Evening Star Newspaper, February 21, 1929, Page 8

HE EVENING STAR o With Sundsy Morning Edition. /|l WASHINGTON, D. C. FHURSDAY has called for immense sums of “brokers’ loans,” chiefly coming from the banks. The board issued a statement that was designed to quiet the Street, but which with apprehensions of disaster. For- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1929. however, has handled the situation with the utmost tact and through his ef- forts the forthcoming inauguration will | be long remembered. .February 21, 1920 [had the reverse effect of stirring it | ‘Washingtonians are Iqath to lose their z00d friends. It is an unfortunate part YHEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor | tunately there was no panie, no heavy of the life of this city that the exigen- —— rush to sell, although a large volume' of | cies of Government require the shifting The Evening Star Newspaper Company | “bear” business was done as the more of officers assigned to duty in the im- Bustness Office: | :ith 8t. and Pennsylvania Ave. 110 East 42nd St. cag Tower Buildine. | 0 O | Buropean Office: 14 Regent St., Lond 14 P St., London, Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star..... gy 45 DeF month & The Evening and Su hy 60c per month 85¢ per Sc pe o end of each month. by wail or telephone month Orders may e sent in Main 5600, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, ally and Sunds: 1 00: 1 mi §I\IV only . 00; 1 unday only Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled %0 the use for republization of all news dis- atches credited to It or not otbersise cred- ted in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein Iso reserved. oo s e P e Tacna, Peru, and Arica, Chile. ‘When Mr. Kellogg used his good ‘offices to bring about a resumption of relations between Chile and Peru last Juiy the event was hailed as an out- standing stroke of diplomacy and hope was felt that the Secretary of State would be able to crown an unusually successful career by seeing Chile and Peru, after nearly half a century of discord, once more established on a basis of firm friendship by a settle- ment of the issue that has kept them mpart. This hope i§ now realized. Chile and Peru have divided the disputed provinces of Tacna and Arica between them, Peru taking Tacna and Chile taking Arica. The formula for agree- ment is so simple that there is little doubt of its success. The very simplicity of the agreement ‘offers an interesting commentary on the devious ways of diplomacy, where diplomacy must deal with highly sensi- tized national emotions, and where facts are not nearly so important as theories. If two neighbors were quar- Teling over a lot that lay between them and for some reason access to the courts and settlement through the courts were denied them, any bright lad of twelve years might suggest that the best and the easiest way to settle the difficulty was by a division of the property. While Chile and Peru have had to deal timorous stockholders—mostly margin buyers—hastened to liquidate. The in- fluence of a new factor in the stock market, the investment trust, and of another new factor, the cash of corpora- tions, was felt in the steadying of the market despite a considerable flow of selling orders. Now it would seem that the down- | ward movement resulting from the Re- serve Board's statement in warning has ceased and that a slight tendency to- ward advance has developed. It is well that there should be' a pause in| proceedings, occasioned by the holi- day and the two days following. For this pause will serve to stabilize con- ditions. It is not to the public inter- est that there should be a decided downward tendency, nor that there should be sky-rocketing upward move- ments, s A Closed Incident. Sir Austen CHamberlain, the British in Washington a week ago. He an- nounced that there is no conflict what- ever between the foreign office and the British Ambassador to the United States in connection with Sir Esme Howard's statement on Anglo-American naval affairs. Although Sir Esme spoke unofficially and without direct author- ity from No. 10 Downing street, Sir Austen Chamberlain confirmed and re- affirmed the Ambassador’s statement. In effect, that statement is that Great Britain is considering a new line of approach to the United States on the question of naval armament. Britain has no intention of issuing invitations for'a new conference, the foreign sec- retary declared. But all matters Te- garding naval relations with the United States are being diligently studied by his majesty’s government. They are be- ing weighed in connection with the overseas dominions. Thus ends ome of those incidents which, ‘as suddenly as they flare up, are sometimes as capable suddenly of ag- gravating international relations. No one in Washington who has known Sir Esme Howard during his five years at this Capital feared that he would emerge from the episode with professional pres- tige tarnished. The seasoned dean of with a problem that offers some rather puzzling complications, the method of settling their differences is exactly what our bright lad of twelve would have suggested in the first place. But getting Peru and Chile in a proper frame of mind has been another matter entirely. The treaty of Ancon, which brought to an end the War of the Pacific in 1874, found Chile occupying the former Peruvian provinces of Tacna and Arica, and provided that Chile would remain in control for ten years, at the end of which time a plebiscite would be under- taken to determine their future nation- ality. Peru maintained that Chile was taking advantage of its temporary con- trol, and by processes of nationaliza- tion and intimidation was making sure that any plebiscite would be decided in favor of Chile. The two nations wuenevernbkwumonmfemu‘ of a plebiscite, and when President Harding was made arbiter—later to be succeeded by President Coolidge—this country’s efforts to settle the issue came to an impasse over the same question. Chile and Peru would not agree to the terms of the plebiscite which, it had been decided, would. have to be held. Gen. Pershing headed a commission dispatched to the disputed territory to arrange and oversee the plebiscite. He . failed) and Gen. Lassiter took over the | task. * Gen, Lassiter falled, and he in- Jection of the United States into the Tow between Chile and Peru seemed to have ended in dismal and dangerous failure until