Evening Star Newspaper, June 14, 1930, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. BATURDAY.......June 14, 1930 Editor THEODORE W. NOYES. — N Comj 2nd Pennsylvania Ave ce: 111 4 g0 Office: Lake Michiran Buildiis. pean Office, 14 Regent St.. London, 0y A Rate by Carrier Within the City. | c per month | i +80¢ per month 65¢ per month unday St c Collection made st the end rders may Be sent in by mal Ational 500D, Rate by Mail—Payable in Alzvlm.. 1 Er’"lu""omy : All Other States and Canada. {ly and Sunday..]yr. $17. mo., $1.00 ily_ only - inday only 197 788100: 1 mo., 1yr., 3500 1mo. Member of the Assoclated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled $o the use for republication of w1l d s paper and also the local ublished herein Al rights of Bublication of #pecial dispatches herein are also ieserved. -— The President on the Treaty. In the final sentence of a statement issued yesterday regarding the .naval treaty now pending before the Senate, the President met squarely and effec- tively an objection that has been raised to the treaty by some of the opponents to its ratification. He said: “There is not one scintilla of agreement or obli- gation of any character outside the treaty itself.” ‘This means explicitly just what the President said, that whatever there is ©f agreement, of limitation, of under- standing between the powers signatory to the treaty lies in the instrument. There are no hidden compacts, no se- eret agreements, no implied obligations beyond the text. As in his final sentence the Presi- dent specifically quashes an indictment ©f the treaty brought by its foes, so in his first sentence he clears the air of any possible misunderstanding re- garding what the treaty does, in fact, accomplish for the United States. The real issue, he says, is whether we shall stop competitive naval bullding with all the destruction and dangers to interna- tional good will which continuation on these courses implies. Then he points out that the treaty prevents the neces- sity of spending an enormous sum in & race to catch up with competitors, with no assurance that we will reach parity and proportionate strength even with such an, expenditure. He sets forth that this present agreement gives us a substantial parity and proportion- ate strength and therefore with our Army absolute defensive power. This 18 accomplished by an agreement which makes for good will and, for a decrease in the naval armament of the world, and which puts our program of naval renewals and cruiser construction at a cost far less than would otherwise be required. The program is to let Congress ad- Journ upon the conclusion of its pres- ent legislative schedule, then to call the Senate in extra session to consider the treaty. There will be no adjourn- ment without action. There must be & cotnt of hands this Summer, and the sooner the better. There is’ no earthly reason for honest misunder- standing of the treaty, nor for opposi- tion to it when its purposes and its possibilities for the national and in- ternational welfare are measured. | Punishment by Extra Duty. Granting that fines for trifling of- fenses are apt to hurt the policeman’s family more than they hurt the police- man, the Trial Board's experiment in swarding hours of extra duty to erring policemen in lieu of the fines is not & good thing from the standpoint of the public nor should it be retained as a form of disciplinary punishment. A policeman’s tour of duty in patrol- ling a beat or regulating traffic should never be lowered to the plane of pun- ishment for an offense. The Army, as Gen. Crosby of course knows, does not permit a prisoner to perform guard duty or to go on parade or in any way to mix his duties as a soldier with' extra duties imposed as punishment. If policemen are to be punished by extra duty, the extra duty should take some form akin to the traditional “kitchen police.” There are probably many odd jobs about a precinct station, such as sweeping or painting or shining the brass work, that could be made the lot ©of those who otherwise might be liable to a trivial fine. A policeman doing traffic duty as a penalty is apt to fall into the state of mind of any human being who is being punished. Certainly the dignity of his Position suffers. The Trial Board should drop this form of punishment. — e Authorlties are in earnest about glearing out Chicago gangsters. The ' conscientipus reporter whose death arouses sweeping resentment has, though not consclous of the fact, filled the greatest assignment of his career. e r———— A little more experience should en- able students of the New York stock market to admit, once and for all, that it is impossible to foresee the ccuses ©or the extent of variations in prices. ——————— Senator-Joseph T. Robinson. Senator Joseph Taylor Robinson of Arkansas, Democratic leader of the, Senate, has been challenged for his, Senate seat by Thomas W. Campbell. | Mr. Campbell, who at one time served @s State chairman for the Democrats in Arkansas and also sought on occa- sion to defeat the late Representative William Oldfield for the House, has been actively eampaigning for the pri- mary election, which takes place August 12. Senator Robinson for many months has been either in Washington attend- ing to his duties as Senator and Demo- cratic leader or in London, where he served as & member of the American delegation to the Naval Conference. At present, however, Senator Robinson is in his home State and it is to be pre- sumed that he will look to his political | leave the Senatorial roster. fences while he is there. To the Democrat—and Ao the Repub- lcan—outside of Arkansas the defeat of Senator Robinson, provided it could be -accomplished, would appear to be a ridic- years ago he was the vice presidential candidate of the Democratic party. To send & new man to the Senate in place of Senator Robinson, a “freshman” in that body where strong position and leadership are won usually after years of service, would be to reduce the influence of the State of Arkansas in the Senate and in the fleld of national politics by a large margin, The leadership of Senator Robinson on the Democratic side of the Senate *hamber, whether it be approved as good political strategy or not, has been a real leadership, forceful and well sustained. Nor has he been guided alone by parti- sanship in the position of leader of the Democratic party in the Senate. He has acted frequently