Evening Star Newspaper, June 9, 1931, Page 8

A—8 THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. ;’fASHINGTON, D. C. .June 9, 1931 THDbDOEE W. NOYES. The Evening Star Newspaper Company Busé“;“ lce:nh Ave. guistee S ke ekl Silite England. Editor Rate by Carrler Within the City. | The Evening ... .45¢ per month iar TR hen s Bun 350 g 1,00€ DET mORH v uniday ‘Slat Thhen 3 Echdars) “Tase per month The Sunday Star .. . ....5¢ per copy | Collection made at the end of each month. | Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtion: al 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance, Maryland and Virginia. 1 . $10.00: 1 mo., 85¢ | Bally an, Sundar o1 yr: 1800 1 mo. 8oc Binday onty - 135, 500 1 mo.. 46 All Other States and Canada. Sunday...1yr, $12.00: 1 mo.. § inday only .... + $5.00; 1 mo., Member of the Associated Press. The Assoclated Press is exclusively entitled o the use for republication of all news dis- atches credited fo it or not otherwise cred- ted in this paper and also the local rews published heretn. ~ All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. - and Sus 1.00 sc | 50¢ The Army-Navy Buildings. In protesting the site chosen for the Army-Navy group of buildings, Repre- | sentative Will R. Wood of Indiana is, | of course, voicing the opposition which has existed from the beginning and which, in general, can be described best as representing the point of view of these who have favored the so-called “Southwest” site. The trouble about | Mr. Wood's protest, and others likely to | follow, is that the site has already ben | | | selected. The Public Buildings Com- mission, one of the most representative of the Government commissions, studied the various merits of the suggested loca- tions for a long time and held se\'eral\‘ hearings before finally deciding that the “Northwest” site was most desirable. This decision was reached last March. | Then would have been the time to op- | pose it. | The Northwest site is bounded by | New York and Constitution avenues, | 18th and 23d streets. The land is ad- mittedly expensive, and the expense of the site is increased by location there of three relatively new apart- ments, for which the owners must be ccmpensated before they are torn down. Mr. Wood understands that the ulti- mate cost of the site alone may run as high as $9,000,000. With the Treas- ury deficit and drive for economy, this seems to Mr. Wood an extravagantly high price, especially when the South- west site can be bought more cheaply. The opposition by Mr. Wood and others raises the question now whether the Public Buildings Commission’s word is final, or whether that body's decisions are to be overruled by Con- gress. The question is expected to come up when the initial appropriations are requested for the War and Navy group, ©Of course, Congress can do anything 1t pleases. It can withhold the money for the site selected and force a change of location. But such action would be most unfortunate. In the present case, architects for the War building were chosen only yesterday and directed to prepare sketches on which estimates will be based. Their drawings, natu- Tally, will be made after a study of the Northwest site. Architects for the Navy building are expected to,be chosen soon, and their sketches will also be based on the Northwest site. If the Public Build- ings Commission expects a reversal of its choice of sites, architectural surveys now are premature. ‘The relative merits of the two sites have been discussed for a long time. ‘The contention has been made that the Southwest site, bounded on the south by D street and Virginia avenue, on the north by Maryland avenue and B street, on the east by Second street and on the west by Seventh street, needs a group of buildings such as the War-Navy structures to give proper architectural balance to the whole Fed- eral group, and that the site, in addi- tion to being relatively cheap, offers| room for the expansion that would take place in event of war. The Northwest site, on the other hand, has been con- sistently favored by the War and Navy Departments because of convenience to the personnel and its proximity to other executive establishments. This group is expected to be the largest of the buildings in the Federal program, its cost having been roughly estimated as likely to run as high as $25,000,000. r—or— A Philadelphia housing executive has | declared that each and every mayor | should be equipped With the following | aides: A “secretary of eats” to attend | banquets, one of “speak” to utter ex- pected bombast, one of “handshakes,” one of “poses” and a “secretary of travel” to tour the country. Really, with these, would there be any need for a mayor at all? e — Settlement of the wailing wall dispute in Jerusalem ought to suggest that the time has come for Ame:icans to stop their own wailing over business depres- sion and get to work to effect a change for the better. The Wailing Wall. For the time being at least Jeru- salem's ancient controversy, concerning the respective rights of Jews and Mos-; lems at the Wailing Wall, has been ad- judicated. The Moslems are confll’medl in their sole ownership of the property— to which the Jews say they have never laid claim—while the latt>r are guaran- teed the right of free access to the wall for devotional purposes. A decision to that joint effect has just been handed| down by a neutral commission of t.hree“ arbitrators—a Dutchman, a Swede and a Swiss—appointed by the British government in May, 1930, following, sanguinary clashes at the wall between the rival sects. | Adjudication, rather than settlement, of th: question is thus achieved. One, phase of the arbitral finding doubtless, brings disappointment to the Jews—the banning of the blowing of the ram's horn on religious holidays like the Jew- ish New Year and Day of Alonerent. Modern rabbinical authoritizs, it is | no longer attach to that revered tradi- tion the importance to which strict orthodox Jews, like those in Palestine, give it. These fundamentalists are not likely to bz pleased with that particular | mutual understanding, that important 'tlon for the Jews, that there must be no Moslem annoyance during the exer- cise of Jewish religious services. Other provisions for preventing trou- ble award to the Jews the privilege of putting up requisite “appurtenances,” !such as the cabinet ark containing the Torah scrolls, near th: Wailing Wall | on days of worship, but neither Moslems inor Jews are to be permitted to place i benches, carpets or other equipment on | the premises. The Moslems are specifi- !cally forbidden from constructing, re- pairing or demolishing any building ad- Jacent to the wall in such manner as to encroach on the pavement or