Evening Star Newspaper, February 15, 1931, Page 4

CANAL'S “DEFENSE” LAUNCHED BY NAVY “Blue” Fleet, With Many Planes, Defending Panama Against “Enemy” Ships. By the Associated Press. U. 8. 8. ARKANSAS, in Canal Zone ‘Waters, February 14.—Smoke rolled to- night from the funnels of American warcraft, ready at midnight for the beginning of the annual American Jmaneuvers off the Pacific Coast fama, with all uml‘ml ‘except the Asiatic Squadren participating. The “blue” fleet stood off the Canal hfll tonight with full steam up, await- the midnight hour, which will place naval communications on a war besis and thus veil its future move- ments. This force is the scouting fleet, normally in Atlantic waters. Somewhere out in the Pacific was the “plack” fleet, pressing on to attack the Panama Canal and the aupposeuls—f:r this problem—completed Nica waterway. It is the battle fleet, Wl ich operates in the Pacific. Summary of Problem. The summary of the problem is as The “black” fleet—the enemy—is composed of powerful battleships, eruisers gnd destroyers, carrying a large expeditionary army for land move- ments. It is approaching the Pacific Coast of Central America with the apparent intention of attacking the Panama and Nicaraguan Canals. Its present loca- tion is unknown, officers of the de- fending forces knowiag only that it left Californir. ports February 5 The “blue” or United States defend- ing fieet is assembled at Panama. It consists of all United States vessels umably available to meet an enemy Phpeat and comprises the battleships | an Arkansas, the great aircraft carriers Lexington and Saratoga with a large force of planes, nine six-inch gun cruisers, several submarines, a num of destroyers—but less than the “bhck fleet has. There also are a number of patrol planes of long radius. Air Forces Superior. The “blue” fleet is markedly inferior 40 the attacking force in strength and rflr of surface vessels but is superior ‘To. lccamp]i.sh its task of defendin the two canals the “blue” fleet mus destroy the enemy completely or inflict such severe damage as to forge it to withdraw. An enormous area of thou- sands of square miles of the Pacific Ocean must be combed to locate the “plack” fleet in time to deliver a strong m The war game will be played under redlistic conditions, including every- thing short of actually firing on or bombing the vessels. Strict rules evolved from the e: w?'fl. ence of the Naval War College will be followed by the observers and umpires. Ships subjected to simulated gun and torpedo fire or bombing will be ruled turuslvely damaged, acccrding to l.he tensity and duration of attack, and ‘Thereafter they will PLAYLET T0 FEATURE HADASSAH BIRTHDAY Jewish Community Center Talks T“Planred for Anmiversary of Chapter Here. idresses and the presentation of & let will feature a celebration of t.hlrteent.h bl.rthdly anniversary 0{ Hadassah in metlu is to be under the lead- Mrs. Harry Levinson, chair- the chapter’s Birthday Com- w}et. written ‘be presented wuh the Iol- Norinal Kal, Mrs. Toblas Nat- , Mrs. Sam Weinsteln, Mrs. Harry Glaceman, Mrs. Maurice Bisgyer, Mrs. L. Levinson, Mrs. Harry Shapiro and ' M¥s. Abe Shefferman. District of Columbia—Fair, continued eold today; tomorrow fair, rising tem- ture. ryland—Fair, continued cold to- ; tomorrow fair, rising temperature. irginia—Fair, slightly colder in solitheast portion today; tomorrow fair, ly rising temperature. est Virginia—Fair, not 8o cold to- ; tomorrow increasing cloudiness; 'lmD!l’lml’! Récord for 24 Preceding 10 O'Clock Last Nl‘hn. Temperature—~<Midnight. 55; 2 am., 45 ¢ am, 42; 6 am, 37; 8 m. 10 am., 29; 12 noon, 29; 2 p. 29; 4 pm, lpmnlnm”w . 24, ast, 85; lowest, 24. Tide Tables. (Purnished by United sw.u Coast and Geodetic Survey. Today—Low tide, 1:01 Im and 1:20 pm; high tide, 6:37 am. and 7:05 123 . Low tide, 1:50 am. and 2:07 pm.; high tide, 7:25 am. and 'l:,‘l pm. The Sun and Moon. il;edny—!un rose, 7:01 a.m.; sun sets, Tomorrow—Sun rises, 7:00 am.: ., 5:46 pm. foon rises 6:21 am.: sets 3:54 pm. Automobile lamps to be lighted one- half hour after sunset. Weather in Various Citles. ~Temperature ~ Pracipt. tarion. 8 sun Fri umn\ night. 