Evening Star Newspaper, February 18, 1931, Page 4

EBECAE PROBLEM My Experiences in the World War BY GEN. JOHN J. PERSHING, Commander in Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces. : | Nerve Was Only Requirement| pocli ContinuesHisAppeal | _at First, but Study Was ¥ Given Physical Condition. This s the second of three artiel | Maj. Gen. George Owen Bquier, wTeat . situation in avis- Tshing assuming 50 deplor- ‘Every American ined to hear It by now says Seen1y chasr Nioned® Y MAJ. GEN. GEORGE OWEN SQUIER, U. A., RETIRED. (Wartime Ohief Signal Officer and Chief of the American Alr Bervige.) To give an adequate idea of Amer- fen's aviation program in the war it is necessary to Tefer to certain lines of development — some physical, some chemical and some physiological—which were set in motion during the progress of our work. One of the greatest scientific achieve- ments of the war from a technical standpoint was the production of helium in balloon guantities. This gas, non-inflammable and with sbout 92 per cent of the buoyant effect of hydrogen, first was obtained in minute quantities by Ramsay in Eng- land some 30 years ago. Its prewar| scarcity may be cppreciated fram the fact that up to 1917 not more than 100 cubic feet had been obtained, and the usual sclling price was around $1,700 a, cubic. foot. P Notwithstanding so discouraging an outlook, scme one in the British ad- miralty had imagination enough to pro- pose the large-scale separation of heli- um from certain natural gasses in Canana that contain about one-third of 1 per cent of it, and experiments were undertaken at the University of Torcnto. New Era for Dirigible. Soon after the entry of the United States into the war the Burcau of Mines, learning of the problem from a British confidential memorandum, P suaded the Signal Corps and the Bu- Teau of Steam Engineering of the Navy o approve and finance jointly an ex- %‘fimrnm program_on a large scale. anks partly to the unusually rich| sources of supply in this country, and | ly to the skill of the two commer- | clal countries whose services were en- listed, and to the enthusiasm of the Bu- | What _about reau of Mines' stafl and of Mr. Carter of the Navy, who for a time represented the Army as well in the project, such success was achieved that. at the cessa- tion of ‘hostilities, there was compressed and on the dock ready for floating 147, 000 cubfe feet of nearly pure helium, and plants were under construction to give at least 50,000 cubic feet a day at an estimated cost of not more than 10 cents a cubic foot. ‘The production of a balloon gas that assures safety from fire opened up a new era for the dirigible. In August, 1917, the chief signal of- ficer directed Licut. Col. R. A. Millikan to organize an Army meteorological and aerological service, the purpose of which . was to provide the A. E. F. with all meteorological and aerological informa- tion needed, to supply the aviation flelds, the Coast Artilery stations, the ordnance proving grounds and the gas warfare service with such data as might | be useful to them, and to undertake for the first time in world history the prob- lem of mapping the upper air currents over the United States, the Atlantic and Western Eurcpe in aid of aviation, and rticularly with reference to transat- tic' flight. Data on Conditions. In carrying out the first of these projects_there were selected approxi- mately 550 men of high qualifications, most of them physicists or engineers, who recelved a two months’ course in meteorological and _aerological theory «and observations. Three hundred and fourteen of t‘};]se men were sent over- seas, where ey operated an effective branch of the work in_the American tionary Force. In addition to furnishing a general weather forecast for the American Expeditionary Force, seryice supplied a meteorological unit to each aviation post, each gas m;lee yod'L each artillery post and | each sound-ranging post of the Amer- dcan Army In Prance. For the accomplishment of the second | = element of the program, 28 manned by 150 men, all carefully pick- ed at the start and well trained at| Station, Texas, were established. for furnishing local data as to either surface or upper air conditions, or both, to the flying fields, artillery posts and | grounds in this country. The | t of these stations was at Aber- Ground, which was man- ned by 22 men, and it furnished to the Bureau of Ordnance all necessary data for the determination of ballistic wind which, in view of the development of high-angle fire, had become altogether indispensable for the construction of | range tables needed for obtaining ac- | guracy in the work of the artillery. | In carrying out the third element | of the program 26 meteorological sta- tions were established at selected points over the United States, from which telegraphic adsices were sent to Wash- | h day on wind velocities at sll altitudes up to 65,000 feet. On the basis of these observations a daily fore- east of upper-air winds was issued, Nerve Was Only Problem. Until the war, interest centered in the development of aircraft and not in | flyer. ‘THere was little