Evening Star Newspaper, June 17, 1929, Page 8

THE EVENIN THE EVENING STAR ___ With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.........June 17, 1920 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Offce. 11th 8t. and Pennsyivania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Buildine. European Office. 14 Rewent 81, London, Erglan | o | Rate by Carrier Within the City. | The Evening Star 45c per month The Evening and Sunday Star (when & Sundays) ... The Evening and Sunday Star (when 5 Sundavs) 65¢ per ronth The Sunday Star 5c per copy Collection made at’ihe end of (ach month. | Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone Main 5000. 60c per month Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Sunday....1 yr,$10.00. 1 mo. $6.00: 1 mo 1 mo. etly an. Daily on day only 5c 50c 40c All Other States and Canada. DPaily and Sunday..1 yr. $12.00: 1 mo. aily only 1¥r), £8.00: 1 mo. unday only . 1¥r $5.005 1 mo. $1.00 75e 50c | Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled | o the use for republication of all 1 ews dis- | atches credited to it or not otherwise crec ited in this paper and also the locel 1ews published herein. Al richis of publication of gpecial dispatches herein are also reserved ——— - Location of the Airport. The Board of Trade has asked one of Washington'’s gocd friends, Senator | Bingham, to protect the District against | the obvirus unfairness of going beyond | its own horders in search of a site for a Capital airport. Senator Bingham states that no decision will be made regarding | a site until the joint congressional com- mission has the money to spend for it While this is reassuring, the board does well to call attention to a matter that | is of great importance to this commu- | nity. Such importance does not rest on the fact that an airport, lying conveniently near the city but beyond the borders of the District, would offer any great dis- advantage. It is conceivable that such a location might. in the end, prove destra- | ble. That point can be taken up by | properly informed experts when the time | comes for the actual purchase. But airport legislation as now written contains a definite stipulation that after the first Federal appropriation of $500,- 000 future appropriations for the air- port will be financed through the an- nyal District appropriations, and that the Federal Government will contribute in the proportion that it contributes to other District activities. If the nine millions lump sum is indefinitely re- tained, a fraction of that sum will go to the airport; if the fiscal relationship is in some manner changed, it will affect the airport as it affects other District projects. The legislation therefore maies of the airport a project to be patd 81 mainly out of local revenue. If that carries with it any semblance of prom- 1se of local control and operation, as it 8hould, locating the airport in one of | the adjoining States will not only be unfair, but will present practical diffi- culties as well. The board does not attempt to argue the merits or demerits of the Gravelly Point site or any other site available 1n the District. Nor should it. Responsi- bility there lies with an able commis- sicn of Congressmen who have the best of technical advice at their disposal. But the method adopted for financing this project gives the local community & right to be heard as far as concerns the airport’s location within the borders ©f the District. —— The School Estimates. It was to be expected that the ex- fgencies of a situation calling for the widest distribution of a limited amount of money would result in some paring | of the Board of Education’s estimates for 1931. And while the Commissioners are reported to have lopped nearly a million dollars off the board's estimates they still represent an increase of $268,- 000 above the amount allotted in the proposed five-year financial program and an increase of more than a million | dollars over the 1930 appropriations. The Commissioners struck a compromise between the five-year program and the Board of Education’s recommendations. As the Board of Education co-operated | with the Commissioners to the extent of requesting Dr. Ballou and other school officials to sit in with them during the examination of the estimates, it is to be inferred that the necessary cuts were made where the schools will feel them least. The customary secrecy imposed in the preparation of the estimates for the Budget Bureau, however, will keep the public in the dark as to the fate of the schools until the budget is sent to Congress next December. 1f the Commissioners’ school estimates are to be maintained by appropriations they will not have shown any increase in proportion to the increase in the | budget. School funds represent 26 per cent of the total appropriations becom- ing effective July 1, and this same per- centage is maintained in the estimated appropriations for 1931. While school funds are increasing by a million dol- lars, the budget is increasing by three and a half million. The greater part of the Increase is to be accounted for in anticipated appropriations for eontinu- ing purchase of the municipal center site and beginning construction of the new courts building on the site. A It evidently occurs to Sir Esme Howard that there is no spectacular glory to be attained by the pageantry which surmounts a diplomatic attache on a liquor truck. ———ves The Pipes of Peace. Two of the world's most famous pipe | addicts—Premier Ramsay MacDonald of Great Britain and Ambassador Charies Gates Dawes of the United States—met in the Scottish highlands yesterday. It cannot be doubted that they set in motion some curls of smoke which one day are going to bank into clouds of Arfglo-American accord. Prime minister and envoy were to- gether for an hour and a half. Naturally the precise nature of their confab is their own secret. But they permitted it to be known that the meeting was “most satisfactory.” Conversation ranged around the paramount issue of naval limitation, and, in particular, concerned Mr. MacDonald’s reputed plan to discuss it in person at Wash< (G STAR, WASETROwo= 5. account of what actually took place -z!parmuy proceeds upon the assumption Forres yesterday. Gen. Dawes is to|that the eighteenth amendment relates | speak in London at a dinner in hisjonly to activities by private citizens. honor tendered by the Pilgrims’ Soclety, | Under his theory the United States | that indefatigable builder of Anglo-|Government itself would be empowered American understanding. At