Evening Star Newspaper, February 24, 1930, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morn! Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.....February 24, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor Rate by Carrier Within the City. Evening Star..... ... 45¢per month o Evening and Sunday Star (when ¢ Sundasg) 60¢ ter month The Evening and Sunday Siar i Cvhen’s Bundass) " es¢ per moneh | at the end of cach manth. ; 1o by mall of telephone | ' Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Batls and Sunday. ... 1 1. !32“ Daily only .. . Sunday only Al Other States and Canada. $12.00: 1 mo. Member of the Amociated Press. fated Press is exclusively smtitie S Tite e ok “repuntication. Of ail Resh. Cinc paper and also i ted in tnis the locas Lew oecial dissatchés herein are aldo \eserved. —_— ‘World Reaction Against Bolshevism Senator Borah's unofficial inquis® re-! garding the fate cf the fourteen Jew. ish rabbis reported to be held urter; arrest by the Soviet government, wnh the elicited reply that all but three of them have been released, is but a site- light upon a situation of the most pro- found significance. Virtually the united religious bodies of the world outside of Russia are protesting against the atrocious conduct of the Soviet gov- ernment at Moscow, against the perse- cution of religious leaders in that coun- try and the prohibition of religious meetings and ceremonies Since his- tory began there has been no such ex- pression of universal condemnation. Were it not so tragic the posture of the Moscow government in this matter would be ludicrous. There is a total inability at the Russian capital to un- derstand the ‘motives of the church- men and religious leaders of other countries in their present endeavor to arouse world opinion hostile to the bol- shevik program of repression. The commissars at Moscow believe, or pro- fess to believe, that this movement is simply another manifestation of “cap- ftalism.” It is, they say, proof of a purpose on the part of the other na- tions to engage in physically hostile operations. It is the war cry, they now declare in their proclamations and bulletins, of European and American challenge to bolshevism. There has never been the least dis- position, in this country ecertainly, to intervene in Russian affairs. Much*as the Soviet regime has been despised as bateful and subversive of all liberty. and contrary to modern spirit, the feeling here has been that all that America could do or should do is to withhold recognition of the govern- ment at Moscow, even though other powers have recognized it. American trade with Russia has not been ln:;r- rupted any American initiative, though i‘:yhl-l Peen deplored by public Now is presented the somewhat con- tradictory spectacle in Europe of great religious bodies, numbering in their adherents and followers and worship- ers many millions of people, denounc- ing Russian Sovietism, while the gov- ernments of those countries maintain official, formal, diplomatic relations, entertaining at their respective cap- itals the representatives of the Mos- cow commissars. “This may be the severest test of bolshe- vism. There will be no compromise on the part of the churches of America and Europe. There will be no slack- ening of the campaign to arouse world opinion against the iniquity of the anti- reiigious policies and practices of the Moscow government. Governments may be affected in their policies re- garding Russian recognition. A boy- cott may result, but there will be no physical war, though a moral warfare may be more effective. e ot Many readers would regret a decision by Mr. Coolidge to return to the studious restraints of political leadership. Print is in need of writers who can provide straightforward human expression to temper the crime wave in literature. e iy In addition to difficulties relating to law enforcement, prohibition may call up complications in so simple a matter #s the enforcement of rules of debate. —_— e Topsy-Turvy Flying. It is not entirely safe to aver that nothing is accomplished by such stunt fiying as that engaged in the other day by Martin Jansen, one of the success- ful contestants in the San Francisco- Honolulu race three years ago and holder of the world’s solo endurance record. At Roosevelt Field, N. Y., he ran a new plane of his own design and construction not only straight away with good showing but upside down and actually backward, returning to earth without mishap and in good order. Trick flying of this kind usually seems unnecessary and without value, a need- Jess risk of life. But one never knows ‘what may come of such performances. In the first place, the race in aviation is for the development of stability and durability. In ordinary straight-away flying the machine is subjected to pevere strains and is comparatively short lived. From the beginning of aviation the endeavor has been to de- velop strength. Early stunt flying was largely for sensationalism, but much ‘was learned incidentally from that source. Subsequent trick feats in the | air have almost all been undertaken to test machines. The “outside loop,” ‘which imposes a terrific strain upon all parts of the plane, has perhaps been productive of some developments. Now comes Jansen’s flight upside down and, heading into a stiff wind, virtually| backward, an extraordinary perform- | ance, which puts the plane to its severest test. ‘The most important fact, always to be remembered about this dangerous method of trying out machines, is that in case of failure the pilot almost in- wariably perishes. He can personally contribute nothing to the record. There is no assurance of any positive evidence regarding the failure. The plane falls and it is barely possible that the wreck- age may tell something of the cause. If the plane comes through the test, all is well, and the presumption is that the machine is capable of l:nflu even greater strains than those to which it has just been subjected. Flying upside down is not conceiv- able evén as an emergency mode of prog- ress in the air. The one-man machine may be so flown, with the pilot strapped into his cockpit. But passenger ships may not be overturned without most grievously discommoding the occupants. Let it be definitely understood once and for all that there is no demand for a plane that, upon the whim of its pilot or passengers, can be turned over on its back and propelled either forward or backward. — ‘Washington in 1932. “iljam Tyler Page's relatively brief owwMe of the Bicentennial Commis- sion’s plans for 1932 is the first tangible picture of the great events to take place here in the Capital two