Evening Star Newspaper, September 20, 1930, Page 6

{THE - With WASHINGTON, D. C. TURDAY...September 20, 1830 ‘l‘axo vening Ni C {4 n00 8 358 e g0 Offic TN st 42nd 8t Sidine. pean Office; 14 Regent St.. London, Engiand. EVENING STAR Sunda; Edition. DORE W. NOYES. ...Editor <110, e: Lake Michigan by Carrier Within the City. 45¢ per month #0c per month ine Star (w] undass) ..., . e Evening and Sunday Star e en *65¢ per month The das 5c_per copy | ol junday Star ....0 5 jection made at the end of each month ders may be sent In by mail or ielepncne Ational 5000 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ly and Sunday, iy only . “Sunday only . $12.00: 1 1yr. $8.00: 1 mo. .1yrl, $5.00i 1moll Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitl to the use for republication of all atches credited to it or not othe: ed in this paper and also the published herein. All rights of nu special dispatches herein are al The World Court Delay. It is & long, long trail into the World Court for the United States. When the American Senate rejected the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations Covenant immediately after the World War,, the United States failed %o become a member of the interna- tlonal tribunal provided for by the treaty. But, having remained outside of the League of Nations, there was #till & strong sentiment in this country for adherence to a permanent inter- national court for the adjudication of disputes between the. nations without recourse to war. The late President Harding came forward as a champion of adherence to the court, which has Popularly been termed the World Court. He urged the Senate to ratify a protocol of adherence. Following the death of President. Harding, his successor, Presi- dent Coolidge, took the matter up and ‘eventually the protocol was ratified by the Senate with reservations. That was back in 1926, four years ago. The reservations adopted by the Sen- ate, which were aimed particularly at the issuance by the court of advisory opin- ions requested by the League of Nations, or members thereof, became a stum- Pling block in the way of final adher- ence to the court by this country. Sev- eral of the member nations of the court objected to the reservations, alleging that they gave to the United States certain powers which were not held by other members of the court. An im- passe, apparently, had been reached. In onder to remove the obstacles in the way of American adherence to the ‘court, there was inserted in a proposed revision of the statutes of the World Court, the so-called Root formula. This formula was designed at once to cover the desires of the United States Senate contained in its reservations, and also to remove the objections of the mem- ber nations to the reservations, by making the reservations unnecessary. Elihu Root was a member of a commit- “tee of famous jurists which drew up the “revision of the statutes of the World “Qourt. The protocol providing for the soceptance of the revision of the stat- utes. was signed by representatives of the United States Government along :with other nations. President Hoover, ‘Ahrough his Secretary of State, Mr. Btimson, expressed the approval of the .mdministration for the entry of the United States into the court provided the revised statutes be accepted. The President has been prepared to send the protocol to the Senate for its ap- proval at the opportune time. And now Cuba, it appears, has ob- Jected to the adoption of the revised statutes for the court. Her objection 4s sufficient to prevent adoption, unless it shall be withdrawn. Efforts are now under way at Geneva to straighten out this matter. It is even suggested that acceptance of the revised statutes be permitted at any time within the} next nine years. The objections of the Cuban government do not run, it is sald, to the Root formula, designed to permit adherence of the United States, but to provisions in the revised statutes which would compel the judges of the court to reside in Geneva and to be- come “full-time” judges, and to an increase in the number of the judges. Cuba at present is represented on the ‘ourt by & distinguished jurist, Dr. A. S. Bustamente. It is understood that this judge has a lucrative law practice in Havana and objects to giving it up. Cuba contends that the inclusion in the court statutes of the provision com- pelling residence of all the judges in Geneva would prevent the appointment pf some of the most distinguished and | @ble jurists from countries outside of Europe. The Senate of the United States has been preparing for another struggle | over adherence to the World Court. | Senator Swanson of Virginia, author of | the reservations adopted in 1926, when the Senate adopted a protocol of ad- Sherence, has declared himself satisfied with the Root formula in the revised statutes of the court, It has appeared that more than a sufficient number of | Benators would vote for the new pro- tocol when it was submitted, although the old irreconcilables have made plans to resist it vigorously, The action of Cuba in Geneva now may give them a espite. Certainly it is not likely to goeed the United States to adherence to the World Court. 'The situation is “one that will be regretted by many dmericans. 1t 15 responsibly stated that President $oover will not go fishing on Sunday. All good fish should be grateful for at «Jeast the one day of immuni & ———— ettt This Means War. Gangdom, flouting State and munic- fpal authorities with obvious impunity, impudently challenges the Federal Gov- ernment to war. Two courses are open. "The United States Government can ac- cept the challenge and declare war and fight it to & finish or it can surrender abjectly and admit’ that it is beaten Action taken within the next day or two ought to show which way the wind 1s blowing. Last Tuesday Federal agents raided & brewery in Elizabeth, N. J. The agents pulled the bungs from vats containing 225,000, gallons of beer, fiooding the | | industry have shown that they do not | overhead expense of the campaign, they their search warrants, went through the plant, arresting the employes, and lined up their prisoners in the boiler room. A few minutes later twelve armed gang- armed the agents and shot down in cold blood another agent who, returning from an inspection of the building, entered the room while the rescue was in prog- ress. John G. Fienello, the murdered man, vas killed by eight bullets fired simultaneously from the guns of as many gangsters, He was forty-four years old. He leaves a wife and two young children. ‘The gangsters who control the beer | intend to be stopped by interference | from the Federal Government. Not content with civil war among them- selves, nor