Evening Star Newspaper, August 14, 1929, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR o With Sundsy Morning Editlon. __ WASHINGTON, D. C. August 14, 1929 | | WEDNESDAY. THEODORE W. NOYES. 11ty St nnsy] s Ave. H t 42nd St by R i N qaf'k Mi lertan Otce. ) 'me 8L, London, ;s England. L Rate by Carrier Within R. Evening Star. . e Evening 8 (when 4 City. er month 60c per month #5¢ per month c D e at'the end of sach month. ent in by mail or telephone the 5e Ational 8 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dally and Sunday. : Biadas ony All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunda yr..$12.00: 1 mo., $1.00 Bind RS Member of the Associated Press. saclated Press 13 exclusively p'mm»a 1 yr.. 56 1yr, 84 ted in this paper and published herein. All righ Epecial dispatches herein iocal of publication ef 0 reserved. Farm Co-operation. The era of co-operation has set in for Iy the farmer. Under the leadership of the Government. the farmers are plan- | ning to pool their produce and ‘to market it through co-operative effort on a tremendous scale. The latest developments are the announcements from New York of a gigantic co-opera- tive organization to handle fruits and vegetables and from the Federal Farm Board in Washington of plans for a co- operative selling agency for the wool growers of the country. Already, with the aild and advice of the Farm Board, there is being created a $20.000,000 grain corporation to help the farmers dispoee in orderly fashion of their wheat, corn and other grain erops. Not long #g0 eame from New Orleans reports of & project to organize a national cham- ! ber of agricultural co-operatives, with & membership of 2.000.000 farmers. It has been the contention of the ‘Hoover administration—and of many of the farm organizations themselves— that the great problem which confronted the Amefican farmer was marketing. Production on the farms of this country is not a problem. The farmers know how to produce, and with diligence can do so, far exceeding at times the de- mand for their products. Their trouble has laid in getting prices for their products which compensate for their investments and their lJabor. It does not require great acumen to grasp the fact that if a tremendous amount of wheat or beef or tomatoes is suddenly thrown into the market, prices of that commod- ity will be forced down immediately. Nor does it require great acumen to understand that the farmer, standing alone, is easily the victim of the buyer, who knows that the farmer must sell ‘when his crops come in. ‘The purpose of the efforts now being made by the Government and the farmers themselves is to make it possi- ble for the farmers to obtain more ade- | quate prices for agricultural products than they have obtained in the past. The farmers have suffered greatly in comparison with the manufacturers and with labor when it comes to selling. ‘They have to buy in a well organized market. If the farmers now are to benefit by higher prices, some one must pay those prices. It remains to be seen whether the general consumer of food- stuffs is to pay this bill or whether the price increases are to be squeezed out of the middle man, who is reputed to have grown fat at the expense of the farmer. There is no question that there has been a tremendous spread between the price paid the farmer for his prod- uce and the price paid by the consumer for foodstuffs. But, whoever pavs the price, it has , been clear for a long time that 1h!| American farmer, generally speaking, hes been entitled to a better deal. It has been pledged the farmer by the Republicans and the Democrats. The Republican administration has gone ahead with its plans to give the farmer 8 chance to obtain better prices for his products. The huge co-operatives al- ready planned are in a measure its answer to the demand for farm relief. If they work successfully, the farm problem, 80 far as the farmer as a elass s concerned, will be solved. 'No plan can make every individual farmer a success. r—oes Tt is agreed by Russia and China that there need be no war if prompt dis- eretion is shown by one side or the other in knowing when to vield a point. ) Sea Supremacy. ‘The race for supremacy on the sea takes a new turn. The Germans hav- ing successfully launched and broken all records for travel across the Atlan- tie with the Bremen, the pride of the North German Lioyd Line, it is re- Ported from London that the White Star Line has accepted the challenge and is planning a bigger and faster ship in the hope of wresting the honors from its rivals. The British line has gone so far as to scrap the 1,000-foot keel, already laid with much ceremony, of the new Oceanic. When the new vessel is launched it is to be longer and faster still than the plans originally called for. The White Star is to take no chances of being unsuceessful in lowering the record now set by the new , German ship. ' When the United States Government sold the United States Lines to private American owners not so many months | ago, the contract provided that within three years the ship owners should con- | struct two new fast passenger vessels. Already work has been under way for some time on the designs for these ships * and the specifications for their con- struction. They are to be built for speed and comfort, and there is & gen- eral understanding that their tonnage will be approximately 50,000. The Bremen's tonnage is 46,000. The Gov- ernment, under the contract with the ! American owners of the United States Lines, i to ald in financing the con- struction of the two new ships to the | extent of 75 per cent of the cost. BSo Yankee shipbuilders and engineers may be expected to enter the race, too, for the supremacy of the sea—a suprem- acy which was America’s before the Civil War days, when Yankee elipper ships sailed the seven seas and showed their heels to the merchant fleets of all the other meritime nations. It is proper that America should take its place in ’ the fleld of maritime commerce. These great passenger ships which drive across the Atlantic Ocean today at tremendous speed have as their destination Ameri- can ports. They carry American pas- sengers in perhaps greater numbers than those of any other nationality. Too long this country was satisfied to sit idly by while the ocean-going traffic of this country was carried in the mer- chant vessels of the British, the Ger- mans, the French, the Italians and the Scandinavians. The plight in which this country found itself at the beginning of the World War and later, when America joined the conflict, is not