Evening Star Newspaper, September 24, 1929, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY....September 24, 1920 «Editor THEODORE W. NOYES The Evening Star Newspaper Company Businegs Ofce: HIQ 8t. an ‘ennsylvanie Ave. chicaro Oce ek o Baidts European Office; 14 Rate by Carrler Within the City. The Evenine _......... 45¢per month he Evening snd Sunday Star (when 4 Bundass) ..... .. 80c per month and Su 5¢ per mopth h c_per edpy e at e end of cach month. o sent in by mall or telephone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dally and Sunda: 1or. 410.00. 1 mo., g8c ¥ 1 mo.. 50c glll only . unday only 40¢ | All Other Statés and Canada. ails and Sunday..l yr. $12.00; 1 mo. $1,90 | 1 3r’, 58000 1 mo. iS¢ aily orly . 8inday only yr. $5.00: 1 mo. Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Prass is exclusively entitied to the use for republication of all rews dis- patches credited fo it ar not otherwise ered- ited in this paper and also fhe Incal rews published herein. All rights of publication special dispatches herein are slso reserved. = A Supersalesman “Observer.” Whatever else comes from the naval propaganda inquiry by a Senate com- mittee, the country will learn some-| thing of the methods of supersalesman- ship. It is evident that the “naval ex- pert” who went to Geneva in 1927 for three shipbuilding companies as an | “observer” sold himself to the repre- sentatives of those companies with great | ease. Acoording to a witness whose tes- timony was taken yesterday, a high ex- ecutive of one of the three companies, this process of persuasion was a brief one. The “expert” appears to have been quite as adept in induccment as he| claims to have been influential at| Geneva. The witness acknowledged that | he had been “jazzed off his feet” into what he yvesterday confessed to have been & “damn fool decision.” How many people have been thus “jazzed” into unwise decisions and ac- tions and investments by high-pressure salesmanship! The ability to swing| folks out of their orbit of wise reason- ing is a special gift. Its possessor has| what is known in the parlance of the; stage as “it.” It is a sort of hypnotch power. It enables the salesman to wring the last dollar out of the pocket or the bank account of an fnvestor in blue sky stocks that never pay a dividend. | A measure of the glamour caused by | the supersalesman in this case is to be | found in the acknowledgment of yes- | terday's witness that even after the re- ports began to come from Geneva and | nothing of value was found in them he still believed that something worth | while would eventually be received from | the “observer.” And further evidence is | furnished by the indication that the financial arrangement between the trio of companies and the “observer” was not definite and specific. He was, it is clear, to recelve $25,000 from the | companies, each contributing one-tmrdt of that amount. But when the confer- ence was over he put in a claim for | eight times that sum in his letter of demand, which has been put into thel records of the investigation. He points | out that it had béen agreed that he was to receive the sum of $25,000 a year as a reward or bonus, and, he goes on to say, that the fixing of the time limit on the naval building program to tlghti years for completion established eight years as the period of his employment ! at that rate of compensation. Probably every man at the conference | which slted in the employment of | the “c er” is known in his own field of steel fabrication as “hard boiled” | in business matters. Each doubtless pays | the lowest possible price for raw ma- terial and gets the highest possible price for the finished product. Yet this super- lto Congress for |urmory. Geneva, The Hagué or Brus- sels, for example. But why should these nations hesitate to bé the guests of Britain at this conference, designed to bring about naval limitation? There is no good reason, provided all of those concerned go into the confer- ence with the earnest desire to reach an agreement. If any of them enters the conference with the purpose of galning an ascendancy in the matter of naval strength over its rieighbors, which is not warranted in all the circum- stéinces, then the conference s likely to prove & failure. It is the spirit with which the conference is undertaken and held that will in large measure spell success or defeat. ‘While there have been rumblings from France and Italy, more particuiarly in the press of those nations, the hope is expressed here in high official quarters that both these nations will accept the British invitation. They remained out- side of the naval conference in 1927, it is true. But the years may have, and should have, brought a better under- standing. The fear has bsen expressed ‘hat France might declare that the ques« tion of land armament is so intricately entwined with that of naval armament that that nation would not participate in the conference. It is still a possibility that such a eriticism of the plan for the naval conference may be advanced. But the limitation of armaments by inter- national agreement is a comparatively new affair 1 a world that has been making war for thousands of years. One step at a time is & good rule under such circumstances, 1If further agreements can be reached with regard to naval Armament, similar agreements regarding land and air forces may eventually follow, ) Mr. Rover's Recommendations. United States Attorney Rover has added his voice to the pleas made many years for strengthening the laws in the District against the sale of worthless securities and the operation of buckétshops. Sen- ator Capper, who has co-operated with bankers, stock brokers and business men of Washington in the preparation of suitable legislation, indorses Mr. Rover's proposals and promises to have them incorporated, as far as possible, in bills that will be offered at the com- ing session of Congress. Senator Cap- per and Mr. Rover both have the in- dorsement of the community behind them. The lack of adequate safe- gudrds to the investing public in Wash- ington has long been emphasized, chief- ly by contrast between conditions in the District and the adjacent States where there are stringent laws that serve, as far as the District is con- cerned, to drive large numbers of fakz | stock promotets into the open and un- protécted field of the Capital City. Mr. Rover also discusses with Sen- ator Capper the need for strengthening laws against the loan sharks and the gamblers, and thé weapons that he sug- gests, including higher penalties and the usé of the Government's ‘“pad- lock” injunction against premiseés used for illegal purposes, would probably as- sist him in his campaign against Lh_ese lawbreakers. But, possibly because of his enthu< slasm, Mr. Rover is guilty