last Summer, when Sec- retary Kellogg unexpectedly brought the two countries into & resumption of relations. The exchanges between them since then have resulted in the settle- ment just announced. ‘The disputed provinces have been ‘economically of little value. But they have always provided firebrands which, «cleverly manipulated by the politicians, have inflamed the two nations and more than once threatened renewed warfare. Bolivia, which has hoped to kill two birds with one stone by inheriting the provinces from the disputants, thus giv- ing her an outlet to the sea and en- abling Peru and Chile at the same time to rid themselves of the troublesome | provinces without surrendering any na- tional pride, has been left high and | dry and as far away as ever from the sea, Bolivia will be disappointed, and | her chagrin will place the only fly in | ‘what seems o be an otherwise perfect | pintment, - The numerous reports of “cleaning up” that is to be done. zan hardly fail to give Smedley Butler the thrill that the old fire horse feels when he hcars’ the bell and whistle as the nsculx’laL engines pass. Wall Street to Rest. Bo great is the volume of business done on the New York Stock Exchange, Tunning to the four-miilion share point as a rule daily, that the human mech- anism of that organization is worn with fatigue. Consequently advantage is taken of every possible opportunity to rest. Holidays are declared that are not on the calendar., Whenever a holi- day occurs close to a week end, the . great mart is closed for more than the stipulated day of suspended business. Thus this week, with Washington’s birthday falling on a Friday, the gov- ernors have voted to close the market on the day following, putting it out of commission for three days in succession. Just at present this is desirable for pther than humane considerations. The “Street” is in need of stabilizing periods pf rest other than those of the ordinary outine. The investing public does not uffer from these occasional stoppages pf business. The speculating ‘public in eality loses nothing but a few days of pportunity to gamble with stock Quotations. Recently Wall Street has been the the diplomatic corps, with forty-four consecutive years of service to his credit, is not the type of British “career man* likely to commit a faux pas or involve his government in unauthorized compli- cations. Sir Esme voiced the personal view that ‘the time would seem to be ap- proaching when Uncle Sam and John Bull could usefully get together and discuss the subject in which they are nowadays mainly and mutually inter- ested. The Ambassador's observations included the thought that our decision to go ahead with the cruiser program clarifies the situation. Sir Austen Chamberlain states roundly that there is no “substantial difference” between what the Washington Ambassador thinks and said and what his superiors in London beligve. ‘The Howard-Chamberlain incident is closed, but the far more important “in- cident” of Anglo-American naval dif- ferences remains to be bridged. Ameri- cans will learn with satisfaction from yesterday’s proceedings in the House of Commons that British statesmanship is grappling with the problem. It is a grave problem. It affects the peace and the pockets of both peoples. ‘The Hoover administration confronts no international issue fraught with greater importance. II its tenure of office is distinguished by a reconcilia- tion of our naval views with those of Britannia, it will write an indelible page of world history and deserve well of peace-lovers everywhere. ———r—o— There is as yet no means of compelling gunmen to wear numbers on their jackets like the hunters who go after rabbits, Game laws are better enforced than laws for the protection of human life. i i — v —e—— Inauguration preparations contemplate attendance so large that quietude will be impossible. The modest attitude of the President-elect cannot prevent the traditional assertions of old friend Vox Popull. —— o A Good Friend to Depart. Universal regret, is felt at the impend- ing departure from the National Capi- tal of Lieut. Col. Ulysses S. Grant, 3d. War Department orders, made public yesterday, have assigned this competent officér to a course beginning next Sum- mer at the Army War College, thus end- ing a four-year term as director of the antl Public Parks. Coming te Wash- ington in 1925, Col. Grant succeeded come city manager of Cincinnati, whore faced many projects of importance to the Nation and the city, but with char- acteristic determination shouldered the burden. He is executive officer of the National Capital Park and Planning Commission, the Public Buildings Com- mission and the Arlington Memorial Bridge Commission. He is also a mem- ber of the Zoning Commission. These various duties have required not only the assumption?of heavy responsibility but capabilities above the ordinary in order to carry them out successfully. The director of public buildings and public parks has been further honored with his selection by Dr. Hubert Work for chairmanship of the inaugural com- mittee foi Herbert Hoover and Charles Curtis. Besides all his other tasks, Col. Grant has devoted himself assiduously to the work of making the inauguration of the incoming President an affair to stir the patriotism of every American. And in view of the restrictions placed Mr. Hoover it has been an extremely difficult matter to substitute quality for quantity in parade and other cere- monies in & manner to meet the wishes not only of the President-elect but the cene of agitation over efforts. by the viithe people of the Nation who regard an in- ‘ederal Reserve Board to cu:}:\fl the i auguration as an event comparable to g 'yolumse of speculative (. i the coronalion of a kigg. Col. Grant, portant developments of the Federal City. Col. Grant has been a good friend to Washington and has given generously of his ability to promote the interests of the city at one of the most critical periods of its progress. When he leaves his duties here next Summer he will carry with him the best wishes of the Capital community. o In considering men who vote “dry” though suspected by him of being “wet” in personal taste, Senator Reed of Missouri is willing to forget names and content himself with remembering faces. N ‘The mythical “Crimson Gulch” used to be regarded as the center of gunman activities. It has faded from the map of fancy and Chicago has taken its