Evening Star Newspaper, October 16, 1929, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunda; Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. ‘WEDNESDAY. . .October 16, 1920 | i { { | THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company le it st and Pennsylvania Ave. Dlexe B gi"filcmu‘!ufld ing. i Hirotean Ofice; Bt Bt.. London, ; England. | Rate by Carrier Within the City. ! rening Star. .45¢ per month The Evening S aui ¥ hen 4 Sundaye) " 60c per month T Evening and Sunday Siar (when 8 Bunds: 65¢ per month unday Star _8¢ mer copy jection made at'the ¢ len month. ders may e sent in by mall or telephone fAtional 5000, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. 1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ 1 yr., $8.00: 1 mol, 50¢ 1 yr, $4.00; 1 mo.. 40c States and Canada. 1 yr., $12.00; 1 mo. s,00 yrl, 1m ‘1 yr, $5.00; 1 mo,, Assoclated Press. jated Press is cxclusively entitled iblication of il rews dig- it or mot otherwise cr e Assoc to the use for repu atches credited in this paper and also the local news ibiished herein. All rights of publica:ion of special dispatches herein are also reserved. = A Fast Worker Comes Home. Gen. Dawes is home again, under- slung pipe and all. He has smoked it to considerable purpose since deserting the wind of Chicago for the fog of London, and British-American relations are vastly the better therefor. ‘The United States Ambassador to the Court of St. James's is entitled, if any man in Uncle S8am’s service ever was, 10 the title of fast worker. It is barely four months since Gen. Dawes was dis- patched to Great Britain. He returns to the United States, with the special mission assigned him, to bring about an Anglo-American naval understanding, practically accomplished. That is shirt- sleeve diplomacy with a glorious vengeance. ‘The broader significance of Ambas- dence of fealty for Chiang Kai-Shek. But there comes the rub. Wha can tell whether this is a sincere sign of Na- tionalist allegiance on the part of Yen or a camoufiage to hide a combination of Feng-Yen forces? It is known that Yen is ambitious to be the balance of power in China, just as it is known that Feng is ambitious to be the head of | the national government. In this connection keen interest at- taches to a statement made at Mukden by Marshal Chang Hsueh-Liang, the military governor of the “three eastern provinces,” son of the late Chang Tso- Lin, replying to the manifesto of the Kuominchun generals to the effect that if their charges against the Nanking government are substantiated sweep- ing changes must be made. This sim+ ply means that the young marshal, who is in effect ruler of Manchuria, is ready to throw his influence and perhaps his forces into the scale against the Na- tionalist government if it begins to falter. It 1s to be hoped for the sake of peace in China and the development of strong government there that Yen has sin- cerely espoused the cause of the Nan- king administration and that Marshel Chang Hsueh-Liang wili likewise re- main loyal to it and that they will work for such reforms as are necessary to give China at last a strong, competent, progressive government. R Visitors’ View of Washington, Visitors to Washington, be they resi- dents of other American cities or Brit- sador Dawes' effective activities in Lon- don 1s its vindication of the theory that the modern business man is the type of diplomatist called for by present-day | international conditions. His maiden mission in Great Britain was not con- cerned with commerce, but he applied to its execution the direct-action methods of commerce—methods which find no place in the diplomatic code of tradition. President Hoover's major foreign service appointments to date have been given exclusively to men of affairs—Dawes, sent to London; Gar- rett, to Rome; Guggenheim, to Havana; Laughlin, to Madrid, and, presently, Edge to Paris. Messrs. Dawes, Garrett and Laughlin have all had previous duty abroad, but they are drafted from com- mercial activities this year for am- bassadorial service. ‘War, in the ordinary and sanguinary sense, is renounced by the Kellogg pact. But the war for trade is still on. It is going to be a fiercer war than ever as the months and years roll by. The United States has a fabulous stake in the new world war—an annual export volume of ten billion dollars. Our business rivals are intent upon reducing that trade and capturing for themselves as much of it as they ean. Witness the new Anglo-Canadian trade compact and the Anglo-Argentine business treaty— deals almed directly at our two most profitable markets in the Western ‘Hemisphere. In the contest in which our great nation of manufacturers and farmers is now engaged throughout the globe, we have need of rapid-fire diplomats of the Dawes and Morrow type. The “career man” has his place in the American foreign service, but he is not always in the right place when he is stationed in a forelgn country where American business must fight to hold its own. The ‘“career man” is not blamable on that account. It is his misfortune that his professional train- ing and background do not equip him for the new diplomacy, which is the diplomacy of trade. In the diplomacy of the past, America’s “career men" have given, and in many cases are still giving, satisfactory accounts of them- selves. ‘The pursuit of knowledge is impor- tant. Yet investigation does not always appear to add greatly to the sum of human enlightenment. — e The Chinese Puzzle. The confusion that is China is ren- dered worse confounded by happenings Just reported, with unmistakable signs of accuracy. Fighting is in progress in Hunan Province, which lies between Peiping, the ancient capital, and Nan- king, the new capital. Nationalist gov- ernment forces have been engaged in at first desperate and then discreet combat with the Kuominchun army, supposedly commanded by Marshal Feng Yu-Hsiang, the “Christian gen- eral,” their discretion being manifested in a withdrawal when the Kuominchun troops were heavily reinforced. But it * ia not the actual outbreak of hostilities between the Nanking and the Feng forces that causes the mix-up further confusing the situation. For a well ac- credited report states that Gen. Yen Hsi-Shan, the “model” governor of Shansi and Chihli Provinces, has “ar- rested” Marshal Feng, his erstwhile friend and ally. ‘This would on its face appear to clarify instead of complicate the situ- ation in China, for