Evening Star Newspaper, October 6, 1930, Page 8

THE EVENING " STAR tridytion is unjustified and unfair. To|playing on their home fiéld, in more Wity Sunday Morning Edition, WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY October 6, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company 11t st "aRd Fenoen) an P Koy SR T Lake Mic European Office; 14 Re;em“!'t.,. London: nd: Rate by Carrier Within the City. e Evenine Star.. .......... h R’-'hl::n‘ng and Sy i undays) L The Evening and Sunday 912 ¢ Per ey (when § Fundays) ......... 83 per month e Sunday St oo 5C per olpllection made at the end of cach menth: A Sh00e sent in by mall or teiephone Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance, Maryland and Virginia, Bally snd sunday 210.00: 1 mo.. 88c | 1y onl 8.00: indas ony 0 1men i8¢ .1vr 1y 4.00; 1 mo.. 40c Sy o All Other States and Canada. | n e ! unday only L 1500 1mos 406 Member of the Associated Press. ; atio WDecial dlspaiches herein are slig. seserved Is It Worth While? Disasters such as that of the destruc- tion of the newest British dirigible R-101, with the loss of forty-six lives, lessen faith in the possible Cevelopment ; of the lighter-than-air crafi as the mainstay of aerial navigation. The catastrophe at Beauvais, France, where | the ship crashed in the course of its flight from England t» Egypt and thence to India, demonstrates anew the liabil~ ity of these great gas bags to derange- ment by the elements and, especially when inflated and upheld by hydrogen, to sudden anc complete destruction by explosion. The remarkable success of the Graf Zeppelin, which has’ flown across the seas several times and has rounded the world, practically without, mishap, does not overcome the feeling that this form of aircraft is subject to contemplate such an increase in ad- vance of the fiscal inquiry by the House this Winter, at which some ef- fort undoubtedly will be made to in- vestigate the merits of existing tax- \ation, is illogical in the extreme. The Budget Bureau's previous policy in connection with the amount of the Federal contribution has been merely to include as the next year's contri- bution the amount appropriated by the preceding Congress. ‘Whether the Budget Bureau allows $10,000,000 this year as the Federal contribution re- mains to be seen. As a matter of fact, its action in this respect is not of vital importance to the taxpayers of the District. Ten million dollars is an obviously inadequate Federal con- | tribution, While the contribution should, of course, be increased, the in- crease should exceed the $500,000 put down by the Commissioners for the purpose of balancing their budget es- timates. It pressing needs now confronting the District cannot be cut down without seriously handicapping Capital develop- ment the Commissioners and the Budget Bureau should send forward a budget based on revenue availability under ex- isting tax rate and the Federal contri- bution. Accompanying this budget there should be a supplementary list of ur- gently needed items for which there are no available funds until Congress dis- poses of the question of how they will be raised. There should be no practical difficulties preventing this form of budget, as Budget Bureau officials are already contemplating some method of separating the District budget from the budgets of the Government depart- ments. It would enable Congress to ob- | tain & concise picture of the condition of District finances, which is otherwise lost in the mere compilation of a list of recommended expenditures. The Federal departments are making every effort to keep down expenditures to prevent an increase in Federal tax- ation. The same efforts should apply in the case of the unrepresented District of Columbia. e ——— liabilities greatly lessening its utility as a carrier of people and commodities on a large scale. All the available evidence in the case of the R-101 points to its destruction through its lack of buoyancy. It may never be possible, to reconstruct the tragedy in cetall, so nearly complete is Brazil in Revolution. Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, Cuba—now Brazil. The epidemic of revolution is indeed abroad in the Latin American land. Events in the republic of the Dom Pedros have not yet reached the stage of imminent overthrow of the govern- ment at Rio de Janeiro, but the great the loss of life. But the pilot, who was at the controls when the crash occurred, tells enough to permit a vir- tually assured version of the disaster to be recorded. The ship, he says, was not making altitude, could not be raised to & safe distance from the earth, un- der the weight of the rain that was drencing its vast body. There was perhaps something about the fabric of the great envelope that caused it to hold an undue quantity of moisture, amounting in the aggregate to tons, so immense was the surface. It may have been the driving force of rain and wind that beat the ship down. Or it may have been that the ship was overloaded with fuel and with passengers for the long flight to Egypt. Possibly she was defective in structure. As the reports have come the ship crashed or bumped first and then an explosion occurrec. Thus the sequence seems to have been adverse to the hypothesis of an explosion causing the fall. Nor is there a likelinood $hat the explosion was caused by smoking on board, a practice permitted for the first time in British dirigible flying, owing to the use of petroleum fuel. For all on board save the operating crew—and these were virtually the only survivors— were asleep when the crash came. The storm, then, seems to have been the cause of the disaster. Just so was the Prench dirigible Dixmude lost over the Mediterranean when she was struck by lightning in December, 1923. Save for a {ragment that possibly may have been a part of her equipment, found long af.erward, no trace of her ever has been discovered. Fifty-two persons lost thoir lives. Again, the Shenandoah was wrecked in a storm in Ohio Sep- tember 3, 1925. Her fabric was lit- erally wrenched in twain by the violence of the wind. Fourteen people died in that disaster. The dirigible Roma, bought by the United States from Italy, creshed in flames near Hampton Roads in February, 1922,.with a loss of thirty- four lives. This, it is believed, was due to contact with high-power electric wires. The dirigible ZR-2, bought for the United States in England, buckled through & weakness of structure in the course of a trial flight in the latter country and forty-two were killed. The loss of neither the Roma nor the ZR-2 was attributable to a storm. The Brit- ish R-34 in January, 1920, was wrecked in a gale at Howden, England, though