in the interest of expe- diting legislation, when it h: ppeared almost impossible to bring about agree- ment because of conflicting desires in the Senate. His leadership along these lines has been decidedly constructive, When Senator Robinson went to London as a member of the American delegation to the Naval Conference he went as an American. He demonstrated his position at the conference again and again, and when an agreement was reached which he considered just and advantageous from the American point of view, he concurred in it. His serv- ice as & member of the delegation to the Naval Conference is by no means the least of his services for Nation and State. Opportunity for Mediation. In answer to & question at the White House newspaper conference yesterday, the President expressed the opinion that he anticipates some solution of the District bill difficulties that will not disable the District. As far as known, he has taken no action in the matter. ‘Whatever he might do would probably be confined to suggesting to the con- gressional leaders that they reconctle their differences and pass the bill be- fore the end of the session and not re- sort to the drastic and dangerous ex- pedient of continuing the current ap- propriations. This last would put the District a full year behind in construc- tion work. The District is far énough behind as it is. ~ It so happens that the President of the United States is about the only one whose friendly intervention might offer any hope of ending the impasse be- tween the House and the Senate. And conditions certainly demand that the differences be mediated. ‘The only sensible way of bringing the District. bill out of the deadlock is a compromise between the conflicting views of the House and the Senate. The position of the House conferees is un- tenable from every reasonable stand- point. The Senate has offered two methods of compromise. The House has turned them both down and is will- ing to jeopardize the bill by stubbornly holding out for its own contention in its fullness, _ The President’s well established views as to the efficacy of fact finding com- missions. to investigate controversial subjects and suggest formuias for their settlement are well known. Here is a condition, pleasing to no one, that invites the inquiry of a fact finding commission. The only objection to such a commission les with those same men who now refuse to talk com- promise on the District bill. ‘The reasonable way out of this dead- lock, however, is compromise for the time being, leaving the fundamental issues that divide House and Senate to & settlement based on facts that will be accepted as facts by everybody. —— v — Assuring Capital Development. Final enactment of the Cramton bill assures the local park development, but leaves the great development outside of Washington up to the States of Mary- land and Virginia, as the Federal par- ticipation outside of the District is con- tingent upon their action. For this reason it would be an excellent idea to form some closely knit committee, representing the park commissions of the two States and the National Capital Park and Planning Commission and including in its membership some of the Congressmen who have taken a leading part in the legislation up to this time, or who represent the States concerned. E The Cramton bill is not, of course, a Jocal measure, nor are its benefits con- fined to the States. It was not conceived as anything but a natfonal program for the beautification of the National Capital. It is important that its pro- visions be carried out, but now that the national legislature has committed the Federal Government to its part, the State legislatures must do their part or the purposes of the bill will have failed. As everybody knows, this will require constant pushing. Such things are pot carried through by their own momen- tum. The legislatures and the taxpayers of the Statcs must be convinced that the money they invest in beautifying the areas adjacent to Washingon is well spent. A select committee, representing the various agencles involved and possibly headed by the President of the United States, would doubtless accomplish much to bring about realization of the | great dreams for the future of the Federal cit; ————— When a Senator wants to know all about preliminary treaty work, he faces various opinions, some that he is a slave to duty and others that he is a victim of idle curiosity. e Oratory is taking on so much in- vective that it is feared the popular taste for genial after-dinner speaking will be irretrievably spoiled. ——or—s—— It needed disaster caused by an ofl :ship to make the horrors of the sea described by the ancient mariner pale into comparative insignificance. £ AR Y Good-By, Goose! There will be different opinions: in Washington sbout the latest “trade” that has just been announced by the base ball club representing this city in the American League. There will be those who are sorry to see “Goose” Goslin, who is perhaps the most pic- turesque performer in the local ranks, And there will be those who are glad to welcome ! back to the Capital “General” Alvin Crowder, pitcher of merit. The inclu- sion of the veteran Heinie Manush, wulous move on the part of the voters of his own State. For seventeen years Mr. massive slugger, as an outfielding equiv- ' THE EVENING mark. He is one of those provoking players who are capcble of great per- formances and of poor ones, according to temperament. He can hit a ball very far and very hard and but for a dis- position to slump now and then would be a rival to Ruth in his home-run clouting. Just why a ball player slumps in hitting is one of the mysteries of the game. Last year Goslin was in ah all- season slump. This year a stimulus was offered in the form of a bonus in case his record at the bat was satisfactory. But even that inducement has not thus far brought him out of the doldrums into the “three hundred class.” In St. Louis he may snap out of his lapses at the bat and flail the ball sensa- tionally. That is the way with base ball trades. 