if Yen has actually cast his influence /and his forces into the balance with the Nationalist gov- ernment the game would, for the pres- ent at least, be won by Chiang Kai- ish statesmen, observe here evidences of & change from a long unfinished state to an early completion of plans for the Natiopal Capital. Unless they are well informed upon arrival they will think of the Federal city as unkempt. In the very front of the Union Station stretches an area of irregular outlines, partly cleared, partly occupled. Visi- tors have to be told that this is in the way of becoming a part of the Capitol Park, and that in a few seasons it will be linked up by & boulevard with Penn- sylvania avenue and with the Mall. But it has stood for so long in its present condition that & statement of the fact that specific authorization has been given for its development is required. Then when the incoming guest of the city moves down to Pennsylvania avenue he sees a disarray that causes him to wonder. He does not know, until defi- nitely informed, that a process of land purchase and condemnation is under way for the clearance of a large area that will serve as the site for a group of handsome public buildings, on the north side, constituting the District's municipal center. That will remove one of the present blights upon the Capital. TFarther to the west and on the south- emn side the visitor sees evidences of some construction work, but it takes the service of a guide who is aware of conditions to inform him that this is the beginning of a great project of Government building which will not only provide adequately, for the first time, for the transaction of the Fed- eral administrative business, but will remove another of the scars that have for many years disfigured the city, a long stretch of decadent structures, ‘When he goes up on Capitol Hill the visitor notes an irregularity of develop- ment in the surroundings of the great “state house” of the Nation, Three impressive structures flank the park, public bulldings of attractive design. There are some blank spaces and some sections that are occupied, but un- worthily in consideration of the sur- roundings. The visitor again needs to be told that here, too, there is definite promise of betterment, that legislation and appropriation have been secured to create here new and much needed Gov- ernment buildings, a Supreme Court and an additional housing for legisla- tive offices. And it also must be set forth that the process of securing land to the southwest of the Capitol for the extensiof of the Botanic Garden 15 under way, All these works, now in hand and immediately in prospect, are progressing satisfactorily at last. It has taken & good many years to reach this point of development. It will take several years more to complete the projects, perhaps a decade. The Washingtonian, often disappointed by unkept promises and discouraged by the tardiness of -action, is now elate with the prospect of ful- fillment. He sees the picture of promjse and is rejoiced. He tries to make every guest of the city understand the mean- ing of the present disarrangement, which to him is a token of progress toward the ideal Capital City. And he hopes that while these works, are in the course of fuifiment othel nesds will not be neglected and other prob- lems will not arise to await belated solution. % Let the incoming guest be fully and clearly told of the state of things in Washington, so that he may return to his own people and tell them of the promise that is here of an American model city. e O1d detective stories were built around the idea that professional detectives did not know their business. The independ- ent sleuth comes to prominence in the Shek, the President at Nar':ing. But the genuineness of this “afrest” is gravely doubted. Feng has been Yen's guest for some time past. They were clotely allied in the Spring, dwhen Feng went on the warpath. When Feng an- nounced, after the suspension of hostil- ities, that he was going abroad—which merely meant that he was to make & recuperative trip to Japan—Yen de- clared that under the terms of an agreement he had with Feng he would also have to leave the country. Therc- upon President Chiang Kai-Shek has- tened from Nanking to Peiping to per- suade Yen to remain in China. There were some very coniplicated maneuvers &t the old capital. Yen avoided a meet- ing with Chiang Kai-Shek for some time, finally going' to a hospital on a plea of iliness, At last the President got to the governor and certain persua- sive arguments were ergployed and Yen news pages, no less than in those of fiction. e Ball Players’ Finances. Now that the playing of the world series has been ended, the public is be~ ing treated to a little base ball book- keeping conducted in the open. It is announced that the games were attend- ed by 190,490 people; that the total re- ceipts were $859,494; the players’ share, $388,086.66, each contending club get: ting $192,738.97; each league's share, $192,728.97; the ' advisory council share;$85,949. Later will probably come some statement 8s to how the money will be split up for the benefit of the . THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 16, 1929. before the public, comes word from St. Petersburg, Fla, of the flling at that city of the will of the late Miller Hug- gins, long manager of the New York American League team, and for years before & successful, highly paid player. With the will was a statement to the effect that his estate amounted to a quarter of & million dollars, which is to be divided between his sister and two brothers. Huggins was an un- usual ball plsyer in many respects, and particularly so in his saving habits and thrift. His accumulation of a fortune, while not without precedent, was ex- ceptional. Although ball players’ sal- arfes have been large for a good many years and the personal habits and busi- ness qualifications of the players have greatly improved, they are not, as 8 | class, money savers. Yet the average of thrift among them is much higher than, in the old days of the game. Huggins’ fortune undoubtedly re- sulted in large pert from successful investments with his savings. He was in a position to get good “tips” on stocks from admiring friends active in the financial game in New York. It is not known whéther he was much of a speculator. The result shows that he ‘was probably an investor rather than a margin player. . He had the advantage