place in fact. o The drastic penalties demanded by the United States Senate for prohibition tigations. N Some of the New York theaters that at first hesitated about regulations for a traffic jam are now in fear of being unable to find attractiens that will pro- duce one. ——— There will be banners in abundance on March 4. The weather authorities are not expected to contribute any pic- turesque touch by way of a blizzard flag. - Many in Europe who planned to re- main at home in comfort have endured even more hardship than Comdr. Byrd and his crew in the Antarctic. r—— Trotsky has lost his influence to a degree that prevents even an inclination to advertise him as sponsor for any particular brand of cigarettes, B SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. First Principles. My Cross Word Puzzle, I return Unto your mystic show; And many things I ought to learn No more I seek to know. I turn to long ago. The world in wearisome debate Has oc. pled my mind; And even to affairs of state, Though somewhat disinclined, I turn the mental grind. My building blocks of childhood charm Are lost; my toy books, too. The crime talk fills me with alarm, And so, I turn anew, Friend Cross Word Puzz, to yow I humble intellectual pride And on old memories dwell. I cast great “problems” all aside And think I'm doing well, If T know how to spell. Congressional Bills. “Are you going to introduce another important office of Public Buildings | | When a crowded street you go driving Col. Clarence O. Sherrill, who soon aft- | erward resigned from the Army to be- | he has scored notable success. Col.| Grant, on taking up his duties here, | on the celebration by the modesty of | bill in Congress?” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. “Like a patient credit man, I keep try- ing, even though most of the appropria- tion bills I have introduced haven't yet been paid.” Jud Tunkins says he likes a long speech, because he feels that the sleep will do him good. Harmony and the Bands. The Fourth of March must be a day Of Harmony, where all is gay. Please keep the brass bands. far apart, ‘That usual discords may not start. Hope Eternal. “Prohibition penalties are heavy.” “They fill me with hope,” said Uncle Bill Bottletop. “I am already arrang- ing to cut in on a number of big jail- building contracts."” “A leader of men,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is one who sees which way the crowd is going, and steps in ahead. “Tain’ no use sympathizin’ wif a bad singer,” said Uncle Eben. “He ain’ gineter to listen to nobody but his- self.” very Radiotorial. Wh“l‘) Arlingion County first left “the We said, “Since you're ready to roam, We must bid you good-by; yet a time we may see When we'll gather to welcome you home. There is an affection that never quite sleeps, And hope keeps reviving anew. So, - Arlington County, the D. C. still keeps . A light in the window for you.” through In a rapid and reckless style, Perhaps you may gain a minute or two— And yet, is the risk worth while? Remember that patience is sublime. I'd rather prefer, by ‘chance, To be late- for the train than be just in time For a date with the ambulance. ————— Another Temperance Problem. Fiom the Helena, Mont., Record-Herald. What this particular Winter has created a demand for is a thermometer that can take a drop or let it alone. e You'll Get Yours, By and By. From the Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch. Manufacturers are now getting what they call a “striking” new automoblle Look out, pedestrians! ) They’re Gathering Moss. From the Santa Rosa Press Democrat. ‘Wouldn't it be a fine thing if states- men, too, bad to gather proxies for their wars? s o Maybe We Are, at That. From the San Bernardino Daily Sun. A psychologist says that Hickui:: was not insane because he was 1 “i5it in a single lie. If that is a 1 insanity, what a crazy lot we must be o This Won't Worry Many. Ziom the Dayton Daily News. Ohio legislator wants to let people Eny taxes on installment plan, but this hardly apt to make taxes as popular as autose THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. “Have you made your peace with God?” Thoreau was asked just before he breathed his last. “I did not know we had ever quar- reled,” he replied. We do not know whether this is a| true story, but it deserves to be, for it is a very beautiful one, and all beauti- ful things deserve to be true. Thoreau was one of the “different” ones of earth, in this respect ranking with two other non-standardized men who said fine things in regard to re- ligion. Lucretius, noble Roman, who lived 2,000 years before the sage of Walden Pond, yet who was his blood brother for all that, wrote: “True religion does not consist in bowing down before a stone, but in having a heart at peace with God.” And Walt Whitman, strange genius, of whom Lincoln is said to have de- clared, “There goes a man!” wrote, in one of his curious poem words, praise of animals, which, he declared, “do not whine about their duty to God.’ ok i ‘Thus we have the curious spectacle of three men who hever knew each other, who yet managed to express much the ught. violation may give that body some im- | Th g foreign secretary, took occasion in the | PTesSive opportunities for future inves- | House of Commons yesterday to calm a |tempest in a teapot, which originated The universality of thought is one of the tremendous, vet little regarded, features of our life hefe below. It is because men of good will every- where think much alike that we have literature. Few can compose it, but many can appreciate it. In appreciation lies the keynote of much that is good in modern life. In many lines of activity life is no different today than at any time past in the history of human endeavors. In the increased powers and oppor- tunities for appreciation, however, we have something entirely new. Let us consider this for a moment. There have always been men who were appreciators, as they may be called—men who were able to see worth and to un- derstand it, and, above all, to admit it, both to themselves and to others. Although there is no record left of | such a person on the Ark, no doubt there was at least one who took off his | hat to Noah, and who sincerely appre- ciated the old man’s ability. * K %k ‘When the only sort of writing in the world appeared on stone and brick,.in the days when the alphabets were new, men of curious intellects, such as dis- tinguished