with no loss of life. Eighteen months before, the British dirigible NS-11 was struck by lightning over the North Sea and twelve died. 8o the record runs, with still other losses in lighter-than-air craft. The total cost of these great ships that have gone through explosion, fire, lightning and wreckage by storm has been an immense sum. R-101 alone cost $5,000,- 000. The loss of life has been heavy, | perhaps more than 250 in all, including | this latest horror of the air. The ques- | tion arises whether it is worth while | to continue the building of these great | marks for the wind and lightning, these | toys of the elements, for which, when | a storm strikes, there is no haven of | safety. So many souvenirs have been pre- sented to Lindbergh that a special fund might properly be collected to. enable him to pay storage charges. R No Increase in Tax Rate. After it became known that for the fiscal year 1932 the Commissioners had predicated their estimates for a $48,- 000,000 budget on a local tax rate of $1.80 and a Federal contribution of 510,000,000 3t was carefully explained ai. the District Building that cuts in the budget total, suggested in the course of hearings which begin today, might make this proposed increase in taxa- tion unnecessary. The Commissioners by no means chould commit themselves to any in- crease in the tax rate in order to jus- tify their demands for Budget Bureau Southern states of Rio Grande do Sul, Minas Geraes and Parahyba appear to be firmly in revolutionary hands, in- cluding the important harbor city of Porto Alegre, A portion I the Brazilian Navy is re- ported to have gone over to the insur- gents, while troops in the rebelling states are undergoing mobilization for a formal march against the seat of fed- eral power in the North, including the various state governments lying between razil’s Dixie and Rio de Janerio. Out- going dispatches are undergoing severe censorship, with the result that conflict- ing news is emanating from border countries, principally Uruguay. That the revolutionary pot is boil- ing in Brazil is certain. That it can easily boil over, with transcendent con- sequences, seems just as sure. President Washington Luis’ government, at whose abolition the southern revolutionaries aim, is evidently determined, like President Machado’s regime at Havana, to fight for its life. The Brazilian Congress, at Senor Luis' instigation, yesterday voted $10,000,000 to suppress revolt in Rio Grande do Sul and Minas Geraes, ‘This defense appropriation was decreed on the heels of a congres- sional enactment declaring a state of siege in the States aflame with rebellion. Between them, Rio Grande do Sul, Minas Geraes and Parahyba contain half the population of Brazil. That is & circumstance by itself which portrays the enormity and gravity of the crisis. The cause of Brazil's troubles is not far to seek. As elsewhere in South America, where revolution has recent- ly reared its head, economic distress is the match which lit the fires of re- volt. In Cuba, it is sugar that les at the bottom of the revolutionary cup. In Brazil, coffee fills it. The cele- brated “coffee defense,” or ‘“valoriza- tion” plan, by which the Rio govern- ment has sought iri recent years to re- strict production and maintain prices, has not achieved the expected results. Financially and industrially, Brazl is hagd hit. Anti-government plotters ambitious militarists, and political mal- contents thrive on economic unrest. They are taking advantage of its ex- istence in Brazil Civil war in a neighboring land, where North and South clash, cannot fail to conjure up sad memories in the United States. Northern political influence has traditionally dominated Brazilian affairs. Against its perpet- uation the South is now in uprising ‘Ties of trade and sentiment unite us very closely to the Brazilian people. ‘They made President-elect Hoover's visit to Rio early in 1929 the occasion for demonstrating their desire for con- tinued comradeship with the Colossus of the North. President-elect Prestes, who visited Washington this year, left behind everywhere the happiest impres- sion. For all these reasons we in the United States trust that the Brazilians may resolve their difficulties and ani- mosities without bloodshed and with- out enduring hurt to the sources of welfare in the Amazonian Republic, whose vast reaches exceed in area even those of Uncle Sam’s wide open spaces. e r———— It is unfortunate for the world that a number of countries insist on conduct- ing_conflicts on their own account in- stead of concentrating on the great mental relaxation afforded by the world championship base ball games. r———— America continues to take her base ball very seriously. It is a wholesame indication of vigorous thought that en- joys relaxation in preparing for greater cares. The Cardinal Worm Has Turned. The unexpected has happened in the world series of base ball games now being played between the Philadel- phia Athletics and the St. Louis Car- dinals. The Mistourians, beaten twice in succession at the outset of the match ~and beaten apparently through dem- approval of the 1932 estim:tes. The tax-paying eitizens, through their vari- cus organizations, have gone on rccord cgainst an increasc in tanes. Any in- npt onstrated superiority in ll"{::plrt- ments of the game—have, like pro- verbial worm, turned and at this writ- ing are on even terms with their op- penents, taking two £2mos in order. Thy tuch a cb of form? Was it the fact that the Cardinals were familiar surroundings? Was it be- cause they were playing before a friend- ly crowd instead of in an alien atmos- phere? Was it because the playing fleld in St. Louis is not so conducive to the making of home runs as Shibe Park in Philadelphia? Or was it the flaming of the spirit of determination to conquer despite the handicap of suc- cessive defeats? In the course of the years of the supremacy of base ball as the national sport in this country volumes have besn written about the causes of slumps and of revivals, about batters who have los’ their “eyes” and pitchers who have lost their cunning suddenly coming into their own, with safe hits and with baffling curves. The psychology of the game is a profoundly dnteresting study. Perhaps some day it will be possible to define the law of behavior on the ball field in terms that will be satisfactory. Until then, and perhaps always, the uncertainties of the sport will make it one of the most fascinating forms of athletic competition for both partici- pant and beholder. Today the teams are battling in St. Louis for the fifth contest in the series, However this game results, they must move back to Philadelphia