of several considerable “slices” of world series money, which he probably in his thrifty spirit regarded as capital rather than as extra spending cash. It is recalled in this connection that when several years ago the Washington team won its first league pennant, and its thtis far only world championship, sev- eral of the members of the club salted away their world series money in first- class investments. It is to be hoped they still hold them, and that they are on the way to such an accumulation as that which Miller Huggins' will now discloses. —_— et ‘The world is willing to admit that there is no kind of aviation feat that Col. Lindbergh is not able to accom- plith, There is now a wish that he would consent to forget some of the spectacular achievement and give his talents to the laborious desk work which may prove so much more important. ———————— Bas: ball offers a reminder each year that honest sport is a help in preventing a public from taking the world too seri- ously. It gives opportunity for enthusi- asm without resentments and stands in- variably for the spirit of fair play. Cole Blease has had his troubles in South Carolina, but an energetic per- son he seems willimg to take on a few more in connection with the affairs of the District of Columbia. [=——— His visit will enable Ramsay Mac- donald to assure the English people that Americans, like themselves, are not so careless-minded as to be looking for any quarrel, ¢ — It is a long time till the next presi- dential election. Organization depends, as usual, on the advantages to be at- tained by making an early start. o SHOOTING STARS. There is a cause for wonder in the fact that so many persons have con- suming interests outside their business, and a certain sadness that they have not so contrived life that such interests are their true businesses. Store clerks specialize on the side in singing ‘oratorios, bread wagon drivers theatricals, and writers long to become architects. Consider the man in one walk of life, whatever it may be, who shows a tre- mendous interest in the design of homes. He should have been an archi- tect, yet fate made him something else. Now and then, as he goes through the world, he realizes poignantly that he has made-a tactical error. Whence comes this consuming interest of his in staircases, rooms, ches, roofs, if it were not divinefy intended that he be a home builder? He sees the faults in houses, old and new, the moment he sets eyes on them, or steps inside the front door. Also he gathers the good points without effort. The glib real estate salesman, with a goggle eye on his commission, easily blinks facts, but our sad hero never misses & thing. “How will you get the ashes out?” he asks, pointedly, befors any one has noticed that there is, indeed, no way of getting the ashes out. He is a practieal house designer, one who would have forgotten no everyday necessity, yet who would have combined these stern facts with the more in- tangible, yet no less compelling, “laws of color, design and architecture-at- large. * K kK Old and new houses, ‘he likes them for what they are, and builds up for himself no likes and dislikes which act as barriers to appreciation. How many people there are who create unnecessary oppositions for them- selves, self-imposed hurdles, which they spend the remainder of their life kick- ing their shins against! This life is so large and beautiful (for those who make it so, and for those who have it made so for them) that it would seem impossible that very many persons would go out of their way to make for themselves any quantity of these hurdles, which do nothing but impede their realization of good quali- tles in other men and other men's possessions. Yet these hurdles exist in such large numbers eyerywhere that one is faced with the belief that men make them purposely, in order to escape from something. They do not want to face facts, but prefer to see life according to a preconceived plan of their own or some one else's making. Of course, this is their own business. Yet one would submit that they are missing something. . Our gentleman who likes houses communes with them much as the elder- American poets did with Nature. It was the woods which won Bryant's heart, the solitudes which charmed Emerson, the wild sea beaches which stirred Longfellow. Domestic poets of & new generation are those civilized beings who love the interiors of homes, and specialize in knnwie? how they ought to be both for best_effect and superior utility. Effect and utility are the two sides to every house. The effect is a thing- in-itself, fust as the usage is a thing- in-itself, but each combines with the other to make the perfect home. ‘The “perfect home,” it might as well be- admitted, does not exist. Many f2milies have attempted to build it, but every one of them would admit that erfection had mnot been reached. mething or other has been forgotten. Short of true perfection, scarcely reached in any human affair, & home BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, ‘Where Music Flows. Mary had a phonograph s ‘That played a jazz release; And when her friends enjoyed their ' 1augh, " Folks called for the police. ‘They danced till 1 or 2 am., And sometimes 3 or 4. ‘When neighbors telephoned to them, ‘They even danced some more. For much of this hilarious fun The phonograph's to blame— Yet who would call on Edison To referee the game? Willing to Oblige. “Are you a wet or a dry? “Write your own ticket,” answered Senator Sorghum. “You have a lot of vote influence. And for the purpose of the present interview, I'm in agreement with your ideas, whatever they are.” Jud Tunkins says he wishes it was | as easy to make friends as it is to make enemies. New Perils. Steambost comin’ Toun’ de bend! Tain’ much threat dat it'kin send. A new danger passes by— See dat airplane in de sky! Not Only in the Auto. “Does your wife drive from the back seat?” “Of course,” sald Mr. Chuggins, “and from the library chair and from the dinner place and every other kind of seat there is.” “War,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of China- town, “will begome impossible when men no longer find it the most fasci- nating topic of conversation.” . Shifting Appearances. In new disguise the same old chap To claim attention doth appear. The “lobbyist” is off the map— ‘The “propagandist” now draws near. “A lazy man,” sald Uncle Eben, “has to git industrious in findin’ somebody to take care of him.” Bus Schedules. fFrom the Detroit News. While we do not know the man who gets up the time schedules for inter- state buses, we feel that he is an optimist. . — et Hills Better Than Strand. From the New Castle News. Another thing that makes the moun- tains appealing is the knowledge that you look*like’ thunder in a bathing sult. —————————— Don’t Blame Him., From the Tulsa Dally World. Tip to tourists: The filling station man is not really to blame for the con- dition of the roads over which he routes you. % =t Up-to-Date Chicago. Chicago progress” for its world's fair in 1933. Doubtless the latest type machine gun will be an outstanding feature. individual Philadelphia and Chicago players. Each player participating in the series and avpilable for service in it will get several thousand dollars. 