Evening Star Newspaper, December 2, 1930, Page 4

s - —p= SPUR T0 BUILDING URGED BY HOOVER Increase in Public Works EX- pected to Jog Private Bus ness Into Action. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. It was to a Congfess pledged in ad-| wance to join with him in prompt emer- | genicy relief for unemployment that | President Hoover today addrossed a message, recommending that Uncle ! Sam’s expenditure on public works dur- | ing the next 12 months be increased to | a total of $650.000,000. The President's ‘ proposals represent an advance of $150,- 000.000 over existing projects. | ‘When the Federal Government's pro- | gramr of watcrway, harbar, flood control, | public, bullding, highway and aifway improvemerit 18 fully under way, 85 now urged by Mr. Hoover. it will constitute, in his own words, “the greatest in our history.” It is substantielly supple- ented by Treasury loans to merchant | fiders and expenditure on devel- opment of the United States Navy. | Will Aid Jobless. ‘The administration does not seek to convey either to Congress or the coin- 4ry that even this vast plan to set idle hands to work in a multitude of direc- 3ions 1s of itself capable of abolishing unemployment It will do a good bit in the way of finding jobs for the 3,500, | 900, more or less, unemployed persons | m country. But what President | hopes will be perhaps even a greater result of the enlarged Federal tonstructien scheme 4s the incentive it should give to private enterprise to ex- |. pand building cperations on a huge scale. * is estimated that the Nation's urgent_requirements for new construc-.|. tion, of & public or semi-public charae- ter, are in_excess of $5,000.000,000. Bome three-quarters of the construction represented by this immense figure are in abeyance for various reasons, It is the fervent cxpectation of the White House that when States, countles, cities and towns, railroads, stcamship lines and other big industrial corporations see what the United States is doing they will strain every effort on their part to rograms is the great, underlying purposs, apart from the direct aid it will give to the unemployment situation, of the admin- istration’s recommendation to. Congress. Hoover Is Optimistic. | nots of eriticism | Congress” is that b7 1s hi " it reveal m as invincibly optimistic about the economic situation. In the lobbies of both Senate and House. comment is' encduntered to the effect that he would have done bet- ter to paint: conditions in the colors which most metbers of Congress be- [ lieve they With ctually appear. exceptions,.. Senators and Representatives have rettirned to Wash- mn for the sho:t sesslon wl*: leak of the way Jook in region_known note’ o that they will prove—as 4 A 'y Wi —Herbert Hoovet'Is going to come in for the lion’s share of the credit, even though the business world at large is at present in mood to sing his| s. | Autumn of 1931, perhaps a month or | two beyond that time, continues to be fixed by most authorities as the ea date when the ic ship of will be The American people’s memory, old | m“lcll hands point out, is not very g. If the country’s “pocket nerve” 8 being massaged in the right direction s year hence, it's théir firm “opinion that the 1930 grouch will practically have disappeared, and men who now scoff at the President for his alleged faflure to maintain prosperity will be throwing up their hats for him Mr. Hoover faces his 90-day bout with Congress in fairly serene spirit. Senate and House meet while the welkin is still ringing with acclaim of the Chief Engi- ginesr’s initiative anent the World Court and his deflance of organized labor's effort to dictate cabinet cholces. The President belleves that the message he | has just sent to Congress, non-spectac~ ular as it is, does discl tersely that | the administration has feft no stohe unturned to grapple with the gravest economic crisis in our modern history. Hoover's position, in & nutshell, is that “who does the best his circumstance allows, does well, acts nobly; angels CHURCH GROUP TO STAGE “THE OTHER WISE MAN” Four Performances Proposed, Be- ginning December 28, by Luther Place Lutheran Church. ‘The sixth annual presentation of “The Other Wise Man,” dramatized, is bel !teplred by Luther Place Memotial Shurch, Vermont avenue and Fourteenth street. Four performances will be given, beginning December 28, when there will be afternoon and evening shows, and evening presentations December 29 and The proceeds of the presentation will turned over to Gospel and Central unemployed of the District. Davis Schreiner is direct- Miss ing the cast and is assisted Denis E. Connell and Miss x.uungn iggs. GANDHI LOSES WEIGHT Indian Nationalist Chieftain- in Good Health Despite Imprisonment.; THE EVENING President’s Annual Message Con aress Warned Utmost Care Is Necessary to Avoid Any Increase in Public Debt—People Must A ._(Contifmed_From Figst Pege): oduced finencial crises in many D iries and have dimnished the buying power of these countrics for mported gocds to a degree which extended the difficulties ‘arther afield by creating uncmployment in all the industrial nai . Th> polit- ical agitation in Asi vclations in South Amecrica and political unrest *4n some Eurcpean States; the meth- ods of sale by Russia of her increas- “ ing agricultural exports to Eurcpean markats; and our own drcught-—have all contrbiut>d to prolong and deepen the d-pression. In the larger view the major forces of the depressicn now lie outside cf the United States, and our recuperation hes been retarded by the unwarranted degree ot fear and apprehension created by these outside forees. Indexes Encourage Belief in Early American Recovery. The extent of the depression. is indicated by the following apprcXi- mate percentages of activity dur'ng the past three months as compared with the highly prosperous year of 1928: \lx'.