Evening Star Newspaper, May 6, 1931, Page 8

\ING STAR, WASHIN GION, D. O, WEDNESDAY. MAY 6, 1931, e e e T [ S St [ THE EVENING STAR Wit Sunday Moraing Bdken. wrl_lx‘)to'ron, D. C. WEDNESDAY......May 6, 1931 TREODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor The Evening Siar Newspaper Company ® Allfl;ll lm(l”' = A ll!lg!lvlnll Ave 1 Ea i y s S Rate by Carrler Within the City. " . .48¢ per month hans Wi 80¢ per month ... 08¢ per month .5 rer copy ¢ enid ‘of each month bs mall or telephon ate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virgin Bl 5, jay only All Other Stae ) B HEAES ‘Member of the Associated Press. Jv saf Sundss...ior. on) The Associaied Preas 1s exclusively entitled 4 Canada, $1200° 1 m e 1 oy only LIl to the 1iss for Tepublication nf all new tehes credited fo It or not otheruise Re& i this paper and aiso the local publ e ished herein. All rizht 0 of apec hereln s vd. dispaten o Tesery _— ¢ Mr. Mellon Tells the World. Becretary of the Treasury Mellon Is one of the world's public men who, like the late QGeorge F. Baker, consider thal silence is the secret of success. The perennial chanceller of the American exchequet does not mske many speeches. ‘When he does, he invariably has some- thing to say. There was no doubt on that score among the forelgn bankers who heard Mr. Mellon in & group mest- ing of the International Chamber cf Commerce yesterday. His theme, naturally, was the world economic crisis, the gravity of which he made no attempt to minimize. Mr. Mellon reminded his hearers that he spoke both as a Government official and a8 & business man, With an exquisite delicateness of touch, he went straight to the topic uppermost in the minds of many of the distinguished men of affalrs mnow in conference at Washington—war debts and the United States' attitude toward reduction or cancellation thereof. “May I make one suggestion?” Mr. Mellon said, “and that s, do not Jose sight of the fact that solutions which may seem to you ideal cannot always be put into effect for reasons which I am sure are apparent to you. One is that in each country governments must deal primarily with the facts of their own case and are free to act cnly within the bounds imposed by national traditions, economic organization and the fimited understanding that exists fn every country of other peoples’ problems and of the extent to which all of us are affected by conditicns out- side of our own borders. The troubles '-u business and all eommunion, the|distances. 'nudnywu.nmnr,'hm’ forelgn powers cannot accept less than | this would not have been possible. The the guarantees of protection that have | “Valley turnpike” was Virginia's best been repeatedly promised and never | highway, was practically the only really THIS AND THAT . g8c | } mo.. 80c | i mo., 40 o, 5100 fid provided. Though it has weathered many storme, the government at Nanking is not sufficiently established to justify re- liance upon its meére promise of protec- tion or obsdience to its mandate of ex- traterritoriality abolition. This Summer may yleld another crucial test of its stability, its very integrity. The Southern revolt s not strictly defined in area. The gathering of the Kuomintang dele- gates at Nanking is not reassuring in quality. ‘The Northern and Eastern provinces are by no means assuredly compacted as integers of the Chinese Republic. The endless cabals for per- sonal leadership and local advantage and gain have not been lessened. The financial structure of the republic 18 in sad disorder. ‘Taken altogether, China is decidedly not in & position nor has it the right, | all things considered, to expect that| the United States and Great B.'"lln‘ will agree to ¢he relinquishment of al | vestiges of extraterritorial powers until assured guarantees are given that the ! lives and properties of their nationals | will be secure under Chinese Jaw. o Fixing Responsibility. | The Nye Campalgn Expenditures | Commitiee of the Senate has been | strongly urged, in drafting & new Fed- eral corrupt practices law, to centralize { responsibility for the collection of con- tributions and for all expenditures in political campalgns upon (he candidates and upon their designated agents, Prob- | ably no other step could be taken which | would do more to clean {ip election conditions. Prof. James K. Pollock, who | holds the chair of political sclence at | | the University of Michigan, in his testi- | I mony hefore the committee expressed | the opinion that the centralization of responsibility in the matter of expendi- s was the most important point of | !all in the improvement of election laws | and conditions in this country. It has been obvious from the many Investigations of eleciions conducted by | committees of Congress that there have been too many loopholes of escape. Candidates have benefited by expendi- | tures, scme of them very large and some of them tainted with fraud, which | have been made, 1t has been festified. | without the knowledge of the poor can- didste. If a halt can be put to that Xind of thing, as suggested by Prof. Pol- {lock, & real mdvance will have been made toward cleaner elections. There | have been 00 many independent com- | mittees ralsing and spending money, {00 many free lances, too much support by organizations non-political in them- selves but mixing up in politics quite practically. Where laws have fixed the amounts which & candidate may spend | strates the wisdom of & progressive and extensive construction program by State point of numbers and representative | expenditure. A Thorough I | ing suspicions regarding unsafe or un- “improved” road in the State. Now it is the focal point of many spiendid roads, well graded and perfectly sur- faced, roads over which it is a pleasure to ride. These permit the attendance of & motor audience of many thousands. In fact, the apple festival resulted from the improvement of the highways of the State, and the use to which they are put on such an occasion demon- b nvestigation Needed. The Commissioners are to be com- mended upon their prompt decision to turn over the investigation of various and sundry charges relating to design and construction methods of the new | Roosevelt High School to & board that possesses the confidence of the public. Already the first blast of criticism launched by the unfortunate subcon- tractor whese steel work fell down has been broadened to mclude other com- pleted work. ‘These things tend to alarm the public. perhaps unnecessarily. But the only way to clear the atmos- phere is by & frank and free discussion, followed by the unqualified opinion of | the experts as to what it means, and | their unblased judgment of the ground | for the charges. ‘The forthcoming inquiry