Evening Star Newspaper, June 23, 1930, Page 8

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A8 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTO. D. C., MONDAY JUNE 23, 1930. W ! THE With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.........June 23, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor The Evening lm‘zmw Company 11tp St. and Pen lvania_Ave. } Py g R opean 14 Regen London, Ensiand the City. 4bc per month 60c per month 8¢ per month “ ver copy o at the end of ench month. sent in by mail or telephone a3 Siar Bl ay ouly ... 3110007 mo 15 76.00: 1 mu ¥rL 3400; 1 mul 40¢ All Other States and Canada. Eyy and Sunday g;r.n!gg. ma. 11,00 das™oniy " s B0 imen & Fact Pinding and Fair Dealing. If the deadlock on the District bill & broken by agreement to accompany passage of the measure with a joint resolution, or an amendment, providing for the creation of a fact-finding com- mission on Federal-District fiscal rela- tions, interest immediately centers not enly upon the personnel of the body proposed, but upon the scope of its inquiry. All that glitters is not gold, | nor is the mere appointment of a fact- finding commission a guaranteed cure- 81l for the chronic ills that beset Uncle Bam and his ward, the District, in their financial relations, Under the present circumstances, however, the appointment of a commis- slon is assuredly a wise step, provided #ts membership and the terms of its inquiry are studied seriously and with the sincere desire to profit, on the side of equitable dealing and Capital wel- fare, by findings that undoubtedly would prove of great value. ‘The bill by Mr. Moore of Virginia, favorably reported in the House, is a sound measure, in that it provides for | representation, not only of the Con- @ress, which is the court of final appeal, regardless of how many commissions are appointed, but of the District Com- missioners, who are the executive heads of the municipality, and of the citizen taxpayers, who deserve that special consideration due to the fact. that the taxes they pay are directly concerned @s one of the debatable issues. None of these representatives could “domi- nate” the commission to the extent that accusations would follow of ex- parte proceedings—accusations apt to nar general satisfaction over the se- lection of a body representing merely the Federal Government, an interested perty. The Moore bill, in addition, charges the proposed commission with & broad fleld of investigation, enabling it to look into the many sides of the fiscal yelations problem—a problem that proves baffiing chiefly because it has many sides. The value, for imaginary taxable ;hu;'mu. of Federal holdings in the ct; the permanent effect on Distriet sources of revenue of repeated transfers to the tax-exempt list of Saxable property; the analysis of taxes tn comparable cities, taking into ac- eount the facts that enter the fixing ©f tax rates and assessment bases—these are merely a few of the many facts that have a bearing on the case. Their discovery would be relatively simple. But in addition there must be con- #idered the matter of equity, and equity t00 often depends upon a point of view. The setting up of adequate safe- guards for the people of Washington 8gainst unjust or whimsical taxation, such as that provided in the principle ©f fixed ratio; the obligation of the Fed- eral Government to the Capital of the Nation because it is the Capital of the Nation, exclusively governed and planned by the Federal Government; the laying down of some new rule, if @xed ratio is discarded, either to pre- serve the integrity of the ideal of pertnership in Capital buflding, wherein all the expenses are divided on the basis of that partnership, or ®lse to discard the idea of partnership entirely and endeavor to effect some other arrangement whereby the expense of various activities and projects could be equitably divided—these are matters that involve the consideration of that intangible dement known as fair deal- ing. They are as important as the facts themselves. ‘The findings of any commission would be merely advisory. The acceptance of s facts or the adoption of its recom- mendations would always rest with Congress. Therefore the membership of the commission should be broadly in- clusive at the outset and its jurisdiction should not be confined merely to one @apect of the case—such as the value of the Federal, and therefore tax-exempt, holdings, ‘The idea should be not only to get 811 the facts available, but to obtain the opinion of those who have studied the facts in their relation to the moral as well as economic principles to be fol- lowed in their application. Congress has nothing at stake in the selection or | the findings of such a commission. The disfranchised, tax-paying District has everything at stake. —_—rae Any one who doubts whether brings happiness can get a answer by asking Al Capone. ———— Those Fire Hazards. Now that the Board of Education has sdopted the wise policy of immediately abandoning any school building that the Commissioners recommend for sbandonment on account of fire hazards reported by the fire marshal, the Com- missioners should follow suit with the adoption of as wise a policy concerning an acceptable definition of what con- stitutes & fire hazard. 7 As matters stand now the fire marshal classifies recommended elimi- nation of fire hazards as (1) desirable, (2) necessary and (3) emergency. Faulty fire escapes aad other equipment in fourteen schools have given them, in the opinion of the fire marshal, fire vealth cant EVENING STAR [to €0 about #t? Will they proceed to eliminate the hazards, which have been pointed out for the last decade, or will they do nothing? 