yet ancient history. merica needs its fieet of merchantmen, second to none. Ameri- can commerce warrants it, and as a measure of national defense the con- struction of fast ocean liners is second | in importance only to the construction of an adequate Navy. This is the time to construct such a merchant fleet. American capital seeks many flelds of investment today. Shipping is one to which it could well give greater atten- tion. ——— Compulsory Taxicab Insurance. The Public Utilittes Commission ap- parently is about to make another effort to force taxicab drivers to provide some sort of liability for damage which might suffered by persons or property as the result of accidents. . Bafed in previous efforts by the courts, which held illegl an order in 1026 compelling all operators or owners of taxicabs not having asscts satisfac- tory to the commission to either file an indemnity bond or take out insurance, the commission now has before it & recommendation by Earl V. Pisher, its executive secretary, that taxicab oper- ators be required to show that they are financially responsible before they are issued licenses to operate public vehi- cles. The recommendation, which was made after a conference with Corpora- tion Counsel Bride and his assistant, Robert E. Lynch, seems to be due to re- ! ceive eonsideration. for the commission- | ers announced thev would postpone definite action. awaiting a written report | from Mr. Bride outlining their furis- | diction. « The private operators in 1926 claimed | that thev conld not afford the insurnce | necessary, and that there was no more reason for compelling them to insure than for compelling owners of private automobiles to do so. Considering the thousands of miles run annually for each taxicab, it seems only reasonable that an independent operator before he sets himself up in business to rumpnh[ with organized operators should at least have financial assets sufficient to pro- tect the public from accidents which might or might not be due to his care- lessness. and any automobile driver knows that many of the professional drivers of taxicabs are no respecters of persons or other automobiles in the competition for fares in Washington. ‘While the movement for compulsory liability insurance for private automo- bile drivers still is at a standstill the powerful weapon which this new sug- gestion seems about to put in the hands of the utilities commission certainly is & step in the right direction. The provision in the 1926 order which ex- empted vehicles operated by a firm, as- soclation or corporation having net clear assets of $5,000 for the first cab, $7,000 for the first two cabs and $1,000 | each for the next 43 cabs was declared discriminatory by the independents, and | it was on this point that the court fight | was made. The exemption, of course, was on the grounds that these assets in themselves represented a cash operating fund out of which claims for damages might be collected. N A New Reform. A recent Associated Press dispatch in The Star announces that there is & movement on foot to abolish “love” 50 far as the use of the term in tennis scoring is concerned. On the ground that so tender an ex- pression has no place in the slam bang, he-man game that tennis has become and that it is actually stunting the growth of the game among the boys and girls of the country, a player of some prominence around New York is launching & vigorous assault upon the word which has always been used to indicate “nothing” or “sero” on the court, . Perfect! Carrying the idea just a little further, all holding hands at a card table should be tabooed as should the win- ning of any horse race by a neck. Clinches should be taken out of box- ing, and any one who hugs a bese in the great national pastime should be ostracized. No pins should be allowed to clasp. Anything like & lure in fishing m be proscribed. Bridles and grooms should be ejected from all stables. Flowers shall be planted in anything but beds, and the very bosom of Mother Earth spoken of only in a whisper. Any one who speaks of kissing in a billiard game should be deported. Perfect! Perfeet drivel. .ooee Nothing can prevent New Jersey from being more famous for its beauty eon- tests than for startling homicide cases. ——v———————— The German Republie. ‘The German Republio- is ten years old. It celebrated its tenth anniversary on Sunday. The “republicans” staged @ demonstration in Berlin which in- dicated a growing respect and affection Ifnrr the form of government which came to Germany, not as an actual result of internal upheaval, but rather as the result of a disastrous interna- tional war, into which the German | people were led by former Kaiser Wil helm. The republican form of govern- ment was expedient after the close of the World War. It was quite clear that the reigning family of Germany was not to be allowed to eontinue to reign; that the ‘Allles would never agree to such a proposition. Indeed, there was talk of dealing rather summarily with the former Kaiser. But while the republican form of government in Germany has in a meas- ure been a symbol of defeat, it has taken on a far more important meaning for the people of Germany. Under that form of govérnment the German people have arisen, have fought their wpy,_out, of the glqugh, of debt, depres- sion and despair which followed in the wake of the war. They have built up again their industries. They have achleved notable suceesses in many lines, with their lighter-than-air ships and withtheir new ocean shipping, And undéi. thelr republican govern- | Senator Smoot might interest himself !in this rather important phase of an . ship, !stress the fact that the efficacy of a G -8 ment the Germans are about to ob- tain & new adjustment of reparations which will benefit them and their coun- try and at the same time they: will see their soll free of foreign armies. This, provided The Hague conference, now at work, is successful. During the decade the German Re. public has been in existence there have been many predictions that it could and would not live; that eventually the country would revert to the old monarchical form of government. These predictions have been less fre- | tu quent and less insistent in recent years, as the republican form of government has manifested its benefits and has | become more and more firmly in. trenched in the affections of the people. Ten years is a brief period in the life of any nation. So far as the established form of government is con- cerned, such a period might be deemed merely an experimental period. It will be recalled