for a sixth game, which may be the last, or again may be the penultimate, with the de- ciding game played on Wednesday. The hope for a Cardinal victory entertained in Washington degpite the circumstance that it is a city of the other league, aris- ing from the fact that the St. Louis manager is an old Washington player of fame and affectionately remembered as Walter Johnson's catcher, is mnow strengthened by these two victories, and should “Gabby” Street finally win through his triumph will be cheered no more heartily than in Washington. ———— Uruguay is now lined up for the old question of political definition: At what point does a revolt cease and become a revolution? —_ e South America has developed a de- gree of political unrest creating the fear that the world’s supply of dictators wiil not be equal to the demand. Mo A Automobile crashes continue to claim victims. The more spectacular airship is mot the sole offender in demanding a toll of human life. ———— France now boasts of being the rich- est nation and a number of political relatives are waiting to see what she will do with all her money. Un-mployment is & problem best solved by the individual who kriows how to do something that is needed and is willing to give®%he necessary effort. oo Cuba continues its ancient custom of trying all kinds of politics in turn and always with tragic earnestness. —_— r———————— ‘Preedom of speech may have to be interrupted when the speech becomes so unrestrained that fighting is inevitable. B — SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Deliberation. Give yourself time To get into your prime And hope for a courage that's stronger. You may make the play That will win you the day. 1If you'll walt just a little bit longer. Of time it's & waste ‘To make effort in haste, In life with its loving and hating A reward you may find That brings peace to your mind, For only a wee bit of waiting. Disquieting Thought. “What do you think of prohibition?” “In my political plans,” said Senator Sorghum, “I try not to think of it at all. It's too terrible.” “A good hoss,” said Jud Tunkins, “needs an honest jockey and an honest trainer and an honest owner—so what chance has you got of guessing a hoss race?” Hall fo the Chief! Dictators come! Dictators go! *As politics pursue the game! The brass band marches fast or slow And stil]l keeps playing, just the same! Beauty Contest. “So the new baby is a girl!” said the publicity hound. “And peifectly beautiful!” exclaimed the fatber. “She’s lucky! She gets a prise right in her own home without public com- petition.” “A good man,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, "is to be respected when | he tries to reform you—until he becomes 0 much in earnest that he seeks to em- ploy physical force.” Any More Hard Luck? The katydid has told of frést. The farmer counts what he has lost In crops, throughout the drought since | May, And says, “What have you, any way?” “A lazy man,” said Uncle Eben, “gets more encouragement in life dan is| beneficial to him, ‘cause he's always good-natured.” — O —— Congress as Rainmaker. Prom the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Congress passed 21 bills dealing agriculture, but it appears none ef provided for regular rains. - with them Low Down or Down Low. Prom the Omaha World-Herald. We like to get the low-down on wheat, but not when it is the low-down price. o No Silent Suffering There. Prom the Akron Beacon Journal. South Americans don’t suffer in silence when times get hard. They overthrow the government and take the soft jobs. st Sl Open and Shut. From the San Bernardino Sun. Chicago gang leaders are being ar- fl.v&. rested for no visible means of support, although to an outsider, crime 15 visible enough ih that city. The Non-Rollable Button. From the Omghs World-Herald. A fortune also awaits the genius who will invent a collar button that will stay put when it strikes the floor. Development in Dealing. OCTOBER 6, 1930 THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ‘The singing teacup that lost its song through some obscure change in the flaw within the inner glaze was only an interesting variation of an always charming hobby, the collection of china, glass, pottery. Nor is this hobby a feminine one. Just as the great potters, from Josiah Wedgwood down, have been men, so collectors of these items number many men among their numbers. A collector of anything collects not only for rarities, but for numbers— that is, he realizes the utility of an article along with such difference as it may possess. This, of course, applies to such ar- ticles as old bottles, jugs, glasses, vases, cups, and so on. The utility of postage stamps, or match box tops, is difficult to discover. When one collects such things he does it for the pure sake of collection. . Thus collectors may be divided into pure collectors and—no, not impure those who collect both for utility ity, of whatever degree. He would be a connoisseur, indeed, who would not cherish a desire to drink a cup of tea or coffee from some rare cup which he had managed to pick up somewhere, * ok ok K the involved sentences of the novelist Marcel Proust, we would reply that such sentences in reality are not in- volved, but are the essence of sim- plicity, if pne will keep on reading. Many sentences are accused of being involved, when the only trouble is that the reader sets up a cry of complexity before finishing, Some sentences— notably ‘those of the unusual French novelist—are like some els them- selves, it is only at the very end that the various threads are orought together to make an obvious pattern. In addition to not taking his collect- ing too seriously, the average china addict should use such pieces as he gathers. Too many collectors want to make little museum pieces out of old cups, saucers, vases, bottles, lamps, doorstops. Perhaps if they are old enough, and rare enough, this attitude is_permissible. Most home collectors will do better to put into use every one of their possessions. Then they will be able to show them off to advamtage, as well as put them to use, which lat- ter must remaln inseparable from beauty. o It is one of the most diverting oc- cupations of a collector to trace the relationship between utility and beauty Then we must distinguish between ordinary collectors and the rarest. To the former belong most of us, at some | time or other. We make no claim to be true collectors, but pick up a good | piece every now and then, as suits us. | The real collectors are those who | write the books about their hobbies, | write them because they know enough | about their subject to write about it| with authority. A Home-owner inter- ested