1If their elimination is “necessary” they should be eliminated by costly repairs, or the buildings should be abandoned. If they are not “necessary” the fire marshal should publiely revise his estimate of the con- ditions. The Board of Education has left the matter with the Commissioners and what the Commissioners say goes. The people of Washington, who must send their children to these schools, have a right to know whether the fire marshal means what he says, and, if so, what is going to be done about it. The matter should not be conveniently ignored, as in the past. Facing a Deficit. President Hoover has put squarely up to Congress the question of an increase in Federal taxes along with legislation for World War Veterans, which is de- clared to be unsound by Gen. Hines, head of the Veterans’ Bureau, and which, as now drafted, has not been demanded by the American Legion. ¢ | Passage of the pending veterans' bill has overnight taken on a new aspect. It 15 no longer merely a question of putting through a bill which does not have the approval of the President. It means legislation which will h"l('l't’ass‘i ture | governmental expenditures so enor- mously that the taxpayers of the coun- try will be forced to meet higher levies. It means a deficit in the Treasury of the United States of large proportions. ‘The passage of a bill by a majority of the Congress which does not meet the views of the Chief Executive is not a new experience. Practically every President has ex- perienced such & conflict of opinion with the legislative branch. But the deliberate passage of a bill which will cause a deficit in the Treasury, in time of peace, is something else. The legislators will have to determine whether they are willing to go to the eountry with such a record. Legislation for the veterans of wars is rightly popular. The country owes a debt of gratitude to the men who bore arms in its defense. But the coun- try has not been a laggard in the mat- ter of contributing to the support of disabled veterans or in generosity to the whole veteran class. Gen. Hines points out that the country is now pay- ing approximately $511,000,000 annual- iy to veterans under the legislation now on the statute books. Commenting upon the proposed bill, which is esti- mated to add to this annual expendi- ture by from $102,000,000 in the first year to $225,000,000 in later years, as framed by the Senate finance commit- tee, and even to $400,000,000 a year as passed by the House, Gen. Hines in- sists that the legislation now proposed does not follow the time-honored cus- tom of caring for men whose injuries and disabilities are traceable to the service of the country, but proposes to include thousands upon thousands of men whose disabilities have arisen since the termination of the war which are not traceable to their war service. He calls attention to the fact that the average age of the World War veterans is only thirty-eight years, far below the age at which it has been the custom of the country to extend a general pension to veterans of wars. Even if the country desires to pen- sion every veteran of the World War and other wars, it is Gen. Hines' con- tention that the country should cut the coat according to the cloth at hand. This is the view, too, of President Hoover and Secretary Mellon. The country should be generous to its de- fenders. At the same time it must consider the whole body of citizens and the resources of the Government, de- rived only from the payment of taxes by the people. President Hoover has on several occa- sions during the present session warned Congress that if it continued to roll up appropriations there would be a deficit in the Treasury and the country would face higher rates of taxation. These warnings were scoffed at and derided by members of the Senate, some of whom insisted that the President was insulting the Congress and seeking to make capital with the people against the legislative branch. Now the Con- gress is confronted directly with the prospect of forcing a Treasury deficit and higher taxation on the country. Doubtless efforts will be made by some of the supporters of the veterans' bill to avoid the blame for such a condi- tion. But they cannot escape it. In- cidentally there is a vast number of veterans of the war, along with the rest of the people, who will feel the pinch of increased taxation if this bill be- comes a law as it now stands. President Hoover has not closed the door to all veterans’ relief legislation in his letter to the Republican leader of the Senate, Mr. Watson. He has said that a bill could be drafted, covering certain meritorious cases, which he would . sign. - He. said much the same thing when he vetoed the Spanish War Veterans' pénsion bfll, but his’ veto was overridden by Senate and House prac- tically without consideration of the warning given by the Chief Executive. That bill increased the governmental expenditures by merely $11,000,000; and while it could help bring about a deficit, it could not accomplish that result of itself. The pending veterans' bill, however, will do just that. thing, ‘Defense of the new tariff is a waste of oratory. If it works out prosperously its own statistics will be better than any rhetorical figures. ¥iu SR e O R An Academy of Peace. Sixteen years ago this week there was ignited at Serajevo a spark, des- tined within two months to ignite a world conflagration. At Berlin ‘there was ready for “the Day” an institu- tion called the Academy of War, con- ducted by the Great German General Staff and regarded the globe round as the last word in education in the field of Mars. War was taught at the Kriegs- akademie as an exact science. Last Saturday night Dr. Julius Curtius, German foreign minister, ad- dressed to thegAmerican radio audience across the Atiantic an appeal to co- operate in the establishment of an Academy of Peace. It is to be founded at Berlin as a memorial to the late Gustay Stresemann, co-author of the treaty of Locarno and assoclate archi- tect of many other structures designed hasards, the elimination of which is “necessary.” What do the Commissioners intend to fortify European peace. It was fitting that BStresemann's successor in the Wilhel ., who co-operated with him in post-war activities, {to arm by land and sea, as is its good should have outlined the purposes of the academy and invited American sup- port of it. In co-operation with The Hague courts, the Geneva Institute for the Study of International Relations and similar institutions, the Academy of Peace, Dr. Curtius explained,’ will have a threefold task: the publishing of in- ternational research work in various languages, scientific investigations into the possibilities of organizing a just and peaceful order in international poli- tics, such as is developing through the Kellogg pact, and educational work, which is to consist of teaching “the science of peace” at universities and other institutions of learning. “In other words, an attempt is now being made in Germany,” Dr. Curtius went on, ‘“under the motte, ‘If you want peace, organize for peace.’” The gcademy is to study the most effective ways of securing peace, he says, just as academies of war “major” in exploring the most efficient and scientific meth- ods of waging war. Stresemann was Germany's “great, untiring fighter for international conciliation,” his succes- sor-eulogist declares, and the new insti- tution at Berlin is dedicated to the perpetuation of his ideals. Germany, it may be well for sheer pacifists to observe, is