1t is one of the gambles that worry managers and make them gray-haired before their time. ‘This trade is evidence of a determina- tion on the part of Manager Johnson to build up the team to championship capacity by any possible method. Just at present the American League race is in a very intcresting state. Washing- ton, after leading for a time wilth & con- siderable margin, has slipped a bit and is now in third place, but only seven points behind the leader and three points behind the second team. A mere matter of a “half game” separates the Senators from the top, while close be- hind, two and a hall games away, come the Yankees, making @ first-division huddle that has rarely been equaled in the history of the sport. In these con- ditions every base hit, and especially every home run, counts heavily for success. L R o Make July 5 a Legal Holiday! A bill is pending in the House of Representatives, having passed the Sen- ate, declaring July 5, 1930, a legal holi- day in the District of Columbia. It ‘was introduced jointly in the two houses a few weeks ago, was approved by the District Commissioners and by the Senate committee on District affairs, and then, on the passage of the Senate bill, by the House committee. There is, as the Commissioners state in their report on the measure, no objection to its passage. It should and probably will be passed finally before adjourn- ment in season to be effective. ‘The reason for this measure is that this year Independence day falls on Friday. It is the general custom in such circumstances to make the day following a holiday, particularly for banking and general business purposes. Saturday, especially in Summer time, is & half day only in ordinary condi- tions. The banks are in an especiafly difficult position on a Saturday follow- ing & legal holiday. There is little or no business for transaction, but they must keep their doors open and their organization fully geared. They cannot, like mercantile establishments, suspend operations in the absence of a statutory enactment., 8o this present measure is designed to enable the banks to close as well as the business houses and the Government departments and the Dis- trict offices, without any question as to the legality of the action. In 1925 Christmas fell on Priday and on the 22d of December Congress ap- proved a joint resolution declaring De- cember 26 of that year a legal holiday in the District. This precedent is war- rant for similar action this year, ————— As a kindly disposed person Al Smith may be relied on never to show the slightest symptom of satisfaction over the manner in which the North Caro- lina veteran, Senator Simmons, guessed wrong, even though he kept away from a loser. - C e ‘Whatever objection may be made to heavy campaign expenditures, it has be- come generally understood that the game of politics as played in Pennsyl- vania never discloses any white chips. —————— Among some statesmen prohibition is & principle. Amcng others it is some- thing to talk about in avoidance of more difficult toplcs. England is mistress of the seas—aware, however, that every mistress may find.it expedient at some time to publish a “Help wanted” notice. ———— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Old Friend Policeman. 0ld Priend Policeman used to say In days that are agone ‘When groups of lads would idly stay, “Move on, me b'ys; move on!" They'd even call themselves a gang In a dime novel style. They jested some and maybe sang And only brought a smile, That OId Policeman is no more. His gentle sway is done, Where he just said “Move on” of yore ‘The copper grabs a gun. He wears a look exceeding grim. His smile is very small, And if you mention “gang” to him, He sends a riot call. Cross and Double Cross. “A man in your responsible position has his cross to bear.” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum, “and a lot of double crosses besides.” Jud Tunkins says hay never gets so scarce and expensive that hay fever ceases to exist. Humsn Faults. A politician scores mistakes. The voters throw him in reverse And boost another one who makes New blunders that are nu\\er worse. Improvements. “You have & new hotel in Crimson Gulch?” “Yes,” answered Cactus Joe. of ‘if you can manage it.” “He who eooks his own dinner,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “may feel the lack of ceremony, but he will never grow hungry.” Fruit Fallure. Adam from Eden had to'gol Eve’s apple all his hopes dikpersed. He said, “Of all the world will show, alent for Goslin adds numerically to |v,hc advantage of the trade for Wash- This fruit crop failure is the worst.” “Even & lazy man work,” said Uncle Eben, “but he ts it done by ramehady alsa STAR, WASHINGTOM ATURDAY, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ‘This column as long as four years ago predicted the return of the cheap book, cheap in price, not in quality or printing. ‘Today that prophecy stands an ac- complished fact, as publishers every- chased of the elder authors and is more often sold in sets than not. Nowadays the world is more sharply split on Dickens than it used to be For many years after the death of that writer his novels were an accepted part where turn to the “dollar book” as their | f culture, both in England and the hope of salvation in a highly competi- tive world. a purchaser | United States. ‘Today there has arisen a distinct cult against all things Victorian, includ- of a certain|ing the stories of the master novelist. Many popular detective story by a well known | But it will be discovered that thou- writer paid $2, or $2.50, we forget which, M: ;I{\d it available to later purchasers at $1. ‘The writer here only a few months ago paid $5 for a certain biography, to | way sands of readers do not subscribe to these tenets, but go right ahead read- ing as they please. Reading as one pleases is the only to read, after all. It is well to have the pleasure of watching other | listen to the advice of others, but when readers purchase exactly the same book | one carries it too far he ends by hav- the next week for $1. ik Xk Our next prophecy is this: ‘That the book sei will come back. i 1mg no mind of his own, as the say- n in bookdom, means to read an author be- For several years sets of authors have | cause that author's books please one. been in_eclipse. Proprietors ‘They may not tickle the fancy of Bill of bookstores declared | Smith, or Tom Jones, but that makes that the book-buying public no longer | little difference, after all. went in for sets of Dickens, or Scott, or Conrad, or Voltaire, or Thackeray. * %k & ‘The open. mind finds good in Dick- The consequence was that séts quictly | ens—also it finds little good—depend- disappeared from the shelves of many of the book stores, They still were to