Evening Star Newspaper, December 4, 1929, Page 5

GAPITAL STARTLED BY SOVIET CHARGES Officials Astonished by Rus- sia’s Accusation Regard- ing “Pressure.” (Continued From First Page.) authorities had stated that an agree- ment between the Russian and Man- churian governments had been signed at Nikolsk, Siberia. U. S. Officials Decline to Comment. President Hoover and Secretary Stim- son were informed of the Russian re- sponse to America’s peace proposals last night, but together with other high officers of the administration ‘declined to_comment. Subordinate officers of the State De- partment, however, were not hesitant about speaking their opinion of the new turn in the Sino-Russian situation. Wonder was expressed as to how the Government's effort to mobilize the public opinion of the world in opposi- tion to war in the Orient and to remind China and Russia of their treaty com- mitments could be construed as other than purely in the interest of peace. Particular significance was attached to the phraseology of the passage as- serting that Russia could not regard the American reminder as a friendly act. It was pointed out that in the parlance of diplomacy this language has come to acquire an especial emphasis and import. ACT IS HELD UNFRIENDLY. Expresses “Amazement” at/ United States Intervention. MOSCOW, December 4 (#).—The Soviet government notified the United States today it could not consider the | American note reminding the Russian and Chinese governments of their Kel. logg pact obligations as a “friendly act.’ In a memorandum handed the French Ambassador, Maurice Herbette, by Maxim Litvinoff, acting commissar for foreign affai the Soviet govern- ment expressed “amazement that the Government of the United States, which by its own will has no official relations with the Soviet, deems it possible to apply to it with advice and counsel.” In another place the memorandum said: “The Soviet government states further that the pact of Paris does not give any single state or group of states the function of protector of this pact. ‘The Soviet, at any rate, never expressed consent that any states themselves, or by mutual consent, should take upon themselves such a right.” Protocol Reported Signed. Prior to publication of the memor- andum announcement was made that Soviet THE EVENING STAR, Text of Russian Note Obligations Is Regard The text of the Russian memorandum, : made public in Moscow, follows: { “The Union of Soviet Socialist Re- publics from the first day of its ex- istence has pursued a policy of peace and unlike other powers has never resorted to military action except as a necessary step for defense due to direct attack on the union or armed interven- tion in its internal affairs. The Soviet" Union has consistently pursued this policy and intends to pursue it inde- | pendently of the Paris pact for aboli- tion of war. “During recent vears the Nanking government, evading by its usual | methods settlement of the conflict by | diplomatic ways, has carried on toward the Soviet Union a provocative policy of violation of the customary rules and treaties notwithstanding the fact that these treaties were not imposed on China by force, but were concluded on the basis of full equality and free will and that the Soviet Union voluntarily surrendered in these treaties extra- territorial consular jurisdiction and ther privileges which the Chinese gov- mment until now has been vainly trying to abolish in regard to other powers, Charges Illegal Seizure. “The climax of this policy was the seizure of the Chinese Eastern Railway without any warning or preliminary presentation of any claims, in violation of existing agreements regarding the Joint administration of the railway. “The Soviet government believes that if action such as that of the Nanking government were taken toward the United States, Great Britain or France it would be considered by their govern- ments sufficient cause for putting into force reservations they made when signing the pact. . “The Soviet government declared when signing that it did not recognize the reservations and did not intend to use them. “The Nanking government not only resorted to illegal seizure of the Chi- nese Eastern Railway, but mobilized long the Soviet Manchurian Railway various sections of which, with counter - revolutionary Russian bands included therein, made systematic attacks on the U. S. S. R, crossing the frontier and firing on units Mc ;e by United States