that France passed through sev- eral stages before the republican form of government became definitely estab- lished in that country. There were the first and second empires in France, not to mention a brief return of the old reigning house of Frange to power, following upon the French Revolution, which set up a republican form -of government at the close of the eighteenth century, To say now that Germany may not revert to a monarchical form of government—perhaps & limited monarchy—that such a step would be impossible, would be at least taking a lot for granted. But this may be said: the German Republic is more firmly established than it has ever been and there are strong indications that a majprity of the German people are devoted to it, and that only a civil war could overthrow it. The German Republic is subjected to attacks from two angles—from the Nationalists, who demand a return of the old order, and from the Com- munists, who object strenuously to a republican form of government. But more and more the German people, sound and constructive as they are, have come to rely upon their republie. —_— e Aviators who fly low over golf courses take a serlous chance. Some of our | most Influential citizens are likely to become irritated by the introduction of | a new hazard at a critical stage of the | game. st Passengers are requested not to throw | songs on the radio. One of the popular | Who feels that the eyes of the | lighted cigarettes from planes when passing over dry fields, liable to fire. anti-cigarette campaign, e — ‘The Japanese beetle has appealed to a sense of the picturesque, but has not yet succeeded in assuming responsibil- ity for damage done by the ordinary caterpill . S An Atlantic City hen laild an egg while traveling in an airplane. The hen is stolid and enslaved to habit. If the irplane had laid an egg, “that would be news.” - vt While willing to establish a fishing | place for future presidential vacations, President Hoover properly refrains from any present intimation as to a person-1 age likely to enjoy it. e A e e ‘The power of finance is well recog- | nized. J. Plerpont Morgan's private | yacht is more of an influence for peace | than any present or projected battle- | ———r Neither Russia nor China has a keen sense of humor. There is no encour- agement to the hope that they will be able to dispose of a war threat by ughing it off. o It has remained for Mr. Dawes to diplomat is not to be estimated by the kind of trousers he wears. ——————————— As a magazine writer, Al Smith clings to serious comment on affairs and re- | frains from asserting any popular rivalry to the serial story. D e — An accurate business sense becomes invaluable as it points the fact that no war is a bargain for anybody. e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNBON. Worse Than War. Sometimes we heard about the deeds Of warriors who were bold. Btiil, Recollection bravely leads Unto the tales of old. Alas! The gangman now employs A pistol or a knife, ‘The dish & husband most enjoys Is poisoned by his wife, While many a heart-ache we endure, Life's way we can't reverse; Though War is Terrible, we're sure Assassination’s Worse, Laborious Thought. “Your recent speech,” said the close friend, “sounded a trifie dull.” “I tried to keep it from being enter- taining,” sald Senator Sorghum, “in order to get a reputation for statesman- ship. Out my way you've got to make the process of thought seem as labori- ous as possible.” Jud Tunkins says when you go up in an airplane the big thrill comes in won- dering how you are going to get back to earth where you started from. The. Barker, The- barker lifts a voice of cheer ‘When folks to see the sight draw near. We who have dwelt here many a day Listen to what he has to say And wonder how we've missed so much That serves our interest to touch. Afar, in search of thrills we roam, Neglecting those right here at home. Responsibility. “Does your wife drive from the back “Yes,” answered Mr. Chuggins. “But T have to try and bs a gentleman and take all the blame when a traffic officer stops us.” “Riches,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “in the possession of dyspeptic are only an optical illusion.” Queer “Sense of Humor, +Your roof an aviator hits - And then goes plunging through. And even if his life he quits He thinks the joke's on you. “T used to tell my troubles to & police- | men,” said Uncle Ebem}“but now de traffic cop knows ‘em fustl” . P S | “suntans” | varieties of per from cornsf TAR, WASHINGTO: Ts America getting to be too conscious of herself? Our life is something of a pose. afraid some one would miss seeing us. We are grandly aware that the eyes of the world are upon and this in rn makes us want to “show off” to impress the universe, Advertising, key to the backbone of |the people, reeks with such phrases as “smart young things.” It would seem that the country as a whole is something in the boat of the pretty girl who is pretty and knows it, as the phrase is. In the past it was held proper for a pretty girl to be both pretty and at least semi-ignorant of the fact. * ok ok % It is difficult for an observer to tell just what part his own awareness of events and trends plays in the general feeling which he holds that the country at large iy too conscious of itself. As one becomes older he undoubtedly secures & better grasp of life in its entirety and in its specific parts as affecting his own little individual living. He comes to see his own place in the universe and the places of his acquaint- ances and friends, and even of his ene- mies and all those vast numbers of strangers who are neither friends nor enemies. ‘This settling-down period varies with the individual. To some it comes in the twenties, to others in the thirties, to still others in the forties or fftles, and to a few it never comes. It is based partly on general experi- ence, partly on innate abilities and personal trends. and partly on the expo- sure to such forces as general education, the press, advertising and transporta- tion, which affect the country at large in more or less equal measure. No man, unless he be a recluse, is free from these varying influences in proportion to his sensitiveness to things modern. Almost every one may place himself into one of two classes—either he re- sents the new or he welcomes the new. In this matter he scarcely can be in- different, for to be non-committal is to ‘welcome. L Self-conscious America cannot even take to the healthful sport of bathing in sunshine without making a great hue and cry about it. Thousands upon