be found, of course, in second-hand places, as later generations disposed of them. * ‘The readers of one age do not al- ways produce the readers of the next. Many & young man or WOmAn, on grow- ing up, has found himself possessed of some remarkably fine sets which he never read. ' ‘These were promptly sent to the second-hand book store for what they would bring, which usually was precious little. The end of families, too, brought many a set into other hands. ok oK % After all, what is more pleasurable than a good set of some good author? ‘We would go as far as to say that one can scarcely claim to be a full- fledged booklover until he has several sets in his home. One runs the risk of dogmatism, of course, in saying so much, but dogm: tism has its good points. It at least shows honest conviction, ‘There are all sorts of booklovers in the world, of course, running from the man with a beautiful library, housed in & room with cases extending to the ceil- ing, to the young fellow who does not own a book to his name. ‘The latter, however, when he gets a little money, will buy himself some books, and the chances are very large that when he gets a little more he will buy himself a set of the books of some distinguished author. * Kk ok % There is no greater pleasure in book- dom than contemplating the new set which one has just installed in his library. . Here one is at the entrance to a beautiful valley. Before him stretches a prospect both pleasing and exciting, and hundreds of beauties yet remain to be seen. A set of books is not something which can be got through with overnight. That is one of its great charms. It is no magazine, to be looked at carelessly and thrown aside. ‘The purchaser has paid real money for it, and he proposes to get his money’s worth. It is sadly true that most of us in this world little value anything which comes to us without effort. We have to pay, in soms way or other, before we appreciate. * X % % A set of the works of Charles Dickens may be held up as the standard, for he still remains the most widely pur- ing upon the temperament of the in- dividual reader. If one is able to find entertainment in Dickens, a complete set of him should be the corner stone of the home library. We have been into hundreds of homes and always have looked at the book- cases, and have been amazed at the number of times we discovered sets of Dickens, p It may be a very old set, but there always was something comfortable looking about it. These were books meant to be read and invariably showed the marks of having been read, too. Scott is another author once circu- lated widely in the form of “complete works.” Sir Walter, too, underwent a period of slander and mild vilification, but that day is happily over, and most readers, even the sophisticated, are coming "o see that there is much good and beauty in his grand series of novels, * K ko We have named novelists because there is some peculiar relationship be- tween the born story teller and & com- plete set of his books. Once a reader gets a good taste of an author, and likes it, he finds himself consumed with a hankering for the re- mainder. This is an appetite which will only be satisfied by more of the same. We knew a sallor once who made it a point to read the complete works of some author on every voyage. Thus he went through Bulwer-Lytton, on an- other voyage Victor Hugo, and on a third the grand series of the “Human Comedy” of ‘Balzae. The one danger which the average reader runs with a set is to indulge too heavily. Intemperance is intemperance, even with books. The pure spirit of the printed word will not save one from mental indigestion, if he insists on plunging in without regard to the eternal laws. ‘When one bears home a fine new set, therefore, he must make a mental re- solve not to go at the books too hammer and tongs. There will be plenty of time for him to finish those books. Nor, on the other hand, must he per- mit them to stand there unopened. It is true that the twenty or more volumes look very well there, in their uniform bindings, flashing with much gold. Each book will look better, however, in the hands of a reader, the proper place for a good book. The set will look even finer when the gloss is worn off its units by honest reading. No; Ml;ch Interest Shown In Demand for Treaty Facts Demands by certain members of the United States Senate, led by Senator Johnson of California, that the State Department furnish all the corre- spondence and exchanges with foreign governments relating to the naval treaty, has had only slight support from the blic. It is held generally that the treaty speaks for itself, and that the disclosure of confidential matters would embarrass this country in future negotiations. “After weeks of hearings upon the treaty, in two committees,” according to the Charlotte Observer, “Senator Johnson insists upon delving into the correspondence of the State Depart- ment, instead of studying the treaty itself. He cannot say more in two days than he can say in two minutes, that he is against the treaty. Senator Mc- Kellar, long before the London confer- ence ended its sitting, publicly urged the President call the American delega- tion hom¢. He was against the treaty before it was framed.” “Outery from certain quarters is in- tended to implant the suspicion that no information ¢f any kind would be withheld save thruugh sinister motives,” in the opinion of the Seattle Daily ‘Times, which adds as to the chief is- sues, “Virtually all of the people most concerned, the people of the United States, the British commonwealths and Japan, realize that the naval pact. while not as far-reaching as some of them had hoped for, is a long step in the right direction. ' They can under- stand how it may be subject to some professional and technical dispute, but they cannot be made to believe that they are in danger of betrayal at the hands of their most trusted leaders.” “Appointment of two Senators as members of the American delegation certainly represented an honest effort on the part of the administration to keep the Senate in touch with the ne- gotiations,” avers the Rochester Times- Union, h the further declaration that “as Secretary Stimson says, the country can be committed to nothing beyond what the treaty itself specifically states.” “President Hoover conceals mnothing which it would be in the public inter- est to reveal. The country will indbrse his