with defensive strategy that makes use of hush money and corrup- tion and trivial fines s the ordinary have launched a bold offensive with powder and bullets, retiring as victors from the field of battle, No incident in recent years so sharply draws the issue between government and anarchy. No government that is worthy of the name can afford o ignore such a challenge, or to let the matter slide. Let the endless debates between | the advocates and the foes of moral experiments proceed, and let the people register their wishes at the polls. But clean out these rats of gangsters who flaunt their power by murder and thuggery! Who is going to emerge victor from this war that has been declared in New Jersey? ot Outside Work for Service Men. An order, just issued by the District Commissioners, forbidding policemen and firemen to do any work for com- pensation outside of their regular duties is based primarily upon economic grounds relating to the immediate situ- ation as to unemployment in the Dis- trict. It has, however, other considera- tions. It is in part inspired by the belief that the members of the Police and Fire Departments should not dimin- ish their energy or distract their at- tention from their oficial duties and 50 lessen their efficiency. At the last session of Congress an act was passed revising the pay scale of the two departments of the District government. While the scale was not placed as high as the policemen and firemen desired, it was nevertheless put at a point which yields a very satis- factory compensation. Under that scale t is possible for the members of the two departments to maintain themselves adequately, without recourse to extra compensation by the doing of various kinds of work outside of their official duties. It is not, of course, desirable that any public service employes should be absolutely barred from engaging In enterprises or work that will assist them in “making a living,” if such out- side employment does not constitute an injustick to others not on official pay rolls Wio aredependent upon pri- vate employment for a livelihood. When jobs are at a premium, as in the present economic situation when an unusual number of men are out of work, for members of the Police afd Fire De- partments to engage in outside occu- pations is virtually to maintajn, g, sub- sidized competitive working force, which is not fair. In normal economic conditions, when artisans and unskilled workers are in demand, with a surplus of jobs rather than a surplus of labor, engagement by the policemen and firemen in outside occupations will be permissible without encroachment upon the rights of the unofficial members of the community, but even so consideration is always to be given to the question of whether engagement in outside work lessens the efficiency. Probably the most satisfac- tory way in such conditions would be to require that permission be obtained before the acceptance of any occupa- tion or task outside of official duties. It is to be doubted whether any man would decline to enroll himself in one of these two departments on such terms if opportunity offered. — e Serves Lisbon Right. Word comes from Lisbon that a war on alley cats has left the city open to the invasion of hordes of rats. Friends of honest Tom will feel inclined to say, “Serves 'em right!” The dog and the cat remain man’s best friends among the animals. The character of each tribe is different enough to be interesting. The service of the cat to man against the rodents has been universally recognized as of great importance. Now the Portuguese city is learning its lesson. There are enough noxious creatures, especially among the insects, to demand all of man's attention. The small ani- mals known as domestic cats ask noth- ing better than to be left alone. Even the roamers, without homes, will do little if any damage or harm, and their activities help tremendously in keeping down the rats and mice. Man should let the cats alone, and wage War against mosquitoes, fleas, roaches, ants, flies, - These arch no friendly backs, at the approach of his hand, nor do they purr their apprecia- tion, —— e It has apparently remained for Hitler to introduce the idea of high power salesmanship into German politics. ——————— Airplanes and Public Waters. A ruling with many complex angles has just been handed down by the New Jersey ‘State Board of Commerce and Navigation. It prohibits the use of cea- planes on New Jersey inland waters and presents an entirely new picture of what the growfl of flying has meant to Summer colonies on the many beautiful lakes and rivers in the State. In refus- ing an application of a commercial air- plane service to operate a five-passenger seaplane between Lake Hopatcong and |New York the board ruled that “air- | cratt fiying from the water constitute | & menace to surface navigation and will sters descended to the boller room, dis- |is THE in this case, to allow a section of a Iake to be converted into a private “field” for the use of a commercial concern. The only drastic phase of the ruling that it includes all inland bodies of water, regardless of their size. On a small lake, with the shores dotted with cottages, no planes of any description should be permitted. The wake kicked up by a speeding seaplane would almost surely capsize a canoe or a small boat and the danger to the cottagers or those lving in hotels, should a pilot miscalculate in “setting down” or tak- ing off his ship in a small space, would be acute. On larger bodies of water, however, these disadvantages should be obviated, and there appears to be no logic in re- fusing to permit commercial services from these points. On every large lake or river will be found thoroughly nav- igable portions which are not used to any extent by residents, and it would seem that utilization of these sections by planes would cause a minimum of interference with other trafic. Of course, swimmers and boatmen have no monopoly on any body of water, but safety is the chief factor to be con- sidered and they should be protected. It would appear, therefore, that the board could well revise its ruling to in- clude only waters of a specified area. The size of a lake or river necessary for safe operation of aircraft in con- Jjunction with other users of the water could be determined by an investigat- ing commission. If this is done, it is likely that the ruling would be re- versed in regard to Lake Hopatcong, which is more than eight and.one-half miles long and three and one-half miles wide—certainly an adequate area for seaplanes, bathers and boatmen to share with comfort and safety to all. ———— “Bowed in grief” is a phrase applied to Sir Thomas Lipton, who has been dependent on the