roughly [to manufacture and sell intoxicating the same hour Mr. MacDonald will de- | beverages if Congress and the Chief| THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. | ton treaty liver his maiden address as prime minister at Lossiemouth. Meantime, Messrs. MacDonald and Dawes have approved & statement which gives some inkling of the things they talked about, It is set forth that world powers would be invited to aid in solving the naval question. All this conjures up the vision of another international naval conference, prior to the 1931 meeting automatically provided by the Washing- London dispatches point out that Mr. MacDonald may summon such a conference during the next few | weeks. The MacDonald-Dawes communique ends with these prescient words: “Upon the successful conclusion of the nego- tiations, in which other naval power: are expected to co-operate, the fate of the whole world depends.” In the light of so trantcendent an announcement | we may well await impending events | with breathless erest. An Anglo- American naval entente, following in {he wake of the reparations settiement, would be the best news Mother Earth has had since the drums of the World War were muffied. R The Roanoke Convention. The strength of the anti-Smith Dem- ocratic organization in Virginia is to bs tested tomorrow. At Roanoke the Democrats who bolted their national ticket in the Old Dominion are to meet in convention. They must governcr of their own in the field, Whether they will return to the old party allegiance and support the can- didate of the regular Democratic or- ganization, or whether they will form a port a Republican nominee for governor. The strength of the anti-Smith senti- ment in Virginia last year was amazing to Democratic party leaders. Further- more, it was well organized—so well or- ganized that on election day the State went sgainst Alfred E. Smith and for Herbert Hoover by more than 25,000 majority. The anti-Smith leaders up to the present have been unwilling to have anything to do with the national party organization, which they claim is still dominated by former Gov. Smith and by his selection for national chair- man of the Democratic committee, John J. Raskob of New York, a pronounced wet. The anti-Smith Democrats in their opposition to the former Governor of New York have included Virginia Democratic leaders who gave their sup- | port, to Mr. Smith after he was nom- inated for President. They are after the political scalp of the regular Demo- cratic organization of the State. Their problem is to find the most practical method of achieving their end. Many of them, perhaps nearly all of them, desire to remain Democrats. They wish to purge the Democratic party, they say. If pessible, they wish to nominate one of their own members for governor and bring about his election over the Republican nominee, if the Republicans put up a candidate, and the nominee of the regular Democratic organization. The Republicans of Virginia, who, al- though they have never had a ma- jority, have an appreciable vote in the State, are desirous of strengthening their position in Virginia. They have no hope of winning the gubernatorial race unless they can have the support of Democrats who voted with them last Fall for Mr. Hoover. Their problem is to bring about a union between them- selves and the Hoover Democrats in support of a regular Republican nom- inee for governor or to join the Hoover Democrats and support a candidate from the ranks of the latter. of the State has been saying little for publication about the anti-Smith Demo- crats, It does not wish to see the split in the party broadened or made perma- nent. 1t would gladly welcome @ Feturn of the anti-Smith Democrats o the party fold. It realizes the danger to the regular organization which would Democrat for governor. Its hope is that the opposition will be split on election day, with the Republicans following their own candidate and the anti-Smith Democrats following their man. Under, such circumstances, however, they must face also the danger of a Democratic split of such large proportions as to enable the Republicans to win the elec- tion. The convention at Roanoke, there- fore, is filled with political dynamite. s In party discipline President Hoover does not return to the “big stick.” He rather favors the “hand of iron in the velvet glove.” s Liquor by Indirection. Milwaukee wets are preparing a legis- lative resolution to put the State of Wisconsin into the liquor business. Thelr theory is that the eighteenth amendment to the Constitution pro- hibits “the manufacture, sale or trans- portation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into and the exportation thereof from the United States” for Beverage purposes by private persons, but does not prohibit such action by State governments. J. G, { Hardgrove, former president of the Mil: waukee Bar Assoclation, is responsible, according to dispatches, for this in- genious plan to avoid the operation of the eighteenth amendment. The Su- preme Court of the United States, how- ever, must be heard from in the end. Many assaults upon the eighteenth amendment have come before the high- est tribunal of the land for final set- tlement in the past. It is notable, however, that in no instance have the opponents of prohibition been able to make headway in that court. ‘The language of the eighteenth amendment is broad. It does not say that the manufacture or the sale of intoxicating beverages shall be pro- hibited to private citizens, nor does it say that it shall be prohibited to State governments. In neither case is it specific. The language appears to be ton this Summer. Tha~ Ambassador )awes assurea the prem: a cordiak American welcome may be”taken for inclusive. It is quite clear that the ! intent of Congress, when it submitted the eighteenth amendment t~ the | puates for ratification, was,to_hajt ab- decide | whether they will put a candidate for | coalition with the Republicans and sup- | The regular Democratic orgnnlnllon' come from & real coalition between Re- | publicans and anti-Smith Democrats, | whether that coalition was supporting | & Republican nominee or an anti-Smith | ‘Execullvc. by majority vote and by the signature of the latter, should enact a law providing for such manufacture and sale | may violate the Constitution through action of its legislature and its gov- ernor, or that it may be violated by the ! Congress of the United States and the | President, seems to be equally un- | sound. ‘Wisconsin recently through put a llaw in