thousands of men, women and children have been getting for many years without thinking much about it, but it remained for the year 1929 to put the word into the vocabulary of the Nation. Even the popular songs are taking it up. Last night we heard two “suntan” makers of “strip” cartoons has his white-skinned heroine declare as she | steps onto the beach, “Why, one feels positively naked without a coat of tan.” In the old days pigmentation of the skin used to be called “sunburn” and let go at that, but today it must be nothing more nor less than “suntan.” What was simply a portion of the man or woman who played beneath the rays of the sun, either at tennis, gol bathing or hiking, now is a “mode.” a fashion of that moment which is for- ever changing. ‘Women being more naive creatures than men, it is among them that one may see the ‘finest flower of the self- of a city full of modish women. some cular style become 'Widely heralded, all the women come forth in it, each one supremely satisfied with herself, not because she is wearing it, forsooth, but becsuse all the other women are wearing it! This is the perennial mystery of fashion, one which the male mind will never golve. Yet mere man, who pro- fesses o be above—or is it beyond?— fashion, is extremely averse to wearing anything which the other members of his sex do not wear. ‘The strong-minded gentleman who recently attempted:to start a fashion of pajamas as street garb found himself a sort of well of pajamas in an oasis of trousers. : * ok ok % ‘We have no doubt that it s this self- conaclous attitude of mind which Euro- peans resent in Americans. ‘We are so Kurpetullly hankering for records” of all sorts, so childishly eager to be “first” in something or other, that our m.uour’ul eom| p):;; must, b:tvutly amus peoples who put s stronger em) is on intellectuality. hose who have read Abbe Dimnet's k, “The Art of Thinking,” which has come to the proportions of a best seller, have enjoyed his eontrast of the mental attitudes of American and PFrench choolboys. Allowing for his national pride, one who has gone through the various sf of the educational system in the United. States must admit that the abbe wins the argument. The | French youth clings to his ideals, the American is glad to let them go. In one country pure intelligence is the ideal; in the other a mixture of intelli- gence and expediency. The average American will hold to his belief that this latter ideal is the: | most. practical as well as the most ideal in the long run, and will point to | Charles Lindbergh as the perfect exem- | plification of it. The answer must be that if all Americans, either young or old, were such s sensible mixture of modesty, intelligence and tact as the herolc colonel, there would be no fault |to be found with America, even by those who love her best. As it is, hundreds of critics are cease- lessly trying to “detect genius” in the new novels which pour from the presses. ! | We want to know our Dickenses before | { they “arrive” and to salute our future | prima donnas before they have sung a | note. Sometimes this procedure is | comic, sometimes tragic. but always it | smacks of the self-conscious boy or girl entire | theater are upon them when they take | their first seat in a box. | When Charles Dickens came to this| | country he found Afnericans tobacco- | spitting, crude, boastful. If he could| |come again, he would find them cul- | tured, cigarette-smoking, still proud of | themselves. The only fault he could | | find, we believe, would be that we are, | as a Nation, just a little bit too self- | conscious for the happiest living and | the most productive lives, especially in | i tg: spheres of intelligence and spiritu- | ality. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS Republican leaders in Washington are no longer guessing at the approxi- mate date when the new tariff bill will become a law. They are now trying to determine whether they possess suffi- cient strength and ingenuity to_write any sort of tariff bill into law. It be- comes increasingly apparent that some on the Republican side have reached a frame of mind where they believe that worse misfortunes could overtake them and the party than to have the Hawley-8moot bill die aborning. Chaos seems not too strong a word to apply to the present tariff situation on Capi- tol Hill. The farm spokesmen profess to see in the bill a gold brick for ag- riculture. Statesmen from the Eastare talking about political revolutions which will ensue if the tariff raises the prices of foodstuffs and accords no new bene- fits to manufacturers. It is now well within the reaim of possibility that all the hard work put in in revising the tariff since last January and more hard work in the months ahead may go for naught, LR Senator-elect Willlam 8. Vare of Pennsylvania has this week called for a “showdown” on the disputed title to | full stage. Alreads exhibits introduced | his Senate seat. He announces that he has so far recovered his health that he intends to come to Washington in the Autumn to direct In person his battle for admission to Senate membership. Last Winter when Reed of Missouri— the Vare nemesis—on the eve of his own retirement was demanding final disposi- tion of the Vare contest by a flat and final yejection of .the Pennsylvanian, Vare's friends worked hard and suc- cessfully to stave it off. The plea was advanced, with good effect, that Vare should be accorded an opportunity to present a personal pl which his i1l health then precluded. Now the tables are turned. It remains to be seen whether the Senate will this Winter tackle anew the Vare case. Most 8- nosticators doubt it. Senate state of mind may be expressed in the vernacu- lar of the Two Black Crows, “Why bring that up, :lh‘ v:re“.'" ‘William B. Wilson, Secretary of La- bor in the Wilson cabinet and Mr. Vare's Democratic opponent in the 1926 election, who still stands on the record as a claimant for the Vare seat, has recently found himself an important and lucrative post. He has been jointl; retained by the Iilinoils Coal Operators’ Association and the United Mine Work- ers of Illinois as permanent arbiter, umpire and referee of all disputes aris- ing between them in the operation of the Illinois coal flelds. He sits as a one-man court, from whose deecisions there is no appeal. Both sides have contracted to accept his awards as|r: binding and final. This new and sig- nificant movement in the bituminous coal industry,‘to preclude future strikes and lockouts was initiated earlier this year in Wyoming, where John P. White, the predecessor of John L. Lewis as president of the United Mine Workers, was engaged by the operators and the miners, union to fill a similar role in roming. # Wk * ok ok ok An uncommonly long time is bei 1. lowed to elapse in the naming of a suc- cessor to Mrs. Mabel Walker Willebrandt as Assistant Amm‘ey! xcirener‘ll. t:‘hne has been no contradiction of e report that whoever is selected it will be a man rather than a woman. It is known that a list of 30 or more candidates, actual or receptive, was assembled nearly two months ago in the Depart- ment of Justice and is supposed to have been receiving anxious and painstak- ing ' scanning by Attorney General Mitchell and the President. But all in- quiries as to when the appointment is to be announced are met with the uni- form response, “Not yet, but soon.’ Meantime, one guess is as as an- T, other Pk NP The first newspaper ever to be print- ed on paper made from cornstalks has just now been placed on exhibition in the Smithsonian Institution. It is claimed that the making of news print "::1 g‘the‘: NOwW _approa s ' commercial stage and foreshadows & revolution in the per industry. This will be someth! else for President Graustein of the In- ternational Paper & Power Co. to worry about. Farmers will cheer and news- paper proprietors will smile if the corn- stalk news prln't :n.ov:r arrives. |long way from being financially self- | sustaining, the Post Office Department | | paying out to the air mail contractors | much more then is taken in in| air mail. postage receipts. The department has reduced air mail | rates with gratifying results in popus | larizing the service. Now it seeks to scale down the carrying costs. Few | air_mail contractors, admit | to making profits yet. * ook % The Summer suspension of public | | hearings in the Federal Trade public | | utilities investigation is merely a brief | | intermission in the slowly unfolding | | drama of the “power trust.” The in- | quiry into the propaganda activities | |of the network of public utility pub- | licity bureaus, which has been a sort | of first act of the play, is virtually fin- | ished. Next will come the probe of the | financial aspects of the myriads of op- | erating and holding companies. Turn | ing the daylight on the financial “'set- | up” of the industry rates, capitalization security issues, etc., was the principal objective of the investigation, but to | date it has been kept back while the | propaganda prelude has occupied the however, | which relate almost solely to the propa- | ganda phase total 4.489 and the steno- | graphic transcript of testimony runs to | more than 8000 pages in 80 volumes. | Volume 14 of the printed record is now available as a public document which 'f"um' the hearings through May 11 | 1ast. (Copyright. 1929 ————— Lee’s Academy Career Is Held Rich Field From the Roanoke World-News. Becretary of War Good has approved Smith, superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point, that “large and appropriate” portraits of Gen. Robert E. Lee and of Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard be hung in the cadet mess hall of the Military Academy. Both of these Conlederate generals were superintendents of the Military Academy at West Point, and small pic- tures of each are already in place. Gen. Smith considers, however, that its of a size similar to those of other past superintendents should be substituted, and the work will be done at once at the expense of the Military Academy. The fact that Gen. Lee, when & colo- nel of the United States Army, was. for some yegrs superintendent of the Mili- tary Academy at West Point is one that has been largely overlooked by his biog- ers. There would seem to a field here for real historical study. It would be interesting to know what gen- eral officers in both armies were cadets at the academy under Lee, and how far the rather elderly Confederate com- mander had the opportunity of juflxmg character and competence on the fiel of battle by what he knew of their work as cadets at West Point. President Henry Louis Smith has rendered a fine service in his study of the career of Lee as president of Wash- ington College at Lexington in the five years that followed the War Between the States. Dr. Smith shows that as a eollef: excutive Lee was far in advance of his time, proposing to his board of of business administration and other forward steps such as the larger Ameri- can universities have only adopted in very recent years. As Dr. Smith points out, Lee was deeply impressed with the more serious problems of Southern re- construction and with ration of the leaders for the building up of the new South. / It would be interesting to know what policies he advocated and what in- struction methods he introduced while superintendent of the Military Academy at West Point, and to have a list of those who later achieved eminence in the armies on both sides of the Oivil War, who were trained under. him in of war. ——.———— Popular Seizure. Prom the Cleveland News. Seizure of a palatial yacht with $10,000 worth of choice I board should help to mak popular with the masses. et Mexican Sharpers. From the Fort Warne News-Sentinel. on bition for men ! n: | nected with the chances of any of those the suggestion of Maj. Gen. Willlam | visitors a school of journalism, a school | Politics at Large By. G. Gould Lincoln. ‘The posaibllity of Alfred E. Smith's becoming again the Democratic candi- date for th‘!';nlm ncy eame up for dis- cussion at tne Institute of Public Af- fairs, meeting at chnrlomqule. Va. The publication of Gov. Smith's suto- blography, "Up to Now,” also ha brought abeut no little talk of the possi- bility of his renomination in 1932. In- deed, the title of his autobiography sug- ts that the former Governor of New i'eo'rk may have very definite ideas for . But, whether he has or not, h is saying nothing it nd if he is bent on seeking to ‘comeback” in the fleld of major litics, as some of his friends believe, E‘Z is wisely awaiting the turn of events before g any announcement of his plans, L But whatever the hopes of Gov. Smith's friends may be for his renomi- ation, there are leaders of the democ- racy in the South today who say with gut positiveness that he will not again the nominee of the Democratic party for President. They add a corollary, and say that if he is the party nominee in 1932 the entire South will either go Re- publican or 1t will set up an independ- ent Democratic ticket and cast its elec- toral votes for that candidate. These Democrats would much prefer the latter course. For by following