Evening Star Newspaper, January 20, 1931, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR WASHINGTON, D. C TUESDAY......January 20, 1931 THEODORE W. NOYES....Edito The Evening Star Newspaper Company ‘Business Office: 11th St wew Fork Pennsylvania Ave, &fee, 110 East i2nd st ago Office: Lake h} igan Building. ich! Shrovean Oice: ent St. Londun, 4 Res England. Rate by Carrier Within the City. e Evening Star .. 45¢ per month s Eiching mnd sinday ‘Siar (when 4 Sundays 2500 80c per month The Evening and Sunday Star when § Bundays) ... 85¢ ver month The Bunday Siar S Der copy Collection made at the end of each month. ders mav be sent in by mail or telephone [Ational 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. aily and Sunday.. . 1yr.$10.00: 1 mo.. 85 aily only JLD 1w 5600 1 mo.. 50c nday only ... 1vr., 34.00: 1mo.. 40c AN Other States and Canada. Dails and Sunday. | sr.$12.00: 1 mo. 590 Daily only . 78 | Bunday only 1yrl $5:00: 1 mo.s Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled o the use for republication of all news dis- atches credited to it or not otherwisc cred- itea 1n this ~aper and also the lacal news Dublighed herein. Al rizhts of publication of #pecial dispatches herein are also reserved. The Wickersham Report. President Hoover's National Commis- sion on Law Observance and Enforce- ment has submitted to the President and through him to Congress a report which declares against the repeal of the eighteenth amendment. It declares against return to the old conditions of the corner saloon. It demands that such benefits as have arisen under na- tional prohibition be precerved. On the surface. the summary of the report, to which the names of ten of the eleven commissioners are attached, favors a continuance of national prohibition, with certain changes to strengthen the enforcement of the law. ‘The summary, however, is misleading when the whole report is analyzed. The report signed by ten of the com- missioners is merely a presentation of facts and recommendations to which those commissioners were able to sub- scribe. One member of the commis- sion, Monte M. Lemann, declined to subscribe to the compromise report. Embodied in the who'e report of the commission are statements by each in- dividual member of the body. It is to these individual statements that re- course must be had to ascertain the real temper of the commission as a whole. They reveal the fact that a majority of the commission is opposed to national prohibition as it is now practiced under the eighteenth amendment and the Vol- stead act; that they do not believe that national prohibition under these condi- | tions can be enforced, and finally that a change must be made and without further delay. ‘The commission lines up on the ques- tion of change, meaning modification or repeal, as follows: Two for outright re- peal of the eighteenth amendment, five | for revision without delay and four for | a further trial of the present national | prohibition, with strengthened laws and added appropriations for enforcement Of the four who favor further trial, two say that if a big improvement in en- forcement of the dry laws is not forth- coming within a reasonable time, they, too, will favor revision of the eighteenth amendment. g The report of the commission, and also of the individual commissioners, is a severe indictment of prohibition enforcement as it has existed. An im- provement is declared to have taken place since the enactment of 1927 placing prohibition enforcement agents under civil service and since the trans- fer of the enforcement of the law from the Treasury Department to the Depart- ment of Justice. The report asserts emphatically that a real measure of enforcement of the dry laws has never been obtained and does not now obtain. ‘Written into the individual reports or‘[ several of the commissioners are sux-i gestions that it would be wise to test the sentiment of the people on the sub- Ject of national prohibition through a resubmission of the subject to them. ‘The proposal calls for State constitu- tional conventions to act upon the sub- Ject, with the delegates elected to the convertions for that sole purpose, in & year when no presidential or congres- sional elections are to be held. In the separate statement of Henry W. Anderson is contained a carefully prepared plan for “revision of the | THE EVENING STAR. WASHINGTON, D. C, TUESDAY. JALUARY 20, 1931 sition in another branch of the Gov- |Irish Free State. Bhe becomes complete ernment service where, presumably, his | mistress in her own vast house, as far qualifications as an engineer alone have | as purely domestic affairs are concern- been considered. Mr. King's selection as chief accountant was apparently made on the basis of his fitness as an expert and not because he won unin- vited acclaim as a “friend of the people” or as an “enemy of the power trust.” Mr. Russell alone has not been provided for. As he is a lawyer who has specialized in public utility regula- tion, he will, of course, be considered without prejudice in his possible ap- plication for service in sothe other branch of the Government. There should be no further efforts to find anything symbolic in the fact that the new Power Commission does not need his services But the appointment of Mr. King will not serve to mollify the Senate critics of the new comm'ssion. They have sought to make an issue of the i | commission’s selection of subordinate personnel. If the commission is now acting in deference to senatorial criti- cism, it cannot consistently appoint Mr. King without appointing Mr. Rus- sell. One prefers to believe that it is not, acting in deference to criticism, but is merely upholding its undisputed right to select its personnel according to its own judgment. P Let It Die! Additional amendments have been sent up to the Capitol to be tacked on to the patched Borland bill. One of them would cancel all assessments made during the past threc years under the old Borland law, invalidated by the courts, and reassess the property hold- ers under the proposed substitute law. Another provides that if sections of the law are declared unconstitutional by the courts, the ruling will not aficel the legality of what remains of the law The atiention of the membors of Congress is invited to the following language of the court in invalidating sections of the old Borland law (John- son v. Rudolph et al, 57 App. D. C), and it is suggested that the proposed new law be read with these points in mind: But this assessment must fail upon a still broacer and more equitable ground. The statute is not local in terms, nor is it here invoked to authorize a local improvement affecting especially the people adjacent to the avinue, but an improvement beneficial to the people