regard for | the special fitness of the man on the day and the hour he piloted his plane This was true not only in the United States, but jn the allied countries. The pllot was not selected because of any peculier fitness for flying. It simply ‘was a question of whether or not he had the nerve. About the time we # became clear ations | entered the war physiology could be applied with ad- | vantage to the selection, classification | and maintenance of the iator. of the countries in the w, iohed r established air medical services as an integral part | In the American | Army this work was handled efectively | by a division of the Surgeon General's ! of the air forces. office, assigned as aios, a part of the Afr ¥ view that any one who “had could fly caused enorm oldable wastage of life and materiar The lesson learned from bitter experi- ence was tha particular work, and to keep them in condition to perform their duties at all | give the flyer more room in front, and | times. The keynote of the America Medical Service was the handlmgtv‘yf lA}ig fiyer as an individual, which natura brought the work into three main di visions: First. seleetion of the fiyer; second, classification of the fiver, and, third, maintenance of the physical ef- ficiency of the fiyer. The outset of the war made it neces- sary to obtain a large number of mili- tary aviators in the shortest possible Wme. “Tne medical problem consisted of selecting men physically fit. To ac- complish the best results a comprehen- &ive program was undertaken, providing for the standardization of both tests and examiners, Sixty-seven military units were established, each examining from 10 to 60 applicants a day. The figures show that 70.7 per cent of the cants were qualified. The large number of applicants made it possible to maintain the highest standard in selecting men. Classifying the Flyers. Tt was important to classify the fiyer for the kind of work he was physically capable of performing. Some men were not able to fly at higher levels than a few thousand feet .. without serious deleterious effects, while cthers could operate at much higher altitudes. To this classification, for Infantrymen Only for Early Transport From United States. 26TH DIVISION LOSES HEAVILY IN ATTACK Source of Air Equipment Becomes Big Problem; Proposal of French Is Turned Down. CLAPTER XXXVIIL Left London April 25, 1918, and l crossed to France in a British de- stroyer. Col. Mott was at Boulogne with a request for me from Gen. Foch to come to Sarcus. I learned then that the 26th Division, at Seiche- prey. had repulsed a severe trench raid Suffered considerable loss. ters, I found Gens. Bliss, Harbord and Weygand already there, and after din- ner we entered into a general discus- sion about American troop shipments. The conversation ran as follows: Foch—“On March 28 you came to offer the services of American troops. I have a vivid recollection of the oc: casion. As to the American divisioms, in what order do you think they should be_employed! Pershing—' 26th, 42d, 2d. (The lst had already been sent to an active front near Amiens). The regiments of the 32d will be ready by May 1.” Infantry Greatest Need. Foch—"“I do not think they can be used before May 5, but the more we put into the Hne the better it will be. Your 77th Diyision has arrived, I see. e 3d and 5th?” ‘The infantry of the 3d and that of the 5th will Pershing— has arrived, soon follo Foch— What we need now is in- fantry, especially the British, on ac- count of the present crisis. That is why the Supreme War Council at Ver- saflles recommended that all tonnage time being. I hope that America may send over as much infantry as pos- sible during the next three months. The other arms to_complete your djvi- sions_can come afterward. ~What you think of that plan?” Pershing—"1 cangot commit myself to such a proposition. If nothing but infantry and machin® gunners are brought over, to the total of 360,000. it will be October or November before the artillery and auxiliary troops could arrive, and we could not foresee the formation of an American Army until next Spring.” Foch—I think your calculation is rather pessimistic, for we could begin bringing your other troops in August, but, without considering that point, we can furnish you with artillery and its personnel and you can have your divi- sions reconstituted beginning with Oc- tober. What would you propose in this connection?” Pershing—"1 think we should limit the transportation of infantry to May, and that the artillery and auxiliary troops should come in June. They should not arrive more than a month later than the infantry. Under what conditions would you employ the Amer- ican Infantry units?” Dodges Final Decision. Foch—“A final decision cannot be made on that subject. That will evidently depend upon the degree of instruction of the units. In the crisis that actually confronts the allied armics it is effectives that we lack The method of employing these units is a question to be handled in due medical research laboratories were placed in_the flying flelds. The work of these laboratories dem- onstrated that 61 per cent were capable