8pm.8pm W) 002 0.34 83 0.02 0.20 0.08 EES S-Ft A S.5388 to | Gen. Hirschauer, |24 Army, who spoke 1n high praise of 4 | our soldiers. THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, My Experiences in the World War BY GEN. JOHN J. PERSHING, Commander in Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces. General Staff Censured for Replacing Trained Men for New Recruits for Service Abroad. BAKER PROVES-BOON TO AMERICAN PLANS Secretary Urged to Jog British Lest They Rely | Too Much on Strength} of Our Forces. CHAPTER XXXV. OW that the supreme effort inust be made on our part, and when units were sorely needed for immediate active service, it was found, much to my sur- prise, that although the divisions then coming to France had been under training for six months or even more, they still contained a large percentage of untrained men. This condition was mainly the result of a very grevious lack of appreciation | by the War Department of the urgency of continuous and thorough training of | comp?elt units. llreldy‘rotntod out, the general| stafl, when c upon to provide men | for special services, had relied upon taking them from combat divisions in- lteld of anticipating such ulnnwnu segregating these spec! the start and training them as lueh 'rm. Was & mnlt viclous application in time of war a very objectionable r | practice that hnd lxrovm up in our Army in time of mee t appears that during the prwul on of our armies in the W 'ar no other plan was followed, ‘tice was carried to such an it divisions with, say, 25,000 mm, which should have been held in- tact and each one perfected as an or- nmudwwum‘.i Y:rr: camu.nuzl e:hll:g upon sen o groups trained soldiers to other duties. Had to Start All Over. The numbers taken from time to time aggregated from 15,000 to 40,000 men for each division. As the War Depart- ment failed to establish a replacement system according to my recommenda- tion, green men were substituted, and as a result training had to be started all over again with each such reduction. Although the 34 National Guard and National Army divisions that eventual- 1y came to n—:x were. with t:o X ceng:m. ugust an b tember, 1917, they did not receive 'Xlllp: ing as cmnpl.v units from that time on. ' They were filled gradually, weeks and even months usually elapsing be- fore they reached full strength, and,| as we have scen, the personnel was not | per;:n:dnznt, but was constantly being Therefore, when the time came for service abroad, a very large proportion of the mesn in these divisions had lit- tle or no lence, and the training of the unit as a whole had been seri- ously delayed. Moreover, training methods at home had not improved, as pnpuntlon for trench warfare still pre- nated. All this was raging w their ~officers, ”31 m to morale, and worst of all it threw upon the A. E. F. an extra burden of training and resulted in our having a number of divisions nnly plnillly trained when the time ‘The l.ndletums 'are thnt mwmlnl units would soon have to be put in the {front lines, with no time to carry out a complete course of training in France for units com; largely of recruits. I, therefore, sent a vigorous protest on the subject of taking men out of the units in mlmn? the necessity of open warfare exml.lu for all nizations including the di- vision. urgency of target practice and musketry training of platoons and compay companies was o m:-ed. tm: was requeste no over without four months ol lntenllw training. Recruits to Face Veterans, ‘This condition of thi signalized the faflure on the part of the general staff at home to realize that their most important function was to Aurervlse‘ the organization and training of com- | 51;'9 divisions for combat and provide | m with equipment and supplies. | Their obligations to the armies in thel fleld were not fulfilled by merely send- | ing units carelessly prepared and with | an undue proportion of green officers lnd men to it against trained veter- ans. Only 300,000 men the col- had s the {olnt note, No. 18. be likely to need by ::g and ot pumn; them in training at Baker seemed willing to do 80, but pointed out that this would ably cause s shoi of labor for planting and harves the crops. thought this demand nulht to be met in some other way and that the military needs, under the circumstances, were of first importance. My notes the following: “Paris, Sunday, April 7 1918. to Chasumont on sccompante by Col. Boyd and um ' Adamson, my secretary. Mr. Baker remained in “Yesterday saw part of the 1st Di- vision at Toul entraining for the Somme. Found Gen. Bullard Il in hospital. Visited 26th Division in quiet sector, but anxious for active employ- ment. Saw 2d in line south of Verdun, equally keen. At Soully called on Maj. commanding French ‘Went “Came to Paris this afternoon, and The Bank that Makes You a Loan with a Smile The terms of Morris Plan Loans are simple and practical and fair not necessary to have had an account at this Bank to borrow. —it due. Deposits may be made on a weekly, nmi~ monthly monthly bah w you prefer. MORRIS PLAN BANK Under Supervision U. S, Treasury 1408 H Street N. W. “Character and Earning Power Are the Basis of Credit” and emphasized again | Lord led | T had received any intimation that The Doughboys