is supposed to be complicaled by the possibility of lawsults resulting from efforts to fix accountability In the case of the Roose- veit High School accident. Some of the munieipal 4uthorities have been inclined to regard the subcontracior's demands for a hearing as an effort to develop testimony that would be usefu in litigation. But if there is any culpability on the part of the District, there should be no attempt to cover it up by technicalities, and it is not be- lieved that there will be any such attempt. The board of investigation will map its own procedure, and decide upon the method of its inquiry. But it should | conduct its investigation publicly, at least that part of it that calls for the | testimony and examinaticn of various | witnesses. Such an open inquiry will serve to convince the public as to the nature of the charges against the municipality; it will remove any linger- sound methods in construction of pub- ! lic buildings and it should serve to| develop clearly the dutles and respon- stbilities of the municipality’s varicus | inspectors. Theee duties and responsi- | bilities do not seem as clearly under- stood as they might be. smons Gene Tunney, ex-pugilist, is return- ing from Moscow with the expressed opinion that the Soviet Union is “a {the difference between the ul BY CHARLES E. ‘Most human beings detest being cross- examined, particularly in priv It is bad enough to be hauled onto the witness stand, but to be put through a cross-examination in the guise of a friendly conversation is insufferable. The legel mind, after all, is a curlous thing. After all these centurles of life and living, 1t puts its faith in logic, when | all the world knows that man ls the most illogical animal alive. | ‘The typical legal mind 1s to be fought | best by the honest and the illogl Bo long as you stick to the truth, and do not bow down to the so-called truths of logic, you have no reason to fear & legal mind. | At great expense of time and money, men train themselves to the legal mind, and the exercise thereof, which, achiev~ ing. ever thereafter they are bound down by rules. You cannot meet & lawyer in ordinary polite society _ without™ encountering Hughes “On Evidence,” although he will never mention the name, of course. & Yes. we detest being cross-examined, especially in the ordinary walks of life. We shy from it as a horse once did when he caught sight of a piece of paper fluttering by the side of the road. How that logical mind bores in, proudly self-conscious that we, poor fellow, had better watch out, or be trip- ped up prettily (see chapter v, section xi, ete) ! Again let us protest that the thing is bad enough on the witness stand.| There one knows what to expect, at| least to some extent, but here the law books are hidden, carefully concealed beneath the table, so that we Are caught off guard., unless we know the man’s style from the beginning. We expected ordinary conversation, | with the usual play of polite “ifs” and buts,” th* remark withheld because f its possble offense, the withdrawal from a given train of thought because of the effect on another. Suddenly we realize, almost with a gasp, that this fellow is no conversa- tionalist, but an adversary! Just in time do we realize it, because one more admission, on our part, and we = lost to logic. What, happily, the man does mnot realize is that we, as & human being, | have no particular respect for logic. In the old days, before sclence, the logical mind was the penetrating mind. The cool, calculated train of thought was all-in-all, before men got down to basic studies of matter, the stuff of the universe. When no man alive knew a-violet | rays of the sun and the infra-red rays, for instance, he who could argue that it so and so were true, and this and this were true, then so-and-so must | Jogically follow, why he was a great man, in his way, and the simple yokels who could not so follow an argument took off their old worn hats to him. | ‘The logician had the world standing with Its collective hat off for several thousands of years, until Science cam> into its own. Now the world has put its hat back on ils head, and refuses to bow its head to anything but the truth. _The legal mind almost alone refuses to admit that its thought processes are back numbers in the triumphant march of life along the road that had | refutable proposition that the distorted | scent of lilacs is borne on the freshen- which all of us face at this time can- |1, his campaign for nomination and ' going concern, Tight or wrong,” which . TRACEWELL. the sake of argument, that logic is necessary, but we submit that in the average walks of every day both truth and illogic are far more necessary. These twain virtues are the “only counter moves which will confute the legal mind, as such, If you wake up to the fact, some time in ordinary con- versation, that you are being worsted by logical processes, which seek to gain admissions, and then to use them for the seeker’s ends, call to the rescue at once the twins honesty and lllogic. Be a little Napoleon in the strife, know that God is on the side of the heaviest battallons and that no bat- talions whatsoever were ever made with bigger and better guns than those possessed by honesty and lack of loglc. Perhaps some one may question the necessity for lack of logic. But to be illogical, however, no matter how ab- surd it ‘may seem to the logical mind, which prides itselt on its petty legal logicality, 18 the very crux of the mat- ter of the counter attack. “That may be s0,” you say to him quietly, “but that would not suit me, because my heart tells me to do some- thing else.”” This s being illogical to good pur- pose. It is inseparable from honesty, both of statement and purpose. Hon- esty, complete intellectual honesty, which hides nothing, because it is able to face the {llogieal and not be ashamed of it—ah, there is the truth! —real Intellectual honesty. knows that its greatest ald, especially in time of trouble, is this same lack of logic. LR The legal mind, trained to add 1 to 1 and call it 2, is utterly confounded by the mind which is able to admit to itself—and others—that neither one is 2 whole one, but only hall a one, al- though each is supposed to be, and is called by all men, precisely and ex- actly one. The legal mind, having got this “ad- mission.” as it calls it, from the honest mind, proceeds to lay down the ir- mind before it—the craven, illogical and warped mind before it—must insist, then, that one-half added to one-half dces make, constitute, aggregate and one, whole, undivided, bona fide one! The honest mind, seeing whereat the other drives, meats the situation with & complete triumph of the honest and the illogical. He