of the District in general and to the coun- try beyond, in that the repaving of this avenue resulted in the paving of an old-established city siteet, as part of & boulevard scheme connecting Washing- ton and baltimore. Our attention has not been called to a case where a gen- eral repaving act providing for an arbi- trary assessment of the expenses or a portion thereof against the abutting property, regardless of resulting bene- fits, has been upheld. It may well be that conditions could exist so equitable and fair that an assessment on the front-foot plan might be sustained: but to do so there must be & relative equal- ity in the vaiue and depth of the abutting proper.y, and the assessments must not exceed the benefits. * * * Cooley, in his work on Taxation * * ¢ condemning the fronfage rule when ap- plied to a public street improvement, said: "It considers each lot by itself, com- pelling each to bear the burden of the Improvement in front of it, without reference to any contribution to be made to the improvement of any other property, and it is consequently withou any apportionment. From accidental circumstances the major part of the cost of an important public work may be expended in frent of a single lot; those circumstances not a: all con- tributing to make the improvement more valuable to the lot thus spscifi- cally burdened, perhaps even having the opposite consequences. But, what- ever might be the result in particular cases, tne fatal vice in the system is that it provides for no taxing dis ricts| whatever. It is as arbitrgry in prin- ciple, and would sometimes be as un- equal in operation, as a regulation that the town from which a State officer chanced to be chosen should pay his salary, or that the locality in which the standing army, or any portion of it, should be stationed for the time being, should be charged with its support. If would be. We are forced to the conclusion that there is no theory on which the legal- ity of this assessment can be sustained. If the paving of Rhode Island avenue be treated as an original improvement. converting-a highway into a paved city street, its consti utional infirmities are emphasized by recason of the existence of physical conditions forbidding any equal, falr or equitable application of the frontage rule of taxing benefits. If considered as a repair of the avenue, in the form of repaving it, its validity must be condemn:d for the additional considerations pointed out. bringing it within the scope of a general city im- provement. * ¢ ¢ The front-foot method of assessment for street improvement, under a gen- eral statute, is condemned specially on the theory that it taxes the individual eighteenth amendment and for au- thority of those States which wish to| permit the use of intoxicating bever- | ages to do so under governmental reg- | ulation. 1In considerable measure it { Property in the municipality. property fronting on the improvement for all or a fixed portion of the ex: pense. to the exemption of all other It is not a local improvem:nt, beneficial to the immediate proper.y affected. but a vib- lic improvement, the expense of wrich one is legitimate taxation, the other, ed. These will be regulated by an In- dian parliament modeled generally on the two-house system of the United States Congress. Mother Bitain holds out the olive branch to Mother India in frank re- | alization that many suns will set over the Himalayas before the “dominion of India” will settle into a contented unit of the empire. Mahatma Gandht is still in jail. His fanatical followers show {no disposition to receive uncomplain- ingly the sort of independence that is to be granted them. With it, the Brit- ish government proffers terms directly | designed to conciliate the Gandhi group. Upon its readiness to accept them, Lon- | don is aware, largely depends the work- !ability of the whole project. There is to be amnesty for India's 150,000 political prisoners if “civil or- | der” is restored. The Indian extremists will be invited to take part in the de- tailed deliberaticns necessary to set up the proposed new Indian government. Restrictions based on religion and caste {are to be lifted—a plain attempt to ban- ish the grave animosities that embitter | Mosiems and Hindus. The native ele- | ment will be urged and permitted to ettle their own communal problems— a reference, perhaps, to the delicate “untouchable” ssue. Early comment from Bombay, heads quarters of the Indian Nationalist or- ganization, is, as was to be expected, highly critical of and openly hostile to the scheme that has been evolved in London. Disappointment appears to be keenest over Premier MacDonald’s fall- ure to proclaim an immediate amnesty for political prisoners, including Gandhi instead of their provisional liberation following the return of “civil order It is inconcertable that the question of the political prisoners alone could wreck the plan which British statesmanship has generated. “You have opened & new chapter in the history of India” was King George’s message to the closing session of the round table in St. James' Palace. A grave responsibility to fhe public opinion of the world will rest upon those, in or out of India, who dare to turn back the pages of progress just | achieved at London. Civilized man- kind, in full appreciation of the Indian | people’s right . to self-determination, will measure the justice of their claims for more complete independence by the capacity they demonstrate to use wisely the wide-reaching charter of liberty now bestowed upon them. Fear of Communism grows less when- ever opportunity presents itself to ob- serve a Communist in action and he him try to explain his ideas and pur- poses. ‘The communistic lectual methods of vehement obscura- tion. e The change in the form of Niagara Falls is due to natural causes which have been pointed out for years. It would be beyond even the most impla- cable imegination to suspect that the power trust has been cherishing & !subtle motive and is working out a geological plot. - continues to send out notices world as to what fashionable women will be expected to wear. The French capital has been slow in get- ting the news that American women are | now selecting designs in attire for them- | selves under the guidance of artists over here. Paris to the e 2 i SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Ticket Taker Lectures. | T found it rather hard to wait | When they announced the big debate. | T was the first to buy a place Where problems of the human race | Were set forth with the greatest care. | There was a ticket seller there |Who said this much and nothing | more— | “Is plain that 2 and 2 make 4." | Seid I, “This man has found the thrill Of higher mathematic skill. While these