to in- terfere in any way with Jewish devo- tional visits. Political spesches or dem- onstrations of any kind are prohibited. “The arbitral commission,” its report sets forth, “trusts both Moslems and Jews will accept and respect this verdict with an earnest desire to attain prerequisite for the common interest of both parties in Palestine and for peace- able development in the world at large.” In countries far remote from the Jewish nationel homeland, especially in the United States, whence its sinows of | peaceful war ave so largely derivad, the commission’s hope will find an unquali- fled echo. Without religious peace, or | at least & genuinely mutual tolerance | between Jews and Moslems, the ideals of Herzl and the aspirations of his race will be continuously handicapped, if not thwarted. e Economics and the Farmer. Secretary Hyde of the Department of | Agriculture has called the attention of | the American farmer again to the fact | that he is not and cannot be superior to economic laws. The sooner the Amer- ican farmer becomes convinced of that | fact, the sooner he will come to the | conclusion that production should have | some relation to demand. And when the | farmer has reached that conclusion and ! acted upon it, the “price breaking sur- | pluses” of which Mr. Hyde complains will be reduced materially, with bene- fit to the farmer. Mr. Hyde, addressing the American Institute of Co-operation, mecting in Manhattan, Kans, expressed is entire | sympathy with the aspirations of the | American farmer for an American standard of living. He declared such a standard of living was entirely pos- sible, but that the answer to the prob- lem depended upon the farmer him- self, whose “production plans must start with consideration cf the economic de- mards of the market.” If that plan is pursued, the Secretary insisted, it would be possible 50 to organize agriculture as to make the goal of economic oppor- tunity possible to the farmers. The heads of the Department of Agriculture and the Federal Farm Board have been striving for a long time to make the farmers understand that if they produce great surpluses of their crops, surpluses beyond the demand within the United States itself, they must be sold in the world market, in competition with the cotton of India | and the wheat of Russia, for example, where standards of living are low. With a huge agricultural acreage in this country, with brains and ability and modern farm machinery, the American farmers are in a position to push the production of crops far beyond the de- mands of the market. The same is true of the American manufacturer of goods. The manufacturer, however, is more keenly alive to the economics of the situation than the farmer. But, sooner or later, the American farmer may be expected to grasp the real meaning of the situation and govern himself ac- cordingly. When he does, there will be less talk of “equalization fees,” the “debenture” and whatnot, devices to bolster prices to the farmer but which would merely result in overproduction ! and more overproduction. Secretary Hyde made it clear that he is not seeking to put an end to ex- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., TUESDAY, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. of his operations as overlord of gang- dom. ‘The story of how the Government ferreted out the details of Capone’s in- come, as told in The Star the other day, reads like a crime mystery thriller. The services of over a hundred rgants were required for two years to probe the business dealings of the bosd racke- teer. They served as members of the gang, risked their lives, went into the very center of the criminal vortex. And even with all their skill and daring they did not bring out the whole tale of illicit enterprise and profits. When Capone went into the court the other day in Chicago to plead for arraijgnment under the new indictment charging him with concealment of in- come and evasion of taxes, he wore his customary smile of serene confidence in his ability to evade punishment. Perhaps the smile is fading now that proceedings are to be started to restrain his properties, to corral all his wealth yand sell his evilly acquired goods and chattels in the open market. ‘The proceedings, it is explained, will be independent and perhaps simul- taneous, Capone’s trial for tax evasion | and the seizure and sale of his property to reimburse the Government for the taxes due. That is to say, he may both go to jail and lose his goods. Con- sidering the flagrancy of his offenses, it is to be hoped that he will be given the limit of the law in punishment and that every possible dollar of his loot will be taken. The prestige of the law will be greatly increased by such a demonstration of fearless justice. e Cooking by solar rays is a bright ! prospect, according to one distinguished scientist. No one, remembering the egg fried on the asphalt in eight minutes by a Star reporter a few years ago, and with painful recollections of the Sum- mer of 1930—this season has made a pretty fair start, also—will doubt him for a moment. —————— England has just had an earthquake which frightened, but did little or no damage. It seems that she has had a rather surprising number of these tremors in the last thousand years. Scme of them must have been severe encugh to shake several villages and hamlets together, judging by the average rural English address. — e Mayor Jimmy Walker tells Brooklyn Democratic women that “the five years of my administration have added twenty-five years to my age.” Is he referring to his physical or to his mental age? e The smart aleck who served a fake sumnions on Lindbergh and got slapped for his trick—by an indignant by- stander—probably now thinks that the law of lese majest: applies in this coun- try even if there are no majesties here. ——gge A camera-shy mule refused to stand for a photograph in a college group at Atlanta and ran away and did consid- erable damage. Which may serve as a hint to the proponents of strange doc- trines in the next Democratic national platform. ) If Jim Londos had lived about 2,300 years ago he might have been one of the national heroes of Greece. Modern greenbacks, however, have probably proved a most acceptable substitute for green laurel or bay leaves. e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. In June. All the world is young again; Tenderly and sweet, Birds sound forth the old refrain Where the branches meet. Every heart must have a mate port business of this country in agri- cultural products, a business which has | had and continues to have large pro- portions, but that he is seeking to bring about an intelligent participation of American farmers in that business. Obviously