its State Legislature repealing | ! the prohibition enforcement act of that commonwealth, This action was pre- | ceded by a referendum in which the | majority of the people of Wisconsin | voted for repeal of that enforcement lact. There is no disguising the fact a | majority of the people of Wisconsin {are against prohibition. But that does not give the people of Wisconsin or the | Legislature or the Governor of Wiscon- lsin the right to nullify or defy the | Constitution of the United States |long as the eighteenth amendment | stands unchanged in the Constitution prohibition will be the fundamental {law of the land. The | fcan people in the form pres the Constitution itself for changes in that document. | American people reach the conclusion, if ever, that the amendment is to be modified or repealed, they will take the necessary action. It cannot be done by a single State nor by a majority of the States. Only when three-fourths of them are ready for the change can it be effected. ——— It will be interesting in a small way to note when he visits this Nation whether Ramsay MacDonald has been | persuaded to smoke the same kind of |a pipe that Dawes favors. ——oe—s Report comes out that Harr; Sinclair The ability to make friends is one privilege which the law even in its most severe majesty cannot cancel. — e ——— The “chain newspaper” enterprises will still find old subscribers to be reck- oned with. “Vox Popull” and “Old Subscriber” are quantities not to be disdained. —————— New York City collects only a nickel car fare; but the cover charges in many points of destination annihilate any impression of economy. . Smugglers are not strictly loyal to {any country. Their code insists that {laws were made to be evaded. ————— A motor race tests mechanism. Pos- | sible sacrifice of human life becomes |a minor incident in the experiment. e I st SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Reversion to Type. Once there was a good old mule Who trudged along his way. By modern Transformation's rule He's now a Flivver gay. While slower methods we disdain, Up yonder in the sky We sight a hastening aeroplane— ‘That Mule has learned to fiy! We learn, as changes come about And cycles new appear, The Mule and the canal boat stout Will surely reappear. ‘The motor, fed on gasoline, Though a mechanic tool, Will often balk and make a scene— The same as Old Friend Mule, Abstruse, ture idea to your constituents?” “Yes," answered Senator Sorghum. “They admitted that maybe I and a few others could understand it; other- the Einstein theory." Jud Tunkins says he goes into every guessing contest, hoping maybe he'll get enough practice to enable him to guess right in the next election. ‘Where Leather Fails, Steel Armor now he bears in mind In serious reflection. A simple “boot leg” he will find Is not s0o much protection, Shooting Up. “Aren’t you my old friend Cactus | Joe2" asked the new arrival. “Yes, “And do you continue to shoot up the little old town?” “Certainly not." I am still a cowboy and not a prohibition agent.” “As a preliminary to universal peace,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “I am humbly endeavoring to persuade my neighbors to set a good example and abolish the Tong wars.” Rest and Vacation. Vacation days are here. I've got to go And fish in places queer My joy to show. Vacation's stalwart zest Calls me to shirk. I shail, for real rest, Get back to work. “Don’t try to fohglt yoh troubles,” id Uncle Eben. “Try to remember ‘em an’ meet yoh ’sponsibilities.” Most of the Time. From the Little Rock Arkansas Democrat. You can tell the rich man in a small town, He wears ordinary clothes and buys an automobile that he’s able to pay for. How to Enjoy Vacation. Prom the New Castle News. Preparedness is merely a matter of getting all the vacation letters written before leaving home s0 as to be free to enjoy one's self. ——— et Good Gab Goes Gladly. From the Albauy Evening News. ‘That anti-scandal soclety, we pre- sume, when 1t has its meetings, will oc- casionally talk some scandal just to give examples of what scandal is. - L s Dangerous Peace Ground. From the Jackson Citized Petrivi. Chile and Peru hope to render their |is paseis AL The assumption that a State | eighteenth | amendment was adopted by the Amer- | ribed by | making | When the | “Have you tried to explain the deben- | wise, they regarded it as something like | | has been making a great many friends. | 1 | the | bringing them out How quickly a casual street scene in an American city can change to some- thing exciting! It does not take a hold-up to do it, but merely the threat of one, as implied | Pennsylvania avenue, they came pant- | in roaring police cars screaming their | ing up from E street, and down from | way at 50 miles an hour through noon- da; i hen, as if by magic, a certain tense- s overwhelms every one of the gayly dressed women, every one of the staidly dressed men, until an atmcsphere is | created. Suddenly the whole street is changed; it is different in a moment. Something electrical is in the air. You can 'see people hurrying up and down side streets, as if they had scented the thing from afar and were answer- ing the call of the wild in all of us. It wes the screeching siren on a spectator standing along the main street—in this case it was F—it was as it all those men and Women smelled disaster. The pungent aroma of danger was Laughing girls, yet with a serious look in their , were madly scrambling along sidewalks, de- termined to be in at the death, if it were a death, or to be there to “laugh it off” if it were only a false alarm. No one can ever be sure. The police cars go just as fast when it is nothing at ali as when it is something. The report comes in. “A man has been murdered!” Maybe it was only some one suddenly seized With a fit, but an excited spectator, seeing the thing too quickly, had run to a phone and told his version of what he didn’t | see, EE I Every eye of thousands of midday pedesirians was turned upon the fast- moving automobiles as they dashed— there is no other word for scene of the accident. Louder and louder blared the siren As it passed the corner of Eleventh street the car seemed to slow up for a sccond, then to open itself up again, The siren took on a new note— high-pitched scream which made way into every crack and cranny every building, penctrating stone easily as wood and stecl as deftly stone. The man at the wheel—and also the siren—had something to do, but rest of the boys had to content themselves with just sitting there and trying to