in Reminding Powers of Treaty ed as Unfriendly Act. of the Red army and frontier villages, robbing and violating a peaceful pop- ulation, causing thereby losses of lives and property. “Despite frequent warnings through the German government, these attacks did not cease, but rather increased and compelled the Soviet Far Eastern army, in the interests of defense, protection of the frontier and the peaceful popu- lation, to take cqunter measures. Thus the actions of the Red army. had due considerations of self-defense and were in no wis> violations of any obligations of the Paris pact. “That cannot be said of armed forces in Chinese territory and Chinese ports of those powers who have applied to- day to the Soviet Union with ident! declarations. U. S. Move Held Unfriendly. "“The Soviet government states that the Government of the United States has addressed its declaration at a mo- ment when the Soviet and Mukden governments already had agreed to sev- eral conditions and were proceeding with direct negotiations which would make possible prompt settlement of the conflict between the Soviet Union and China. : “In view of this fact the above decla- ration cannot but be considered unjus- tifiable pressure on the negotiations and cannot therefore be taken as a friendly act. “The Soviet government states fur- ther_that the Paris pact does not give any single state or group of states the function ot protector of this pact. The Soviet, at any rate, never expressed consent that any states themselves or by mutual consent should take upon themselves such a right. “The Soviet government declares that the Soviet Manchurian conflict can be settled only by direct negotiations be- tween the Soviet Union and China on the basis of conditions known to China and already accepted by the Mukden government, and that it cannot admit interference of any other party in these negotiations or the conflict. “In conclusion the Soviet government cannot forbear expressing amazement that the Government of the United States, which by its own will has no official relations with the Soviet, deems it J»mme to apply to it with advice and counsel.” LOOTING REPORTED AS TROOPS MUTINY ' Nationalists Ordered Against “Ironsides” Division Seize Trains in Pukow Area. By the Assoclated Press, SHANGHAI December 4.—Two di- visions of Nationalist troops mutinied yesterday at Pukow and disarmed other loyal troops there. They looted the city's shops, seized rolling stock, and today moved northward looting en route. They had been ordered to proceed to Canton, where the Nanking government is concentrating large forces for a drive against Chang Fak-Wal's “Ironsides” Dllvlslon, which is still threatening that city. Meanwhile the civil war in Honan Province practically has ceased, report- edly because the Nanking government has bought off generals of the revolters. ‘The government troops have advanced successfully into Shensi Province, where they are giving battle to remnants of the Mumoninchun. MUTINY NEWS IS SUPPRESSED. Natfonalist Leaders Are Reticent Re- garding Pukow Incident. NANKING, December 4 (#).—Nation- alist government military leaders were reticent today about a mutiny of troops yesterday at Pukow, across the Yangtse River from here, and the subsequent disorders during which the mutineers seized a train and started northward. The millitary ordered the suppression of news concerning the affair. It ap- pears, however, that the disorders were more serious than at first indicated. Evidently about 1,000 men mutiniea and before they started north lootes every shop in Pukow and overpowers the Nationalist garrison there. Onlg a few soldiers were killed dur- ing the looting. No foreigners were involved, except one unidentified news- reel phof pher, who was reported resent when the trouble started. The looters took his cameras and cash amounting to about $200 Mexican. The whereabouts of the photographer 1s unknown. Izvestia today said that the Soviet gov- ernment did not need any one's advice and directions in settling its conflict with Mukden and would take all neces- sary measures to prevent outside inter- ence. Izvestia accuses the United States, Great Britain and France of attempt- ing to divide the Chinese Eastern Rail- way among themselves by establishing international control, saying that Ameri- can capital has long been itching to lay hands on this profitable enterprise, CHINESE REPLY TO NOTES. mnlpo\‘znuanes of the Moscow and kden provincial governments, con- ferring at Nikolsk-Ussuriisky, a few miles north of Vladivostok, had signed a protocol reorganizing the administra- tion of the disputed Chinese Eastern ‘l:ra!