of trespass on dangerous ground when he recommends a prohibition here against sale of maj azines, newspapers and pamph!lets con- taining racing news and information. Aside from the question of the extent of moral disintegration to follow the placing of & bet on a horse or the reading in a public print of the re- jsults in the third at Laurel, and leav- ing aside the prerogatives of the press in making available mews concerning the sport of racing, Mr. Rover would | not accomplish a great deal to wipe out gambling in the District if the ban he seeks were granted. A gambler can bet on more things than horse races or the serial arrangement of figures salesman drove a bargain with this group that put them into almost the | kindergarten category—that is, if the | arrangement was as it is now being| stated before the Senate committee. But | even if it was not exactly as now dis- closed and defined, there was certainly some mighty shrewd and efficient sales- manship to cause these three supposed- ly capgble business men to hire a rep- resentative for the purpose of keeping them posted on the proceedings of an international conference attended by the ablest of news gatherers for the rress of the world. vt ‘The wet or dry question comes along to afford relief to the statesman’s mind that may be becoming temporarily over- | burdened with the tariff. —— et Farmers will never think they have | been properly relieved until they grow rich enough to own s°ats on the Stock | Exchange. P The London Conference. Formal invitations to the proposed five-power naval conference are to be issued “before the departure of Ramsay MacDonald, the British premier, for the United States.” As Mr. MacDonald salls for this country Saturday, it fol- lows that the invitations will be dis- patched to the powers this week. If the conferehce is to be held the third week in January, it 15 wise to} “issue the invitations promptly and with- out further delay. The nations par ticipating necessarily must prepare in much detail for their representation at the conference and for the submission of their proposals for naval armament. Little is to be gained now by delay. France and Italy and Japan will have more than three months in which to confer with each other or with the representatives of Great Britain and the United States, in regard to the problems, in a preliminary way, which must come up for consideration at the conference. The British government is to be the host. The United States has gone along, and even gone in advance of Brit- ain in this matter. But the decision has been that Britain is to call this con- ference, and that it is to be held in London. There are good reasons for this, in the interest of success of the projected conference, The British gov- ernment and the British people will feel in large measure responsible for the en- tire affair. And Britain may be cafled ! upon to make concessions in the matter of naval strengih, just as the United States made them in the conerence of 1921-22, neld at Washington. In some showing the daily Treasury balance He can bet on the weather report, for instance, and unless Mr. Rover is able to change human nature along with the sdccepted theorles regarding freedom of the press, he would make no great strides toward the desirable end of abolishing gambling. Enforce the laws against gambling, provide higher penalties and exercise a rigld and unceasing vigilance over the bookmakers and their operaticns and Mr. Rover will have done his part. with the police, toward curbing a récognized evii that was probably being practiced extensively long before man found that a horse could be made to Tun a race, B — Knowledge that enables Lindbergh to become so brilliant a fiyer is now more valued as a public asset than his cofi- tinued career as a practical performer in the air. Aviation for him seems easy, even when perilous. The technical part of his job is, in reality, the hardest. RN - Excited persons sometimes permit without being able to explain precisely what they mean by that. - ——— The Lost Cablegram. Publication in the ccurse of a maga- zine biography of the late Ambassador Herrick of the text of a “lost” cables gram sent by him July 28, 1914, to the Secretary of State regarding the peril- ous situation in Europe at that hour brings again to international attention a mystery of the Great War. In this cablegram Mr. Herrick suggested that a strong plea for delay and moderation should be made by the President of the United States, in the belief that it would meet with thz respect and ap- proval of Burope. Mr. Herrick is quoted by his present biographer, who was military attache at Paris, as saying that the Secretary of State never answered or acknowledged the cablegran:, and that when the Ambassador was in Washington & few months later he asked President Wilson whiether he had received it, and the Presidunt ieplied that he had never seen it. i All three of the men directly atso- ciated with the sending and the mys- terious pigeonholing of this cablegram are dead—President Wilson, Secretary Bryan and Ambassador Herrick. Is there some one, then or now, in the State Department, or at the tims one nected with the White iHouse 1dminis- tration, who can throw auy iight upon the fate of this message? 1In making the suggestion to the Pres- ident the Ambassador was by all the rules and traditions of the diplomatic quarters it has been suggested that in- ternational jealousy and suspicion may prevent the attendance of France and Ttaly if the conference is held in Lon- service required to communicate with the Chief Executive through the Sece retary of -State. It would have been improper for, him to initiate & eorre- ,; ummm«mmwu"mwmmnm,mmun‘mum ! themselves’ to be called “Communists” | THE EVENING. STAR, WASHINGTO! though if the President had communi- {cated with him and asked for & reply he might Mave serit hig answer to the White House instead of to the State Department. Something happened at the State De- partment, it is evident, to prevent the pommunication of this message to the President. 