in antiques may collect as many | pieces of Colonial furniture as he can | without once considering himself as a true collector. Yet to himself he un- doubtedly is one. The most wholesome state of mind an amateur collector may assume is that of simple interest in his hobby and a lack of pretension. His little collection is small, indeed, in com- parison with the number of pleces in a museum. He must realize his own place, in the scheme of collectors, and | not imagine that his collection Is either complete, exhaustive or even au- thentic. After all, the collecting is the fun, and collecting is fun, as every boy knows who | has a stamp album, or & box full of birds’ nests, or a pocketful of match box toj The boy with 200 different tops may f quite proud of himself, but, as & mat- | ter of fact, thefe are more than 12,000 | different ones put out by the great Swedish Match Company. We are indebted to the magazine Fortune for that fact. We instance it | because we believe it shows as well as any other comparison the futility of | taking collecting too seriously, espe- cially the will-o'-the-wisp of attempting to get a “complete” collection of any- thing. It cannot be done. The joy of amateur collection comes in the collecting, in the sheer going | along one’s way; picking up, every now and then, a good item, interesting, col- orful, pleasing to the one who collects. L which runs through practically all household furnishings. ‘Wingchairs, with side pieces, were made so because the wings kept the drafts off in the unheated houses of their birth period. There is a reason, truly, for almost every line or adjunct in almost every one of the pleces of old furniture. Often what we take as made for beauty's sake alone was made solely be- cause it was useful in that form. Use makes beauty. The automobile illustrates this very well. The progress] models over the years have come inlo being | not only ‘because they represent the culmination of a search for appear- lance, but even as much because such lines and dimensions give better bal- ance, greater speed, better utilization of materials and space. The engine, the heart of the motor car, has had more to do with the beauty of the whole automobile than a sheer appreciation of line_values. The engincer, in the final analysis, will have more to say about the “looks” of future cars than the artist—or the woman. 1t is not such a big jump from motor cars to teacups as it may seem. Both are arlicles of utility, into which beauty has been forced by the taste of users. One might drink his morning beverage from a tin can, as tramps are sup- posed to do; no doubt it would taste as well. But in every person who uses an article reposes some love of the beau- tiful. It may be a poor love of the beautiful, a cheap love, a medioere love, a mistaken love, but always it represents & striving for something more than sheer usage. Even if use is the base of the tri- angle, the sides go up to a peak, and that point represents the ideal of ap- pearance which each user has. In tea- cups manufacturers have made shape, thinness, decoration, the ideals for which they have climbed the stubborn sides of achievement. Only the person with a cultivatec artistic sense can ap- precicte many of the differences of lines vhich cups and vases It In the matter of odd pieces of china, | and so on, one may have a very nice | home collection, although it might bring a slight smile of derision to the man who goes into it for the sake of | business. Well, let him smile. Our half dozen is reasonable to suppose that M. Lalique, the great French glass artist and manu- facturer, knows better than any of his artificers when a new curve to a bottle is a real discovery or a mere variation, The happiness of the collector of small home asticles, such as have been mentioned, lies in & happy combination ] The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. Nebraska, in a stew politically over the effort of Senator George W. Norris, a leading figure in the Progressive group in the Senate, to succeed him- self, has in large measure located the ravages of the drought which hit other States of the Union so hard this Sum- mer and Fall. What effect this mdy have on the election is problematical. The Nebraska farmers have had a bumper wheat crop. Most of this wheat was sold, it said, before the extreme low levels in the price of wheat were reached, and the abundance of the yleld made up in large part for the jower prices, giving the farmers a good return. Corn, on the other hand, 15 somewhat lower than usual in the size of the crop harvested this year, but the pricé of corn is high. This also gives the Nebraska farmer a better break this year. Including the returns the Nebraska farmer will receive for his cattle and hogs, it is estimated that the farm yield for Nebraska this year will be about $600,000,000. The fact the farmer has done much better than was hoped in this State a couple of months ago may have some effect on his attitude when he goes to the polls. The Republicans hope that it will benefit them. Reports from Colorado indicate, too, that the State escaped injury from the drought and that the farmers there are better off this year than they have been in a long time, due to the success of their crops. From North Kansas and Western Iowa there are good reports of the crops and the farmers’ success with them, * ok ox % ‘The business people in sections of the prairie States say that conditions, generally speaking, are better this year than they were last. Perhaps for wat reason there is less inclination in Omaha to criticize the Hoover admin- istration than there is farther East, At any rate, President Hoover still has a large number of admirers and followers in Nebraska, notwithstanding the on- slaughts of Senator Norris. Quite true, there are plenty of people ready to take a crack at the administration in ‘Washington. Many of them, however, are Democrats and others have been struggling along for a number of years trying to meet a situation that found agriculture not partaking of the gen- eral prosperity of the country, a pros- perity which the stock market crash a year ago shook to its foundations. It should not be understood that Nebraska is without a large number of ctitics of the administration. On the other hand, the attacks on the administration are not as vigorous in this Western country as many people in the East have been led to suppose. * ok ok % Nebraska, like other States—even some of those in the “arid West"—has its wet spots. For example, the second congressional district, in which Omaha is located, has two wet nominees this year for the House—Baldridge, the Re- publican, and Burk, the