of flying to 20,000 feet or more, 25 per cent should not fly above 15,000 feet and 14 per cent were unsafe above 8,000 feet. When selection and _classification were completed the great problem of the Alr Medical Service was to main- | tain the fiyers on a basis of high | physical efficiency. After a certain amount of continuous service the flyer would begin to show unmistakable signs ¢f deterforation. Until the Air Medical Service went to work flyers were per- mitted to continue until they broke. Their breaking was signalized some- times by simple failure to return from behind enemy lines; sometimes by be- coming mentally and nervously ex- hausted to the extent of permanently unfitting them for flying. Id ‘There are only three means by which {the fiver's usefulness may | nated in war !ond, by First, by the enem the failure of the machine, and, third, by the failure of the fyer himself. | While it was not possible to arrive at exact percentages, estimates made at the time of our entrance into the war, based upon information from Italy, France and Great Britain, indi- on ‘the night of April 20-21, and had | Arriving at_Gen. Foch’s headquar- | The order would be the be devoted to that purpose for the | t do | | | A Soldier's Funeral. efficiency.” | Pershing | conditions | are to be and to fix “I would like to have the under which thes> units employed determined now, the time during which the nd brigades will be used Foch—"Make that subject.” I then explained the details of the system that was being followed where our divisions were in training with the | French, and the plan agreed upon with | th> British. I added that it was fully understood that if an emergency should arise while our troops were in training they would go Into battle as part of the divisions with which they were serving. Gen. Foch then said: “I do not doubt the excellency of the method, but in the crisis through which we are passing I return to the decision of the Su- preme War Council and I ask you to | transport during May, June and July only infantry and machine gun units, Will you consent?" Pershing—"No, I do not consent. I propose for one nfonth to ship nothing but infantry and machine gun units and after that the other arms and service of the rear troops pond.” your proposition on to corres- Calls on Gen. Bliss, Foch—“If you adopt the plan I propose you would have by July 31, 300,000 more American infantry.” | " Pershing—"“You said just now that {you would furnish the artillery and even artillerymen, ~which our divisions. ‘w transport our | along with our infantry?” | Foch—"I repeat that it is the In- {fantry of which we have the greatest need at this time. I would like to | have Gen. Bliss tell us the consider- | ations which led to the decision taken |by the Supreme War Council at Versailles.” | "'Bliss—"The collective note recom- mended to the United States to s:nd only infantry until the Supreme War | Council should give instructions to the contrary. The Government of the United States, in conformity with this | note and with th: recommendation of Then why not consent | Secretary Baker, consented to this plan. | | As far as the employment of the units on the front is concerned, the question should be decided by Gen. Pershing according to agreement with the com- | mander-in-chief to whose army they may be attached.” | Pershing—"I have been discussing this quesiion of training our units for | the last eight, months, first with Gen. Petain and then with Marshal Haig | The method agreed upon leads naturail to the formation of cons.ituted Ameri- | can’ divisions.” | “Gen. Foch sald he wished to see ‘Anuncln divisions constituted and an | American Army formed as large as | possible, but that the poliey he was advocating would have made it impos- sible to form an American Army with- out serious delay, if ever. Continuing, he said: ! May Be Too Late. “But do not forget that we are in the midst of a hard battle. take steps to prevent the disaster which |is threatened at present the American Army may arrive in France to find the | | British pushed into the sea and the French driven back behind the Loire, | while it tries in vain to organize on lost battlefields over the graves of allied soldlers.” He was assured that it was fully un- derstood that if an emergency should arise while our troops were in’ training with the British or French they would g0 into the battle and do their part. I then gave him the numbers to be shipped during May and told him that it had been agreed between the Brit- ish and ourselves to consider the ques- tion for June later. I informed him | that ‘the British shipping authorities now thought it would be possible within |the next three months to transport to France 750,000 men. | He was surprised to learn that ship- | ping enough had been found to bring | would _be | | joined with our infaniry to complete | artillery personnel | If we do mot | Ay | course and mccording to their [more serious situation unless increased | The matter was presented to me along numbers were put in training without delay. Supplementing the suggestion I | had ‘made verbally to Secretary Baker, the