1t is something of » coincidence that agreed to stay at home. This compli- " just as the world series ends and these el Fong's plans and e ’ tema of exia compensation sre- lajd A Spanking. From the Beloit Dally News. President Hoover's naval yardstick nm.w be its- nw:‘t” eze.c‘u;: ety g . 3 " THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL, ought to combine certain standard ap- proaches to perfection, easily arrived at, with certain differences, also easily enough secured. A house must not be “cut and dried.” The lay-qut of rooms must present ele- ments of difference from other houses if it is to be a real home. Just how large this element must be there is no precise saying. It is rather an element of surprise, which catches the atten- tion, and later will attract the atten- tion of guests. ‘The colonial houses of the better tKDe secured it with a “fan light” above the door. Here artists labored to se- cure perfection, so that those who stood on the steps, waiting for the door to open, came under their in- fluence, although it was unconscious. * Kk ok ok Sincerity plays a part here as else- where. The teacher who believes what he teaches, although he may be wrong, often proves a better instructor than one who attempts to teach the right thing with his tongue in his cheek. ‘The failure of many homes of today is in their utter paucity of the element of surprise. It may be no more than a step up somewhere, or a step down, but a house must have it to some de- gree. A cut-and-dried type house is all very well, but it lacks that certain something which endears it to the connoisseur. There are jewelry experts and tea tasters, there should be ex- perts, who might specialize in helping builders introduce the master stroke. It might prove practical for a committee to visit all the homes in a given area and select the one or two points of difference, the true elements of surprise, which they contain. ‘Then it might not be jmpractical to incorporate as many of ‘these ele- ments as cost would permit in future buildings. If protest should be made that such an introduction of “elements of sur- prise” would take the surprise out of them, we can but reply that nothing of the kind can happen. A home stands as a unit, and will always be so judged; it it posdesses a true element of sur- prise, or of interest, it makes no dif- ference how many houses have it—up to a certain point, of course. This certaln point certainly exists. If it did not, earth would be heaven. * Kk * Perfection of the elements of use in home building would clearly settle the positions of doors, windows, space for ~furniture—including bookcases— clothes drying, garage, ashes, garbage, trash and the hundred and one other necessities of a modern homé. One has but to make a tour with an idea of purchase to discover that many homes are lacking in one or more of these elements. A kitchen may be too small to permit the introduction of a refrigerator, either of the electric or ice type. In scores of similar and re- lated ways a house may be inadequate in respect to plain, everyday living, the basis of every real home. The man with a love for houses has no ax to grind, either for old houses against new, or new against old. He accepts them all, asking only that they live up as far as possible to his co-ordinated ideas of what a house should be. One must see scores of houses, and each with an open mind, before he can 8o co-ordinate his ideas of a home to make his standards easily applicable. In nothing is the old saying more true, “He has eyes yet he sees not.” One who has. not studied the matter with love and interest overlooks a hundred points, but he who knows his houses, although he may be a shoe clerk or a trombone player, sees everything. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS 8Y FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. All and sundsy connected with Mr. Macdonald's recent visit to Washington will probably come in for airing and debate early in the December session of Congress. Senator Arthur Capper, Re- publican, of Kansas, plans as early as possible to press his arms-embargo joint resolution. He is encouraged to do so by the world-peace atmosphere gen- erated throughout the United States by the Macdonald-Hoover negotiations. ‘The Capper resolution 1s now in the foreign relations committee. It calls for a law which would prevent the exporta- ion of arms and munitions from the United States to any signatory nation violating the Kellogg-Briand pact. Since he launched his resolution a year ago, Senator Capper has received & shoal of newspaper editorials and letters from people in all parts of the country, ap- proving his proposal and urging its adoption. The freedom-of-the-seas is- sue is directly involved in the Capper scheme. Many authorities think the Kansan's project is exactly what is needed to give the anti-war pact body, soul, bone and sinew. B Ambassador Dawes, who has just reached the United States from Great Britain, sought a leave of absence at this time in order to put in some licks in his home town for the Chicago ‘World’s Fair of 1933. The show lies close to Gen. Dawes’' heart. He probably ‘would have devoted his whole time to it if President Hoover had not drafted him for the diplomatic service. Since Dawes went abroad last Summer, Chi- cago's plans have been substantially promoted by New York’s decision not to hold a rival international exposition in 1933. Late London pi phs of the Ambassador disclose that he has apparently succumbed over there to a sartorial feature he stubbornly resisted at home. For years Dawes has worn a collar that is a cross between