points out that it makes no difference at all, except in the mind of th: cross-examiner, whether the mooted “one” of the equa- tion is one or one-half, or whether, in- deed, it makes anything at all. ‘The truth is, the illogical mind keeps on, the whole proposition has changed, by reason of the very persistence of the logical mind, and thal now success, for that mind, has taken ths place of truth, which should be th? eternal means of research, and of justice, which also is a high aim of man. Why, even #s the two spoke, the smile of a little child, or the memory of a little thing d2ad and gcne, has arisen in beauty and light to confound the logiclan and the lillogician- alike. | ‘The Western sun streams over the ground through the tall trees. ‘The ing breeze. Now come such things as courts ot law. have no place for, lo , graclous things which mdke legality and its reclous logic smell musty and dirty, not be cured by any quick and easy method, or at some one else's expense, and it s well to face that facl Secretary Mellon did not specifically mention war debts or the American tariff, but these are what he had in mind. He meant to Indicate to those who think that all would be merry as wedding bells in June if only Uncie Sam would give a partial ‘or full receipt for war debts, or raze tariff walls, that neither our traditions nor our interests permit such action. More than that, Mr. Mellon distinctly dis- election, these limitations have been avolded entirely through a system of | campaigning which permits independ- ent organizations to put up the money. ‘The proposal advanced is ta make it | & criminal offense to expend money, or to collect it for the purpose of expend- ing it, in & campaign for the election of & member of the Senate and House | Without first obtaining the direct au- | thority of the candidate. If an in- dividual or a committee goes ahead and raises and expends money to aid in the nomination or election of the believes that hot-house methods of | candiate without obtaining specific combaging depression would be effective. | authority for such acts, he becomes Apart from these plain words, the in- | liable to prosecution. Under such con- ternational bankers cannot fall to have | ditions an individual or & committee been impressed by the Secretary of the | would be extremely careful to receive ‘Treasury’s views on what he terms the | authority before expending money in a severest crisis through which modern | campaign, and the candidate also business ever passed. He registers sane | would be equally careful about grant- optimism that, “as in the past, the day | ing authority. For once the authority will come when we shall find ourselves | is granted, the candidate himself on & more solid economic foundation | becomes responsible and may be prose- andythe onward march of progress Will | cuted if the money is corruptly or be resumed.” | wrongtully expended. No more useful ssrmon could have| More than a decade ago & Jaw pro- been preached at the solemn conclave | viding for the centralization of re- of commerce in Washington this week.}»ponmuuy for expending money in & -t | political campaign was enacted in Eng- Rvidence of & revival of public taste Jand. According to the testimony be- for the spoken drama—both stage and | fore the Senate Committee, this law sereen—is furnished by a demand 0| has worked greatly to the benefit of New York for the quieling of molor| ciean elections and to curb excessive horns in the streets, which now make | and corrupt expenditures in England. | hearing impossible inside the play-| Under the proposal, an organization | houses. Such as the Anti-Saloon League or the - — v : Association Against the Prohibition Chin ‘Extrality” Gesture. | Amendment would have to obtain the True to & national tralt. China has consent of the candidate it favored in again made A move toward the aboil congressional election to go ahead | tion of extratetrioriality that ia simply | And collect and spend money in that & measure of “saving face.” Announce- Candidate’s campaign. Further, the ment 38 made that, regardless of the Assoclation would not be able to expend stage of negotiations for treaty amend- ' money outside of and in excess of the | ments, 8] existing extraterritorial rights | &mount stipulated by law as a maxi- will be unilaterally abrogated on the ™um expenditure in such & campaign. first of January next. This applies par- | However, if the league or sssoctation tieularly to the United States and Great Contented jtsell merely #fth & cam- Britain, which bave not heretofore ac-, PAIgn of education in the interest of cepted modifications | prohibition or sgainst it #nd did not Were it not for two events in China indorse & candidate, there would ap- this declaration might be of serious im- PeAr to be no way of reaching such port. Those two evenis are the seces-| expenditures, although it would be pos- | sion of certain southern provinces from 5ible 1o compel such organizations to | the Nanking organization and the forth- Make report of their expenditures in coming meeting of the Kuomintang or Campalgns, netional people’s conventivm. But for the | e southern revolt 1t would not be espe-| Washinglon needs more school houses, | cially important 1o “save face” for the DUt Dot so badly as to want them bullt convention. The rebelllon at Canton | 00 hurriedly for perfect security. however, weakens the Kuomintang. and | £ = the abolition of extraterritoriality s the | Virginia's Apple Festival. strongest card that can be played | Celebrating the splendor and bounty offset this loss of Nature, the people of Winchester and The government at Nanking is ob- | vicinity are conducting & festival that | viously “playing politics” in thus #b- has become an annual institution, ruptly declaring the extraterritoriality | drawing great numbers of spctators. | treaties abrogated as of January 1, 1932, The season is that of the biossoming Perhaps it does not expect to be taken ' of the apple tiees. The orchards of the sltogether serfously by the British and | “Valley” are aglow with the soft hues | American governments. The placing of 'of the flowers that make the buds that | the date eight months ahead suggests becom: the frult for which this section that it expects that something will hap-'of Virginia 1 famous. The scene is pen o cause postponement of the new one of indescribable beauty, cne never | dispensation. Meanwhile “face” will be to be forgotten by those who behold it, saved in China, worth long journeys to see, Theoretically abolition of extraterti- torfality in China is desirable. Actually it eannot be safely effected until the Chinese judicial system s soundly es- | tablished on reliable principies. Prog- Tess