following cable was sent April 27 | T included, also, a reference to the nu !bers of partially trained men in divi- sions then arriving: | Wanted 1,500,000 Men. | “Regard it most imperative that there | |be no “delay in calling out a new draft |and the entire Summer season devoted |to instruction and training, so new | troops may be thoroughly and systemat- |ically trained without disturbing or- | ganizations when formed. Believe Ger- man offensive will be stopped, but allied aggressive must be undgrtaken as early as possible thereafter, and Ameri- can forces must be in posTiion to throw in their full weight. Recommend that a call be- issued at once for at least | one million and a_half ‘men.” A reply. dated May 2, concluded: “Impracticable to draft one million and a half at one time. Draft already called will fill all divisions now organ- ized and all other troops for second and | third phases. Question of organizing new divisions under consideration. We now have troops of all classes under | training in replacement camps.” | With reference to the German attack | at Scicheprey on the 26th Division the night of April 20-21, mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, that point was the focus of a German raid covering a | three-kilometer {ront extending west from the Bois de Remieres. It came during & heavy fog and was a complete surprise to cur troops, wno were con- siderably outnumbered. Seicheprey was taken by the enemy, but co-operation was re-established throughout the di- vision and the original front was re- captured on the following day. In this affair we jost 1 officer, 80 en- listed men killed; 11 officers, 176 en- listed men, wounded; 30 officers, 211 en- | listed men, gassed, and 5 officers, 182 en- | listed men missing and_prisoners. The losses of the enemy in kilied and wound- £d were reported as even greater. Artillery and Airplanes. My diary notes the following: “Paris, Tuesday, April 30, 1918. Con- | gress has wisely passed an act providing | for indemnity to allies for damage by our troops abroad. “On Sunday took up with Jordon, of | the ordnance, the subject of heavy guns from French, and with Foulols their | production of airplanes back from Italy, favors sending Amer- ican troops there. Left for Chaumont | in_evening. | “Maj. Gens. John L. Hines and | Brewster called yesterday, and Martin | Egan came for confidential conference.” | "We were never quite c:rtain of ob- taining airpanes and heavy artillery from the allies, as material and expert labor for their manufacture were never | fully up to requirements. Notwith- | standing their frequent promises, the cancellation by the French of our early contract for airplanes created an un- | certainty that made it difficult to plan !efther for the training of our aviation personnel or their participation in operations. So far we had received no planes from home and none from the French except & few for training pur- poses. | * "My conference with Gen. Foulois was based on & proposition purporting to ad- | vocate closer co-operation with the | French emanating from their minister of munitions, M. Loucheur, and con- tained in a letter from the undersecre- tary for aeronautics. The minister suggested that the French should increase their output of | airplane bodies of various types and | that we should confine ourselves to the | production of Liberty engines and pos- | sibly also undertake the manufacture of a particular type of motor, which they | recommended. " Analysis of the proposal | showed that, if adopted, we should have | to abandon our plans for the manufac- j ture of planes at home and furnish the | French additipnal raw material and | probably expert labor. Suggestion Is Rejected. ‘We were always keen for co-operation that would advance the common cause, cated that not more than 2 per cent|OVer o many and, while insisting that |but production under this plan would of the aviation losses in active service were caused by the enemy. Failures of the plane were responsible for only that the science pf | Ught losses, due, of course, to the rigid inspection of the machines. State- | the total number of fiyers permanently incapacitated during the war, not more than 8 per cent could be attribu- ted to mechanical shortcomings of the lane or engine. Injuries Were Reduced. | The remaining 90 per cent loomed large when it was realized that this | proportion represented trouble in the fiyer himself. | It was cbserved that more than half b « t it is essential to obtain | of the injuries in crashes were caused | yers who are especially fitted for this | by .the fiyer striking his head against | | the cowl. The cowl was cut out to | this change practically eliminated the head injuries. A safety belt was Jashed | to the machine by a simple rubber shock absorber, and the number of | injuries to the upper abdomen and ribs was Teduced decidedly. The problem | of protecting the fiyer against the ex- { treme cold of high altitudes in Winter was solved by designing electrically warm clothing. The Dreyer oxygen ap- paratus was used to compensate for lack of sufficient oxygen in high alti- tudes, It