Evening Star Newspaper, June 30, 1930, Page 8

A8 THE' EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.. June 30, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office Al ‘ennsvivania_Ave. Office: 110 East 42nd 8t e Lake Michigan Builains. Mce. 14 Regent 8t London. England. Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Fremine sto 45c per month e Evening anc Venen 4 Sundav: : #0c per month The Evenirg and Sunday’ iar oy hen 3 Supdass) .. e Sunday Star e af the and of each mor:th. Collection made at the an: n mer st York Chicago Off: Furopean O r 5 Bunday Star 65¢ per month S rer cops 5 e by mall or RatianeT Yooor *en 1n by mal Rate hy Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. and Sundas 510.00: 1 mo.. 85¢ I 36.00: 1 mo.. S0c 1 3400 1 mo.. 40¢ All Other States and Canada, and Sundsy..1yr.$12.00: 1 mo. $100 iy only + unday only 3 $800: Tmo. 3¢ 500 1 mo.. 50c Member of the The Associated Pre: #o the use [or republ atches credited 1o it or not ted in this paper and also the local 1ews Dublished herein. All rights of publication of £Decial Gi-patches hapein are also reserved. The District Near Insoivency. Report of a prdpective Treasury sur- plus of $200,000.000 by the close of the fiscal year, at midnight tonight, fords small solace for the anxious Dis- af- trict government, which at this hour. less than half a day from that divi- #ional period. faces the prospect of a complete failure for main- tenance. Unless Congress acts within these final few hours the Capital munic- ipality will enter the new fiscal year without a penny and without what s in industry and commerce effective as credit. Lacking final of funds agreement upon the annual District appropria‘ion bill and, through the possibly continued inasist- ence by the Senate upon its demand for an equitable compromise on the amount of the lump sum, and the re- fusal by the House to yield in any de- gree from its first position, passage of & resolution continuing the . appropria- tions on the basis of the now lapsing act, the District will at midnight be ingolvent, flat broke, penniless. It will not In strict observancé of the law be warranted in opening office doors to- morrow morning. In this dilemma the District is help- Jess. It cannot effectively raise its Yoice for succor. It has no redress in action. Congress has under the Com- stitution the power of “exclusive legis- Iation” ovef the present remnant of the ten miles square constituting the seat of Government of the United that Chang Hsueh-liang, marshal of Manchuria, has made & move fgr peace between the warring Nanking and Northern leaders. He is sald to have wired President Chiang Kai-shek sug- gesting a conference at Mukden, with hostilities suspended meanwhile. He is |ln A position to make such a proposal, but it is questionable whether Chiang Kai-shek could accept the suggestion without loss of face, inasmuch as in theory at least the “three eastern prov- inces,” known as Manchuria, are still | integrally part of China, and it would be rather anorhalous for the President of China to accept a mediatory proposal from the civil-military chief of that area in a confiict between himself and | other provinctal leaders. But the anom- alous may at any time become the | logical in China, the unusual the nor- {mal. 8o it is possible that this proffer |of Chang Hsueh-liang, who is one of the shrewdest of all the Chinese leaders | today, a worthy son of the late Chang Tso-lin, may provide a way out of a difficult situation from which there is no immediate prospect of escape with complete victor: r——— Adjournment in the Balance. ‘The second session of the “Seventy- first Congress is due to close thi€ week. The adherents of prompt adjournment, however, face several hazards. In the first place, there will be no adjourn- ment until a World War veterans' bill has been enacted into law, a .!beflt"ut!l for the measure vetoed last week by President Hoover. There is the threat, too. by members of the Senate to hold Congress in session unless some com- promise on the District appropriation i bill can be obtained. And, finally, there | is the desire of senatorial opponents of the London naval treaty to postpone action on that pact until next Decem- ber. They may undertake to delay the adjournment of the present legislative session in order to put off the opening of the special executive session of the Senate which President Hoover has an- nounced he would call immediately upon the close of the present session. ‘The chances for speedy action on the veterans' bill were declared brighter to- day, with Democratic supporters of a proposal advanced by Senator Walsh of | Massachusetts and Senator Connally of | Texas to increase the rates of pension until they paraliel those of the recently enacted Spanish War veterans' law, saying that they did not intend to string out the debate, but merely to obtain a record vote on their proposal. Signs of a possible adjustment of the difficulty between the Senate and House over the Government's share of the up- keep of the National Capital also gave hope for final disposition of the District appropriation bill. ‘The attitude of the opponents of the London naval treaty toward an early adjournment of the present session still was causing the leaders worry. Senator George Moses of New Hampshire, who | | THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, 1 {ared and fifty hours, established a little | less than a year and a half ago, to the more than four hundred and fifty hours already rolled off by the new title hold- ers, especially when it is considered that {the flight of the Question Mark was backed by all of the resources of the IArl’fly and carried through by its most { skiliful fiyers, while the Hunter brothers struggled hard to get enough money to- gether to buy a battered old plane. The Question Mark was forced to earth by the breaking of rocker arms on the motors, Certainly, if within two years this trouble can be corrected, as it has been in the latest flight, it marks a dis- | tinet step forward in the reliability of | alrplane engines. In the Willlams Bermuda trip there was no contribution fo the sclence of aviation, except perhaps the proof that an expert navigator is able to keep a plane dead on its course. The Columbia jcarried neither wireless nor ocean- |landing gear and the risk of such a flight was far greater than even suc- cess could warrant. In some respects the faliure of Lewis A. Yancey, Wil- liams' partner on the expedition from ©Old Orchard to Rome, to reach Ber- muda in his pontoon-equipped plane was even more important than Wil- liams’ success, Even though Yancey failed to make the island, he demon- strated conclusively that a small plane could ride out a night on the surface