the old- fashioned ‘“lay-down,” the high-stand- ing and the double turned-down tfl:- terns. It was neither one of the e and yet all of them put wgeme‘ Now Gen. Dawes is pictured in a fhodish wing collar. * ok ok % ‘Washington's 1929-30 crop of debu- tantes, a social arbiter assures this ob- server, will be the biggest in the Capi- tal's history. Ordinarily, the buds num- ber 35 or 40. This Fall and Winter ‘there'll be 75 or 80 of the sweet young things making their bows to soclety. As usual, they'll be r?vrmnnflve geo- graphically not only of America, but of the world, for daughters of foreign en- yoys are in the list. “Coming out” in ‘Washington long since became the smartest thing of the kind in American soclety. Aspiring mammas and acqui- escent, papas recognize the uncommonly choice matrimonial mart which the cosmopolitan life of the Capital affords —a the advantages of other cities. It's.said to cost & round minimum of $1,000 to “launch” a “deb” in Washington, and an from - that up which doting parents care to pay. * %k % % Rear Admiral Willlam A.. Moffett, U. 8. N, chief of the Navy's Burea of Aeronautics, has just broadcast some ‘Booms in ,” said the “do not make us lead Lobbying has piled up a considerable literature of its own in America, and members of the Senate judiciary sub- committee are digging into it nowadays, with a view to the investigation about to get under way. The latest contribu- tion to the Nation's knowledge on Washington high-pressure methods is a book entitled “Group Representation Before Congréss,” by Dr. E. Pendleton Herring. It is published by the Insti- tute for Government Research of the Brookings Institution. Significant top- lcs treated include the news value of ‘Washington “releases,” the methods and reputation of the old lobby, the social lobby, the transition from old to new methods and the plan of operations of existing lobbies in their relation to ex- ecutive departments and Congress. Among organizations scrutinized are the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, the several trade and farm associations, ihe American Fed- eration of Labor and other labor groups, the Federal Employes Union, the Na- tional Reague of Women Voters, the Anti-Saloon League, veterans’ organiza- tions and various patriotic and pacifist societies. * K ok % President Hoover reveals afresh his kéen sense of political psychology by at- tending a world series base bail game. He likes base ball, but is not a fan. By dashing off to Philadelphia on Oc- tober 14 he took cognizance that the country, as a whole, is a community of base ball lovers and that he does not feel it right to be out of step. For many years Hoover’s close friends have been doing their best—which turned out to be not very good—to fire him with en- thusiasm for outdoor sports. Fishing is about the President’s only weakness. But there are those who claim that fishing is an occupation and not.a game. Hoover seems to share some of George Bernard Shaw’s antipathies. In the British “Who's Who” Shaw puts down as his recreation, “Anything ex- cept sport.” * K K K Ramsay Macdonald is looking for- ward with particular keenness to meet- ing in Canada this week the American who has made so brilliant a success in administering the Canadian National Railways—Sir Henry W. Thornton. Thornton is a Hoosier and admits hav- ing been born in Logansport, 58 years ago. He took hold of the Canadian tional system in 1922, when it wa chronic breeder of annual deficits, after making a tremendous success in rail- way management in England and as di- rector general of military tr: - tion in France. Nowadays—atfter seven years of the Thornton touch—the Ca- nadian National is a regular contributor of profits to the Dominion treasury. Na- tionalization of public utilities is a para- mount issue with the British Labor party. Prime Minister Macdonald is sure to make a talking point of “Thorn- ton’s road” in Parliament and on the British hustings in days to come. (Copyright, 1929.) ———ee Two of a Kind. Prom the Ottaws Journal. ‘Those two distinguished Celts, J: Ramsay Macdonald and Cornelius )‘l'::f Gillicuddy, were in Philadelphia at the same time, ——ee Lobby vs. Lobbyist. From the Lowell Evening Leader. With all this talk of propaganda i ‘Washington, we may m%e. the or(m‘z ization of a lobby against the lobbyists. ————— . Hang-Dog Luck. From the Toleds Blade. They say & bear will not look & man in the eye, and after two games the g ‘were inclined to be like Hard on Hens. Polities at Large By G. Gould Lincoln. ' Congress, or rather the Senate, strug- gles with the tariff bill, a deadlock threatening this legislation and various contesting groups trying to place the responsibility—if the bill fails—upon some one else than themselves. The Democrats are blam the President. Senator Borah of Idaho, a leader of the group of Progressive Republicans of the West which has joined with the Democrats in the Senate to strike from the tariff bill the flexible provisions which President Hoover desires re- tained, places the blame on the Presi- dent and_on those Republican Senators and on the Republican House who are standing by increased tariff duties on manufactured commedities. The Re- publicans, however, are seeking to fix the responsibility on the Democratic- Republican-Progressive coalition, And while the fight goes on, the Republican leadership in the Senate is having a terrible time trying to find some. way out of the difficulty. * k. BOF If the tariff bill fails because of & deadlock, Congress is going to find the country blaming Congress rather than the President, in all probability. Mr. Hoover called Congress in special ses- sion to deal with the farm problem and with tariff revision. A tariff revision was planned to aild the farmers, and also some of the industries which have suffered in recent years from foreign competition. The President recom- mended a “limited tariff revision.” He has never changed that position. "It was what the farmers and the rest of the country expected) If Congress does not produce a tariff bill of that char- acter, the country will look to Congress as the cause. That is the reason that s1e leaders of the various groups are so anxiously trying to shift the blame for any tie-up to shoulders other than their own. The Democrats have been making much of the tariff as an issue to be carried into the next congressional cam- paign. The failure of a tariff bill to pass, however, rather