competence and good faith of subordinates in the culminating adventure in his career as a yachtsman. Perhaps Sir Thomas was in his trustful kindliness a little negligent about call- ing in the right kind of “business doc- tor” and checking up in the matter of efficiency. —————— A few authors arrive at the cherished distinction of being everybody's favorite. Booth Tarkington, thanks to scientific skill, has evaded the threat of blind- ness. And everybody, whether a book- worm in the library or an attendant at the theater, rejoices at the prospect of continuing so valued a usefulness. —————r—t—— Facetious comment on U. 8. politics ie limited to American humor. Only Americans retain the lightheartedness that permits regarding politics as funny. Musicians object to “canned music.” So far as original production goes, even the canneries are entitled to join the farmer in protesting that the current crop is a failure. ——— If the straw hat manufacturers could have foreseen this September climate they might have asserted themselves as a most prosperous branch of industry, N Loss of & yacht race will appear to many & hard-hit farmer as, com tively speaking, nothing- to worry about. it o SHOOTING' STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Advancing Year. Old Year traveling through the sky, Much too wet or much too dry; Dancing through the blooming May, Dozing on a Summer day, Till & drought kills happiness As you battle with distress. Recklessly you moved along With the careless dance and song, ‘Till maturity drew near ‘To discourage reckless cheer. And the snows will soon descend Like & venerable friend; You'll regret the follies past, Secking to reform at last. A Haunting Thought. “Have you ever thought of retiring from politics?” “I think of it,” answered Senator Borghum, “before every election and al- ways with the gravest apprehension.” Jud Tunkins says he worked hard marking his ballot, even if he did feel like he was putting in considerable time trying to get jobs for people he isn't even acquainted with, Cordial Invitation. Sir Thomas Lipton says he'll give ‘The game of racing yachts a rest. 8ir Tom! Come over here to live And simply be an honored guest! Struggle for Prestige. “You have helped to make Crimson Guich one of the famous towns of the country.” “Yes,” answered Cactus Joe. “The little old village used to have a bril- liant record for gunmen. But it has| kind o' dropped behind. We are doin’ our best, but I don't believe the Guich will ever catch up with Chicago.” “We play for money,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “and hope tq win | for no better reason than the hope of being able to continue in the game.” Willing Workers in Line, The officeholder is no doubt A worried and weary elf; Yet some one tries to pull him out And do the worrying himself, “When a man keeps talkin’ ‘bout | bein’ his own boss,”* said Untle Eben, | ‘the’s most generally lookin’ foh de | chance to treat hisself to a perpetual | holiday.” e g Count Stands—Right or Wron, From the Oklshoma Oity Daily Oklahoma It seems that the law of Oklahoma is that when votse are counted they must stay counted ‘the way they were first counted whether they were count- ed right or counted wrong. ———— ® That's Enough. | not be permitted to land on any New Jersey inland waters.” This ruling, which at first glance seems drastic in the extreme, is perhaps not so drastic after all, although it does appear to cover entirely too much ter- ritory. In the first place, it relates only to the setting up of a commercial service. It does not, and probably ran- not, interfere with private owners of streets. Thugs in the beer racket dis- armed a Federal agent left to guard the plant. Yesterday Federal. agents raided the Rising Sun Brewery in the same city, were admitted after sbowing seaplanes. In the second place, it is ' patently designed to protect users of the water, for either swimming oy boat- ing, from the menase of fast landing planes, and in the third, it refuses, 88 From the Detroit News. In certain cases you don’t have to know much more about a judge than that he wisecracks at the expense of a | helpless defendant. B How Times Have Changed! From the Boston Transcript. Watertown reminds us that in this age of mass production high school stu- | dents strike instead of playing “hookey.” | ——oo—e— He Stays Recalled. From the Oklahoma City Delly Oklahoman. Detroit voters may have their faults, but when they & mayor he stays recalloth i EVENING STAR, WASHINGTO! | principle of D. C, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1930. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ‘There is much to be said for the over- grown garden, where rose vines run riot over the fences and shrubs and flowers cram every corner. Neatness has its place, but Nature knows little of it. Nature is not nice. The fastidious and the dainty are introduced into gardens by gardeners. Nature will “take the place” if given half a chance. Unless one cuts back vines ruth- lessly, trims here and there, even pulls out by the roots, flowers will take every nook and cranny. * Kk * A stuffed garden has this that it has plenty of life. Ordinarily, the gardener does not stop to realize that life is, after all, the basis of the garden. He thinks in terms of activity, when he should have regard only to life. ’ Ordered life—that is the home gar- len. The question is, Does not the aver- nge_garden contain too much order? Those neat-edged walks, those pre- cise borders, those metriculously spaced shrubs, those trimmed rosebushes— would not all these look better, and actually be better, if they were left more to themselves? advantage, The answer to that question must | come from the mind of each home- owner. Artistic neatness and artistic disorder both have their places, espe- clally in gardens. Even those who praise order, however, will be willing to admit that Nature can end a growing season better than man. If left to her own devices, without undue interference, Nature will drape morning-glory vines around a yard in a way which would be the despair of the professional flower arranger. Man may do very well with a vase of flowers, but when it comes to an entire back yard Nature still can show him something. ® * X X Consider those morning-glories now | twining over far-flung rose vines, up the altheas, the sides of garages, into the lilacs. September knows no finer sight. ‘These plants of the genus Ipomoea, as one sees them today in American gardens, are mostly the so-called Jap- anese varieties. The Japanese showed their original artistic sense by cultivating this hum- ble, beautiful flower and bringing it to a new state of glory. There are three or four good points to