\]:‘ of department ‘llol'l lfll’ 807 of 1928 907 of 1628 847 of 1928 106% of 1628 g 935 of wanuf ment . i Total of bk deposiis: blesale _ prices—all © of 1928 cost ot Tivin A m Varicus. cther indexes in total decrease of :cm'm(r from 1928 of from 15 to 20 per cent. There are many factors which give encouragement for the future. fact that we are holdin 85 per cent of ot e and incomes; that our m: cial and industrial institutions have come through the storm unimpaire ities hat stable for some time; ber of industries are sho of increasing demand; that 1 world'at Jarge is readjusting itsel: to the situation; all refiect grounds for confidence. We should remember that these occasions have been met many times before, that they are but temporary, that our country is today stronger and richer in re- sources, in equipment, in skill, than ever in 4ts history. We are/ in an extraordinary degree self-sustaining, we will overcome world influences and will lead the march of prosper- ity as we have always done hitherto. Faith and Courage Need _ Ameng lndlle:ll. . Economic depression can noi be cured by legislative action or executive pronouncement. Economic must be healed by the acticn ‘of the cells of the economic m;— e: producers and consume: - &x Recovery can be expedited. and its effects mitigated by coopera- tive action. ~That cooperation re- quirés that every individual should ‘sustain faith and courage; that each sbotild maintain his self-reliance; : that each and every one should search for method of improving his business or service; that the vast majority Whcse income is unimpaired should not hoard out of fear but should pursue their normal lving recreations; that each should ~seek to assist his neighbors who may be less fcrtunate; that each ingdustry sbould assist its own employes; that each community and each Sta e o pamization of empoyment ities for o on of empi and relief of distress with Luat sturdiness and independence which built a great Nation. ‘Our pecple are responding to these impulses in remarkable degree. The best contribution of govern- ment lies in encouragement. of this voluntary cooperation in tae .om- munity. The Government, National, State, and local, can join with the community in.such pi ims and do its part. A-year ago I, (lier with other officers of the Government, initiated extensive coopera‘ive meas- ures throughout the ccuntry. Employers Help to Maintain High Living Standards. The first of these measures was an agreement of leading employers to maintain the standards of wages and of labor leaders to use their in- fluence against strife. In & large sense these undertakings have bcen adhered 10 and we have it Wit~ nessed the usual regucuo?s of :rllg:; ) ve always heretofore r A essions. The imdex of union wage m to be today fully o Y Ghnsequines ree years. In mu;u'y!l‘ y|rel‘ of the country has been mu:fi \Tmr than would other- wise have been the case. Of equal importance the.Nation has had un- usual peace in industry and freedom from the public discrder which has characterized previous depressions. The second direction of coopera- tion has been that our governments, National, State, and logal, the indus- tries and business so distribute em- ployment as to give work to the maximum number of employees. The third direction of cooperation has been to maintain and even ex- tend construction work and better< ments in anticipation of the future, It has been the universal experience in previous depressions that public works and private construction have fallen off rapilly with the general tide of depression. On this occasion, however, the increased authorization and generous appropriations by the Congress and action of States and municipalities have resulted in the expansion of public construc- tion to an -amount even above that in the most prosperous years. In addition the co-operation of public utilities, railways, and other la * organizations has been generously given in construction and bettermen work in anticipation cf future need. The t of Commerce &d- vises me that as a result, the volume of this type of cohstruetion 3 “which amounted to roughly $6.300.- 000,000°in 1929, instead of decreas- ing will w-a total of $7,000,000.000 for 1930. There has, of course, been a substantial decrense in the types of construction which could net be undertaken in advance of need. Suffering Held at Minimum by Splendid Cooperation, was the organ! itles, a8 was deemed mm .uu d un’e‘:nlwmt has 3 our e rilon than in vings of '(mmI)nllwrelll’leldyc e as a Nation a leted. We Have Faith and Courage. — tensive cooperation throughout the country. ere has been & most gratifying“degree of response, from governors, mayors, and other public officials, from welfare organizations, and from employers in concerns oath large and small. The local cfom- munities through their voluntary agencles have assumed the duty of relieving individual distress and are brlhnlf generously supported by the public. Unemployment Decrease Seen in Official Tabulations. ‘The number of those wholly out of employment seeking for work was accurately determined by the census last April as about 2,500,000. 