the minds of Lucretius, Thoreau, Whitman, read avidly there. In every age and generation since men advanced to recording their deeds and thoughts there have been a privi- leged few who had the power, money and ability to know and understand. Even in the most warlike civilizations, where progress was just one point be- hind the point of the sword, there were always those who built up for them- selves libraries of great thoughts, and who enjoyed their treasures as calmly then as any booklover of today. ‘Those who read their Bibles in secret and trembling were appreciators of the Holy Word: they coveted the opportu- nity of being able to read in openness and light. * K ok % Appreciation, then, must be regarded as the very foundation quality of life in the artistic world. This world is no new nor strange thing, nor confined to a select few, banded together into organizations, but is as close to any one as he chooses to make it. It is the opportunity which so-called universal education has given to thou- sands upon thousands of persons who otherwise would live plunged in igno- rance of much which has made the world better. ‘That hundreds have been able- to make no good use of this opportunity, or even have abused it, in no sense can be held as a fault of the opportunity itself. “The fool has said in his heart there is no God.” Even the grandest oppor- tunities which this life offers have been refused, in the mad pride of in- tellectuality and the floodtide of physi- cal life. It is nothing against education, there- fore, that every one who has been sub- | jected to it has not been able to make the most of it. So much was inevitable, 3 N What counts is that the horizon has been enlarged for thousands of persons who, in some degree, have felt in mind and heart the power of great things, whether of religion, art, liter- ature, education, love, kindness, right, one supporting the rest, all helping one. Thus it has come about that men of many races and creeds have, as Lucretius, Thoreau and Whitman did, thought much the same way about the same things. Tracing these similarities of thought through the literatures of the world is one of the most interesting and in- spiring tasks to which one of ordinary power of appreciation can give himself. It requires an open mind, a fairly clear head and the ability to withstand the pressure of those who would ham- mer away everything which does not please them. The curious conformity of thought thus revealed will not appeal to those of preconceived notions. The latter have thought habits which find similarity of intellectual processes dis- comforting, and willingly discard such discoveries . because they conflict with prior standards. Appreciation, let us say agein, is the keynote to a happy intellectual life. It is not every day that one thinks how much of modern living is mental. It is wholesome to take stock, now and then, of th® part which mentality plays in the everyday life and to give it, for the time at least, its due place. Then, in the hurry of the every day. the due place of such intellectuality as one has will never be wholly forgotten and the result will be that appreciation will receive its due appreciation, for there must be an appreciation of ap- preciation before it can become a fact in_the average life. ‘With appreciation playing its part the interesting phenomena of modern living may be sampled knowingly, as a scientist goes over his collections of rare natural treasures, intent on getting from them all that he can. ‘This 1s his right, this is the right of every one who lives, to get from it the most that he can, legitimately, decent- ly, since there is no other way to get the most from it, although no doubt (many think or pretend to think other- wise, In any event, appreciation is the key to it all, whether in considering the curious similarities of writers or the play of light on sunset clouds or the actions of heroes. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V., COLLINS. No matter whether Dr. Osler ever said it or not—he denied it—employers all over America have gone Dr. Osler not “one better,” but 20 years worse, and declared that when a man gets so aged and decrepit and useless as the average man of 40 years, it would be humane to just chloroform him and make room for a kid. This is the “Age of Youth,” duly capitalized grammatically and indus- trially. What is the use of living after 40 years? Nobody wants the earth in- cumbered with such venerable age, char- acterized by senility and general in- competence. Who will hire a “middle- aged” man? * ok ok K Of all the silly deductions of modern life, that 40-year limit of industrial dotage is about the most inane and absurd, according to President Green of the American Federation of Labor and J. J. Davis, the United States Sccretary of Labor. Yet it has become a live issue in labor circles and in the Department of Labor. At a con- ference in Miami, Fla., this week, Presi- dent Green denounced the folly, and declared that before the next meeting of the American Federation of Labor, to be held in Washington, opening May 28, there will have been made a complete survey of the Nation from the standpoint of that 40-year limit, to dis- cover what influences are beguiling em- ployers into its adoption. * ok ok K ‘The Investigation will not be made from the standpoint of benevolent tol- erance of “old age,” but strictly from that of sound economics. In general, it may be claimed that it is advantageous to employ young men, for they have fewer dependents to con- sider, and, therefore, will accept lower wages. But when w wages fixed by a “soulless corporation” on the basis of how they were to be spent by the wage earner, rather than how the recipient was to make good in earning the money? P * %k % ¥ Or the employer, who is required by law to maintain block insurance against accidents and employers’ liability, finds.