Evening Star Newspaper, May 5, 1931, Page 5

e} ( SCORE WAR DEBTS A FOREIGN SPEAKERS | I Pirelli Asks Reconsidering of + Question and Briton Sug- 1 gests Cancellation. (Continued From First Page) N. J., last week on the subject of tariff reduction and which had been the sub- ject of controversy. He emphasized that he was opposed to the whole sub- ject of tariff being thrown open in the next Congress. Another highlight of today's session ‘was a vigorous attack on the stock mar- ket by Melvin- A. Traylor, Chicagd banker. Discussing depression in th's country, Mr. Traylor likened fioor trading to "‘gl!ln crap shooting,” and eaid that! e exchanges themselves should in- voke rules to curb the operations of the small speculators, who can ill-afford to lose in the market. “It would be most unfortunate to re- n the tariff in the next session of * Barnes sald. “American business hopes that the administration of our laws by the Tariff Commis- slon will go & long way toward perma- nently taking the tariff out of politics. “Business, through the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, for years has urged that the tariff be treat- ed as an economic and not as a po- litical issue. Gradual adjustments, either up or down, as may be necessary, through the agency of the Tariff Com- mission, do not have the unsettling ef- fect that accompanies a general over- haul by Congress.” Pirelli, head of the Europe-United States Committee, which for two years has studied the question of intern: tional economic relations, told the con- gress that in 1930 foreign trade values declined for all countries, “but the shrinkage was less marked in the lead- ing European countries than in the United States.” Pirelli Holds Europe Gains. This, he said, should not be inter- preted as indicating European pros- perity and American depression, but rather as “pointing to the economic vi- tality of the old continent.” “Though its economic constitution was £0 serjously undermined by the war as to give the impression of inevitable decline, symptoms of convalescence can be noted in the last few years,” he said, rope is an invalid putting flesh, and this is a reassuring symp- tom.” Taking up the question of tariff, the speaker said Europe ‘“regrets” the pro- tective set-up in this country and asked: “Is the present level of protec- tion still so essential to American in- The United States is more important to Europe as a source of supplies than as an export market, he said, while Europe, he added, is more important to America as an export market than as a source of supplies. Discussing debts and reparations, Pi- relll told his audience that he pro- posed to “get out of the flames” of this subject as quickly as posible. It is dif- ficult to harmonize the American ard European viewpoints, the speaker con- tinued, explaining that he proposed to treat the subject only from the eco- nomic side. ‘War Debts Affect Continent. “I do mot know what importance should be attached to the argument that interallied debts represent only & small percentage of the value of Ameri- can prod;iction, or of the trade balance, or of the American balance of payments, aht that their effect on the American economic situation it therefore incon- siderable,” he said. “However this may be, they undoubtedly exercise a very notable influence on the economie sit- uation of Europe, and more especially of certain European countries “On this account, if on no other, the 18 one of concern to the United for if our studies have shown the importance of the European mar- ket to American economy, then the question if and when the whole matter should be reconsidered either in the light of the revaluation of gold, or of the present world crisis, or otherwise, is one cf concern not only for the debtor but also for the creditor, ie. for the American farmer, the American wage earner, the American business man and the American investor. “As I have already said, I do not intend to express an opinion on the matter here, and I am well aware of the diffculties and delicate nature of the problem. I would add only cne consideration, not as 23 & business man who has many in- ‘problem States, terests outside Europe. Under present | circumstances psychological factors may have a preponderating influence in de- termining the course of events. “Now 1 would be bold to say that public opinion in America undervalues Tepercussions of the problem of inter- allied debts, whjle perhaps European public opinton tends to make them re- sponsible for consequences of all sorts. However this may be, it is certain that in Eurcpe interallied debts have a de- pressing effect which goes beyond the amounts involved, entalling eco- nomic as well as psychological reac- tions.” Anderson Suggests Cancellation. Sir