'The Department of Labor index of em- ployment in the larger trades shows some decrease in employment since that time. The problem from a re- lief point of view is somewhat less than the published estimates of the number of unemrloyed would indi- cate. The intensive community and individual efforts in providing spe- cial employment outside the ilisted industries are not reflected in the stat'stical indexes and tend to raduce such published figures. Moreover, there is estimated to be a constant figure at all times of nearly 1,000,000 ;l]l]l:;:!‘lal}ln'yed ‘lhg‘ tlr': not without ncome but temporarily idle in the shift from one job to another. We have an average of absut three breadwinners to each two families, 8o that every person unemployed does not represent a family with- out income. The view that the reljef problems are less than the gross numbers would indicate is confirmed by the experience of several cities, which shows that the number of families In distress re) mts from 10 to 20 fi cent of the number of the ct unemployed. This is not sald to minimise the very real Fmblem which exists but to weigh its actual Proportions. As a contribution to the situation the Federal Government is engaged upon the atest program of water- way. harbor, control, public building, highway, and airway im- provement in all our history. This, together with loans to merchant shipbullders, improvement of the’ Navy and in military aviation, and other congtruction work of the Gov- 1 exceed. $520,000,000 for year, This compares with $253,000,000 in the fiscal year 1928. The constpuction works already au- thorized and the continuation of policies 1A Government aid will re- Quire a “éontinual expenditure up- wards of half » annuslly, billicn dollars All Necessary Work Sheul Be Put Under Way. g 1 favor still further tem; expansion $f these activit'es m to unempl t during this Winter. ‘The will, however, have presented to it numbers of projects, some of them under the guise of, rather than the realfty of, their use- fulness in the increase of employ- ment during the depression. re :‘I"’;.cernm common-sease limita- upor any expansions of con- struction work. The Government must not undertake works that are not of sound economie pu; that have not been subject searching technical investigation, and which have not been given'ade- Quate consideration by the Congress. The yolume of eonstruction work in the Government is already maximum limit warranted by clal prudence as a continui To inerezse taxation for pu construction work defeats” its own purpose, as such taxes directly diminish employment in private in- dustry. Again any kind of con- struction requires, after its suthor- ization, a considerable time before labor can be employed in which to make engineering, architectural, and legal preparations. Our immediate problem is the increase of employ- ment for the next six months, and new plans. which do not produce such immediate result or which ex- tend commitments beybnd this period are not warran! The enlarged rivers and harbors, public building, and highway plans authorized’' by Congress last session, however, affer an opportunity for Assistance by the temporary accele eration of tonstruction of these pro- grams evep faster than originally planned, especially if the technical requirements of the laws which entail delays could be amend- ed in such fashion as to speed up acquirements of land and the let~ ting of contracts. With view, however, to the pos- sible néed for acceleration, we, im- mediately - upon receiving those authorities from the Congress five months began the necessary technical work in preparation for such possfble eventuality. I have canvassed the departments of the Government as to the maximum amount that can be properly added to our present expenditure to ace celerate all construction during the next six months, and I feel war- ranted in asking the Congress for an appropriation of from $100,000,- 000 to $150,000,000 to provide such further employment in this emer- gency. In connection therewith we need some authority to make en- larged temporary advances of Fed- eral highway aid to the States. American Price Level Held Above Rest of World. I recommend that this appropria- tion be made distributable to the different departments upon recom- mendation of a committee of the cabinet &nd -p:ronl by the Presi- of dent. Its lfcation to works al- ready authol by the Congress assures its use in directions of eco- nomic importance and to public welfare. Such action will imply an expenditure upon construction of all kinds of over $650,000,000 during the next 12 months. ‘The, world-wide depression has affected agriculture in common with all other industries. The average price of farm produce has fallen to about 80 per cent of the levels of 1928. This average is, however, greatly affected by wheat.and cot- ton, which have participated in world-wide overproduction and have fallen t6 about 60 per cent of the average price of the year 1928. Ex- cluding these commodities, = the prices of all other agricultural products are about 84 per cent of those of 1928. The average whole- sale prices of other primary goods, such 88 nonferrous metals, have fallen to about 76 per cent of 1928. ‘The levels of our major agri- culf commodities are, in fact, higher than those in other principai &mflucnn( countries, due to the com- ned result of the tarlff and the operations of ‘the Farm Board. For instance, wheat prices at Minne- !hpolll are about 30 per cent higher an at Winnipeg, and at Chicago they are_about 20 per cent higher than at Buenod Aires. Corn prices at Chicago are over twice as high as at Buenos Mmmm. ”Wool mflfl‘ average more per. higher in this country than abroad, and bu! is 30 per cent higher in New York City than in Copenhagen. Drought Struck at Agriculture When Already Weak., Aside ‘the misfortune to agrl- oulture 8¢ the world-wide depression - had - the most severs STAR, WASHINGTON D. C. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 2. 1930. SIDENT SEES FIRM BASIC FOUNDATION Fi drought. It has affected particularly the States bordering on the Potcmac, ¥o, and Lower Mississippi Rivers, with some areas in Montana, Kan- sas, Oklahoma, and Texas. It has found its major expression n the shortage of pasturage and a shrink- age in the crn from an aver- age of about 2,800,000,000 bushels to about 2,090,000,000 bushels. . On August 14 I called a confer- ence of (‘l\: governors of thé most acutely affected States, and as a re- sult of its conclusions I appointed a national committee comprising the heads of the important Federal agencies under the chairmanship of the Secretary of Agriculture. The vernors in turn have appoinied Eate committees representative of the farmers, bankers, busincss men, and the Red Cross, and subsidiaty committees have been established in most of the acutely affected countis. Railway rates were reduced on feed and livestock in and out of the drought areas, and over 50,000 cars of such products have been trans- ported under these reduced rate The Red Cross established a prelim- inary fund of $5,000,000 for distress relief purposes and establ shed agen- cies for its administration in each county. Of this fund less than $500,- 000 has been called for up to this time as the need will appear more largely during the winter. The Fed- eral Farm Loan Board hes extended its credit facilities, and the Federal Farm Board has given financial assistance to all affected co-opera- tives, In order that the Government may meet its full obligation toward our countrymen in distress through nc fault of their own, I recommend that an appropriaticn should be made to the Department of Agricul- ture to be loaned for the purpose of seed and feed for animal Its application should as hitherto In such loans be limited to a gross amount to any one individual, and secured upon the erop. The Red Cross can relieve the cases of individual distress by the sympathetic assistance of our people. Budget Estimates Too Low in View of Depression. 1 shall submit the detailed finan clal position of the Government With recommendations in the usual Budget message. 1 will at this time, how- ever, mention that the Budget esti- mates of receipts and expeaditures for the current year were formvlated by the Treesury and the Budget Bu- reau at @ time when it was impos- sible to forecast the severity of the business depression and have been most seriously affected by it. At that time a surplus of about 8123 000,000 was estimated for this fiscal year and tax reduction which affected the fiscal year to the extent of 875,000,000 was authorized by the Congress, thus reducing the esti- mated surplus to about $48,000.000. Closely revised estimates now made by the Treasury &nd the Bureau of the Budget of the tax, postal, d other receipts for the current fiscal year indicate a decrease of about $430,000,000 frcm the estimate of a year ago, of which about $75,000,000 is due to tax reduction, leaving about $385,000,000 due to the depression. Moreover, legislation enacted by Con- gress subsequent to the submissicn of the Budget enlarging Federal con- struction work to expand einp! and for increase in vetoran: services and other items, have in- creased expenditures during the cur- rent fiscal year by about $225,000,000, Thus the decrease of $430,000,000 in revenue and the increase of E2 000,000 in expenditure adversely change the original Budget situation by about $655,000,000. This large ::ll.fllu ‘;I ':ll_blet by the ormn?l esti- Plus & year ago of about $123,000,000, -by the application of $185,000,000 of interest payments upon the foreign debt to current expendijures, by arrangentents of the Farm Board through repayments, ete., in confequence of which they reduced their net cash demands upon the Treasury by $100,000,000 in this period, and by about $67,000,000 economies and deferments brought about in the Government, thus re- ducing the practical effect of the change in the situation to an esti- mated deficit of about $180,000,000 for the present fiscl year. 1 shall make suggestions for “handiing the present-year deficit in the Budget message, but I do not favor en- croachment upon the statutory re- duction of the public debt. Rigid Ecom‘ ecessal to Avoid Tax N o While it will be necessary in pub- lic interest to further jncrease ex- penditures during the current fiscal year in ald to unemployment by speeding up construction work and aid to the farmers affected by the drought, I can not emphasize too strongly the absolute necessity to defer any ®ther plans for increase of Government expenditures. The Budget for 1932 fiscal year indicates estimated expenditure of about $4.