has been made in nst direction. . ——— featival in itself impressiv ens attend Queen Shenandoah, brightly ccstumed partielpants enact the story of the frult and its meaning to the There is a semblance of Jaw enforcement s happy clrcumstance, the “Queen” is | in some parts of China, notably the'a lass from the old English city of centers of the eastern section where the | Winchester, sent especially for the foreign interests are largest. But much!'service. It is interesting to note that remains to bé accomplished in the diréc- the applés of the “Valley” are high fa- tion of providing security for such in- vorites in England. Queen Victoria was terests and for the protection of the particularly fond of the fruit of a cer- lives of foreigners. ' tain orchard there and annually, for Priendship for China dictates the re- | many years, barrels were sert from tention of extraterritoriality until that| Winchester for her personal use. The The pageantry of the apple hluuelni Fait maid- | 1egion and to the world. This year, by | suggests that Mr. Tunney may have | political aspirations and s practicing the art of saying a thing several ways at once. e UL Whoever killed the peccary at the | 200 is perhaps the same individual who recently cut off a lot of tulips and left | the flowers on the ground. Vandalism, | which has besn called the meanest of | all manias, takes many forms, — e, Jack Diamond 18, after all, recover- ing from his Jatest dose of lead, but| the authorities are not Jetting him loose even if he should care to mingle again | with his none too trustworthy fellow beings, — i ‘The leopard cannot change his spots, says Shakespeare, and other zoologists, but the tiger sometimes changes his stripes, Witness Tammany now ple-a-; ing for public hearings on charges of official malfeasance. | S China, adept in the art of counte- | nance control, abolishes extraterritorial- | ity with an air of perfect earnestness | and finality. = e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNBSON. Tables Turned. I watched the gently flowing stream Where silver ripples stray. Beneath the water's flash and gleam I knew the fish wouid play. I thought of many a prize to make A rare and tempting dish. I sat and dreamed, though half awake, That I was stringin’ fish. 1 looked and saw the finny tribe Down in the water clear. | Ewift circles they would there describe | And to my hook draw near. I made full many a fervent wish. They romped in graceful glee, I dreamed that I was stringin’ fish, The fish were stringin’ me! Words in Demand. “your constituents seem to expect a | great deal of explaining.” “Yes,” replied Senator Sorghum, “It's the first time in years that they have | wanted me to talk instead of shake hands.” There are two kinds of people—those | who do things without making & fuss and toose who make & fuss without doing thin The Tactiess Ones. They tell you when your woes you nurse That your misfortunes might be worse, And think they're due for thanks from you It what toey say proves strictly true. Early Results. “You don't mean to say your garden is already & success!” “Yes, sir. “But a garden is not supposed to pro- duce so éarly.” 5 “Mine does. I have dug six cans of the finest fishing worms I ever saw.” A Word of Approval. “How does your boy feel about stay- | ing on the farm?” | “Bstter than he used to,” replied | Farmer Corntossel. “He has looked it |over and he says the place has the makin's of some fine golf links.” Classieal Correspondent. ‘While Caesar fought, he'd also write And send stuff on in batckes, Convinezd, no doubt, that half the fight ‘Was in the news dispatches. no back-turning. |p s 0 s ven as campared with this scent and This tendency of the legal mind to | fragrance of reality. Hence, ye minion pin one down in ordinary conversation | of logic, and learn in humbleness a | is reprehensible because it strikes at | greatef jogic, a diviner truth, even that the very basis of polite usage, in which of gentleness, which will stand ye in| the word “polite” has more force than | good stead at that last great fllogical | “usage.” thing, when man-made logic falls and For the courts, we may admit, for 'is no more. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. -{we- | tion of the American Officers’ Club. He v bty Ji e B was & member of Parliament between scenes figure in the International Cham- ber of Commerce meecting in Washing- ton. Nobody knows jus! when it will bound into the center of the stage. If and when it does, a merry melee is in certain prospect. According to the pro- Russlan party, it was plenned long ago to make a world embargo on trade with Soviet Russia the high spot of the meeting. The alleged prime mover in this enterprise was Sir Arthur Balfour, Sheffield steel magnate and big gun of the British delegation in Washington. He is said to have Instituted a world- wide questionnaire on the subject of boycotting Communist trade, with a view to corresponding action by the In- ternational Chamber. These plans appear to have gone awry. At any rate, when the governing council assembled here the other day, on the eve of the Chamber conclave, It was decided not to include the Balfour proposition on the agenda as a formal topic of discus- sion. To date, it has not cropped up, except in sporadic and passing refer- ences by speakers on other subjects. o ox ok Moscow has a vigllant American spokesman on hand, ready to go L.mat for the Soviet the moment opportunity is offered. He is Col. Hugh L. Cooper of New York, ptesident of the Russlan- American Chamber of Commerce. Col. Cooper is a hydraulic engineer by pro- fession. Interests headed by him are now carrying on a $100,000.000 power valley of the Dneiper. Cooper is confirmed bellever in the advantages of unlimited commercial relations between the United States and Russia. He is sawing wood and saying nothing at the International chamber conclave, but is ready to defend vigorously the theory that, in times of industrial depression, it would be the height of eolly for Yankee trade to ignore the endless op- portunities Russia affords. In the words of another colonel, who dealt in eye- wash, Col. Cooper says “there’s mil- lions in it.” Oneé more protagonist of business with Russia has been standing stute Col. Ivy L. Lee of New York famed #s America’s “million-dollar press agent.” R Frederfc M. Sackett, American Am- bassador to Germany, has arrived from Berlin on & month's leave oi absence. He has made interesting and important reports to President Hoover and Sec- retary Stimson on political tnd eco- nomic conditions in the Relch. Under the sagaclous leadership of President Hindenburg and Chancellor Bruening, Mr. Sackell belleves that the German pecple are working