it is foolish to pile millions of bushels of wheat on other millions of bushels in overproduction when the world is faced with a tremendous sur- plus of wheat today, much of it com- ing from Russia, Argentina and other countries where it is more cheaply pro- duced than in the United States, and expect American farmers to benefit. Mr. Hyde mentioned some tariff fig- ures during his address which may give the American tariff critics some- thing to think about when they are demanding reductions, particularly on agricultural products, in the rates charged by this country. He called at- tention to the wheat duties maintained by Germany, France and several other nations. He sald that the German duty on wheat has been increased six times since 1930 and is now $1.62 a bushel, and in France the duty on wheat has reached 85 cents a bushel. In the United States wheat duty is 42 cents. It seems obvious that Germany and France do not intend to have their own farmers of wheat swamped by the cheaper wheats from outside. Ardent base ball fans who deplore the spectacle of the home team getting three times as many hits and twice as many runs as are necessary to win a single game should reflect that as soon as mathematical exactitude enters the national game it loses its grip on the public interest. —ra——————— Seizing Capone’s Loot. While it may be a “grand and glori- ous feeling” on the part of Al Capone when he thinks of the millions of in- come that he has so cleverly concealed from the Federal tax hunters, over and above the $215,083 charged as due, doubtless that hard-boiled lawbreaker is somewhat jarred by the proposal of the Government to seize all his visible and tangible and reachable property and sell it to produce enough to pay: this back tax. Nobody knows how many millions Capone has accumulated in the course of his nefarious operations, as boot~ legger, racketeer, gangster and super- bandit. The $215983 in taxes due, for the evasion of which Capone has just been indicted and for the non- payment of which he may, if the court is harsh, be sentenced to spend thirty- two years in jail besides paying a fine of feature of the decision. The ram's horn 1s barred at the behest of Moslems, who claimed that its use interfered with their own worship at or near the wall. The arbitrators decree, as compensa- $80,000, are assessed against an incom:' of about a million between 1924 and 1929. But his income in that pericd and subsequently must have been much greater if all is true that has been said In such days as these, Swinging on the garden gate Or swinging in the trees. Madrigals that thrill the air Rise from shore to shore; Every being mocks at care, Turning troubadour. Trustingly they question fate With their melodies, Swinging on the garden gate Or swinging in the trees. A Student of Publicity. “There is a time and a place for everything.” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum, “and it's rather unfortunate 1t one of the most reliable ways to attain pub- licity is to say something at the wrong time in the wrong place.” Jud Tunkins says when you consider what a caterpillar eats you can’t blame the girls for screaming at him. Spring and the Sportsman. All decked in vernal leaves, the bough Doth gayly bend and swish; The gentle duck is placid, now, But it's hard times for the fish. One Drawback. “My boy Josh knows all about agri- culture,” said Farmer Corntossel. “Then he’s a great help.” “He might be, if he didn’t take up all the time of the hired help instructin’ ‘em.” Elevating the Standard. “You don’t seem to have the trouble over your base ball games that you used to have,” remarked the visitor at Crim- son Gulch. “No,” replied Three-Finger Sam. “We made a ncw rule that keeps everything nice an’ orderly. Nobody but the um- pire is allowed to carry a gun.” Friendly Suggestion. ©Oh, life in June is bright and gay. We hope it isn’t rude in us ‘To hope this temperature will stay And not get altitudinous. “De troubls about trustin’ to luck,” sald Uncle Eben, “is dat it makes a man so suspicious of reglar hard work.” Cost of Government. From the Heverhill Gazette. The public,-having been asked to join in the movement to reduce the cost of government, should respond by re- ducing the amount of government. — e Experts. From the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. An expert states that women are bet- ter bridge players than men, from the angle, perhaps, thaf while one deal is filu’ on they can give more powerful tures on the previous hapd. Dog lovers everywhere will watch with interest the working out of the new ordinance of the Council of Col- mar Manor, Md,, relative to its canine Ppopulation. ‘The council, upon the petition of “about half the people of the town,” recently passed an ordinance making it unlawful for any one to harbor a barking or howling dog, or a dog that kills chickens or attacks human beings. It is easy to pass crdinances, of course, and quite another thing to en- force them. Those who like dogs and dislike noises will wish the Colmar Manorites well, for this is a campaign very much worth while. If there is any sound in Nature more disagreeable than the bark of a dog, especially of a barker, it is not known to many people. The weird wail of a timber wolf, while it may make your blood run cold, is music compared wtih the yap- ping which Fido can put up when he imagines that the moon is attempting to enter his rn:s!:r'n* yard. * A barker is a dog which insists on barking all the time, especially at night. He shows, by every bark, the posses- sion of a master who is no master, and who has no sense of responsibility | to his fellow human beings. A plain dog, or thereabouts, will bark when barking is called for, in the le- gitimate pursuit of his official legend- ary dog duties. A barker, on the other hand, just likes to bark. He will bark early and late, par- ticularly late, preferably late, and every neighborhood knows him. * K ok ok ‘The barker seems to have got the idea somehow behind his flop ear; that nothing must move or sound but he | must herald his discovery by prolonged barking. The nearer he can work himself into a frenzy at the passing of an auto- mobile or the raising of a bed room window, the better he thinks that he has discharged his dutics as a dog, in a hopeless sort of rage. ‘What the neighborhood thinks of his performance every one knows, but what his so-called master thinks no one knows, because that person, alas, never hears Fido! Never hears, of course, if one can judge from his actions. Because in this respect he gives over the master business and feigns utter indifference. Being a human being, of course, like unto every other human being, it is rather unlikely that he cannot