Alan Anderscn also saw world troubles aggravated by trade barriers, and asserted that “to maintain the market, to develop and direct trade, the cerditor must lend, the seller must buy.” “Regardless of the fact that we have great factories underemployed and mil- Jions of men unemployed, those coun- tries of low wages pertinaciously insist that to produce does not help them in | their distress, they must sell and we must buy,” the Briton continued. “Moreover, they have incurred inter- national debts and they insist that, if they are to pay interest or principal. we must buy their goods, and if we want them to buy our goods we must buy enough of theirs to barter for our goods and to balance the service of our loans. A hard problem, indeed, for the creditor country with factories and men unem- ployed, a rude test of faith in the sim- ple laws of trade. “Would it perhaps be better to can- cel international debts of origin? Great Britain as the largest war creditor canceled a great surplus of debts owing to her and th~ debtor nations would vote for an extension of this policy, but the cr-ditor finds it hard to accept as impa of the debtor to forgive him what he owes. Swedish Industrialist Speaks. “To cancel these international debts would not of itself cure the world’s complaint though the settlement of war debis eriously aggravates the world troubles in these hard times. Of tl large settlement in 1929, $484,000,000 from the world to U. 8. A, no less than 42 per cent was income from war debts. Must we then lament our dis- ease and despair? Must we continue the practices which limit sales? Must we play beggar my neighbor and crush my customer 'till we prove our folly by bringing international commerce to 2 standstill, or if these policles disgust v3 will we not once again follow the r which has guided us in all our Frogres? Good credit and free buying will soon restore us, but ‘till we are once more prepared to buy from each other the more we struggle to produce u;ld refuse to buy, the less we shall Another speaker this morning was J 8. Edstrom, Swedish- industrialist, & vice president of the chamber, who dis- cussed & monograph by Dr. Ernst Wage- mann, director of the German federal office of statistics, advocating & new economic understanding among world interests to harmonize the national economic systems. Edstrom supported the idea advanced a European but| wiFE EVHNINC ] Foreign C. of C. Delegates Dr. Ferdinand Haercke of Ger Picard of the French delegation. OTABLES from foreign countries attending the International Chamber of Commerce sessions in Washington this week include, left to right: ‘many and Jean Parmentier and Jean —Underwood Photo. | by the German that “in future we ought to strive for such adaptability in wage scales and monopolistic ~commodity rices to the business trend that a regu- ation of these would be comparable to the changes in the discount rates of the central banks.” “The prices of labor, of capital and commodities would then all harmoni- ously change and the disturbances— i. e., the periods of unemployment—be both shorter and less extensive,” he said. . Traylor, who 15 president of the First National Bank of Chicago, member of the Organization Committee of the Bank for International Settlements and a former president of the American Bankers' Association, launched his at- tack before the International Chamber of Commerce at & plenary session de- voted t> discussion of international eco- nomic relations, in which he covered the field of depression and unemploy- ment in the United States. Characterizing present conditions as “unexcusable tragedy,” Traylor told his audience, composed of several hundred business figures from throughout the lack of leadership in industry, com- merce, finance, agriculture and govern- ment. . Blames “Laxity in Credit.” Overproduction and laxity in grant- ing credits were laid at the door of business and finance in the sharply orded criticism of the Chicago banker. ‘Responsible Government officials” kept silent in the face of the gathering storm, he said, while the American farmer, “lied to and lied about,” he continued, “has been the victim of more false eco- nomic and political information, with its constant destruction of public con- fidence, in everything he is and repre- sents, than has any other element in our social structure.” With ail this, he said, was the untrammeled stock mar- ket _speculation. The speaker also turned his shafts at mounting Federal and State expendi- tures, rapped the “pernicious and se- ductive influence of so-called Federal ald, which he asserted ‘“approaches sely political bribery” in man: stances, and called for taxation reforms. Discusses Human Side. Mr. Traylor declared at the outset of his geech that he proposed to talk