years | hence. Conventions, celebrations, pageants, parades, carnivals—and all roads lead- ing to Washington. Only two years remain to complete the preparations. The scope of this national fete is such that the interval is too short. Unless there is definite action soon, two great projects which have been talked about for years will still be lack- ing at a time when events now shaping come to pass. Their loss will be keenly felt. One is the projected National Capital Airport. The other is a pub- lic stadium for the accommodation of great crowds that would gather in Washington to witness national pag- eants or athletic games. The airport has been threshed over and debated and championed and has won the enthusiastic support of every man who ever opened his mouth on the subject during the last three years, but as far as actual progress is con- cerned, the airport for the National Capital is as far from realization as it was when Lindbergh lit in Paris, It will be unfortunate indeed if during this coming celebration in 1932 Wash- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 1930. THIS AND THAT States involved in the Mediterranean treaty. Just how President Hoover can be ex- pected to give assurance that this Gov- ernment will act in the event of a threat of violation of the Kellogg treaty re- nouncing war, or in what form, I8 a 1 question that has not yet been answered. This country has always wished to use its good offices in the interest of peace when other friendly powers found them- selves involved in difficulties with one another, This latest suggestion emanating from the London conference is the mildest request, of a political nature, which probably could be made. It stlll presents its difficulties, however. It is realized abroad, as it is here, that there would be strong opposition in the Senate of the United States to any treaty negotiated at London which car- ried political commitments involving the United States, Under the plan now advanced, however, there would be no such provision in a naval treaty grow- ing out of the London conference. It calls for assurance from the President of the United States that he would seek to bring about a consultation of powers in the event of a threat of war. It is urged in some quarters that even if such assurance was given by Mr. Hoover, it would not be binding upon his successors in office; that there would be no treaty obligation on the part of this country. But if the United States Government, through its executive head, once gave the assurance now demanded, a precedent would be set which any administration in this country would find difficult to set aside without bring- ing upon this country criticism of faith- lessness, It is exceedingly doubtful that Presi- dent Hoover would seek by indirection to accomplish an object which could not be effected if the procedure laid down by the Constitution for con- ducting our foreign relations were fol- lowed. Certainly there would be a wide burst of criticism from many quarters if he did so. On the other hand, ington can offer no adequate provision | France must know that this country is for a series of nationally important air events typifying man's triumph over one of the last frontiers in this New World. The stadium appears even further from realization than the airport. But if it were included now as one of the features of the new Capital of 1932 its opening and dedication two years hence still would be possible. In this connection it is sincerely to be hoped that the Board of Trade's efforts to Interest the Roosevelt Memorial Asso- ciation in making this stadium the monument in Washington to Theodore Roosevelt will be macked with early success. But even without the beginning or completion of these two undertakings Washington in 1932 will be a city trans- formed. The transformation is now taking place, though we who live so strongly wedded to the idea of the Kellogg multilateral treaty renouncing war. It has had direct evidence of that fact and of the lengths to which the | Government will go in its action when there was threat of violation of the treaty because of the controversy be- tween Russia dnd China last year. France may be willing in the end to regard that action by this country as a precedent and to abandon any demand that President Hoover, by proclamation or solemn note, agree to follow such a course in the event of other disturb- ances in the friendly relations of the nations. g It is explained abroad that what agi- tates the French, the British and the other powers involved in the Naval Conference is the possibility of the United States being unwilling to observe a blockade or other measure of eco- close to it and watch the day-by-day progress are apt to lose sight of the significant changes. In 1932 the Arlington Memorial Bridge, with the exception of some of the approaches on the other side of the river, will be completed. The Mount Vernon Boulevard will be completed. The gigantic memorial to ‘Washington in Alexandria will be completed. Work will be nearing completion on the new House Office Bullding and on the Supreme Court. The Capitol Plaza will be cleared of most of the rubbish that now lies between the Capitol and the Union Station, and it is probable that the new boulevard from the sta- tion to Pennsylvania avenue will be opened. B street will have been widened and cut through to the Capitol. Two tremendous Government struc- tures—the Department of Commerce Building and the Internal Revenue Bullding—will have been completed as the first units of the Government's tri- angle, North of the Department of Com- merce Building a park of- green grass and trees will lie where now stand those anclent relics of another day—the Foll's Theater and the Oxford Hotel and other ramshackle edifices extend- ing to Fourteenth street. The work of demolition and clearing out these struc- tures north of the Commerce Building will begin this Summer, Plans are a most ready for the parking, and when trees are planted they will be large enough to lend this new open space the appearance of vigorous youth, if not of mature age. If the Elliott bill, already passed by the House and now on the Senate calendar, becomes law within the near future, 1932 will find progress already made on other great buildings within the tri- angle. On the site of the “Pepco” Building at Fourteenth and B work will have begun on the new Department of Labor Building. A little further east along B street construction will be going forward on the new Interstate Commerce Commission Building. And if there is luck and speed, work may be progressing on a new Post Office Build- ing, between the