1f this was intentional the reason is one of the atrangest prob- lems in history. The Secretary of State was an ardent proponent of peace. He had been engaged for moré than a year In the negotiation of treaties supposedly 'mnkinz for international peace. It is inconceivable that he should have pre- vented the delivery of this message. Did it ever reach him? Some day, somehow, perhaps the i truth will be made known. If this mes- {sage was fiiched in transit by one whose Interest it was to prevent any expres- sion of interest and admonition by the President of the United States to avert war in Europe, maybe the clue to this fact will some time be found. Mean- while the matter affords ground for tpeculation as to what would have re- sulted had the message reached the President and had the President re- sponded with an urgent plea in keeping with the Ambassador's suggestion. ———————————— ‘Washington, World Capital. If there were any lingering doubt as to the importance of Washington as a world capital, current events on the Potomac are designed to dispel it. At this moment arrangements are in prog- ress for the entertainment here, on more or less elaborate lines, of eminent representatives of three great foreign countries. From Japan, from Germany and from Great Britain, in the order named, emissaries bent on varying mis- sions of good will and statecraft—the terms are more synonymous than is generally appreciated—are headed for the District of Columbia. To us this week comes Vice Admiral Nomura, commander of a Japanese naval training squadron about to drop anchor in neighboring Chesapeake Bay. On his heels the chief burgomaster of Berlin, Dr. Boess, is due. A week later Prime Minister MacDonald of Great Britain arrives on the visit fraught with so much of magnitude for Anglo-American amity and the peace of the world. ‘The Japanese admiral and the Ger- to the President. The British premier's whole historic journey is a tribute of respect to the American Chief Executive. Underlying the proprieties and formali- ties of these international genufiections at Washington is first and foremost their indieation of the high esteem in which the Government and people of the United States—tariff “monstrosities” to the contrary notwithstanding—continue to be held throughout the globe. Something else accounts for these pllgrimages of regard to the Mecca called Washington. It is to be found in the personality of the present occupant of the White House. We have been blessed with many Presidents who achieved world fame during their térms | of office. Herbert Hoover is the first of | his line to take world fame into office with him. That is another reason why all roads of distinguished strangers within the Yankee gate lead nowadays straightaway to No. 1600 Pennsylvania avenue, ——————— Even when engrossed in world diplo- maAcies, Charles E. Hughes does not per- | mit himself to grow oblivious to the | responsibilities of local polities. Mr. Hughes has shown his ability to wear the high hat and the judicial robes, and also to appear in shirt-sieeve de- bate among the hecklers, ——— e There is apparently an intention to burden Al Smith with so many financial responsibilities that he would not have time to repeat his presidential candi- dacy even if he were so inclined. i e There can be little disagreement with Harry Sinclair’s objection to jail as & Summer resort with a long extended | season, —_— b One of the objéctions to Willlam B., Shearer appears to be that he was one ‘o( those propagandists who collect but do not function. R SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, 3 The New Sport, What's the great big game In the Nation? And we all exclaim, “Aviation!” W.th & cloud bank for a prop, For thz signals “go” or “stop,” | We will bid the traffic cop ‘Take his station. ‘What's the great big play | 1In creation? | ‘And the wise ones say, | “Aviation!” | We'll dismiss the passing doubt As the world we roam about And we swiftly move without Perturbation. Changing Thoughts. | “You tell your constituents exactly i what you think?” 2 “Exactly,” answered Senator Sor- : ghum—*at the time and place I happen |to be talking.” > | Jud Tunkins says the original high- power salesman was the serpent who | s0ld Eve the apple. A Long Search. ‘The diplomat must travel far In quest of peace, Discovering that no lands there re | Where troublss cease. Pursuit. man mayor placed Washington on thelr | schedules in order to pay their respects | bas “Any excitement in Orimson Guich?” asked the traveling salesman. “A little,” answered Cactus Joe. “We chased a bootlegger all the way to Stony Ridge last night.” . “To arrest him?” No, atraid hs would sell out before #2 got to him.” “The dragon no longer seems terrify- ing,” sald Mi Mo, the sage of Ohina- | town, “We now have airplanes.” Passing of the Buck. Responsibilitics today Are pas:cd around anew; To one enothar folks will say, “Knd filedd, it's up to you!” “De fidend who tells you to laugh at yoh troubles,” said vn&:u, s P at his” THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. If he who wrote Ecclesiastes were writing his most famous Jiné today, no doubt he would phrase it thus, “Of ;nnlal,l'n. many biographies there is no Right merrily the publishers forth lives of ‘great men, until fooiprints on the sands of time large in bookstores and homes. Within the sveek there have beerl issued lives, most of them done in the “new” manner, of Abraham Lincoln, Jefferson Davis, Lafayette, Webster, Beaumarchais, Gen. Willlam~ Booth, Anthony Wayne, George Meredith, Queeri Anne, Audubon, Hawthorne, Amundsen. These follow Napoléon, Queen Eliza- beth, Lincoln, Voltaire, Zola, Disraell, Dumas, Gen. Grant, Mary Baker Eddy, Henry VIII, George Washington and a host of others, No one interested in any one who ever lived can fall to find what he seeks some time or other. If it is not already published, it will be next month, or next year. Just keep on secking and you shall find. ‘The titles, in the main, seem divided between plain names and attempts to be kittenish. Thus the reader may se- léct a solid “Life of George Meredith” or a cute and cunning “Alas, Queen Anne!” In those titles one finds summed up the psychology of selécting names for these new, newer and newest blogra- phies. Evidently an author must choose from a very unvarnished® title, to wit, the name of the subject, or he must select a fancy handle, as it were, to introduce the said subject. In “Meet Gen. Grant,” which en- joyed a big sale last year, the word “meel” put the reader on a plane of t heir familiarity with the great general. The | verlest shoe clerk was enabled to meet the man on terms of intimacy. “Alas, Queen Anne!" will make any lesgirl feel quite at home with the Queen, even give her a bit of condescen- sion. indeed. We predict that the shrewd publishers will score a knockout with that psychological “Alas.” Other words, implying pity, contempt, etc., no | & vogue, too, if this one | doubt will ha ‘/goes over big. X x Isn't there something slightly absurd in the fact that biography had to wait 50 long to become 80 universally read? Perhaps it was simply & matter of a wider public growing up to biography for this form of writing always has been 4 favorite ultured men and women. Plutarch's “Parallel Lives,” he called them, of the Grecks and Ro- mans have enjoyed unparalieled popu- through the ages. FElbert Hub- 's “Littlé Journeys” to the homes of the great and near-great earned the reading of thousands of the discrim- inating. Hubbard