- 054,000,000, including postal deficit. The receipts are estimated at about $4,085.000,000 if the temporary tax reduction of last year be discon- tinued, lnvln&mn surplus of only about $30,000,¢ Most rigid econ- omy is therefore necessary to avoid increase in taxes. Our Army and Navy are being maintained at & high rate of effi- cieney under officers of high training and intelligence, supported by a de- voted personnel of the rank and file. The London naval treaty has brought important economies in the conduct of the Navy. The Navy Department will lay before the committees of the Congress recommendations for a program of authorization of new construction which should be initi- ated in the fiscal year of 1932. This is the last session of the Seventy-first Congress. During its previous sittings it has completed a very large amount of important legislation, notably: The establish- ment of the Federal Farm Board; fixing congressional reapportion- ment; revision of the tariff, includ- ing the flexible provisions and a re- organization of the Tarifft Commis- sion; reorganization of the Radio Commission; reorgsnization of the prisons; expansion of itals; establishment of owances to veterans; consolidation of veteran activities; consolidation and strengthening of prohibition enforcement activities in ent of Justice; organiza- & Narcotics Bureau; largé harbors im~ London naval treaty. Important Measures Should Pass This Congress Session. The Congress has before it legis- lation partially completed iri the g:lun. y tion, nu"Z:"‘i“M T of in the courts, feorganization of bor- der patrol in prevention of smug- gling, law enforcement in the Dis- trict of Columbia, and other subjects. It is desirable that these meas- ures should be completed. The short session does not permit of extensive legisiative programs, but there are a number of questions which, if time does not g:rmlz action, I recommend should in consideration by the Conpgress, per- haps through committees cooperating in some instances with the Federal departments, with view to prepara- tion for subsequent action. Among them are the following subjects: el e e intersiate electrical power, Such regulation should preserve the inde- :n‘dence and responsibility of the ates. We have determined upon a na- tional policy of consolidation of the railways as a necessity ‘of more stabie and more economically cper= ated transportation. Further legis- lation is necessary to facilitate such consolidation. In the public intcrest we should strengthen the railways that they may meet our future needs. Monopely Investigation Put Up Jo Congress.. 1 recommend that the Congress institute an Inquiry into some aspects of the economic working of these laws. I do not.favor repeal of the Sherman act. The prevention cf monopolies is of most vital public importance, Competition is not cnly the basis of protection to the con- sumer but is the incentive te prog- ress. However, the interpretation of these laws by the courts, the changes in business, especially in the eco- nomic effects upon those enterprises closely related to the use of ‘he nat- ural resources of the country, make such an inquiry advisable, The pro- ducers cf these materials assert that certain unfortunate results of ‘was ful and destructive use of these ural resources together with a ds structive competition which impo erishes both operator and worker cannot be remedied because of the prohibitive interpretation of the anti- trust laws, The well known condition of the bituminous coal industry i an fllustration. The people have & vital interest in the conservaticn of their natural resources: in the nrevention ©of wasteful practices: in conditions of destruetive competition which may impoverish the producer d the ‘WAge earner; and they aave equal interest in maintaining adequate competition, I therefore suggest that an inquiry be directed especially to the effect of the workings of the anti-trust laws in these particular flelds to determine if these evils can be-remedied without sacrifice of the fundamental purpose of these laws. It is urged by many thoughtful citizens that the peculiar econcmic effect of the income tax on so-called capital gains at the present rate is to enhance speculative inflation and likewise impede business recovery, I belicve this to be the case and I recommend that a study be made of the econcmic effects of this tax and of its relation to the general structure of our income tax law. More Selective Tmmi, Laws Held Net!-li!,‘"““ There s need for revision of immigration laws upon a more lfl‘-’ ited and more selective basis, flex- ible to the needs of the country. Under conditions of current un- employment it is obvious that per- gons coming to the United States seeking work would likely become either a direct or indirect public charge. As a temporary measure the officers issuing visas to immi- grants have been, In pursuance of the law, instructed to refuse visas to applicants likely to fall into this class. As a result the visas issued have decreased from an average of about 24,000 per month prior to restricticns to a rate of absut 7,000 during the last month. These are largely preferred persons under the law Visas from Mexico are about 250 per month compared to about 4,000 previous to restrictions. . The whole subject requires exhaustive reconsideration. I urge the strengthening of our d?m-!uucn laws s0 as to more fully rid ourselves of criminal aliens. Furthermore, thousands of persons have entered the ccuntry in vidla~ tion of the immigration laws. The very method of their entry indi- cates their objectionable character, and our law-abiding foreign-born mldmfimgr lf;h cogn;q:u'm,’n! _recom: at the - vide methBds cf strengthening the Government to correct this-abuse. Post Office Bullding Preferred To Costly Lease System. Due to deferment of Gavernment building over may years, previous administrations had been compelled to enter upon types of leases for secondary facilities in large cities, some of which were objectionable a8 representing too high a return upon