not unmindful of the virtues of what George Washing- ton called “a respectable defensive pos- " while taking her stand for peace. Within the limits of ethe Versailles treaty—which Dr. Curtius on Saturday stigmatized as “the most unjust of peace treaties”—and within the dimen- sions of its budget, the Reich continues right. Until a naughty world is more com- pletely regenerated, no Academy of Peace can fall to teach the grim neces- sity of adequate preparedness as one of the fundamental bulwarks of a nation’s tranquillity and security, Its curricu- lum, minus such doctrines, will be in- complete and misleading. b Various exponents of the theories of Karl Marx have not been able to devote the large portion of a lifetime that comprehension. Marx is to political economy what Einstein is to physics. el heieli et o Members of the Byrd expedition ‘are applying for the old jobs they left to go to the Antarctic regions. A polar ex- plorer experiences hardships that make him especially desirous to find a warm berth awaiting him at home. ———rates. In arranging financial affairs & na- tion has to consider sometimes the pos- sibility of a deficit and sometimes that of a surplus, The deficit fear is shown by statistics to be the one most likely to come true. r————— Britons are interested in the breezy traditions of American speech. There may be some slight disappointment in Ambassador Dawes’ restraint of the Helen Maria influence in modern diplo- macy. Wall Street is looking for some one who can advertise a “shaving cream” that will render note shaving not merely. painless, but pleasant. ——————————— As the Fourth of July approaches fire- works seem harmless compared to the explosions promoted in gangland. - SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Summer Statesmanship. If in the good old Summertime A statesman has to wait Here while the mercury may climb To altitudes so great, He thinks of good works he can do As he each day employs, And to his mates exclaims anew, “It's worth the trouble, boys!" “If we can solve each problem vast That rises near and far, And each sky, once overcast, Shows Hope's clear-shining star, Discomfort will not matter much. If new and greater joys ‘We help humanity to touch, It's worth the trouble, boys.” New Merger Menace. “You always said that liquor is an evil influence. “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. “And I always sald the same about gang politics. When they combine, it looks as if we have a merger that is really to be feared.” Jud Tunkins says he still believes that honesty is the best policy and he's kind o' sorry the copybooks they used when he was a schoolboy have gone out of style. Reviving the spelling bee may prove a grand influence in restoring some | of the bygone educational fads. Old Fashions. | I like the good, old-fashioned ways. To call them “plain” I cannot learn. When I seek splendors that amaze, To archeology I turn. Composed Countenance. “Does she make up her face?” “Yes,” answered Miss Cayenne; “out of her own head. It's what I should call a highly original composition.” | “It is often necessary to defer to prefudices,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “and the most difficult de- ception is pretending to be deceived.” Moral Relief. Some little comfort Conscience takes In a fault-finding tone. I talk of other men's mistakes And so forget my own. “A crapshooter,” said Uncle Eben, “is likely to feel like a gunman dat done put his own hard-earned wages on de spot.” N Well Supplied. From the Jackson Citizen Patriot. Now that more than a score of mid- dies at the Naval Academy have ob- | talned marriage licenses, the Navy De- | partment need not worry about first mates. oo Make Thsm Fireproof. Prom the Detroit News. Manuscripts submitted by 643 poets in a prize contest were destroyed in a New York fire. If sending duplicate poems, please remember to write on only | one side of the asbestos. PSR A = Spinal, Not Tracheal. From the Ann Arbor Daily News. Presumably that new cold immuniza- tion will take care of colds in the head. But cold in the feet will continue to be cured by backbome tments. would be necessary for their thorough |y, jform Secretary Stimson's “I have always supposed that in or- der to become educated one must read s many books as possible, whethe} they are interesting to the reader or not,” writes a correspondent. “Your articles seem to dispute this idea, giving me to understand that a | man can become educated by readung | books that appeal to him. | “There are lists of books publisnad | from time to time with the intention | of giving the reader (should he devour | all of them) a liberal education. “Among these are the Harvard Clas- sics and others that are not only dis- tasteful to me, but beyond my ability to absorb. On the other hand, Rich- ard Halliburton, Emil Ludwig and au- thors on travels are especially interest- ing, and 1 seem to get more out of their books than any others. “This choice of mine, including & few of Dickens and a type of vouk such as that written by Dr. Oliver, appeals to me, and I would like very murh to know if these authors would give me as liberal an education as the others.” * ok %k Webster's Dictionary defines *‘liberal” as follows: “Befitting, or worthy of, a man of free birth.” Additional definitions include: “Free, not servile or mean, not restricted, especially not narrowly restricted by pecuniary or utilitarian considerations.” It will be seen that a libera tion (a phrase first used by Macaulay) includes in its very essence the idca of absolute freedom. Short of Jicense, which is an entively different thing either in physical or mental conduct, the idea of a iree man includes the idea of a just man, an honest man, a man intent on making the best of* himself. He himself, therefore, must be {aken as the standard. A man of free birth, of the sort we have in mind, is not intent on going through a prescribed “course,” merely, but rather wants to become all that it is possible for him to become, in him- self and for himself, with the further :,d::e of thus being able to help others etter, * ok ko It can be realized that there is noth- ing either low, mean or easy in such an ambition. And surely it does not in- clude any idea that a man “can become educated by reading,” either in books that do or do not appeal to him. Education is something beyond books, although they may help vastly. In act, perhaps no one ows _exactly what he means when he uses that fine sounding phrase, i An educated man is perhaps an ides rather than a human being. al toward which the boy or girl works, consciously or