was a shrewd N prided himself on being a “busin: man,” one who could make money as well as. write. It is interesting to note that his effort in the latter field, as exemplified in his volumes of short blographies, in little more than a dec ide since he was lost aboard the Lusi. tania, has developed into one of the major writing activities, Perhaps the “Little Journeys,” short and spicy, filled with anecdoté, yet sur- feited with the philosphy of life and living, did their share toward making the reading world conscious of the true worth of biography. After all, there is nothing more in- teresting to a normal man or woman than success, in one form or another. Practically every biography issued dui- ing the past 10 years has been of some successful figure. Perhaps the énd of the career may not have been all that He s the subject might have wished, but there were aspects enough of romance, interest, money success and so on, to enable the writer to turn out an inter- esting story in each case. * kR % A good biography is a good story. Harry Hansen of the New York World brought this out the other day in his review of Brand Whitlock's “La Fa- yette.” “It is a fluent, highly entertaining narrative of a remarkable life, with its documentary material 8o thoroughly assimilated by the author that it reads like a novel.” Here 18 the secret, if there is any se- eret, of the g:od new biographies. Blography has become fictionized for 4 fictionized age, that is all. himself and the reader by innumerable footnotes, which break up the narrative flow, and constantly nag every one con- cerned, the modern biographer saves all that for the appendix, if any. ‘The reader is asked to take a great deal on faith; that is why such a name as that of Mr. Whitlock spells convic- tion. The success of blography has caused innumerable half-baked writers to rush into the fleld with the result that sen- sational handling of documentary ma- terial tended to take the place of honest conservatism, intellectual ma- nipulation of old documents, honest sur- veys of opinions of past writers. Yet a wild, “sexy” viewpoint can never take the place of diligent, honest work, when it is shot through with some humor and & proper understanding of the place of interest in writing. * The really successful blographers are those writers who have taken a leaf out of the journalistic book and have suffused their mighty men with the common- place interests of everyday life, EE o the B oot ot Thele vaiters might be willing to admit. The papers of the land have been giving little in- ' timate biographies of the ‘“great and near-great” for years upon years, Every news story is a bit of biography, not labeled, but biography none the less. There is not so much difference, | after all, between the domestic wrangles which get into the' columns of the news- papers and the world-known tiff be- tween Napoleon and Josephine. Every little story has a meaning of its own. | reading with ‘That is why the intelligent of newspapérs by the reader een eye to:such things is as | interesting as can be. There has been | a fashion, in some circles, to sneer at the newspapers, on the ground that one | might put the time devoted to their | reading to better purpose, such as read- ln} the “‘classics.” t is questionable, however, whether the classics are any more interesting | than much that gets into the news- papers. The mass of the public better understands its newspaper stories than |it does its classics, because its reading ear or eve is better attuned to the writer of its news stories. What naturally interests every one is what the newspaper writer is trained |to recognize instantly. If he some- times errs on the side of vulgarity it | 18 no more than the average reader does since life iteelf is a little vulgar. h The flood of biographies, now success- | fully disputing first place with the | | novel (but in reality nothing more than | a branch of fiction), points to the high | watermark of interest in writing. | “Give us & man,” calls the public, | | “but make him interestin, We can; |stand him dull, if he was that way,| | but you, his reporter, must make even | ' his dullness interesting. i Mussolini Mystifies Public By Quitting Several Posts One man's guess seems to be as good as another’s when it comes to fathom ing the significanceé of Premier Mus- #olini's latést act in the Italian political drama. Tossing back the portfolios with which he presented himself 1s variously recognized as the beginning of the end of A simon-pure Fascism, as the beginning of the end of Mussolini, the advent of a new era in Fascimo or simply as one more theatrical gesture. “‘His dct 18 momentous,” declares the Charleston Evening Post, recalling that “he has always said that he would, in time, gradually relax the iron personal rule he has exercised #s head of Fas- cismo, as soon, he has said, as the nation could be relied upon to main- tain the system he has evolved, without dependence on an individual will to | carry its principles into effect. He must realize,” continues the Evening Post, “that something of that sort is the only feasible alternative to an ultimate explosion, inevitable as a result of the repressions he has effected in the course of his rule. “Perhaps it isn’t the end of Fascism,” says the Waterloo Tribune, “but it is the beginning of coalition. Other parties are to be recognized. The cabinet is to represent elements that have had no_representation for some time. It isn't the end of the modern Caesar. He will be of commanding influence. The eabinet ministers are of his selec- tlon. It is presumed he will continue to dictate. But there is something in the fact that he doesn't care to carry all the responsibility longer.’ “Of particular significance,” it i pointed out by thé Hartford Courant, “ls his turning over the conduct of foreign affairs to another. The recent announcement that Italy would adhere conditionally to the ‘optional clause’ of the statute of the World Court, binding it for five years to accept the comnulsery arbitration of its international disputes, indicates a welcome change of attitude on the part of Il Duce. If the man- ners and policies which characterized his conduct of fofeign affairs are to be modified, world opinion toward Fascism may steadily im) e As the situation is viewed by the Kansas City Times, “Mussolini has re- signed seven cabinét positions and pros moted the undersecretaries to be min- isters. We have a hunch, howeve: continues the Times, “that they will rémain undetsecretaries and that the Duce will run things as usual. Where MaeGregor sits, there is the head of the table.” "The Allentown Morning Call suggests: “In surrendering a lot of posts, he is8 not surrendering much power, He still remains the dictator and the premier. Just #s he assumed