became evident during the last | months of the war, through activities of nutritional survey parties of the fcod division of the surgeon general's office, that there was great need in each avia- tion camp for a nutrition officer. The nervous system is more highly dif- ferentiated than the muscular system and more easily upset by improper food. Under date of November 20, 1918, Secretary of Wai “Our aviators have no equals in daring or in fighting ability, and have left a record of courageous deeds that will ever remain a brilliant page in the annals of our Army.” Tomorrow, final chapter—Inside story of the Liberty engine. (Copyright, 1931. by North American News- paper Alliance.) P | Gen. Pershing said in a Teport to the | |we continue the May program into | June, said that if it was possible to | transport any such numbers he saw no reason why whole divisions should not |soon be transported. Nevertheless, & demand fcr special shipments of infan- [try and machine gun units. | The shipping situation, as brought {out in conference with the American | members of the Shipping Committee | April 26, did not appear as favorable {as we had been led to believe. Only two newly built vessels had been deliv ered, and our shipbuilding program was | not 'yet far enough along to count as an important factor, although prospects were that the rate would soon begin to increase. 2,000,000 Tons Shortage. A full study made by the American port Council of the demands to be made upon allied and neutral tonnage for military, naval and general needs showed an estimated shortage of nearly 2,000,000 tens. It was obvious that the allied program for strengthening the western front must be carried out if possible. Therefore, all possible meas- | ures for the economical employment of |every available ton of shipping, espe- | clally for freight, were given considera- | tion at our conference. quirements of merchant tonnage by a joint examination of the naval pro- | grams; second, that considerable ship- reducing military and naval activities in theaters of the war other than the western front: third, that further re- ductions in allied civillan imports might be made temporarily, and, finally, that insistence upon the adoption of unified |action in the supply services by the al- lies on the western front, already sug- gested, would result in & material sav- ing of tonnage. heartily approved of the above rec- A.vmmcndl'.lon'fo :l'ln‘ut l;lntt & cable to ‘Washington at effect. Con!r'on'bfl. as we were, by the lack of trained men at this time, it evi- dent that we should within months find ourselves delegates to the Allied Maritime Trans- | It was thought, in the first place, that | the allied navies could reduce their re- | | ping could be saved by suspending or | not have been hastened. Moreover, the | proposition was decidedly advantage- |ous to the French. Our experience so | far had not been such as to give con- | fidence in their fulfiliment of an agree- ments from all scurces agreed that of |feW days later he made a still stronger |ment of this sort, so the suggestion was | politely rejected. A few days later a British air repre- | sentative also sought joint co-operation | with us. The proposal he made was |that we should limit our construction, |other than for training purposes, to |long-range strategic bombing aircraft and the manufacture of Liberty engines |and that the British would supply us | aircraft for purely American operations. e Excursion MIAMI ROUND TRIP From WASHINGTON Feb. 21, 28— March 1, 2, 3 SPORTING EVENTS Walker-Risko Fight 'y Fig) Full Information City Ticket Office 714 14th St. N. W. Telephone National 0637 SEABOARD AIR LINE RAILWAY “Through the Heart of the South” Gen. Crozier, | | with a prepared telegram to be sent to | Lord Reading stating that we and the French concurred. I inquired how it came that the French had agreed 9 this without con- sulting us, and it was found that the plan had not yet been taken up with them. I then told the British repre- sentative that when the air services of the allied armies reached an agreement regarding this proposal I would consider t. This was the last we heard of it. Such incidents as these showed the tendency to gain advantage and caused us to doubt the sincerity of proposals for co-operation in such matters. In discussing unity in general, the failure of the Italians to place their armies under the supreme command on | the western front was frequently men- | tioned, and 1t was feared in high places | that there might arise another danger- ous situation similar to Caporetto, but all hesitated to take any action. From the military standpoint the western | front really extended to the’ Adriatic | Sea, and support for the Italians in case of disaster would have to_come, as be- fore, from the armies in France. Ambulance Will Take Nar-| cotic Raid Figure to Canada Despite Subpoena. By the Associated Press. COLDWATER, Mich, February 18— Preparations were made this morning to remove W. Perkins Bull, K. C., To- ronto barrister, from a hospital here, where he was brought after an automo- | bile accident early yesterday in which his right