Democratic. ‘This means a wet gain in the House, for Sears, who has represented the district, has been rated a dry. The drys have no candidate to turn to. They must decide between the Republican, who has announced his opposition to na- tional prohibition, and the Democrat, who has taken a similar stand. Generally speaking, the Republicans are dryer than the Democrats, just as they have been in other States. If enough of them resent the stand now taken by their candidate and do not vote in the congressional contest it may elect, Burk. * kK BY FREDERIC ‘What is your question? Whatever it may be, uniess it be a request for legal, medical or financial advice, it will be answered without cost to you, and f‘m will receive the reply in a personal let- ter. Write your question clearly and briefly,. inclose 2-cent stamp for return postage, and address The Evening Star Igformation Bureau, Frederic J. Has- kin, director, Washingten, D. C. Q. Isn't Doeg, the new tennis champ, a son of the former woman tennis champion, May Sutton?—J. K. A. John Hope Doeg's mother was Violet Sutton, a sister of May Sutton Bundy. Q. What is meant by “the great American novel’?—B. E. O. A. 1t is a phrase applied to a novel not yet written, but dreamed of by all who are interested in American’ lit- erature. Q. When does the old-age pension law go into effect in Massachusetts? M. L. M. A. It goes into effect January, 1931. It applies to persons 70 years of age and 13 to be administered by the State commissioner of charities, Q. Are there many schools of higher education in the Panama Canal Zone? D. E A. There re no teacher training, normal _schools, colleges or universities in the Canal Zone. There were in 1929 2 public high schools and 13 public elementary schools. Q. Where is the Westinghouse morial? Please describe, 1t-—A. A. The memorial to George West- inghouse, inventor, will be dedicated in Me- C. Schenley Park. The main unit of the memorial, & bronze statue, was created | by Daniel Chester French. It rises 20 feet from a Norwegian granite base and depicts a figure of the subject. At his sides are two figures, representing a skilled workman and an engineer. Fac- ing this group is the figure of an American_youth studying the achieve- ments. The setting for the memorial was designed by Henry Hornbostel of Pittsburgh. The Picarelll Brothers of New York constructed the models of the units for casting. The six panels, portraying the achievements of Mr. Westinghouse, were designed by Paul Fleldi. Subscriptions of employes of the Westinghouse industries in United States and Canada made the memorial possible. Q. What is the Julian day?—K. L. A. The Julilan day is a device of chronological reckoning often used by astronomers to avoid the complication due to months and years of unequa length. The days are numbared con- secutively beginning with the so-called Julian Era, January 1, 4713 B.C. For example, January 1, 1930, was Julian day 2,425,978. Q. What does the Battle of Fallen Timbers stamp commemorate?—L. M. C. A. The Battle of Fallen Timbers commemorative stamp issued by the Post Office Department is a memorial to Gen. Anthony Wayne, and to com- memorate the one hundred and fifth anniversary of this Battle. “Mad An- thony” Wayne of Revolutionary War fame was called upon to end the | Harmar and St. Clair had failed. He began his campaign in Ohio in the Fall of 1793. In 1794 he was active on the Maumee, and on August 20 defeated {the Indians decisively at Fallen Tim- bers, and in August, 1795, he and 127 of the Northwestern tribes signed the Pittsburgh next month and placed in| the | Indian trouble at the frontier, when | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS - J. HASKIN. | Treaty of Greenville, by whigh the | United States acquired a large tract of | territory. | Q Did Sir Thomas Lipton’s boat cross the ocean under its own power or was it towed>—F. J. B. A. The Shamrock V came sacross the Atlantic partly under its own power and partly in tow. The Erin towed the Shamrogk as far as the open sea and | then cast her off and she set sall. The | two vessels did not meet again until they reached the Azores. After leaving the Azores the Erin took the Shamrock in tow off and on when she was making no progress. Her sails were kept up. rt biography of M. | o Q. Please give a shoi Paul Whiteman.—G. C. A. Paul Whiteman, the conductor, was born in Denver, Colo,, in 1891. He {married Vanda Hoff in 1921. They | have one son, Paul Whiteman. He is | widely known'as a successful leader of fazz orohestras or bands. | @ Have fish any cense of smell?— A C. A. They haye a very definite sense of smell. » Has );:I)r!h America any walled ?—D. H. | A. Tucson, Ariz, is the only one Old Tucson until 1847 was a walled town. A charter by Pucblo del Tuc- | son was granted by the King of Spaiu in 1552. It is one of the oldest Euro- | pean settlements established in this country. It was included in the terri- | tory known as the Gadsden Purchase | acquired from Mexico in 1854. | @ How close to Paris did the Ger- | man Army get>—C. R. D. . The: German advance guards reached a point 15 miles from the out- | skirts of Paris. | @ How can the freshness of pipe smoking tobacco be retained>—-A. A. designed for |, Q towns | ~A. Humidors have been | this special purpose. | @ Where is the source of the Po- | tomac_River?—A. H. D | A. The chief headwaters of the Po- | tomac River are the North Branch, |about 110 miles long, which rises in | the northeast part of West Virginia, |and the South Branch, which rises in | Highland_County, Va., and Pendleton County, W. Va, and flows northeast about 140 miles to its confluence with | the North Branch, about 15 miles below | Cumberland, Md. The total length of ] the river is about 4560 miles. . Did President Wilson veto the | eighteenth amendment?-—E. D. B. | "A. An amendment is not submitted to the President. The eighteenth | amendment became & law_through pa |sage of both houses of Congress by & two-thirds vote and ratification by | three-fourths of the Legislatures of the States. The Volstead act, which was |an enabling act, was vetoed by Presi- | dent Wilson and passed over his veto. . What are the diameters of the pesny, dime, nicksl, quarter, half dollar |and dollar?—F. C. M. A. One cent, 12/16 of an inch: dime, 111, /16 of an inch; nickel, 13!5/16; quarter, 15%/16; half dollar, 19/16, | and dollar, 24/16. . Q. What does the title “Mona Lisa” W. title “Mona” is an abbrevia= tion of the longer word ‘“Madonna,” which means “My Lady.” Lisa is & proper name. “Mona Lisa” is the name of a famous portralt by Leonardo da Vinel. . | | mean?