it. One is that it is at its best at this time of the year. Most vines are late, both in growth | and flowering, but the members of this genus excel most of the others in late- | ness. ‘Then the morning-glory leaves are & peculiarly lovely green. The eye sen- sitive to variations is especially pleased | with the morning-glory. Although its foliage is distinctive, it is a good mixer; | twining among other vines, even, it does not stand out so much through differ- ence as by reason of sheer beauty. Again, the flowers of the morning- glory, being in their prime morning, when most human beings are at their best, somehow make a par- in the | ticular appeal to us. It is to be re- gretted that more gardens do not pos- sess that privacy which every garden should have, if for no other reason than to permit the gardener to visit his flowers in bathrobe and slippers. Sauntering around in undress, one would be at peace with the world, able | to admire the beauty of flowers which one is likely to sneer at on dress-up oc- | casions. But here the Japanese may teach Americans a good lesson. They have a legend to the effect that one of | the original workers with the morning- | glory had such beautiful gardens that the Emperor heard of them and an- hm;nced his intention to make them a visit. ‘When he got there, what was his rage to find every vine uprooted, with noth- |ing left but bare paths and neatly | graveled beds! With rage in his eyes he strode into the house, but his ire turned to admiration, even veneration, the tale goes, when he saw. reposing in a bagl, a single morning-glory blossom. * Kk Mgticulous gardeners may try letting their gardens go from now on, Nature’s | hands are gently ruthless. She brings the frost in due season, but not until the flowers are tired. | - The roses are sending out new shoots, | but the work of flowering is over. The {leaves of the trees have done their sol- emn duty in the vast nature of things. Even the grass is on the verge of turn- ing brownish. ‘op much clipping, and shearing, and trimming, from now on, will give any place, and especially the small one, a bare look. . It is well to remember that, although the flowers die, the garden goes on. | Although one may spend little time in |it, the” chrysanthemums have .yet to | flower. The cosmos has to appear. | Other things are in prospect. But be- hind these, even, stands the spectacle of | the Winter, with snow upon the ground, | covering bushes, vines, fences, garages. The more there is to cover the prettier | the yard will be. For this reason, if for no other, a garden well may be permitted to go into the Winter in a rather unkempt state. Even withered zinnia plants, and other annuals, take on something of beauty when covered with the mantle of the snow. * ok ok ‘The great gain from letting the gar- den go comes from the profusion with which Nature does_things. Look at those morning-glory vines! ‘They are everywhere, even running up the lamp-post and the telephone pole, giving a touch of the exotic to otherwise ugly necessities. ‘The petunias, too, flower until the last gun of Summer. And all of them are throwing down seed to sprout and grow and blossom again next year. Such is the immor- tality of the flowers. Yes, the untidy garden has a great deal to be sald in its favor. The truth is that even the most foraal gardens will gain from the natural brand of untidiness which blossoms in profusion. Plenty is the sign of peace, for pro- fusion comes, to man, beasts or plants, only when life is let alone. Man, advo- cate of freedom in the universe, may | be true to himself by advocating a free- growing garden. Picturesque Personalities Are Features of Primaries Conspicuous in the recent primary results shown by various States are the changes brought about within the Dem- ocratic party in South Carolina and Louisiana. The defeat of Senatot Blease in South Carolina after a long career in public life and the success of Gov. Long of Louisiana in his campaign for the United States Senate have been noted with interest by the whole coun- try. The two men. are rated as posses- sors of pleturesque personalities, and it 1s regarded as a coincidence that as one leaves the Senate the other arrives as a candidate of the dominant party in his State. Results in the two States are described by the Houston Post-Dispatch as “out- standing results of Democratic primaries in the South.” In explanation, the Houston paper continues: “Long, twice threatened with impeachment, defeated the veteran Joseph E. Ransdell for the Louisiana Democratic senatorial nom- ination in one of the bitterest political battles ever waged in his State. Blease, for 40 years a prominent figure in South Carolina politics, was defeated for the Democratic senatorial nomination by former Representative James F. Byrnes, his unsuccessful adversary six years ago. Neither result was unexpected. While Blease led Byrnes in the ‘first primary’ several weeks ago he fell far short of a majority and it was regarded as certain | that Byrnes would get the larger part of the vote cast for the third candidate. Long, in spite of his troubles, was known to have a great popular following. | The real surprise in his race is the large | vote cast for him in the city of New | Orleans.” “Blease will not be missed, thanks to Louisiana,” remarks the Roanoke Times (independent Democratic). “Huey will fill the flery South Caro- linian's shoes and his behavior doubtless will conjure up visions of the departed fire-eaters of other days. Huey's backers in Louisiana are already talk- ing about running him for Presiden: in 1932. That only goes to show that in Louisiana _they have very little con- ception of what a President of the United States is like.” * ¥ X X “Anyway, after March 4, next,” ad- vises the San Francisco Chronicle (independent), “Huey is ours, whether we want him or not. He'll be making laws for us, so we might as well pre- pare to enjoy the show.” The Chronicle observes that Gov. Long’s administra- tion in Louisiana ‘“appears to have rocked the boat like a lot of tidal waves.” Taking note of Gov. Long's state- ment, “You can't beat Huey P. Long in the city or State in anything” the Kansas City Times (independent) re- lies: “The world should be grateful or this reminder, which is all too true. The people of Louisiana will need to remember the situation in the future, s0 that when the Governor, or Senator, asks for anything, it can be granted without even the futile gesture of a protest.” ‘“Louisiana is very likely canceling the good work South Carolina did for the Senate and the country in defeal- ing Blease,” concludes the Chattanooga Times® (independent Democratic). The Little Rock Arkansas Democrat