hip was fractured. Relatives planned to take Bull in an ambulance to Detroit and thence to Canada. Bull, whose Chicago apart- ment was visited recently by Federal narcotic agents, was under subpoena to appear today before a master in chan- cery in Ghicago at a hearing on an in Jjunction asked by Dr. John Streeter Sidley, estranged husband of Mrs. May- belle Horlick Sidley, daughter of the malted milk magnate. Sidley is seeking to enjoin Bull from alleg-dly émploying private detectives to shadow him. Horlick Official Hurt, Bernard Magruder, a vice president of the Horlick Maited Milk Co., who was riding with Bull at the time of the acci- dent, was hurt, but was able to go back to Chicago yesterday. Carl F. Moore, driver of the automobile, suffered a fractured knee. He is in the hospital here. The accident occurred at 5 am. yesterday on U, S. Highway No. 112, near Quincy, Mich., the Bull car crash- ing into the trailer of a motor truck. No Halt Asked. Sheriff L. R. Green said today that no request Was received from Chicago to prevent Bull's departure, Yederal agents who visited Bull's apartment Saturday night also went to the apartment of Mrs. Sidley. Attorneys for the two later described the visits as a “mistake,” saying the agents had con- fused a code used by them in connec- tion with the divorce suit as having some connection with smuggling. RAID HELD “BLUNDER.” Instigators and Motive Unknown, But Chicago Speculates. CHICAGO, February 18 (#).—The Chicago Tribune said today that the mystery of the recent temporary deten- tion of W. Perkins Buil, Canadian barrister, and Mrs. Maybelle Horlick, American heiress, had simmered down | to a speculation ‘as to the identity of the persons responsible for raids on | their Chicago apartments. The raids, the paper said, were in- spired by some person or persons un- known, whose motive was best known to themselves, adding that Daniel An- derson, Assistant United States Attor- ney, and the narcotic agents had said Ttaly Follows Allies. ‘The question was a delicate one, but President, War, Italian. government the propriety of completing the unity of command by placing its armies under the same con- trol'as the others. It was believed that the Ttalian cabinet might be willing to take the step if it could be done in such a way as to prevent hostile criticism among their own people. It was thought that if the suggestion should come from the British or the French, especially the latter, it would very likely be regarded with suspicion, whereas none could ascribe any but the highest motives to President Wilson in making such a move. However, the question came up for discussion at the next meeting of the Supreme War Council, which was held at Abbeville,! and the authority of Gen. Foch was ex- tended to include the Italian armies. This completed the unity of command from the North Sea to the Adriatic. | _ ‘Tomorrow: Clemenceau incensed at | British-United States arrangement for | training of some of our divisions. through the Secretary of (Copyright. 1931, in all countries by the North American Newspaper Alliance. World rignts reserved. including the Scandinavian. Reproduction in whole or tn part prohibited.) FIRE WALKERé B;\fiRED; PROMOTER WILL APPEAL | Chicagoan Coming to Capital to Plead for Entry of Natives From Tahiti. | By the Associated Press. SAN FRANCISCO, February 18— | from bringing 20 Tahitian fire walkers |to the United States, Willlam Jacobs, Chicago promoter, arrived here yester- |day from the Island of Raiatea en route ruling. The American consul at Papeete re- fused to vise the French passports that had been issued to eight native men and 12 girl members of a tribe of fire walkers of the tiny South Pacific island. The natives Jacobs had recruited for a tour of the United States participated |only & few days before the boat sailed in two fire demonstrations, witnessed by several hundred natives and Euro- peans, and at the conclusion walked across a fire pit upon the red-hot stones without apparent discomfort to bare eet. ILLITERACY DECREASES | Census Bureau Reports on Mary- land Are Favorable. Tlliteracy in Maryland decreased from 5.6 per cent of the population more than 10 years of age in 1920 to | 3.8 per cent in_1930. A Census Bureau report today showed 49,910 f{lliterate in a popula- tion of 1,324,241 more than 10 years of age. Of this number 25,073 were col- ored, 13,202 native-born whites, 11,539 forelgn-born whites and 96 of other races. ‘The number of persons between 5 and 20 years of age attending schools | in 1930 were 322,141, as compared with it occurred to me to suggest to the | that he might intimate to the | | Prevented " by immigration regulations | | to Washington to seek a reversal of the they found no evidence to justify any suspicions of any illicit traffie. | "I am convinced,” Anderson was | quoted as saying, “that this whole affair was a blunder on the part cf the Gov- ernment.” The auto accident was the third of a | series of events involving Mr. Bull, Mrs. Sidley and other members of the Hor- | lick family. The first was the Dr. Sid- |ley suit, the second was the raid by | Federal ‘narcotic men last Priday eve- | ning upon the Chicago apartments of | Bull and Mrs. Sidley and their deten- | tion in Chicago for six hours. PACKING HOUSE WORKER CONVICTED IN SLAYING Virgil Pointer Was Accused of Killing Officer of Firm Which Employed Him. | By the Associated Press. | TOPEKA, Kans., February 18.