on t uman side of the E:loblem," If 1t is the responsibility of business and political leadership to promote the economic and social welfare of the com- munity, it may be worth while to take stock to see how we have measured up to our duty in recent years,” he said. “Why should there be in this land of plenty, with unlimited facilities for pro- duction, abundant harvests and a sur- feit of credit, millions of hungry and unemployed? It is not the fault of those who would work but can find no work to do. They have little or no | choice 'in shaping their course, and | while it is true that soclety owes no one | a living, society does owe every one an opportunity to earn a living. obligation we have failed, and until we know wherein we have failed and why we will not have done our duty, nor will we have found that stability which is the universal desire of mankind to- day.” Blames Post-War Boom. ‘The way was paved for present con- | diticns by the post-war trade boom, both foreign and domestic, Traylor de- clared, bringing with it industrial ex- pansion all out of proportion to future requirements, “Business leadership then, had it | read the barometer properly, should | have noted the storm that was gather- | ing_and trimmed sail accordingly, but ambition for place, power and profit blinded leadership to the obvious dan- gers ahead,” he emphasized. “Business management, however, is net alone responsible for the course it has foliowed,” Traylor continued. “Un- fortunately, it has had the co-operation of finance and Government, and will likewise have to have their co-operation in adjusting its affairs to a saner course. What, in fact, did the leaders of finance do t7 encourage the expansion which has taken place in the last decade? What, if anything, did they do to pre- vent such expansion, with the conse- world, that the cause was traceable to | the war, but that the extent was due to | in- | In that | base. PARLEY ON SILVER by Japan’s Ship Magnate, Kenkichi Kagami. A world conference on the stabiliza- tion of silver is one of the probable out- comes of the sessions of the Interna- tional Chamber of Commerce in prog- ress here this week. The Executive Committee and the Council of the Internationzl Chamber have already approved a resolution call- ing upon the nations to start conversa- tions on silver stabilization, and it will come before the whole conference for a vote by the end of the week. A prominent advocats of a stlver con- ference-as a measure to combat the world-wide economic depression is_the energetic and brilliant Japanese ship- building magnzte, Kenkichi Kngnnlv.. known as “the Rockefeller wf Japan. Stlas H. Strawn, president of the United States Chamber of Commerce, expresssd the opinion in an interview that this country probably would be willinz to take part in a silver conference initiated by some other nation or international organization. . Kagami markets have been disturbed decline in the value of silver. cline has had a depressing effect on trade in China, India, Mexico, the Dutch East Indies, Siam, Indo-China and Persia and has reduced the pur- chasing power of these countries for the industrial products of Europe and America, as well as of Japan. Demonitization of silver by India and other countries since the war and the adoption of the gold standard have re- duced the value of silver and the price has been further depressed by over- | production. Mr. Kagami noted that one great problem is the difficulty of controlling the production of silver as |a by-product, since a large amount of | silver placed on the market annually | originates in the working of copper, |lead and zinc mines. The sale of sil- ver enables copper and zinc factories to lower their production costs. In the last analysis, any scheme for the control of the price of silver must be considered in conjunction with what | monetary policy. may best be adopted | by China, Mr. Kagami said. China, & great potential market for the world's | goods, still retains a silver monetary . China's economic situation has | been aggravated by the prevention of | the free flow of silver into her interior | provinces as a result of internal strife, with Communist risings and widespread banditry, which obstructs means of | communication and interferes with | goods in transif, | (Copyright, 1931) collapses have been the immediate and most obvious precipitating causes.” Taking up the question of remedies, the speaker that “first, and most | important of all, because 1 believe it | exerts a more dangerous influence than any other one thing in American finan- cial life, T would urge consideration of | the abolishment of the so-called ‘daily | settlement,’ with its consequent ‘daily ca'l-money rate.’