debaters tell anew | Of dreams that will or won't come true, {Th's man has gained a thought im- mense I By contact with intelligence. | Deep subleties did he explore, | To lcarn that 2 and 2 make 4." | “2 cents, 2 dollars, or 2 pounds, Each doubled, as words make their | rounds, | With due persistence, may arrive THIS AND THAT ' BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Alternate freezing and thawing, as has taken place so often in this vicin- ity this Winter, threatens to add to the cumulative bad effect of the pro- longed drought. It is not freezing which hurts plants, but thawing and refreezing. A plant was made to live outdoors. It needs no does. Shrubs and evergréens and rose- bushes do not ask a covering to kcep blanket, as such, any more than a dog | In discussing lawns and grass seed the other day we overlooked the fact that some one might think it time to sow seed for a new lawn. It is, of course, far too early, although some author do advise the seed to be | sprinkled on a Winter snow and_thus permitted to sink into the soil with the melting of the snow. | We have never experimented with the {method. 50 cannoteither recommend t or frown upon it. To us it always them warm so much as they need it to |seemed as if it were taking a very long keep their frozen state intact. |chance. Grass seed cannot possibly ‘This will forever be a mystery to those | germinate at this time, but would lie| personality | favors the unusual but persists in intel- | bad home gardeners who feel somehow that a blanket ought to keep out the effects of freezing. Most_amateurs when they are told to put a “Winter mulch” on rose beds. or something of that sort, believe that what they are doing it for is to keep the roots warm. That is scarcely it. What they are doing it for is to keep the frost in, not out. The alternate freezing and thaw: ing is supposed to be worse than any amount of freezing alone. The roots can stand béing frozen. It is, in effect, natural. Freezing one day, however, and thaw- ing the next is said to be very bad Just why this, too, is not a_ thoroughly “natural” process we are unable to say. Probably in a complete state of na- ture plants would be- protected by a mulch of leaves which would blow over them and be held by their stalks. In civilization this does not always occur. The leaf-burning mania takes possession of so many that this form of protective covering is all too often absent. Then a mania for tidiness in the loutdoors asseris itself with fury. | Grounds are “rid” of all debris at the first touch of Fall in order to give the place a neat look. This is all very well, but what becomes of the mulch? * & The practiced gardener, of course, went out after the first good freeze whenever it was we have forgotien and put branches and leaves over his rose beds and such perennials as seemed to need a covering. The truth is that the National Capi tal and vicinity is getting South, and plants hereabouts need no such amount of covering as thelr brothers and sister: of Northern New York and New Eng- land. That they do need some, however, is manifest by the extreme character of the weather so far this Winter. It ha been no uncommon thing for a differ ence of 30 degrees to manifest iiself every week end. About Wednesday or Thursday the thermometer has stood at 20 degrees, whereas by Sunday afternoon we rev- eled in almost Spring-like weather of around 50 degrees, This situation has occurred not once but many times, almost taking on a weekly characier. The result has been a constant freezing and thawing, one after the other. The harm is not ap- parent at this time. It may show up in the Spring if the effects of such alter- nate changing states is half as bad as the experts say it is. As for ourself, we vet have to be convinced that in this vicinity it is as Roses which in_the Middle West cannot be .grown at all do very well in Washington with no protective cover ing. Many climbing rcses, which must be laid down for the Winter in othe: places, no:ably the West and North, can 1go through the entire year without a | thought from their growers. VENING STAR. London—French logic has reached its limit in an official document just issved to define precisely the conditions in which a workman with de fective teeth may apply for state ald to obtain a dental plate under the new French social assurance act. It is called a “table of masticatory co-efficients,” and it sets out the chew- ing value of each tooth. The incisor: have a value of 1, the canines are worth 2 each, and so on, making an ideal total of 100. If en applicant for help can prove that his total of “masticatory co-effi- cients” is less than 40, he can claim a dental plate from the government. * % * Japanese Linotypes. Require 6,000 Characters. Manchuria. Daily News, Dairen.—The linotypr mow in common vogue at all printing establishments handling Occi- dental languages was invented 40 years ago. Hundreds of thousands of these | machines are now in use in Europe, the i two Americas, and in all the colonies of Western and _European The old way—that is, prior to four dec- ades ago—of printing a newspaper, sy, !in the United States, requircd nine stages of work, beginning with typeset- ting. Now the linotype gots up @ vaper more quickly and neat stages' of work. But when it comes to a linotype for Japanes apers, therc must be the operators to tap. Aside cchnical difficulty involved in operating suck |the cost would be prohib | between 100,000 to 200,000 | to $100,000) aplece. The lin Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands civilizations. | ly by only three | {idle until growing weather In the Spiing. So why should one not wait | until that time? | Trees, however, may be pruned at | this time with some benefit. Most gar- | deners have rather fancied an im: | tive portrait of themselves wielding one | of these tree pruners on the end of & long pole, the cu.ters operated either by another pole or a wire from the ground. One must know his trees, however, and which branches are dead in order to do this work properly at this time. At the best, only the lowest and small- |est bad branches can be taken off in this way with sure.y. | Another picture the average gardener |carrics with him is that ¢ himself | carrying one of the com | sprayers slung around his shoulders. Perhaps more gardeners vow to get one of these and never do. There can be |little doubt that three or four gallons |of spray applied without the effort of ccnstant pumping would do a far more thorough job of spraying than can be achieved with the usual hand spray. ‘ * % x *x Though there is nothing particular to | do’in tre outdoors, the gardener can do a great deal with his hobby. He can do a lot of thinking about his gar- den, for one