Interstate Commerce Commission and Internal Revenue Buildings. Still further east on B street, between Ninth and Tenth, the new Archives Building will be rearing its steel skele- ton, and beyond it, perhaps, near where the old Center Market stands, the new Department of Justice Building. North of the Avenue—between Third and Sixth—the old buildings now stand- ing probably will have been razed to make way for the first unit of the Capls tal's new Municipal Center. In 1932 much of the old Washington will have gone. The new Washington will be merely beginning to take form in glistening white stone and the restful green of trees and grass, ———— Coalitions are not readily effected, owing to inherent properties in political tradition which prevent coalescence, ot The French Objections. Dispatches from London indicate that the French delegation to the Naval Conference, when it returns, headed by Briand, will insist on two political ob- jectives. The first is sald to be some assurance from the Hoover administra- tion, which means in this case the President himself, that in the event of threat of war the United States Govern- ment will undertake to bring about a consultation of the powers, as it did when the Russo-Chinese threat of viola- tion of the Kellogg treaty renouncing war arose. The second objective is a treaty entered into by the Mediterranean powers, which would also include Eng- land, looking to the enforcement of peace if necessary through the League of Nations. There is no effort on the part of the French to have the United nomic pressure which might be brought in the event of an offensive war under- taken by a ,European nation against another. It is for that reason that these powers are seeking some assur- ance from this country that it will at least favor actively a consultation of the powers in the event of a threat of war. If the United States insisted upon trading, as a neutral, with a power which had entered upon aggres- sive war in violation of the Kellogg treaty and of the League of Nations Covenant, and also of the prospective Mediterranean pact, the foreign pow- ers see grave difficulties ahead. This is the problem with which they are now wrestling abroad. e A musical comedy producer says he hopes to interest Henry Ford in his enterprises. The contact should be con- genial. Few systems of production have been more thoroughly standardized than musical comedy. N — Criticism should not worry the United States Senate, whose membership in- cludes some of the most merciless of critics. : R SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Willing Worker. Somewhere in the distance 'There toils with persistence A man who is wrinkled and grim. And youth that is merry Remarks, “Thought is very Fatiguing—Ilet's leave it to him!” He finds it a pleasure ‘To weigh and to measure The world with its wisdom or whim. He figures on taxes And never relaxes, For people all leave it to him. His life may not thrill us And yet it should fill us ‘With thanks that can never grow dim. We turn to our resting And gaming or jesting, And say, “Let us leave it to him!"” Studying an Audience. “You are occasionally careless about your grammar.” “Not careless,” answered Senator Sorghum, “only discreet. Out my way folks think that if you pay strict at- tention to grammar, you are trying to put on airs and act supercilious.” Jud Tunkins says “Ten Nights in a Bar Room” was a sad old show. What 15 needed to give it melodramatic in- terest was a few prohibition agents to come in and shoot up the place. New Worlds to Conquer. We'll have a bigger telescope To see new worlds, we boldly hope, Though Wwe've not seen one-half—'tis clear— The wonders of this world right here. Not a Humorist. “Russian literature always makes me sad,” remarked the impressionable girl. “I have 'the same experience,” an- swered Miss Cayenne. “The average Russian writer is a professional gloom- erist.” “Envy,” said Hi Ho, the sage of China- town, “is what causes a thoughtless boy to stone the bird and substitute silence for the song.” All the Same! My Radio! My Radio! You follow me where'er I roam. ‘The tunes you play and things you say Make every place seem just like home! “De hardest kind o’ fishin’ I knows of,” saild Uncle Eben, “is gettin’ out on a 'scursion an’ findin’ yohse't 'bliged to get access to a few sardines wif a dull can openes.” A young man who is engaged in vhat for lack of a better term may be called the writing business came to us the other day with a tale of woe. He wanted to know why people are |50 quick to take offense over religion, | which, he thought, ougit to make them imild and forgiving. We could not answer him, an in- ability in which the remainder of man- kind joins us, no doubt. He had, he said, a good sense of humor. ard upon {occasion had made remarks in the construed as irreligious. What struck him as queer, he said, and as unfair, was the fact that rone of these touchy persons had suspended Jjudgment, but had immediately, and almost as if gladly, set him down as a scoffer. “And yet,” he said, “I have been stopped on the street by elderly women in black, whose hearts and minds have been hurt by sorrow, who have assured me that while I did not know them, and it made no difference, they had read my writings, and wanted me to know that they appreciated them. “And do you know what they in- variably have sald of my writings, al- though I have never once treated a religious subject as such?” He smiled happily. “They say, ‘Your articles are #o religious.’ " | koW ‘We could bring our young friend lit- tle consolation, for there is no balm in regard to the innate injustice of the human mind. There is no person, perhaps, who does not have to suffer every day from some injustice, involving the too speedy desire of most men and women to look upon the bad side of a given thought or situation rather than its good side. It is as if men were forever content to gaze upon the reverse side of life's medals, with never a glance given to the heroic figures on the front. In this, all mankind is the sufferer, since the whole of humanity is at some time involved. It takes brains and courage and determination to make an attempt to do justice to another, when it is s0 easy simply to lump the fellow off as a fool and let it go at that. ‘ Intelligence of a higher order than many people possess is necessary to play fair in & world so easily the prey to appearances as this. A man is judged by the words of his mouth—literally that is true. It is, alas, too true! For what are “the words of the mouth.” after all, but syllables, and what do they mean but what the hearer makes them mean? It 1s a viclous