* | “I believe the exchanges of the coun- try would make a direct contribution of great importance should they adopt | 5ome type of periodic settlement which | would eliminate the daily call rate and | make possible some measure of regula- " tion of the flow and rate of credit by | banking authority,” he explained. Against Floor Trading. “In the second place” he said, “$ PROPOSEDINC.OFC. World Conference Advocated | political | fe ial the advice | quences which they certainly did Know | would ur he com- {or snould Kave known would follow? T/ plete e e O i oo | betieve their record in that connection | trading, which, as I am informed, has is nct an enviable one. As early 88| about it most of the characteristics of 1927 it was clearly obvious to &ny one | plain craps shooting; and few, if any, | having experience with the granting of | more redeeming features than that de- credit that if the situation was allowed | Jighttul Ethiopian pastime. This much to continue, and if expansion and specu- | T know, and every layman knows, that lation were carried cn unchecked, there | when the total capitalization of & cor- would be but one end—disaster. Yet | poration is traded in once & week OF | the record of American financial lead- | over a period of a year from 5 to 30 ership and of responsible Government | times, the sales are not made for the officials was regrettably one of oo much | account of one who owns and wants to ! silence. Few warnings were issued and | sell, nor are the purchases made for w atfempts were made to attract pub- | those wio desire to buy and actually | llc attenticn to the danger that threat- | receive the securities ened. Credit for the expansion of pro- | “ping] yonld Guctive Tacllities to meet temporaTy de- | by ‘all" erehameas o e Lo | mands was granted to business without | ryles which would prohibit their mem- adequate consideration of the conse- ATcE PN T onyry G BRE quences, Credit without stint was fur- | than' for cash if the amount involved nished to consumers t> buy consumable goods, thereby further increasing false purchasipr power and multiplying debt. No one cailed a halt. Hits Consolidations. “Every kind and character of combi- | nation and consolidation were made, | regardless of their economic advisability | or the possibility of economies in man- agement or increased profits therefrom. is less than $10,000, and I should per- | sonally prefer to see the amount raised | 10 $50,000. T suggest the smaller figure | because it is the par value of a hundred ‘!hnrcs of $100 par stock. This sugges- ticn is not intended to bar the small investor from the market. Other ave- nues of credit are open to him if he | desires to invest beyond his cash funds. My thought is that this country cannot afford again the wreck and ruin of “Alding and abetting, if not leading, | people of small means, which followed the financial group was another group | the last crash. It is bad enough when upon whose shoulders must rest a large | the intelligent and wealthy speculate measure of responsibility for the pres- ent condition of the American eco- nomic structure,” Mr. Traylor continued, “I refer to those responsible for the and lose, but when scrubwomen, day | laborers, small home owners, wives and rruths speculate and lose simply because they can go to a broker's office and get credit for small sums, the practice ceases to :] defensible on any ground, it be cbjected that doption of believe secuity and commodity ex- |thess suggestions wnummtre:nqyp curtail cessary e volume of trading a: v ety o Arstcicars. buainees. 1 | Inteteats of thoks Sptiy ok oty . rests of 08> OWN! t han; }x.\'e u‘lgo ]n';idmwn Amrrlctln bx;vm;u | memberships, let me a:ysz?:c:z the el as paid altcgether too great a price for | fare of 120,000,000 1 the crtugnct:ru?! M:vlc: we. l"mve hnaklr; | sacrificed to the vegl'eodp Xenl‘pr(:‘;:: g?t.nb; our attemp! maintain a free market group, however large or small.” (nl"’ our securities and commodities. | ~ Getting into Govsmmrnrln:xpendltunl s How KR4 8 TIAJOE Aeprecaion 1 hreh | &35, 1 HOvEstary whon o Aloheet Suey ee | edy Is necessa) when | decades that did Dot | ollow 8 collapee | major political & ibdivislon of the comny of values cn the stock exchange. I do | try certain classes of weal not claim that these collapses—presup- i {axation or pay little Owh!le J&re;f';pf posing, of course, peri f speculative | crties are charged with unbearable ob- activity—were wholly nsible for | ligation,” and he warned that “uniess such depressions, but T that such | there i5 & return so sanity in the mat- management of the security and com- modity exchanges of the country. I have said before, and I repeat, that T i . WABHINGLO. NELLON DEFENDS AR EBIS STANO Secretary Spi'~s Revival of Cancellatio. Demand in Talk to Bankers. (Continued