‘l;v"‘l‘y in conformity with the treaties The view was taken in the Moscow memorandum, which was to be for- ‘warded to Paris and Washington, that the American note came at a time ‘when some conditions of the negotia- Natiomalists Claim They Maintained Peaceful Attitude. By the Associated Press. SHANGHAI, December 4—The Na- tionalist government's foreign office at Nanking announced. tonight that identic replies had been dispatched to Wash- ington and London to notes of the American and British Governments con- ing China’s obligations®as a signa- tions already had been af “In view of this fact,” dly | titude, act. ‘The Nikolsk-Ussus signed by Tsai Yun-Shen;) onovsky, agent eign commissaria the Soviet Union. which it recognized were s Peking and Mukden and iflo for joint operation of the railway which crosses Manchuria and provided a short cut for the transsiberian service, Liu Will Be Dismissed. Under provisions of the new Chairman Liu of the board of ‘way will be dismissed and the government will not_insist upon rein- statement of A. I. Emshanov and M. Eismont as manager and assistant man- ager of the railway. Both posts will be filled by Russians, however, and both M. Emshanov and M. Eismont will be appointed to other places on the nllmui.y Sh Tsai Yun-Shen in agreeing said the Mukden government henceforth would conform_strictly to the agreements of 1924. M. Simonovsky accepted the declaration with satisfaction and said the Soviet government always had ful- filled these agreements and would con- tinue to do %o in the future. INTERVENTION IS CRITICIZED. Japanese Paper Declares Action May Prove Harmful, ‘TOKIO, December 4 (#).—The Japa- nese newspaper Jifi Shimpo_editorially asserted today that invocation of the Kellogg anti-war pact by the powers under present circumstances surround- ing the Manchurian situation must be Tegarded as an abuse of that treaty and 18 likely to harm its dignity and validity. “Intervention of the four powers at the present juncture of negotiations is likely to be more harmful than bene ficial,” said the newspaper, adding the | opinion that the United States, Great Britain, France and Italy acted without sufficient consideration of the Chinese domestic situation or the probable effect on the direct peace negotiations under | way between Mukden and Moscow. The paper Hochi Shimbun approved the Japanese government's policy of aloofness and neutrality, in view of Ja- pan’s special relations with both China and Russia, but believed the powers’ declaration beneficial. Officially, though Japan stood alone among the five powers consulted con- cerning issuance of declarations calling to the attention of the two nations their i obligations under the Kellogg pact, Tokio’s determination to remain aloof #tood unaltered today. It was explained that Tokio sympa- thetically understands the American purposes and desires equally with Washington that the integrity of th anti-war pact be upheld, but Tokio" interpretation of the Manchurian sit- uation and her proximity thereto com- pelled her to refrain from action likely to be misunderstood by one or both of the parties in the dispute. Government circles here were appre- ciative of American Secretary of State Stimson’s assurances, sent through Ambassador Debuchi, of America’s sire ,‘w avold interference in Man- churia. SOVIET PRESS SUSPICIOUS. Central Railroad Sought by United States, Is Claim. MOSCOW, December 4 (#).—Suspi- ¢lon and resentment were voiced today in the Soviet press regarding the action ‘The 1924 treaties | tha gz cern! tory of the Kellogg anti-war pact. The foreign office stated that the pon. reply sent to Washington said: “Throughout the present dispute with Soviet Russia, the Nationalist ment has maintained a of n hostile military actions except for self Was | protection as established facts attest. ‘Being consignatory to meNtruly for es of self protection and defenss of ter- ritorial sovereignty against external in- vasion, faithfully’ abide by the pact’s article two, and that she was ready at any time within reasonable limits to negotiate with the Soviet government for settlement of the present dispute. “The Nationalist government has al- ways reposed implicit confidence in the aforesaid treaty and has desisted from acting contrary