mr. Condliffe points out, have dropped from 71 to 54 per cent of her total ex- ports. Australia and Indla are ex- porting less through the Suez to Europe and are dealing more with North America and Japan. “Trade is passing from the Atlantic to the Pacific.” As this trade brings into closer contact widely different cultures and conflict- ing ambitions, Mr. Condliffe indicates that problems are resulting which are 50 new that many Americans do not even realize they exist. These are dis- cussed in Mr. Condliffe’s booklet which is available at public libraries. * K K * “Green Hell,” by Julian Duguid, is a story ot jungle adventure in the dense forests of Eastern Bolivia. There a Bolivian, two Englishmen and a Rus-| sian found a hell of poisonous insects, | thirst, hunger, floods and stalking In-, dians. Natives warned them that they would never emerge alive from the tangled green jungle which looked so cool and tempting but which concealed so many kinds of death. They did come out alive, however, after many an adventure which almost, but not quite, ended fatally. * K K “Kalchalola or Mighty Hunter” is | the early life and adventures of Dr. Sidney Spencer Brcomfield, ivory hunter prospector, specimen collector and .doc- | tor of medicine, as told bf' himself. It covers the author's first pioneer expedi- tions into Africa, Borneo, the South Seas and New Guirlea during the years 1868-1876. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. This 1s & speclal department, devoted to the handling of inquiries. You have at your disposal an extensive organiza- tion in ‘Washington to serve you in any capacity that relates to information. Write your question, your name and your address clearly, and inclose 2 cents in coin cr stamps for reply. Send to The Evening Star Information Bureau, | Frederic J. Haskin, director, Wasbing- ton, D. C. Q. Do major league teams always complets their scheduled 154 games?— | T LK, A. Usually they do. The records sometimes show that the number of games won and lost does not equal 154. This happens at the end of the season when continued rain prevents the play- ing of the lost few games. If the re- sults of these games made any differ- ence in the contest for the pennant, they would be played. 5 Q. Can a radio recelve programs when a submarine is under water?— S. R. A. It has been tried and found that reception is satisfactory. Sir Hubert Wilkins has had radio installed on the Nautilus, and expects to use it while the vessel is submerged beneath the | [ 17 NET ST COSCOMS TEom Arctic ice. Q. What is the American record for shooting an arrow from & longbow? T. J. A. The National Archery Association of the United States says that the best flight shoot record made by shooting an | arrow with a longbow (wooden bow) is | 424 yards 2 feet 8 inches. This was made by L. L. Dailey of Monmouth, Oreg., at the annual tournament of the National Archery Association held in Chicago, IIl, August 12 to 15, There is a report that in 1914 one Ingo 1930. | Simon made a flight shcot in England | of 462 yards 9 inches. In making this shot. however, he used a Turkish ccm- posite bow instead of the longbow, and, 50 far as we know, Mr. Dailey's shot, as given above, is & world record for a wooden bow. Q. When is the Christian Endeavor | Convention scheduled in San Francisco? —C. M. 8. A. The tian Ende: in the biennial International Christian Endeator Convention, which meets at San Francisco July 11-16. Q. Is a naturalized citizen deported it he com: a crime?—S. F. A. He is not subject to deportation if he viclates any law, but he is sub- ject to the same penalty as a natural- born citizen. Q. How can old bevel glass be dis- tinguished from modern bevel glass C. W.N. A. The old, or Vauxhall, glass has a wide. shallow beveling, pressed by hand while hct, and at a lass acute angle than the modern machine-cut glass. Q. How many automobiles are there in Egypt>—J. N. J. A.In 1920 there were 32.629 regis- tered. These are owned by the 300,000 Eurcpeans residing in Egypt and a fe wealthy Fgyptians. Egypt has 3.965 miles cf highwavs. Only 205 miles are macadam. The rest are earth, sand- ¥ or gravel, graded and drained. Q. When did Sol Smith Russell make | his first appearance in New York City? | |—a.L.c. A Sol Smith Russell was born in Brunswick, Me.. June 15. 