all the offices to himself on other oc- casions, so he can take them all back .flm. f he 18 not suited with the way hi &muges are running things.” “It is said,” comments the Hamilton (Ontario) Spectator, “that his object in resigning from these jobs was to give other- Pascists dn opfortunuy for learn- ing the mysteries of administration, so that the Fascist tradition would be con- tinued whefi he had to pass from the scene. But whether it will be con- tinuéd may be doubted. A dictatorship depends upon the dictator, and, from all accounts, Mussolini will have no one around him but those who will faith- ily echo his sentiments. It is not with such human material as that that an inization can be made enduring.” ‘The loit Daily News feels that “it i8 obvious that these ministers will be just about a8 much under his thumb as ore. “A cabinet crisis? A political up- heaval? Not a bit of it!” exclaims the St. Paul Ploncer Press. “All that has Nappened s that Premier Mussolini has decided to resign seven of his cabinet jobs and to,give them to others. He coniinues to bz premier and minister of tha interior. Mussolini apparently has eome to the conclusion that he cares not who holds Italy's titles, so long as he runs the countt Nevertheless, the Danbury Evening his sotion in letting go, however slightly, of the reins that he has s0 long held in 4 icomed.” his iron ‘fist is wel "nnmwrmwdo affection n way of none. but he | upon them. | knows, but that it will be original and piquant and wholly Mussolinish may be | | accepted without extended debate,” ad- | | vises the St. Louis Times, while the Butte Montana Standard draws the | conclusion: “The famous Italian leader will devote himself to political ma- neuvers. He will reorganize the Fascist | | party and undertake to cement the | strength which his remarkable person- | ality has brought to the administration | of the government.” The Standard, | however, emphasizes the fact that Mus- | solini “is not restoring the munlrchyi of Italy.” “Whether one agrees or disagrees with | some things that Mussolini has done,” declares the Memphis Commercial Ap- | peal, “the development of his career is a matter of historic interest. It might be analyzed and set down in the simple | proposition that he, having made him- self, is now determined to make his | political party. And he merely proves that men make measures rather than | that measures make men.” The Bangor | Commercial concludes that by this move he has created the “material belief that he is concentrating authority.” The Jersey City Journal says: “Perhaps this rearrangement of the cabinet is only a | gesture, One thing likely is that Mus- | solini will continue to be the boss.” “He must die,” remarks the Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch, “but, he thinks, Fas- | cism must go on. And it i his task to see to it that there afe strength and wisdom and experience enough in some man or men to carry it on.” The! Charlotte News sees only an “empty esture,” which is “insignificant,” and that paper adds: “Seven hand-picked | secretaries, doubtless well trained in| their routine, fill the vacant posts.) What will happen to those underlings | should they have the audacity to move | against the will of their master is pain- ful to contemplate.” “Mussolini’s fingers will pull the strings that move the new ministers,” thinks the Ann Arbor Daily News, “but doubtless there will be some slack and consequently & chance to display in- itiative. Among the appointees to the new cabinet it is conceivable that a new strong man, an able understudy to Mussolini, will be found.” o Cemetery for Horses Is Built by Widener From the Newark Evening News. Friends of the horse in general as | well as those whose equine interest is confined to the aristocracy of horse- flesh, the race horse stiould be pleased to learn that Joseph E. Widener of Phila- delphia has razed & fnillion-dollar mansion in Kentucky to provide a cemetery for horses. "Memories of the heyday “of the rurning tracks will be dragged from many mental garrets by the fact that this resting place for top. notchers of the genus Equues is over. looked by the grave of no less a hero of the track than Salvator, whose prowess has been kept m ' for the mass 8s well as for “the talent” by that stirring ballad, in days gone by a favorite even at Sunday school entef- tainments, “How Salvator Won.” efe is an economic feature to Mr. Widener's desttuction of the great house built by Jameés B. Haggin on the Elmendorf estate in the Kentucky bluegrass region near Lexington. It cost too much to keep it going. But in turning the site into a horse cemetery, he provides an_instance of the truth that the race horse does not: usually become a cart h when his track days are over, fact of the great Salvator's bones lying there is further evidence that men who have owned great horses have traditionally rewarded them, after their day was done, with ease in their: declining years and an honored sepulture at the end. to be sure, Salvator _ahd his successors on the famous Kentucky farm. But men who really know and love horses do not evade the obligations of gratitude and Sreat service places Instead of painfully harassing both | | of Robert Burns, | YOU CAN'T PRINT THAT. NEW BOOKS ; AT RANDOM L G M. BOLIVAR: The Liberaotr. Michel Vau- caire. Translated M Reed. Foughton Mithn Gp, "o oTe" But a question of time when the two continents of the Western Hemisphere should come r. Their place- iment alone would secure his. ‘Tnere were other reasons. Yet the process nll unfon has been & slow one, Origins are deep-seated influences in the life of nation, family, individual. So, as mat- ter of course, the lower continent homed across the sea to its Latin forbears for direction and pattern. The upper one, in an equal instinct, crossed to its Nordic ancestors for the shaping measures 0f existence, Then came the rushing present and its immediate past. Exploration, discovery, trade, business enterprise, the requirement of each for the, natural resources of the other, el set in from north to south and back again. Art—literature and music— drifted northward. ' Then, only a few years ago, there came into active being the Pan-American Union, formal recog- nition of the common need for an in- strument of association in trade and commerce, in diplomatic intercourse equitable for all, in friendly accommo- dations for & wide variety of questions demands. the active agent—indefatigable, intelli- ent, persuasive, convincing—of official intercourse between thé two continents. It is in large measure by the energy and initiative of this union that there has grown up in the United Statés a general interest in all important aspects of the great continent to the south. History, biography, novels, music, are the most ommon