unconsciously (about 90 per cent). No one properly can say, “I am an educated man,” any more than he can proclaim, “I am a gentleman.” In these matters men’s actions speak louder than words. If they do not, he dare not say anything. “It is better to travel hopefully than to arrive,” said Robert Louis Stevenson of another matter. The saying may be lplplled to self-education with much point. One may never become a truly edu- cated man, or one may, but just so long as he feels that he is on the right road, he can take a certain pride in himself. e Books are by no means the sole tools in the educative process. Foremost comes the scholar, himself, with his mental and physical habits, some of whieh are inimical, and which THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. he may try a lifetime to overcome. His »’ inclinations, his “bent,” must be sidered. The teachers who fail to un grees they possess. ‘The very times in which one lives have a great deal to do with education. ‘The books and plays which are avail- able during the perfod have something to do with it; nor can any one be im- mune to the power of advertising, which influences all of us, often despite | ourselves. The habits of living of the age often influence young men and women to their detriment, especially in the mat- ter of mental enthusiasms, making it impossible for them to exercise that freedom of choice which a true liberal | education demands. oa * No list of books can give one an education, liberal or otherwise. The ::.;L such books can hope to do is to I‘t’ must never be forgotten that the builders of such lists aimed honestly to make a selection befitting, or worthy of, a man of free birth. It is interesting to note that this fundamental definition goes far, far back in the history of the world, even to those days when men were divided into two broad classes, free men and slaves. It is a helpful definition, even today, for mankind yet remains in those two classifications, although the causes are many nowadays. We are slaves to opinions, propaganda and many other matters, Often we are slaves to old habits and customs which educatea men long ago outgrew, but have not yet been able to cast off ogenly. such is the curious power of the mass mind over the in- dividual mind. W If there is any power in good reading at all, and most of us think there is, surely it means reading based solidly on the power of choice. Educators, in schools, colleges, uni- versities, attempt to do what they are asked to do: To “educate” the young men and women sent to them. To the best of their ability they draw up lists of good books. They do the selecting, on the basis of their experi- ence as contrasted with the inexperi- ence of the pupils. N & man goes out into the world, as the phrase has it, the time has come for him to forget about his teachers, and to select his own reading to suit himself, as befits a free man. The books he reads must be worthy of a man of free birth. Halliburton, Ludwig, Dickens, Oliver—why not? e Our belief in the power of personal selection is based on the idea that if & man attempts to read books which do not appeal to him he will end up by _not reading at all. Reading today must compete with radio listening, with automobile riding, with movie and talkie looking and listening. The readcr must be an in- letres{‘ed reader, or he will be no reader at_all. The idea of interest need not include that of futllity. Surely oné may be in- terested in the Bible, in Shakespeare, in all the great writings of the world. 1t is only natural that one will “get more” out of books which interest him. Nothing else could be expected, except by those working theoretically, which often means mistakenly. By all means read the books you like, but take care that they are good books, in the best sense of the phrase. Then you need not worry about your education. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. If ‘Senator Hiram Johnson’s naval- treaty mail following his recent radio attack on the pact is any criterion there is undoubtedly a considerable body of public sentiment opposed to ratification. Johnson's passionate plea for ‘rejec- tion™ reached millions of listeners last week, and the Californian is hearing from a lot of them. It was almost 11 years ago this week to the day that the signature of the treaty of Versailles un- leashed that torrent of senatorial an- tagonism, which was doomed to swamp the World War peace covenant at Washington. Hiram Johnson was onc of the “wilful few” that led a band once thought to be pursuing a forlorn hope. He has gone about the business of smashing the London pact in the same vigorous and determined wa Perhaps the fear that history may re peat itself induced the State Depart ment, on the heels of Senator Johnson's broadcast broadside, to put in pamphlet ro-treaty radio address and give it wide circula- tion as a public document. Possible lack of a sr‘echl-semon quorum re- mains, at this hour, the principal ob- stacle to favorable Senate action on the naval pact. s o M. Jules Henry, charge d'affaires of the French embassy, will deliver the | civic Fourth of July address at Boston next week. Only those Americans who remember their country's early history from schoolday studies recall that the French were practically the pioneers | in settlement of the New England Coast. Presumably M. Henry will dwell eloquently on that almost forgotten fact. In his “Founding of New Eng- land” James Truslow Adams says: “In 1603 the French King assigned to the Sieur de Monts a charter, with definite colonizing bounds. This grant embraced | all the territory between the fortieth and forty-sixth degrees of latitude, or from Philadelphia to Montreal. The issuance of this patent was immedi- ately followed by an attempt at settle- | ment, de Monts and Champlain, both of whom had previously been in Can- | ada, sailing with 120 men in the Spring | following" the receipt of the grant. Buildings were erected, and the first Winter passed on the Island of St. Croix, in the mouth of the river of the same nanre, which empties into Passamaquoddy Bay. It was thus the first authorized attempt to colonize New Ehxllnd."