such a course they might be able to hold the States of the “solid South” in line for the democracy of the future. On the other hand, if they placed an independent Southern Democratic ticket in the field, or even nominated & dry Democrat from the West or North as their candidate, the Democratic party might become 8o badly split that it would disintegrate and tnve place to a new political align- ment. The Democratic national convention still has the two-thirds rule for nomi- natlon of candidates for President. The Southern Democrats feel that they will be strong enough, aided by some of the party leaders in the West, to “stop” Gov. 8mith, should his name be put forward seriously in the 1932 conven- tion. Last year, at Houston. the South- ern Democrats acquiesced in the nomi- nation of the ?ovullr New York gov- ernor, though it was against their bet- ter judgment. All the border States were lost to the ticket and four of the dyed-in-the-wool Democratic States of e “solid South.” The Democratic leaders, who have been accustomed to carrying these States of the South as regularly as clockwork, say they have had enough. Mr. Smith, they declare, had his day and they do not mean to rolong it. " This comes from men who ve their support to the former Gov- rnor of New York openly and whole- heartedly during the last campaign. * K ¥ % Assuming for the moment that these Southern Democrats—and some of thelr | Western colleagues are equally em- phatie—are correct in their judgment and that the presidential nomination of their party will not go to Mr. Smith in 1932, the question arises: “It not Smith, who will be the party nolmlnre?"l t is early to speculate—perhaps far too early. But there is no doubs thet some of the Democratic leaders already are casting round for a Moses to lead | them out of the wilderness. The | names which they i discussions are those of Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt of New York, who carried | the Empire State last year when it was giving its electoral vote to President ' Hoover over Mr. Smith; Owen D.| Young. also of New York State: Sena- | tor Joseph T. Robinson of Arkansas, Democratic leader of the Senate, who was Smith's running mate in the last campaign: Newton D. Baker of Ohio, former Secretary of War in the Wilson | administration, and Senator Thomas J. Walsh of Montana, a Catholic but also an ardent dry, Naturally there are many “ifs” eon- mentioned for the presidential nom- ! ination. Gov. Roosevelt, for example, Jmust be re-elected chief executive of is State next year if he is to be seri- ously considered for the nomination, His health, fortunately, has been on | the mend. But that, too. presents en | clement of chance. Owen D. Young looms in the public eye today as the mention in th-r" | fered a greater penalty than death. ANSWERS, TO QUESTIONS . BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. ‘Take advantage of this free service. It you are one of the thousands who the bureau, write us servi begin_now. It is maintained for your benefit. Be sure to send your name and address with question, and inclose 2 cents in coins or stamps for return postage. Address The Eve- ning Star Information Bureau, Prederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Q. What is the record size for brook trout?—F. 8. A. The prize specimen weighed 1413 | unds, and wupt:ckm in the Nlpm: iver in Ontario. Q. What became of the old Berliner Gramophone Co.?—W. F. M, A. The manufacture and sale of the gramophone was first conducted by the United States Gramophone Co., followed by the Berliner Gramophone Co., and| then by the Victor Talking Machine Co., which acquired its rights from the former companies. Q. Does 1t ever snow in Jerusalem?— A. Tt does snow in Jerusalem, but in-| frequently. The range of temperature is from 25 to 112 degree Fahrenheit. :h; average annual precipitation is 23 ches. Q.- What is the Government tax on cigarettes?—E. H. 8. A. The Government ta. on cigarettes is $3 per 1,000, or 6 cents per package of 20 cigarettes. Q. Where is Greenwich Village in New York City?>—H. F. A. Greenwich Village is in the vivin- ity of Washington Square. In the early history of New York a settlement was| made here, and many historic events | are recorded as having taken place in | the village. But the city finally ab-| sorbed the village, and today it has n official or formal recognition. Green-| wich Village now merely represents a small section of the city south of Four-| teenth street and on the west of Fifth! avenue, boundad on the south by Fourth street and on the west- by Sheridan Square and the streets in the neigh- borhood of the Greenwich Village Thea- ter. The village is famous because pf its studios, small art shops, restaurants, crooked streets, and its population of | artists, art students and writers, ? Ax- pecan wood used for fumihxre?i A. The TForest Service says that| pecan wood is used very little for furni- | ture. It is not in the same class with oak and mahogany, but it is about the same as gumwood. It is used for mis- cellaneous purposes where great strength is needed. | Q. What _is brary?>—E. W. | A The princlPlI library of Prance ! and the largest library of the world is the Bibliotheglie Nationale, Paris, Q. Is it now possible to witness an | exhibition drill at Fort Myer>—F. B. 8. | A. Exhibitions for the public at Fort | Myer have been suspended, and will not | be resumed until January, 1930, Q. How many species of insects are | there?>—D. W. A. Estimates of the total number of insects, described and undescribed. range from 2,000,000 to 10.000,000. More he Teading Prench 1i-| |in than half a million have been described. Q. Has Turkey eompulsory military service?—J. 8. A. All the Turkish subjects (male) are under the obligation of fulfilling the ecompulsory mill service. The terms of service are: compulsory military service includes a period of 26 years, ing from the age of 20 to 46 years. The active service: Infantry, one and one-half years; cavalry, artil- lery, gendarmerie “and’ military band, two and a half years. The rest of the compulsory service consists of & period of reserve. - Q. Please give me the average meas- uremegt of & cacao M'f:;mfl' SR . 8 pods are al inches ltg:. with a diameter of from 2 to 5 inches. Each pod contains from 20 to 40 beans. Q. What sort of material is vegetable flannel?—M. P. A. It is a fabric of pine-leaf fiher treated with chemicals to free it from resin, ete. Q. When _was the game battledore and shutflecock first played?>—T. T. W. A. This game was invented in the fourteenth century. Q. Which are the oldest churches in Berlin, Germany?