hear what every one else in the neighbor- hood hears. * K K % His ears would have to be made of cast iron and his nerves of purest steel if he actually were not to hear old Fido making the welkin ring. He hears him, all right, but he does not_care. And it is that not caring, as it were, which the Colmar Manor ordinance was designed to hit, not the dogs. It is with dogs as with children, an {ll-bred one speaks volumes against certain elders, not the dogs or the little ones. Those who love dogs the most will be the last to speak ill of these anclent friends of mankind. Even their super- fluous night-time barking comes about in an excess of zeal. What the indifferent person does not know, and evidently does not care to know, is that such a dog is ruining its disposition, making it utterly unfit for a watchdog. and at the same time is ruining the nerves and sleep of all sensitive persons in the neighbcrhood. Sy Those who pride themselves upon being modern, whatever that is, must Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands E MATIN, Paris.—There is at this ‘moment in Rhodesia an English lady who has solved the problem of how to live cheaply. For 100 days, in_fact, this woman has drunk nothing but water. She has lost, it is true, some kilograms in weight dur- ing this strange regimen, but she con- tinues, nevertheless, to live like a nor- mal person, despite her water diet, and has 1o appetite for more substantial re- pasts, even_when visiting friends. She prepares, also, without any desire to partake, the daily meals for her own household. Far be it from us to accept this lady'’s example t0o literally and to_counsel a diet equally rigorous for all women, though they can, at least, derive a valu- able lesson from her abstinence. It is quite apparent that we are generally much too prone to demand as essential to the maintenance of life and vigor many useless foods and which we would be the better for avoid- ing. ¥ * %k k % Scientists Say Voleano Is Not Dangerous. El U tice which we published relative to the activity of Popocatepet!, besides prompt- ing not a little, and well-founded, we believe, alarm among our readers, was taken into serious consideration by lead- ing scientists of the capital. Some of these now advise us, categorically, that the present manifestations of the vol- cano are not in any respect disquieting, and that no dangers to the community are latent in any of the observable phenomena. It is well known, as we have already pointed out, that Popocatepetl has epochs, as it were, in which great quan- titles of smoke escape from its crater, apparently with lesser or greater im- pulsations, but this may not necessarily mean that the Old Colossus is just on the verge of spouting lava in annihilat- ing_quantities. This reassuring aspect of the question has, as already stated, corroboration in official circles; and thus predominance of opinion seems to deny that Popoca- tepetl is about to foment an eruption. Disturbing rumors that there might be | such a catastrophe are possibly trace- able to the fact that natives of the re- gicn have recently been collecting wood to make charcoal, and that the smoke and luminations from these pyres have been mistaken for fumes and vapor from the volcu;o,‘ & Mexico Has New Cabaret Regulation. E! Universal, Mexico City.—New regu- lations have been issued by the police | department for the governance of caba- rets, music halls and schools of danc- ing, which for some time past, though licensed in these several capacities, have really been operating as cantinas and night clubs. To eliminate the more prejudicial and undesirable establishments, new police provisions require that the proprietors must have invested not less than 50,000 pesos in equipment, and maintain either full restaurant service or a permanent orchestra, and satisfactcry and inof- fensive spectacles of the species called “yarieties.” ‘Neither cabarets nor dance halls will be allowed to use mechanical apparatus for producing music. Dance will not be permitted to have a restaurant attached, mor o sell alcoholic drinks, and they must have a full orchestra. Windows are to be so screened that there is no view of the interior from the street, and none of these resorts, par- ticularly the music halls, will be allowed within 666 feet of any school, church, hospital, factory or military barracks. Public dancing will be permitted here- after only in the cabarets, and wait- resses will be barred from attendance upon the patrons. There must be noth- ing suggestive or indecent in the deco- rations and ornaments used to embellish these establishments, and each pro- prietor must deposit with the police de- partment of the federal district the sum of 1,000 pesos to guarantee his compli- ance with all the regulations. stimulants | take in account the essentially modern movement to quietize the city. It is a necessary movement, and one which has had an astonishing growth in the United States within the past few years, despite human indifference, the mother of ignorance, popularly credited with being the mother of sin. The barking dog comes sauarely with- in the scope of the anti-noise move- ment. He is not so bad in the city as in the suburbs. It seems as if a large number of persons who move to the outlying districts of the great cities imagine that a large roaming dog of their own is their only salvaticn. This inherent fear blossoms forth in Fido, who goes forth on parole duty with infinite relish. Let Templeton Jones re- turn from the theater, Fido is Fido-on- the-spot, barking his head off in a ve- hement protest at the worthy Mr. Jones because the latter insists on put- ting his car in the garage. If Templeton Jones, ylelding to a temporary fit of righteous anger, seizes a huge stone and hurls it blindly in the direction of Fido, no one in the world can blame Jones, not even Fido's owner, for the law permits a man o park his own car in his own garage. If the stone, instead of hitting Fido, ! smashes squarely into a neighbor’s bird bath and breaks it into smithereens, it is very lucky for Fido, that is all. * kK ¥ ‘Why the incessant barking of one's own dog is never disagrecablec must be left for solution to the next world, be- cause it will never be solved in this. Such barking shows a poorly trained dog, a dog almost worthiess as & watch- dog, and an owner who does not have the good of his dog at heart. Let us | consider this. A dog likes to be trained. | The mere his master trains him, within reason, the better dog he is, and the happier dog he is. A man who will take the trouble to train his dog from the beginning will not only have a better dog, from thz standpoint of all friends of dogs, but, | what is more important, he will