—A | jury yesterday convicted Virgil Pointer, former packing house worker, of the second degree murder of Roy Kramer, | vice president of the Kaw Packing Co. which employed Pointer. Judge Otis E. Hungate of Shawnee County District Court, said he would pronounce sentence Saturday. A prison term of not less than 10 years is man- Pdatory. ‘The jury deliberated the case more than five hours. Pointer confessed he killed Kramer, but said he did it at the behest of Louis H. Kimmel, former president of the packing company. Kimmel was acquitted last December on & murder charge after Pointer testi- fied against him. OIL IMPORT HEARINGS CONCLUDED IN HOUSE | Mellon Leaves Policy to Congress on Bill to Set 16,000,000 Barrels Restriction. Hearings were concluded yesterday by the House Ways and Means Committee on the Capper-Garber bill to limit im- portations of oil to 16,000,000 barrels annually for the next three years. Chairman Hawley said the committee Woul:d take final action later in the week. As’ the hearing wound up, & letter was received from Secretary of the Treasury Mellon saying that the ques- tion of limiting the oil import was purely a congressional matter. “The Treasury Department expresses no opinion as to the policy involved, which is one for the Congress to de- termine,” Mellon sald in response to a request for his position. He added, however, it was believed there would be no difficulty on the part of the Treasury in enforcing the bill if it _became a law. Earlier in the day Commissioner East- man of the Interstate Commerce Com- mission wrote the House Commerce Committee that the commission declined to “oppose or approve” the Hoch bill to divorce major oil companies from their interstate pipe lines. Competitions for 71 classes of choirs, vocal solos and instrumentalists will be held at this year’s musical festival in 266,529 in 192 Glasgow, Scotland. The Bank that Makes You a Loan with a Smile &g For each 360 or Jraction borrowed you agree to de- it $5 @ month due. Deposits be made you fer. The terms of Morris Plan Loans are simple and practical and fair —it is not necessary to have en account at this Bank to borrow. Loa - or two after filing .-‘ft 1 } ::’ tion— tions. MORRIS PLAN 0 t0 12 months. MORRIS PLAN BANK Under Supervision U. S. Treasury 1408 H Street N. W. “Character and Earning Power Are the Basis of Credit” T~ Unruly Freshman Is Shot by Hazers At Mexico School Seniors Forbid “Gringo| Customs” for Members | of First Class. By the Assoclated Press. MEXICO CITY, February 18—A toms” in the National University, backed up by a “terror committee” of upper classmen, today counted among its casualties a freshman in a nearby hospital with & bullet wound in his leg. As a consequence of the fracas, which occurred in the School of Plastic Arts, univegsity. authorities today considered pmm&un' all carrying of pistols by students save by special permit. The shooting occurred when the freshman, Manuel Jimencz Ceballos, who wore sideburns, rebelled at having his head shaved by senior students. He broke away and ran, whereupon the student, who had been appointed barber, vigorous campaign against “Gringo cus- | | e § ALICE PAUL PLANS MILITANT DRIVE Notifies Aides Herz She Will Deluge League With Equak ity Pronacanda. By the Associated Press PFrom the headquarters on Capitol Hill of the National Women's Party tactics Alice Paul tested years ago on United S.ates Senators are being applied today to League of Nations delegates. ‘The picturesque leader of the party, |now in Geneva campaigning for :nter- | national women's rights, has_arranged for dcluges of cables and letters to descend upon the delegates. She has informed her colleagues here of a new amb'tion—to write into the covenznt of the League an equal rights treaty clause. Writing Seven-Volume Work. drew his gun-and shot him in the leg. ‘The actlvities of the “terror commit- tee” were most in evidence about the Jaw school, where wearing of spats, go- ing hatless, sideburns, carrying of canes, and other “Gringo customs” by fresh- men were under a strict student ban. ‘The ban was extended yestérday to include use of chewing gum and several freshmen who defled the order had their mouths scoured with flour. Other vio- lators were qucked in a water vat. SENATOR WATSON HEADS INDIANA STATE SOCIETY Three Other Members of Congress Given Offices at Meeting of Organization. Four members of the Indiana con- gressional delegation were elected to offices in the Indiana State Society last night at a meeting held in the Willard Hotel. Senator James E. Wat- son was elected president and Senator Arthur R. Robinson, Representative Ar- thur H. Greenwood and Louis Ludlow and Mrs. John Mock were named vice presidents. Other officers included Miss Meda Ann Martin, secretary; John A. Huston, financial secretary; Victor L. Garrigus, treasurer, and Roscoe Fertich, Mrs. Frederick Ballard, James W. Bald- win, Ralph Roberts and Leslie O. Tay- lor, members of the Executive Com- miitee. A reception to the congressional del- egation from the State and their wives followed a program of entertainment. Phil den presented a group of dancers from his studio and Miss Oba Jan Gibson sang. Dancing concluded the program. Dr. A. H. Rhodes, Steuart Pisher and Charles Steele of Princeton, Ind., were guests of Senator Robinson. —_— More than halt the $750,000,000 fund for Spain’s railway improvement plan has been ed. B o Northwest 14th and P sts. — Day’s Pharmacy. 