—P. A. The Venetian red glasses please us. The of average use and average apprecia- singing cup, which made a highepitched | tion. It may take a lifetime of study hum, or whistle, when it was filled with |to know the great Oriental rugs or the a hot liquid, preferably coffee, we would | master tapestries, but surely almost Robert G. Simmons, Representative |~ from the sixth congressional district of | Nebraska, looks to be a sure wlnner, again this year. Mr. Simmons, a mem- From the Memphis Commereial Appes Conside the number of perfect hands that have been dealt in bri games of late, it would seem as if the science or art of de being great- ly improved, i not have traded for the finest plece of French china. i o If the above reminds any reader of any one can learn something about cups, saucers, vases, jugs, even bottles, in which Colonial America so abounded. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Democrats will not be convinced that President Hoover's October speechmak- ing tour is devoid of politics. They are persuaded it was deliberately planned, plotted and programmed for this psychclogical moment—four weeks be- fore the congressional elections. Also, | say the Raskobians, it's passing strange that Mr. Hoover, after months of ab- sence from the speaking platform, should have selected two States—Ohio and Massachusetts—in which bitter contests are raging as the forums for,| his “non-political” addresses. The'| presidential utterances in Cleveland and Boston contain nothing partisan or controversial, but the mere presence of the Chief Executive in the midst of a campaign undoubtedly works a certain advantage to his own party. That's the circumstance which irks the Democrats at this witching hour. From the some quarter emanates ever and anon the taunt that Hoover isn't a good politician. Perhaps that judg- ment ought to be revised, in view of the Democratic growl over the President’s most recent activities. * * Official and diplomatic Washington is wondering whether a certain South American woman, long resident in Washington, is going to organize a fight on Senate confirmation of J. Reuben Clark, jr, of Utah, just appointed to succeed Dwight W. Morrow as Ameri- can Ambassador to Mexico. The d namic senora, who at one time was supposed to be a confidential agent of the lately deposed President Leguia of Peru, raised merry Ned on Capitol Hill when Mr. Clark was appointed Under- secrstary of State two or three years ago. She trled to make the Senate Foreign Relations Committee believe | that Clark, while solicitor of the State Department in the Taft administraticn, had euchred Peru out of its rights in a celebrated Peruvian-American claims case. The iady of Lima probably is in | eclipse at Washington, now that Leguia is shorn of power, but Clark’s friends are waiting to s2e if her ancient grudge is still alive. o b o J. Walter Drake of Detroit, who was one of Herbert Hoover's Assistant Sec- retaries of Commerce several years ago, made an interesting statement before the Pan-American section of the Inter- national Road Congress now in session at Washington. In discussing the rati- fication of a common highway code among the republics of the Americas, Mr. Drake commented on the amusing fact that 21 different countries of the Western Hemisphere had found it pos- sible to agree on points over which the 48 States of the United States are still mulling. He was referring to uniform traffic laws. * K K K One of the behind-the-scenes powers at the road congress is a young Chilean diplomat-journalist, Benjamin Cohen, formerly attached to the ‘Chilean em- bassy in Washington. He's the official interpreter. English, Spanish, French, German and Italian are all at Senor Cohen's fluent command. He's render- ing correspondingly practical service at the parley in the direction of what Roy D. Chapin, president of ths Ameri- can Organizing Commission, calls *‘our sole objective—the creation of high- ways of friendship within and between all nations.” Mr. Chapin may have had Cohen's linguistic talents in mind when the Detroit motor magnate said over the radio on the eve of the inter- national congress: “Our problems are mutual. In this conference we may speak a variety of tongues, but we have | a great universal language—the la guage of the road. * Kk K Herbert Hoover, Jjr., are living in the highest altitu af- forded by the President’s camp the Rap! . They inhabit one of the cabins known as “The Five Tents” which occupy the tallest eminence within the camp reservation. The little houses get that mame from the circumstance that when the President and Mrs. Hoover first went to the Rapidan they lived in Army tents on the site. Picturesque names have and his wife | communicated to now been formally given to the various groups of cabins. The largest one, which Mr. Hoover and the Pirst Lady use, is called “The Brown House.” The big cabin which serves as a general assembly place at the camp is “The Town Hall.” A series of cabins for guests has been dubbed “The Slums.” A small hut, designed for a couple, is henceforward to be known as “The Prime Minister,” in memory of the visit which Ramsay MacDonald and his daughter Ishbel paid to the Rapidan just a year ago this week. The newest cabin at the camp, &rected for the use of “Larry” Richey, the President’s personal secretarial aide, and Capt. Boone, White House M. D, has been christened “The Creel.” Signs are now up designating these various habitats. A Nothing more graphically {illustrates the kaleidoscopic uncertainties of con- gressional politics than the attempts of Peter C. Gerry and Thomas F. Bayard, both Democrats, and, respectively, of Rhode Island and Delaware, to get back to the Senate. Four years ago Gerry was chairman and Bayard was treasurer of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee. Through their joint efforts 1926 was ‘a pretty fruitful senatorial year for their party. Two years later, in 1928, both Gerry and Bayard fell by the wayside when they sought re-election. In 1930 the chair- man of the Democratic senatorial cam- paign is & man whom Gerry and Bayard in 1926 helped to elect—Sena- tor Millard E. ’I‘yglngx :l Maryland. * Some of Secretary Ray Lyman Wil- bur's Interior . Department associates, | commenting on the Kelley shale oll “exposures,” say they're reminded of the deaf man who was listening to a lec- ture on the country's coal resources. “At the present extravagant rate of con- sumption,” the speaker said, “we’ll have no coal left in 50,000,000 years.” The deaf man, who was sitting in the front row with a cocked ear, interrupted to ejaculate: “What's that you sald?” The speaker repeated his statement about coal exhaustion in 50,000,000 years, “Oh, that relieves me," sighed the