thing, and he can order his seeds and plants. To do the latter he must do the former. Now is the { best time of the year to look over the |earden and decidé how to rcarrange it. | Personally we have always been rather slow about ordering plants at this time, for many firms have a disconcerting habit of sending them right along, |often when snow and ice are on the ground. We will never forget our dis- | may at receiving some rosebushes far too |early and our fear of heeling them in, as it is called. The result was that we sent the whole works back, and when & new batch was sent later the plants were no way near as good as the ones we had rejected. Our advice is to order seeds at this time, but wait until near tke time you want plants We know one gardencr who utilizes his spate Winter moments in repairing his lawnmower and garden hose and in painting his gard<n tools. He says, with much point, that there is no gain in waiting until Spring, at which time there will be other and more delightful | things to do. We even have heard of |a gardener—perhaps he should be called | 2 horticulturist—who paints all his | tools scme bright color, so that when |he loans them to the neighbors they can be recognized at a great distance. Those who grow dahlias and gladioll, and hence have use for stakes, ma profitably paint them at this time. stakes used in the garden should be | |painted or stained green. They look | better. The stake ought to be as in- visible as possible, for it is a confes- fon that your plant needs a mechanical support. 1If it can be seen, it detracts o some extent at least in the view of articular people. And whom else are |gardens planted for but particular people? | | effort and employ their time in devicus and unwholescme activities. R | Washing and Painting Of Houses Demanded by Law. El Nuevo Diario, Caracas.—In ac- cordance with the provision established September 9 last by the civil council of the federal district, the fronts of all the houscs in what is known as the Cathedral Parish of Caracas mu: be washod or painted before the expi ration of the fifteenth day frcm the | date of the notice to the tenants or owners of the property. The purpose {of this resolution is to embellish the portion of the city most exposed to the ontemplations and criticiems of visf tors. At least the central and mo: important parts of the capital should be kept in a bright and pleasing state, | and in such ca: wherein the natural pride of the occupants does not produce these results, it is feli that of edict | will b2 more effective, especially when associated with heavy fines for dis- obedience. Suggests Business Men Underwrite Relief Fund To tae Editor lhe Stai* busin considered as business, ny adequate sense of its responsibili- | ties for the present state of suffering due to uncmployment? One would imagine, if it had. that it would arise from a conviction that its methods of delib- ¢ on wag to budget v go into der o live up to the mounting ndard of American 1860-1930: Brown. erts Co. Maj. Charles L'Enfant is in a figure on “the Avenue.” Deeply en- grossed again in his old dream of a city, great and beautiful, to stand as common center of the vast common- wealth that now surrounds it. More than a century has gone by since L’Enfant, under the inspiration and patronage of George Washington, came into his vision. Meanwhile, the material pressure of successive current growths marred the perfect plan at many & point, defaced it with sudden expediencies of trade and industry. Particularly was this true along “the Avenue,” designed as the noble Applan Way between Capitol and White House MEMORIES. _By_ Glenn Washington: W. F. Rob- —symbol, meet in form and spirit, of | F; the basic content of free government. Years, stressful years, served to line the Way with many a raggedy-man of shop and shack, with many a more ambitious structure as well. And these, after the fashion of men and buildings, took to themselves definite personal- itles, became soft and reminiscent and dear, interlopers though they were. But a new day has come. is on h: service of Maj. Charles L'Enfant. Avenue” is in a state of demolition. Re- grets are uppermost, for the time be- ing, at any rate. Reminiscences are in the air. Old days are being revived, crowding into print for remembrance, herding into books for preservation. And of all the literature that is, at the moment, centering upon the Capital none other—not even the business of the lawmakers themselves—is so inter- esting, so valuable, in fact, as this in- stinctive outreach toward a more com- plete seizure, a fairer interpretation of ‘Washington than has, perhaps, yet been accorded to it. Histories of Washington, personal recollections of the Capital, sketches, surveys, pictures of historic features—the whole whatnot of perpe tuity is, right now, in full force to cap- ture the blossoms and fragrances of yesterday. Only a day or two ago it was the “Not Over-Serious” history of Washing- ton, by George Rothwell Brown, from the standpoint of the political expert, the artful dealer in reminiscence and feminders, the trained journalist, the generally ready-man. Today it is an- other Brown that from an entirely dif- ferent point of approach contributes to :’hc new pursuit of the Capital’s older ay. The architect, as such, is, in effect, the patron saint of the city itself. It is possible—and indeed probable—that eventually the architectural distinction of Washington will stand as the su- prem: art treasure, not alone of the city, but of the country as well. An art, in its pursuit, that has counted within its purpose the ecity plan, L’Enfant’s plan, to be ennobled and beautified by a pe:fection of architec- tural design applied to the utiliti-s of business structure, to the usefulness of community and governmental centers. This is the story of an architect. It is the story of the crusade of the archi- teets of the Capital to “revive George Washington's vision of a Capital City.” In a sense, or rather in its beginnings, the record is of autobiographic con- tent, covering Glenn Brown's early years with the curfous drifts of blood and circumstance that washed him finally into the art with which he has helped in th> “crusade” for a beautiful and inspiring Capital. The story of the Capitol and its vicissitous career through war and wear brings out a most interest'ng chapter of legislative personalities of Congrass- men who, either as obstructionist or as_enthusiastic advocate, stand here very much alive in one of the two roles i that separat: mankind—the instinctive “for: and the equally gainsts.” “The Comm: n' makes a fine chapter, reminiscent of its members, remindful of its work—the L'ncoln Memorial, cherry blossoms weaving their annyal witchery and =0 on to many