to its spirit. It will em;xltlnue to adhere to its reiterated policy.” ARMY OFFICER RETIRED. Lieut. Col. Stallings Quits Active Duty, Due to Disability. Lieut. Col. Amos R. Sfallings, on duty in the Judge Advocate General's office, War Department, has been placed on the Army retired list in the grade of colonel, on account of disability incident to the service. A native of West Vir- finh‘ he served as a brigadier general the State National Guard from March, 1907, to March, 1909, and in the World War as a. lieutenant colonel and judge advocate in the National Army. In July, 1920, he was appointed a lieu- tenant colonel in the Judge Advocate (A)enerll't Department of the Regular rmy. Along a stretch of road 330 miles long the Transaustralian Railway runs with- out a single curve. B o COMMUNISTS SLAY American Mission Says Re- tention of Army Is Neces- sary in Region. By the Associated Press. AMOY, December ‘Belated infor- mation coming from Kanchow, Kiangsi Province, stated today that a Com- munist army, which in reality was a bandit horde that in recent months has been ravishing and looting the country- side south of Fukien, Northeast Kwang- tung Province, now is operating in the Southern half of Kiangsi. It was reported that the outlaws last Sunday entered Kangchow and par- ticipated in an orgy of murder and loot- ing, slaying in two days about 100.Chis nese officials and members of the gentry. An American Catholic mission there, which has 18 nuns and priests, was re- ported to be attempting to communicate with authorities outside the area seek- ing protection. Due to m informa- tion, their situation and which authori- tl-i:‘ e;hey appealed to were not deter- mined. SITUATION HELD SERIOUS, Mission Leader Asks for Retention of Troops. SHANGHAI, December 4 (#).—The Shanghai headquarters of the Lazarus Mission, which is represented at Kan- chow, scene of reported wholesale mur- der and looting, received a telegram from its Kanchow branch November 30, saying, “Reds have captured the cities about Kanchow, and the situation is serfous.” Headquarters of the mission are at Germantown, Pa. “Government troops are leaving the area,” continued the telegram from the mission, “and we are unprotected. Ap- to the Nationalist government at Nanking to prevent the troops from Ask the assistance of the American and French authorities.” The telegram, signed by Bishop O'Shea of Philadelphia, has been for- warded to the American legation in Peiping, which requested the Nationalist government foreign office at Nanking to maintain sufficient troops at Kan- chow to protect the missionaries. The Nationalist government has not replied to_the request. Local headquarters of the mission ADVERTISENEN ( RECEIVED HERE Hunton’s Pharmacy—9th & U Sts. Is a Star Branch Office You can get applicants for SCORES IN KIANGSI have been seeking to communicate with Kanchow, but thus far have been un- successtul. A letter from the Kanchow mission, dated November 15,.said: “Conditions are uncertain. At Shing- kuo, 50 miles from Kanchow, the Reds having a glorious holiday of looting and kfllln%ofisubllahlnc a Red govern- ment. Nobody dares molest them. ‘““The Reds in the Kanchow area total many thousands. Communism has been forced on the .Shingkuo ple. Our missionaries there were withdrawn and are now at Kanchow. It is unlikely they will return soon. “Unless there is an army present, no- body can live with the Reds with se- curity.” Lays 302 Eggs in 336 Days. Creating a record for any officially recogn test, a white Wyandotte at Witley, England, has won a prize by laying 302 in 336 days. The bird ‘was observed to see what she could ao in a full year. She laid 320 365 days, 284 eggs eggs being first grade and 45 just under 2 ounces. | eral | limited,” the repo WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1929. EVILS OF LIQUOR USE SHOWN IN DRAMA Some of the players in the Citizens' Service Association murder drama in its drive for law enforcement. The trial given its first presentation last night. wa Capt. Robert E. Doyle, G. D. Woods, T. B. Jarvis, Ernest A. Short and David McBride, Merle Van Kirk, Mrs. ‘Orie Moody, Laura Lindley and O. G. Christgan, In the photo, back row, left to right: Clarence Kiefer, Gus Cerimele, Police A. Hart. Sitting, left to right: Mrs, F. S. —Star Staff Photo. TAX CUT PROPOSAL IS GIVEN CONGRESS BY TREASURY CHIEF rcnmmgo@tjqn $4,225,727,666 and spend $4,102,~ 8,700. lect 93 Corporation Taxes High. In