1848: died in 1902. Served in the Union Army as a drummer boy; lived at Cairo, IIL, where he seng in a theater and acted small parts and beat the drum in the orches- tra. Later he joined a traveling com- peny and played at DeBar's Theater in £i. Louis, Mo., 1865. His first ap- nce in New York City was in 1871, 1874 he joined D:ley's company. L in | founded in 800 BC. S. P. | stations is composed of hundreds of | freight | in number of years he starred with company, playing in “Peaceful “Poor Relation” and “Edge- wood Folks.” Q. What caused the glacial periods? —K.8.C. A. They were caused by the expan- sion and southward movement of the great ice cap loated in the Polar re- glons. Due to varying conditions of atmosphere and temperature i the Po- lar regions, the ice broke away and spread. covering everything in its path and obliterating a great many of the traces of former geological periods. Q. How did Easter Island get this unusual name?—II. D. A. It was discovered on Easter day, April 6, 1722 122, Q. Are flower expre:s trains still run from tk Me rranean district of France?—E. C A. Part of the midnight frefgit no arriving st big London and prosincial s The transport arrange- vighin 24 hours of of cut fcvers. ments are such packing in del The meain seascn extends y contain rried by s. 600,000,000 blooms way of these flower expres: e c otected by a copy- 1 idea, the entire 1al wording?—H. B. 4 1l printed story is the only thing which can be copyrighted. Q. When is a an habitual A. A torej maintains the disposal, efi<cr & fruct: or if ol gener reigner classed as ent of France?’— single_lease or a period con- Q To what was the nam B. D. A It was country in th known to originally ap; t T hberhoo Rol Carthage was - peachies may be expected to v what fiom s: sample. there in the U es in 19302 A. Ninety-nine thousand. Q. When was re_establ A. The had its orig od seed. 1In 1854 was employed. The ne a chemist and a botanist were ad id a propagating ga P s work was taker tent Office by President {1862 and placed under the d. I:aac Newton cf Pennsyhan first Commissioner of Ag.q:ullure ing Cleveland’s administration in Norman J. Colma; sioner. became the Agriculture and a mel dent’s cabinet. Q. How much is sp 1nitur: the United 000.009.000 Dur- 1839 he last commis- st Secretary er of the Pri A NACION, Bucnos Aires.—Of late the United Sietes has been mak ing investments in foreign fislds. Owing to the immensity and in- exhaustible resources of their own country, any n.oney avzilable was natu- rally employed to develop their own in- custrial projects and possibilities. These | efforts being in a large degr-e accom- plished, the Nation has turned its atten- tion to foreign fields of enterprise and profit, and has assisted greatly the economic activities of many less weaithy nations _equally endowed perhaps with material possibilities which there has be-n Mo means of exploiting. Argentina has derived the funds and investments necessary for the realization of her capacities mostiy from England. but in recent ycars the United States has begun to take great interest in her activities, and since the World War has invest-d nearly 1,200,000.000 pesos in Argentine enterprises. That the North American Republic is getting a good re- turn on her investments is evid nt, for cach year sces a larger amount sent to promote the various phases of our in- dustrial and agricultural ectivity. In fact, America has now supplanted England in th> total funds annually in- vested, and is thus the recipient both of actual and sentimental benefit. She derives most satisfactory interest on her inv:stments, and can feel. too, that she is promoting, by the imparting of her technical knowledge and practice, the | efficiency and growth of her sister re- public. ‘The opening of the Panama Canal has | ployed as_pantryman. assist:d these understandings and mu- | tual assistances more than anything else. Since the severing by this waterway of North and South America, thougl an apparent anomaly, the countries of the two continents have come into a closer union and interdependence than ever before, through the facility offered to communication and commerce. And with trad~ comes the helpful interchange cf international thought and aspiration. * % ox % Children Taught Use of Telephone. Der Welt Spiegel, Berlin—A mnew in accordance with fashion ment. and left end most T esty, rath require= legacics ious be hon- the activity 2 with of The hand which con- mact and which et and