fraternizing with French peasants. Mr. Baker and I conferred with Gens. Whigham and Hutchinson, British war office, on shipment and use of American troops. Discussed with Gens. Ford and Dawn-y from British G. H | Q. the training of our iroops with British. Secretary Baker left this eve- ning for Brest, en route home.” In view of their possible early em- fioymem 1 wanted especially to look to the inerll state of efficiency of our avallable divisions and give some personal instructions sbout _training. Going the rounds I met Gen. H auer, who was one of the able P‘reneh generals, and found him very enthusi- astic about the 2d, which had been in line at Sommedieue under his com- mand, confirming my own opinion formed from observation and reports. He said that without doubt it was then as efficient as any of his French divi- sions. The 1st was further advanced than any of the others and its morale was high at the prospect of going into the battle line. Consternation in War Department, Recent developments had brought the quu'.wn of the employment of Ameri- troops into immediate considera- '.Inn ‘The President's qualified approval of the recommendation of the Supreme War Concil, as embodied in joint note No. 18, was seized upon by the allies and construed as a concession for the unlimited absorption of our troops in their armies. No doubt my offer to Gen. Foch Jent encouragement to allied view. At the conclusion of the Beauvais con- ference Mr. Lloyd George told me that a cable had been received from | Lord Reading, British Ambassador at ‘Washington, stating that he had g— proached President Wilson with e view of obtaining the dispatch to Europe of 120,000 Infantry and ma- chine flm units per month, beginning with pril, provided the necessary shipping could be obtained. 120,000 Troops in April. The following day a cable came from the Wer Department, quoting informa- tion received through British shipping channels, as follows: “We have informed war cabinet that | ln shi) tng Dmvided by Great Britain embark in Amer- ica ‘i Avrll oo 60,000 er. Ad- | miral Sims’ estimate of carrying power of American troop fleet is 52,000 per month. In addition there is certain Dutch tonpage available for use by America and we are obtaining use of certain Italian tonnage. In total it is considered that 120,000 Amenun troops can be embarked in Apru and, if anything, rather more following months. “In view of urgent military needs Readi has approached the President with the view of obtaining to Europe between now and July, In. fantry and machine gun units nnly Men to be brigaded with British and French divisions on the same basis %5 in case of six-division plan. This means using ‘ all troop-carrying ships to carry American Infantry vlu'wut reference to recent controversy. President agrees that all possible measures must be taken to insure max- imum use of troop tonnage.” The receipt of this plan from British sources evidently created something like consternation in the War Depart- ment, judging from its cabled com- ments, in which it was stated “this program would practically stop all ;hlpmenu of artillery, technical units, service of rear, Army and corps troops.” British Understanding. On the day of the Secretary’s de- parture Gens. tham and Hutchin- son came over from, the British war office to discuss arrangements for the 'nmpcmuon of American troops in accordance witn the provisions of The _conversation dicated that the British understood we were to send 60,000 men per month to train with them and that they were over the same number' making (3 1 of 120,000 begin- ning with April. held that the President’s approval ol note No. 18 had .w&'rudm ents viously , including the six-division plan. ‘The whole tenor of the conversation showed that the Bm.uh then mlrdbd it as certain our to be used to bulld ug tha mnea lnd mlb- ish armies. But neither Mr. President had eed to the menumfi in the above cable, his qualified approval of Note 18 dm not. commit us any such ug;fl gram as the British claimed. - over, I was o to any commitment that would tie our hands and make it impossible to form an American Army. My attitude toward the proposal was made perfectly clear. Mr. Baker knew nothing more than the decl ulned in the joint note, which muu 'mnf“snnm conferees entirely ignored lmuupu- The | cision. FEBRUARY 15, 1931—PART OME. s S VISTRECALLS happy, and the welcome of the civil population of France has been met by our soldiers with chivalrous apprecia- %" sre Buing up » gres “We are bul 8 up a t army to vindicate a great cause and the spirit which you are showing, the courage, the resourcefulness and the zeal f P-rl‘ British Lagging. Before Mr. Baker sailed for home, fearing that I