From First Page.) Congress of the International Chamber of Commerce, now in session here. The Secretary said he had no means of knowing “when or how we shall emerge from the valley in which we are now traveling.” but he proposed as cn_“ultimat> solution of the world's | difficulties” th> building uj of a higher stendard of living, especially in the un- developed consumer areas. Terming the present situation a “crisis” caused by the war and its atter- maths, Mr. Mellon called upon the financial leaders to be encouraged. He could not forecast when normal times would be resumed., but he said: “I do know that, as in the past, the day will |come when we shall find ourselves on a more solid economic foundation and the onward march of progress will be resumed.” ‘World trade must be built up he told the bankers. One method of doing this, he suggested, was to builld up higher a standard of living to create in the un- developed ccnsumer as, and through- out the world “'a steadily increasing de- mand for the goods and services which Furop= and America are prepared to supply.” “Conditions today,” he said, “are neither £o critical nor s> unprecedented as to justify a lack of faith in our ca- pacity to deal with them in our accus- tomed way.” Mr. Meilon did not specifically men- tion the recurrent suggestions that the United States cancel the world war debts owed this Government by Euro- pean powers, but he made plain at the outset the American viewpoint on the general situation. This Government has consistently stood against such can- cellation. “As one who looks at the situation from the Government angle, but who also shares with you the business point of view," sald Mr. Mellon, “may I make one suggestion? And that is, do not lose sight of the fact that solutions which may c~em to you ideal cannot always be put into effect for reasons which, T am sure, are apparent to you. “One is that in each country govern- ments must deal primarily with the facts of their own case and are free to act only within the bounds imposed by national traditions, economic organiza- tion and the limited understanding that exists in every country of other people's problems, and ef the extent to which all of us are afTected by conditions out- side of our own borders. Notes Transition. “In practically all countries we have had felling prices, unemployment, de- creased consumption, difficuit problems of government finance and, in some countries, political revolutions,” he said. One must not underestimate the seri- ousness of the present situation. And yet, we must not lose our sense of per- spective, for we know that the world is going through one of those transi- tion stages which come from tire to time and entail drastic and far-reaca+ ing economic readjustments. “The present crisis is more severe because it follows a war in which the whole world was involved. The eco- nomic depression is, in part, the price we pay for war and must be reckoned apparently as seemingly unavoidable. “ I do not believe in any quick or spectacular remedies for the ills from which the world is suffering, nor do I share the belief that there is any- thing fundamentally wrong with the rocial system under which we have achieved in this and other industrial- ized countries a degree of economic well-being unprecedented in the history of the world. Conditions Worse Here. “Here in America cur problems seem to us more acute perhaps than they really are because they exist as the re- sult of a vast, and at the same time fairly recent, industrial development, which has made necessary a change in methods and outlook to which we have not, yet had time to become accustomed. Conditions today are neither so criti- cal nor so unprecedented as to justify a lack of faith in our capacity to deal wlt};’ them ig ml: accustomed way. “No one should be discourages the ultimate outcome. SR “I have no means of knowing when or how we shall emerge from the valley in which we are now traveling. But I do know that, as in the past, the day will come when we shall find ourselves ond‘lhmo" soga economic foundation an e onward march of progress be resumed.” T MIX-UP KEEPS TALK BY HOOVER OFF AIR - A mix-up in time schedules kept President Hoover’s address opening the Congress of the International Chamber of Commerce off the air_ yesterday morning, Harry C. Butcher, director of the Washington office of the Columbia Broadcasting System, explained in a statement last night. The broadcast was to have started at 10:45 o'clock, five minutes before the time set for the start of the Presiden.'s address. “Owing to a misunderstanding be- tween chamber officials and those in charge of music, one number, “The Star Spangled Banner,” which was to have been played before President Hoover was introduced by Mr. Silas H. Strawn, inadvertently was omitted,” Butcher said. “This brought Mr. Strawn’s introductory remarks at 10:42 instead of 1046 as planned. His in- troduction was simply: ‘Ladies and gentlemen, the President of the United States,’ and required less than 10 sec- onds, bringing the President to the microphone at about 10:42, nearly 3 minutes before the operators were scheduled to get the ‘air.’ “Every effort was made to get the lines reversed in time to pick up the beginning of Mr. Hoover's address, but the time required for the introductory remarks was so short that the Presi- dent had begun talking before the re- versal was made. “When the lines were reversed, Mr. Hoover was well into his address. To begin broadcasting his speech then would have been discourteous. “A letter is being forwarded to Mr. Hoover regretting the incident and ex- g]l'zndll'l" the circumstances as above no ter of public expenditures default and repudiation of public obligations cannot be_much longer avoided.” ‘Turning to the “almost complete de- moralizaticn of agriculture,” Traylor declared the farmers have suffered their greatest damage, in all probability, be- cause “they have been induced to be- lieve that in Government action there was some magic wand which would 1ift off their ulders the responsibility of hard work, thrift and economy.” Overproduction for the domestic re- of trade by mounting tariff walls and too much credit were held out as the primary troubles of agriculture. The first need of the farmer, as the speaker saw it, is that they at least produce those things necessary for their own maintenance. In closing, Traylor warned that “re- llef from world distress, the cure for economic ills, does not lie in the domain of political action.” “Government co-0j fon 1s impera- tive, but leadership t come from business,” he declared.] N, MAY °5. 1921, AIM OF CRUSADERS IS STATE CONTROL INational Head of Wet Group | Says Repeal Advocates Would Oppose Saloon. D. C. TUISDAY. Crusadist Head Repeal of the eighteenth amend- HOOVER TALK DRAWS | PARIS PRESS DISSENT Figaro Differs on Arms Problem as Address Arrives Late for Wide Comment. | y | political circies here as »x A—S 21! when envisaged as President Hoover, . o . Ita dces from an econom! is much less simple for us who Raver: to assure our security.” BERLIN ACCLAIMS ADDRESS. Press Interpreis Hoover's Speech as Backing Germsns® Stand. BERLIN, May 5 () —President Hoo- 's speech before the Chamber of | most significance. By the Assoclated Press. : PARIS, May 5.—Though ft arrived too Iate for extended comment, Presi- dent Hoover's address before the Inter- national Chamber of Commerce in Washington yesterday was printed widely in the Parisian press today. The newspaper Pigaro sald in part | supporting the Commerce was received in being of the ut-" The German press inter- preted it as acceptance of that reparations and competitive armaments have a definite connection. The President's expressions on the questior. of security were applauded as German tion, as against the French contention that se JULIAN CODMAN. HOOVER TALK FAILS 10 ANSWERC. OF C. Delegates Hoped President Would Help Lead World to Trade Revival. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. Delegates to the International Cham- ber of Commerce from all over the world, who had expected President Hoover to present a concrete formula to cure the world-wide depressicn, were disappointed In the speech of the Chief Executive. The President avolded any 1 with reference to the economic situa- tion, the tarift or war debts, and con- fined himself entirely to the problem of the reduction of armaments. While all the delegates are inclined to agree that disarmament is cf paramount consid- eration, they do not think all the flls of the present crisis can be traced to political instability or even excessive taxation. Hoover Avoids Criticism. Most all the delegates here are prac- tical-minded business men, interested in diplomacy and world politics only as it may contribute to econ-mic stability. They had hoped that Mr. Hoover would strike a note of leadership looking to- ward a revival of world trade. Th is no doubt that the President was just as fully aware as were fhe delegates of the kind of speech the lat- ter would have liked to hear, but un- fortunately there is not any agreement or concensus within the United States on what should be the foreign economic ‘policy of this country. Mr. Hoover, therefore, could not very well have de- livered a speech that would have drawn the fire of his critics at a moment when the business depression has developed such a disparity of views between the ‘White House and the business world. To a certain extent the address of Julius H. Barnes, ‘ chairman of th~ board