the value of the property. To prevent the occasion for further un- economic leasing I recommend that the Congress authorise the building &y the Government of its own facili- es. The Nation has generously ex- panded its care for veterans. The consolidation of all veterans’ activi- ties into the Veterans’ Administra- tion has produced substantial ad- ministrative economies. The con- solidation also brings emphasis to the inequalities in service and al- lowances. The whole subject is under study by the administrator, and 1 recommend it should also be examined by the committees of the Congress, v I urge further consideration by the Congress of the recommenda- tions I made a year ago looking to the development through temporary Federal aid of adequate State and local services for the health of chil- dren and the further stamping out of communicable disease, particu- larly in the rural sections. e ad- vance of sclentific discovery, meth- ods, and soclal thought imposes a new vision in these matters, drain upon the Federal Treasury is comparatively small. ‘The results both economic and moral are of the utmost importance. It is my belief that after the pass- ing of this depression, when we can examine it in retrospect, we shall need to consider a number of other questions as to what action may be taken by the Government to remove possible governmental influences which make for instability and to better organize mitigation of the effect of depression. It is as yet too soon to constructively formus late such measures. There are many administrative subjects, such as departmental reor- ganization, extension of the civil service, readjustment of the postal rates, etc, which at some appropri- ate time require the attention of the Congress. Special World Court ‘To Be Advised Later. Our relations with foreign coun- tries have been maintained upon & wlflh basis of cordiality and good During the past year the London naval pact was completed, approved Dby the-Senate, and ratified by the governmhents comce! . By this treaty we have abol heg competis tion In the bullding of* warships, have established the basis of parity of the United States with the strongest of foreign powers, and have accomplished a substantial re- duction in war vessels. During the year there has been an_extended political unrest in the world. Asia continues in disturbed revolutions have . Argentina, Ly : Despl;e mfl:a jeopardy to our citizens and their property which naturally erises in such circumstances, we have, with the cooperation of the governments concerned, been able t0 meet all such Instances without friction. We have resumed normal relations with the new governments of nrn:khA tina, Peru, and Bolivia immq tely upon evidence that they ‘were able to give protection to our citizens and theh"gmpefl , and that they recognized their international obligations. Aucum‘hsznnmwhlch 1’wlu sup~ port ngress has com- pleted l:'lnmll.luon and reported in respect ‘upon futu licies 43 Haiti and proved of Righ ‘vaws, Action RELIEF MEASURES CIVEN FIRST PLACE Hoover Asks for Funds to Meet Jobless’ -and Farm- ers’ Needs. (Continued From First Page) trol in prevention of smuggling, and law enforcement in the District of Co- lumbis &s the measures he would hope to see enacted into Jaw. No specific mention of prohibition was made in the President’s message today. It is believed that he will make no further recommendations with regard to the dry Iaws until he has before him the report of the Commisison on Law- Observance and Law Enforcement, heeded by George W. Wickersham. However, the measutes for relief of court congestion, reorganisation of border pa- trol and law enforcement in the Dis- triet of Columbia are all port of the program for more strict enforcement of the dry laws which President Hoover uried upon Congress at its last session, following a preliminary report of the Wickersham Commission. Outlines Program of Study. In addition to recommending the pas- sage of this legislation, the President suggested that the two Houses of Con- gress, through committees, would do well to study other subjects with a view to leglslllln%'whtn the new Congress comes into being. He enumerated in this list of subjects electrical power in interstate commerce, railroad consoli- dation, the anti-trust laws, the income tax on so-called capital gains, immi- gration, deportation of alien criminals, it office building, care of the World ar veterans, child health and the stamping out of communicable diseases, particularly in rural sections. The President said emphatically that he did not favor repeal of the Sherman anti-trust_act, holding that “the pre- vention of monopolles is of most im- portance.” He sald, however, that changing conditions warranted an ex- amination of the anti-trust la In his discussion of the foreign re- lations of the United States, President Hoover gave formal notice that in a special me: to the Benate he would lay before ‘that body ‘“the protocols covering the statutes of the World Court which have been revised to ac- cord with the sense of previous Senate reservations.” He declared that the re- Iations of this country with foreign na- tions have been maintained upon a high basis of cordiality and will. He referred to the negotiation and rati- fication of the London naval .treaty, which abolishes competition in the building of warships, and to the suc- oess of the commission which was sent to Haiti to investigate and re| upon policies of this country in the future toward that nation. An el Hait! has been held, he said, and & new vernment established and the American high commissioner has beén replaced by & Minister, with the hepe that by 1935 the American Govern- ment can completely withdraw its ac- tivities from Hafti. Depression Discussed. ‘The causes of the economic depres- sion in this country were discussed at considerable length by the President, and also the steps which have been taken to meet the situation. He ple- tured the distress which has followed this depression and the drought, but t the same ti he declared that ral. pred that this eount, eventually would be found leading m"i’ way to recovered prosperity. At the outset of his message, the President said: “Substantial progress has been made dus " the year in national peace and security; the fundamental sg:nnh of the Nation's economic life is unim- paired; education and scientific discov- ery have made advances; our country is more alive to its spiritual welfare.” In an effort to measure the extent of the business depression, the President compared percentages of activity during the last three months with the h(lhlI prosperous year of 1928. He showed, in these comparisons, that the value of department store sales in the last three months was 93 per cent of that in 1928; that the volume of manufacturing uction was 80 per cent of that of 928; that the volume of mineral production was 90 per cent; that the volume of factory employment was 84 per cent; that total of bank de- in mur(nxntho acceptance of these polietes. election has been held and a new government established. We have replaced our high commise sioner by a minister and have be- gun the gradual withdrawal of our activities with view to complete re~ tirement at the expiration of the present treaty in 1935. A number of arbitration and cone pieted or negotlated during the year or nego! uring the yes and will be presented for approval b'ln!‘; ficn;lh al 1a; all, in & special message, before the Benate the protocols covering the statutes of the World Court which have been revised to. accord with the sense of previous reservations, Paying Up problems of moral and | to posits was 105 cent; that the whole- sale prices—all commodities—was 83 't cent, and that the cost of living was 4 per cent of the cost of living in 1928. “There are many factors,” said the President, “which give enceuragement for the future. The fact that we are holding from 80 to 85 per cent of our normal activities and incomes; that our major financial and Industrial institu- tlons have come through the storm un- impaired; that price I:vels of major commodities have remained approxi- mately stable for some time; that a number of industries are showing signs of increasing demand; that the world at large is readjusting itself to the situ- ation, all reflect grounds for confidence. We should remember that these occa- sions have been met many times before, that they are but temporary in char- acter, that our country is today stronger | and richer in resources, in equipment, in skill, than ever in its history.” Peints Out Co-operations The President declared that ‘“eco- nomic depression cannot be cured by legislative actlon or executive pro- nouncement” and that “econcmic wounds must be healed by the action of the cells of the economic body—the producers and consumers themselves.” He added, however, that recovery can be aided by co-operation, and he listed the kinds of co-operation which should be had, beginning with the Federal Government and including the co-oper- ation of State and municipal govern- ment, of each community and of the individual citizen. “Each industry,” said the President, “should assist its own employes, each community and each State should as- sume its full responsibilities for organi- zation and employment and relief of distress with that sturdiness and inde- pendence which built a great Nation." The President pointed out that the |'Federal Government had Initiated ex- tensive co-operative measures throtigh- out_the m“er' including agreement | of leading employers to maintain the standards of wages and of labor leaders to use their influence against strife. He sald that in a large measure these undertakings have been lived up to and that the usual reduction of wages and strikes which have followed times of depression have been absent. Much has been done to keep construction and betterment work going both by the QGovernment, by the States and by the big public utility corporations. “The result of magnificent co-oper- atlon,” he said, “throughout the coun- try has been that actual suffeting has been kept to a minimum during the past 12 months, and our uhemployment has been far less in Pmpcmon than in other large industrial countries.” Some time ago, the President con- tinued, it had become evident that the unemployment would extend through the Winter months. The Nation, he said, had a definite duty to see that no deserving person in America suffers from hunger and cold. For that rea- son he had sct up a more intensive co- operation throughout the country, which has been bearing results. . Unemployed Have Increased. ‘The census lest April, he said, had shown 2,500,000 unemployed in the country. There has been an increase in unemployment since then in some of the larger trades accor to the in- dex of the Department n(dl“ngon At the same time, he called attention to the fact that n there are about 1,000,000 unem in the country, who afe not without annual income, but are temporarily idle in the shift from cne job to another. “As a contribution,” said the Presi- dent, “to the situation the