another point of debt to the commission. “The American Acedemy in Rome” is re- corded definitely here, definitely and interestingly. And all along the way there are close pictures of the group in Washington who labored so valiantly and competently toward the artis ideal of a great Amepican city—Au- gustus Saint-Gaudens, Charl:s Folle McKim, Frank Mill't, Cass Gilbert and others, with Elihu Root, James Bryce, ‘Theodore Roosevelt and William H. Taft standing cons!stently in support of the great p'an. £hall never foi Joseph G. Cannon, our constant and able opponent,” genially and admiringly adds the writ'r. An enthusastic survey of Washington as art, in its ganeral planning and in the ultimate design of its buildings, is here cffered by an artist who, himself, had a definite and substantial partaking in the high en- A reminisc nt partaking is a'so given to readers in the vivid stories of that gift>d band of artists who have contributed so definitely to the pro- a great Washington, for deal of the Capital City. *x ®x THE NEGRO WAGE EARNER. By Lorenzo J. GQGreene and Carter Woodson. Washington: Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Inc. The sturdy purpose behind this study is to round up, for the first time and in the accuracy of modern research, a body of fact to show the industrial status of the Negro within the United States. Let than & century ago—quite a little less—there could have been irapulsive eram for L'Enfant’s i no | the Monument, the | dra; 1 1 | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Stop s minute and think about this fact. You can ask our Information Bur:au any question of fact and get the answer back in a Jetter. It is a great educational idea intro- duced into the lives of the most intelli- | dark-colored tobacco and 1,000 pounds for light tobacco. Q. Is Slovak a distinct language?— "A. It seems that Slovak is so closely gent people in the world—American |allied to Czech that most scholars de- newspaper readers. It is a part of that scribe it as a dialect. best purpose of a newspaper—service. founded on the Cuz This alphabet is Slovak books There is no charge ¢xcept 2 cents in |Were rare before the Great War, but coin or stamps for return postage. Get |since the formation of the Czechoslovak the habit of asking questions. your letter to The Evening Star Infor- mation Bureau, Prederic J. Haskin, di- rector, Washington, D. C. . Did Tunney ever fight in a pre- liminary when Dempsey was staging a chlmplannhlf fight?>—C. T. A. On July 2, 1921, at the Dempsey- Carpentier fight, the fifth preliminary was between Gene Tunney, form'r A. E . light-heavyweight champion, and Soldier Jones of Toronto. Tunney knocked out Jones in the seventh round. Q. Is Virginia Valli of Italian ances- try?—L. A. A. Virginia Valli was born in Chi- Cago. She is of Irish biood and not| o, Address | State many have appeared. [ Q. For {named?—J. D. 8. | A. The Pseudotsuga douglasii, closely related to the firs and often régarded as a fir, is named after the Scotch bot- |anist, David Douglas. He visited the | Pacific Coast in the first half of the ]mnelcemh centu | Q. Please give some information about Dick’s Castle, across from West Point, N. Y.—W. O. H. | _A.'Dick’s Castle, near Nelsonville, N | ¥.. was intended for a residence. De- scription recently received says that the building is a massive concrete structure of Spanish architecture, containing spacious rooms. It was about whom are Douglas firs D. 8. Italian, as many have thought because yo.thirds compicted, but from neglect of her n: and her type as the cam- era records it. Q. At what time should moles be caught for their pelts?—T. R. A. The fur of the mole is best when the animal is killed in the Winter sea- son. It is also classed as prime in Mid- summer, although the animal's fur is| somewhat shorter then. During the |and exposure for the past 20 years the |concre.e has begun to deteriorate and break down. If completed, this build- ing would have been one of the largest {and most beautiful residences in Amer- ica, or at least along the Hudson. Q. How is a parrot taught to talk?— K. R. A.” The Bureau of Biological Survey molting periods in the Spring and Fall says no hard-and-fast rule can be laid there is a deterioration in the value of the fur. Q. What are the opportunities for a man wih a medical education outside of regular practice?—R. McG. down for teaching a bird to talk. This |1s entirely a matter of patience and per- scverance in dealing with the bird. At first the bird should be kept in a room by itself and the cage covered on three sides. Do not talk to the bird except Besides private practice, medical iy repeating simple phrases over and ow enter the field of medical research, teach in medical sehools and elsewhere, become public health offi- cials in cities, counties, States and Fed- eral scrvice, serve as medical officers in the Army or Navy, are employed by in- graduates n |over again. Only one phrase should be used in a single day in the carly train- ing. Gradually work up until several phrases are repea ed over and over to the bird each day. Put a cover over the cage when the parrot begins to dustrial concerns and insurance com-|qlawk' . This is sald to break 1t of this panies. become medical missionaries, and fill positions in laboratories, hos- pitals and corporations. Q. Where was the Biblical Teman? —B. M. H. A. The e. man, the son of Esau, who was the locality are Edom and Idumean. ‘Teman, spoken of in several | gy places in the Bible, is the name Orlfl‘i inally given to a section of lowlands| southwest of the Dead Sea, in Pales- | about the ki It was originally settled by milh! “honey bear.’ grandson of Abraham. Later names for raccoon family. bad habit. | Q. Who were the Governor and Com- | pany of Adventurers of England Trad- | ing Into Hudson'’s Bay?-M. M. This was the original name of the dson's Bay Co. Q. Please give some _information ajou, rgmaonly called A. The kinkajou is a member of the It is a native of the |forests of the warmer parts of South and Central America. It is about 3 feet Q. Under how much pressure can|jong and has a slender body: a long men work within a caisson?—A. S. A. It cannot be stated exac:ly. Pres- brown sure within a caisson used for subaque- | napits, cus worke: atmosphere of 15 pounds per square inch for every 331, feet that the cais- son is submerged below the surface. Hence at a denth of 100 feet a worker in a caisson must be subjected to a| A. il, large eyes and soft, yellowish- fur, nocturnal and arboreal in I¢ feeds on fruit, honey, eggs must be increased by one and small birds and mammals. It is ]oxun tamed as a pet. | Q@ Who was the first at Hot Springs, Ark.?—M. Histotians are generally agreed white settler . B. B. pressure of 60 pounds per square inch.