| that the cost of the insurance is less to cover young, agile men, than it 1 when it is applied on men 39 years old—there- fore too feeble to dodge a falling brick or speeding machine. Yet what percent- age of overhead and pay roll does the to- tal insurance amount to, and what per- centage would the difference in insur- ance rate on the block figure, whether the beneficiaries or the subjects insured are in the callow age or in the period of the man of family? It seems inconsistent that the experts of the medical departments of big insur- ance companies point to the fact—and it is a fact—that married men—men of responsibility and regular occupation— live longer than do bachelors or widow- ers, Is seitled responsibility an asset, as the doctors of insurance statistics allege, or a liability and cost-producer, as some modern “expert” accountants allege? What has created the modern fad of employing only the inexperienced, and displacing “the man who knows how” by reason of years of apprentice- ship and practice? * ok k ok It is undeniable that the forty-year- | |old, if out of a job, is facing & tre- mendous handicap in seeking new em. ployment. It would be tite to dig ihrough literature in seeking examples of genius whose greatest work was ac- complished when the worker was past | the 50, 60 and in some cases 70 years of age. The reply is that most men are not genluses, and the average ‘busi- ness is run on the basis of the average man, and for profit, not sentiment, ... There is an ancient Hebrew proverb which seems to be ignored in modern, business, yet it carries a hint: “An old man in a house is a good sign in a house.” Yet to call a man of 40 “old” suggests a more modern French vpression, “C'est rire!” There is the Uerman saying, “An old ox makes a itraight furrow,” and the more sophisti- cated and less respectful, “An old goat is never the more revered for his beard,” but all must know that knowledge, gained by experience, is & most valuable asset. B e Afier all, when is man “old”? A man is as oid as he feels, a woman as old as she looks, but that meamns with- out either stimulation or lipstick and rouge. Few men who have led a temperate, normal life are broken in one score of years of labor; most men are just get- ting their pace at 40 years, but they will have stumbled often enough to have jearned to be wary of the road. It is only the man who after two decades of experience has learned nothing, or has not demonstrated increased efficien- cy over that of his apprentice years, that may ever be judged to have be- come so set in his stupidity that he may be discarded with his accumulation of inefi¢iency. Others will have so pro- gressed in the™20 years of experience that, even if they'are physically weaker than the youth, their greater knowledge of their tasks or their problems offset the physical lack. Most men at 40 are actually stronger and healthier than boys of 20. President Roosevelt is an outstanding example of how strength may accumulate in the years. On February 11, Secretary of Labor James J. Davis, who boasts justly of being a skilled iron molder, was making an address at the opéning of a new foundry at Ambridge, Pa. In that speech, he discussed the evo- lution of industry through modern ma- chinery displacing old practices. He told of new methods of production of iron and steel and copper. He said: “We must gladly acclaim every device that lifts the load from human backs and saves thelr lives from danger. But Wwe must strive our utmost to open new industries as fast as we speed up the old ones. The great inventor of the future will be one who invents not a single new machine, but a whole new industry. The scientist must strive to search out new human wants and de- sires, which it will take new industries to supply. Thus far our energies have gone into speeding up the older in- dustries. The new day we face calls for Whole new industries, with the jobs they hold out to those displaced from the old ones, . “Just to show you how real this danger is, if we do not do something to meet it, let me quote you a few figures. The railroads of this country are handling a greater volume of transportation than ever before, but they are doing it with 350,000 fewer employes than they used to need.” * ok ok ok The speaker might have elaborated that fact by contrasting the freight engine of 40 years ago which strained to pull 20 loaded freight cars. With the same crew today, but with a mod- ern gigantic engine, that train is now 120 loaded freight cars and it climbs over mountains. Six times fhe load, no increase in man power! Half a century ago it required four hours of labor to raise a bushel of wheat, 20 years ago it required only ten minutes’ labor per bushel, and to- day, with a combined harvester and thresher, perhaps it might be said that the loaf is ready to bake before the farmer has had time to climb the fence lafter sowing, he said. Secretary Davis added: “In copper i smelters_they are increasing their out- put enormously with but a third of the workers once needed. One single ma- chine now turns out all the glass car- boys the country can use, where for- merll{y 700 mén were needed to do this work. & “So it runs through every industry. Science and invention are getting out more products with fewer workers.” * ok ok k In former days, when business was done by individuals, a workman could set up a little shop for himself by the time he had reached 30 years. Today the development of chain stores and huge manufacturing corporations has knocked out or crippled small enter- prises so that the individual mechanic cannot do business on his.own account, but he must continue at wages for the great organizations. The introduction, therefore, of new kinds of work, such as automobile repair shops and tour- ists’ hotels, only rmmy solves the problem. Under the dictatorship of Fascist Italy an employer is forbidden to discharge an old employe without permission of the government. Is there not danger even in America of the de- velopment of Socialistic or Fasclst theories of “too adgch Government in Glass House Will Catch Heat But Keep Out Germs BY E. E. FREE, PH. D. A house absolutely unique in the world and destined, perhaps, to introduce sev- eral startling novelties in house build- ing, is to be constructed in Yokohama, Japan, on plans prepared by the scien- tists of that city's hospital. It will be entirely of glass. The walls will be able to absorb the sun’s heat in the daytime and to give it off again at night, thus reducing the need for artificial heat. No dust or germs will be able to enter the house, making it, if the system works as expected, probably the only absolutely germfree spot in th: whole world, for living germs have been found in the deepest mines, at the bottom of the sea and even in the air 6 or 7 miles above the ground. The walls of the house will be of hollow glass tile filled with a watery solution of chem- icals able to absorb the heat rays of sunlight