knocks the issue out of the campaign, except that the Repfiblicans will attempt to heap upon them the blame for the failure of legis- lation. SBome of the Republican Pro- gressives may have difficulty explaining their attitude also. Efforts to bring about an agreement for a time to vote in the Senate, even, have proved un- availing, although the coalition leaders insist there is no disposition to filibuster or delay the tariff bill. Whether they ‘have the disposition or not, the result |is the same if they will not vote. The politics of this thing may in the end force the final passage of the bill in a compromise form. Obstructive tactics usually do not make an appeal to the voters. There was obstruction at the time of the consideration of the farm relief bill. In the end, however, it was permitted to go through. * Kk X ‘The announcement that Bishop James Cannon, jr, head of the anti-Smith Democratic group in Virginia during the campaign last year, is going to Bra- zil and is not to campaign in person for Dr. William Mosely Brown, the candi- date of his party and of the Republic- ans for governor, has given the regular Democrats room for no little specula- tion. They see—some of them—in Bishop Cannon’s withdrawal from the country an indication that the anti- Smith Democratic cause is on the wane. However, the gubernatorial campaign in Virginia is not yet concluded, and there is to be no letting down on either side until after the votes have been cast and counted in November. Regular Democratic leaders insist, however, that the reports which have come to them from the Old Dominion in recent weeks have been very encouraging. ol e Senator Morris Sheppard of Texas, who comes up for re-election next year, is receiving not a little mail from all parts of the country, commending him for his proposal that the dry laws shall be changed so as to make the purchaser of bootleg liquor purishable for law violation as well as the boot- legger. Senator Sheppard, the author of the eighteenth amendment and one of the dryest of the drys, will be re- elected without doubt, it is confidently gle’edlcted, notwithstanding the fact that supported the Smith ticket in the last national campaign. °Thousands of dry Democrats in Texas fell away from that ticket and the State went for Hoover and against Smith. The Demo- cratic party in the Lone Star State is still having its troubles. There has the part of to permit the Dem- ocrats who fell away from the party last year to vote in the Democratic primary flext year, but at the same time to prevent any Democrat who did not support the national ticket from being a candidate for office in,the Dem- ocratic primary. It does “not seem possible that such stupid politics will prevail, however. Either a Democrat is a Democrat or he is not. If he is permitted to vote in the primary of the party it wowld be little short of ridiculous to say that he should not be a candidate for office. The plan without doubt was aimed at Thomas B. Love and other Democrats who took a leading part in the anti-Smith cam- palgn. Mr. Love gubernatorial aspirations. He has a considerable fol- lowing in the State. The regular or- ganization does not wish to put him in a position to strike for the guberna- torial nomination on the Democratic ticket. Howsver, some of the leaders are coming round to the conclusion it would be wiser to let Love go into the primary and defeat him there than to seek to keep him ouf, and thou- sands of other former Democrats with him. Such a course, they fear, would cause disruption in the Democratic ranks for many more years. * K K K Patronage is agitating the Republic- ans of the South, not again, but con- tinuously. Some of the G. O. P. leaders in that section whose patronage powers were vetoed by President Hoover after the new administration came in_here are seeking to regain their favor. There is an implied threat that if they do not regain this favor, they may organize to elect and control a group of two or three hundred delegates at the next Republican - national convention. _A statement issued by R. E. Callaway, Re- publicen State chairman in Florida, gives the drift of the fight which has been going on for months. In his state- ment, after complimenting the President as a leader about whom the South could | rally, Mr. Callaway takes a shot at the patronage commiftee set up to pass upon recommendations for Federal of- fice in the South, consisting of Post- master General Brown, Walter Newton, one of the President's secretaries, and James Francis Burke, general counsel for the Republican national committee. Mr, Callaway charges that influences, acting through this committee, have.| sought to restore the old order of things in the South and have used the power of patronage to accomplish that result. * ok ok 1t was to get away from the old or- der of things that the President has striven—the old order which was re- sponsible for a number of patronage scandals. Now u‘: appears, however, there is to be some kind of convention of Republicans from the South called before long to take up this matter and J demand their rights in Washington. It has been rumored that Col. Horace Mann of Tennessee, who had a part of no little prominence in the last cam- paign, is drafting & proclamation call- ing such a_convention. Mr. Mann and s s, e ey, R national cl ell ouf election. Mr. Huston also is from Ten- nessee. * ¥k % % " Mr. Callaway's staterent contains hese significant ] which eomld:r‘nnm‘e“mterut here have caused litical circles: South was disappointed be- cause no Southern man was appointed to the cabinet and no man from the Far was made & l,:évmber o!‘n":: Board, some of it is hard ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J, BASKIN. Did you ever write & letter to Fred- eric J. Haskin? You can ask him any question of fact and get the answer in & personal letter. Here is a great edu- cational idea introducéd into the lives of the most intelligent people in the world—American newspaper readers. It 18 a part of that best pi of a newspaper—service. There is nocharge except 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address Frederic J. Haskin, director, The Evening Star Information Bureau, Washington, D. C. Q. Why was the Chicago base ball team calied the Cubs?—A. D. D. A. It acquired this title in 1890, when nearly all of Anson’s old players de- serted him and went over to the Play- ers League. Anson then surrounded himself " with youngsters = who were styled the Cubs. Q. How fast must an airplane. be traveling - before it will leave the ground?