|that Manuel Pruihomme built a cabin A: the St. Louis Bridge, where a pres- | there in 1807, and is given the credit sure was employed equal to 4}, atmos- |for being the first ac.ual white settler. pheres, out of 600 workmen 119 were | disease and 14 affectcd with caisson died. Q. How much does a house of to- bacco weigh?—J. E. B. A. It usually w Q. Are bats blin:>—M. E. H. A. Bats are not blind. All species - |bave efficient eyes. In one they are likely to be small, beadlike and nwarly . hidden in the soft fur with which these hs 1,200 pounds for | animals are clothed. Mo-gification of Jones Law Pleases Beth Drys and Wets Action of Congress in modifying the Jones “iive-and-ien” liquor laws is re- ceived by the coun ry with practically unanimous approval. wets see a:vantages in the change. Both drys and, the Nation shall be compelled to accept prohtbition through force. in this they nave played into the hands of the cp- ponenis of prehibition and aided rather It | than retarced sentiment for t) is held that the original law was too!cadon of the pronibition law stic, that its provisions as applied to minor cases pioduced cong:stion in the courts, and tha: various other unfore- seen defects were found. “A tremendous effect on prohibition enforczment” is forecast by the Chatta- nooga Ncws, with the comment that overwhelmingly dry.” The News also says as to the practical effect of this legislation : ‘he Stobbs bill will go a long way toward relieving congestion in courts and in the penit:ntiaries. It provides for a fine of nct more than| $500 or six months in jail for first| t | offenders in violations involving not | more than a gallon of liquor. The orig- |inal Jcnes law mace felonies of all vio- | lations by providing a maximum penalty | i/ o of $10,000 fine or five years in jail. The Jones law carried a proviso that it was the intent of Congress to have the courts disc:iminate between lighi viola- tions and habitual sales of liquor. The Stobbs bill merely sets limits upon that | proviso.” It is explained by the Kansas City Star that the measure “was a over from the last session,” and Star continues: “Like the transfer of the prohibition enforcement unit from the Treasury to the Department of Jus- tice, which Congress provided for at the time, it was recommended by the Naiicnal Commission on Law Observ- ance and Enforcement after a thorough study of the situation. House appro of the measure without a record vote is cvidence once more of the diy strength of Congress and of a disposition to aid in_more effec.ive enforcement.” “Apgroval of most sensible people on the dry side” is cbserved by the Yakima, Daily Republic, with the further com- ment: “Not much reflection has been i & %% “It is no small victory for the anti- ‘Oshkosi | prehib.iion forces,” thinks the he | | Daily Northwestern, “to get this modi- and spirited opposition from reasonable it could not have passed Congress without | 775 88 Well as wets. There was general prohibition support, since Congress is| a.tack upon the law as being too severe and entirely too unreascnable and | fanatical in its tragic effect. The latest action of Congress in the matter is clearly a stride toward sanity in pro- | hibition legisla.ion. To endure its ab- surd provisions for casual or slight vio- lations was too much for a sensible Natlon to stand. It was intended to teeth in the enforcement of prohibition, but it was altoge'her too far.” The Chatlotte Observer cismisses the sub- t with the statement that “modifica- Ition of the law does not amount to |much”; that “it simply gives relief to the pocket flask peddler, who, caught | dealing in Iots less than a gallon, may cscape the peaitentiary. “This sensible measure,” Worcester Evening Gazette, impossible for an overzealous judge to misuse his authority in the case of petty violators of the law. The Charleston | (W. Va) Dally Mail points that “the faults of the Jones law were not foreseen” at the time it was passed, |and that paper says as to the surround |ing circumstances: “Attention was cen- | tcred on the great evils which it was hoped the law would cure. It was only when the law began to operate that the evils that followed its enforcement were disclosed. These were great enough and numerous enough to require modi- fication of the law, but so that it may still apply to such cases as require severity of treatment.” A feature of the change, as s | uggested | by the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, in harmony with the Senate’s position, is that it will “have the advantage of | expedith the disposition of minor | liquor ofienses in the Federal courts, ince such minor offenses may be pros- ecuted by information instead of in- | dictment.” life—incurred some obligation on its T Crditoma o 1Quor | 1 ould be borne by all the property of { At sums which bid their owners thrive. control. To this plan five other mem- | the community on an equ sportion= bers of the commission subscribe, ate basis To thus tax all or an uncqual | 30 B RE JERCS T E0 T8 although two of them are desirous ot | portion of the burden of the expense| S ® % |of & general public improvement ngainst | Which often has been proved before, giving the existing law a further trial.{yye property of a single peison or &' wmyc yhic that 2 and 2 make 41" It is unfortunate that the commis- |group of persons, to the exemption of | = 0 2 2 make 4! sion, or & majority of it, has been un-|the public generally s within the | constitutional inhibition forbidding the able to determine upon the PrOPErigying of private propeity for a public course which should be followed in re- lin America sell for from $6.000( to 540,000, !~ |part to sce the thing through. A Japanese linotype has been invented | Inctead of seeing th- thng through, | that is capable of printing 5400 differ- | business as such is doing what? Is ent cheracters. The difficulty now is t rent to bring it within the financial reach of | public funds to re r paper. |y bror 11 for not over 8.500 | ment it come within 1} ch | me: a hierozlyphic | in R periodical. When linotypes 212 adopted | thr'll in the auesticn upon _the labor. in any current problem. Instead, South had become p: institution born of and an inherent dis! labor on_ the part o in_that locality. n course of time came the war. Then emancipation. Then a troub’ and troubling period for both form necessary to convince reasonably intelli- gent peaple everywhere that the ‘five- and-ten’ scheme worse than th condition which it was designed to cor: imate and soil rect. We can't afford to make selling a ste for manual | botte of hooch the worst crime in tha nglish settlers : c; first-degree murder. isn't right, and, besides that, much in these times of tay oppression.” So