while allowing the light rays to pass. Thus the interior of the house, even in the full sunshine of a Summer’s day, will be cooler than could be accomplished by any kind of shades, although the brilliant sunlight will still stream in unhindered. At night the solar heat thus absorbed by the house walls will serve as a warm blanket against outer cold. Germs and dust are to be kept out by the entire absence of windows. Fresh air will enter through a system of ducts, and will be filtered through layers of cotton wool to catch and remove every dust speck and germ. —— e Restoration Assured Of Washington Home From the New York Times. i The restoration of the house in which George Washington was born, which the generosity of Mr. Rockefeller seems to dssure, will be a mansion. The Wash- ingtons were landed gentry, and in their migration to Virginia at a time when Cromwell was making Northamptonshire warm for Stuart Royalists they probably managed to take sqme of the family fortune with them. When the first President whs born his father was al- ready a man of at least three estates. For a time in America’s most romantic period it was a delight to show the drawing of a modest cottage at Wake- {field as proof that Washington, like Lincoln, was a child of the poor. While his strain of gentility was conceded, a certain amount of hardship was inferred. But it is much more to his credit that, though he was of aristocratic birth, he sought adventure by flood, field and battle. Yet it was once considered im- perative that schoolboys should believe every President to have begun in the quasi-log-cabin stage. Jefferson was passed over lightly as a sort of literary person and therefore not ruined by inherited comforts. It now develops that the restoration of Wakefleld House will show one of those lovely old brick manor-houses, some of which in Virginia are today inhabited by rich owners from New York. Chatham, across the Rappahan- nock from Fredericksburg, is another such place as Wakefield was, and throughout the Tidewater the pleasant meads and rolling woods are agreealfe settings for these charming Colonial houses. They represent the best mood of American architecture, and—as wit- ness the great restoration movement at Williamsburg—modern good taste has seen fit to preserve them. In Virginia even the creeks and villages have the same names they had when George Washington knew them. In his child- hood Wakefleld House faced Popes Creek, and Popes Creek it is still. ~If a town was called Lone Tree in Virginia in 1700, it is not Sentinel OQak now. Regrettably, this proud and sensible in- terest in the past has not everywhere prevailed; and almost every day a news- paper somewhere records a legislative act. or town ordinance changing a good old name to a silly new one. The older the Nation grows, the more it appreciates the essential qualities of the inflexible man who was born at ‘Wakefield House. And the more - it applauds such acts as Mr. Rockefeller's to preserve all possible memorials of his extraordinarily useful life. —— e Dishonest Officers Speedily Convicted From the Columbus Ohio State Journal. Four times recently the public has spoken through courts and juries in condemnation of dishonesty on the part of elected officials. Thé cases’ were not related, were in different parts of the country. Ingenious pleas and explana- tions were offered by the accused offi- cials, but all pleas were swept aside and verdiets of guilty were given. In each case the criminal charges were unexpected, came as a public sur- rrhe. affected a man whose popular avor had been shown repeatedly. There was no delay, immediate trials were had, and, with firmness in the prose- cution, there was conviction within a few weeks after the first accusation was made public. They are important in- stances of prompt trial and vigorous prosecution, with quick conviction after ‘the testimony established the fact of guilt. They make plain the lack of willingness on the part of the public to listen to flimsy explanations. The trial of Bert B. Buckley, former treasurer of State, in Ohio, attracted na- tional attention, for tbe nature of the offense and the speedy conviction. It is an outstanding illustration of the power within the law when in com- petent hands. His popularity, attested in recent campaigns, did not avail, he had climbed h and- he fell from the heights. Thomas W. Fleming, long a councilman in Cleveland, was convicted only a few weeks after a charge of bribery was first made. He had power- ful political influence, but the prosecu- tion was strong, political prestige and clever explanations failed utterly to save him. Alderman Haffa of Chicago, long a power in politics there, fought with great determination, but was con- victed and faces a long stay in prison. Perhaps the most impressive case was against Asa Keyes, former district at- torney at Los Angeles, who was con- victed of bribe, taking to make a prose- cution easy in a crooked stock-selling scheme. California had been proud of the fighting district attorney, but it fought with grim determination to make answer for his .dishonesty. It's a bad time for crooked officials to get caught, the public hotly resents sthe betrayal of its confidences. The four convictions are a storm warning, the law triumphed. business?” Let him who hath ears to hear, hear! This way lies danger. * %k X ¥ But has not the standard of living been elevated with the labor-saving inventions? Automobiles have com- pletely changed human society; * the wage earner goes to his tasks in a royal chariot, which he can buy, second- hand, for one week's earnings. The “old man of 40” may no longer be content at old drudgery, but he may find better employment in the new lines; he finds better wages as driver of a truck, and so ‘Secretary Davis a tests that 100,000 discharged toilers have found new employment as truck drivers. Thousands df machinists are now repairing automobiles, the of others are busy in and resorts. In these new employments, the ma- ture man is far better fitted than is al:‘e! unsettled youth. Mr. Davis cites “The older worker has amassed a lifetime of skill and steadiness. At 50 his judgment and loyalty are worth far more than they were at 20, and in these days of automatic labor-saving older man is as capable these younger fellow. arbitrarily fires his men simply because they have faithfully tolled on to 50 b years is not only wanting in humanit, his business judgment is open to doubt,’ (Copyright, 1229, by Paul V. Collins.) The resources of our free Informa- tion Bureau are at your service. You are invited to call upon it as often as you_ please. It is being maintained solely to serve you. What question can we answer for you? There is no charge at all except 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address your letter to The Evening Star Information Bu- reau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. i Q. What did Al Jolson do before he appeared at the Winter Garden?