of the ocean and take off the next morning under its own power, It is such actual experiments as these that promote the art. e The Liberated Rhineland. Sixteen years ago today the world was aghast with wonder whether the shot just fired at Serajevo would lead to a European war, little realizing then that the Archduke Francis Ferdinand's assassination was a pretext for, rather than the cause of, impending cataclys- mic events, This thirtieth of June, 1930, will live in history under a happier augury, for | by sunset eleven and a half years of allied occupation of the Rhineland will be at an end. The last trainload of French troops will cross over the Mayence BHdge into Alsace-Lorraine, the German colors will be hoisted throughout the evacuated province, and the Reich will once again be master in its own house. The war is over. Final liberation of German territory is the direct and prompt fruit of the Young reparations plan. Germany's war obligations to her conqueror- creditors have been readjusted, on terms highly favorable to the debtor nation, and the stage is now set for the latter to work out its own economic and political salvation, unhandicapped psychologically by the presence of alien soldiers on German soil. None of the elaborate post-war machinery set up in Europe excels in its promise of genuine good this materialization of German hopes for a freed Rhb nd. has been opposed to the treaty, issued a statement declaring against “indecent haste” in disposing of the treaty. The States. The District may petitiom, but #t has no appeal if its petition is ig- mored. It has no votes and no rep- resentation in the chambers of the Iegislature which may, through incom- petence or stubbornness, ignorance of eonditions or.prejudice, utterly neglect ®r full to provide for its subsistence. These next few hours may bring some sort of adjustment. The Dis- trict prays that it may not be left without government, even for a day. —————— Aviators cannot understand why plain people should protest against air- flelds. An occasional crash invariably gives the aviator the worst of the ex- perience. Plain people have nerves, But nerves do not figure in the calcula- tions of the flying man. —_— et Antaretica is due for a great advance- ment if it can develop a citizens' as- sociation that knows how to utilize the publicity that Byrd has so handsomely earned for the territory. ———— Lindbergh did not encourage song writers who sought to celebrate his record-making flight. Song writers are never downhearted. One of them may have better luck with a lullaby. ———— China’s Chess Game, Reports of the situation in China, where civil war is raging on two fronts, do not furnish ground for much hope for early peace and stabilization, unless & jate hint of compromise is effective. . The “Summer campaign,” which has €ome to be almost an annual institution in that unhappy land, is progressing along the usual lines of occasional conflict, advances and retreats, evacu- ations, recaptures, parleys and breaches of truce, without much material alter- ation of the strategic map. In the north the rebellious combina- tion of provincial governors and armies has spread out into the Shantung area, taking the capital city of Tsinan and driving the Nationalist forces east and south from that important center. Un- less changes on the western flank, in Honan, compel the checking of this ad- vance, it is likely that the whole of Shantung will fall into the hands of the Yen-Feng alliance, a very severe blow to the Nationalists. In the south the Nanking govern- ment appears to have succeeded in stemming the tide of the advance of $he insurgents who were aiming at Hankow. After a series of victories ®outh of the Yangise an advance into Bupeh province was effected by the Bebels, but the Nationalist forces final- ¥y made a stand south of Hankow and for several days reports have indi- cated no further insurgent success. To the southeast, in Kiangsi and Fukien provinces, the situation is obscured. There a Communist uprising developed in May and became alarmingly strong n sarly June, with the coliapse of Na- tionalist government authority and con- trol over a wide area. Just what the situation there is at present is undis- elosed. A brief mention is made in the latest report of a “slight advance” by Na- tionalist forces in or following a battle west of Lanfeng, in Honan province, on the western front of the major cam- paign, described to be “the most severe ©of the present rebellion against China's central government.” This dispatch, however, comes from Shanghai, and is doubtless inspired from Nankin may be correct. Then again, it may It | staying aloft in an airplane for nineteen treaty has been in the hands of the Senate for a couple of months—the Senate and the committee on foreign relations. Its provisions have been widely published throughout the coun- try and the world and discussed from every angle by its negotiators and by naval officers. There appears no good reason why the Senate should not take up the pact for immediate consideration and action. The House has no part in the ratifi- cation of the naval treaty. An adjourn- ment of the present session now means immediate release for the members of that body, all of whom are up for re- election this year. It is expected that the House leaders will co-operate in every way to bring about an early close of the session. Nor does it appear that the Senate, meeting in special session with nothing before it but the London treaty, need spend many more days in ‘Washington. The Congress has been in session fairly steadily ever since the opening of the Hoover administration. Despite the friction which has developed between the President and the Senate, the legislative record of the Seventy- first Congress has been a full one, in- cluding farm relief and tariff revision. ‘Thursday night is the date for an adjournment, to which the leaders are working, if they cannot have an ad- journment Wednesday. If the present session runs past July 4, however, it may continue for another week. —————— “Fine Italian hand” is an old phrase in diplomacy. Mussolini has shown an inclination to vyield to American boss vernacular and substitute “rough stuff.” ey ) In Rumania comic operas are mo longer written. They are historically enacted. t S emee Two New Air Records. ‘Two new air records were created yes- terday. One was spectacular and dar- ing and proved little save that expert navigation and a sturdy plane are ele- ments of success for an over-ocean flight in a land ship, and the other, while neither spectacular nor daring, marked & distinct advance in the science of aviation. Shortly after daybreak yes- terday morning Roger Q. Williams and & crew of two took off from New York on