—H. H. 8. A. The oldest churches in Berlin are the Nikolal Church and 8t. Marvs. ‘They were built in the thirteenth cen- tury, but have been restored. Q. When did Mme. Lillian Nordica give her last concert?>—A. T. M. A. Her last concert was at Melbourne, Australia, in December, 1913. -Q. Where is a monument to be erected to Joseph Priestley?—B. E. L. A. A monument to Joseph Priestley, the discoverer of oxygen, is to be erected lI’ENflrrthumlnrllud. PA., by the Joseph estley Conference of Unitarians, Q. he wrote ‘Where was Longfellow living when ok “The Old Clock on the Stairs"? A. Tt was written in ‘his Pittsfleld, Mass.,, home, Q. How long have honeydew melons been on the market>—H. T. H. A. Honeydew melons were introduced into Colorado from Prance in 1913, ard the culture has spread to every melon- growing State in the Union. These melons prefer an arid or semi-arid re- Q. When was Bunker Hill Monument erected>—E. L. M. A. Bunker Hill Monument was for- mally dedicated in 1843, Daniel Web- ster being the chief speaker at the ceremonies. - The corner stone was laid 1825, Gen. Lafayette assisting as an honored guest of the occasion. Q. Are Rhodes scholarships available to the midshipmen at Annapolis?>—L. K. A. Annapolis midshipmen may now compete for appointment as Rhodes scholars, Q. What proportion of the Egyptian population is addicted to the use of narcotics?>—A. P. T. A. Col. Russell, British head eof Cairo's drug control bureau, estimates that 500.000 Egyptians out of 15,000,000 use narcotics in some form, spending S2o.0!00,000 annually to satisfy their craving. Veteran Criminal Studied As He Leaves Prison for Farm More than half a century ago prison | doors clanged behind Jesse Pomeroy, rotorfous Massachusetts criminal at the | age of 17, shutting him from the out- side world. ~After 53 years he traveled | again the highways, being transferred from the prison in Charlestown to the | State farm at Bridgewater, and was| rendered speachless with amazement at | the changed aspect of the country he had once known. Discussing the case, some observers suggest that he has suf- adjuster of the complicated war repara- tions and debts of the nl!ionps. of | ! rope, and also as an eminent Ameri- | ean business man. His candidacy has been advanced in a number of the | Southern States already. On the other | hand. it has been intimated in some | quarters that his connection with the | | electrical power development may set a5 a deterrent when it comes to pick- | {Ing a presidential candidate. * ok ok X The Democrats who urge the nom- | ination of Senator Robinson call nr:'er:- tion to his long public career and his | Success as Democratic leader of the | Senate. He has been on the firing Iine for the party for years. He might well be expected to win the support of friends of Gov. Smith, whom he s0 lovally aided in’ the last campaign. It is the custom, they say, for big or- ganizations to promote men to vacancies at the head of those organizations who have served in many capacities in the organizations. This, they insist, should | g0 for political organizations as well as | those of big business. Senator Robin- son has been & member of the General Assembly of his own State, has been a presidential elector and electoral mes- senger, a Representative in Congress, Governar of Arkansas, a Senator of the United States, and, finally, the party candidate for Vice President. He has led his party on the floor of the Sen- :::p !;yr ehta:t'yetnr;. ":"he only other lor 0 take, they say, is into the White House. Sk Some of the Democrats of the West like the thought of running Newton D. Baker of Ohio for President. They look on him as a Progressive who would have the solid support of the Democrats who followed Woodrow Wilson. They cite his great ability, and belleve he has not so far retired from the field of politics that he cannot be brought back successfully. The West also has a gg:lbln andidate in the person of ator Walsh of Montana, a Progres- sive, a dry, and one of the most prom- inent figures in the party, * k% New Jersev Republican leaders are striving to frame a slate that will fit after Senator Walter E. Edge shall have shaken the dust of the senatorial chamber from his feet and gone to Paris 10 represent the United States there as Ambassador to France. David Baird, jr., one of the most active of the younger litical leaders of the State, seems to the choice of many of them. Sena- tor Edge's term of office expires ordi- narily March 4, 1931. His successor must be elected next year. But the governor will np’)olnv. his immediate successor soon after Senator Edge re- signs from the Senate to go to France, ‘which probably will be as soon as the tariff revision bill has been finally dis- . _This means that at the elec- tlon next year a Senator must be chosen to fill out the short term, ending March 4, 1931, and also a Senator must be for the long term. Former Gov. to mention former Senator Joseph Fre- linghuysen. have their eyes on the senatorial job. Suggestion has been made that the appointment” go to Stokes after Edge Edward C. Stokes of New Jersey, not | M Things that are commonplace to us in our modern civilization ‘were as atrange to this man as if he had sud- denly been transported from another planet.” is the way the Flint Daily Journal describes his reactions, stating that he had been as “isolated from the world as if he had been a Robinson Crusoe.” Or, as the St. Louis Globe- Democrat phrases it. “while this eon- | vict of furtive look and dulled expres- | sion, like that of the ‘Man With the Hoe.' was leading a life in which he would have been startled by a slight change in the coarse fare supplied him | for breakfast, revolutions have taken place in almost all things outside his place of confinement.” | The 8t. Paul Pioneer Press observes | that “Pomeroy might have lived a cycle | in the Europe of yesterday and been less | amazed on his return. Life and death would have made great gaps. but the material, industrial and mechanical | progress of the last 50 years in America | would not have been there to lay hold | on him and make him a wordless won- | derer. helpless before a new earth that man has made in half a century.” Yet many things in the world are not changed, as the Birmingham News-Age | Herald points out, saying: “But that | world, 8o strange to him, had changed | only in part. Across it still falls the | black shadow of hate and greed and | other evils. Today men Kkill and are | killed, just as in the days of the con-| vict’s bovhood. Justice is still battling | with murder and theft and other crimes | against soclety. In some respects the | world has changed. . In others it re-| mains the same. The contest between | right and wrong, good and evil, will go a:lnuntfl the last syllable of recorded * % % % “The case of Jesse Pomeroy, life- termer in a Massachusetts prison, causes some to wonder it uglul punishment isn’t more humane than some other methods,” says the Lincoln State Jour- nal, which refers to the prisoner having been confined 53 of his 72 years. “He| was in solitary confinement for more than 40 years,” explains this paper, as it cites the fact that “his reason has given way under the strain. If this man coulbt:bh_n;‘e kmwr'x m:d {?