as the tickets I collect, | Negro of the rt of a pecullar ons of sm give their mite ? To read with a of generous gifis A Fear Dismissed. “Your friends say you are overwork- ing yourself as a candidate.” ——ve— What’s in a Name? use without just comp:nsation. p gard to the prohibition issue. The cnm-l missioners have made an intensive study cavering & year and a half. It is prob- | able, however, that the members of the | commission, like the people of the country, are so divided over what is the proper course to pursue with regard to national prohibition that it has been utterly impossible to bring them, or a majority of them, to pick a definite program of reform. The nearest ap- proach to a plan favored by a majority of the commission is that presented b Mr. Anderson and gubscribed to by five other commissioners, six in all, although two wish a further trial of the present system before it is abandoned B ] ‘When President Hoover picks talent for a relief drive he shows that he can recognize ability wherever he sees it. e The King Appointment. Had the subordinate personnel of the old Power Commission been treated as individuals instead of as symbois of this or that, the tempest in a teapot over the choice of new personnel to serve the new Power Commission would have been avoided. But as the three men concerned—Messrs. Bonner, King and Russell—suffered the involuntary fate of losing their individualities in an effort to make of them important “issues” and symbols, the matter has been complicated to such an extent that the announced appointment of Mr. | King as chief accountant of the new commission will not serve to end the Tow. ol of & point of view fa: intetests, has been & po~ It is compeent * * * in cases of special ass:ssments arising under a gen- eral law to inquire not only into the matter of discrimination and inequal- ity. but as to theapproximate accord between the assessm-nt and the bene- fits actually derived by the proverty owners from the improvement. These questions are always open in cases re- lating to the rey of sireets wher autherities are lunder a statute conferring general dis- | cretionary power. inot a legislative afjudica |ing a particular place and a particular I plan, but it applies to stieets, avinues |and roads generally throushout the Dis- trict: it is a, general p Therefcre. in testing the va this am ndment we gre not dea’ing with tan incid nial benefit col n to the whole communitv or a legiclatively de- termined method of assessing benefits in a particular locality, but wi h a gen- eral law annlied to a unique situation, the avenues of the City of Warhington are prejected. * * * It is ascuredly not the purpose of | Congress to rush through a measure | which may result in further injustices to the taxpayers of the District, against which they must resort to expensive and time-wasting litigation to defend them- | selves. - Independent India. Indian Conference in London, Prime Minister MacDonald made formal an- | nouncement of the terms already known, owine to the pecu'iar manner in which | Yesterday at the closing session of the | whereby the British commonwealth of nations extends to the great Asian sub- contin®nt the hand of dominin fellow- ship. With the exceplion of finance, de- fense and foreign affairs, India receives Bonner, who was made the sym- the same independent status enjoyed to the by Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africs, Newfoundland end the de westher has done “That's one of the joys of politics,” | salds Senator Sorghum. “Once you get well into it, you have no fear of unem- ployment. Jud Tunkins says just now the | easicst way for a man to get famous is to mak: trouble for the police. ! When Forces Join, Men who contend With greatest strength r force may lend Combined at length. As men draw near Ther toil to h:ed, The world says, “Here Is strength indeed!" T Helpfulness. “What is your boy Josh doing now “Helpin' arcund the place,” answered Farmer Corntossel. “In what way? “Since th: drought struck I haven't been able to do much but worry. Josh is helpin’ me worry.” “When a woman smiles,” said Hi Ho, the s her own way and when she weeps she is preparing to have it.” Optical Hlusion. Philosophers have methods deep Which keep us others blinking. They may look wise, though fast asleep, And make us think they're thinking. “De sun shines in January,” said Uncle Eben, “but not enough to give real encouragement to us folks dat goes right on year after year inin’ da e of Chinatown, “she is having | here, unemployment Wil radically Increased among newspaper workers | * k x X Industrious Ttalians Penalized for Lazy Classes. 10" Sole, Milan.—The commereial and industrial reverses of the current year have greatly augmented the aumbers of te applying for and receiving public o source nd thus further solvent ons to in its disbursement to the These revert were ccrived caus jmmediate and drains_upon the funds of part of the population. or the public debt, alread magnitude. “The most unfortunate aspect of these disbursements is that the industrious, temperate and thrifty part of ¢he nation is penalized for the sake of the indolent. vicious and incompetent part. Indeed it sometimes appears that to be diligent and saving 15 a_detriment rather than an edvantage. The loyal and energetic workers are kept at their tasks, while ‘Thus those of the avior is ful are remitted. population whose general more nerally cesirable and worthy must maintain not only themselves dur- ing these periods of limited earnin: but also their less faithful and le:s vi Iant brethren in a state of “dolee f: ‘ niente” (1. pleasant leisure). If this were the worst the condition might still be supportable, but it is only a fact too well known that many of those exempted from toil and main tained bi requisitions upon the re- sources of those whose intelligence and devotion have kept them employed, use their leisure to promote not only unde- sirable, but, very often both improper and illeg ctivities. S8ome of the most dermvc offenders picked up by the police in recent months have been dis- covered to be those nourished with public funds and private charities, all originally derived from the purses of the constant workers. Such a penitential retribution I? ll‘n- Vir: e i B ar > [aid of the the labors of the indifferent and sloth- | pe pic widows? To ap- d the collections tak-n up from hard-pressed employes, carefully re- | minded of their duty in the premises— not forgetting the prestige of th> firm? | To stand by while their distinguished protagonists, in and out of public 11 1ry to grow the tender plant of fame in the soil of human mise Should it not recognize, rather, that to them on a silver platter—to make situation to prove up the truth of