circle; always one gets back to the starting point, that others are too quick to resent, too determined to see the worst, rather than the best. It takes courage, too, to resolutely say to one’s self, “Now let me see here. I am offended with this fellow, but, after all, is he wrong, or is there just a possibility that I am wrong in thinking he is wrong?"” ‘Wonderful to state, it may be one's ‘wonderful self who is at fault. The thing is too easy; that ought to make one suspicious. This snap judgment, this instant jumping at a conclusion, is it not too snappy, too immediate? ‘Whence has God blessed us with this divine ability, to judge as the sun judges? May there not be a shadow in our hearts, that blots out from our eyes the truth, even the divine light of forgiveness? * % %% Above all, determination is necessary, if one wants to prevent himself from doing injustice to his fellows in the everyday walks of life. The grand mo- ments can take care of themselves. They do not occur often, and the mental state engendered by them per- haps is strong enough to handle them. But the everyday life is where we mortals are caught up. The Devil (a nice figure of speech) never sleeps, and is at his best when walking down the street, or ealng dinner. His Faust moments are ¥t many. He sings to Marguerite only once in a century or Mr. Hoover has ended the anxieties of the members of the Radio Commis- sion as to their future tenure in office by reappointing the entire commission. Senate confirmation seems certain, though little is certain in the Senate in these days. The President is credited with having desired to make some changes in the personnel of the com- mission, but decided not to risk the Senate row, which was threatened if he dropped Messrs. Robinson and Sykes and retained Commissioners Starbuck, Lafount and Saltzman. Mr. Hoover made virtue of expediency when assured that the Senate was disposed to reapprove the present board en bloc. The com- mission had evolved and put into effect brief history on a permanent footing, and has already set up its augmented legal staff, and will soon name a new engineering staff. When Congress first legislated for a Radio Commission it had been assumed that once the com- mission had evolved and put into effect a co-ordinated plan of wave-length as- signments, station power and allocation of time to end the chaos of the air, there would be little left for it to do, certainly not enough to engage the full- time attention of a permanent com- mission. Instead the volume of admin- istrative detail, as well as new problems to be solved and new decisions to be made, is on the lncre'ue‘ all the time.” * x The only museum on Capitol Hill is in the office of Representative Clyde Kelly of Pennsylvania, who has been collecting interesting curios from all over the world for the past 15 years. His exhibit ranges from relics of the World War. to curios from the South Sea Islands_and the early settlements of the North American Indians. His latest addition is a tortoise-shell medicine rat- tle from the Omaha Winnebago In- dians, of which tribe he is honorary chief. His most highly esteemed me- mento, however, is the set of highly polished horseshoes with which Rep- resentative Kelly won the “barnyard golf” congressional championship last Summer. R Uncle Sam is the greatest employer of labor in the world. If you do not believe it you may examine the new United States Official Register, which lists 587,667 employes under civil service status now on the pay roll in the execu- tive branches of the Government. This takes no account of the legislative branch, or of the tens of thousands of employes in the judiclal department, nor those in the military service. Of the civil service total 63,904 are employed in Washington, and 523761 in the field. Women far outnumber the men in ‘Washington bureaus, but in the field it is the other way round. The total for the women is 82501. The Post Office Department accounts for more than one-half of the grand total, its figure being 314,795, * K ok Despite alleged dissatisfaction of naval officers over their salary and al- lowances, resignations from the service have decreased so materially that there 1s a serlous possibility that commissions may be withheld from 30 or 40 members of the 1930 class at the Naval Academy. ‘This situation has brought the quite unprecedented step of notice to the naval ensigns of the 1928 and 1929 classes that the requirement of two- year sea duty will be waived as to any who may wish to resign from the serv- ice. The Navy Department has also asked Congress to raise from 4 to 6 per cent the permitted ratio of officers to enlisted men. Present authorized naval officer personnel is set at 5499. The pendency of measures in Congress to raise pay -ngn: l?wl‘:;cu of II"IV‘:I o‘(‘; ficers approximately 40 per cen! 54/ to expllrn the decline in resignations. Officers are waliting to see if the pay increase bill through. hearing of others which they had mis- | BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. two, but he whispers in the ordinary ear about once a minute, “This fellow,” he says softly, “in an idle moment, without much thought one way or other, has dared to scoff. The good God who sees and knoweth all realizes that his heart is right, but you must not give him credit for that. He hasoffended you. He has scoffed, has he not? He has dared to say something which you, in your righteousness, do not like. Do ‘not hesitate. He who hesi- | tates is lost (to kindliness, to decency, to brotherhood). ~Freeze up on him from now on and forever more. You have plenty of precedent.” When it comes to crediting others with good motives, or better motives, for anything, in any given situation, far too many people seem to develop an almost perverse tendency to go the other way. With what aplomb they jump to the wrong conclusion! The astute can tell at once which “tack” they will take, because it is always the one away from fairness, from any at- tempt to properly think a thing out. To adopt the latter course demands that one give another human being credit for something, and there is scarcely anything surer in life than that most people want to reserve most of that for themselves, If we attempt to trace this strange reluctance to its source, we end in an- imal nature. Most of humanity’s traits end there, although often the relation- ship is obscure. Here we are confronted with the queer relation between a brute getting its dinner and a human being refusing to credit another human being with an intention for something good. Let us consider the two. The animal knows, with that dim yet sure knowl- edge