sug- gests that “to the outsider these two primaries simply mean that the voters have practiced the mathematical ‘putting down one and carrying one’ " and that paper adds: “Cole Blease needs no introduction. His performances in the United States Senate have been equaled only by the Hon. Thomas Heflin.” The exchange of two similar personalities in the Sen- ate is emphasized also by the Richmond News Leader (independent Democratic). KLk K “Louisiana_discharged from its serv- ice in the United States Senate,” de- clares the Fort Worth Star-Telegram (independent Democratic), “a man who has distinguished himself for his de- votion and intelligent service to the interests of Louisiana and the South. Senator Ransdell, 31 in Congress, was accepted as the spokesman of the cotton growers of the country. In this respect he acted as the tutor to Texas own Senator Connally.” Praise for the ability and services of the defeated Louisiana Senator comes also from the New Orleans Times- Picayune (independent Democratic), the Terre Maute Star (independent Repub- lican), Pittsburgh Post-Gazette the independen and _ the e pendat Bepubicas), Tha Des Mointes Tribune-Capital (independ- ent Republican) describes Senator Rans- | dell as “a high-tariff Democrat,” but | thinks that “probably Long would not have been nominated had it not been for the same policy.” The Houston Chron- icle remarks that “one of the high priests in the temple of protection has fallen,” although it feels that “the up set was unexpected,” while concedin that “political observers were prepared | for o chance of his defeat at the | hands of a younger and more ener- getic candidate.” |~ “Gov.-Long is a headline maker of parts” declares the Omaha World- Herald (independent), with the con- clusion, “Well, he's going to buck a hard game in the Senate.” Referring to the two States, the Birmingham | News (Democratic) advises that “it | seems the bad must come with the | good,” while -the Baltimore Sun (in- | dependent Democratic) finds it “diffi- cult to reconcile such prospective rep- resentation with the prevailing picture of Louisiana,” but the Shreveport Jour- nal (Democratic) “bows to the will of the voters.” | In explanation of the result the | Meridian Mississippi Star (independent) | says: “Lousiana voters are exchanging | the veteran Senator for the youthful, | energetic, keen and clever Gov. Long. {Long is & human dynamo—perpetual motion personified. The Governor is loved and hated, worshiped and de- spised in turn. His enemies accuse him | of all sorts of political ‘high crimes and | misdemeanors’; his friends defend him as the apostle of Louisiana progress and picture him as & modern govern- | mental Moses.” “Possibly the estimate of Mr. Long has been distorted by unfriendly propa- ganda,” concedes the Chattanooga News (independent Democratic), and the Louisville Courler-Journal (inde- pendent) suspects that “there must be something wrong in Louisiana beneath the surface, an alloy in the metal of the anti-Long organization that doesn’t ring true.” The Raleigh News and Ob- server (Democrati-) finds various con- tributory reasons for the defeat of Senator Ransdell, including “an evi- dent desire among the younger voters for young men in office,” “a rebuke to Senator Ransdell for voting with the Republicans for the Hawley-Smoot high-tariff measure,” “a rebuke of his vote for Judge Parker” and the fact that Long's opponents “overplayed their opposition.” o British Guidebooks Warn of Places From the New York Sun. A serles of guidebooks published in | London devotes considerable space to iuuliunmg the traveler on scenes and | sights to be avoided In certain old Eng- |lish towns. The most recent volume, |on Oxford, scandalously exposes the | university 'town’s unsightly spots; it pictures not merely the beauteous coun- | tryside, but slums and landscapes dec- orated with billboards and shacks. Doubtless there is something to be |said in favor of ‘such a campaign | against civic neglect; to accomplish re- | forms in the sloppy neighborhoods, the | purging process frequently must be un- | sparing. Yet guidebooks in this de- nunciatory manner might spoil a tour- ist’s journey. Are not such books, after all, reflections and echoes of that school in modern literature which purveys the odorous dregs of life and prefers the fumes of sewage to mignonette? A guidebook done perfectly in the negative style would contain, not an ecstatic art lover’s impressions of tem- ples and cathedrals, but descriptions of siaughter houses and shanties. It would star the tumble-down dwellings of the mistresses of kings, but overlook the palaces. Its pages.would be enlivened not with apt lines from Browning and Thackeray, but with accounts of un- savory episodes in a town's history. It would display with relish the crime rec- ord of each city and cite every dréddful visitation of plague. To replace the conventional catalogue of art treasures, this guidebook would urge side trips to burning refuse heaps. It would under- score those meaner hostelries where the author had sickened from inedible meals, and recite in detail each petty inconvenience met by travelers. And who would be better equipped to com- ple such a Rabelaisian guidebook than one of those misanthropic travelers, oc- casionally met, who find cause for fl‘mm"‘ hout the most delight- of tours, and who, indeed, would be miserable even in Paradise, | THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover Few books of a biographical nature, even though they be professed accounts of adventure, are so fyl of dramatic anecdotes which often pass the bounds of probability as “The Story of San Michele,” by Axel Munthe. The author, a Swede, the youngest man ever to re- ceive the M. D. degree in France, a student with Charcot at the Salpetriere, became a fashionable nerve specialist in Paris and later in Rome. He found a refuge from neurotic patients and Jealous colleagues and other ills of life, including insomnia, at Anacapri, high up on the Island gf Capri, reached by 717 steps, supposed to have been built by Tiberius. He purchased from Mastro Vincenzo his little house and garden on the site of a villa of Tiberius, then a ruined chapel farther up the mountain side, finally the whole moun- tain, which he made into a bird sanctu- ary. He named his home San Michele from the ruined chapel, and after many Summers of work, with the Anacapri Reulnu working under his direction, e transformed the whole into a maze of loggias, colonnades, cypress avenues and gardens, with a Greek theater and an antique sphinx looking from the parapet by the chapel out over the sea. The building was done without archi- tect or proper drawing. Dr. Munthe sketched roughly