reticence,” asserts the Hartford Times, with the contention that “if a contrary precedent should be estab- lished, no nation would dare intrust the confidences of its plenipotentiaries with the representatives of our Government.” In opposition to the position of the administration, the Chicago Daily Tribune remarks: “In withholding some of the documents, Secretary Stim- son says he is aware that opponents will infer that this course is taken to cover secret agreements or mistakes, but that such an inference is nonsense, there being nothing to cover. Mr. Stim- son is right in thinking that there must be some such inference whether it is warrantd or not, and to understand’ it he has only to consider the circum- stances of treaty making. * * * The expert opinion of the Navy was discour- aged before missed during it. The American big cruiser program was whittled from 23 to 21 to 18 to 15. Japan was boosted out of its Washington ratio, The great majority of American naval authorities oppose the ‘treaty before the Senate. In view of these facts, Mr. Stimson must be prepared to find that the withholding of the complete record is regarded as significant.” ““The suspicion is that the ‘irreducible minimum’ of twenty-one 8-inch-gun cruisers, recommended by the board of the Navy," states the Manchester Union, “was reduced, before the confer- ence began, to the 18 which the treaty provides. Many naval experts declare that this reduction -leaves the United States in an unfavorable position in relation to Great Britaln and Japan, This point is vital to the discussion of the treaty, and although the memo- randum bearing on some of the infor- mation which the Senate committee has requested may be considered by the administration as meeting the request, it has not proved satisfactory in re- moving the suspicion. Both thé com- mittee and the public have a know whether or not this the conference and dis- | right to | the blind. change of who have no erasers. policy was made previous to the con- ference. * * The American public will always consider it a fly in the oint- ment that the Senate committee is re- fused the information it asks.” “That the treaty speaks for itself,” without additional statements, is the judgment of the Detroit Free Press and the Indianapolis Star, while the Baltimore Sun advises that the Secre- tary’s reply “ought to dispose of the matter to the satisfaction of sensible people who have any sppreciation of the realities of such conference: The Bloomington Pantagraph points out that “it seems that Secretary Stimson was following the precedents set by President Washington and President Harding when he told the Senate com- mittee that ‘the question whether this treaty is or is not in the interest of the United States and should or should not be ratified by the Senate must be de- termined from the language of the document itself.” “Snooping by the Senate” is con- demned by the Rockford Star, while the Milwaukee Journal holds that “we don't want to reach the stage where representatives of other countries, sit- ting down to conference with our Am- bassadors, will feel compelled to look under the chairs and under the table for hidden dictaphones.” “There is such a thing &s too open diplomacy,” concludes the Chicago Dally News. — et Politics Freedom Is Hoover Strength From the Cincinnati Times-Star. With men who think only in terms of politics, especially peanut politics, the President has net got along any too well, for their thinking and his are in_ different spheres, With all other sorts of men, he gets along more than well. The conferences with business leaders which he instituted as head of the Department of Commerce extended our exports and thereby provided a living for hundreds of thousands of American _families. The conference which he had with Ramsay Macdonald, on the Rapidan, issued in the London naval treaty. The conferences which he held with business and labor chiefs after the stock market collapse of last Fall minimized the shock to the Na- tion's industrial structure and still op- erate as a constructive force. The pub- lic addresses which from time to time he delivers show a real comprehension of popular psycholdgy, an ability to call forth a responsive chord from the un- derlying idealism of the American char- acter. The latest development in the inter- national fleld, as glimpsed in the visit of the President-elect of Colombia and the projected visit of the President- elect of Brazil, is gratifying, and while it may not be surprising to Herbert Hoover, it is to the rest of us. The country took it for granted that he toured the Latin Americas for & rest from campaign labors and to acquaint himself with their problems at first hand. It seems that he left a broad and friendly trail behind him, over which distinguished and _responsible men from the Southern continent are glad to travel on kindred missions of upderstanding. o There's a Difference. From the Omaha World-Herald. It is the season when it seems most &eodple are, graduating .or getting mar- ed. 7 o Quite True! From the Muncie Star. ‘This would be a much more interest- ing world if half of the class prophecies came true. — e ————— Commendable Suggestion. From the Charlotte News. Special cross-word the letters are “pe cardboard zzles in which . tnm;qunmoo:; made for use serve also thode E 14, 1930 THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover In “Hills and the Sea” Hilaire Belloc, trenchant, satirical critic and historian, always with definite sympathies and point of view, took a vacation and went rambling. The book is not a new one, but it is a good one to read at this time of year. With a friend Mr. Belloc did most of his rambling, over the hills and along coasts. A friend for such ad- ventures as he describes must be of the right sort, not just an estimable fellow, but incompatible. In opening his first essay Mr. Belloc delicately satirizes himself while he suggests the qualities of his friend. He says: “There were once two men. They were men of might and breeding. They were young, they were intolerant, they were hale. * * * ‘They loved each other like brothers, vet they quarrelled like Socialists. They loved each other because they had in common the bond of mankind; they quarrelled because they differed upon nearly all other things, The one was of the faith, the other most certainly was not. The one sang loudly, the other sweetly. The one was stronger, the