means 6f meeting such interest. In hand is one of the responses to such an awakening concern. Biography that reads like romantic adventure. Here 18 the story of Simon Bolivai “On the 6th of August, 1815, Boll entered Caracas.” “In the market place the notables of the town welcomed Bolivar and bestowed on him the title of ‘Libertador. ” But that is well along in the career of this heroic native of South America. Quite 30 years old when this honor came to him. Before that he had frothed and fumed over the yoke. of Spain upon South America through about every capital of Europe. A young elegant of high birth, preach- ing equality and freedom as, at that time, many another youth was doing under the stir of revolutionary France. With France and Spain at war under the lead of Napoleon, this seemed to be the day of all days for South America to step free from the manifest tyranny of the mother country. So Bolivar be- took himself homé¢' again to his native Caraces. Michel Vaucaire here tells of his_achievements as er in the war of liberation. High courage, impetuous action, ided by clear vision and prompt. decision—these are the qualities of Bolivar. And it is upon these that M. Vgucsire defines the moments of critical rebellion by way of which the Liberator secured independence for a large part of South America. The man- ner of the story fits the man behind it. A swift story, impulsive in its advance, dramatic in its moments of triumph or defeat. A picturesque story. No othef sort would do at all for this particular hero. 'Almost spectacular, because Boli- var himself was certainly tl the record makes a quite perfect tal the individuality of “El Libertador. Finely competent artistry. An engrc ing chapter of the carlier South Am can history by way of one of its most commanding heroes and adventurers. aigis e A MAN FOR A’ THAT. Story of Rob- ert Burns. Charles Finger. The Stratford Co. Two characteristics set this story of Burns out from the impenetrable forest of current publications. One is the oc- casion that produced it. The other is the essence and manner of the story itself. The first of these is applicable to more than this single author. It points upon the day when you, and I, woke up from dreary routine text book literature to find standing in the way a shock of reality, a ,thrill of joy, a sincerity of promise, a friendliness of welcome from a certain mood of some certain poet. We are told that we must be “born again.” I don't know what that means unless it be that our feet are to be set in new and beautiful paths along which happy folks are making their way in pleasant activities of fellowship—paths on hich the sun shines in an ineffable radiance, paths n out into long vistas of rare lovel . Discovering a poet seems to me to be in the nature of a new birth. This is what happene@ to the writer of this book upon his discovery of Burns, the Scotsman. To be sure, he had come upon him before—at school, where Burns was treated with scant at- tention by timid schoolmasters. The genius_of Burns conceded, there re- mained the larger matter—the "loose- ness of the man's life. Short shrift for the fellow, and put him in hiding where he belongs. hen, all by him- self, Charles Finger one day came upon Burns—met him face to face out in a field, both loitering along. They began to talk, as wayfarers will. ‘They found themselyes to be of one mind. Oh, no, not along the line that you are thinking—rather they proved %o be of the school of rebels and revo- lutionists! To his surprise, Finger found Burns to be more than a mere libertine, engrossed in adding to the count o unfathered childrén for the country- side roundabout. He sang for his new companion some of his highest and most stirring of songs in behalf of the poor and down-trodden, in defiance of potentates and powers. It was from this point of understanding and sym- pathy that the writer tells us the story as Robert Burns has proved to be to him. An easy, un- conventional account, much after the pattern of the talk itself on that day when he and the poet met. A com- plete account withal, but with another side of the man turned outward; the side ot the patriot, singing in the enormous commonwealth of poverty, in the vast domain of the groundlings of the earth. Paying due attention to the outline of fact concerning the poet, Mr. Finger, by way of his individual approach, succeeds in giving a new pic- tufe, a fresh in retation of the clear genius that was bert Burns. Many of the Burns poems stand here as evi- dence—once in a while as alibi in re- spect to common rumer. New points ot view are invaluable in a case llk¢ tils. And to these Mr. Finger has paid & fair and wholesome attention. A fine venture and an equally fine outcome. * K K K Qeorge , Seldes. Payson & Clarke. The foundation of this book is press censorship. No, it does not discuss the practice. That would be endless and futile. It accepts it by making use of this volume to “tell thé truth behind he news” between 1018 and 1928. The ruth” here set down begins with cen- sored incidents—war-time incidents and armistice situations. From this fruitful field it moves but into other regions where a certain despotism is active in the high art of suppressiing facts—into autocratic Italy, for instaqce, over into Russia as well, out into the mandated territories besides. A visit to Mexico, where “censorship exists from time to time,” not a tenth as “stupid or vicious, however as ——." A Ve outspoken man, having the time of his life saying exactly what he wants to say in fulfill- ment of an earlier self-promise, “Some day I am going to take a holiday and write the truth behlndl ‘n\':“news.‘: Every newspaper man coul muc! no doubt that he wants to tell, that yearns to tell—but, despite censorshi that is often weak, often ignorant, fre- quently ill-advised and unfortunate, it has much to be sald on its own side— on the side of danger in utter frank- ness with the man and woman on the street, all making diverse and often dangerous interpretations of even the plainest report, of even the most harm- less of news items. Nobody knows this better than does George Seldes, or an; other journalist of his quality. To tell the truth is a magnificent gesture. But—if it were told )i to national and international ‘The Pan-American i8 | p, il # | Baifour's ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ). BASKIN. Many readers send in questions signed only with initials, asking that the Answers appear in the newspaper. ‘The space is limited and would not ac« commodate & fraction of such requests. The answers published are ones that may interest many readers, rather than the one who asks the question only. All questions should be accompanied by the writer's name nnd sddress and 2 cents in coih or stamps for reply. Send yom question to The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau, PFrederic J. Haskin, di- rector, Washingt C. Q. Has Ethel Barrymore's daughter ever appeared on the stage?