look pleasant, please. It seemed to us that they were mak- ing a rather poor job of it. Have you s -a its as | ever noticed the look in the eyes of the average rider in a rumble seat? { Half way between pride and boredom, between being glad that every one sees him and sorry that any one sees him? Well, the doughty detectives lolled in the back seat. conscious of 10,000 eves upon them. heartily wishing that they were already there. Maybe they were thinking about something else, but every spectator had had ‘ it—for the | of | as | at | way! Something awful has happened, and we are on our wa-a-a-a-i ay! N ‘The people came running up from G streot; they appeared running from around corners, hurrying, scurrying, laughing, scowling, panting. “ “What is it? What is the matter?” They turned heads to ask each other as they sped along, never stopping for {a moment, so anxious were they all to | see what was going on. |""No one knew. Some said it was a | fire, others vowed it was a suiclde, and |still others banked on its being & | murder. & | Murder was the favorite verdict, but | there was a self-assured young man at the | ease on the corner who, although he| headquarters car which did it, but to|could have known no more about it} | than any one else, knew all about it. “It's a hold-up,” he said in the most positive tones imaginable. “It's a hold-up!” a girl in & pink | dress shouted to a friend in a green one. | “It's a hold-up!” screamed the girl in green to a man in linen. “It's a hold-up!” bellowed he to a group of strangers. | They were still flocking from all | downtown to F street. Pretty soon the sidewalks were crowded, the throngs growing denser to the east, where the | police cars still screamed a fainter and fainter path amid the human ants. ;A A Crowds are jolly but hateful. We will never forget the idle curious who stood | leering in the snow along Eighteenth street for days after the Knickerbocker disaster. It was a show, not a tragedy, to those fools. And yet those “fools” were sim: ply normal men and women who had given in to mass psychology. ‘They wanted to see what was going on. Once elbow to elbow, each indi- vidual mind ceased operating as an in- dividual mind and took on certain as- pects of the herd mind, So the merry boys laughed and the merry girls jested while the dead and dying were carried away. It is so with all_crowds. Psychologists have told us that the crowd assumes a mind of its own, that ctly the same sentiments crop up in v single mind, that this mass-mind is infantile in good, mature in evil. The crowd personality will do what only a few individual units in the crowd | would think of doing. It will boo the | good, hiss down the lovely and tear and Tend good and evil alike. | __Every crowd is a potential menace. To the American public must go the | eredit of constituting orderly crowds in | most cases. At the most, only a rest- | dess desire for excitement animates it. ‘The danger is there, however, waiting |for a spark to ignite it. Men and | women who rightly may claim to be sensitive above the average feel it in all crowds, no matter how peaceful their purpose. Given their choice, they stay out of the right to imagine what they were crowds as much as possible, not because thinking, surely. That is one of the!they are victims of crowd-phobia, but prerogatives of the city dweller. Until | because they merge too easily into it some one says what he Is thinking | themselves. every one else has a right to imagine Happy are those thoughtless ones who what he pleases. can feel the hypnosis of the crowd And there they went, hell-bent for | without misgiving, for to them shall election, as the saying is, the siren|be given some of the most exciting sen- emitting without pause that inten: sations known in city living—the merg- squall which seemed to be shouting,|ing of personality into a larger, more “Get out of the way! Get out of the'evil one. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE For a new President with a temper- amental Congress on his hands, Her- ber Hoover's batting average to date | is an uncommonly high one. He has| who played a stellar role in bringing it suffered but one defeat, and that a|to an end, is now 86 years old, but he minor one—the Senate’s rejection of | has & $50,000-a-year job. Some time his plea for repeal of the national origins clause of the immigration act. As against the President’s victory on M. Jules Cambon, renowned French Ambassador to the United States dur- ing the Spanish-American War and | Standard Oil Co. At present rates of | exchange, M. Cambon’s annual salary farm relief and on the census and re- | works out at considerably more than a apportionment bill, his rebuff_on na- | million francs and must be one of the tional origins is insignificant. The out- | biggest, if not the biggest, in all France, come of the tariff contest is the mext|Jules is the surviving member of a trial of strength which Hoover faces.|pair of brothers who greatly distinguish- An exact indication of what he wants | ed themselves in French diplomacy. The is anxiously awaited by friend and foe | late Paul Cambon was Ambasador in alike on Capitol Hill. He called for | London and Jules was Ambassador in limited” revision in his special session | Berlin in 1914, when the World War message, but “limited” is a flexible broke out. term. o i Senator Francis E. Warren, Repub- President Hoover’s successes in Con- | lican, of Wyoming. is going to be re- gress during his maiden months in the | membered for something else than being | White House conspicuously include the | the father of the United States Senate circumstance that not a single one of | during his time in Congress and the his appointments has so_far failed of | father-in-law of John J. Pershing. The confirmation. They have ranged | United States Geographic Board has through every field of the executive | just approved the proposal of Gov. branch, but been found, in every case, | Emerson of Wyoming to give the name so faultless that mone of the Hoover | Mount Warren to the loftiest peak in appointees has been rejected. Calvin | the Wind River Range, 13,725 feet high. Coolidge must envy that particular | Warren is an institution in Wyoming; record which his successor is making, | He was the State’s first governor, and though, of course, there’s no telling | during his nearly 40 years in the Senate what' the future betides. The Presi- ago he became the head of the French | {China and_ha: dent’s good luck with confirmations is all the more striking in face