have a dog who knows that his master thinks a lot of him. Surely if we were dogs, with the |brains and imagination of dogs—and |dogs have plenty of imagination, even fun, in their minds and hearts—we would want to feel that our masters— our very gods, as Maeterlinck calls us human beings—were thinking enough of us to desire to be busy with us. * x x ¥ Consider the poor dog, born to yearn for human mastery, who is put entirely on his own, and permitted to do ex- actly as he pleases. ‘To such a cog, all mankind shortly | becomes an enemy. Ancestral mem- | ories of caves, of great gloomy forests, lof huge, strange beasts with red eyes and clubs in their gross paws, assail | him and overwhelm him. He, this dog, born to know love |along with man, and among the very | few created, living things which do | know it—he, this dog, is deprived of the birthright of love which is the posses- slon of better placed and better loved | dogs. He must go his way, imagining every creak to be the work of an enemy. In his faithful doggy heart he knows that something is wrong with his world, but that is all. He cannot reason, ani he | | does not knew that his master is lolling |in front of the radio, to listen to some !more foolishness, when all the time he should be out showing, with loving but | masterful voice, that he is interested in, {lnd therefore loves, his cwn dog. | "1t you love your dog, tell him so, in a | way that he understands. Don't let him bark the story of your |indifference to the neighbors in a way | that they understand and dislike. | | | Holds Smoking | Most Respectable Vice. |, The Daily Herald, London —Address- | |ing the annual meeting of the Na-| | tional Society of Non-Smokers at the Central Hall, Westminster, the Rev. G. W. Butterworth of Balham said of cur national vices smoking was the most | respectable but did most harm. In his | pastoral work he had had time to con- | sider whether smoking had a social ad- vantage and was inclined to think that to some extent it had, as in scme ways it brought men together. But he found | a readiness to converse got over the difficulty more easily in reality than smoking did in appearance. | He believed that 19 out of 20 lads who | took to smoking did 5o to banish their infericrity complex. It gave them a | sense of manliness. i It was announced that two members | of the Manchester branch were follow- ing up a case of “rudeness and continual smoking in the non-smoking portion of a Testaurant car.” * K k¥ | Bulgarian Song | Leaves Deep Impression. Bulgarian British Review, Sofia.—To | the foreigner who has closely studied Bulgaria and its people, the Bu'garian song has always left a deep impression. This prolific creation is the national | pride of the nation. From all the Bal- Lan nations the Bulgarians can claim | to possess the best national folklore, the | greater part of which is not yet collect- | ed, in spite of the efforts of a consider- able number of native and foreign folk- lore collectors, to whom we owe a num- ber of voluable collections of songs, proverbs and storles, as well as studies concerning them. If the Bulgarian has succeeded to pre- serve in its full integrity his national spirit during the yeers of dark slavery— political and spiritual, if he has been able to keep aloof from assimilation and foreign influences, aiming at his deface- ment and denationalization, this is due. to a very large extent, to the national song. Through it he has retained his own spirit and has preserved his na- tional independence. Thus the songs, which the Bulgarian has created during the epoch of slavery, show clearly what support he had found in the national poetry. The ideas and motives embodied in these creations reflect deeply and fully the will of the Bulgarian for free- dom, his confidence and faith in the dawn of liberty, and above all the thirst of his spirit for freedom and independ- ence. T Asks Extension Of Pclicewoman System. The Evening Times, Glasgow.—An earnest appeal for the extension of the policewoman system in Scotland was ‘made by Mrs. H. More-Nisbet of Edin- burgh in an address to members of Glasgaw Rotary Club. Mrs. More-Nisbet criticized strongly the present system which allows woman prisoners to be constantly under the care of male officers. There was, she said, always the sex-barrier, which ham- pered the policeman to a certain extent in his endeavor to do something for the female prisoners under his care. ‘Woman officers should have charge of all female offenders, in prison and while traveling, and they should also be re- sponsible for the taking of statements from women and children, especially in cases of an indecent character. “There are dirty spots on the face of society,” concluded Mrs. More-Nisbet. “But what do you do when your houses are dirty? Don't you ask your women to come in and clean them up?” It was cn that precedent that she based her present appeal. Luck. From the Charlotte News. ‘Then there was the lucky fellow who had so many exemption-Lringing chil- dren that it made no difference to him how low Andy Mellon set the income tax figures. |loom that 1931. NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM LG M. WEAVING THE SHORT STORY. Douglas Bement. New York: Rich- ard R. Smith, Inc. Building the story is art. Reading the story is art also. ‘That is, both are this, provided each steps off along the lawful highway lald out for every form of art to pursue. The first of the two arrives by way of the actuality of construction itself. he second, through an immediate vi- carious partaking of the experiences of the leader. * ok ok % ‘Throughout the study there appear frequently, in place and circumstances calculated to stress their importance, two outstanding points. These consti- tute, cbvicusly, articles of basic belief on the part of this author. Here they are. Not every one can learn to write the story in any measurable degree of promise either to himself or to the public. But every intelligent and de- termined student can learn to read fiction in an appreciation so clear as to make that reading a real collaboration with the writer, as to provide, besides, a measure of critical appraisal that is invaluable on its own account. Worth almost any book, these two points, Prof. Bement is a teacher of univer- sity rank. English, constructively crea- tive, is his main field. You may be sure, therefore, that these two vital| conclusions are in no sense any part of such pontifical pronouncements as institutions of learning now and then broadcast into the aerial spaces rounda- bout. Rather have these been wrested from agonies of striving on his part. Any teacher of experence sees the pic- ture—making the fairy tale come true * ¢ * disengaging competently actiye