man with bad hearing, “I thought | g you said 5,000,000.” The point about shale, Interior Department geologists explain, is that as long as petroleum wells, here and elsewhere, gush oil at today's prodigious rate, there's no need worrying about oil extractable from shale at the expensive average of a bar- rel per ton of rock. And then, they add, there's coal, on which the ofl in: dustry has long had its eye, as a pos- sible source of petroliferous supply in the dim and distant future. (Copyright, 1930.) ot Invention to Prevent Collisions Is Claimed A new invention which will auto- matically avert collisions is the claim of Andres Modret, a Russian emigre Miving in Belgrade, Jugoslavia. His device operates by electric impulses the rails by the wheels of the locomotive. If trains on the same track come within three kilometers of each other a warning light shows in the engineer'’s cab on both the trains. If the trains approach to within one kilometer the locomo- tives automatically are braked to a stop. This, at least, is Modret’s claim. The invention is being investigated by the Jugoslav government. Lightening the Political Gloom. From the Butte, Mont., Standard. Democratic _campaign _orators in Chicago are declaring that J. Ham Lewis is no ham and friends of Ruth McCormick insist she is not ruthless. oo Utopian Interest Charges. From the Duluth Herald. In terest on the mort- gage worl on five-day-week eight-hour day and Various ule, ber of the House Committee on Appro- priations, has delved into the affairs of the District of Columbia in the last year or two and has becone a storm center so far as those affairs are con- | Proposed New Cabinet Post Creates State Rights Issue cerned. The consensus of opinion here | seems to be that he will be re-elected. He is a vigorous campaigner, a mem- ber of the American Legion and popu- lar in his district. ol Mrs. Lottie Holman O'Neill, inde- pendent Republican candidat: for the Senate in Illinois, is a good deal more of a person politically and otherwise than the opposition is apparently will- ing to concede. She is in the race for the Senate against the regular Repub- lican nominee, Mrs. Ruth Hanna Mc- Cormick, and Democrat, former Sen- ator J. Hamilton Lewis. She’s a dry— and in a measure she was pitchforked into the senatorial rac: because Mrs. McCormick straddled the wet-and-dry issue, saying that she would vote wet or dry in the Senate according to the outcome of the referendum which is being held in Illinois this November on the prohibition question. Mrs. O'Neill is the first woman ever elected to the Illinois Lower House. She won her seat there in 1922 and has held it ever since. But there is more to Mrs. O'Neill's contest against Mrs. McCormick than the dry issue, although Mrs. O'Neill does not go into the reasons for enter- ing the contest when she is interviewed except to say that her candidacy is a protest against the Republican leader- ship of the State. But a two-year-old fued exists between Mrs. O'Neill and Mrs. McCormick. Mrs. O'Nelll has ac- cused Mrs. McCormick of seeking to block her advancement in the field of politics. If what she says is true, Mrs. McCormick was responsible for her failure to be chosen Republican na- tional committeewoman for Illinois at the Republican National Convention in 1928, in Kansas City, Mrs. McCormick has held that post. The Illinois dele- gation, however, chose Mrs. Bertha Baur, . " * ok K * Mrs. O'Neill believed that her defeat for the place was engineered by Mrs. McCormick, but she restrained her re- sentment _until later. Last January Speaker Shanahan declined to give Mrs. O'Neill the chairmanship of the Committee on_Education, which she was seeking. Right there Mrs. O'Neill blew up, figuratively speaking. She issued a statement accusing Mrs. Mc- Cormick of having again tried to put a spoke in her wheel. Under the seniority rules of the ouse, Mrs. O'Neill insisted she rated this chairmanship. Mrs. O'Neill re- signed her vice presidency in the Illi- nois Republican “Women's Club, an or- ganization tI has been fostered par- ticularly by Mrs. McCormick, and issued a call to the rank and file of the Republican women to join her.in a revolt against the “bossism of Mark Hanna's daughter.- She was offered other committee chairmanships, but replied: “T'll_take no chairmanship. The hand of Ruth Hanna McCormick has balked me at every possible turn, and not only me, but every other woman in the party with leadership possibilities. Her personal ambition for personal power brooks no interference. She has no rsonal feeling against me, but is M-r?}hnm‘s daughter, with his desire to boss. .Mrs. McCormick is | dictating women's appointments by tel- ephone from Washington.” * k Xk X Mrs. McCormick came back at Mrs. O'Nefll with a statement of her own, in which she said: “I find Mrs. O'Netll is misinformed on all the points raised in her interview, except the accusation that I am Mark Hanna's daughter. I have not been familiar with develop- ments_in Illinois State politics since Gov. Emmerson was inaugurated, and obviousiy the statement that I have Deen dictating Iilinols appointments from Washington is incorrect. So far from having interfered with Mrs. O'Neill's efforts to obtain the chair- manship of the Committee on Educa- tion, I did not know she wanted it. I regret that she was not appointed, as I believe she would ably meet the requirements of such a position.” Mrs. O'Neill, however, would not_be mollified, and now she is doing her best to throw a monkey wrench into the political aspirations of the woman ‘whom believes has ht to do the same by her. of the Anti-Saloon League. estimates are made of the num- ber of votes she may poll. In some Recollections of the old fight over a Federal Department of Education are | aroused by the proposal from Repre- sentative Ruth Bryan Owen of Florida that a new cabinet post and a new | Federal department be created to give attention to the interests of homes and | children. Vigorous arguments against | the plan are presented, and many of | those whose comment is h\'o‘rable! look upon the matter as an experiment. ¥ p;ivorlblt treatment is given by the Charlotte Observer, which, after noting that Mrs, Owen believes that the Gov- ernment needs “a department to cor- relate the various agencies that now function in the service of child labor, home economics, infant health and many other services,” continues: “We believe she is right. When we consider that the home and the child, founda- tion stones of government and civiliza- tion itself, are not represented in a council of State, surely we approve such a move. Mothers in this country are not furnished as much information and help