of the open secret that the Republic lars are sorer than the prove hens over many Hoover appointments from the cabinet down. State organi- zations and leaders have “assented” to nominees for various Federal jobs, but in relatively few cases has recognition been accorded to the “boys” whom the party bosses preferred. The politicians hope to get used to the Hoover patron- age methods in time, but feel that bitter pills as a steady diet have their limit. WX, Still another of Uncle Sam's experi- enced experts has succumbed to the lure of bigger pay and wider prospects in business life. " He is Dr. Carl W. Larson, since 1924 ehief of the Bureau of Dairy ing at the Depurtment of Agriculture Dr. Larson is leaving the Government vice, to which he has been attached since 1917, to become associated with Arthur 8. Kleeman & Co. and Fred- erick H. Hatch & Co. New York in- vestment, bankers, in_enterpri prehending the dairy Towan by birth and professor of hus- bandry and agricultural economics in earlier life, Dr. Larson ranks as one of the world’s foremost authorities in the dairying field. He was teaching at Columbia University when drafted into the Government’s war service. In 1918 Larson was sent to France to improve the milk supply in allied hospitals. For several years he has been president of the National Dairy Council, the body that is supreme in the field which, in States like Wisconsin and Minnesot. has become the foremost of agriculty industries. * K K X Male members of Congress and other distinguished Washingtonians have no putation as woman haters, but it's a significant fact that the one and only golf club in region that doesn't allow woman play- ers is becoming increasingly popular. President Hoover recently told a friend that he likes fishing because it's about the only thing a man can do nowadays, in addition to praying, and not be dis- turbed. Evidently there are players in Washington who' feel that way about golf. S e Some of our foremost Far Eastern authorities think W. Cameron Forbes of Ma chusetts is the ideal man for American Ambassador to Japan, His nine or ten years at Manila—first as a member of the Philippine Commission, then as vice governor of the islands, and finally as governor general from 1909 to 1913 —are thought to equip Forbes in high degree for another career on the other side of the globe. His last service in the Philippines was as & member of President Harding's ‘Wood-Forbes commission in 1921, Mr. Forbes has frequently visited Japan and important contacts in both countrics. He is honorary presi- dent of the China Soclety of America. Among his other claims to distinction that he is a andson. on his ph Watdo -Emer- the District of Columbia | | has contributed mightily to its develop- ment. Like so many Westerners who achieved distinction in the open spaces, Senator Warren is a New Englander, having been born in Massachusetts. He hit out for Wyoming via Iowa in 1868. His climb up the political ladder began as mayor of Cheyenne. (Copyright, 1929 vt Postmaster General’s Judgment Is Praised From the Toledo Blade. Postmaster General Brown's refusal to approve a $25,000,000 bonus for | operation of an air mall line from Los | Angeles to Honolulu is another mani- festation of his excellent judgment. Compared with the possibilities of business development by air mail be- tween New York and Rio de Janeiro or Buenos Aires, the line to the Ha- waiian Islands would be unimportont. Brazil and Argentina are among the best customers the United States has for its exports, and in turn we import | large quantities of goods from those | countries. Correspondence concerning { transactions involving hundreds of mil- lions of dollars is distressingly delayed, mails between New York and Buenos Aires sometimes being more than two Weeks in transit. When that time can be cut to four or five days some bonus money will be well spent in encourage- ment of enterprising promoters. v | International Park Suggestion Is Hailed From the Buffalo Evening News. The suggestion, which appears to come from Ottawa, that Canada and | the United States establish under a per- petual treaty a huge timber, game and fisheries reserve on the Ontario-Mani- toba boundary is in every way com- mendable. “The Rainy River basin, the area to be affected, has little agricultural value, and it has not been shown that the min eral wealth of the region is important says the Montreal Star. “It has, how- ever, natural resources of timber and er power and very gre#t scenic On this ground it would lend (Al admirably to the purpose in- tended. In the ordinary course of things both countries would cut down and sell part of the timber and leave the rest to be destroyed by fire. ‘The animals. there also would be slaughtered and the fish life would be destroyed by the pollution of the water courses, So it has been with many similar regions. It is only within recent years that the govern- ments of the United States and Canada natwal haunts of beauty and wild life, ver region as ar Im+ to ¥e held in ing the Rany Ri ul | Questions State’s Right O, MONDAY, JUNE 17, 1929. e e ———— Says U. S. Flag Flown | First at Prospect Hill To the Editor of The Ssar: I note in your issue June 9 (part 7, page 5), in the article, “Liberty Gives Force to Flag Day,” by Andrew Stewart, | the assertion that “The first official | American ensign, called the Grand Union flag,” was the “result of the de- | 1 ions res—the lberations of » commitiee of thre=—the | your nddress clearly, and inclose 2 cents . i in coln or stamps for reply. Send to Lynch and & et Harrison, and it was | ;rhe Evening Star Information Bureau, the first hoisted over Washington's com- e mand, at Cambridge, Mass., January 2, | Frederic J. Haskin, h 1776." , D. C. e T request Mr. Stewart, or any Q. Is there a law in the United | e e S oy fevid States that all air passengers must be | o e e n e ke s | equipped. with parachutes?—F. W. S. : rmy, Nav It is my contention that no such evi- | cns L1l ‘eiators And pas dence can be produced, while both | be cquipped with parachites merican and British evidence con- | ¢ y o | clusively shows that the fiist dispiay | (TS 40° 1Ot apply to civil aviation and probable first use by the Conli- | Q. Was Luclen Carv, author of “The nental Army of this flag. the Conti- | Duke Steps Out,” ever a prize fighter?