—D. C. W. A. Tt is stated that Ethel Barrymore Colt will m her debut in Julia Peter- kin's “Scarlet Sister Mary.” Only last June Miss Colt graduated from Notre Dame Academy in Moyland, Pa. Q. Do many "geome visit the Little | Chureh Around the Corner?—C. A. A. The Little Church Around the Corner is one of the most popular zonln ‘m sightseers. This Summer over 18, persons have visited this famous place | of worship. Q. What State was the most im- portant at the time of the Revolution?— . E. G. A. In 1790, when the first census was taken, Virginia ranked ahead both n povuuuun and commerce. At that time Virginia's population was twice as great as that of New York, and she was & far more prosperous State. Q. When was the first publication copyrighted in this country?—D. J. 1. A. Noah Webster was the first to take advantage of the copyright law. His “Grammatical Institute of the Eng- lish Language,” published in 1783, was 80 protected. Q. Has an ocean liner an electric sign?—F. A A. The German steamship Bremen, speed queen of the sea, has an electric sign. Among the other innovations on This ship are electric directories to guide passengers about the ship, magnetic clocks and 10,000 electric buttons to facilitate safety and service. ‘What was the name of the In- in Arizona?—D. E. A. Achachavara, hereditary chief of the dssert tribes of Mojave, Chemehuevi and Walapal and connected with 52 other California clans, was cremated near Needles, Aris. The cremation was in accordance with the ancient death ritual of the Mojave Indians. Q. How many Eastern States have schools with centralized radio equip- ment’—H. C. 8. A. Eleven schools in New York State The tumult in Palestine seems to havé quieted down for a while at least, but it cannot be assumed that the trouble is ended. 1t is too deeply rooted for transient consideration. The conflict expresses the longings of Jews and Arabs for the establishmen: there of a nation, which shall be their i home land. It is represented to be, not s struggle of religions, but of nation- alistic aspirations. Nevertheless, there is intense religious rivairy between Jews iand Arablan Mohammedans, dating | back through the centuries, for Pales- | tine is Holy Land for both religions e not invoived in the Arab attacks because they have not undertaken to establish a “home land” in the country where Arab population so overwhelm- ingly predominates. As the Israelites in Egyptian slivery were éxémpt from the death angel, who flew over the land slaying the first born | of the Egyptians, when the Jews sprin- kled blood upon their lintels, so Chris- {ions are immune from Arab attack if 1an cross upon their The Arab population in the Peninsula of Arabia, inclusive of the little section known as Palestine (the size of Ver- mont), numbers 16, only 160.000, vet the Zionists expect Great Britain, under its of Ni tions mandate, to éstablish a Jew tidn there, in which the Jews will pre | dominate in government. The conflict ie based upon a war measure—the Lord Balfonr declaration, November 3, 1917, as follows: | “His majesty’s government views with | favor the establishment of a national home for the Jewish people. and will | use its best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this cbject, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil | and religious rights of existing non- | Jewish communities, of the right and { political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country.” This promise was indorsed by Prance, Italy, Japan and fhe United States—-the latter bv unanimous reso- | lution by Congress in 1922. The Jaw- ish agitation for a home land in the | Holv Land began in 1897, so Lord pledge was not given without full consideration. Before the World War came a number of Jewish agricul- tural colonies had been establishad in Palestine. and were prospering. but Lord Balfour's famous pledge was of Arabian_indevendence given to the Arabs of Arabia. to enlist their co- operation in fighting the Turks and now thev allege that it covered Pal- estine_as well as the rest of Arabia. The British elalm that thev had ro reference to Palestine. thouzh Gen. Allenby used the Arabian forces a allles “in canturing Jerusalem. Arabs cry. “Arabia for the Arabians! ‘The British were diolomatic in hold- ing out hopes to the Jews of the world. They were particularly desirous of gaining control over Palestine. be- cause it is adfacent to the Suez Canal. Not onlv did the British Armv caoture Palestine, but on April 25, 1920, Great Britain received a mandate from the Teague of Nations over of Pales tine. The British government econ. tends that Palestine was mot included in the territorv of Arabia, premised to Ilhl Arabs. althongh Palestine halds 800,000 Arabs and 160.000 Jews, while all of Arabia holds 161\00.‘100 Arabs. iz s The mandate to France over Syria, and that to Great Britain over Arabia. brings grave alarm to the Arabs, as it prevents a united Arab nation. Th~ Arab chief executive alleges that the troubles all come from the Zionist movement “to annihilate the Arab na- tion and revive the non-existent Jew- ish_nation.” Before the Zionist movement began, there was no_anti-Semitism on the banks of the Jordan. Therr were too fow Jews to caus> alarm. In the last 10 vears the number of JTews has doubled. By tha censua of 1922, there were jn Palestine 591,000 Moslems. 73.000 Christians and 84,000 Jews. day the Jaws number more than 160, of ‘whom 2,000 came from America * X % * While the +Jews profess not to be undertaking to establish a Jewish gov- ernment, but only an economic home- lanG—and indicate that by the new roads they have built, waste land they have reclaimed, schools they have established and public works they have undertake the Arabs claim that the Jewish influx has raised the cost of living. decreased emplovment and caus- ed fri¢tion, through attempting buy the sacred places of the Mosalems. For insiance, the Walling Wall. the onlv remnant of Solomon's Tel is part of the Mosque of Omar. The Jews pray at that wall and write prayers on of real and pressing moment, the situ- ation would bé¢ oné away past control or direction. Most interesting bo'o‘k for terally in respect but, 000 | tect it from being and five in New Jersey are equipped with centralized nmoysymm? "Phe introduction of radio into the schools all over the United States is expected to be given impetus by Secretary Wil- bur's appointment of a commiftee of educaters to siudy the possibilities of radio as a part of the curriculum. Q How many Ringling brothers were g\ere in the famous circus family? A. There were seven brothers in the Ringling family. Their names were John, Otto, Charles, Al, A. G., Alf T and Henry. John is the only surviving member, Q Is there s cles of sheep witn a broa supported> —J. J. M. i A. The broad - tailed or fat - tailed sheep found in many parts of Asia are chiefly charactérized by the enor- mous accumulation of fat on each side of the tail bone. The tail is es- teemed a great delicacy, and to pro- jured by dragging on the ground it is sometimes support- ed by a board or small pair of wheelc The fat of the tail is often used in place of butter. Q. Is the United States Monitor still in existence?