‘ * k% Representative Ruth Bryan Owen, Democrat, of Florida has just won a new distinction for congressional wom- en. She is a member of the American delegation to the Interparliamentary Union meeting in London in July, being the first of her sex ever to attend these annual conferences as a delegate from the United States. Mrs. Owen has not been back to England since she returned from there in 1915. Bryan's gifted daughter faces an op- | positionless race for re-election to Con- gress in Florida in November. She mowed down her recent primary op- ponents, not in the ratio of 16 to 1 on which she grew up politically—but by 4 to 1. T Senor Dr. Don Ricardo J. Alfaro, Panama’s young but veteran envoy at ‘Washington, has just gone to Maine for the Summer with his wife and family. It's almost the first time that the Minister hasn't chosen his own country for his midyear vacation re- treat. He likes to tell Washingtonians that the tropical Panaman weather in Summertime is on the average much cooler than anything the National Capi- tal, New York, Philadelphia or other Atlantic seaboard cities customarily ex- perience. Dr. Alfaro studies weather reports now and then, he says, for com- parative purposes. He claims that al- most invariably when it's 90 to 96 in Washington, it's around 75 to 80 in Panama City u: c:lo‘n o Up on the third floor of the State De- partment, in an office emblazoned “‘Geog- rapher of the Department,” sits and | in works a _modest young member of the United States foreign service named Samuel Whittemore Boggs. Mr. s’ duties assume an unusually interesting importance at this time because of the international possibilities conjured up by Admiral Byrd's discovery of new land in the Antarctic and his claiming of its frozen reaches for Uncle Sam. The State Department geographer has Ant= arctica and the rest of the world at his tongue's tip and finger ints. He is far more communicative than the name of his native town might indicate— Coolidge, Kans. Boggs studied at Berea and Yale, and got his A. M. at Colum- bia in 1924. He is a fellow of the Royal Geographic Soclety of London. completing his sixth year in his present State Department post. b s Senator “Jim"” Watson was told at the Columbia Broadcasting System's Wash- ington studios the other night that the program managers had had to displace a feature known as the “Nit-Wits” to make room for his tariff talk. “Well, that's too bad,” said the G. O. P. Sen- ate leader. *“The last thing I want Yo do is to discommod: my Democratic friends.” Senator Pat Harrison takes the air tomorrow night to answer Wat- son. * koK “Honest Vic” Donahey, the many- times Democratic Governor of Ohio, is sald to be flirting with the idea of put- ting up a 1932 presidential lightning rod. Dry, Protestant, Middle Western and caparisoned with victory traditions, Donahey thinks the Democratic party might go farther and do worse than pit him against Hoover—or Coolidge—or | .| 1ssue cuts Morrow two years hence. (Copyright, 1930.) v—.— Ocean Flying Stunts Are Beginning Again From the Charleston (8. C.) Evening Post. There have been few attempts to fly across the ocean made in the past year. After a long list of tragedies had been recorded by courageous and sometimes foolhardy aviators, the lure of the ocean flight seems to have lost its power. Now it is to begin again. At least the pas- sage from Europe to America, which has never been perfectly accomplished, is to be essayed, this time by an Amer- ican. He will seek to emulate on the western flight Lindbergh's splendid per- formance, flying west to east. Arthur’ Goebel is the adventurous aviator who will try this perilous feat. He won the airplane race to Honolulu, and he made the first non-stop flight from the Pacific to the Atlantic Coast of the United States. plane to France by steamship and will start from Le Bourget, the flying field near Paris, and endeavor alone to reach New York, reversing Lindbergh's great flighe. * * * Little of & practical and a useful nature can be accomplished in this stage of airplane development by so hazardous a test as Goebel is prepar- ing to make. But there is no use talk- ing against transoceanic record flying. There is hardly much of practical pur- pose held by any of these flyers in their essay of the Atlantic crossing, but that makes no difference. This is all a matter of sportsmanship, which may be | better than commercial - Assassination of a Reporter. From the Port Huron Times-Herald. A Chicago newspaper reporter, who “knew too much” about the notorious murder gangs of that city, was assassi- nated on Monday, boldly and deflantly, in_a crowded Chicago thoroughfare. It was a typical gang method of ld-‘ ministering punishment to one who had offended. | But probably it was one of the “dumbest” avenging acws which any| criminal gang ever “pulled.” | It these supposedly smart criminals| ‘were one-half as intelligent as they are objective. much touted to be, they would have s realized before this deed was committed | that it would come mighty near being the “last straw.” ‘The newupumu of the country have been among the most persistent of all the agencies which have to the fight against als. But if it is possible they are even less likely to be intimidated by such acts as this than the police themselves. The gang responsible for this murder could hardly have done anything more likely to b own retributions upon itself and stimulate the work of admin- istering “the Wl;el of sin” to those who are respongible for such as. ven assistance e and crim- He is | He will send his | | worth, ir., as ¢ The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. C. Bascom Slemp, long a power in Republican organization of the South, has declined to be a candidate for the House in the ninth Virginia con- gressional district. For 14 years Mr. Slemp represented the district in the House until he retired voluntarily a | number of years ago and became sec- retary to the President in the Coolidge | administration. He had been nomi- | nated by the Republican convention of the district some time ago and had withheld his final decision until yes- terday. He gave business commitments as his reason for declining. Mr. Slemp's decision, it is believed, pr: tically ends chance of the Republl carrying that district next November. Representative Shaffer, Republican, who was swept into office in the Hoover landslide in 1928, also has declined to run. e e The Repubicans apparently have not been able to consolidate the gains made by them in Dixieland in 1928. There was much talk a year ago of building up & real Republican party in the South following the victory of the G. O. P. national ticket in four of the States of the Demicratic “solid South” and | the election of a number of members of the House in Virginia, North Carolina and Kentucky. The chances now ap- pear that the Democrats will regain practically all, if not all, of the States they lost in these regions two years ago. The rout of the Republicans in the South began in Virginia a year ago when the coalition between the