would net have a further opoortunity of seeing him, I had sent him the letter quoted below, and al- though we later discussed its contents briefly, it is given as showing the reac- !hl{::a:l‘ltp‘fiofflle!flm press “Al 5, 1914 “Dear Mr. Secretary: & % other day that one itish of the necessity of depleting the smnnh of the forces kept at home for defensive purposes. “This suggests tv my mind a certain political phase of the British situation which may give us additional explana- tion as to why Mr. Lloyd George and British representatives are m urgent in thelr appeals for assistance from Amr The train of thought leads me to ca.ucelve the existence of a condition that may be fraught with danger to the cause, in that it indicates a serious lack of co-operation between the civil and military authorities of Great Brit- aln, as was also indicated to m in some of the wnn 1 nmfl you y“';;fi:y'm; this furthe it er, may I gest that you give the matter url‘._lu thought. There is so very much at stake for us that it seems to me very frank representations should be made Urgency of e putiing o i ”um"‘; eir puf nf e every possible man that can be mus- tered to meet the immediate emer- gency. It need not be pointed out that there is a limit to u'u rapidity with which our troops can be brought over, and there séems to me to be & real danger of the British llucll world al- lowing itself to be lulled into inaction upop the theory that the Americans are in a tion to meet all contingencles that may arrive. Every Man Needed. “It may be that you would think it Advinble to 'geo to London, or else to President by cable the umney n! Great Britain's putting into the ranks every possible man to wiLh- stand the present German onsial even if they have to th- draw them in six months, and of their doing so without walting on us or count- on us in the slightest degree. There be few enough men even with the best we all can do. It will be time enough for Great Britain to consider the defense of England after she has put forth every possible energy cn con- tinent. Here is the place to beat Ger- many, and not on British soll. In writ- ing this I have in mind what you mld ling available men m in the specific condition that the final ar- rangements as to training and dispo- nwm of all our units were to be left in my . Their error was poini out, and Mr. Baker then said: “What is pertinent to the present discussion 15 that American troops are to t.he British for training. I golng don't want the British blic or , | orga! . g ArmY. | With clear understanding and a logical mind, and obtained in a short time an accuer‘au conception of our task and its or the French public or army, to get an exaggerated idea that this scheme provides or will provide a means by which their losses will be made up in the future. “I want no feeling of disillusionment when Gen. Pershing calls for the troops | 8 entrusted to them for training.” The conference ended understanding that the 89, can infantry and machine gun units to be brought over by the British in April should go to them for training. It was also understood that the disposition of other troops would be left for later de- Certain deficiencies in land transportation, clothing and machine guns were to be provided by the British. ‘While they accepted this at the moment and declared that they thoroughly understood, that was not to be the last of it, as the whole question was taken up again in conference in London later in _the month. Mr. Baker's visit to our armies dur- ing this critical period was fortuitous, ith the 0 Ameri- - FINA as the spective. He had an opportunity to ted { meet the allied leaders, both civil ai military, and get in touch with con tions in the erent _countries. Of still greater importance, He was a keen ties. As to our relations, he the start that strong an which means so mucl the plans for sup- ing them. n Mr. Baker left it was felt that that | p the Nlull of his visit would be under his direction the War ment would function with . better there- understanding of our task, and fore with greatly increased efficiency and energy. Before sailing he sent the r, which was published to following le the command: Secretary’s Letter. “To the Officers and Men of the Ameri- can Expeditionary Forces in France: “After a thorough in: American expeditionary MENS WEAR problems that confronted us could then be seen in their true per he saw 'nh his own eyes the building of our 000 nization. ve me from 8] thetic Pun to a nn commander in the field, and I a lc!.hr te me d-hd January 17: The British government has llven th- mt anxious consideration to estion of the maintenance of the -ml- in the fleld during 1918 and, by mnlng every effort, there will