as breeders of live stock. Instruc- tion in pre-natal care, child ng, management of the home are more important to women of this country than any amount of Government aid to farmers or manufacturers.” “At least the matter is worth thresh- ing out,” says the Toledo Blade, agree- ing that it “will receive consideration,” and that “anything concerning the American home and its children will have sentimental appeal, but sentiment alone will not save the bill,” for “there is a stoical element in Congress that will have to be convinced of its prac- ticability.” The S8anta Rosa Press Dem- ocrat recalls that “there have been plans and suggestions before for reorganizing and simplifying the different govern- mental departments, but nothing much has ever been done. Mrs. Owen believes her plan,” continues that paper, “will be in line with these proposals. It is worth thinking ‘about and studying further, at | any rate.” * K ok % “Mrs. Owen does not seem to have set the country aflame with her bill,” thinks the Akron Beacon Journal, of- fering the conclusion as to the result that might be expected from such changes: “The idea is prevalent that welfare of both home and child will under influences now on guard. The people would no more think of com- mitting these charges to the guidance of political Washington than would of placing the public schools un- der the dominion of there. cerned, So far as the schools are con- this idea has been resisted cluded that if their own districts are unable to administer school affairs in vain will they look to Federal officials for a better guidance. The change would mean thousands of clumsy and incompetent jobholders, who would be snoopers and inspectors arfd the prob- ers of concerns that do not belong to them. To subject the home and " its children to the same distant regulation would be even more repugnant to the average citizen's sense of right.” “We do need such an agency Or. rather, agencies, but it, or they, should not be a part of the Federal Govern- ment,” declares the Milwaukee Senti- nel, quoting Representative Beck of Pennsylvania as stating that the peo- ple of the United States have come to “lean too much on the Federal Gov- ernment.” The Buffalo Evening News adds that ‘“the cabinet is large now” and offers the judgment: ——— e uarters it is insisted that 150,000 is the highest number she may expect. That might or might not cause Mrs. McCormick to lose the Senate race to Lewis. It has been common parlance that Illinois has a normal Republican ty of 400,000 plus. But in off years this has not been true. For ex- ample, the lata Senator Medill McCor- mick in 1918 beat Lewis only 53,000 votes and in 1926 Frank L. Smith de- feated George Brennan, Democratic boss, by 67,000 votes. there was a third candidate, MCGH&: ith r the Anti-Saloon be best served if permitted to remain they | some bureaucracy | whenever offered. Parents have con- | 1f such in that year | |a service as Mrs. Owen proposes is to | be created, let it be left among the | bureaus. Women are eligible today for any cabinet posts and for the presi- | dency. There is no need to create a special cabinet position for a woman to | * ook ok “Qutside of the comparatively few ‘members of either house who believe in Federal socialism, and who would over- ride every State right in favor of Fed- eral jurisdiction,” in the opinion of the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, “there is | not much sympathy at Washington with proposals to extend Federal activities | farther into the community and the | home. It is realized that the authority of the United States is not , but delegated, and that danger lies in abro- | gating State jurisdiction, in personal | matters and -uhamum.—ni-ed ral juris- diction therefor. Mrs. Owen’s ultimate purpose is praiseworthy. There is no American interest that calls for great- er care than the home and the child. | But there is room for suspicion that well intentioned efforts have already ,fonc pretty far in the direction of | lessening the control of the home over the child. It will child life if the favor it with a good life than is currently in practice, United States is not a group of States created by central government. It is, and to carry on must continue to be, a republic of republics.” ““Mrs. Owen’s proposal will meet with stout_opposition from the same sources that have opposed creation of a Depart- ment of Education and the ori | and continued operation of the Shep= pard-Towner maternity act,” asserts the Dallas Journal, while the St. Paul | Dispatch expresses opposition to a de- | partment which “would undoubtedly | grow in authority, usurping gradually | the prerogatives now reposing in the States and their political subdivisions in the field of education and child wel- fare.” The Lynchburg Advance holds | that Mrs. Owen “would standardize all homes and all children, and make them conform to one pattern, just as the growing of wheat and the planting of cotton and the manufacture of many commodities are being made standard | throughout the length and breadth of the country.” That paper contends that “her idea is false to every tradition of America. r——— A Miniature Idea. From the Atlanta Journal. Shrinking dimensions, as_evidenced | in miniature golf courses, midget radios, and dollar bills, can go no further, we | presume, than the proposal of Congress- | man Celler that the Post Office Depart- | ment sell advertising space on postage | stamps. Such a procedure, the advocate | points out, would produce money to eliminate the postal deficit without rais- ing postage rates on first class mail space on stamp sheets to private | cerns, thereby benefiting national treas- uries. Bavaria and I!bl?’ are said to have oubled the size of their stamps in order to increase the avallable advertising space. | Yet we doubt whether the United States Government will seriously con- | sider the proposal. There is a limit to the patience of people who are sup- posed to read and heed advertising mes- sages, as many indiscriminate bill- board advertisers have discovered. What arresting tidings could be placed upon a postage stamp we do not know. Clever ngravers have recorded long passages of Scripture or literature or poetry upon the heads of pirs, but stamp advertisers would hardly expect the recipients of letters to carry a mag- nifying glass to decipher the stamp's appeal. The novelty of the thing might be mildly amusing for a , t stamps are so plentiful that they could also become, very easily, tiresome, And what would the stamp collectors do? They value their collections from a pictorial standpoint. The images now used on the stamps of almost every ity and a ce