a round trip non.stop flight to Ber- muda. They used the Columbia mono- plane that carried Clarence Chamber- lain and Chailes A. Levine from New York to Germany, a plane that has been through many vicissitudes and is now ranked as one of the veterans of the air. For nine and one-half hours the Columbia winged her way on & bee line to the tiny speck in the ocean. Reach- ing it Willlams dropped a bag of mail, cireled the island once and headed back for New York, arriving safely soon after dark. The sixteen-hundred-mile trip had been accomplished in slightly more than seventeen hours. -A little after the Williams' take-off in New York the other new record was setup in Chicago by the brothers Kenneth and John Hunter. At seven o'clock yester- day morning they broke the refueling mark for endurance of four hundred and twenty hours in the air, established last Summer in St. Louls, and at latest reports are still going strong with pros- pects of baing able to continue until the Fourth of July. Their machine is like- wise a veteran, second-hand and patche up for the record attempt. It is rare that the spectacular ex- ceeds the commonpiace in value, if having been bought | Under the treaty of Versailles the allles might have kept their banners planted on Rhenish territory until 1935. Reparation negotiations at The Hague in 1929 eventuated in an agreement to effect evacuation five years sooner. The world must hope that-French qualms over this “premature” deliverance of the Rhineland are groundless, “Very soon, laments the Journal des Debats, “al- most already, there can be seen a dis- turbance of the European situatfon ir all its diplomacy, resulting from the departure of our troops from the! Rhineland.” ‘This counsel of pessimism is offered in rebuttal of the doctrine of concilia- tion which M. Briand is so assiduously seeking to infuse into France and into Europe generally. It is an ironical pity that at the hour the French tricolor is venishing from Rhenish ramparts Italy should launch an immense new military budget avowedly aimed at pro- tecting her Alpine front against France. ‘The way of the European peacemaker is hard. ——— ‘The hardest task of a dictator naw confronts Mussolini—that of increasifig taxes in a manner that will not damage his personal popularity. e A ganglander may amass a consider- able fortune only to find that it pays for an exceptionally fine funeral, et LR SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. TIndependence. I'll show my independence in the good | old-fashioned style. I'll start a big explosion to be heard for many a mile. If I ignite some gasoline, I'll welcome the display And do just as I please, because it's Independence day. If I get singed and powder-marked, my- self Tl have to blame. The pain may be unpleasant, but I'll risk it just the same, Tl burn a roof that's not foolproof to make the scene more gay. Tl show my independence, ‘cause it's Independence da Avoiding Fnality. “I have noticed that you never give anybody a short answer.” s “In politics,” said Senator Sorghum, “the short answer is too easily under- stood. What you want to cultivate, in order to keep the argument open, is the long speech.” Jud Tunkins says he gets so worried by all the shaving cream ads, he almost hopes whiskers will come back In fash- fon. Harsh Entertainment. { When Gandhi starves himself awhile | And wears his clothes all out of style In gloom that must forbid a smile, 1 wonder, as I've often done, ‘When joys so easily are won, At what . .ae folks consider fun! Relief. “What is your idea of farm relief?” “A high-class real estate develop- ment,” answered Si Simlin, “that will enable me to sell the farm.” “Wealth brings power,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “because it is/ easier to hire men than to teach them.” The Severe Test. The Summertime arrives again, Confusing thought that should be neat. ‘Why should men start elections when They're kind o' crazy with the heat! |days can be considered commonplace, “De elephant is a smart animal not, be. That is one of the problems of ~but 1t certainly appears to do 8o in this* Uncle Eben. “He has de biggest of noses, retary case. It is a far cry from the now puny but he never gits it in other folks’' busi~ jn the State Department after his suc- A eessful missi special Ambassador Chinese news, v Hor the second time it is reported record of the Question Mark of one hun- nesa” D THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Recently we read an article some- where stating how easy it is to grow roses. The writer sald that there had been a great deal of tommy-rot written about how difficult it was to raise the “queen of flowers.” that, as a matter of fact, no flower was easler for the homeowner to handle. We beg to disagree. In our opinion, there is no plant more difficult for the amateur to grow with satisfaction, none more likely to result in failure. This does not mean that thousands of home gardeners will not secure good résuits with roses. Nor does it mean that any one will fail_ with such reliable, hardy varieties as Radiance and Red Radian ‘These are almost as easy to grow as zinnias. They are, however, but a foretaste of the beauties of Roseland. No one who grows them can rest content with them. He will want to grow other roses— and that is where the trouble comes in. No sooner does he begin to branch out than he finds that the writers who have proclaimed the rose a difficult flower to grow are very much in the right in their proclamations. 4 ‘The very fact that the rose is not an easy flower to handse makes it an ap- pealing one. It calls for the exercise of intelligence, as well as of vigilance. One must study and understand his roses, perhaps more than most, flowers. There are many simple posies which grow of themselves. Let them alone, and they will come home, wagging their flowers behind them. The rose, on the other hand, may or _may not produce successful blossoms. Between the grow- er's catalogue and the vase there is many a slip-up. o To dismiss the trouble and worries of rose growing as if they did not exist. is not to play fair with amateurs, espe- cially with those persons who have re- cently purchased homes, and who want to plant rosebushes the first thing of all. A word of pertinent advice to such might run as follows: Don't. Instcad of pultiug in rosebushes the first thing, save them until the last.’ Grow an- nuals, or perennials, or plant shrubs or evergreens. Make a good lawn. All these are needful matters, without which a home is somehow lacking. Let the roses go until you are sure you like gardening, for itself and in itself. Every year there are hundreds of men and women who take up home gardening hopefully, feeling that so far in life they have been cheated out of something that belongs to them, and which now they will possess. Some of them will be right in that belief. Others, and perhaps the majority, will discover that the habits of many years cannot be uprooted. ‘These latter struggle manfully to love gardening. They roll up their slecves in the Spring, rake the lawn furiously, plant flower and vegetable seeds weeks | too early, wilt with the first touch of hot weather, garden when that exercise is the very thing it need: Many of t keep up the—to them —distasteful work for several years, un- til finally they come to the rightful conclusion that gardening is not for them. Then they do either one of two things: they turn the work over to & aid gardener, or they give it up al- gether. Thus we have, in the main, three classes of amateur gardeners: Those who love the work, those who do not and pay others to do it for them, and those who neither love it nor are will- ing to pay for it. The last class may be call gardeners because they hoped to be such, and even hope, in so beauti- ful a work, is something. * K ok % The person who actually likes gar- dening, or who cares for the result enough to pay some one else to do it for him, will some time or other come and refuse to weed the| to the int when he wants roses. Usually h> wants plenty of roses. Not & mere dozen bushes for him! He wants & hundred bushes, usually of as many different varietles. And right there is where his troubles begin. Every one of his two dozen varieties, or his 50 va- rieties, or his 100 bushes, will be a prob- lem in itself. Unless he possesses the real love of gardening which will en- able him to go ahead with them, no matter what happens, he had better hesitate long before he begins. For the path of rose growing never ran smooth, we don't care how many bright and breezy articles some one or other writes telling you just how terri- bly easy it is to grow just such roses as you see in the florist's window—those | great, glorious flowers which sell at $8 a dozen, and are well worth it if an orchid is worth $5 a blossom. Roses, in the first place, have an un- accountable habit of doing good one year, poorly the next. Nor will they |run true to each other in a neighbor- hood, more than in a single garden. | One’s neighbor's bushes may be in tip- top condition without particular care, whereas one’s own, with time and money lavished upon them, may suffer from ;verymmg from blackspot to the rose ug. A perfect rose is a foss-up. You pay your money and take your choice, and often the choice doesn't turn out at all and there is not much that can be done about it, for it is & part of the game and the game runs perfectly only in the minds of some optimistic person who has grown a few Radiances and who thinks that because he got per- fect results with them he has mas- tered the art of rose growing. Well, maybe, maybe RO Let nothing that is set down discourage the amateur rosarian. The “queen of flowers"—and truly it is that—offers too much perfection for it to be neglected. All that we are try- ing to do is to prevent any one from getting the idea that the amateur’s rose bed will be the proverbial “bed of roses.” ‘There will be many an hour and day, and perhaps even week and month, when he will wish he had stuck to petunias. But if the rose has won him for her own, a little habit of hers, he will persist in the face of difficulties. Only he will make snorting noises, in all likelihood, when he reads some bright, breezy fellow to the effect that really there has been too much pother made about the difficulties of rose growing. He will make strange gurgling sounds in his throat when he reads |that roses are just about as easy to | grow as weeds, and that all they need s a handful of bone meal ‘“once a | year!” Yes, we read that bit of ad- | vice recently in one of New York's great dailies, and if it isn't wrong we | Will be able to eat the entire paper | page by page. . _It is one thing to overdo the difficul- ties of rose culture and quite another to pretend that there is nothing. after all, to the art of floriculture. Even pe- tunias and zinnias require some care. One may grow flne blossoms without bother, but very much larger and more beautiful ones with proper cultivation and care. The same thing, only a hundredfold | more, applies to the rose, that strange, | fascinating flower which has intrigued the fancy of flower lovers of all na- | tions since the days of the Greeks and Romans. Despite the fact that it is essentially a shrub, its cultivation at the hands of civilization has ended in making it tender, fickle and unreliable. Like a proud beauty who is used to winning the hearts of men, the rose will not unrurl her charms for every one. She wants a little real devotion, and if she doesn't get, it she won't play, and we don't care what any New York writer says. > here WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC Overwhelmingly the most fascinating end-of-session speculation in Washing- ton is whether Herbert Hoover has put on his fighting clothes for keeps, or only for the duration of the present un- pleasantness on Capitol Hill. If the ‘White House ear-to-the-ground secre- tary, French Strother, is reporting what he hears, especially from the country’s press, he's telling the “Chief” that Hoover's teeth-showing tactics on vet- erans’ legislation, law enforcement in- quiry funds, etc, have made a hit. Democratic praise of presidential bel- ligerency is especially strong. Many of Mr. Hoover's Republican supporters want him to swing around the Western circle this Summer or Autumn in battle array. They discount his coloriessness as a visible platform speaker, but point out that he unfailingly gets across over the radio. A national hook-up for half- dozen addresses, loaded with the kind of ammunition the President has re- cently fired in White House statements, would, it is felt, serve to boost Hoover stock enormously. G. O. P. leaders argue that their congressional candidates this year have to defend the adminstra- tion and consider that the official leader of the party ought to take off his own coat in the same cause. * ok ok X Although the American delegation at the Parliamentary Union in London has no official mandate from Congress, the second deficiency bill, just passed, allo- cated $20,000 for the union. Half the sum is a contribution to the Central Bureau at Geneva, and the rest is for the delegation's expenses to, at and from London. Representative A. J. Montague, Democrat, of Virginia, is chairman of the American group which will presently be assembled in England. Representative Morton D. Hull, Repub- lican, of Illinois, will be the group's star performer, with his report favoring in- ternational action on the “freedom of the seas” issue. o Parmer-statesmen soon succumb to | the social proprieties at Washington. One of them takes dancing lessons. Another has had his portrait done in ofl by a noted painter. Several have become golf addicts. Nearly all of them have learned how to wear evening dress. The other day Senater boring open spaces to dine at the for- mer's home. On the way out of the Senate office building that afternoon—it happened to be the hottest day of the year—the invited solon stuck his head through Senator ——'s door and asked, “Tuxedo tonight? Quoth the host of the evening: “Hell, no! B. V. D.’s! » % . ! ‘Washingtonians who lunch or dine at the Chinese legation are always treated to one or two Celestial delicacies. Dr. Wu, the war-racked republic's cultured Minister, was asked by a recent guest if these titbits were prepared by a Chi- nese cook. Then he divulged that al- most the oldest attache of the legation is a Negro cook of the mammy type who, having survived both the imperial and republican regimes in China, long since acquired the art of concocting dishes fit for & mandarin, The swarthy queen of Dr. Wu's kitchen can ever sea- son her talk with Chinese garnishments. wow kT Edward T. Clark, President Calvin Coolidge’'s long-time personal secretary, has become a permanent resident of Washington. He recently bought a house which, to his astonishment, was equipped with the same telephone num- ber (4706) as the residence’s strect ad- dress. Then “Ted” discovered that by a curious numerical quip the digits in 4706 mount up to 17, which is the name of the street he lives on. Clark began to wonder what'll happen next. when the license authorities of the District of Oolumbia recently handed him a dog tag numbered 4706. * * K K William R. Castle, jr., Assistant Sec- of State, is back at his old desk ion as impending_session of the Inter- | of a rural | State invited a colleague from neigh- | WILLIAM WILE. to Japan for the duration of the Lon- don Naval Conference. From Tokio comes word that Castle ingratiated himself to a high degree with the Japanese authorities and with the pub- lic. He returns with a correspondingly thorough appreciation of the funda- mentals in the Japanese-American sit- | uation. ‘There’s apparently no thought of turning his assistant secretaryship into a special branch of Far Eastern affairs at the department, but nat- urally Castle’s up-to-date knowledge rates him as Secretary Stimson’s No. 1 adjutant in that realm. One of Mr. Castle's earliest jobs will be to put W. Cameron Forbes through a course of Japanese sprouts. The Bostonian Ambassador-designate to Tokio will probably not go to his post till Fall, in time for the annual return to his capital of the Japanese Emperor. *'H % One of the long-pending and highly controversial post-war disputes be- tween Germany and the United States has just been settled—the compensa- tion awarded to the Germans by Uncle Sam for seizure of their 90-odd mer- chant ships which were interned in American harbors on the outbreak of the World War. * The Reich, or rather its shipowners, will receive some $74.- 000,000 on account of the Leviathan (the former Vaterland), the George Washington, the Kronprinzessin Cecelie and other one-time famous German liners. Some $20,000,000 will be paid over at once; the balance, later, The case of the original owners was prose- cuted mainly by Dr. Karl ton Lewin- ski, German consul general at New York and Reich agent before the mixed German-American tribunal which ad- Judicated nearly $200,000,000 in claims. Von Lewinski's job was a long and arduous one. calling for diplomatic as well as legalistic talent. The final award is a tribute to his skill in both flelds. * ok % K Another Pennsylvanian, Represent- ative Henry W. Temple, succeeds by seniority to the chairmanship of the House ~ Foreign Affairs Committee through the passing of Stephen G. Porter. Mr. Temple was educated for the clergy and was a pastor until he became & college professor at Washing- ton and Jefferson College. He was teaching history and political science at W. and J. when elected to Congress in 1915. There's been an amazing mor- tality among House Foreign Affairs committeemen in recent years. The next ranking member after the late Chairman Porter was John Jacob Rogers of Massachusetts, who died five years ago. (Copyright, 1930.) e R — To Stabilize Pay Rolls. From the New Orleans Item. The General Electric Co. makes an honest beginning at unemployment pro- tection by offering a new insurance plan to its employes. At any plant adopting this, employer and employe will contribute”equally to a fund which will pay laid-off workers up to $20 a week for as much as 10 weeks of any year. The company further pledges itself to stabilize its forces by hiring new work- ers as slowly as possible during the pe- rlods of increasing business and by keeping lay-offs at a minimum during periods of depression by starting main- tenance, repair and other kinds of emergency work. Dispatches do not give details. The plan probably has imperfections. But it 1s significant as an experiment, even 50. A wage for 10 weeks during unem- ployment will help workers only 10 weeks. Most depression periods do not last much longer, but some do. No re- lief plan has yet been submitted for protractions of distress. This, though, is important, that General recognizes the responsibility of employ- ing capital to protect the interests of labor durin; recurring periods when thousands of men who normally are employed are d{eprtwd of work. . C. MONDAY, JUNE 30, 1930° The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. Just 30 years after his father, the late Senator Robert M. La Follette, was | elected Governor of Wisconsin another fighter of the same name, “Phil” La Follette, has announced his candidacy | for the Republican gubernatorial nomi- | nation of that State. Like his father Phil La Follette is & candidate of the “‘Progressives.” He has been picked by them to oppose Gov. Walter J. Kohler, regular Republican, bathtub king and | business man, who was elected in 1928. Although the Progressive wing of the Republican party in the Badger State | has twice nominated and elected Sena- | tor “Bob” La Follette, jr., to the Sen- ate and has also placed Senator Blaine, | another Progressive, in_that body, it | has failed during the last four years to hold the governorship, an office | which they desire most particularly. * kX ¥ In 1926, in_a three-cornered race, former ‘Gov. Zimmerman, who styled himself an original La Follette man, was nominated over the candidate backed by Senator La Follette, jr., and Senator Blaine, then Governor, and over the regular Republican candidate. It has been charged that in the end the stal- warts threw