rabbits from sober silk hats * * * de- livering Pelion of litters of microscopic mice * * * and, growing plain and home- spun, fabricating silk purses out of the sagging ears of the barnyard sow. It simply cannot be done. “Many useful things can b2 done with the material. But only half of once in a lifetime can a true fiction writer be made to order. How one glories in the courage of this school man for making the frank avowal. In an age, too, when self-expression is the great motive, in- deed the great mania. When genius Begins to look & little like a pestilence and a terror. Let us be honest and agree that all cannot be taught to write even medi- ccre fiction. A few may gather modest returns, lucky at that. Everybody, how- ever, under this tuition will gain the | clear advantage of trying. Work is the main thing after all. And, without ex- | ception, every member of the many classes under Mr. Bement, and the readers of this book, besides, will learn how to read the stcry with intelligence and added pleasure. Almost nobody knows how to read. ‘Try this out for yourself. “Did you like that story?” “No.” “Why not?” Im- mediately an anguish, like a stomach- ache, screws the face into wrinkles of reason(:). “It didn't have enough ac- tion” or “It was so offensively open, im- moral I call it,” or “It ended so ter- ribly.” Phrases all, that had nothing whatever to do with the story in ques- tion. No glimmering that any definite purpose whatever started the thing on its wav. No notion that for its fashion- ing certain material had to be assembled and gone over to the end that some was thrown away as unsuitable for the par- ticular job in hand, though quite lovely | in itself as sheer stufl. No faint idea that the whole took order like this, or that, in a mounting action of effect, its | zathering momentum of color and stress and pauses of midair suspense, a part, an essentia} part, of the complete crea- | tion. “I like it “I don't like it.”” One| or the other of thece in the great ma- | jority of cases proves to be the last! word of general fiction appraisal. Oh, | no, we do not know how to read. True,i but distasteful. True, nevertheless, e The cleverness of this book depends upon its spread to the two classes, to ‘he aspiring writers and to general read- And this, quite apart from the au- technical and professional compe- tency of duction. And to its clear competency is added more than a little of artfulness in its mood, in its approach to students and outsiders. For here, to0, is a story impressed to the business of tzaching the story. Mr. | Bement sets up a loom. A hand loom, I{ take it, such as my grandmother used to work down in the cornhouse, weaving carpets for the parlor and blankets for the beds. Warp and woof. Straight, parallel, close-laid threads, fastened at! both ends, taut and ready. That the; warp, the foundation. Indeed, that the writer himself. The shuttled woof, ply- ing between the two crossed layers of warp, in a colored filling which with a push of the treadle packed itself close within the groundwork till, finally, a fabric of definite usefulness was pro- duced. The fabric may be cloth—homespun, fine tapestry, or whatnot. It may be literaturc—plain story, high adventure. It is all the same. Warp and woof. In the latter case, it is the writer himself for the one. For the other it is some bit of life that meets his purpose. De- signs and colors in orderly array are interwoven along the way with the pliant woof-threads till finally there is in hand a fabric of beauty, or use- fulness, or of both working together in a reflection of some one or other of | the multitudinous facets of life that erve the wide imaginative capacity of he creative artist. Here, since this is, after all, a book, chapters ensue to round the story of the weaves short fiction. In their treatment these are, in every case, simple, straight, illuminating, in- teresting. They cover plain discussions of plot, action, character, background and controlling purpose. Here is the whole whatnot of literary invention applied to the short story, all set out in a gusto of personal enthusiasm that might, quite reasonably, have become a bit dim through the repetitious char- acter of a teacher's professional activi- ties. No such effect here. Rather, a newness of approach, a freshness of discussion and direction that savor not at all of the traditional dullness of the classroom. ' The reputation of the text book, as such, is, you know, not of the best. No doubt great numbers would agree that, “looking for something®to read,” not once in a blue moon would they think, even, of reaching toward one of this particular tribe in hope of satisfying the need at hand. But, take it from me, try this book. Try it seriously. If you are in earnest, you will find, in no long time, that you yourself in reading fiction do begin really to show signs of intelligence in that engagement, an actual rousing of the flabby acceptance of a book, any old book, to “pass the time away." Edward J. O'Brien, arbiter of the worth of the short story, gives the foreword to this book. Mr. Bement himself sub- mits critical analyses in detail of two short stories. The reviving effect of the whole is among definitely high points in “Weaving the Short Stary.” * Kk K K RADIO WRITING. By Peter Dixon. g!ustraud. New York: The Century 0. Right on time, is this first book of its kind, to meet the air, our newest, most spectacular and most widespread medium of literary transmission. Peter Dixcn is a man of experience. ‘Three years of intimate to-do with the curious moods and odd tenses of this great modern prodigy are about all that any one could in veracity claim, Reversing the hiblical measurement of time, here a day is in truth a thousand years. No less. And, with “Radio Writing” in mind, Mr. Dixon gives of “| his experience in this respect and, be- sides, looks into the future of that which is bound to become a great field of literary effort. In one sense this is a text book on radio writing. In an- other sense it is far from that type of instruction. Easily, he gives graphic sketches of the mechanics of this par- ticular sort of writing, microphos ne writing. Beyond ghat point he deals ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Many readers send in questions sign- ed only with initials, that the answers appear in the newspaper. The space is limited and would not ac- commodate a fraction of such requests. The answers published are ones that may interest many readers, rather than the one who asks the question only. All questions should be accompanied by the writer’s name and address and 2 cents in coin or stamps for reply. Send your question to The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, direc- tor, Washington, D. C. Q. How long has chicle been used for chewing gum?