- nental “Great Union” and parent p J. P. G cessor of the Stars and Stripe: A. Mr. Cary is said to know nothing was January 1 (not January | of boxing, and expected he would have at Prospect Hill, then in Ch a number of comebacks on his story. s B o The story was not based on Gene Tun- | rospect Hill never was in and S ney’s life, since Mr. Cary did not know | ville, never has been a part of Cam- | Tunney, and had mo idea he was to Y evidgutaliproat s (1); e i e L e e eitne | y v s (1), ~ | WAS S lorm al e e variably misquoted letter o2 Wishington | o ‘Tumneye retirement. | to Joseph Reed of Januar: 4, 1776 (the | 3 pials original of which the Wi ier was the| Q. When did curfew and forest laws first to have photostatted); (2) a con- | originate in England?—J. M. | temporary newspaper account in the| A. The curfew and forest laws of Pennsylvania Packet of January 15| Engiand originated in the reign of Wil 1776, in which Prospect Hill is named |liam the Conqueror, i res as the place of the display, and (3) a [ must be covered or put out by a certain letter dated Boston, Januaiy 26 1776, |time each night, under heav penalties, | of Brit eut. Willlam Carter, in a|and all lighting of forest fires was a pamphlet. printed in London in 1784, in |one time punishable by death. which he says: “The King's speech was - sent by a flag of trucs to them on the | Q. Does the albatross frequent the 1st instant. In a short time after they | Atlantic Ocean?—T. N. i received it, they hoisted a union flag| A Albatrosses are seldom seen in the (above the Continental with the thirteen [North Atlantic. They frequent nearly | stripes) at Mount Pisga [British nams | all other seas, but are never seen ashore for Prospect Hill as shown by British | €xcept on the is! of the Antarctic army maps], their citadel * * * Occan, where they breed. I therefore, challenge any such as- ; : iSarelone, o ch as-| Q. What co-operatio there been O o o arivies, oo 28 W2 'between the social service organizations | display January 1, 1776, on Prospect |°f North and South America? “H. T4 | Hill. now in Somerville, Mass., and also |, A: Ng;“;h;“;}”(_;d;‘i”;‘m‘ig"“:‘:;e e e s v B e problems ] y sim- assert, in the absence of any evidence | i, PrObIemS of each country fwers Bint terming of this flag as the “Cambridge | Lhen 1t Was suggested at an interna- Fing~ s ‘an. entire misnomer, and. his. | lonal congress of women that North | Sttty tsAper S8 s, American women pass on to South| Thomas B CKisling. i his letter | American women the results of their| pringed n vour issue May 16, called at | Ereater experimentation. — That was| 8t | {hree years ago, Today the South| O 0 e F e T tannl Har 0% | American organizations receive booklets, 3 - translated in their native language, of e oA e S Y ang1ed oY | the activities of thelr Northern sisters. | official description of the Great Union | A vearly conference is arranged In one as erroneously naming Cambridge and | Of the larger cities—last year it was not Somerville ‘as the place of the first | held in Buenos Aires—where ‘}‘:e prob- Qisplay of the flag by the Army. lems are thrashed out among the mem- Somerville, Mass., therefore, demands | Ders of the various hos:es and delec a just recognition of its historic honor. | 8ates appointed to the international 3 congresses. It is predicted that in the + ALFRED MORTON CUTLER. |pear future South America wil play hostess to one of ‘the international con- | gresses. an honor she is striving for most diligently. Q. What was the bathing custom of the ancient Romans?—O. S. A. Daily they washed only their arms | ANSWERS TO BY FREDERIC to the handling of inquiries. at your disposal an extensive organiza: tion in Washington to serve you in an cengers must To Rescind Ratification To the Editor of The Stay * This is a special department, devoted the cab—and th ve | 34-inch _gauge. erganiea. | and trucks can casily be stow |in a 50-size cigaret capacity that relates to information. | electricit Write vour question, your pame and|in the tiny enginc. | southern sh and Marine | does not occur in However, | or Afghanistan. | Mongol A S P S o o QUESTION J. HASK sfi.w e rails it runs an are ‘The engine, carrviage od away te box. It works by from a small motor housed Q. In what paris of £sia and Africa are tigers found?— A. There are no The tiger inhabits Asia, where it an extensive but rather localized Westwardly its range e tends to the lower Euphrates and the s of the Caspian, but it Tersia south of the 2l 2 Mountains, nor in el an e lehwnrdS‘X‘l’) s |a‘n bg oughout Southern e.riL 81 o etward in the Amur Valley to the Sea of Okhotsk, in Sakhalir and Japan. The elevated Tibetan Playau has no tigers. Southward the speex’s range throughout China, Siam, Burma, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Japan and Bali, and ail of India, but is un- known in Ceylon. Tbis is an evidence leading naturalists to conelude that the tiger is a comparatively recent immi- grant into the south, and not naturally o tropical species. Q. Are there leaning towers other than the onc in Pisa?>—G. T. A. There is one in St. Moritz, Swit- zerland: one in Ems and one in Ulm, Germany, and two in Bologna, Italy. Q “hat, tribution. foun Is the silk hat, or high hat, a modern article of dress?>—W. V. A. This form of headgear was first worn by John Hetherington, a habes dasher of the Strand, London, in 1797. It is recorded that its appearance on the street caused such excitement that its wearer was arrested for disturbing the peace. Q. How many fraternity buildings are there at colleges?—E. P. A. There were in 1927 1961 Ameri- can college fraternity buildings. These included men’'s, women's, professional, local men's and local women's frater- nitics: in all 246 societies, with a total membership of 683844, and with 3,429 active chapters in the United States. Q. Are there bridges over the Jor- dan?—D. A. A. There are tw¢ One below Lake Merom is the one over which the road passes from Damascus to Galilee. The other bridge is below the Lake of Tiberias. Q. When were coined?—M. V. H. A. The coining of silrer half-dimes was discontinued in 1873. Q. Is Charley Chaplin an American citizen?—S. 8. G. A. Charles Chaplin is not a citizen of the United States. He is a British subject, born in London April 16, 1889. Q. How many physicians are there in New York City?