—C. I. A. The former United States Moni- tor is now used as a floating country club for Long Island society. Q. What is the name of the pool in Paris where artificial sand and sun are used?—A. 8. G. A. The subterranean Lido in Paris has a swimming pool with all of the | accessories such as artificial sunlight, | synthetic sand and cooling winds pro- vided by electricity. Q. What is the meaning of the “Dieciocho” celebrated in Chile’—H. D. A. The “Dieclocho” is the “Chilean | Fourth of July.” Its annual observ- ance was celebrated September 18 in Q. dian chief who was cremated recently ' as well as for Christians. Christians | 0,000, while the | total number of Jews in Palestine is | To- 000, | commemoration of the 119th anniver- | sary of the day on which Chile wrested | her freedom from Spain. This Inde- | pendence day ushers in & three-day festival of a patriotic, social and re- | ligious nature. Q. Who originated the saying, “Noth- ing succeeds like success"?—K. C. I A. The words were used in reference to the first operation under ether per- | formed by Dr. John Collins Warren at the Massachusetts General Hospital on October 16, 1846. Q. Wss Gov. Smith the first Catholic to run for President of the United States?—M. L. A. Charlées O'Conor, a Roman Cath- | olie, was presidential candidate on the | Labor Reform ticket in 1872. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. | paper which they poke into the crevices | of the wall, much to the displeasure of the worshipers in the mosque. Most of the Jews came from Eastern Europe | and are densely ignorant and supersti- | tious, as indicated by their written | messages to Moses and Abraham, in- sorted in the Wailing Wall. Hundreds | of thousands of Arabs profess Chris- tianity. due to the influence of mis- sionaries, but no Arab ever becomes a Jew. *x s By virtus of the mandate the British undertook to form a constitutional gov- ernment in 1922, providing for a na- | tional legislative council compased of 10 | appointed British officials, 12 elected | members—of cours> Arabs were As- signed the most, because the Arabs outnumber both Jews and Christians, | three to one. It was provided that, of {the 12, 2 were to be Jews, 2 Chris- {tians and 8 Moslems. But the Mos- |lems boycotted the eloction in 1923, | claiming that they were entitled to a | majority of the whole membership, in- | stead of 8 out of 22. The election was | annulled, but the constitution has not | been repealed. Since then, the country hes been governed by the British high | commissioner, with a council of British | officials, * % ok Contrary to general acceptation, the recent ouibreak is not based upon re- s differences. It is wholly race rivalry, in which theol: has no part. The Arabs feel that Palestine belongs to them, and, in a spirit of patriotic na= tionalism, they resent the effort of Great Britain to rob them of its | session. It was the land of the Jews for 1,500 years, but since the fall of Jerusalem in the first century AD., fo# /2,000 years, it has not been J It is traditionally the Holy Land, jonly of ths descendants of Abrahsm and Moses, but also of the followers of | Christ and also of the followers of | Mohammed. It is no more Holy Land | to the one than the other adherents of | the three religions. The Jews declare that their aims are not political but cultural. Yet the original plan of Theodor Hertal, the founder of Zionism, looked to estab- lishing, ultimately, 'a Jewish nation, where Jews from all parts of the world might find relief from oppression. * ok X * ‘The problems of administration are extremely intricate. First, there is the problem of political control of & pop- | ulation inexperienced in self-govern- | ment. Prior to the World War, they were subject to the iron rule of Turkey. It was to escage from that foreign op- pression that the Arabs fought with the allies against Turkey. The Turkish Republic has sbolished the Caliphate— the Moslem “Pope”—so the Arabs have no_religious ties with Turkish Islam. It is & problem of how to reconcile he | Zionism with Arab nationalism. There is not the slightest danger of a reli- gious war—a so-called “Hoiy War'—as would have been feared in days be- fore the World War. Germany tried to enlist all Moslems in her behalf in the World War, but Moslems are now di- vided—just ‘as Christians are divided— espectaily since the abolition of the Caliphate. Some years before the World W= an Arabic paper, published in Egyp!, said_editoriail “Has the time not yet come when, uniting the suppressed wailings of India with our own groans and sighs in Egypt, we should say to each other. ‘Come, let us be one, following the Divine words. victory ‘belongs to the united forces'? Certainly the time has come when we, India and Egypt, should cut and tear asunder the ties of the yoke imposed on us by the British.” That it was indeed a part of Ger- many's hope to have the support of a Holy War of Moslems against the allies, 18 shown by the writings of a xlngéesd German traveler, Carl Peters, in “There is one factor which might | fall on our side of the balance, and, in | case of a world war, might be made useful to us; that factor is Islam. As pan-Islamism, it could be played against Great Britain as well as against the Prench Republic; and if German | policy is bold enough it can fashion the dynamite to blow into the air the Tule of the Western Powers from Cape Nun_(Morocco) to Calcutta.” ‘While all these dire assumptions are based upon & united Islam of 30 years ago, there may be a hint in them still as to the great caution with which Great Britaln moves even today; in disarming the Jews rather than the Arabs. ere are half as many Mos- lems in India as the population of the United States. | The Arabs, through their Palestine executive, demand the revocation of the Balfour pledge and abandonment of the Jewish homeland project, non- mission of Jews into Palestine, limita. tion of sales of land to Zionists. Mos- lem possession of the Wailing Wall as part of the mosque, annulment of the British mandate and the founding of a amd-.rnlen:: nation. h:t A:lh: de- mands are not granted, t 0] 1y threateti a renewal of the “rebellls (Copyright, 1929, by Paul V. Cellins.)