other more cunning. * * * The one was indifferent to danger, the other forced himself at it. The one could write verse, the other was quite in- capable thereof. The one could read and quote Theocritus, the other read and quoted himself alone. The high gods had given to one judgment, to the other valour; but to both that measure of misfortune which is their gift to those whom they cherish. From ti last rroceeded in them both a great knowledge of truth and a defense of it, to the tedium of their friends; a devo- tion to the beauty of women and of this world; an outspoken hatred of cer- tain things and men, and, alas! a permanent sadness also. x ok x X ‘These two friends put out into the uncertain North Sea in a little boat only 25 feet long, a boat which had & bad disposition. Every part of her had some disability and she did everything wrong. She was possessed by a spirit of Erebus. So the first essay is called “The North Sea,” and the author of it might easily never have written it, for “the god called Aeolus, that blows from the northeast of the world (you may see him on old maps—it is a pity they don't put him on the modern), said to his friends: ‘I see a little boat. It is long since I sank one’; and all together they gave chase, like Imperialists, to destroy what was infinitely weak.” Another voyage in the Mttle boat was more peaceful, when he started out one morn- ing from South Goodwin Lightship, tired of drifting about in the ebb, and put his boat out to sea. In a light and steady breeze he sailed all morning, and about 2 o'clock, as he drank his wine and ate his bread and meat at the tiller, he saw, “through a thick haze of heat, * * * Griz-nez, a huge ghost, right up against and above me; and I wondered, for I had crossed the Chan- nel, now for the first time, and knew now what it felt like to see new land.” The glamour of the Channel and how much more glamourous it is when crossed in a small boat than in a large steamer, give the theme for the essay, “The Channel.” * K K K. A delightful group of the ewys“tell of experiences in the Pyrenees: “On ‘Mailles,” ‘The Pyrenean Hive,” “The ing of Dalua” “The Inn of the Margeride,” “The Cerdagne,” ‘“Carcas- sonne,” “Roncesvalles,” “The Canigou. How an attempt to cross the Pyrenees was thwarted is told in “The Wing of Dalua.” The two friends wished t, visit the valleys of Andorra, because “it, was secretly known to them that in this place there were no pictures, and that no one had praised its people, and, further, that no saint had ever troubled it.” They determined to go by no traveled path, but to march straight across the main range and thus to descend upon Andorra. . But the spirits of the mountain fastnesses were outraged at their insolence and threw a spell upon them which de- stroyed their sense of direction, so that they apparently went about in a circle and, after several days and nights of bewildered wandering and growing ter- ror, found themselves back in France, coming down into the very dale where they had begun their ascent.. The general contour of the Pyrenees is well described. “All the high valleys of mountains go in steps, but those of the Pyrenees in a manner more regular even than those of the Sierra Nevada out in California, which the Pyrenecs so greatly resemble. For the steps here are nearly always three in num- ber between the plain and the main chain, and each is entered by a regi lar gate of rock. So it is in the val of the Ariege, and so it is in that.of the Aston, and so it is in every othcr valley until you get to the far end, where live the cleanly but incompre- hensible Basques. Each of these steps is perfectly level, somewhat oval in shape, & mile or two, or sometimes five miles long, but not often a mile broad. Through each will run the river of the valley, and upon either side of it there will be rich pastures, and a high plain of this sort is called a jasse, the same as in California is called a ‘flat,’ as ‘Dutch Flat' ‘Poverty Flat’ and other famous flats.” * K K X “The Spirit of the Times"—not the present times, but the various times during the period 1543-1687—is an- alyzed in “A History of Modern Cul- ture,” by Preserved Smith, professor of history in Cornell University. Ideals of morals and ‘manners are shown to have undergone great changes. In fact, the author says that “every con- ceivable form of sexual relations, every concelvable form of holding property, has been regarded in some society at some time as the only righteous one.” In nothing has change been more marked than in the position of women in_soclety. Bishop Aylmer, preaching before Queen Elizabeth, dared to de- clare that most women were “fond, foolish, wanton flibbergibs * * * evil- tongued, worse-minded, and in every way doltified with the dregs of U devil's_dunghill.” Perhaps he reco ciled the Queen to his language by flatteringly pointing out her superiority to “most women." Thomas Fuller, ec- clesiastical historian, didactically states that the virtuous woman “commandeth her husband in any equal matter by constantly obeying him,” and “never crosseth him in his anger.” Mass chusetts laws were very liberal, as com- pared with English law and practice, for a law of 1641 provided that “every married woman all be free from bodily correction or stripes by her hus- band, unless it be in his own defence upon her assault.” It must often have been difficult to decide this question of self-defense, Probably it was some- times settled by the relative size and muscle of husband and wife. Milton, who might be classed as a woman- hater, anticipated the most liberal di- vorce views of modern times, for he advocated the granting of divorce for irresistible antipathy, which is another name for “incompatibility.” ERCE Volume 1II of the ‘“Dictionary of American Blography” carries names from Brearly through Chandler; Vol- ume IV from Chanfrau through Cush- ing. The four volumes now published are indexed in a separate volume, which contains some interesting statis- tics. Among the persons considered worthy of blographies in these four volumes, 306 are clergymen, 287 are authors, 194 are lawyers, 179 are edu- cators, 89 are physicians, 82 are editors, 80 are manufacturers, 79 are mer- chants, 73 are inventors, 72 are paint- ers, 60 are engineers, 50 are diplomats, 13 are composers and 44 are actors and actresses. There is but one dancer, one ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC This bureau does not give advice, but it gives free information on amy sub- ject. Often, to be accurately informed is to be beyond the need of advice, and information is always advice may . not be. service be sure to write clearly, state your inquiry briefly, and inclose 2- cent stamp for reply postage. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, P’udel;ic J. Haskin, director, Washing- ton, D. C. Q. Of the Laurel and Hardy team of comedians which is the Englishman and which the Southerner?—S. P. K. A. Stan Laurel was born at Ulvers- ton, England, June 16, 1895. Oliver Hardy was born in Atlants, Ga., Janu- Ir]yl 18, 1892, “fllrdzy“tspflo“l:z 1 “l“lflh tall and weighs , while Laurel is 5 feet 9 inches and weighs 150 pounds. Q. How long did it take the Graf Zeppelin to fly from Japan to Cali- fornia?>—Y. D. C. A. Dr. Eckener piloted the Graf over | ,the Golden Gate at San Prancisco a little more than 68 hours after salling | from Tokio. Q. Who sponsors the Voters' Service ove:r the radio?—F. T. A. It is sponsored by the National League of Women Voters and the Na- tional Broadcasting Co. Q. What is the difference between bail and bond pertaining to prisoners? —E. McN. A. The terms bail and bond are fre- quently used interchangeably, although the correct form is bail bond as dif- ferent from an indemnity bond, or other bond. Q. What causes the brilllant colors | at sunset?—F. K. | A. The Naval Observatory says that | sunset colors are caused by the excess of rays of long wave length, red and orange chiefly, which pass more readily over the long path through the dense lower strata of the atmosphere, which must be traversed at sunset, than the short wa length, blue and violet, rays which are obstructed not only by the atmosphere, but also by dust particles and impurities suspended in it. The finest sunset colors are pro- duced when there is the greatest amount of dust and impurities in the air through which the sunlight passes. No sunsets are perfectly colorless. Q. Please compare the susceptibility of the Negro and the white man to in- fluenza, tuberculosis of the lungs, and pneumonia—T. B. G. T A Comparison of these rates 10,000 living are: Influenza, white, colored, 18.8; tuberculosis of the lungs, white, 115.2; colored, 363.8; pneumonia, white, 122.0; colored, 220 Q. Is Los Angeles Harbor a natural harbor?—M. L.’ A. A. It i8 not. It is man-made. Q. What can be done for leaf blight in irises?—M. E. N. A. All dead leaves should be removed and the tops cut back in late Fall or early Spring. The fungus lives no place else. If the old leaves are de- stroyed, the source of the blight is re- moved, Q. Where are the jewels placed in a 23-jewel watch?—P. E. R. A. If a watch has 23 jewels, then the going band or center wheel and third wheel, the fourth wheel, the escape wheel, the lever and the bal- ance have a hole jewel at each end.of each arbor, which makes 14. The bal- ance, the lever and the escape wheel have end stones as well, which make 6 more. Then there are 3 Jjewels in the escapement, which make 33. If valuable, whereas | the In this J. HASKIN. been omitted. If 19, the end stones ot ent -wheel have been 3 ment__jewels, Jewels m‘n’c.z"e end lfiuml,. for the bal- ance arbor. Q. Why does the piteh of an auto- molg]exhom rise as it approaches’— A. The Bureau of Standards savs that the rise in pitch in an approach- ing source of sound is due to the fact that the condensations and rarefac- tions constituting the sound wave Are spaced more closely ther on ac- count of the motion of the source. The reverse occurs as the source recedes. Q. What can be done with a photo- graph which is turning yellow?—L. H. A. It properly fixed, photographs should not fade. A photograph which has turned yellow may often be copied (photographed) with good results, The fading is usually caused by improper fixing and washing. To prevent further change fix in a hypo bath of usual strength for 10 to 20 minutes, and wash in running water for one hour. Q. Please give the Florence Nightin- | gale Pledge.—S. N. A. “I solemnly pledge myself befoge God and in the presence of this sembly to pass my life in purity and™ to practice my profession faithfully. I will abstain from whatever is deleteri- ous and mischievous, and will not take or knowingly administer any harmful drug. I will do all in my power to ele- vate the standard of my profession and will hold in confidence all Pe'r'onll matters committed to my keeping, and all family affairs coming to my knowl- edge In the practice of my 1ling. With loyalty will I endeavor to aid the physician in his work and devote my- self to the welfare of those committed to my care. Q. Who is ‘the Elijah of the New Testament?—H, T. H. A. John the Baptist has been re- ferred to.in this manner, owing to the fact that the events of his life were similar to those recorded of Elijah. , Q. What_size mast has the Entere prise?—C. D. R. A. America’s cup defender, the Enter- prise, has a 168-foot mas he, as well as all the other racers, has adopted the Marcon! rig, in which a single narrow mainsail tapers from the boom to the tip of the mast without a top- sall. The new type of sail, installed upon the giant masts, is expected to give the racers exceptional speed, since it is aerodynamically superior to any that has been used before. Q. What are the qualifications for becoming a driver on one of the trans- continental busses?—R. L. A. One of the large companies does not ncce{)t boys under 21 or men over 40. Preference is given to high schdel graduates. Generally about nine months, - elapse from the time a man applies until he is given a run as a regular driver. The applicant undergoes two physical examinations, one for geneMal fitness and the other by eye and ear specialists. If he passes, he is enrolled in the company's training school where he receives a course in driving and one in business routine. After that he makes short runs and subsfitutes for drivers until his trial period is completed and he receives a full-time job. Q. Is there a telephone book listing subscribers in various countries?—G. A.'In Denmark therb has been pub- lished a world” telephone dire¢tory list- ing the names of between fifty and sixty thousand subscribers in many coun- tries who make habitual use of intek- national telephone lines. 'There are the movement has 21 jewels, then. the hole jewels of the going barrel have L MERCURIO, Santiago.