of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, reflected the view of Mr. Hoover. While they are close friends, Mr. Barnes does not always speak for the President. In this in- stance, however, it is not inconceivable that the Barnes address was known to the White House and that it repre- sented concretely the attitude of the President toward world problems. Just now Senator Watson of Indiana verely, so it is apparent what Mr. Hoover would have had in store if he had adopted the same course, namely. analyzing the causes of the world eco nomic situation too minutely. U. S. View, Asked, Is Lacking. Disarmament was a safe topic for discussion so far as domestic politics is concerned, and, of course, the Amer- ican Government has been anxious to do something about it with foreign gov- ernments by crystallizing the public i opinion of the world. Undoubtedly the | Hoover speech will have its effect abroad and will contribute to the dis- cussion going on now as to future in- ternational conferences and their scope. The delegates are intensely interested in the American point of view on the economic situation of the world. They ask many questions. They talk frankly about their own problems. But the: still Jook to the richest and most pow: ful country in the world for leadership, and that is why the attendance from more than 30 countries is so large. This week's sessions will have the effect of diffusing the American viewpoint throughout the world, but, regrettably, ‘there is no such thing as an American viewpoint yet as to what the worl ought to do about the economic il health that is sapping its Yroducuve power and consuming its vitality. TEAM TO GET TROPHY | Boys Club, D. C. Basket Ball Cham- | plons, Will Hold Dinner Tomorrow. Members of the Boys Club basket ball team will be presented with a basket ball trophy, donated by The Evening Star, tomorrow night at a banquet, cele: brating the victory of the club in win ning the District of Columbia Amateur banquet will be held at the club, 230 Third street, at 6:30 o'clock. has criticized the Barnes speech se- | Basket Ball League championship. The | ment and turning over to the States control of the liquor traffic was an- nounced today as the goal of the Cru- saders, anti-prohibition organization of | young men, in a speech by Julian Cod- man, national commander of the or- | ganization, at a luncheon meeting of he Washington Crusaders today in the Hay-Adams House. More than 10 years of trial, Codman declared, has shown that national pre hibition s not wanted and cannot b: enforced. This is fllustrated, he said, by the repeal by several States of laws passed in the earlier days of prohibi- tion to assist in the enforcement of the national law; by the faflure of & ma- jority of States to appropriate sufficient | tunds for enforcement, and by “the ad- | mitted fact that intoxicating liquor c: { be purchased in all States by any per- | son who has the price.” Revolt Held Increasing. The popular revolt against prohibi- tion, Codman said, is becoming mere | vigorous year by vear. This fact. he said, is demonstrated by the findings | of the Wickersham Commission, the evi- dence of the general elections of last | year and polls on the subject. “The growth of the repeal senti- ment has been so great and so rapid,” | sald the head of the Crusaders, “that | most people today are convinced that national prohibition is doomed, and that the only question is what shall be’ | substituted for it.” Aside from supporters of the eight- | eenth amendment on moral and re- | ligious grounds, “a relatively small and | constantly diminishing group,” Codman sald, there are two general schools of thought on prohibition. The first is composed of those who believe that the amendment should be repealed as in- | consistent with Anglo-Saxon traditio] |and the principles of the forefathers | the Nation, who left to each State the control of matters affecting its own cit- |izens in the intimate affairs of their | daily lives. The second school, he ex- | plained, comprises those who are aware lof the failure of national prohibition, but who fear the return of the saloon. Denles Saloon Would Return. Codman denied vigorously that re- peal of the amendment would result in a return of the saloon. “In the days before the passage of |the eighteenth amendment,” iman said, “many more than 50 per cent of the licensed saloons, and especially those of the lower type, were either | owned or controlled by the brewing in- | terests and used as an outlet for their | products. “In many cases the brewers actually |owned the premises, paid for the licenses and secured themselves by a |chattel mortgage on the furniture and fixtures. “This whole system has been done away with by 11 years of prohibition. The