—M. D. A. The speed at which an airplane must travel before leaving the ground depends on the plane. Some leave the ground when traveling at as low a speed as 35 miles an hour, while racing planes must be going at the rate of 100 miles an hour before they can take off. Q. What is the Michelin scheme? -—B. C. . The French firm of Michelin be- gan some years ago to make family al- lowances among its employes, based on the size of the family. The birth of a child is a positive economic advantage. As a result it is reported that the birth rate in the Michelin community is twice that of France as a whole. Living conditions are good; therefore, the rate of infant mortality is low. Q. What is a puncheon floor?—C. P. A It is a floor made of logs sawed in half, with the convex sides down and flat sides up. Q What s poppy seed used for? —H. 8. A. Anclent Greece used it to season bread. Persians sprinkled the seed over their rice, and in India it is still used as a food and a sweetmeat. France thzleedllusedlnmnklnfl bland _ofl, o“‘t?cn:um‘m]:gpy’e:eeg lv'; . Many naf use :efluon bre’lds and . 1t is also used for a bird seed. Q. Please give = list of national s—M. H. R. flo.:l,e "‘rhuse found listed are: China, lotus; Indis, sacred lily; Egypt, lotus; Japan, chrysanthemum; Spain, pome- granate; France, fleur de lis; Germany, Kaiser bloom; England, rose; Ireland, shamrock; tland, thistle; Switzer- land, edelweiss. . Does the physical status of & child m?e any. dir;ct relation to his mental bility?—M. B. 5 A. ystudiu have been made of groups of children which indicate that a gen- eralization may be made to the effect that children with the highest intelli- gence quotient are somewhat freer from physical defects. Q. Bgv;? hflt}';'o speed of the wind meA. The velocity of wind is measured by an instrument called an anemometer. It consists of three or four hollow hemi- spheres on the ends of equal rods at ht angles to each other and designed to rotate in a horizontal plane about the point of intersection of the rods. The instrument may be seen turning in the wind at any Weather Bureau sta- tion, Q. Why were Kings of France conse- In | gustus crated in the Reims Cathedral?— W.P. T, A. They were consecrated there in memory of the baptism of the Frank, Clovis, by St. Remy. Q. When was the ‘legal- rate of in- terest changed from 7 per cent to 6 per cent in New York State?—A. W. H. A. By the laws of 1879, effective Janu- ary 1, 1880, the legal rate of interest for New York State was reduced from 7 per cent to 6 per cent. Q. What is the proper way to comrect an automobile skid?—T. L. &- A. Most skids can’be corrected by the manipulation of the steering and brakes. Usually the rear end skids first and in the right-hand direction, this being caused by the crown of the road. Un- der such circumstances the skidding ac- tion will be aggravated if the brakes are applied. ‘ The correct action in a case of this kind is to let up on the ac- celerator to shut off most of the power, but not all of it, or it would have the same effect as putting on the brake. If the car seems to right itself the power may be applied gradually, and it will be advisable to steer for the center of the road again. However, if the car continues to skid sidewise, steer for the center of the road, applying the power gently. This will aggravate the skid for the moment, but will straighten the car. The front wheels will be left in the cen- ter of the road and the car pointed at an angle. By so doing, you can mount to the crown of the road again and the momentum of the car will take the rear ‘wheels out of the ditch on the right- hand side. It is customary to advise turning the front wheels in the direc- tion the car is skidding in order to cor- rect the skid, but this can hardly be done where there is limited sideroom, for usually the car hits the curb or is in the ditch before you can straighten it out with the steering wheel. To con- trol a skid requires quick perception of the coming crisis and prompt action to correct it. Q. For whom was Barnard College, New York City, named?—N. K. A. It _was named for Prederick Au- :orm Barnard. He was a Yale and became presid Highly interested in Cotumbia, ‘higher lumbis, education for women, he aided in the establishment of a separate eouog. closely allled with Columbia, since he could not prevail upon Columbia to admit women on an equal footing with men. ' 5 Q. Please quote the lines about é?\}:mg, brother, punch with ca: A. This verse of Mark Twain's runs as follows: “Conductor, when you re- ceive a fare, Punch in the u_rrmnca of the passenjare. A blue ip slip for an eight-cent fare, A buff trip ll\? for a six-cent fare, A pink trip slip for three-cent fare, Punch in the presence of the passenjare! Chorus: Punch, brothers! Punch with care! Punch in the presence of the passenjare!” Q. How many Negroes were there in this country when the United States was formed?—A. P. R.u A. In 1790 there were, in round num« bers, 700,000 slaves aund 60,000 Ifree Negroes. Q. How long have there been colored movies?—M. P. A. The effort to produce colored films is as old as the industry, From time to time different processes have been introduced, and while none is con- sidered perfect, several have met with approval. The commercial career of col%r dates back to 1909. Larger Banking Institutions Viewed as. National Problem Growth of banking institutions in the United States through mergers and pro- posed mergers has given rise to a sit- uation widely debated by the press. A Tre official has recommended & change in the law to authorize increased scope of branch and this is nced against the growing practice g; 5 hfl!n’"‘eontml by holding com- fes. p"‘Chll!l banking assumes to set aside the old adage that a chain is as strong as its weakest link,” remarked the Phil- adelphia Evening Bulletin. “It assumes that each link acquires the strength of the entire chain, With greater truth it might be said that the strength of the ‘bank @mhimtmn. improperly styled a ‘chain, to which each separate bank is linked— the holding company. And when that is said there is met the challenging fact that the holding company is beyond the law, or at least in a twilight zone where the’ meticulous regulations of Ing operations-do not penetrate. Bank merg- ers are to be preferred to the holding company