of the brutes, that dinners do not grow on trees, and that if he doesn't eat this one in a hurry some other creature will get part of it. So he gulps it. Nature has made his digestive system so that he can swallow hunks of meat without chewing them. He is suspicious, if we may permit such a characteristic to him, of the world in general, and especially of events which may happen. b il A human being, with some 8,000 years of civilization behind him (recent dis. coveries in Ur of Chaldea place the flood about 4400 B. C., but civiliza- tion probably goes back 2,000 years further), still finds food, shelter and clothing basic requirements of life on this planet. Even those who deprecate these requirements as much as they can still live in houses, eat food and wear clothes. That queer human ani- the salesman who comes to your door trying to sell you something you want or don’t want, as the case may be, is seeking his dinner as surely as any tiger or lion that ever trod grass softly. The thing is beautifully in- direct, by now, but it is just th® same in essence. And the lengths the fel- low will go to argue you down shows that he is afraid of you, above all, sus- picious of you. You may get some of his dinner. In fact, you already have some of it and won't let go! Suspicion, then, takes its rightful place as the devil of this world. It is the trail of the serpent over us all. If it could be rooted out of humanity, wars would cease, and the natio: might live in blessed amity. But ity roots go a long way back. Its tentacles are firmly fixed in the fabric of the world. They are solid, thick, mental as well as physical. It takes all the intellectual and spiritual qualities a man has to free himself from suspicion of motives, and to accept the other fellow at his face value—or better, Especially better. It is only in us in our better moments to be fair. g of the time humanity is v engaged in getting its dinner to bother about such an abstract quality as right- eousness and its judgments. It puts off the great things for special mo- ments, thinking that anything will do for the everyday, anly to find at last that the littie things made the largest showing, and that hasty judgments kept man forever looking at the wrong side of the medal. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS | _Uncle Sam pays no bonus for triplets, though such & notion seems to be wid: | spread, and to persist in the face of fre- quent denials. The latest application for a triplet’s bonus comes from Mrs, Edward W. Shultz of Tonawanda, N. Y., who labored under the impression that the Federal Treasury would pay her a royalty of $100 per baby. Repre- sentative Wallace Dempsey, whose con- stituent the proud mother is, broke the sad news ‘tactfully. “I have no doubt,” he wrote, “that they are exceedingly interesting children, and will be a great credit to you and your locality, but I regret to say I know of no bonus given by the Government in such cases.” * K X % Herbert Fahy, Washington aviator, was flying cross-country some time ago with & passenger who had never been up before. They toak off from the ex- treme southwestern corner of Texas and started across the State. At noon they landed for lunch and the passen- ger was surprised to learn they were still {n Texas. Taking off again they flew till dark and when they landed for Ithe night the weary passenger was amazed to find they were still in Texas. “Good grief,” he said, “what a lot of land we took away from the Indians!” * K K x ‘The National League of Women Vot. ers announces fthe creation of * unique jury of award who are assigned the task of reviewing and passing on nominations for the National Roll of Honor, a memorial plan designed by the league as one of its tenth anniversa: features.” Outstanding workers in thi league or in the National American ‘Woman Suffrage Association “who have contributed to bring about a new day of partnership in public life are eligible for nominations.” The league's an- nouncement continues, “The idea of honoring these illustrious worhen came to Mrs. Augustus L. Searle of Mimie- apolis & year or more ago as she was vacationing in Egypt.” (Copyright, 1930.) ———— Compensation Policy Change Is Indicated From the Des Moines Tribune-Capital. “Bob” Martin, who will be recalled as & potential heavyweight boxing cham- plon just after the war—he won the A. E. F. champlonship—has been awarded $100 a month compensation for disabilities by the Veterans' Bureau. It is sald he has a traumatic brain tumor which was caused by fighting overseas. But this fighting was not in the ranks, but in the prize ring. ‘The officers of the Veterans' Bureau report that in his championship battle in France “the claimant’s opponents rendered blow after blow on the claim- ant’s head. It seems to me that it is reasonable to presume that this fight was the beginning of the claimant's disabllity.” It is to be hoped this decision promises a liberal policy on the part of the bureau in awarding compensation to disabled soldiers. That policy ought to be liberal. No one who was hurt or made sick by events overseas on active service ought to want for aid. But surely the Martin case is the extreme. After this precedent no sol- dier who served in the front line ought to be denied necessary compensation for & moment. One Combination Missing. From the Boston Evening Transeript. Maine has two dry candidates and one wet candidate for the United States Senate. All that is needed to complete the nmhlhfm comedy in the Ill“t-’x ‘Creole’ Was Not Derived| From Word for ‘Servant’ To the Editor of The Stat: As I have seen articles in your paper about the word “creole,” connecting it with such a translation as “servant.” it might interest your readers o have the opinion of a layman, ‘The English word “creole” is just an| adoption of the French word “créole,” which may be explained by the fact that the State to which the word is usually applied, Louisiana, was exploited and populated the French. Although the French “créole” is derived from & Spanish word, it has certainly nothing to do with the Spanish word for servant. “criado,” as the Spanish language has a_distinet word for creole, “criollo.” Dictionaries give the translations of both the French and the Spanish word for creole as, “natives of West India or America descended from European | ancestors.” The Spanish word “criado,” which means servant, is the past parti- ciple of the verb “criar,” which means | to create, breed, rear, ete. It is possible that “criollo” (creole) is derived "oml “criar,” but it certainly has nothing in| common with the word “criado” (serv- ant) except that they are both