—W. C. A. There are about 11,000. From 125,000 to 200,000 persons are sick in bed every day on an average. half-dimes last In an editorial of The Star of Sun- day, June 2, New Jersey is included as one of the three States which did not ratify the eighteenth amendment, while in Mark Sullivan’s article, published on June 9. but two States are said to have failed to ratify. Which of these state- ments is correct? This seems to the writer to bt a matter of considerable moment just row, particularly in view of the char- acter of the projected suit of the State of Rhode Island to annul the amend- ment within its borders. According to my information, New Jersey did ratify the amendment, and subsequently at« tempted to withdraw her ratification. Is it proper for a State to do this? If 8o, and the contentions of Rhode Island are correct, then what is to prevent Neyada, Wisconsin and New York or any Siate that changes its mind from also withdrawing its ratification and thus rendering that constitutional pro- vision inoperative within its borders? What, then, becomes of the provision of the Constitution which makes ef- fective amendment possible? And why should such action be confined to this particular amendment, or to any par- ticular part of the Constitution? It would seem that the fundamental ues of democracy in government which are involved in this question are of vastly greater import than the pro- hibition issue itself, and that if we ad- mit the “wet" contentions, then, in- deed, do we have a Constitution which is not even “beautiful in its ruins,” but is undergoing a “subsidence in its foun- dations.” The liquor traffic is bad. Even Mexico and Russia are working toward outlawry of it. But war is hell, and a general realization of the moral obligation to support such law as is an expression of the will of the majority is ‘necessary to the outlawry of war. To the extent that such a realization, such a patriotic loyalty, is lacking, a people are incapable of that intelligent cohesion which makes possible self- an:;rnment by representative democ- Putting aside the confusing sophistry of legal technicalities and getting down to plain facts that every one can un- derstand, it will be clear that democ- racy is the original pacifism, since it provides the mechanism for substituting orderly procedure for violent settlement of controversies by eliminating the pos- sibility of government which does not derive its just powers from the consent of the governed and of laws representing | the tyranny of a despot who could be overthrown only by war. cannot be tyrannical, founded on an appeal to reason rather than to authority, and every one has recourse to an appeal to the majority opinion in_elections or through repre- sentative assembly, where the 1es can vbe thoroughly discussed. It thus provides a definite distinction between rebellion and revolution, which lies in Democracy because it is something more fundamental than mere | success, because it aims at insuring that rebellion against orderly govern- ment shall alw; represent a minorit; and. therefore never be successful, while revolution against the arbitrary tyranny of a few shall always succeed, and that without any need for bloodshed. ALDEN A. POTTER. T Tiny Creature of Sea Uses Submarine Tactics BY E. E. FREE, PH. D, How a microscopic water animal scarcely larger than a pinpoint can save itself in emergencies by blowing out tanklike holes inside its tiny body, t lighten that body and make it flout pr clsely as submarines blow out their tanks and rise when some aceident has carried them too low, is explained by r searches of the late Dr. E. J. Bles of Cambridge University, England, pub- lished recently after’ the authoi’s un- timely death.” This remarkable little creature, named Arcella, has a body composed of only one living cell, con- tained inside a tiny shell shaped some- what like a Scotch tam-o’-shanter and having a hole on the flat side, like that headgear. Through this hole project tentacles of the creature’s body, by means of which it can crawl along a flat surface, like the mud at the bot- tom of a pond. Sometimes, however, the shell and its occupant get too deep in the pond water, where there is no ox gen for the animal to breathe, for, li - animals, an Arcella must have its small, but regular, ration of that life- giving gas, ordinarily absorbed from the surface water in coftact with the air. The accldent of sinking into water short of oxygen would ordinarily be fatal, but that 15 where the blow-out tanks come into play. Just the instant that oxygen begins to be scarce a chemical mechan- ism in the Arcella body begins, Dr. Rles have interested themselves in reserving'just as e subm Tf they were to co-operate in establisn- | ‘a%ks and creats reserve buoyancy The | discovered, to manufacture gas and pry duce a bubble inside the creature’s bod e commander uses comyressed pir o empty one or more Fax Buthle makes thi sma i, & ¥ 'mat K A abnr . and legs. A bath was taken every ninth day—every market day. By the time of the Empire, Romans spent hours in their baths. Q. How small a toy railroad has been made that will actually run?—D. L. R. nal says that one of the novel exhibits at the Model Engineering Exhibition, held recently in London, England, was the smallest working scale model rail- way in the world, made by J. J. Land- ridge of the Wimbledon and District Model Railway Club. It is a perfect scale model, made at the scale ratio of 2 mm. to 1 foot. It is only half an inch at the tallest part of the engine—i. e., A. The Locomotive Engineers’ Jour- | Q. When will India cease to export | opium?—c. T. A. The Indian government has de- cided that the export of opium shall be entirely abolished, and is reducing | the amount each year. It is expected | that the end of export of epium from India will come in 1935, Q. What is the average sum spent by college students yearly?—G. L. A. The Bureau of Education says that the minimum spent per year -by college students is $700. There is no way of striking an erage, since wealthy students with large allowances from home spend their money in numer- ous ways outside of campus activities. Assurance of Re Out of the assurance that reappor- tionment of representation in Congress will be made under the coming 1930 census comes much satisfaction to most of the country. Last-minute efforts to {load down the bill with amendments that would have endangered its final passage are condemned vigorously, the critics regarding the proposed provisions affecting Southern representation and foreigners in industrial sections as merely phases of opposition to the en- tire_measure. “Such a lot of precious time has been wasted,” says the Ann Arber Daily News, “time that was needed to work out the farm relief problem. Likewise public money was squandered by tie bad boys who insisted on playing horse while important affairs waited for at- tention. The public money was wasted because it is paid out to