the car. cannot. of course, remain as small and graceful as the one which had but to hold a hand- kerchief of lace. ® ¥ x % weuld ow” tha of er times the fivin felds the ra Unwanted Sympaihy Gains “Beggar” His Freedom. Times, Glasgow—A being mistaken for a “unwanted sym- ed on him” was told at ell dressed, theatrical with begging pathy s Brighton James w ged tated that Green was sit- e, with his left foat A group of people tcok him into a tea shop and gave him money. A constable said that after the arrest it was found thae was apparently nothing wrong with the man’s foot. al- though he had becn sitting “as if in awful egony Green said he had walked from Bournemouth, where he had been em- He had no ex- t job. and kept it only He ‘decided to walk to and on the way his left foot perience in four days. Erighton, gave out. “I recetved a lot of unwanted sym= pathy because of my limp.” he said. “T went to a hospital and the foot was put into plaster of paris, although there was very jitie the matter with it. “When I rcturned into the town the demonstraticn of public sympathy was continued, and one party of people bundled me into a tea shop and forced money upon me."” The case was dismissed, the magis- trate stating there was a doubt. * X % % courss has been introduc:d in the ele-| Orders Precausion mentary schools of Berlin. are taught how to use the telephone, surely an important training with the ever-increasing prevalence of telephonic | apparatys, not only in business houses, | but in every home as well. The children, | (hos 4 view of the fre: beginning at the age of 8, are shown how 0 find the names and numbers in the directory, how to use the instrum:nt mechanically and how to convey a busi- | ness or socizl message clearly, concisely and courteously. Tha children are all greatly interested in this new art of the telephone, and the principal of the grade school in the Koppenstrasse, Herr Haucr, reports also the formation of classes in the writing. | weighing and mailing of letters, as well as in the wrapping, addressing and posting of packages. The use, of the scales and of the automatic telephonic apparatus is equally fascinating to the children. 1t is likely that the coming generations will bs more likely to blame themselves than the telephone operators, or the post office when their oral or written communications fail to reach the proper | parties. Miniature post offices and practicing _telephone equipm:nt _are shortly to be installed in all the schools of the city. * % x % | Women’s Hands Larger Than Grandmothers’? Le Matin, Paris—The hands of the women of today—are they larger than the hands of their grandmothers? There is no exposition of old-style cos- the' diminutive gloves, the exquisite smallness of our feminine predecessors, both living and extinct. Few women of this generation, mcreover, are ab'c to wear the wedding rings, the other rings, or the bracelets of their ancestors. One is abl@to conclude, certainly, that these souve of the past were chosen | | | | stratosphere is ti. tume which does not reveal, at least by | in {he wrong direction on the return Children | To Guard Against Fires. El Telegrafo, -@uaraquil —Secunding Saenz de Tejada, fire commissiort Quito, has just issued a reccmmen: tion to the minister of publie safety quent fires brea ing out in cinemas cr in premises jacent to them added precauticns taken by the authoritics to prevent likelihood of some dirz calamity. Th buildings should be ins often, to make sure that no unn sary jeopardies are permitted. end a sufficiency of fire escapes should be provided for the egress of the public case of an alarm. The cubicle for the projectory apparatus should be fireproof in all cases and all doors, and espacially erior _doors, should open only o rd. Commissicner Saenz cated higher and specially chimneys for hotels, factori especiaily for those in the vicini‘y theaters and all other places of public concourse. ——— Wait for the Ballots. From the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. The degree of success of the trip {0 France of the American mayors will nc be known until they individually face the voters at an election. — e No Sign Posts Thece. From the Sioux Falls Datly Areus-Leader One worry about going into the t a man might start trip, winding up on Mais or the moon. e Peansylvania’s Pet, Too. From the Lowell E Anyhow ther Pinchot 2s a p- ing Leader.