— E. McL. A. Al Jolson traveled with a circus for several years and then with Lew Dockstader’s Minstrels. He was in vaudeville before being engaged for the Winter Garden, N York, in 1911. Q. At what age does the Bactrian camel begin to carry loads across the desert?—N. G. A. When a camel is three years old, it is taken into the caravan for a few trips to accustom it to desert travel. At 4 it carries a small load and at 5 can undertake a full share of work. How- ever, Joads carried by these huge ani- mals do not exceed 400 to 500 pounds at most. Q. What newspaper owned a fleet of sailing vessels to collect news?—N. L. . _A. The New York Herald and the New York Journal of Commerce were the first papers to own swift sailing yachts, which were used to obtain early vessels. Q. Does an aviator find it warmer in the air in Summer than in Win- ter?—E. H. G. A. He would find it warmer in Sum- mer up to a height of 20,000 feet. Above that point he would notice very little difference in tepperature. Q. How does cigar consumption com- pare with cigarette use?—K. J. A. There are about 15 -cigarettes smoked to every cigar. Q. When was poisonous gas first used in the World War?>—F. B. C. A. It was first used during the World War at Ypres on April 22, 1915, when the Germans used chlorine gas. Q. How long has the capital letter U been used?—E. E. o A. The letter U was originally a cur- sive or rounded form of the letter V, and not distinguished from it. By the tenth century V came to be used by preference as the capital inftial form. The two letters, however, were not given separately until about 1800. . Q. How far away is the horizon?— A M. S A. The actual distance of the horizon depends upon the height above sea level of the eyes of the observer. The horizon is always as far away as one can see. The higher one goes up from a given point the greater the distance of the horizon. The observer looking out over the land or sea from a high place can see more of the earth's round surface before the curve of the surface takes things beyond the range of vision. If one stands on a cliff 100 feet high at the seashore and looks toward a point where a ship is coming toward the shore, the ship can be seen much soon- er than if standing at sea level. In exact words, one sees actually more of the earth's surface the higher up one is because, with the increase of eleva- tion, one's position in relation to the curvature of the earth’s surface changes. - Q. Are the British Isles classed as a continent by themselves?>—C. W. S. A. The British Isles are classed as a part of Europe. Formerly they were a part of the mainland before the. sub- sidence which caused the formation of the North Sea and the English Channel. Q. Please describe the Mann act.— R. J. 8. A. The Mann act makes it a felony for a man to transport a woman or girl {or immoral purposes. This is a Fed- eral statute: - The-pemalty is $10,000 or Peace policies again come to the front . In the growing vigor of discussion in 2nd out of Congress over the resolution offered by Senator Capper providing | for an embargo in the discretion of the | President on the sale of war material % a nation which, under the terms . It is expected that the resolution will come up at the extra session. “A step in the right direction,” is News (Republican), which argues on the assumption that other nations might fol- Jow suit: “The c-fi)per resolution would implement the Kellogg pact—would give it weth. From such a commitment the signatory powers might move on to a renunciation of preparations for war. Tl}iwn‘.mlnd }I?; mkcu“men. will the im- plications of e Kellogg pact be recog- nized when the nations frame their budgets.” The Dallas Journal (inde- pendent Democratic) thinks “such an embargo would prove more effective than any other implement that might be employed to prevent war, short of a total scrapping of the world's armies and navies.” 4 Noting that the resolution “borrows a principle of the League of Nations,” and that Senator Capper is “a good Re- publican,” the St. Joseph News-Press (Independent) continues: “It is enough that men like Senator Capper are mov~ ing in the direction of practicable meas- ures to make (clear the intentions of this country in the matter of opposing all aggressive war.” The Duluth Herald (independent Republican) calls the measure a “natural and logical sequence to the Kellogg treaty” and affirms that “only the possible profit in selling to a criminal nation the implements to prac- tice its crime stands in the way of the unanimous.adoption of the Capper reso- lution,” LRI “It would make the Kell aty more than a simple dechrltmbe{ nevolent design,” says the Brooklyn Daily Eagle (independent). “It ought to be adopted by Congress, But it will not be adopted unless that public senti- ment which sincerely believes in peace can be rallied to its support. For its path in Congress is beset by infinitely more difficulties than confronted the Kellogg treaty.” The Olean Herald (in- dependent) ‘emphasizes the conten- tlon that “it makes it possible for this great Nation to throw its material as :Ivu as its m;:lnl 1nfluencehon the side peace when peace wanton!, threatened.” o o Comment by the New York World (lndg:ndenn refers to opposition from the lcago Tribune (Republican), and replies: “The Tribune, as spokesman ousands tourists’ hotels | dry. for the old ‘irreconcilables,” hastens to expound what may be called the plot theory of the Capper resolution. An views in the Senate debate, according to trge aT{'b:nfi. ro]r( “t.hey feared thx: would defeat the Kel ct. now ‘with the ink on mogx et ot ] unmask their .’ the; This nl&e view overlooks, we belleve, the entire history of Senator Capper’s idea. Far from being sprung suddenly g:n myufion;i it was contained in his iception o .mn.KAe;lmmnmmme 3 aggressor na m'mkdt:: u!f-conw\:chtfl by its Mur:w h‘; agencies of peace, and the other nations would information from incoming European | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. 