the members of Congress to transact the Nation's business according to certain rules and not _to engage in political dog fights.” “With either of these amendment: in the opinion of the St. Louis Globe- Democrat, “the bill probably could not have been passed, and ought not to be passed. Both of them were legislative tricks to defeat reapportionment. But the House reversed itself and eliminated both of these amendmen “Inability to consider a loss of repre- sentation dispassionately and disinter- apportionnient Welcomed by Most of Country mists, industrialists and intelligent law- makers urged these insertions in the census bill “The country may look forward,” re- marks the Terre Haute Star, “to a step which has been delayed ever since 1911 The population has naturally shifted | materially in that period, depriving sev- | eral States of the representation to | which they are entitled. The country once went to war over ‘taxation without representation,’ but Congress has ig- nored both its solemn duty under the Constitution and the rights of the more | populous States.” * x k X The Chattanooga Times looks forward to a mass of work which will follow the change in representation: “Enactment of reapportionment legislation will cre- ate an individual problem for the Legis- latures of each of the affected Sta | States that lose representation and | States that gain will have to be re- districted. In those commonwealths in | which political expediency dictates the practfce of gerrymandering, interest in the redistricting problem will be at its highest. v The fight between the cities and the Tural districts is emphasized by the Anniston Star with the conclusiofi as to that phase of the new census fig- ures: “The philosophical significance of the new order, which gives the eities estedly was never more forcibly illus- trated,” according to the New York Sun, | than in the course of this bill in both | houses of Congress. The proposals to exclude from the count aliens and citi- | zens prevented from exercising the fran chise represented in small part sincere | convictions, in large part the effort to escape manifest destiny by whatever means lay at hand. Anybody who be- | lieves that State lines are dim geo- graphical markers or that State pride {bas subsided before a national senti- | ment had better read the debates on the | apportionment bill. e “The majority floor leader, Mr. Til- | son of Connecticut,” as viewed by the | Brooklyn Daily Eagle, to be con- | gratulated heartily by honest Demo. | crats as well as honest Republicans on his skill in straightening out the tangle | and bringing about a vote on which the | bill, without either of these amend- | was passed by 271 to 104.” | “It was a foregone conclusion,” thinks the Louisville Courier-Journal, “that the House of Representatives would re- | consider its action in tacking to the | reapportionment bill the provisions of | the old force bill. On second thought | |that_strongly Republican body, which | | the South helped greatly to elect, must | lize that this is no time to cut down the South's representation in Congress.” | “Republican leaders, sceing that the | ud lost all sense of responsi- lded the lash. The fesult was | alutary,” records tife _Philadelphia | | Record, " while the St. Paul Ploneer | Press proclaims that “after a lapse of two decades since the last reapportion- | ment was made representative govern ment as defined by the Constitutior again will be established in this coun- try.” The Buffalo Evening News com- ments on the result: “In the end vig- orous leadership succeeded in striking out both amendments and the bill was passed with only slight changes. It is I hoped there will be no further fight {upon it. This prolonged struggle over | apportionment has revealed an actual, peril to the country r the lightne: ! with which members of both branches of Congress prefer immediate political advantage to constitutional duties.” * % X% “The bill's provisions,” states the Chi- cago Daily News, “are more compre- hensive than were the provisions for | while his college work at el followed by graduation fro a majority in the House of Repressnta- tives for the first timé in our histary, with the possible exception of the gariy days of Federalism, will not be appar- ent to the average voter. Yet it i5 the latter that should be the more ghal- lenging. as it is but another expression of the changing character of otir zation.” i 4 i Earlham’s President Has Proper Buckgm@d Frem the Indianapolis Star. el The selection of Dr. William C.Ben- nis of Washington, D. C., as pregiflent of Earlnam College should be high! gratifying to all concerned. The s d- ing of the new executive should re an efficient administration durinj i regime, while a double person: makes the appointment especialls come to Dr. Dennis. He is a @ of the Quaker college and the: ways .a sentimental bond e when an alumnus returns to mater in an executive capacity. The new president also is of his family to gain an hon on the Earlham faculty. His fi the late Dr. David W. Denni: member of the staff for 40 y well known as one of Indiana biologists. The on will certainly ap- opportunities; for serv- % fact that his fat! name ranks high in the list of those who have brought Earlham to the place it occupies in the field of higher cduca- tion. President Dennis’ formal seceptance of the post had not been received, but his conferences with college offigials left no doubt of his course, trustees asserted. He has been practicing la: lashing - ton, specializing in internafiond! yums- prudence. Dr. Dennis formagiyiswas assistant solicitor in the"State: ment and also served as legal agyiser to the Chinese governmemtii )¢ H been a member of the uw 13 tees of Bryn Mawr a numi f Part of Dr. Dennis" ;e ) ‘Lo e m vard Law School. He has beA'} ® - b] s, n 1y “1y hoth offi any previous census. Some are novel and distinctly progressive in _their character. The enumerators will be in- structed to gather data concerning irri gation, yeinage many other matters. Statisiic ‘ag cmployment and involuntary i ~ss in country now are grievou ompffte and unreliabie. ‘Consequent- d unofficial studies of ber of the law faculties at Ilinois, Stan- ford, Columbia and George Washington Universitles. He participated in & num- ber of important arbitration hearings while servig in the State Department at ths Copital, ‘He was legal adviser to the bers of the American com- | mission. dealing with the Tacna-Aricac controversy. He was stationed at Pekin, e Chinese capital, from 1917 to.; I N