his ideas with- char- coal on a whitewashed wall and Mastro Nicola, his head worker, who had an inherited genius for building columns, carried out the ideas. Much of the building material was “roba di Tim- berio,” valuable stone and marble dug from the Roman ruins below the garden of Mastro Vincenzo. But “The Story of San Michele” is not entirely or even chiefly devoted to the account of the building_of this remarkable mountain home. Tt is chapters or fragments of the varied and tense life of Dr. Munthe, as physician, traveler, animal lover, philanthropist—though he would prob- ably not like the use of that last term, for he represents himself as something of a misanthrope. * K K K One of the most ironic and gruesome episodes in “The Story of San Michele” is that of an occasion when Dr. Munthe agreed to accompany a Swedish boy dying of consumption from San Remo to his home in Sweden. The boy died at Heldelberg and the doctor, in order to save the family expense, embalmed the body himself. “The next day, about to leave, he found that the German law required corpses to be accompanied and faced the necessity of making the long Jjournéy in the van. At the last mo- ment he encountered a professional “Leichenbegleiter” named ~Zaccharias Schweinfuss, who was accompanying the corpse of a Russian general to Nijni-Novgorod and agreed oot take charge of the Swedish boy's coffin. At Stockholm the doctor was informed by a colleague, the family doctor of the deceased boy, that the mother wished to have the coffin opened. “Of course, I would never have embalmed the body myself,” says Dr. Munthe, “had such a possibility ever entered my head. I knew T had meant well, but done badly, that in all probability the opening of the coffin would reveal a terrible sight, My first thought was to bolt and take | the night train for Paris. My second thought was to stay where I was and play the game. There was no time to lose. * * * Shortly after midnight I de- scended to the vault under the church accompanied by the custodian of the cemetery and & workman who was to open the two coffins. When the lid of the inner lead coffin was unsoldered the two men stood back in silent reverence before the awe of death. I took the lantern from the cus- todian and uncovered the face. The lantern fell on the floor, I reeled back as if struck by an invisible hand.” The body in the coffin was that ef the Rus- sian general; the body of the Swedish boy had gone on into the heart of Rus- sia. “I called on Prof. Bruzelius in the early morning. I told him that the sight I h seen in the ht would haunt the r mother for life, that he must at all costs prevent the opening f the coffin.”” The next day at the fu- neral the clergyman saild that “it was at least a comfort to those who stqod mourning around his premature grave that he had come back to rest among his own people in the land of his birth.” * ok ok K ‘The episode of the monkey Billy, one of the miscellaneous family at San Michele, composed of the doctor himself, numerous Anacapri peasant workers, cats, dogs, tortoises, an owl, a mongoose, birds, and monkeys, is more cheerful, though it also has to do with a funeral. During an absence of the doctor from the island, Don Giacinto, richest and most greedy man in Capri, had died and his body was placed in a magnificent coffin on an equally magnificent cata- falque and left to lie in state in the cathedral of San Costanzo. During the night some vandal broke into the cathe- dral and had knocked dewn the burning candelabra and set fire to the coffin. Public opinion was divided in theory as to the cause. “Some people said it was il Demonio who had knocked down the wax candelabra by the catafalque to set Don Giacinto on fire. Others said that it had been done by a band of brigands who had come to steal the silver statue of San Costanzo. Meanwhile, the Sin- daco and the municipal councillors had sent to Sorrento for the carbinieri and were beginning an investigation. The people of Anacapri were frankly delight- ed, for the feud between the Capresi and the Anacapresi was centuries old, and were already preparing a celebration with a holiday, Sunday clothes, fire- works, and & band. Other damage had been done in Capri, probably by the same vandal” The famous exhibition painting of Prof. Raffaele Parmigiano, ‘Tiberio Swimming in the Blue Grotto,” had been splashed all over with daubs of ultramarine and other canvases had been torn from their frames. When the doctor arrived at the pergola occupled by Billy, where that very human mon- key was engaged in teasing a tortoise, he noticed that. Billy's fingernails were bril- liantly colored with ultramarine and that his tall was scorched. Before at- tacking the problem of justice and ad- justment ahead of him, he indulged in the ironic comment: “Billy, I rather liked your retouches to ‘Tiberio Swim- ming in the Blue Grotto,” I thought it an improvement on the original. It re- minded me of & picture I saw last year in the Salon of the Puturists im Paris.” ook ok Lieut, Col. Arthur Osburn, in his book, “Must England Lose India?" his own question by the state- “The writer looks forward to a time when the United States of India Wwill dwell contented within the orbit of the British Commonwealth.” Col, Os- burn's book is constructive; he makes suggestions which at least sound prac- tical. He believes that one great cause of bitterness in India is the arrogance and conviction of superiority of the British ruling class there, and sug- gests that such terms as “nigger” and “seditious swine” should bring punish- ment on their users and that striking an Indian should be punished as se- verely as striking a soldier in the army. )Yj;ul)xrrs{cs xd‘l'clt?’rfiknowlrdge of Indian y and religions. on th British officials, o oo Rumania has not been as fully analyzed and pamphleted in regard to her part in the World War as some of the other nations. Her part was not as important a one. Yet her people felt the war and had their experiences. Some of these are related in “A Rou- manian Diary,” by Hans Carossa, trans- lated from the German by Agnes Nelll Scott. The author is a German med- ical officer, or purports to be, whose regiment was stationed on the Ru- manian front. The entries are divided between experiences with the men of his own regiment and observations of the life and sufferings of the Rumanian peasants, * ok ok % Frontiers have disappeared. To find one in North America one now has to g0 ug to Hudson Bay. The influence of the frontier upon generations of Americans and the result of the disap- pearance of the frontier ase shudied. i “When the West Is Gone,” b&\:‘nfl- ma. University, eric L. Paxson, who delivered terial as lectures at Brown 3 ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. This newspaper puts at your disposal A corps of trained researchers in Wash- ington who will answer questions for you. They have access to the Govern- ment departments, the libraries, seums, galleries and public bulldings and to the numerous associations which maintain headquarters in the Nation's Capital. If they can be of assistance to you, write your question plainly and send, with 2 cents, in coin or stamps, to The Evening Star Information Bu- reau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Q Is Zona Gi playwright, married?