1135 14th st. — Marty's Cigar & Magazine Store. 17th and Que sts.—Ken- ner’s Pharmacy. 15th and U sts. — G. O. Brock. 2901 Georgia ave. — Har- vard Drug Store. 2012 14th st.—Colliflower Art & Gift Co. 3401 14th st.—Bronaugh's Pharmacy. 14th and Buchanan sts.— - Hohberger’s Pharmacy. 14th st. and Colorado ave. " —O'Donnell’s Pharmacy. 32(})} Mount Pleasant st.— . lount Pleasant Cigar & News Shop. 1773 Columbia rd. — The Billy Shop. 2162 California st. — Co- lodny Brothers. Wardman Park Pharmacy. N.Y, N.J,aves. and M st. —Sanitary Pharmacy. 1st and K sts.—Duncan’s Pharmacy. 7th and K sts.—Golden- (time clerk’s desk) 7th and O sts. — Lincoln Drug Store. 7th st. and R. I. ave.—J. French Simpson. 11th and M sts. — L. H. Forster’s Pharmacy. 9th and U sts. — M. H. Hunton’s Pharmacy. Ga. ave. and Upshur st.— Petworth Pharmacy. 221 Upshur st. — Monck’s Pharmacy. 5916 Ga. ave.—Brightwood Pharmacy. Ga. ave. and Kennedy st. —Lampkin’s Pharmacy. 2901 Sherman ave.—Sher- man Avenue Pharmacy. 6224 3rd st. — Stewart’s Pharmacy. 1905 Mass. ave. — Dupont Pharmacy. 18th and Fla. ave.—Bern- stein’s Drug Store. Fla. ave. and 1st st. — Reiskin. North Capitol st. and R. I. ave. — Parker's Phar- macy. 1742 Pa. ave. — J. Louls Krick. ' 21st and G sts.—Quigley’s Herbst’s Pharmacy. 3315 Conn. ave. — Joll's Newsstand. 55(():0 (iona. ave. = Circle ‘onfectionery Store. Wlmsfn d Ma- — _omb st.—Harryg, Taft. 4231 Wisconsin ave.—¥Mor- . gan Bros’ Pharmady. Takoma Park, 359 Cé st. — Mattingly Brag! Pharmacy. | shall Though her own country is not & member of the League, Miss Paul is credited with promoting the only three resolutions to further nationality rights of women ever adopted at Geneva. With years of strenuous banner bearing behind her, Miss Paul went to Geneva on a purely scholastic mission— to put finishing touches on seven huge volumes combictely but clearly defining the nationalitv rights of women in countries of the world. She wanted any woman, anywhere, able to find out where she stood by turning to the seven volumes. Wants Discrimination Ended. Now Miss Paul is trying to wipe out the results of her own stupendous labor in a single treaiy sentence saying there be mno discriminations between women and men Jailed with Lydia Pankhurst in Eng- land, and one of the most tenacious of the hunger strikers in Holl Jail, Alice Paul was the subject of an inter- national exchange of notes in the Taft administration. She returned home to inject militant methods into the suffrége campaign. Her inspirations for making that cam- paign spectacular were quite a problem to police up to the wery day of ratifica- tion of the nineteenth amendment. She then drafted the equal rights amend- ment, for which her followers are still campaigning, and set herself to the life work of writing the legal history of women in the United States, and com- piling laws of all nations on women's nationality rights. iz g L Signature Clothes in Paris. To be really up-to-date in Paris one must wear signed clothes, declares expert. Facsimile llfnlhn’el are woven into one's sleeve and ADVERTISENENTS ReceiveD HERE A Classified Ad in The Star Will Supply That Want —and copy left at any of the Branch Offices will catch the first available edition, insuring prompt publication. These Branch Offices are located throughout the city and the nearby suburbs. There’s one in your neigh- borhood—make use of it—it’s for your convenience. Georgetown 30th and P sts.—Morgan Bros.’ Pharmacy. 30th and M sts.—Brace's Pharmacy. 3411 M st. — Moskey's Pharmacy. 2072 Wisconsin Haney's. Wisconsin ave. and O st.— Donahue’s Pharmacy. 35th and O sts. — Sugar’s Drug Store. 5104 Conduit rd.—Modern Drug Store. ave — Northeast 208 Mass. ave. — Capitol ‘Towers Pharmacy. 4th and H sts. — Home Drug Store. 907 H st.—Garren’s Music Store. 12th and Md. ave.—Luck- ett’'s Pharmacy. 7th and Md. ave. F. Bradley. North Capitol and Eye— Kenealy’s Pharmacy. 20th and R. I. ave. — lins' Pharmacy, Wood- ridge. 3500 12th st. — Brookland Pharmacy, Brookland. 4th and R. I ‘ave—John G. Biggs’ Pharmacy. — Louls Southwest § 10th st. and Va. ave.— Herbert’s Pharmacy. 316 41 st—Harrls' Drug Store. P 4% and L sts—Columbia Pharmacy. Southeast 3rd and_Pa. ave—O'Don- nell’s. Drug Store. 8th and Eye sts. — F. P, Weller’s Pharmacy. 11th and Pa. ave. — Fea~ ley’s Pharmacy. 1907 Nichols ave., Anacos- tia—Healy's Drug Store. 13th and East Cap. sts.— Lincoln Park Pharmacy. 2204 Minnesota ave.— Twining City Drug Store. No fees in connection with this service—only regu- lar rates are charged.. ~