derived from the same word. If we take a look at the Portuguese | word for creole, “crioulo,” we may be a little nearer the solution of the origin of the word. An analysis of this Portu- guese word indicates that it is composed of “criou” and “lo.” “Criou” is the past definite, third person singular, of the Portuguese verb ‘“criar,” which means the same as the Spanish verb, and may be translated with “he (or she) was reared,” and “lo” is the same as the Portuguese abverb “Ia” which means there. The origin of the word creole has probably been the following statement about persons from the West Indies and America, “Criou la"—he! was reared there. As people all over Europe were talking about the new world, the adverb “la"—there—would be sufficient to indicate the new world. Even nowadays we have the same mode of expression in Europe. When talking about the United States, it is very often refarred to as “over there.” From being a probably much used state- ment, “criou la” has gone into the Portuguese language as a noun, “crioula” meaning a woman born there; le., in America. As the ending a of a Portu- guese noun is feminine, the word was changed to ‘“crioulo” for a man_ born there. ARNVID NYGAARD, ———— Higher Annuity Not To Be Viewed as Bonus To the Editor of The Star: ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIG j. HASKIN, Many readers send in questions signed only with initials, asking that the an- swers appear in the newspaper. The space is limited and would not accom- modate a fraction of such requests. he answers published are ones that may interest many readers, rather than the one who asks the question only. All questions should be accompanied by the writer's name and address and 2 cents in coin or stamps for reply. Send your question to The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, direc- tor, Washington, D. C. Q. Are man talkies>—D. C. E. A. The motion picture iridustry has been revolutionized by the addition of sound, and many writers who felt com- petent to write for the silent pictures do not understand the new art. One pro- ducer who was recelving an average of 2,000 manuscripts a week now gets less than 100. g. Does Hawall use American money? —B. R. . Hawail is a territory of the United y people writing for the E. | States and uses the same coinage. Q. Why was the pineapple so often employed in decoration?—S. A. A. It was n:_gposed to be the symbol of “Plenty in the Home.” Q. Has Chicago as many policemen in proportion to its size as New York City has?—L. B, A. There were 17,769 men on the po- lice force in New York City in 1928. In Chicago the total number of police- men, counting both the officers and men, in 1928, was 6,098. Since Chicago has about half as many people as New York, it is evident that it has not as many policemen per capita. Q. How long before George Wash- ington inhertited it had the Mount Ver- non estate been in his family?—G. T. A. Mount Vernon had been in the Washington family from 1674, being a grant from Lotd Culpeper. In 1761, aft- er various relatives had died, George Washington became the sole owner. Q. What is the Jewish population of the District of Columbia?—T, C. A1t is about 16,000, Q. Is it true that the word “obey” has been taken out of the wedding cere- mony of the Episcopal Church?—R, F. A. The recently revised Protestant Episcepal prayer book has eliminated ‘The powers vested in Congress by the Constitution are found in article 1, section 8, of the original Constitution. They do not give to Congress any right to give away any money of the Govern- ment, or anything of value in any manner, or as a prize, premium bonus, or in any other way than for value received. Article 10 of the amendments to the Constitution reads as follows: “The powers not delegated to the United States, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States, or to the people.” So we learn from the highest author- ity that if Congress should pass a law | E granting a bonus, for any purpose, such an amendment would be unconstitu- tional, null and void, and would be so declared by the Supreme Court when brought before that body. We cannot believe that the Congress composed largely of lawyers and of men above the average intelligence would, in violation of the highest authority, vote an expenditure of millions of dollars as a bonus, ‘Witen, as in 1918, the Congress added to ‘the salaries of all civil service em- ployes $240 per annum it was not in- tended as a bonus or a gift, but was to make additional return to such em- ployes for services rendered and to in- sure to them a sufficient income to cover expenses which had been much increased by the war. What we, the retired employes of the Government, are demanding of Con- gress is to amend the retirement bill H. R. 9679, section 4, line 23, after the words “$1,600 per annum,” to read as follows: “which shall include the $240 per annum paid in addition to the basic pay from 1918 to and including June 30, 1925.” And on page 10, line 13, strike out the word “bonus.” If the Dale-Lehlbach bill is t6 be passed, the same amendment should be made and provision should be made for a minimum annuity of $365 per annum and $600 after reaching age of 75 years. Amend H. R. 9679, section 10, line 25, after the word “compensation” to read as follows: * and including $1,600 per annum of the basic salary of all employes.” * This, I think, will correct the most serious defects complained of in the laws now in operation and in the new bill now under consideration, and will give time to study and to perfect changes in the new features proposed in H. R. 9679, while giving much need- ed relief to the annuitants most need- ing help, Respectively, A. M. PROCTOR. —————— Hope for Reform of Rescue League Course To the Editor of The Star: Last Friday you were good enough to publish my letter protesting against the present methods of the Washington Animal Rescue League. Sunday morn- ing you printed, in a report on the first fi:‘! of The Star, a statement made in half of the league. I beg you will allow me to repeat what I think was clear in my first letter, that what I have objected to and protested against is not the necessary and unavoidable destroying of sick and maimed animals, but the methods which have been used recently, especially in the chloroforming and suffocating in small boxes of large animals, both sick and healthy, with- out the supervision of a veterinarian. If large animals must be chloroformed, it is not too much to expect that it will be done humanely with the aid of the strychnine or morphine needle, as it 1s customarily done by veterinarians. That it has not been done in any