out their salvation as normally and eflectively as the world situation permits. There's & suspicion that Ambassador Sackett, who has thoroughly ingratiated himself at Berlin, chose this particular time for a furlcugh because the Kentucky Derby is about to be run. At any rate, he and Mrs. 8ackett are headed for their home in Louisville, where they'll stay until they sail for Germany early in June. The newly-purchased American embassy in Berlin, the Ambassador says, was not seriously damaged by the recent fire. to foot the bill. x ok k% The genlal soul long known as is in Washington as a British delegate to the Internaticnal Chamber of Com- merce. He bears an appropriate name —8ir Harry Brittain. Oxford man and barrister by profession, Brittain was at the right hand of the late Lord Roberts, beloved British field marshal, in the organizaticn of “The Pligrims” some 30 years ago—the soclety which for nearly a generation nov has been | keeping the world safe for Anglo- American fraternity. Sir Harry was ighted in 1918 fcr his services in government 18 so well established and | delegation of an English girl as Queen ita courts Aré 86 honestly and Ably con- |of the Valley for the 1931 festival 4 dueted that foreign lives and property ' thus altogeth ppropriate. #1e gigpn a8 great security As in other Good road lands, ‘Short of complete withdrawal of &t the Vi festivp) from long 1iké screech Eben. ‘D> “Complainin’ folks ix owls,” remarked Unc!s it & large attendsnce sadder dey sounds, de mal com{Dl® quring the war cherish Harry Brittain 3 in dey " at field and in connection with British Empire press conference activ- ities. The Ameérican military and naval officers who passed through Londcn development_enterprise throughout the -V %! Supreme Court bench is the latest (but around in Washington this week—the | Title has not yet passed to Uncle Sam | and the insurance companies will have | ‘America’s best friend in Great Britain” | 1918 and 1929. * ko % Ambassadcr Debuchi of Japan is brimful of enthusiasm over the re- sults of the recent visit of Prince and Princess Takamatsu to the United States. Their imperial highnesses will skirt the northern fringe of the coun- try for a few days next week, as they return from Canada fcr brief visits to automobile plants in Buffalo and | Detroit, en route to their steamer at Vancouver. Mr. Debuchi thinks it a peculiarly happy circumatance for Japanese-American relations that no | fewer than four members of the present | imperial house in Tokio have come to {know America “at first hand.” They \are Prince Chichibu, the emperor's oldest brother; his wife, who was once Setsu Matsudaira, & Washington school girl, and now the sovereign's cther brother, Prince Takamatsu, and the |latter's consort *oxox ok An American diplomat, recently home |on leave, mad: hit debut on the radio {in Washington. Like many another before him, he succumbed to micro- phone stage-fright. It got his opening words badly twisted, because he blurted out to the choir invisible that “This is my first appearance before the micro- scope.” | L] Appointwent of former Representa- tive F. Dickinson Letts, Republican, to the District of Columblia hardly likely to be the last) evidence | that there's always room for one more jon the roost where lame ducks light Federal tribunals at Washington ar® adorned with many of them. Once (upon & time Judge Letts is understood t5 have aspired to the governor general- ship of the Virgin Islands, He sat on |an Towa district bench for 14 years | prior to his election to Congress in 1924. | Letts was one of the victims of the | @. O. P. turnover in the Hawkeye State Iast year. | LR James G. Rogers of Colorado, who recently became an Assistant Secretary | of State, brings dramatic talent to the | State Department, where now and then | it ought to coms in handy. For years he has been the spiritus rector of the Cactus Club of Denver, which perlodi- | cally stages “camp-fire plays” in the | Rocky Mountains. Mr. Regers himself | has written most of the plays and gen- | erally enacted one of the leading roles. ‘The purpose cf the Cactus Club, which | bears & cousinly resemblance to the celebrated Bohemian Club of San Fran- cisco and its annual “Jinks,” is to keep | fresh the memory of early American history in the Great West, espacially | Colorado. Rogers says the dramatic bug got into his system when he was |an” undergraduate “at Yale. Next to play-writing, mountain climbing is his | hobby. | There is keen disappointment that | Owen D. Young will not speak, as he was expected to do, at tomorrow night's International Chamber banquet. Fam- |ily fliness kept him from Washington this week. Young, it was thought, had | up his sleeve & 1932 keynote utterance. | (Copyright, 1931.) ———— Not Only Live, | From the Detroit Free Press. It is hard to believe that there are only, between 5,000,000 and 7,000,000 pet ‘dogs in the United States. Some- | times almost half that number scem to live on a single street. i One More Expatriate. | From the Altoona Mirror. | The Paris hotel at which Alfonso | resides charges him 3600 & day. They |look upon him, apparently, as just another tourist. From the Detroit Pree Press. Probably as big A threat as any to the perpetuation of the present regime grateful memory for his organisa in Moscow is thg failure of Stalin to Ldevsion & sense ¢ humor. Combined Day Suggested For Mothers and Fathers To the Bditor of The Btar: May I suggest that Mother's day. celebrated on the second Sunday in| May, and Father's day, observed in June, be combined to constitute Par- ents’ diy and observed Sunday, May 10. It is ttuedthlt m?‘nu.CLAo' Con- | ess, passed in , the American fing must be displaved at half mast on all Government buildings on Mother's day. Despite this official recogn: the day has long since Jost its original | significance. Today Mother's day means little more than the sion for in- creased profit for certaln commercial interests. If parents are to be hrmored, why! should it not be done in a suitabie | way? Why not honor both parents | readers use this great service. BY FREDERI rt_researchers, who can get you y information on any subject, are at your command, withou! | sonal answer to any inquiry of fact you | fer. may make, Thousands of newspaper it today. Make your inquiry easily read and easily understood, and address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Fred- erlc_J. Haskin, director, Washington, D.C. played in the Yankee Stadium?— Q. When was the first league ghme 510, A. On April 8, 1923, on” one day in recognition of their joint share in homemaking and child rearing? ‘The father's contribution to | family life has too often been con-| sidered merely & financial cne. But!