their strength to Zim- merman, hoping to break up the La Follette Progressive organization in that year and then to come back in 1928. Zimmerman won four years ago, and then, in 1928, Kohler, the pick of the stalwarts, was elected, also in a three- cornered race, with Zimmerman again drawing votes from the La Follette Pro- gressives, So far the race this year in Wisconsin is not complicated by a third candidacy. The contest lies between Phil La Follette and Gov. Kohler. Everything indicates a fast and furious campaign, ending in September, when the primary is held. Republican” nomi- nation for Governor is regarded as equivalent to election, in November, & ki Young Phil La Follette is no novice at the game of politics. He was one of his father's lieutenants and advisers, and later he has campaigned for his brother “Bob," two years his senior. e has the fire and vim of his father blued with an exceedingly attractive personality. His youth and the fact that his brother is now United States Senator have kept him from seeking the governorship in recent years, for he was urged to enter the campaign for the nomination in 1928. The Progres- sives have united this year, however, in urging him to run as by far the most available candidate. So last Thursday he made his announcement. In that announcement Phil La Fol- lette said: “The fortune of birth does not entitle any candidate to the support of a single voter. It does place upon me a special obligation to uphold the noblest traditions of a great public office and to {;nd;: !'I;hn:l M;P people of Wisconsin e best at is in me in faithful to the State.” ey . That is all he says about the La Fol- lette family and its record of public service. It is obvious, however, that the name La Follette will be a tremendous asset in the coming race, both because of the faith which the poeple of the State had in his father and because of the faith they have come to have also in his brother, the younger “Bob” La Follette. Phil La Follette, like his father before him, is a lawyer. His first public office, as in the case of his father, was prosecuting attorney for Dane County, He is widely known to the voters of t) e i:i‘lteeddesflfle hi:hynuth_ having cam- igned all over the Sd T Drote. State for his father SES *E ko e issues which the younger Fol- lette will raise are mdlcyated.rn }:‘l‘n an- nouncement of his candidacy. He is attacking the chain banking system, the power interests and the failure of the Kohler administration to bring new industries into the State, which it had promised to do, and the increase in the tax burden. The stalwarts have a real ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC Have we had the pleasure of serving you through our Washington Informa- tion Bureau? Can't we be of some help to you in your problems? Our business is to furnish you with authoritative in- formation, and we invite you to ask any question of fact in which you are in- terested. Send your inquiry to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- ton, D. C. Inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Is there airmail service from Brazil to this country?—R. T. L. A. The Post Office Department savs that it has no airmail service from the United States to Brazil. There is air- mail service from Brazil to Miami, Fla., but it is not maintained by the Govern- ment. The service is weekly and starts from Buenos Aires. Q. What is carbaloy?—A. J. T. A. Tt is a new alloy and is the hard- est substance next to the diamond, and is _composed of tungsten, carbon and cobalt. Q. Where and when was Katherine Brush, writer, born?—G. C. A. She was born in 1002 in Middle- town, Conn. Her childhood was spent in Baltimore, Washington and New- bury, Mass. Q. Where is the largest electric sign in New York City?>—C. L. T. A. The New York Edison Co. says that the largest electric sign in New York City at present is on the roof of the Warner Bros.' new Hollywood Theater, Broadway from Forty-first to Forty-second street, and there are 20.- 000 lamps, various sizes, required in its operation. The steel structure is nearly 80 feet above the roof of the building and forms a “V" shape. Its weight Is approximately 115 tons. There are about 1,500 ‘lineal feet of ~walkways, ladders and stairways at the rear of the structure, which provides access fo. the maintenance of the equipment. Each face of the sign carries five full Iines with letters 8 feet high, copy can be changed easily and quickly. The letters are plain bla wiring and construction © permit of changes of type of letters. ~During & eriod of 30 seconds four complete dif- FFent signs are created by colof changes and ong second dark intervals, The letters are 6 feet wide with a 21-inch stroke, and equipped with 1%-inch flange to mask the light away from any part of the steel structure. Each letter is equipped with four rows of porcelain sign receptacles. Q. When will the Barrows lectures in India_be given?—F. W. ~A. They are given once in several years and are to be presented in the Winter of 1930-31 by Bishop Francis J. McConell. The purpose of the dectures is to give & scholarly and fraternal presentation of Christian views in great educational centers of the Orient. The administration of the lectureship is under the University of Chicago. Q When did Chippendale die?—W. J. L. A. Chippendale, the designer of fur- niture, died in 1779. Only a small per cent of the furniture popularly called Chippendale was made in Chippen- dale's shop. Other cabinetmakers copled his designs, with his approval and encouragemen Q. Who was the child to whom there is a monument near Grant's Tomb in New York City?—A. M. M. A. The monument was “Erected to the memory of an amiable child, St. Clair Pollock, died July 15, 1797, in the fifth year of his age. Man that is born of woman is of few years, and.full of trouble, He cometh forth like a flower and is cut down. He fleeth also as a shadow and continueth not,” The child d_type, but the | J. HASKIN. was the nephew of George Pollock, & New York merchant who at one time ‘t\wnpd Claremont. In his conveyance of the property in 1800 he stated: “There is a small inclosure near’ your boundary fence within which lies the | remains of a favorite child, covered by | & marble monument. You will convey a | peculiar and interesting faver upon me [by allowing me to convey * ¢ * | keeping it, however, always enclosed and | sacred. There is & white marble funeral | urn prepared to place on the mon | ment which will not lessen its beau | Q what is | canada?—s. A. It is officially estimated at 9,79 | 800, an increase of more than a millio) since v.h-l lfs" (‘g\ins. in 1021, when | the population officially was placed at l.T!Bl.’