asking that the corporation tax be reduced 1 per cent the Secretary pointed to statistics which he said showed that corporations were taxed 24.46 per cent of their income; whereas 2,059,000 individuals had an average rate of taxation of 0.46 per cent. “The number of individuals con- tributing directly to the support of the Federal Government through the Fed- income tax has been strictly rt said, “and of those contributing the vast majority pay but an insignificant amount at a very low rate. Of 2,434,000 individuals return- ing taxable income 2,059,000 returned but $32,3861,000 of income tax, while 375,000 individuals returned a net tax of $1,109,000,000. The average rate of tax on the net inocmes of the 2,059,000 individuals was 0.42 per cent, whereas the million of individuals who owned stock in corporations were that year paying through corporations 12 per cent on the profits of the business en- terprise in which they were sharehold- ers.” The figures were from a study in |of the 1927 returns. In 1927, the Secretary continued, cor- porations paid $5,786,000,000 in divi- dends, so that for every dollar in divi- dends they declared they paid 46 cents in _taxes. Mr. Mellon declared the Federal Re- | serve Board had endeavored to guard against undue extension of credit through speculative channels and to conserve the country’s resources for the purpose of meeting the future require- ments of industry and trade. He called attention to the extension of group banking and urged that Congress study the situation. It was hoped, however, he said, that any further extension of group and branch banking “will pro- ceed with moderation and that hasty legislation, either to liberalize or con- striet limitations now in effect, will be avoided.” Out of 8,707 banks in the Federal re- serve system 354 were operating 2,201 branches, he said. Foot Binders of Peiping. Notwithstanding the agitation in China to get the native women to aban- don the foot-binding custom it seems that there are many who refuse to get in line with the modern ideas. When the campaign was well started the statement was made that the women in the cities were generally welcoming the freedom that would result by the un- blndlgin[ of their feet, but it seems that this is not the fact as shown by a recent census in the city of Peiking. This showed that the city was the home of 1,242,718 persons, which included less than 2,000 allens. Of the Chinese residents 518,014 are women and girls and the census reveals that 91,025 of them still bind their feet. Only 391 men still wear the old-fashioned queues. Some day you'll buy her a Frigidaire - Why not for CHRISTMAS? Every household model is now Porcelain-on-steel And any size O you select can be delivered for Christmas F COURSE she wants Frigidaire! And some day you’ll buy it. So why not make that some day now? of the United States, Great Britain, Prance and Italy in their notes regard- ing the obligations of the Kellogg and at the attitude taken by the Nan- king government in China toward the Manchurian negotiations. ‘There was even some slight skepticism in Moscow circles despite the rapid agreement reached by the Soviet and Chinese representatives because thus far it is only a paper agreement and needs actual fulfilment of the promises said to have been given by Mukden to re- store the joint operations of the Chinese Eastern Railwa: way. It is likely that in the near future the Soviet government will appoint a new manager And assistant manager of the raflway, who will take up their duties at Harbin. Discussing the notes on the Kellogg pact, the official Government organ | | | \ | I | | THE s STAR BRANCH OFFICES ABOVE SIGN DISPLAYED BY AUTHORIZED positions both in your home and business from sources which you could discover in no other way except through a Classified Advertisement in The Star. Those seeking employment, or the opportunity to change, read the Help Wanted columns in The Star regularly. You_can leave the copy for Star Classified Ads at any of the Branch Offices, located in practically every neighborhood in and around Washington. There are no fe:ll for Branch Office service; only regular rates are charged. a The Star prints such an over- whelmingly greater volume of Classified Advertising every day than any other Washing- ton paper that there can be no question as to which will give you the best results. “Around the Corner” is e Star Branch Office Give her a Frigidaire for