—D. M. A. A. The chewing gum industry dates from about 1860, when an American in- ventor, while making an unsuccessful attempt to vulcanize the sap of the sapola tree for a rubber substitute, dis- covered similarity of chicle to spruce and cherry gums, which hitherto had been the main chewing gums known. Q. How does the city population com- pare with the rural in regard to church members and Sunday school scholars? A. While the population of the United States is almost evenly divided between cities and country, the church figures do not correspond. The cities have a church membership of more than 35,- 000,000, while the rural membership is about 20,000,000. In cities about 925,- 000 children att:nd Sunday school; in the country, about 485,000, Q. What gaits should a saddle horse | have?—M. M. A. The Bureau of Animal Industry says there are two kinds of gaited sad- dle horses. The three-gait:d horse is the most common. The gaits are the walk, trot, and canter. A five-gaited horse must walk, trot, canter, rack, or| single-foot, and in addition must be traincd in’ one of the following three slow gaits: The running walk, the slow pace, or fox-trot. Occasionally a horse can walk, trot, rack, canter, and is trained in all of the three slow gaits Such a horse may be called a seven. gaited horse. Q. Do any Statss or cities prohibit mflrflsd women from teaching school? A. The Office of Education says that there are no State laws prohibiting married women from te: g in the public schools. In a recent survey made by the National Education Associa- tion, of 1532 cities having a popula- tion of over 2,000, of the number which reported, 39 per cent employ married | Twenty-nire per cent woman teachers. of the cities requir: a woman to stop teaching as soon as she marries, while 253: per cent require that the woman resign at the end of the year if she marries during the year. Q. Is there any connection between | the derivaticns cf the words “friend” and “fiend”?—J. H. A. Etymologically these words are antonyms. They come from Anglo- Saxon verbs meaning “to love” and “to hate,” respectively, and are related to words of the same meaning in other Teutonic languages. Q. Please give some information concerning Reel Foot Lake in Ten- nessee.—J. L. A. It is a lake caused by a change in the course of the Mississippi River, & part of the former bed separated from the present channel of the river in the form of a lake. It is located in the extreme northwest corner of Tennessee and part of its area also is in the State of Kentucky. Q Do carpets and rugs in a choir loft reduce the reverberation of sound?—T. N. A. The Bureau of Standards says that carpets and rugs absorb sound and have the effect of reducing the reverberation time of a room. The area of the floor covering in a choir lo® of average size would hardly be large enough to have any deadening effect upon the reverberation in the churca as a whole. Musicians gen- erally prefer to have their immediate surroundings bare and reverberant. Q. What is considered to be the most dangerous fish?—M. 8. A. It is generally believed that the shark is the most dangerous, but the barracuda, a large, savage, pikelike fish of the tropical seas, is more apt to attack man than the shark. It is almost as large as a 12-year-old boy and its mouth is such that any bite is likely to result in permanent injury. Q. How old is Julia Sanderson?— A W. C. A. She is 46. Q. What should be done to extermi- nate lice which appear on rosebushes season?—R. N. A. The most eflective control of green aphids, or plant lice, is spraying with a nicotine or pyrethrum extract, several reliable kinds being on the market. If a nicotine sulphate extract is used, use a small amount of soap | {one cubic inch to a gallon of water). ‘Whether nicotine or pyrethrum is {used, the spray must be epplied as a fine, forceful spray to hit the insects. Q. Should & chimney be round or square? Does smoke go straight up or in a spiral?>—A. A, A. The Bureau of Agricultural En- gineering says that, while a round chimney is preferable to a square one, | both are satisfactory. If & chimney is straight and the air current is | strong, smoke is likely to travel straight {up. If it meets an obstruction, or if | there is only a light draft, the cur- rents will carry it up spirally. Q. What name appears in the most | States as the name of a county?— | C. B. H. | ~A. Washington is used the most | times. Twenty-nine States have & Washington County. Q. How much money have Ameri- cans in savings deposits?—G. N. O. A. The American Bankers' Associa- tion estimates the total savings d posits in banks and trust companies at $28,217,656,000. Q. What is the record speed for an ice boat in a race?—C. S. R. A. Among ice boats of standard size, used in champlonship regattas, the world's record for a 4-mile course i 39 minutes 44 seconds. This record was made by Debutante III. Q. What is the debt of the District of Columbia?—J. H. F. | A. The District has no bonded in- debtedness. | Q. How often have the Philippine Islands sent a commission to Congress asking for independence?>—G. G. A. The Philippine Legislature an- | nualiy passes by unanimous consent & | resoluticn in favor of complete inde- pendence, and for the sixth time an | Independence Commission was sent to Washington in 1930. | Q How is gelatin made?—A. K. A. It is formed by the action of boil- ing water on connective tissue, carti- lage, ligaments, tendons, skin, hoofs and bones. By one commercial process the selected tissues are washed and soaked in warm, diluted soda lye for |about 10 days and then heated in an air-tight compartment. They are next washed in revolving drums, bleached by fumes of burning sulphur and rewashed to remove the sulphur, after which the gelatin is dissolved out with boiling water. Color is removed by means of bleaching charcoal, and the clear, hot solution is pcured out in thin layers, which, after setting, are cut into small sheets and dried on nets. Knees and Decks Benefit As Navy Abolishes Holystone Labors of the men of the Navy may be made lighter through the official or- der abolishing the holystone, but the department has destroyed a traditional | activity of the sea. The old sandstone ! instrument of cleanliness, with its po- tency in wearing out both decks and sailors, goes the way of other customs, not in the interest of the seaman, but ' to preserve the expensive but light decks of the mcdern battle-wagons built for | speed and armament. Joy for lightened labors mingles with the mourning for the passing of another tradition of the sea. “Even landlubbers—poor, benighted creatures who can't tell a