(‘!)gfl. i ‘tvhc; ‘present population of Q. Who won the national spelling | bee this year>—D. D. A. It was held in Washington, D. C., and was won by Helen Jensen. a 13- year-old girl from Council Bluffs, Iowa. She received a prize of $1,000. The contestants were all students In ele- mentary schools. Q. When was preferred stock first issued by corporations as a part of their capital structures?—A. ro A. Preferred stocks came into ex istence with the railroad reorgani- zations of the nineteenth century and were used, as they are nused today, to give investors something better than common shares, but not quite as safel as bonds. Q. What was the earliest English comedy?—C. G. A. A. “Ralph Rogster Doyster,” written by Nicholas Udall, was the earliest. The exact date of its appearance is un- certain, but it was before 1551, Tt whs written to be presented by the boys of Eton College. Q. What is the difference between character and reputation?—E. F, A. Dictionaries make the foillowing distinction: Character is what one i, Reputation is what one is thought to be. Ole's reputation may be dIgher of lower than his character will justify. Q. Why 1s & road called a piker— 0. G. ATt was first called a turnpikd Turnpike I8 another name for follgate, and the name was applied to roads upon which tolls were collected. Q. Why did Sousa call his new mareh “The Royal Welch Fusiliers"?—T. B. A. It was so called in memory of ocasion back in 1900, when Hoover and his family were in the bee sieged town of Tientsin, China. After, ;inys n;fi’nxiety the Chinese were drawn rom their attack by approaching relief troops. These were American Marines; and Welch Fusiliers, i Q. Where will the next Rucharisié Congress be held?—1. M. A. It will be in Dublin, Ireland, §& , 1932, D Q. Is the Gulf of Mexico salt or fresh water>—W. B. R. ATt is “salt. h Q. How old is the National Universi olAMel:lco?~M. C. Ut e 5 was reorganized in 1910, claims the distinction of be 'mer-‘!; the re-establishment of the University of Mexico. which was founded in 1551, in the and is the oldest univers Americas, ot v Q. How old are remains of plan ;nlgn-la that are classed a: "rm'fu?"—‘ "A."According to Zittel, “all remains or traces of plants and animals which have lived before the beginning of the present period and have heen serv in the rocks” are termed fo“me i fight on their hands if they are to defea this young man. If La Fojlette udz:omf inated and elected Governor, then, in- deed. the Progressives will be fully in the saddle again in the State. The senior La Follette was 45 years old when he was first elected Governor, after fighting the “machine” for many years. He had served. J:lm%c;ngr%!?“ Prior to his election yogng:r. is a dozen years o far the prohibition issue has bobbed up in the Wisconsin_ guberne. torial fracas. Wisconsin is looked upon generally as wet. Blaine is a wringing wet. The La Follettes themselves have, generally speaking. left the prohibition e to others and have devoted them- s to other TogrY erally speaking, t e * % Kk % The Republican prim to e Republican primaries in Ohio are -and-dried affairs, it TIOW 8ppears. The time limit for filing Or senatorial and gubernatorial primary elections has gone by and Senator Ros- coe C. McCulioch and Gov. Myers Y. Cooper are unopposed. The Democrats, d, have four or five senatorial nomina- tion. Among them ‘are “Bill" Db one-time Democratic State chairman, an_ old-line Democrat and a moist of lers are former - sentative John McSweeney, a drryupnrx:d former Representative Robert J. Bulx. ley of Cleveland, a wet, and Charles Truax, who was a candidate for the Senate at one time against Senator fimeon D. Fess, Republican. ‘He was ead of the State Department of Agric gulture under Gov. Donahey. Truag. is Jooked upon as likely winner in" this feld. A former "Democratic national rman, George White, at one time, foo. & member of the House, is a candi. date for the Democratic nomination for Governor, and likely to get it, Despite the fact that Ohio s re- farded as a strongly Republican State, e Democrats now and then pull off 8 Yictory. “Honest” Vic Donahey got himself elected Governor two or {hye times on the Democratic ticket. fou example, and the State has had Dem. ocratic Senators, among them Atles Pomerene. -~ This year the Democrats are rather perked up over the situa. tion.” Perhaps that explains the scram- le for the senatorial nomination among them. McCulloch is a new man, although he served for a time in the House. He was appointed by the Goy. ernor to fill the vacancy caused by the death of the late Senator Theodore Burton. There is quite a bit of wet sentiment in Ohio, although the rural districts are supposed to be still very dry. Some of the Republican leaders India Commission’s Findings Studied With ‘The sincerity of the efforts to achieve some form of unity in India is accepted on this side of the Atlantic, as the re- ports of the Simon Commission are made public. The difficulties to be en- countered in an attempt to establish self-government and some similarity to the Philippine problem of the United States are pointed out. It is suggested that it is doubtful if the present lead- ers of nationalism in India will find satisfactory offers in the two sections of the Simon report. The principle set up is “progressive realization of respon- sble government.” Difficulties in connection with the Moslems are pointed out by the Erie Dispatch-Herald with the statement as to present conditions: “Vastly in the minority in India, the Moslems still see much to be gained by the present diffi- culties. Given a free hand, they prob- ably would soon gain dominance over the lethargic Hindus. Thus India stands on the verge of a minor, perhaps even a major, crisis. The forces roused by Gandhi's civil disabedience campaign have carried it far beyond the bounds he set. Passive resistance has become active. The British have been com- pelled to call in additional forces to curb them. The Moslems, ever willing to fight, see in any real freedom for India a chance to rise and take control by_the sword.” Popular interest among the English people is commended by the Milwaukee Sentinel, which points out that ‘“the first volume of the Simon Commission report has become a best seller,” as an edition of 17,000 copies printed by the government “sold out in three days at 75 cents a copy,” and the Sentinel makes the comment: “It must be said for the English that, however they gov- ern India, they are interested in what goes on in that troublesome limb of the empire. Americans do not profit by a comparison. Supposing the printery in ‘Washington had run off 17,000 copies of the Wickersham committee's report. Would 17,000 Americans have been in- terested enough in that report to buy them? The answer is ‘no.’ And the answer would be the same if an Ameri- can commission were to make a study of the Philippine situation and it were to be printed for public consumption. Englishmen are interested in what their governors are doing.” . M o A feeling of “disappointment” is voiced by the Toronto Daily Star, “not are hoping that the Democratic nom-. ination for Senator will go to a wet, believing that McCulloch will have an easier time defeating such a candidate. There has been some business depres- sion and unemployment in Ohio cities, too, which is supposed to work also in the interest of the Democratic candi- * ¥ k% Claudius H. Huston, chairman of the Republican National Committee, still has 'em guessing. He has called a meeting of the vice chairman and other officers of the national committee and the chairmen of the Senate and House campaign committees for next Monday to discuss plans for the coming con- gressional camfmlm. ‘This, his ’rlendx say, does not look like Mr. Huston is contemplating taking himself out of the picture. Yet, according to reports, the search is now on for his successor as national chairman. In some Re- publican quarters it is believed that Mr. Huston will reveal his plan to resign the chairmanship of the national com- mittee at this meeting, particularly if Congress shall have adjourned in the meantime. It was regarded as certain that he would not resign “under fire.” But the Senate Lobby Committee, which quizzed Mr. Huston on his activities as President of the Tennessee River Improvement Association and his use of certain funds collected for the association, has made a report to the Senate without making any direct charges against him. e time has come, it said, when he can gracefully retire from the chairmanship and re- lieve the G. O. P. organization of a certain amount of embarrassment. Wal- ter Brown, Postmaster General; Sena- tor Fess of Ohio. Walter Newton, sec- retary to the President, are among because the findings do not favor many valuable reforms, but because the report does mot bring India within sight of Dominion home rule, which it feels it was promised; also, because the report describes convincingly many difficulties that stand in the way of granting com- plete self-government. The commission makes it plain that it believes the prog- ress towards autonomy will be painful as well as slow. Yet its report is so worded as to impress the reader with the sincerity of its authors’ desire that the program of self-determination shall proceed as rapidly in India as is con- sistent. with the welfare of all classes of the population and the protection of the interests of the British Empire,” as- serts the Star, with the further com- ment that “so many advantages are of- fered to the people of India, and such useless suffering would be inflicted by persistence in the campaign for inde- pendence, that the best friends of In- dia all over the world will cherish the hope that the Nationalists will put aside their own preferences and make a sincere effort to use the recom- mendations as a basis for a working agreement for the good of India.” “The basis-of -the trouble,” in the opinion of the La Crosse Tribune, “very probably is found in neither country. Kipling explained it—'East is east and those who have been mentioned re- cently as possible successors of Mr. Huston, if and when he gets out. It won't be long now before the cam- paign will be getting under way. The Sympathy Here west, is west, and never the twain shall meet.'” That paper advises: “India has forgotten the pestilence and hunger of the days before Great Britain came. She believes that she used to live in a golden age. Just what would happen if she were left alone would be an in- teresting experiment.” ‘“A chief merit of the report” me- cording to the Manchester Union, “I in its recognition of the fact that the future of India depends upon its unity, And while there are nine British proy- inces, one of which is to be left outside » the present government scheme, there are 562 seml-independent states, ruled by * native princes.” The Youngstown Vin- dicator holds that “if India were left to herself, she would soon be torn pleces by fanatical warfare. numa_‘ public opinion in India is so divided, continues the Vindicator, “that there can be no national consciousness to give hope of building up a strong gov- ernment such as the empire, long ac- customed to self-government, would have. Progress has been made in the last decade, however. * ok ok x “No promises are made save one that Britain has pledged ultimately to real ize a respdnsible government in Ind and will do so regardless of obstacles, states the Oakland Tribune, while the Richmond News Leader thinks “the | whole program may be the safest thatly could be proposed at present for India, much as Americans would like to see the Indian people exercising larger self- government,” its conclusion being that it “will be entirely unacceptable to the Nationalists and will hnrdry arouse the enthusiasm even of the moderate Mos- lem element in India.” “Blend of the American and British | systems of government” is seen by the he | Newark Evening News in the proposals, though, “for the moment, inclusion of the native states is likely to be more academic than real.” The News adds: ‘The report seems a fair and workable program, based upon facts not distort- ed by politics. But it will be attacked by the Natlonalists and parliamentary partisans as not Ii | rse; as 01.00 generous ointing out that the report “was completed before the beginning of the present crusade of Gandhf” and that “it does not take a stand against Indian nationalism,” the New York Sun states,” “It is the ‘development of a national | feeling and a willingness to progress slowly if necessary, but wisely, to self- government upon Which the commission founds_its recommendation for an all- India federation.” e — | Picnics Ruin Summer. Prom the St. Paul Dispatch Summer wouldn't be so bad if it were not for the law that compels people to 80 on pienics. SRS Another Glorious Feeling, From the Toledo Blade 1 Finding that the rattle you suspected’ of being in your car came from the one closely following—isn't it a glorious feeling? - Time for Political Work. From the Oskland Tribune, ‘This is the season for political workers to take little trips and return to report how surprised they were to find senti- aeg: Was just as they would wish it SRS Willing to Fifiht in' Rain, Prom the Port Wasne News-Sentinel, serious in the Par e — Things Not to Forget. Prom the Haverhill Gazette. national organizaton nceds a head who will be on the job constantly and in a position to ald, declare many of the Republicansa. advice of the Public Forget work during w 15 the but don't forget whem your ends. . ’ ral enough, by To- §'