\”'hb’ ou‘lg probably have preferr . ] which he was zn sentenced.” “Many penologists,” in the opinion of | the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, “will agree | that it would have been better if Jesse Pomeray had been executed in 1876. * ¢ ¢ His long life in n has been a marked disadvantage to the prestige of criminal law_in Ameflcl."} As the Morgantown New Dominion puts it, “his life has been more than wasted. He actually died 53 years ago, yet his | body has continued to live and his Republican leaders would like to have this matter settled as early as ible, there still appear elements of delay. r. Vare was elected to the Senate in Unless some! is done before very long, his term of office may pire without his ever ing been seat- ed in the Senate. A majority of the Senate has been hostile to his taking leaves office, and that Stokes be the candidate for the short term, leaving the long term for Baird. This plan is looked upon with favor by many of the Republican leaders. But so far it is tood tha any plan with s nuzud in to it. A combination of the Baird and Stokes forces doubtless would be victorious in the primaries. Pnllnf'-l iy e e & other !uv.kl).m"o:e 'dlflflflt of the return of Wil- The_possibility ), tor-elect from Penn- e e L t Gov. Stokes has ‘not | he ‘The | mammoth university, much his seat. Two actions against him are nding, one a contest brought by his gmflcflfin opponent, Willlam B. Wil- son, and the other a rt of the old Reed slush fund co ttee, declaring should not be seated because of cor- money in the primary election. Senate has been loath to act in the Vare matter becausé of the serious {ll- ness of Mr. Vare, and has aldumm:l the matter because it was agreed it Mr. Vare should be given an opporti+ nity to be heard in his own defense before final action was taken. There is still an element of doubt, despite the resent reports, that Mr. Vare will come 5, w’ to make Q):.lhg appeal b;: simple needs have been gatisfied. He has paid for his crime a thousandfold, and yet the State continues to make him pav. Perhaps it is better that he be not turned loose now, but how much better it would have been had his orig- inal sentence of death been carried out.” On the question of the fact that Pomeroy is still a prisoner, though transferred to the State farm, the Hart- ford Daily Times has this to say: * cumstances of the case and of Pomeroy'’s confinement are such that Massachu- setts officials believe he is not & person to be at large. Hence the pro- posal to transfer him to the State farm, where he would have all the liberty he is capable of enjoving. Any di to criticize Massachusetts for pursuing the Mosaic theory of punishment with inhuman vindictiveness should, under the circumstances, be restrained.” * ok % As to the thoughts of the himself, the Memphis c::mnmmef péal suggests that “the sunshine and the | alteration in the masonry of his cell or PN air will be good for his physieal body, but the rest, even though he has the temporary joy of discovery, will be an unending source of bewilderment for his soul. It will probably not be long." the Tennessee daily suggests, “before he wishes that he could be back in the solitude and quiet of his cell, and it may yet be proven that his transfer, well intentioned and kindly as was the motive which inspired it, is almost as unmerciful and blind as the t; of ju&tlce that_kept him 41 years in izo- ation."” Hope that his fate mav prove a de- terrent to vouths hesitating on tha brink of a eriminal career is expressed in various comments. Says the Wichita Beacon: “Desperate young outlaws of lay, others embarking on careers of crime, may observe the case of Jesse Harding Pomeror. There are young men today who may have a fate similar to his. They will be shut off from the outside world of wonders. They will enter darkened cells. They, too, will be lifers, with hope gone, facing an eter- nity of punishment in a lifetime. What will they sce when they come forth from the shadows, aged men?" To the Topeka Daily Capital this pitiful case warns socicty to endeavor to discover such criminally minded in- dividuals “before they have committed major crimes. Some of them ean be cured. some cannot,” asserts the Capi- tal, suggesting that “those who cannot should be confined permanentiy.” 3 v Great Universities Are Growing Greater From the Charlotte (N. C.) News. While almost all the small colleges | are struggling for breath and fighting with their backs to the wall for financial sustenance, the great colleges continue to become greater. Yale received in gifts during the past year $10,000,000, and Harvard went that mark better by having $13,500.000 dumped over into its resources. One reason, of course, that the outstanding institutions eompel attention from the rich alumni is that they are going and growing concerns. Men do not want to invest their money in anything that does not hold its head up and indicate that it has determination and persever- ance to live. Furthermore, an explanatory fact in such cases is that these larger institu- tions number ong their alumni the men of America of great wealth. On other hand, few rich men sons to the small colleges. some reason or other, they prefer the glory and prestige that come from mere big- ness and bulk. A boy can get a suf- ficlent education at & small colleRe and one that will ordinarily stand him in as stead as that derived from the of the boy A ,ithe smaller institution is up ‘sgainst it "when it comes to com- manding pal from men with means. So it comes to pass that this of a college must depend upon the loyalty of the smaller groups of limited means for their continual Soclety ean ill afford to get along without them. They n the cl 'I:t,.wenu the ate in person in Decem u..|5§" If he doesn't the matter is ag out still g piwg ez community leaders h mlk!llflfi\l Munm'uw - '