G. O. P. and the anti-Smith Democrats failed to make any headway at all. Ever since the Virginia State election the swing back to the regular Democratic organi- zation in the South has become more and more pronounced. The success of the regular Democrats in disciplining Senator Furnifold M. Simmons of North Carolina for his opposition to the Smith-Robinson ticket two years ago is one of the latest evidences of the gath- ering strength of the old Democratic organization of the South, which has held that section of the country in line ever since the days of the reconstruc- tion until the debacle of 1928. * k% % During the coming month the Demo- crats of Texas, one of the four States which went Republican in the last presidential election, are to try their hand at dealing with the leading “bolter” there, State Senator Thomas B. Love, former Democratic national committeeman of the Lone Star State. Love is a candidate for the Democratic nomination for governor. In August, the Democrats of Alabama will hold a primary and Senator “Tom"” Heflin will not be permitted to run because of his desertion of the party’s national ticket two years ago. In November they will strive to beat Heflin running as an in- dependent Democrat for the Senate. Despite Senator Heflin's undoubted campaign abilities, it looks now as though the regulars might be able to take his measure. Certainly they have been greatly encouraged by the result of the senatorial primary held recently in North Carolina. If the Republican party has gained in the South becauge of changes in the industrial and economic conditions in that section of the country, as has been claimed, these gains have been jolted by the financial and business depression that has stirred the country during the last eight months. This depression has been a real hlndicag to the Republic- ans. And the South appears to have returned to the old “one party” idea pretty eflectulily.‘ * Mayor Broening of Baltimore, candi- date for the Republican gubernatorial nomination in Maryland, may cause Gov. Ritchie some worry if Broening Is nominated. His election as mayor of the Democratic stronghold of Maryland was one of the sensations of that day. Gov. Ritchie is widely popular in his State. But his tenure of office has lasted for many years and critics say that apparently it is the purpose of the governor and his friends to make it a life job for him. As a matter of fact, the decision of Gov. Ritchie to seek re- election as Governor of Maryland has | been construed in many quarters to | mean that the governor intends to make a strong bid for the Democratic nomination for President in 1932, The Democratic party nominated a “wet” in 1928, and notwithstanding the fact he was defeated, Gov. Smith polled more than 15,000,000 votes, a greater vote than any Democrat, victor or van- quished, ever polled before. Gov. Ritchie has been preaching State's rights and the return of the control of the liquor traffic to States year in and year out. He and his friends loyally supported Al Smith in his efforts first to be nominated for President and then in the campaign for election. Ritchie is believed to have had his eye on the year 1932 for a long time. It will be | strange if there is not a strong effort | made to bring about his nomination at | the next Democratic national conven- | tion. Whether the Democrats will | agree to take another wet presidential | candidate for their standard bearer re- mains to be seen. The prohibition squarely across the party lines today. Not a little will depend upon the way sentiment develops throughout the country in regard to na- tional prohibition. * koK % ! The Democratic party is dry today !in the South. Beyond the confines of Dixieland, however, the party shows a | preponderance of wet sentiment. This is true even in States of the West, which has been considered arid territory. The | truth of the matter is that m many | of the Western States the Democratic | party has been flat on its back in re- ! cent years, and those who have re- | mained faithful are many of them wet. | Al Smith had the support for the presi- dential nomination in 1928 of practi- cally all of the Western Democratic In the North and East, the Democratic party is admittedly wet, for example in New York, in Pennsylvania, where the State convention recently adopted a wet platform; in Massachusetts, in Rhode Island and in Connecticut, not | to mention New Jersey. Unless the na- | tional party is ready to take a presi- dential candidate from the South, the Democrats are likely to have a wet can- didate. That appears to be the logic of the situation. It is true that there are outstanding Democrats from the West who are dry, one of them being Senator Thomas J. Walsh of Montana. | | But it is quite clear that if the Demo- | crats of the South decide to kick in | with the Western States, they will stand | to lose, in all probability, a lot of sup- | port in the big, populous East and North. The Democrats are doing their best to keep away from these troubles at this time, however, and are centering their fire on gaining as many | seats in Congress as possible. A wet Democrat in Congress is just as much of an opponent of the Republican enemy as is a Democrat. * %k ok Up in New York a movement to draft former Senator James W. Wads- he Republican candidate for governor this Fall seems to be on the increase. The wet Republicans in New York were tremendomsly en- couraged by the overwhelming victory of Dwight W. Morrow in the recent Republican senatorial primary in New Jersey. Mr. Wadsworth has becn an opponent of the eighteenth amerdment ce the days before the amerdment became part of the Constitution. He voted against i& as a member of the Senate. The New York Republicans believe that they have in Senator Wadsworth not only an outstanding wet, but also a man of great abllity, Senator Wadsworth's defeat for re- election to the Senate brought to an end, at least temporarily, a career in the public service which promised to go_far. The New York Senator’s definite announcement in favor of re- al of the eighteenth amendment dur- g his last campaign brought down the wrath of the Anti-Saloon League and the indetwndem drys in New York. They put an independent Republican delegations at the Houston convention. | ates of the | BY FREDERIC ‘This newspaj its at n per pul mm ington, who will answer questions for . They have access to the Govern- ’-o:lm &Pln’ ments, the libraries, mu- seums, galleries and public buildings, ton, D. . Of what nationality is Ruth Chat- | uewn‘ who pla) in “Sarah and| . L. A. Miss Chatterton is an American, In the picture entitled “Sarah and Son the character she EI-M called for a foreign accent. It is said that she ac- uired the accent for this picture under of Mme. Schumann- e direction Heink. Q. To what extent have the chain drug stores injured the trade of inde- pendent drug stores?