| with a better understanding of importance of family relationships has come a realization” that the father | exerts a strong influence on the lives | of his children. A Parents' day would foster in children & proper recognition and appreciation of love and deyotion of beth mothers and fathers. But more important, the public ob- servance of a Parents' day would serve to emphasize the responsibilities of | parenthood. Instead of this being just another day to celebrate or to send telegrams or presents to elther one or| both parents, the day would have | deeper significance because !t would | make clear the fact that parenthood is the greatest of all professibns, one requiring great skill and much knowl- edge. On Parents’ day the attention of fathers and mothers should be called to the fact that the care and training of their children demand their mest careful though? and study. I am convinced that an inspiring and truly helpful program for Parernts' day ~an be planned by churches and schools and other social agencies, I have no quarrel with the fine senti- ment that created a Mother's day, but 1 feel the significance of that day w be immeasurably greater if Mothe: day becomes Parents' day —its dual | purpose the honoring of parents on the part of their children and the dedica- tion cf fathers and mothers to the great ideal of creating throughont the country an enlightened parenthood. CLARA SAVAGE LITTLEDALE. ——— Adds Voice to Protest On Thoughtless Parents To the Editor of The Btar: Mr. C. R. Thompscn's and E. B.| Newman's valuable contributions seem | to be more than worthy of further serious discussion, especially as it in- volves the tendency of observing new- ccmers to be shy of buying houses in our beautiful city, which is the world’s finest Capital. Let me cite you my ex- perience. Like hundreds of other Westerners who came to Washington, I invested $12.250 in an end house of a row. After three years cf work I have succeeded in coaxing the yellow clay of | my yard into producing a 40-foot row of roses. My side walls face & 140-foot- square excavation. This square is sometimes occupied by about 40 chil- dren as a playground, despite the fact that there are playgrounds within a block from my house. These neigh- bors' children congregate at my door and the yelling, noise and stone throw- ing is so great that we do not dare sit on the front porch. The rear yard is made unsafe by the missiles they | throw at each other and into my yard. Every night I have to collect stones, pieces of brick and yellow clay balls from my grass and rosebeds. When I ask them to please desist, the answer is “You don't own this adjoining prop- erty.” Rocks, balls and brickbats are also thrown against my 8-inch side- wall. The impetus makes the dishes rattle in my cupboard and cracks the plaster on the wall. My grandfather's clock 18 put out of commission by the constant shocks against the wall. As only an 8-inch wall divides my rooms from the empty lots, these 40 howling youngsters might as well be right in my house. My wife lay sick for five weeks with a dangerous illness, yet this bombardment continued every day. But I do not blame the children, I blame the parents. They. the parents, hear no noise, their houses are not bom- barded. I have owned my house wherever I have lived, but, just as Mr. Newman | says, what is there left for us to do? Get cocped up in an-apartment. Some one of the many highly honor- able members of the Washington Real Estate Board would do well to look into this phase of the home-buying and home-owning problem. Perhaps this peculiar type of parent is a new factor in our ccmplex modern social economic | structure. Although I spent my boy- hood on & pioneer Western farm and have come in contact with a wide variety of humans in nearly every State of cur Union I have never before ob- served such apparently well favored appearing beings upon whom the ob- ligations of our decent Americanism sit so lightly as upon these parents F. R. BAUKHAGE. { e Long Ton Out of Date In Coal, Says Letter| To the Editor of The Star: Why all this fuss about selling coal in even 2,000-pound lots? 1f T want to buy 2,000 pounds, or 500 pounds, or 100 pounds of coal. and my dealers is will- ing to sell it to me at the right price, whose business is it? Wkat public offi- cial has any real right to interfere? If | 1 was a little short of money or ex- | pected to move soon, it would be batter for me to buy 2,000 pounds than the | ‘arger quantity of 2,240 pounds. Our absentee board of aldermen (Congress) some years ago decreed that the antiquated “long” ton, 2,240 pounds, shall be the legal ton for coal in the District. So if I buy & ton of coal, that is the number of pounds that I have a right to get. But Congress has not been foolish enough to say that I must buy coal in ton or half-ton lots, if I want & different guantity. I used to buy coal by the “net” ton of 2.000 pounds in New York 30 years ago, and the Dis- trict is on2 of the few places that still clings to the “long” ton. H Now as to price. Our local dealers base their prices on the wholesale prices charged them by the mine op:rators. Retall prices for all other commodities are made In the sam® way, as a matter | of course. This Spring, I understand, | the prics of egg and stove sizes of an- thracite and some semi-bituminous coals have been reduced, and the prices of smaller sizes and of coke have been increased. The difference between the long ton and 2,000 pounds is a trifle less than 11 per cent of the long ton, so any | buver who wants to compare prices should take off 11 per cent from the Jowest price of a ton last Spring, and | it the remainder is greater than the | Jowest price quoted this Spring for 2,000 pounds of the same kind and size of | coal there has been a reduction; if the remainder is less there has been an | inereasc. The rosy circular that T received from one of the largest dealers is skillfully worded 50 as to make the reader think that prices of all sizes of anthracite | have been reduced, and a careful exam- | ination of the language is needed to show that the statement applies only to egg and stove sizes. . This is pretty sure to maks customers who use other sizes, as I do, feel sore, but it is not a false statement. To me it seems that the only matter that can properly be investigated is whether prices are reasonable. The mere change from a weight difficult to remember to the even 20 hundred- weight is certainly an improvement. FREDERIK A. FERNALD. e Advantage. From the Duluth Herald. Though the majerity may not alw: b right. 1t 13 in’a porition to ask the minority what it 16 golpg to do about it Q. | held? Q. How long does it take & normal head of hair to grow 6 inches?