Christmas. Give her the convenience of making desserts with the famous Frigidaire “Cold Control.” Give her the care-free refrigera- tion assured by Frigidaire’s surplus power. Give her the advantages of self-sealing freezing trays that permit two widely different temperatures in the same cabinet. In other words, give her Frigidaire. Then you'll be sure she’ll have a truly modern electric refrigerator. She’ll have a cabinet of striking beauty in rust-proof Porcelain- 8. KANN SONS CO) g ‘it & Market Spacs o W VECTO 646 H DULIN & Conn, Ave, on-steel inside and out. She’ll have the extra power and. incredible quietness of the Frigidaire mechanical unit . . . a unit that is completely enclosed within the cabinet. And she’ll have the convenient arrangement of the roomy, waist-high Frigidaire shelves. than a MARTIN, & L Sts, STORE: St. N.E. LANSBURG! N e th & E !‘w‘N.‘W‘? OMAS ELEC b T st e w00 XAN! 9 ROCKV! N 1 L 4 ILLE. MD, Enright -% ATTSV] L Motor Company REYNOLDS DENIES WORLD BANK POST OFFERED HIM New -York Financier Declares He Would Resign Place if It Should Be Tendered. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, December 4.—Jackson E. Reynolds, president of the First Na- tional Bank of New York, who has been abroad in his capacity of chairman of the organization committee of the Bank for International Settlements, returned yesterday on the French liner Ile de France. Mr. Reynolds denied reports that he is to head the bank in the event of its acceptance by the interested govern- ments. He said that even if he were offered the presidency, which has not occurred, he would not accept it. Melvin A. Traylor, president of the First National Bank of Chicago, a member of the organization committee, returned on the Majestic. Except to say that he found in Eu- rope an encouraging spirit of co-opera- tion, he declined to comment on the work of the committee. Mr. Traylor said the recent slump in the stock market would leave the coun- try financlally healthier than before, The oldest live stock raisers’ organi- zation in the United States is said to be the National Wool Growers’ Asso- ciation, which was organized in 1865. w5 DRYS STRESS CASE IN'MURDER TRIAL Drama Tending to Show Evils of Liquor Presented at Calvary Church. Intent upon arousing public senti- ment in support of law observance, the Committee of 500 for Law Observance and Law Enforcement presented a dramatization of an Iowa murder trial Ir: the Calvary Baptist Church last eve- ning. At the conclusion of an interesting presentation of evidence in a case in which a youth, Frank Lloyd, killed his best friend in a drunken brawl, Rev. Willlam 8. Abernethy, tor of the church, who took the role of presiding Jjudge, translated a jury’s finding of guilty in terms of eight years' impris- onment. Following the trial he called before the court the bootlegger whom testi- mony identified as having sold whisky to young Lloyd. He denounced him as “a disgrace to human soclety, scum of the earth,” and revoked a sentence pre- viously suspended and sentenced him to a year in jail after expressing regret that he could not be more severe. This was the high point of a dramati- zation in which 24 Washingtonians, in- cluding Mrs. F. Scott McBride, wife of the general superintendent of the Anti- Saioon League, and Capt. Robert E. Doyle, commanding the eighth police precinct, had parts. Mrs. McBride had the role of chief witness against the defendant and Capt. Doyle scted as foreman of the jury. Others who took part were Gus Cerimele, as the bootlegger; O. G. Christgau, prosecuting attorney; T. B. Jervis, defense attorney; David A. Hart, coroner; Merle Van Kirk, defendant; Miss Laura Lindley, widow of Earl Wright, the man killed; Mrs. Orrel Moody, mother of the defendant: Clarence M. Kiefer, court reporter: Ernest A. Short, balliff, and James S. McCarthy, sheriff. The jury was composed of men and women drawn from various church and temperance organizations in the District as follows: E. M. Bryan, Ishmael Bur- ton, A. Turner Cox, Percy Foster, C. C. Harris, Bart Pigman, Mrs. N. M. Pol- lock, Miss Elizabeth Reiss, Mrs. H. Ed- son Rogers, Mrs. George A. Ross and Mrs. J. B. Williams. The second of & series of four meet- ings arranged by the committee will be held this evenin, First Con st Congregational Ghurch, XORANR NN RNXN We Can Sapply - Everything to. Enclose Your Back Porch Sheetrock. paint a lware. 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