—O. C. 8. A, While the drug-store chains are ‘growing rapidly, over 60 per cent of the business is being done by independents. Q. Who flnt,—allnd "-hu' phrase, “The Lord's Supper” . B. F. A 8t Boul gave this name to the commemorative ordinance instituted by Christ upon the evening preceding His crucifixion. Q. What are some of the fabulous birds of prey?—B. M. T. . AAmhbG the best known of the fabulous birds of prey were the roc, which was a bird so_enormous that it obscured the sun where it flew and carried away men in its talons; phoenix, which was a bird with a beau- tiful voice and a Idng tall like a m'-l cack’s, which was supposed to rise the ashes of fire; and the harpy, which was & terrible bird with a woman's face and breast and great claws like an englcd which pursued men who had sinned. . To which college did Louis Bam- r and his sister give $5,000,000 re: cently?—C. E. B. A. Probably your reference is to an initial gift of Mr. Bamberger, retired head of L. Bnnlmgr & Co., Newark, and his sister, Mrs. Felix Fuld, to estab- lish an educational foundation to be known as the Institute for Advanced Study. The ‘Institute will be established in Newark, or its vicinity, exclusively for post-graduate work and sclentific research. It will train advanced stu- dents for and beyond degrees of doctor of philosophy or other profes- sional degrees of equal standing. 3 Abraham Flexner wil be the first direc- tor of the foundation, which will be co- educational and will accept all races and creeds who meet with its qualifica- tions. Q. When is infantile paralysis most prevalent?—8. C. M. A. From_about June 1 until the first Q. ber is most valent. The number cases in this period will be approximate- ly 1,000 per cent greater n in the ‘Winter months. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS the - week in December infantile p‘nln:‘a the J. HASKIN. says that contentiousness, water tem- iture, the angler's skill, tempting t and sheer perversity as well as ap- g‘eme cause fish to decide whether to te or not to bite. The pugnacity of some species cause them to strike at objects that get in their way, is governed to a great extent by tem- perature . and it is well known that fish are more or less inactive when 10 | the water temperature is low, requiring little food at such times. During the mfifl' months they take practically nol Q. Did the convict who told about the prison fire at Columbus over the radio get any money?—8. T. G. A. Convict No. 46812, who broadeast the vivid description of the Ohio Peni- tentiary fire from inside the grotinds, was malled a $500 check for his “sympathetic and accurate word pie ture of the holocat ‘The check was sent by Willlam 8. Paley, president of the Columbia Broadcasting System, which put the unnamed prisoner on the air through its national network. Q. How is the word “digit” used in astronomy?—yJ. H. A. The Naval Observatory says the word “digit” (Latin digitus) means as® mumlel;l‘y the twelfth part of the diameter the sun or moon and was formerly used to express the magnitude of an eclipse. The word is now obsolete in this connection, ’ Q. Are many accidents the result of cars not being kept in repair?—F. H. W. . Aceording to a report of the Na- tional Conference on Highway Safety, out of 33,060 traffic fatalities which o curred in the United States last year, about 15 per cent was due to defects in motor vehicles. These defects, it was said, are largely attributable to im- proper maintenance by the automobile owner and to the use of superannuated cars, Q. Please give a brief account of Mme. de Stael's girlhood.—B. W. L. A. Anne louise Germaine Necker, Baronne de Stael-Holstein, was born, at Paris, April 22, 1766. Her father was the famous financier, Necker, Her mother was Suzanne Curchod. She was & plain child, but a coquette and desirous of prominence and attention. Excessive study and intellectual excite- ment injured her health, which was improved by the family's removal to Coppet, her father's estate on the Lake of Geneva. In 1 Mille. Necker pub- lished a novel, “Sophie,” and in 1790, a tragedy, “Jeanne Gray.” Her first marriage was to Eric Magnus, Baron of Stael-Holstein, first an attache of the Swedish legation and later Minister. She was 20 at the time and her hus- band 37. Q. How many weddings have taken place in the Little Church Around thes Corner in New York City?—V. 8. A. In the 82 years of its existence 50,000 marriages have been celebrated Te. prn ' Q. Is George Washington's birth- place still standing?—B. C. uw ashing- There is . Why do fish bite?—A. H. 2 American Forests and Forest ul_e A. Wakefield, the place of ton’s birth, was destroyed. movement to construct a house along similar lines upon the same spot. Hoover Stateme ‘The signing of the new tariff bill the statement of g his rea- ing. There are strong dif- ferences of o as to the corrective value of the restoration of business activity, as the effect of the tariff in view of the rotests from other countries and as o the results from the farmers' stand- int. po"!xperlenee has taught the Jub\lc." says the New York Sun, “to discount much of the sound and fury with which the making of a new tariff bill is inevi- tably attended. ‘Tumultuous words about foreign discontent with our tariff, the hints of reprisals which we have been getting in the last few months, the American people have heard many times before. 8o far as business in E‘::enl is concerned, its chief hope has n that something would soon be done, one wl"t or another, to end its long uncertainty.” Speaking for -the tion to the measure, the Ann Arl Daily News finds “plenty of evidence that lobbyists have made their influence felt,” and it holds that iven little direct attention.” The At- lanta Journal contends that it is “a product not of scientific 1n?u'y and constructive statesmanship. but of pet! intriguing and short-sighted greed. That paper adds that “while helping particular interests and certain groups of manufacturers, it will hurt American industry as a whole and will cripple our foreign trade at the very time we are in urgent need of freer and wider | markets abroad.” ok k% Discussing the flexible provision, the Hartford Courant states: “In the cir- cumstances, the tariff cannot be said to be a closed matter and a closed issue. If the President adheres to his apparent intentions, the conclusion of the legis- lation by merely paved the way for the President and Tarif Commission t6 reopen the whole sub- ject. With what success they will pro- ceed in the undertaking which the President has foreshadowed remains to be seen.” “It is quite understandable” thinks the Detroit Free Press, “that in some directions tariffs on foreign manufac- tured goods have been placed too high, but it also is easy to belleve that the errors in that direction have been greatly exaggerated.” The Lincoln State Journal concedes that “the tariff has been abused” through ‘“numerous com- | promises,” but concludes that “the vir- tues of the new bill should be con- uld‘e‘red I|Onl‘ with l:t‘ vlfes, while ‘weighing opinion uj value.” Advantages in the flexible provision are emphasized by the Adrian Duk:f with comments on progress “if the flexible provisions oper- ate as the President feels they will.