become available for service at the front 449,- plus 100, up. additi there will be nlled up 100,000 men of lower ettegory who are not fit for the first linn. lus 120,000 lads of 18 years of ‘age, who will not be available for Mee the front tifl 1919. Please n; strictly secret.” “It may be that some of these have been called out, but I am in- arm that large numbe: held for hunudlhnn etk st i Tomorrow—Allies_fir finally awaken to need of provid!nl U. 8. wlt.h ing; enhg wants personally to lead rights rese, nm:’enu 1- wh 5 Street cars discarded in Chatham, England, o to increased auto traf- fic in the streets, are being sold for as little as 325 for use as bungalows, sports uses. forces I am re- pavilions and chicken ho T Ty 1 T S T S et | Our Regular $75—$65—$60 WINTER OVERCOATS '37° FANCY NEGLIGEE SHIRTS $155 Were $3.50 and ALL SALES FINAL .. . $3.00 FANCY NEGLIGEE SHIRTS $95 Were $6.00 and $5.00 ALTERATIONS AT COST Sidney West, Inc. 14th & G Sts. EUGENE C. GPTT, PRESIDENT v‘and | Moltke BATTLE OF JUTLAND Commander Says| named British Loss Was Twice That of Germany’s. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, February 14— lhewe' no! If any escaping was done English did it!" The speaker was Admiral A. Johannes von Karpf, 63 and white- haired, who commanded the cruiser Moltke in the famous battle of Jutland in the North Sea. The retired Admiral arrived today on the liner Albert Ballin with his daugh- ter, Victoria Louisa. Talking about the war or talking about the l(-\ur whom he visits onoce a rnDoornuhlk ing polities, he Loss by Mhlll Greater. But when he was asked if his escaped in the battle of Jutland his eyes flashed and an assembly of re- porters ln.rned m short order that the Moltke sunk Britain’s Queen Mary and disabled her Tgr and that England lost twice as much tonnage as Germany. The Moltke was struck several times, but she came out with colors nym. um m commander was made captain the German battleship Hindenberg lnd still later admiral of cruisers. Before the war the admiral was cap- shio | 1 tain of the imperial yacht % and before he took comman t’ lh:Lm 1910 ~he -u &ln Kalsers salling yacht, the bfl In United States Once Before. He has been in the United States only once before. That -1908 when he came over with. to sail the Meteor, built here, back home dl;ghhr )ll leu lt Ham| old sailor suffered no in. meur.m-(mmcwudmm“ & com WAy o 4 with a slight llmn T MRS. STELLA RIDGELY'S FUNERAL TOMORROW: Prince Georges County Resident. 50 Years Survived by Husband and Eight Children, By & Staff Correspondent of The Star. UPPER MARLBORO, Md., Febru: 14—Funeral services for Mrs. suu-‘g Ridgley, wife of John E. Ridgley, who died suddenly at her home this morn- ing, will be conducted from St. Mary's Catholic Church Monday morning at 0 o'clock. Burial will follow in Mount Caramel onmztery here. was born in Pennsyl- County neart sk’"” 5 ’é'n‘“fi °m"’"“ near! ears,’ She is su; by lnry hulhl)nd : ooh M., lllr; W., Mn E, Mrs. A., Loretta G., ufl James E., and grandchildren. The city of Paris will construct 17,- 000 low-rental apartments this year. Information for Car Buyers We, lhe Service Men of the Mid-City Sales Compzny 1711 14th St. N.W,, visited the Automobile Show on Thursday evening, Januvary 201h that we might see the inside of a Great Six Willys Knight Motor. Whereas they have been manufacturing them since June, 1929, we have never taken the cylinder head or the oil pan off any one that we have sold. Signed: DYER, irector of Service. P. C. CRABILL, Service Salesman. J. THOMAS, Service Salesman. C. M. BLADEN, Sho W. WIEDEMANN, H. HERLINGER, Superintendent. echanie. chanic, C. MONEY, Mechanic, G. WEAST, Mechanic. H. HINTON, Mechanic. S. KIDWELL, Mechanic. E. WRIGHT, Mechanic. Signed and sworn to before me this 14th day of February, 1931. William J. Chown Notary Public. Not one cent has ever been spent lor grinding valves in any Willys Knigh BRICKS TIMBERS of Unusual Size FOR SALE These BRICKS are of the hand-made era, cleaned ready for ‘and immediate use. The TIMBERS are of White Pine, of a size pnclk-lly obsolete, and particularly suitable for use in C for any other construction, as well A Dl i'l'ERl ALS, RBLE, PIPE, STEEL TRUSSES, ETC., from the old Center Market, at & Sl PPLIES reasanable price. WIDE ASSORTMENT OF BUILDING SUCH AS WINDOWS. DOO GLASS, R! El ‘RICAL For Prices apply to ‘H. Herfurth, Jr., Inc. General Contractors District National Bank Building Met. 4575 Office At Old Market District 5783 HOME OF SMITH SMART SHOES Well Folks: Once more your dollar shows that it's come to have more cents. Just Arrived ladio Jee” B3 500 Dazzling Spring Topcoats \ AN A\ N\ \ \ \ 1\;‘ R R[N TR - Best Values We Have Offered Since 1920