holystone from a pelcrus—will marvel at this,” thinks the Worcester Telegram. “Efficiency has won a great victory right in the back yard of conservatism. The holy- stones wear out the decks. Consequently they are not econcmical. Consequently they ar2 no longer to be used. If Sec- retary Adams had ordered the collars off bluejackets—those striped, flapping appendages which are standing invita- tions to every moving cable to grab a g°b and yank him down the hawse- pipe—if the Navy had changed its uni- forms for acrobatic tights, the innovation would be scarcely morz surprising. Sail- ors are conservative folk, whether they be mess attendants or admirals. And Mr. Adams is himself a sailcr of parts, albeit of the amateur persuasion. It's Just incomprehensible. But that’s the way of the world. Everything must be efficient. Off with the oid and on with the new! Holystones are wasteful— throw them away with the torpedo boats and the ccmmcdores.” £ o “It is explained,” says the St. Louis Globe - Democrat, “that the wooden decks of the new 10,000-ton cruisers are so0 light that they may be made un- serviceable very rapidly by the use of holystones. So some other method of cleaning the decks that is less wearing on the material will be employed. Save for an occasional holystone that may be used in removing stains, the ancient implement has been given a more or less honorable discharge. And chanteys are being sung on board ship, if chan- teys remain an institution in the Navy. The holystone is a soft sandstone that has remained an irritation to the sailor- man since the first open boat was decked in and the ideas of cleanliness prevailed. It is an abrasive, employed with water to keep decks spotless by Tubbing, the detested job being done on hands and knees. * * * However, the recent order from the Secretary of the Navy does not mean that there will be any relaxation in the degree of cleanliness aboard the ships of the Navy. The cleansing must go on, ‘with brushes and sand or by such other means as will not cause excessive wear.’ So it is to be assumed that sailors’ trousers will still retain the bell bottoms so they may be rolled up easily when their wearers have to go down on hands and knees in keeping the ship’s decks lmnuc\lllw‘.l:‘ that “Secret: Ada at “Secretary ms is m&mw and devoted to the old lore of the sea,” and that “this is an honest heritage, for there were Adamses in the old clipper ship days, and there were Adamses to take out a privateer in directly with learning this work in its two divisions of speclal purpose and The audience is con- of this subject. And presented the various struction. Interviews, lectures, dramas, sound effects, every form of radio com- munication is discussed here, in tentative spirit that must go with 80 new an invention, with one of such tremendous possibilities as this marvel offers. A distinctly useful book. is a demand for it and a very general one. Everybody wants to know. Many definitely desire training in the field covered here by Peter Dixon. This appears to be the book, the one book, for which just now there is truly an urgent need. the Revolution, while before that the Adamses had put out to sea in boats* the Rockford Morning Star suggests: “It must have been with a considerable pang that the Secretary of the Navy ruled that there would be no more holystoning of decks in the American Navy. Decks have been holystoned since first an American ship hoisted cail. But ships are different now, and +’hat the muscular sailor lads have been doing to the decks of modern war= ships with their holystones has been extremely expensive for the Navy De- partment. Give a sailor a bit of sand- stone and a pail of water and he'll go through the lightweight deck of a mod- ern cruiser in no time at all. The old planking of other days has gone in the interest of economy of weight. If you save a couple of tons of timber, you can mount an additional gun, and these new cruisers are built to carry arma- ment and engines and not to haul heavy timbers around.” 3 “The navy bean may be the next to g0,” warns the Milwaukee Sentinel, but that paper excuses the recent order on the grounds that it was “not to save sailors but to save decks, “the hardest teakwood melts away under a brisk holystoning, and teakwood is ex- pensive.” The Sentinel recalls the his- tory of the doomed 4nstitution with the statement: “The holystone is not in- trinsically holy, and its influence on | the language of seamen is decidedly un- holy; but it has been an integral part of the Navy for so long that readjust- ment following its abolishment may have profound effects. Sailors may for- get how to swear, and going to sea on a battle wagon may become as mafdenly and proper an enterprise as a college |girls’ boat race on the river. For the | benefit of the uninitiated, it should be |explained that a holystone consists of a block of stone weighing from 25 to 150 | pounds, depending on whether you take iLhe estimate of the boatswain's mate in charge or of the seaman operator. A |long handle is fastened to the stone ‘Wlth an iron band. The deck polisher pushes the implement vigorously up and down upon the teakwood, which has been wetted and sprinkled with sand. (Get one of the children to sit on the snow shovel and then push the shovel vigorously on the cement sidewalk to get the effect of holystone operation.)” ‘The decks of the great ships of war may be a trifle less spick-and-span,” according to the Kalamazoo Gazette, “but they’ll wear a lot longer. So, one suspects,” will the men of the fleet. Swabbing decks isn't the sailor's idea of a time, but it's a lot better than getting down on hands and knees to massage them with a holystone. The order against this naval accessory is one economy measure that won't be received with groans by the boys who have joined up to see the world through a porthole.” “The holystone and its whitened deck,” declares the Hartford Courant, “are not the only sacrifices to economy. Next to his deck, shining brass and im- maculate varnished brightwork were the delights of a smart skipper. Much deck brighiwork has been painted over to save the unending necessity of wash- ing off the salt with fresh water, and chromium plate and paint have light- ened the polisher's duties. Sentimen- talists may mourn their passing, but there seem to be no good reasons for retaining such useless breeders of drudgery.” Not Quite Up Yet. Prom the Goshen Dally News-Times. There are still quite a few Americans attain the American who would like to standard of lving. e School Economists. From the Janesville Gazette. If the high schocl girls and boys were no better at solving problems than the economists of the world, there would be few graduates this year.