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer asserts, to. this feature, that “in practice the | experience of seven years indicates it is a snare and delusion.” | dry in the field and threw the election to Senator Wagner, a Democratic wet. Apparently their effort was to ham- stri EWIleDrth, beligving that some day he might be a presidential possi- bility. They tried to do the same thing in New Jersey the other day to Mr. Mor- row, but failed dismally. Mr. Morrow, however, had the support of thousands of dr‘ Republicans in the primary fight, and his great victory should not bé at- tributed to his stand on the prohibition issue, although that doubtless helped to swell the total of his vote. wok Morrow had the back of the Re- publican State organization leaders. ‘There was much talk just before the primary that these leaders might “throw” Mr. Morrow, because of fi- Sreanization. do '“‘&“’““;m'“‘ me on_does n« e e t.hhnv. way. ltt: m”w. delphia when the Grun lupnrkn were broadcasting the report that the Vare organization would sell out Secretary James J. Davis. In one county, Essex County, however, the Republican leader, ' Jesse Salmon, was su) g Freling- huysen and stuck to former Sen- ator. Morrow carried Essex County with a vote of 77,318 to 22,132 for Fort and 11461 for Frelinghuysen. The leader could not deliver for Mr. Freling- ible provision, as to the | b to|any President. “the consumer was |all nt Linked With Tariff Bill in Debate after Congress is the sub-| with faint praise,” in the opinion of ject o?ul“n‘;mbtzd debate, in which a|the ning Post, whicl study of the measure itself is combined nder the new bill the President can ocorrect objectionable rates. One gathers that Mr. Hoover in- tends to correct them when they need it. Perhaps his intentions are good, ut the task is next to impossible for There _are too many thlnrl in the Hawley-Smoot bill that need correction at the start. Not many le are going to forgive the Repub- ican party for this tariff simply be- cause the President has the flexible provision.” That the measure is unfavorable to the farmers is argued by the Davenport Democrat, the Chattanooga Times and the Saginaw Dally News. The Little Rock Arkansas Democrat replies to the President: “He tells us that the farm will benefit. He will, on some comi- modities that he sells, but he will be forced to give back his gains when he purchases other commodities.”” Th New Bedford Standard points out tha “a veto would have ended uncertainty, s well as approval,” and the St. Paul Ploneer Press insists that Mr. Hoover “has disappointed not only the agri- cultural interests of the Northwest, but commercial interests whose pros- perity rests on agriculture.” That paper adds that “it would have been far bet- ter for the country and for America’s foreign trade if President Hoover had announced that he would veto this worst of tariff bills.” *xox “A great disappointment to mil- lions” in the Hoover announcement is voiced by the Chattanooga News, caliing while the Port- land Oregon Journal denounces “a dic- tatorship by those States having thé most wealth,” and the Ml kee Jour- nal gives its view of the situation: “We embark on the experiment of liffing ourselves by our boot straps, setting the whole world against us, setting other nations to devising ways to keep Ameri- can goods out of their markets, raising prices to our own people and hopli that somehow this scheme will work ‘The Democratic party can take this issue and g) before the country on it and win,” in the judgment of the Roa- noke World-News. Other papers which condemn the tariff bill are the Asbury Park Press, the Columbus Ohio State Journal, the Loulsville Courier-Journal, the Richmond News Leader, the Newark Evening News, the Oklahoma City Ol homan, the Hamilton Evening Jouin and the Asheville Times. The Worth Record-Telegram argues, “The Republicans haven't kept any other campaign promises of 1928, but . have kept the faith with tariff revision —only ‘ " was that demanded by g};e;;fl.grhesu l?fmhmd the party, instead e ultimate consumers out e e at business recovery is to be achieved now that the mnflryhu been disposed of, as suggested by the| President, is expressed by the Los An- les Expre: e Cleveland News, thel ort Huron Herald, the Connellsville| Courfer, the Geneva Daily Times and the Albany Evening News. The Worces-} ‘Telegram states “will certainly relie the state of uncertainty” and that powers of the measure to produce efit must be determined, as have the of the bills in the past, by test.” “‘President Hoove: the matter of the tari; Charlotte Observer, “is one shared in the country at large. It is because troublesome subject is out of the han of Congress and that business commerce at last may settle down wit some definite notion as to what is ide them.” The Providence Jou agrees with this stand. Recognition that such a bill must the product of compromise or “logr\,} Ing” is given by the San Franci Chronicle, the Topeka Daily Capif and the Cincinnati Times-Star. Fort Wayne News-Sentinel holds thaf agriculture is the chief beneficiary, the San Antonio ress sees gains truck growers and stockmen. ‘.Genenlh tiafs over attested by the Tribune and the Rutland Herald. for good results is held by the S; Herald and the Flint Dally J The _belief that only time can is offered by the Indianapolis Star an the Rock Island Argus. Prediction r.olmul retribution in case of faflu made by the Scranton Times ang Atlanta Constitution, while the Sche. huysen, because of the tremendous popu- larity of Mr. Morrow. nectady Gazette and Mnrg:n!own the minion-News hasize fit Such punishment for possibie faiiire.

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