—G. F. A. Zona Gale in private life is the stocking manufacturer, Q. On what grounds are most of the Reno divorces granted?—J. G. V A. Last year, of 2,071 divorces granted in Reno 1,286 were for mental cruelty. 388 for desertion, 376 for non-support. 284 for insanity, 54 for adultery, 24 for drunkepness, 3 for felony conviction and 1 for &pckncy. Q. What is the name of the water- fail port of the 1896 and 1897?—H. R. C. . The Pan-American Union says that the waterfall is Atehuasillas. This waterfall is iocated in the Province of Ahuachapan. Q. showers?—+N. M. A. Great showers occurred in 1833, 1866, 1898 and 1900. The most impres- sive was the star shower on November 12, 1833, which lasted five or six hours and was seen everywhere in the United States, Q. What was the occasion upon which his army off the famous Pali, near Honolulu?—R. F. A. A. After King Kamehameha had gained control of his own island, Hawail, he was eager to rule the whole group. He first conquered the Island of Mau, then Molokai, after which he sailed for | Oahu, landing at Waikiki, in February, 1795. The Oahu soldiers were posted in Nuuanu Valley, and here the great| battle was fought. The enemy, or Oahu men, were driven over the Pall, not Kamehameha’s men. Kauai and Nithau were later ceded to him, and| in this way he brought all the islands under his guidante or rule. Q. How did Capt. Sir George Hubert Wilkins gain his knighthood?>—W. T. K. A. Capt. Wilkins was born in Aus- tralia. He has been engaged in Arctic exploration for many years. In April, 1928, he flew from Alaska to Spitz- bergen, and for this feat was knighted by King George V of England. Q. To what country does Fiume be- | long?—M. S. A. The town of Fiume belongs to Italy. 1t was reincorporated with that country after a series of arrangements conducted at Rome between Italy and Jugoslavia, January 27, 1924. Q. What is a glyptothek?—S, W. A. The term B‘lpphzd to a building ture. The most famous museum to bear this name is in Munich. There is another in Copenhagen. i Q. What is the meaning of the word “robot?"—J. E. K. A. It is a Czechish word which man doing heavy manual labo: 'he word came into use in “R. U. R., tan, that electrified catacomb, does it not make. one inclined to sleep? Have you never noticed the multitude of people sweetly slumbering in the subway? If their re- pose ever was enjoyed at the proper time—that is to say, at night—it is hard to believe that Morpheus (the god of sleep) would so descend upon the subterranean carriages, and suspend his wand over so many docile subjects of his kingdom. He seems from all these passengers to exact the same obedience to his will as he does upon the rest of us, usually awake in the daytime, when he hovers over our couches in the nocturnal hours. But these afternoon slumberers—perhaps this siesta is all the sleep they get. Often these unfortunates are carried past, in their unconscious state, the depot at which they wished to descend; a compensating fortune, by the way, in the little promenade and pedestrian exercise thus imposed, which, we hope, aids in reducing corpulence acquired in these locomoting dormitories of the Metropolitan. I E MATIN, Paris.—The Metropoli- * * Not Members of Union When Obligations Were Forfeited. North China Herald, Shanghai (Let- ter to Editor).—“Referring to the ar- ticle in a recent issue with regard to the default by some American States of certain of their obligations, might it not be fair to state in that con- nection that the obligations by default by these American States were in- curred by them when they as mem- bers of the Confederacy were attempt- ing to break away from the Union? In other words, these States were not members of the United States whel the default took place. Furthermore, the purchasers of these bonds, princi- pally British, knew full well that they were backing a rebellion and financially supporting an attempt to break up the American Union. In other words, Great Britain, during the Civil War, | | |o | backed the wron; | just as well ask the Nanking govern- | ment to assume responsibility for ob- | ligation incurred by the Northern army in its revolt against Nanking. I am, ete., FAIR PLAY.” ok ok * Music Held Least Disagreeable Noise. The Weekly Scotsman, Edinburgh.— Dr. Samuel Johnson, the famous le cographer, once epi ammatically re- marked, “Of all noises I consider music the least disagreeable.” True; fortunate it is, with the simultaneous I but_seldom identical radio concerts, to be heard from open Windows on every hand with the coming of Summer, that rhapsodies and nocturnes are not as | strident as riveting. | * ok kX | Teachers, Not - | Children, Indisposed. " El Mercurio, Santiago—TIt is & re- markable paradox of scholastic phe- nomena in Santiago that while " the children and older pupils attending our ublic educational institutions are rare- [l or absent from their classes be- cause of the weather or other disturbing conditions, the teachers and masters are frequently indisposed, and in many | instances f the Southern Confederacy, but they g horse! kept away by this identical inclemency of the weather and by other circumstances. Particularly is this true of the Winter season just com- mencing. Instructors are absent from their classes, and upon their return to their duties plead & cold, headache or some other trivial malady which does not seem to justify their dereliction. Hereafter when s teacher is absent he or she will have to submit a state- ment from a medical practitioner stat- ing in definite and scientific terms jusf what was the matter. The ministry of education proposes to keep & com- plete file of all these Teports, with a view of determining what are the ill- nesses to which teachers are most susceptible. Then, later on, when new teachers are to be employed none will be considered for the posts whom a physical examination shows to be dis- posed to allments likely to interfere with ] The heir tasks. teachers in the primaxy grades v mu- | ale, the author and D. | wife of Willlam L. Breese, a Wisconsin & trayed on the 24-centavos stamp | Republic of Salvador issues of | In what years of the nineteenth | century were there important meteoric | King Kamehameha of Hawaii marched | or Toom for the preservation of sculp- | means literally a very hard-working did her best to advance the interests | You mlghtl and | lmny be, by a Czechish writer, Capek, and was | applied to a mechanical man. ‘ Q. How long have people in England had surnames?