such manner during the past two or three weeks I was and am perfectly satisfled, from personal observation and investi- gation, from direct testimony and from the admissions of some of those in charge of the league. That such methods will not be con- tinued and will be abandoned—or, as I hope, have already been abandoned— I earnestly trust, in view of the state- ment_made in behalf of the league in The Sunday Star. I also earnestly call the attention of the public to the open invitation, in the statement made in behalf of the league, to investigate the league prem- ises, and I hope that many of those interested in the humane treatment of animals will accept that invitation, not only now, but frequently in the future, to the end that the conditions which have shocked me will not reoccur. It is only by the interest of the public that such organizations can continue to perform the service for which they were intended by their founders. MARION STUART CAKE. Testifies in Favor of Animal Rescue League To the Editor of The Star: Please allow me & small space in your valuable paper to testify in regard to the Animal Rescue League and the let- ter Miss Cake wrote. I am not con- nected with the league, only a yearly member. I took my dog down there to be ¥ut away and had him chloroformed as I thought the electricity would hurt him. He went under in a very few moments in the box, did not smother slowly, and he was quite a large fox terrier. Every one there was kindness itself about putting him away. - I think Miss Cake is mistaken about the dogs being slowly smothered to death. 1 would not have an animal tortured, as I care an awful lot for animals and I know the league or any one connected with 1t we not torture animal. KATE the word “obey” from its marriage serv- ice, but it may be used if desired. Q. Is Myrna Loy part Chinese?>— E. G A. Mon scent. “She was born in Great Falls, and is of Scotch and Welsh de- Her real name is Willlams. Q. How much does a polar expedi- tion cost?>—E. M. K. A. Fitz Hugh Green has estimated that the Scott Antarctic Expedition of 1912 cost about $500,000; the Amund- sen-Ellsworth _ Expedition, 1925-26, $200,000; the Nobile-Italia Expedition, 1928, over $300,000; the Byrd Antarctic edition will have cost in the neigh- borhood of $1,000,000 before it is com- pleted. A fully equipped expedition casts from $100,000 to $800,000, de- pending upon the size of the ships, number of men, etc. Q. Please explain the difference in ‘l;llgk.n white, red and cayenne pepper.— A. Black or white pepper comes from Southern India, Sumatra, J&va, Cey- lon, Siam, eo, Penang and cther parts of the Malay Peninsula. Black pepper consists of the dried fmmature berries of a perennial climbing shrub called Piper Migrum, native to the for- ests of Western and Southern India. White pepper is practically the same product as black pepper except that the outer shell of the berry is removed to a greater or less extent by friction following soaking in water. Red 2o per is the powdered ripe pod, both flesh and seeds of any variety of capsicum, the plant which gives us the cdible fresh pepper, but which bears no rela- tion to the true pepper plant. Cayenne g;pper is, by ruling of the Board of od and Drug Inspection of 1908, dis- tinguished from red pepper as being obtained only from small-frulted va- rieties of capsicum. Q. Do many people visit the Grand Pre Park?—L. G. A. This park, in Nova Scotia, has | been_established as a memorial to the Acadians, whose history i most fa- miliar as a background for Longfel- low's “Evangeline.” 1In 1929 almost 16,000 visitors registered at the park. Q what is meant by sintering?— A A. Sintering involves partial fusion of a granular mass, frequently with changes in structure and often with fusion of inherent or added impurities, Familiar examples include ceramie wares and alundum and carborundum In this process the material ped in the cold, often with & hich 1s burned out or volatized in the “baking” process. The basie material is not actually fused, but may be softened and welded together. The product is usually porous, Q. When were the United States erslnon first stationed in Haiti?— A. 5. D. 'A. They weve first stationed there in 1915 durtng President's Wilson's ad« ministration. Q. How much money was collected in gasoline taxes in 19290?—J. L. M. A. According to the American Pe- troleum Institute, receipts from gaso- line taxes in 1929 amounted to $449,- 731,159. ‘The total is 47 per cent higher than the collections in 1928, Q. What is the name of Princeton’s new department of public service train- ing?—S. W. called the School of Public L A. Tt is and International Affairs. mary purpose is to offer training to men who hope to enter public life or public administration or engage in in- ternational business or affairs, or go into journalism or law. It 1§ antici- pated that many men who have not vet determined what they will do will desire training which will equip them in a broad sense in the fundamentals of citizenship, Eqfi ‘Where is Deleware Water, Gap?— A. Tt is about 108 miles north of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania. The Summer resort is named for the gorge, which 18 noted for its piet scenery. In the Winter the ice up in the river sometimes to a height of 20 feet. Move to Launch New Party Is Studied With Open Minds Efforts to establish a third national political party are studied by the public with an open mind, but the idea has failed to make much progress. As the strongest support for the proposed or- ganization comes from members of the Association Against the Prohibition Amendment, it is held by crities that its plan of campaign would be too re- stricted. There is also a belief that it will be hard to overthrow the two-party system. g “However perturbed the politicians in ‘Washington m: a third party,” advises the Baltimore Evening Sun, e are certain that the astute gentlemen conducting the affairs of the Association Against Prohibition Amendment have no such half-baked | idea in mind. These gentlemen have had the advantage of a close study of the methods by which Volsteadism was brought into being in this country and they know it was not done by the Pro- hibition party. On the contrary, Vol- steadism was brought into being by a group of hard-headed practical politi- cians whose chief accomplishment was its ability to make the representatives of both the existing parties toe the mark. The Anti-Saloon League never asked what were the political affillations of an aspiring candidate. It asked only if he would vote dry. And it was by opposing the wet candidates and sup- porting the dry candidates that