the claim that the interests of capital and labor are, and ought to be, identical? | hat th s occasion is actually one made | to hand—a golden opportunity handed | | to them on a silver platter—to make good tbis much vaunted solidarity? | And what better way, pray, than fo | the +National Chamber of Commerce | | and allied associations to take the lead | {in a n to underwrite immediately | | the sums requir-d by the Red Cross for unemployed in distress | The Red Cross could have the funds from banks with'n 24 hours and con- tinue a separate and distinct drive for relief of drought suffer: | What else could labor’s reaction be to so striking an example of business co-operation but a scnse of the truth in the claim that its interests—its h-alth and morale, hopes and con= fidence in better tmes ahead—are cons esed by capital as identical with its own? What else but a heightened morale would foilow from this knowl- edg: that business is back of its old employes in their hour of need—if morale is built up in a man by the knowledge that h's friends are behind him, not merely the pity of « charitably disposed puBlic? Besides—if American business still be- lieves that it is manly to face one’ responsibilities—it would be the manly thing to do. T. W. WARFIELD, D Municipal Reciprocit From the Memphls Commercial Appeal. The mayor of Chicago called a' control confercnce. mayor of Greenville, Miss., might retallate by calle {0 & conderence on' gangster problema, from _philanthroj | trained to conformities ! work. master and former slave. Long ages go into the making of a people, so the history bo. tell " us. Yet here is a people, much less than a century old, comporting itself, creditably, as part of what is called— what used to be called—the most law iding of nations, its individuals self- and adapt tions. Rather a marvelous sight, it seems to me. However, the immediate question set here is for an exact answering—as exact as authentic records permit. The Negro as wage earner. The problem involves primarily the immediate reac- tion_of the slave—and of the public— to the new freedom. After this comes the period of adaptaticn, a period not yet defined within any grouping. In it, however, is the gradual drift of the colored people away from the native (?) South. Here, too, is that tentative reaching out frcm fleldwork and house- into the near flelds of simple mechanics and approaches to trade. The early investigation is crippled for | lack of separate statistics for Negro wege earners. That difficulty obviated within later years, the survey becomes accurate and informing in respect to the areas chosen by the Negro for set- tlement, the reasons calling him to such_localities, which he most naturally, and capably, turns, his achievoments in the chose fleld, his relations with the white pop- ulation around him, the attitude of the white people toward the Negro es- tablished among them. Like all properly equipped research- ers, these two hold themselves to the subject in hand. This subject covers every aspect of the Negro as a producer and a wage earner in the various fields of industry, discusses him, besides, in certain lmg:ndenble unpaid-for quall- ties that belong to workers of every race and class. The book. sums, au- thentlul?'. to a ly of invaluable in- dustrial fact that forms a component part of any considerable survey of the ?rohlem of industry and I his in issue. Perhaps I'm wrong. stead, they & study certal lications _Per labor. Out of + * koK % | “It indicates,” in the opinion of the Cleveland Plain D:aler, “that dry sen- timent is hostile to a law which has tended to injure rather than aid the cause of prohibition. The next Congress wiil also be dry, but not so dry as the present body, and it was rather a stroke of genius to scotch the Jones law at the present time. There will be prao- tically no mourners, as Senator Jones himself, author of the law, has publicly expressed his doubt of the utility of the statute. Modification of the Jones law may be accepted as the first step of the dominant drys toward a more tolerant attitude.” “Sympathy aroused through stories of severe punishments” is bclieved by the Madison Wisconsin State Journal “lo have been an effective talking point for the wets,” and the State Journal con- cludes: “Prohibition can only be made a permanent tenety of this Nation through a bellef of the people that the law is beneficial. The campaign of the drys should be with arguments that will convince the public that a better and greater Nation will result because of the absence of alcoholic liquor. There has been too much in the program of the drys emphasizing their desire that any reader who has had many con- tacts with Negroes in a city where they are numerous. Still, their desire for education does come implicitly from this book. Their wish to rise—some- times above themselves, above their own capacity—that comes out here. How- ever, we on of the line are told that this mbition, a meritorious quality, Wi t t be and se writers many a value in tisticnl few yeal measu; ures illing reader, read p the Negro that is not hport. It seems to me ti the Negro has become , both exactly by way of d potentially by way of his sp ttitude and endeavor. A Fodlmd e oot | Ariz. From the Chattanoosa News. Linoleumville, on Staten Island, has voted to change its name, but Hush- puckena, Miss., indignantly denies that it intends doing likewise. Nor will Owl Hoot, near Reelfoot Lake, in Tennessee, seek another cognomen: nor will Nub- bin Ridge, in the same neighborhood. Southern towns are loyal to their names, even though loyalty requires much fortitude. Some other strange names which re- main are Horse Thief, Ariz.; Tombstone, Black Bass, Iowa; Breezy Hill, Kans.; Defeated Creek, Ky.: Prompt- ness, Pa.; Smoke Ordinary, Va.; Good Water, Ala, and Hahatomka, Mo, Another town is Bad Axe, Mich, What city in the world has a more picturesque name than Chattanooza? It was a happy thought to give South- ern towns and counties and States Indian names One can easily grow poetically eloguent about a Statp with such a musical name as Tennessee, or Mississippi. We do not, however, blame Linoleum- ville for changing its name. s kR Optimistie. From the Worcester Telegram. Premier Steeg of France wants to im- prove French-American relations. That man talks just as if he expected to stay in office for three or four wecks. —— e Books Not Balanced Yet. Prom the Albany Evening News. Germany forbids the use of red ink on posters in the streets of Berlin. We ledgers, suppose it is still used in how- ever. —aeee A Bump Coming. From the Sprinefield (Mass.) Unfon, , If biologists are ri tion thn':ul.hen is %:‘ n!flcotm today on the face of the earth, oung bride in the next o is tQ be disillusioned -