device of banking rings. But the wisdom of banking experience and accumulated knowledge ought to brought to_careful consideration of the question whether. either is necessary, or even unavoidable.” “Members of the State bank division of the American Bankers' Association adopted a resolution at the San Fran- cisco convention voicing emphatic oppo- sition to Controller Pole’s suggestion of broader branch banking privileges for na- tional banks,” recalls the Chicago Daily . “Such an extension, the resolu- tion asserts, would give national banks new and unfair advantages over their State bank competitors. * ¢ ¢ In expressing their opposition State bank- ers point out that, under individual ini- tiative, the unit system of banking has stood the test, serving well the com- | iDE. mercial and industrial interests of the United States. Unit banks, if properly managed, meet the financial require- ments and promote the prosperity of the cities and towns in which they. operate. ‘They are owned and officered by men who are interested in the advancement of local affairs. But under branch bank- ing such as Controller Pole proposes there would be not only the power but frequently the temptation to drain the country branches of surplus funds and so restrict local development. Congress is not likely to grant to national banks any unwarranted advantages over State finncial institutions.” Basing its discussion on the merger of the Corn Exchange and National City Banks into one of the largest two banks in the world, the New York Sun dis- cusses the general situation with the comment: “Chain banking consists of the purchase by a holding company of stock in numbers of small banks in dif- ferent localities. This plainly is some- thing radically different from branch banking where a single bank operates ‘wholly owned branches. Chain banking apparently would substitute an indefi- te measure of control by outside inter- ests over what have hitherto been inde- pendent organizations whose directors and officials gre perfo: something like trustee functions. It is a develop- ment that evidently will bear careful watching.” “Tpere 18 bound to be increasing dis- cussion of this matter by the public and in Con " declares the Wheeling In- telligencer. “It is the greatest national question concerning wealth and its cus- tody that has arisen since the breaking operation of Cm Government and that we need not expect such representation in the ition of the ‘Govern- B o T 0 capable men and women united to- and in & position to demand their rights. “We will have that at the next con- vention in 1932, We further realize that, in order to accept our full measure of sentation in the ad- ministration of the Government, that we must be able to help the President and the administration in the halls of legislation, and that we must send Re- publican Representatives and Senators onygythe South., We will depends upon the central ring | teres! up of the United States Bank by Presi- dzflt Andrew' Jackson.” And th'e Spo- kane Spokesman-Review states: “In th: closing hours’of the annual convention of the American Bankers' Association several bankers plucked ‘:B,wm“ to speak in opposition to stampede group and chain banking. George W. Davison of New York and Col. Max D. Mann of Bowling Greén, Ky., appealed e Memedod i Gonservative ciples long regarde qupnrurs |: fundamental, not only to financial welfare, but to social well-be- ing of the Nation. They held that the development andeprosperity of a given community ‘depend upon locally con- trolled, locally informed and locally in- rested banks. That the fine cld idea, prevalent for centuries. But the new mode is sweeping the count whether for well or evil, who can say' Believing that “Controller Pole’s speech should h%lg to clarify the dis- tinction between' ch banking m placed by the Federal laws on branch banking “by institutions that come un- be | der Federal regulation,” particularly as to “branches outside the corporate lim- ity in which the parent bank “If national banks or State banks in the Federal Reserve were to put their strong metro- politan resources at the service of smaller cities or rural communities, a way had to be found other than branch barking as limited by the Federal law. ‘The result has been group banking. In this method a chain of banks, each a separate banking unit, is controlled through stock ownership by the same persannrgou. * * * As stated by the controli ro}’ he currency, the prob- lem seems to hold no inherent con- flict between branch and group bank- . The issue to be settled lies be- tween the advocates and the opponents of branch banking as in gene: “It is more than possible,” in the opinion of the Petersburg Progress In- dex, “that the greater safety from the standpoint of the depositor will have & considerable effect in reconciling the public to the new system, which may work to ¢ause the local small bank to g0 out of business. Meanwhile, there would seem to rest upon legislative bodies the duties of taking steps to rege ulate the introduction and development of the new system and thus assure that the loss of individuality in banking may ['be to some degree offset by increased security and greater flexibility.” Varjous z:,peu warn against the dan- ger of control of banks by interests be- yond the limits of local communities. The Milwaukee Journal argues: “If no way to fnake themselves heard is left to - communities which see the manage- ment of their affairs transferred to men they do not know and cannot reach e cept through ‘politicians,’ then liti- clans will appear who will be heard. ‘The question will be not whether they are politicians, but whether what they propose is an effective means of pre- serving liberty and restraining oli- garchy. abma oo Jam, St =, " ent at Washington evidenm branch banking by naf 1 banks un=~ limited or restricted only by the bound- aries of a Federal Reserve district. ‘That paper continues: “Congress may soon be confronted with a very serious alternative if the Federal Reserve sys— tem is in peril. A sirong national banking system is a naticnal necessity. At all events, it is clearly undesirable, if the busi structure of the United States is to enjoy governmental safe- guards, that ‘vast ag banking resources,’ as clares, should now fective national authorities. be ol . Incomplete Passes. From the Plorence (Ala.) Herald. In the game of auto vs. locomotive, many forward passes are incomplete.