10 years in Eflmn, or both. The act was passed by the House of Repre- sentatives March 26, 1910; Senale. June 10, 1910; approved June 26, 1910, when it became operative. Q. How many consecutive genera- tions of President Harrison's fam- ily contained Benjamin Harrisons’ C. M. A. . A. There were five consecutive gen- erations of Benjamin Harrisons. Q. When was the Parthenon built? A L P A. The Parthenon, or Temple Athena Parthenas, was a magnific: building erected under the administra- tion of Pericles and was finished in 438 BC. It was of the Deric ord of architecture and built of Pente! marble. It had columns on all sid 8 on the front and back and 17 on each side. It was ornately furnished with statues and elaborate ivories, and plates of gold. Q. Should a horse be watered be- fore, during or after feeding?—C. P. There is a diversity of opinicn regarding this. Water an be given at any of the three times without in- jurious effect, but it is best to estab- iish a habit after observing the indi- vidual horse. The average water con- sumption of a horse is from 10 to 12 gaMons daily. Q. Who conducted the publishing business of Frank Leslie after his death?—A. H. A. The widow of Frank Leslle, & prominent publisher, on his death, in 1880, took up the conduct of the Leslie periodicals and conducted them suc- cessfully until 1902, when she with- drew. Q. Which of the fingers is most sensitive?—H. J. A. As the result of an experiment dealing with the left hand it has been found that the index finger was most sensitive; the middle finger and thumb are next, being about the same; then the little finger, and finally the ring finger. Are there more germs in cream in milk?—P. 8. . Germs (bacteria) in milk rise with the cream, and when cream is separated from milk 60 per cent of all the germs will be found in the cream. ‘Therefére it is wise to buy cream, or scald raw cream. Q. What is the meaning of “Where McGregor sits, there is the head of the table”?—S. C. T. A. This saying is quite old and has been attributed to the head of the McGregor Clan, also to the McDon- alds. Emerson uses it in his “Ameri- can Scholar.” Theodore Parker also makes a reference to it. In Cervantes’ “Don Quixote” Sancho Panza relates the story of a gentleman who, having invited a poor farmer to dime with him, pressed him to take the head of the table. The countryman refused to take the place of honor, and his host, losing patience, exclaimed: “Sit down, clodpole, for let me sit wherever I will, that will still be the upper end and the piace of worship to thee.” Q. How many men compose the Swiss Guard of the Vatican?—E. H. C. A. It is composed of 10 officers and 110 men. Only Swiss are eligible, and privates are not allewed to marry. The Swiss Guard is the personal bodyguard of the Pope.. Q. What country is known as the “Land of the Midnight Sun"?—C. D. A. Norway, or, more specifically, Northern Norway, is the Land of the Midnight Sun. Q. Please name some of than the earliest G. \}lncennu, 1808; Madison, 1810; Evansville, 1812; the verdict also of the Buffalo Evening | |tle News New Albany, 1813, and Indianapolis, 1820. D - New Peace Policy Argument Centers on Capper Resolution determining in a particular case which side is th#® aggressor—which nation is the outlaw—presents one great difficulty in the discussion,” suggests the New Orleans Tribune (Democratic), which thinks “it looks as if this resolution would be a new center around which the peace discussion of the ensuing months will swirl and whirl” Of the purg:;ot the resolution the Spokane Spol an-Review (Republican) says: “It may be found desirable for the American people to take that lofty at- titude. But if they take it they must stand by it. If this resolution is to be passed by Congress, the adoption should be with a clear unders of drastic obligation in the event of application.” “It deserves the most careful thought from peace-minded citizens,” advises the Baltimore Sun (independent Demo- cratic), while the Manchester Union (fa- dependent Republican) points out that “it approaches the economic boycott provisions of the League of Nations covenant—a fact which will be seized upon by both proponents and opponents of the Capper proposals.” The Newark Evening News (independent) feels that the resolution “carries assurance that the League can count on us to co-oper= ate in restraining an aggressor,” and the Philadelphia Record (independent Democratic) suggests that it “is distinct- ly a question to which Congress could give a clear and decisive answer with a minimum of foggy debate.” * ok k% Criticism of the resolution on the ground that it would give too much power to the President comes from the Dayton Daily News (independent Dem- cratic) and Flint Daily Journal (inde- pendent). The latter proposes an im- partial world commission to determine an aggressor. Even in the event of an international agreement, the New Cas- (independent) asks, “Who would decide what wars were ‘in vigla- tion of the Kellogg treaty?” The San Francisco Chronicle (independent) com- ments: “We may assume that our Presidents are going to be brave men who will do their duty as they see it. But_Senator Capper’s plan would cer- tainly put a terrible burden on the -strength of the bravest.” “It pre a modification of the United ¢ traditional licies of neutrality and the freedom of the seas,” in the judgment of the ] Union (Republican). Charging pacifist aims, the Waterloo Tribune (independ- ent Progressive) assumes that “the United States would not be interested, as a nation, in the controversies which led to war in ninety-nine out of one hundred cases.”” The New York Evening article pronounces it the work of the; ‘pro-leaguers.” They did not press their | B Post, (independent) concludes that the resolution “Intended . to mean that we, too, would take our place in the ring instead of standing up for the rights of neutral commerce.” X No. Objections Heard. t scarcely | From the Worcester Daily Telegram. Dl an It the King of Italy and the King of Spain want to take a few months' vacation together, there is absolutely no reason why they should hesitate about leaving their jobs, provided, of course, that Benito Mussolini and Primo de Rivera havé no objections. 3 This Is an Open Question. Prom the St. Paul Dispateh. of an English del the United States s n il very