— 8. M. 0. A. “The American Halrdresser” says the | that hair on the human head grows . from 6 to 7 inches in & year. Q. How many glaciers are there in Giacler National Park?>—B. 8. A. This park in Northwestern Mon tana has 80 glaciers, ranging from § square miles down to & few acres. | the establishment of the Governors’ con- | ference were the growing centralization of power at Wuh!ng'm, the shifting. uncertain status of State's rights, and the lack of uniform laws. The first meeting was held at the White House in 1908. It was called by President Roosevelt, and the principal subject considered was the conservation of natural resources. The functions of the Governors’ conference are officially de- | clared to be: Exchange of views and | experiences on subjects of general im- portance to the people of the several States, the promotion of greater uni- | formity in State legislation, and the at- tainment of greater efficiency in State | administration. | Q. How large & nugget of gold has been found?—W. D. P. A. The largest recorded piece of gold ever found was & nugget called the Welcome Nugget taken from the Bakery Hill, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, on June 11, 1858, at a depth of 180 feet from the surface. 1t weighed 2,195 troy | ounces and was also one of the purest | ever recorded, being 99 per cent pure. Q. Are gyroscopes the fastest turning wheels in existence?—T. H. 8. A. The Bureau of Standards says that the speed at which gyroscopes turn 18 from 10,000 to 20,000 revolu per minute. Small internal grinding wheels are sometimes driven at 50,000 revolu- tions per minute. | Q. How many members have the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wais>—R. G. L. A. American Legion has about 824.- | 000 members and Veterans of Foreign | ‘Wars about 400,000. Q. Does the Speaker of the House vote on any question before the House | if he chooses?—F. B. A. The clerk of the House of Repre- sentatives says that the Speaker is also A member and has every right to vote the same as any other member. He does not often exercise this right. | Q. What is the present government of Armenia?—H. H. M. A. A Soviet Armenian government | was established in Erivan in December, | 1920. Since that time the Armenian Communist party has been governing the country. With the financial sup- port of Soviet Russia, Georgia and Azerbaijan, the Armenian government | has established peace and a measure of | prosperity. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS . ¢ C J."HASKIN. | . Q. How many languages are there in | the world?—R. R. ~ A. Since it is difficult to decide what constitutes & language, authorities dif- Some give the number as l,g; | others as high as 5,000 and 7,000. The actual number of languages recently computed by the officers of the Prench Academy is 2,796. Q. Were chickens included in the live stock brought over on the May- flower>—J. R. A. One authority says: “It appears it the only domestic live stock uboard the Mayfi were goas, swine, poultry, and dogs. Q. Do electric storms occur at sea?— A. Such storms do frequently occur th great intensity and there is one spot. particularly in the North Atlantic Oc:an, between latitude 4 G-~ es and 10 degrees north and longitude 18 de- grees and 23 degrees west, which is visited by almost constant storms, ac- companied by lightning and thunder Bois | with violent falls of rain. g. (}:{ow large is the Mexican Army? | A. Mexico has an army of 96,633, | thyc-r. Governors® conferences | A. The factors which brought about Q. Must one be a Government em- ploye in order to go on the Alaskan tour in August?>—C. H. A. It is not required. The tour is organized for Govérnment officials and employes, their faniilles and friends— for all, in fact, who care to go. Q. Why were the Virgin Islands given this name?>—E. M. G A. Columbus discévered this group on his second voyage in 1493. It is said, amazed at the number, he feared there would not be enough saints’ names to g0 around, 2o he put them under the sacred patronage of the 11,000 martyred virgins of 8t. Ursula. Q. Is the immigration quota from Australia and Tasmania usually fiied? A The quota is 100 & year and it 18 used each year. Q. What does the word “Episcopal” mean?—E. M. A. It means governed by bisho is taken from the Latin Episcopalis. Q. How much money did the woman leave who lived 50 many years in New York City and never left her home on Fifth avenue?—M. H. s A. The estate of the late Ella Virginia von Echtzel Wendel was placed at more than $75,000,000, the bulk of which was left to institutions. About $25,000,000 was set aside to further theological re- search of the Methodist Episcopal Church. _Other institutions berfefiting are the Flower Hospital, the New York Society for the Relief of Ruptured and Crippled, and St. Christopher's Heme for Children at Dobbs Ferry, New Y Q. Was there ever & race of pygmies in Tennessee?>—H. 8. A. The existence of & pygmy race in ‘Tennessee is belleved to be a falacy by modern ethnologists. The story owes its ot to the ditcovery in the early half of the nineteenth century of nu- merous small stone coffins containing skeletons, the largest of which measured 24 inches in length and 9 inches in depth. These were assumed to be the remains of a race of pygmies. How- ever, they have proved to be in many cases the skeletons of children. Those of adults were deprived of flesh sc- cording to the common custom in the mound region, then disjointed and the bones packed into a very small space. Q. Is grohoms s kind of wheat?— M. R A. The Division of Cereal Investigs- tion says that the grain called grohoma is not a wheat, but a sorghum which originated in homa which is now wn in surrount States such as Kansas and Texas. Republican Leaders Upset ~ American Statements by W. W. Atterbury, president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and Chairman Snell of the Rules Com- mittee of the House of Representatives, which are interpreted as hostile to the present tariff law, have caused much speculation as to the future policies of the country. These two leading Re- publicans are believed to have indi- cated a tendency away from economic isolation. Various uncertainties, how- ever, are observed by prominent news- papers. “Heresy! _Horrors!” exclalms the | Providence Bulletin, referring to the | Atterbury description of the nations as “hermetically sealed compartments,” and the Snell statement that the coun- try has “gone the limit in a tariff.” ‘The Bulletin adds: “When two sturdy Republicans so depart from the path of regularity as to take a crack at the tariff, then something is in the wind and their keen noses are not deceived.” The Richmond Times-Dispatch de- clares: “Mr. Atterbury indulges in no idle telk. He is not a candidate for of- fice. He is under the necessity of ap- pealing to no political group. But Mr. Atterbury, once a high priest of protec- tion, is & power in the party and a man whose opinions are valued among all classes of American citi: " “There i3 little doubt,” thinks the Chattanooga Times, “that the Hawley- Smoot, tariff will be roughly handled by Congress in the very near future.” The Columbus Ohio State Journal offers the judgment: “A tariff, after it gets | so high, defeats its own purpose. I retards trade. Trade is the life-biood of prosperity. Isn't it reasonable to suspect that opposition to the tariff has been ‘made to happen’ because of what it has done and will continue to do to trade?” The Portland Oregon Journal holds that “Mr. Grundy and his fol- lowers far overplayed their hands,” and that they “should not now be surprised bet even conservatives have brand- ed ée tariff policy of the administra- tiot one of the grave mistakes in re- cent political history.” Recognizing that “this sudden and unexpected diversion conceivably ma: set the tariff up again as & live polif cal issue,” the New Orleans Times Picayune sees uncertainty as to “whether it will force the high tariffites into re- | treat or hasten a genuine downward | revision of the tariff.” The Rockford Morning Star concludes: “This much is certain—there 1s a rising feeling that the division of the old Democracy and the old Republicanism is an outmcded division; that the political ideals that | separated them have been outgrown; | that the complex national growth has | swung them so close to each other that & new division is imminent; that the | new division will be along economic lines.” | Observing that Senator Reed of | Pennsylvania “takes direct issue with | Gen. Atterbury, contending that ‘it is | not going to help America to close our | factories in order to give work to for- eign factories,’” the Harrisburg Tele- graph says: “Senator Reed is precisely | He knows more about the tariff | in five minutes than some of the critics of the tariff ever will learn. Articles which Europe produces which we do not already are cared for in the tariff law. To begin another tariff revision would merely retard the period of busi- | ness improvement upon which we naw | have entered.” ‘The two critics of the present law are described by the Topeka Daily Cap- | ital as “the high-tariff chairman of | the House Committee on Rules” and “kingpin of the Pennsylvania machine,” Tariff Theories revision, however, is to produce results through the ‘elastic’ provisions of the Hawley-Smoot act gnd the Tariff Com- mission.” “The President is wise, we believe™ avers the Flint Daily Journal adding: “Tariff stability is more valuable than either upward or downward revision. Changing the tarift in either diresticn has an unsettling influence on business both here and abroad. Mr. Hoover iu- tends to keep on with the slow adjust- ment of rates through the Tariff Com- mission, his sssociates maintain. By the time Congress reconvenes in De- cember, a dozen or more rates may be changed, but so far as tinkering with the general rate structure is concerned —it fi out of the question.” Giving attention to a protest from President Green of the American Fed- eration of Labor inst “a downward revision of duties,” the Hartford Cour= ant argues: “To assume that our do- mestic business would be better if lower dutles encouraged imports, goes directly contrary to experience. To say that if we reduced our tariff there would ve less discrimination against our prod- ucts, hence an easier market for our surplus, overlooks the overproduction and depression that exist elsewhere. ‘True, the new tariff has not had the promised effect of reviving business, but it cannot justly be charged as being blamable for the condition in which business finds itself. It might be highe er or it might be lower without mate- rially affecting the existing situation, | which has its causes in various malad- Jjustments of the economic system.” Foreign trade conditions are believed by the Atlanta Journal to reveal “the penalty of blind adherence to a tariff policy which economists long ago pro- nounced unsuited to the twentieth cen- tury world,” while the Schenectady Gazette warns that “only through the development of a world-wide demand for what we have to sell can Wwe € tinue mass production,” and the- Bir« mingham News, noting that Gen. At- terbury quoted statements by Owen D. Young with approval, maintains that it is liberal thought like Atterbury's ind Young’s that is sounding the doom f the political concept that permanent economic isolation can bring anything but disaster to the nation that attempts it.” The Morgantown Dominion-News states: “Perhaps there will always be isolated instances where protection is desirable, but we believe that even the most rabid Republican will some day agree that a general policy of protec- tion is no longer necessary or wise.” Second Generation and Federal Voting Rights To the Editor of Thé Star: In an article on “The Case for Fed- eral Suffrage in the Distriot of Com bia,” printed on page'A-5 of your of May 3, 1931, some reference is made to the second generation of Unite States Government employes here whd | maintain legal residence in a State. One pal‘l"rlph concludes thus: “Born in the District and without claims upon any State, they are resi- dents of the District of Columbia and therefore disfranchised.” Does the “second generation” apply to the sons and daughters of that United States Government employe with legal residence in a State, or to | the descendants of such children? 1f the idea is to be used, there should be some clarification to assist in proper elucidation. If my recollection is correct, the son and accepting reports that President Hoover “frowns on the apparently grow- ing interest in another general tariff revision next year,” that paper Yyoices | the suggestion: “Nobody can blame | President Hoover if he is Hostile to gen- | eral revision of the American tariff by | Ccngress. Such revisions ordinarily occur about once every nine vcars, but of & United States Government em- ploye in the District of Columbia ap- plied through the United States C¥vil' Service CommiAsion for a position, giv- ing as his residence the legal State residence of his father. The commis- sion_declared him to be a_resident of the District of Columbia. If I remem- ber aright, the matter was taken into the administration has hardly rccov- | court, whers it was decided that the cred from its fight with Conaress over [-on's claim to residence in the Stote the last reviaQm, scarcely A year ago. | was correct, The best wajrof avoiging clamor