capital involved has either been lost or has been transferred to other gainful ends. To reestablish this sys- tem even under the most favorable con- ditions would take years and a great deal of capital.” Wets Would Oppose Saloon. Codman added that the country’s “drys” would be joined by “the official wet organizations” in opposing return | of the saloon. In announcing their stand for repeal, | the crusaders declared their belief that {lhl‘ would be achieved “within the next few years.” | The organization recommended that the Governor of each State ask authori- special commission to study liquor reg- ulation systems and to report “as to what would be in their opinion the best | form of regulation or prohibition to be | established by each State” in event of repeal. | Parliament Admits Women. ‘l MADRID, May 5 (#).—For the first |time in Spanish history women will be | eligible to membership in Parliament in | the next election. The government has |announced that all citizens, irrespective ;glt:ex or profession, may be candi- | dates. Marriage Licenses. d 8. Berlin, 30, this city, and Eunice J. B\I?xnd. 7O.E ‘Wiiliams, Iowa. Rev. James H. | T¥n8lip Bastor. 3 | TR0l mavior. Jackson. 34, Moss) John W. | Montague, 23 |~ Charles' Da d, 25, i thu‘nlll verstone. | “Henry B. Rains, 26, Gainesville, Fla Mtllnlz F. Boyer, 21, this city: Rev. J¢ Denges. Frank Dries. 27. this city, and Stella | Retchum, 20, Boulevard Heights, Md.; Rev. Glenn B. Faucett 54 3, Mercer. Lo Roy H. Smith, 2 Pa. and Roberta. Waod 23, this city: Rev. Rajmond I . mr”"émniu. and Janet Kirby, 30; 5 ngis. g 4'Verneta Swan, 20; Judge Judes Jdan Mas, 25, an fordoh. 27, and Shirley R. Naz- Baltimore. Md n. 27, obert E. ‘Emanuél Gordon. dor. 21. both of Patrick H. Dol nd Mable G. Hein- 27; Rev. Edward Richardson. Onley. 30. this city. and Caroline 8. Sandy Spring. Md.: Rev. Anthony i 'Santilli, 22. and Mildred C. Miller, 17; EI!LQ i 21, and Beulah A. 20 d Dorse E. Will | carl Rev. i 3 2 : Rev. 8. A Warren. old A. Wilson, 23. and Ruth C. Booth. v. H. P. Graebenstein | S irving C. Hopkins. jr. Hanover. Md.. an Edith M. Narer, 21, Halethorpe. Md.. Rev. Allan_F. Poore. Edwin “Rip” Miller, coach of the | Hawes Coleman. jr. 24. and Mrgarel P. N’l';r‘y. l; to be spcnkerdlror the evening | §°‘#r‘£’."ux,,’4"p'.’i‘ll‘ of Richmond, Va.; Rev. with other guests including Toastmaster | ™; r - B e Tl i | ey CratsAn At jpag Mie & 3ot coach of Georgetown University; Frank Eisenstein, 45, and = Paula M. R. Jellefl, president of the Boys Club, ' Mary V. Blackwell, 22: and all local high school coaches. D g L Mrs. Herman Hollander, “The Wom- an Rabbi,” will be guest speaker at & meeting of the round table of the Jew- | _Del | ish Community Center, an educat.onal | H. and cultural discussion group, tcnight at 9 o'clock at the Community Center, | Sixteenth and Q streets. Herman Falter | is to be chairman of the meeting. Mrs. Hollander will review Dr. Axel Munthe's book, “The Story of San Michele." Built Shortly After Revoluti :***4****4444444444*44444 Rev. Henry peonert V. ey ! y. Willlam M. Dunn. 30. and Anna Jov. 23. both of Baltimore. Md.; Rev. Allan F. Poore George D. Ew 1.’ Grand Haven, Mich.. and Freddie Battle, 19, Sorrento, Fla.: Rev. J Jose- John J ith. Fialey, 21, and Annie Bolling. 21: Bund: and Rev. . Dodd. 22, Roanoke. Va. and " Horn, 19, Richmond, Va.; Rev. son. Moore, 25, and Hazel Slaughter, A. J. Tyler. s R. Worley. 41, Kingsport. Tenn., and mings, 39, this city; Rev. Joseph ‘Raymond . A German company has been made carrier of airmail in Colombia. | “Viewed from America, the disarm: ment p: y 2ar simple, above curity comes first, and then disarma-: ment Use Bond Ten Payment Service Pay 810 when you buy, the balance in ten weekly payments. It costs mothing extra ! Why We Carry 4000 Two Trouser Suits This Spring During the rather short span of our career, men who knew nothing about us learned that our clothes could be trusted. They liked our London-designed fashions and our expensive-looking fabrics. And, after they’d worn them, they spread the word among their friends that Bond clothes performed like thoroughbreds— and that they cost quite a bit less! Today, so many men know this, that even with our enormous stocks it looks as though we haven’t enough. We think this rather pleasing state of affairs is due to the fact that we make the clothes we sell—a most thrifty way of doing business for us, and for our customers. Wrecking Sale! X X At 3 Yards: 15th & H N.E,, Building Material Bargains 6th & C S.W., 5925 Ga. Ave. quirements, closure of outside channels | FOUNDATION T0 ROOF 3k e dokekedkokok kokokokok ROCKBOTTOM PRICES ok de Xtk sk ke ke kok 0.8.2.8.8.2.9°0.0.¢.2.0.0.9.¢ ¢ : X * 4000 Two Trouser Suits and Sport Suits *30 25 '35 CLOTHES 13.7)3 F St. N.W.