Ped Gov- ;rnment mrznn[ed npon'hz\;n(rntut am of waterway, r, flood con!rol. public bulld .’nM airway im- provement in all our This, to- gelber with loans to merchant ship A , other n- struction work of the entuerfll exceed $520,000,000 for this fiscal year. a zle ‘_2“.0“,000 in the The President sald, “however, tnat there must ek 4 ook S, o b s must be more 00, in getti; b- lic works under way so as to ‘“.mt‘hr m:l:lmum employment as early as pos- e congrels epproseinie e that additional $100,000,000 to $150,000,f for public k: be avaliable immediately, the President. recommended that this money should be made distributable the variois departments upo: Cabinet and.spproval by the Bresident Al e ent. Its application to wur‘l already au- thoriged by , he- said, assures an expenditure upon construction of all kinds of more than $650,000,000 during the fiext 12 months. 1t 1s.my bellef,” said the President, of this depres- “that after the | slon, when we can examine it in retro- 4#pect, we shall need to consider a num- ber of o questions as to what action may be 'n by the Gevernment to Temove e vernmental influ- ences which make for instability and to Better organizé mitigation of the effect Setrative Sublects, such o deparimentai e such as en oy A ) n rates, etc, which st the proper time require the attention of Congréss.” Death Asked for 7 Rebels. MEXICO CITY, December 2 (#).— The death penalty ‘will be asked for all seven former naval officers who are belnfi tried here for participation in the rebellion of March, 1029. It is_the contention of Commodore Niram Fernander and his six fellow de- fendants that their adhesion to the revolution was merely a strategy to make it possible to get the fleet out of X:l'fl‘ Orus Harbor, which the rebels Start the New Year ¢ RIGHT —by— Your; Bills And-Get the Money —from— THE MORRIS PLAN BANK By, FUTURE OF AMERICA HOOVER'S MESSAGE STIRS COMMENTS Many Democrats Take View President Understated Se- riousness of Conditions. President Hoover's mess: to Coms gress was the subject of w! comment at the Capitol this afternoon. Repube licans generally approved the message. Some of the Democrats, on the other hand, took the view that the President had understated the seriousness of the situation due to unemployment. Senator Wesley L. Jones of Washing- ton, chairman of the Committee on Ap- propriations, said of the message: “It is & clear, concise, businesslike statement of Government affairs and recommends concrete measures to meet the emergent situation in the country, The more Quickly we act on these suggestions the sooner will conditions tend toward and become normal.” Robinson Voices Opinion, Senator Robinson of Arkansas, Deme ocratic leadér of the Senate, said: “The President's message discloses & comprehensive study of the unemplo; ment situation, but it is doubtful if account of unemployment in the me; sage is complete. Many thousands of persons, notably in the rural commu- Dhities, have been interfered with, and those who are under the necessity of seeking work and who have not now the opportunity of bringing their ree quirements to the attention of the Des partment of Labor or the Census Bue Teau. In order to deal with the sube Jject adoquately it seems necessary to Tecognize the exceptional conditions which now exist and to caill for a lib- eral and extraordinary remedy. “With respect to emergency measures for relief in the drought areas, my sug- Eemlon; on m;l l:?];ct e l;muud in , terms of whic! already bee: given to the public.” i % Hartison Criticism Severe, A more tevere criticism of the mes- sage Is contained in a_statément by f‘::afhr Harrison of Mississippl, He “It shows the President to have no conception cf the existing conditions throughout the country. His resume of the causes of our present economic disorder presents an excuse that is piti- able, an akbi that 15 ridiculous. 1f he had desired to put his finger on the real cause, he would have confessed that it was the conception, prolor discussion and enactment of the indis- gulsable Hoover-Grundy tariff act th grgv(g:d and assured the economic ebacle.” : 26 MEMBERS ELECTED TO BOARD OF TRADE Plans for Book. Describing Na- tional Capital. Discussed With Col. Grant at Meeting. 'n-em&,-sxx new members were elected to the Was| Board of Trade at & board of directors meeting at head- uarters in The Star e new members include Bliss, Fred W. be mbarkation gnbua works h“-‘i m;‘n " P:: Irwin, 4 , Edwin P. 8 h D. Wyl‘ and Robert N, Taylor. to publish a book of Washing- descriptive of the city were dis- by the board. Col. Grant, who is director of the National Capital Park and Plan; Commission, was present to give the directors first-hand informa- ton concerning such an undertaking. ton NOTED SPRINTER TO WED Charles Paddock and Mrs. Malaby Choose Marriage Date. LOS ANGELES, December 2 (#)— Charles Paddock, formerly the world's B S i T aby, yesterda; o o iy les. 3 3 na 0 per publisher, announced the engage- The wedding Wi cake_ piace ' Pass: 3 e ace In o dena December 11, o bt ddock gave his occupation as a “journalist” and sald he was 30. Mrs. Malaby gave her age as 26. She was divorced four years ago. . DEBT PAYMENTS VOTED MEXICO CITY, December 2 (#).— The Chamber of Deputies today :a; roved the petition of President O ubfo for extraordinary powers to deal with financial matters. The Senate al- ready had approved the measure. The Debt mittee of the Chamber of Deputies today rendered a report recommending that $20,000,000 be set aside in next year's budget for payment " of debts.