it finally achieved its victory. The best chance of beating the Agti-Saloon League 1is by adopting Anti-Saloon League methods, and the men behind the Association Against the Prohibition Amendment know it. They will not be led astray by idealistic. talk about a third party.” EIEE Considering the question whether the new organization “will take the field as a political party or will attempt to function politically as the Anti-Saloon League of America does,” the Chat- tanooga Times comments: “Should it adopt the latter course, that of making its influence felt in congressional pri- maries and elections and in the halls of Congress, it will no doubt give many a congressional candidate and many a member of the National Legislature troubled hours, and it may influence the course of legislation. Should it under- take the role of a political party, putting its own candidates in the field, there is no telling what the result might be, although the general view seems to be that the movement would have little chance of succeeding * * * The situa- tion is one which becomes increasingly interesting. and it is also one which will bear watching. The obvious way for the Democratic and Republican parties to avold the threat of a real third party is for both of them to return to their fundamental principles. But party lines have become so criss-crossed, and in some instances so nearly identical, that it is perhaps too much to expect any such happy developments.” *i e R “Every vote in Congress on prohibi- tion or any phase of it,” according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, “empha- sizes the fact that party lines on this fundamental national issue have long since gone by the boards. If there is a proposal to transfer enforcement di- rection from one department to an- other, or to apply more rigorous penal- ties, or to make the buyer's guilt equal to that of the seller, there are no Republicans or Democrs but only wets and drys.” The Post-Gazette con- tinues: “Col. Samuel Harden Church, in his suggestion of a new party, takes advanced ground to which, for the pres- ent at least, few are likely to follow. ‘Tradition holds - strong, and organiza- tions, that have been built up over a long period of years and reach down to every voting district of the Nation will not be abandoned nor allowed to col- lapse overnight. But there are many who believe that the importance of th‘wk’“ is such that it will force important realignments in national politics in the next 10 years.” Pointing out that Mr. Church's &l,ln is to draw the liberal element from both the old parties,” the Pasadena Star- News contends: “There may be or there may not be need of a new political party, but most assuredly any party e E e B road-gauge organi n - w ly national objectives and with principles and posals which would appeal fa- the masses of the people” be at the prospect of | The Star-News also remarks: “Forma- tion of proposed new political parties is nothing new. From the very begin- nings of the Government new parties have sprung up, from time to time, and, like Jonal's gourd, they have flourished for a little while and then withered * K X % Political leaders in both. P’"” are quoted by the Saginaw Daily News as “attaching no importance to the new party idea,” but that paper indicates certain points in which ‘proposed or- ganization would differ from.the old Prohibition party, which was ineffec~ tive. It says: “Nevertheless, these po~ litical leaders and men of experience in the art of politics perceive that the pro- | posed third party, though never coming near to accomplishing its main pur- pose, could and no doubt would make all sorts of trouble for the old parties. For instance, by placing uurdp. party candidates in the field when congres- sional elections roll around. And while the history of third parties does not disclose them as brilliantly success- ful, they have on occasion entirely dis~ rupted the programs of the old iiners, Consequently, there is a whole lot of anxiety behind that attitude of ridioule the political leaders have taken in re- gard to Mr. Church’s pi L* In addition to mention of the Pro- hibition party, which failed, the Terre Haute Star comments: “We have had other parties advocating other: reforms that have been adopted, but the adop- tion was not brought about by these minor political organizations, What- ever has been accomplished has been by working through the ublican and Democratic parties. Those two may be relied on to give consideration to any proposal that has sufficient backing, and if it has not support enough to enlist the indorsement of either of them it will get nowhere through the efforts of an_independent political organization.” The Kalamazoo Gazette st ts that “it is not certain that the s rs of the new party will find lemselves overburdened with the enrollment of recrults,” and advises that “if the leaders of the new movement really feel that they have a cause or causes which need advanmcing, they could probably accomplish their purpose bet- ter by working with both parties than by trying to play a lone hand.” RS NS Sk A S |Crop Forecasters Are 90 Per Cent Right From the San Antonio Evening News. Severely criticized when they “guess wrong,” the crop experts who prepare the National Agricultural Outlook re- | port for the United States Department | of Agriculture nevertheless have been right in nine instances out of ten since hey began the annual survey six years ago. For examples, last year's report, published in February, said that wheat would bring more in 1929 and flax and potatoes would pay better. ‘The survey reached its most nearly accufate point in 1926, when 32 out of 34 definite forecasts proved correct. The experts, including representatives of 45 State agricultural colleges, several Department of Agriculture bureaus and—this year for the first time—the Federal Farm Board, lately met at W&‘hl‘xzflwn and opened their inquiry. ‘They will study world-wide market con- ditions affecting 50 principal farm prod- ucts. The information gathered Exlde the farmer in ning his crops, 1ling him which should be curtal and which safely can reased. Formerly the investigation covered cot- ton, but Southern Congressmen'’s out= cry, on the ground that the reports forced prices down, led the board to drop that erop. 'rherel? the cotton growers are deprived of which they might use in adapting sup- ply to demand, thus keeping prices up. Peace Scoring. Prom the Indianapolis Star. Under the naval 'y's scoring sys- tem, it takes three to make a crisis, Endemie, From the St. Louls Times. A famous doctor declares that love a disease. And some f¢ to. their