—The rats of Chile, and particularly of Santiago, will experience - diffi- culties henceforward that they never encountered before. In- deed, if the plans by the government go through, the poor rats are certainly going to live in poverty and misery. Every building hereafter, even the less pretentious dwellings, is to be protected against the invasions of these rodents. Larger buildings, in-. tended for offices, stores and ware- houses, are to be entirely ratproofed, with concrete walls and heavily screened opening in the basements and at windows of lower floors. Economists have finally decided that it is far bet- ter to stop this scourge at the source than to permit conditions that allow them to propagate, and then try to exterminate them with , cats and poison, The former me! is also more humane, not only to the rats, but certainly to. the pulation, who are those t:fiofl!d to the dreaded dev- astation of the bubonic plague. So far the conflict between rats and men has been in favor of the rats, but the tide is beginning to turn, and legions of these rodents as yet in- trenched in the cellars of skyscrapers, and nuprly depots, are finding life in- creasingly hard. In the United States, due to the annual expenditure of a thousand million Chilean pesos in or- ganized warfare against them, rats are actually leading frugal, narrowed and comparatively harmless lives, * k% X Plan to Incite Civil War Among Rats. Le Soir, Brussels—It is calculated by expert economists that rats do dam- age in England to the extent of 213 thousand millions of , francs in the course of one year. In consequence of this appalling” aggrandizement of 'de- struction, a week has been publicly pro- claimed for the slaughtering of rats. A war for extermination is going on spasmodically all the time, but in this one week the principal efforts of the nation will be directed to getting rid of all the rats possible. The plan calls for the killing of all the females cap- tured, and feeding their bodles to all the males captured at the same time. ‘The les are then released, after they have acquired an unappeasable and cannibalistic appetite. The result is civil war immediately in all the camps of the rats, and they exterminate each other without mankind having to adopt any further measures against the rodents. This seems rather a severe method, even for rats. * % % Object to Millions for Parades. Neues Wiener Tagblatt, Vienna.— The tailoring business in Vienna is in | a bad way, Not only are the large manufacturers of men's and women's outer clothlnf doing very little work, but the small tailors and journeymen are without anything to do. The situa- tion is serious enough to have called forth a public manifestation recently on the part of various unions and in- terests. Practically all the members of the unions are back with their dues, and even t who have been paying their stipends till now declare that i will be impossible for them hereafter to pay the 6 kronen sick benefits due each month, despite all the dunning of the executive. The sum of 230,000 kronen is necessary for Te- lief within the organizations, for, as allenist, one bacteriologist, one hotel man, one meat packer.” * K k% ‘The Junior Literary Guild has chosen for its May list books of real adventure in different felds. For older boys it offers “The Last Continent of Adventure” (the South Polar region), by Walter B, Hayward; for older girls, “Watching Europe Grow” book which combines history and Iy travel), Cornells, Stratton-Parker; for | Who Found from 8 to 12, “Men Who stories of acientists, one of the executives put it: “No out- side influences trouble themselves aboul rades, demonstrations and other pro?t ganda, in behalf of the sufferers, in- stead of having the funds applied di- rectly to their necessities.” * % k% A a car is direst disasters, from the multitude of editions. in . English, Frenech and German. Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands “rl;enmdc e du;:!n;d. ]wm-x the ever- enace [oreign competition. 'hm are the ons Fai of w we produce rather more than are needed for home consumption. This season farmers throu the country, driven desperate by ruinous pros- 4 pects of corn-growing, have planted 30,000 acres of potatoes in excess of last year's area, Last year more than ' 100,000 tons of potatoes were left to rot In the clamps (piled in heaps), owiAg to there being no market for them, a fact that makes it easy to realize the present state of the industry, when a market must be found for a further excess of 200,000 tons produced by the increased acreage. As regards the reduced demand for potatoes, the consumption of this cheap and most valuable food has fallen off in England by something like 50 rr cent. The fallacy that potatoes are fattening is no doubt the chief cause of this re- duction. Cooked without fat, their con- sumption is highly beneficial, even for le who may be too stout. Boiled or steamed, they are even in the diet at German “slimming” spas, ' * o ok ¥ Have You Ever Tried Them on Your Knife? b Sydney Bulletin—Old Bill. Smith (bush farmer)—Peas isn't easy fo raise. Farm Expert (visiting)—Have you tried them on your knife? Boy—Granddad, have you ever been troubled with dyspepsia? Granddad—Only when I've tried to spell it, Jack. Preacher—Ah, think, my friend, of all the homes that have been !rected by whisky! b Old Soak—Yes, Fathe about all the ships thal wrecked by water? Mother (to boy sliding_do ister) —~What are you - dol Cyril? Cyril—Making trousers for orphan boys, mummy. o1 “What, my child?—you"0é"brq windows? “Yes, mummy! good cricketers!” Mamie (tired and bored to hafe been Rocky Road to El Prade Quarter. Diario Del Comercio, One more time, and we b the last, we desire to call of whatever authority is the terrible condition. of especially between Felicigh avenues. P We cannot understand tween the Montoys Statidn elegant ‘El Prado quarter;sbut d";y this route becomes more passable, until any one. W) wishes to traverse this thoroughfare simply exposing his hide to the bumps, mud holes, la; rocks and’ other hazards that lnlel:‘:hll driveway. We are not asking for asphalt, seno; wueh less are we asking for cement ‘e are only asking that you level this street .up, filling the depressions with the corresponding elevations, so that we i may be able before it o long to traverse that labors and difficull m::nhl: ::a exploring d a wile us have & st and smooth, even if 1t be