—W. H. I, A. It is believed that surnames came to be adopted in England about the | year 1000 A.D., coming mainly from |Normandy. ~ After Henry II, in 1160, had enfranchised the land, hereditary names became common and were used |more generally. Surnames were legal- b2 recognized in Eggllnd by the statute Additions passed during the !Henry | Thiaty g e Q. Fow many public school buildings are there in the State of New York?— ‘A. There are 12,101 public element |and’ high ‘school buildings. ‘There are 2,058,716 students in public elementary | and high schools in New York. I — | Q. What is the proper metronome mark fi:; nu‘l:vrddmg march, and is it proper e one or tw bar?—A. T. C. Y A. According to the Lohengrin bridal march and other standard wi marches, the proper metronome quarter notes. In a processional, step is taken to a bar of music. Q. What actress sang the son | Like to Be a Monkey in the Zoo "A.” Frances White, member of the vaudeville team of Rock and White. Q. How many States are getting a re- | duction on freight in live stock feed?— A. The Department of Agriculture has certified 703 countles in 19 States as beneficaries of the freight rate re- ductions on live stock feed. Q. Can a person to whom a check is given have it certified>—B. V. S. A. A check may be certified &t the | request of the holder as at the request of the drawer. | Q What was the date of the battle | of Lake Champlain?—T. H. B. A. The naval engagement on Lake ]Cshln‘mplnl.n was fought September 11, Q. What countries are the greatest platinum producers?—8. P. A. Russia ranks first. Colombia, followed by Canada. African mines sre producing a little of the metal. Q. At what age did Mozart start writing music?—N. M. A. This gifted musician composed pieces of merit before attaining the.age of 5. His first symphony was composed at the age of 8, his first opera at 12, and before he was 20 he was acknowls edged to bs one of the greatest mu- sicians of his time, Mozart died in his thirty-sixth year, and had completed some 600 compositions up to that time. Q How much salt is used in the United States in a year?—S. O. 8. ‘A, The value of salt sold or used in 1928 was $26,772,568. The total amount sold was 8,074,700 ghort tons. Q. Can & mirage be photographed?— ™8 A. 1t is possible and has been done | several times. Q. Which mint was the first to be used in the United States?—A. J. M. A. The mint at Philadelphia was the first to be established. Coinage of Gov- ernment _coins began there in 1783, Prior to that time, Spanish coins, Brit- ish coins, colonial and foreign coins were used. Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands seem to be those most affected, and while this delicate health, or even & high rate of mortality, among the peda- | gogues is not objectionable to the chil- | dren, who in many instances are thus freed temporarily from their lessons, the ministry of education is averse to retaining in its employ tutors who function more or less intermittently, and have advised all concerned to effect In a circular letter signed by the minister, Senor Navarrete. Here- |after, as we have intimated, hygieni¢ as well as cultural attainments will be | required of all desiring to traln or instruct the young. * * | * American War | Picture Thrills Berlin. Cologne Gazette.—Gustay Pabst's new moving picture, entitled “The Western Front in 1918,” appalied the audience in a Berlin theater when shown for the first time. The audiefite, and espe- cially those who had sonsor grandsons |in the war, were overcome with the ter- | rible scenes portrayed, which included all the destruction, tragedy and horror of the conflict. Regiments of men were shown amid bursting shells and ¢ hall of machine-gun bullets, and also per- | sonal encounters with a single enemy, | of which combats there ‘was never but one survivor. Scores of people could not endure some realistic parts of the spectacle nor the sounds of death and struggle accompanying the action. Hos- pital scenes. reproduced were likewise distressin7, especially when too real- istically the agonizing shrieks and dy- ing moans of the wounded were revived. T £ih | Filipinos Complicate Hawaii Crime Situation. Honolulu_Star-Bulletin—The impor- tation of 40,000 Pilipinos to Hawaii has complicated the crime situation, accord- ing te Arthur Powlison, superintendent of recreation and playgrounds. Unem- ployment also is responsible for much of the present disorder in Honolulu. In addition to thousands of men, 20" boys | are out of work, and have no notion of anything beneficial to do with their idle time. “People who condemn one form of recreation,” said Mr. Powlison, “never substitute any other form of recreation for it. The dance hall, for instance, when it is closed, simply drive its habit- ues to even worse places of resort, Some innocent and interesting forms of amusement should be made available as & bulwalk against juvenile delinquency. Many of the boys and girls of Oriental homes are tempted by the streets to | escape the unpleasantries of their home ife.” |Business Woman Fails | To Endanger Homes From the New York World. Willlam M. Steuart, Director of the Census, tells a radio audience that more women than at any previous census period are engaged in gainful occupa- | ticns. The number of these between | the ages of 16 and 64 he gives in round numbers as 10,000,000. The number of girls under 16 gainfully employed s smaller than it was 10 years ago. When | more exact figures are available, they apparently will support the statement that in proportion to the total popula- tion the percentage of woman wage workers has not greatly changed in 10 years; or, for that matter, in 20. The tendency of young women to enter | gainful occupations is no new portent in American life. Mr. Steuart points out that side by side with this army of 10,000,000 wage- working women marches the vaster army of 23,000,000 women within the same age limits who are listed as house- wives, How many even of the 10,000,000 do light housekeeping besides their pald ‘work we shall never know. In the face of these figures, it can hardly be said that the business woman is endangering the American home. ——— Too Much Hot Air? From the Oakland Tribune. ergy now being expended in ex- ing what's wrong with -business in its misapplication, exactly Wwrong with business, En taini what is