Evening Star Newspaper, December 10, 1928, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C MONDAY ecamber 10, 1028 THEODORE W. NOYES.. The Evening Star Newspaper Company Businass Ofce Do Bmee 1o Fast aona . e Mo Cnitarh ORce Towsr Ruitdine European Mn!z Rnf';:PN' 8t.. London. A Within the City. 43¢ per menth Rate by Carrier Tpe Bvgmine St ® Eraning an E !“fld" Sund: St ¢ Evenine and Sundar Star T enen s Suncarn) #5¢ o month The Sundsy Star 5 bar cony Collection mase at the and af vach mionth Qrders mas he sent in by mail or telepanae Aain 3000, The ar d Sunday Star a58) B0 per month Dailr onlv Sunday only All Other States and Canpda. 4 Sunday 1 vyr.$1°00 1 mo. sim :fi: ;:l' S 1 9r. $8.00; 1 mo. 80 unday only 1 ¥r. $5.60: 1 mo. i0c Member of the Ascociated Pro The Associated Prasc v incal -“r'; herain f miniieatian € PAtches harein are also recarved e sty The Drive for Unpreparedness. Events definitely foreshadowed in The Star four weeks ags have at lenzth | materialized. The concerted drive against the erulser bi'l is now on in full force. It emanates from three influen- tial and respect-commending quariers —the Pederal Council of Churches. the National Couneil for Prevention of War and a specially organized “protest comimittee” headed by men and women of national prominence. Though not nominally working to- gether, these three agencies are pursu- ing & eommon purpose. Their avowed object ie to smash the Coolidge admin- istration's naval-building program. They argue that its enactment, simul- taneous with the ratification of the Kellogg anti-war treaty, would “nul- 1fy” that pact. defeat its purpose and stultify America’s peace protestations before the world. Undoubtedly before many hours are past the Senate will be drenched on well known lines with the external manifestations of this powerfully backed 1 | Herr Strasemann's uttsrance In | Reichstag to the attenticn of | Prench Chamber of Deputies. the ‘The Perisien statesman’s plea for an en- ' to Al his political and leglslative shoex | . .Fditor tente cordials with the former enemy | merely because she happens to be his, | bevond the Rhine evoked universal ap- | widow is not sound, but sentimsntality | | platiss. | A% il the world knows. evacuation of {the Rhinsiand is elossly interwoven | {with the even more ecomplicated prob- lem of reparati-ne. Due to the con- I structive leaderchip of that brilliant voung Amesrican financier. Mr, S. Parker | Gitbert, there is hope that the new in- | ternationsl commission which is to be | st up will bafore long come to grips with reparations. I from lis de- liborations emerges & revised Dawes plan. reperetions bsfore many more months #re past should be transferred to a besis ealeulated to place tham once for all bevond the possibliity of provok- ing A Puropeen erisis. dons, Rhineland evacuation will take | care of itstlf, 1 Bolivia and Paraguay. ‘ A kez of dynamite with a long fuse th>t has bsen smoldering since about [ 1810 has exploded in South America just as a meeting of diplomats and | juriste 18 assembling with the hope of permenently extin- quishing just such dangérous sparks. Ths kog of dynamite is represented by A tiny bit of contested territory, possi- bly not exeecding 100 square miles, Iving At the fork of the Pilsomayo and Paraguay Rivers, and the fuse is rep- restnted by a difference of opinion as to whether this territory lies within the bordeérs of Pardguay or Bolivia. The explosion echoes ominously from & distance. but its true extent will not | be determined for some time. Mean- while, the question is whether the ex- plosion will end with the detonation ———— conflagration, The boundary dispute between Para- gury And Bolivia 1s one of the few re maining from the revolutions which established the independence from Spain of the infant Latin American republies. Some of the new boundaries weré hazy and ill-defined. Some of ; them were determined in phrases which | have been open to convenient inter- Wh-n that is ! in Washington | or wheiher it will spread and become & and shrewdly directed campaign for naval unpréparedness. Tte fomenters blandly take issue with President Cool- | idge’s reasons fore advocating the au- therization of the cruisers. “Tt seems to us idle to insist.” says the “protest com- mittee’s” proposed memorial {0 the Sen- ate, for instance. “that the naval pro- gram has been conceived without refer- engs t6 the program of any other na- tion, since the eruisers to be Author- ized Are cléarly in the class of vessels whieh were the bone of contention in the abortive Geneva Naval Limitation Conterence ” It js not easy to reason with ad- vocates of peace by wnpreparedness. They have contempt for facts, im- | protations. Some of them have caused disagreements and misunderstandings cventually settied oOver the eouncil | table, but others have been left open to become sore spott readily inflamed in the fever heat of Latin American | polities, | tween Paraguay and Bolivia is one of | these. The land In question has been | made the subjeet of throe separate | treatiss bstween the two countries since | 1810, but none of the treaties was ever ratified. Last week a detachment of Bolivians fought A detachment of Para- in what Paraguay regards 83 her terrjs tory. There was bloodshed, and diplo- matie relations betwesn the two coun- nm;u with the stern dmll- trics have been severed. Popular feel- ties of international relations and pro- ing in both eountries is high, and Bo- found ignorance of the conditions which | ljyian crowds are demanding war. guide the Nations responsible leadets | paraguayan #nd Bolivian commis- in formulating defense policy. When a | sjons aré now in Buenos Aires, where, man like President-elect Hoover pleads under the auspices of the government for sea power that will “keep America | of Argentina, they have been attempt- réspected,” it is the dogmatic convie- | ing A settlement of ths Boundary dise tion of pacifist-minded zealots that the | pute In addition. Paraguay and Bo- first Quaker elected to the presidency jivia are signatories to treaties of con- piots in reality a fleet that will make ciliation which provide for investiga- America aggressive. | tion of disputes before resort to war. ‘The House of Representatives quailed | gajjvia 1 a much stronger and larger under the organized pressure of the | country than tiny Paraguay, and while “folke back home" last Winter when the papular manifestations in Bolivia the anti-preparednese groups torpedoed | fayar resort to, war, it is to be doubted the administration’s original naval con- | y¢ the government will take the respon- struction bill. Prom the same hostile | gty of lighting the firebrand that quarters and for the same destructive | wouig jie in a declaration of war, It purposes n:x: ‘::l: :Xe‘:m e‘harzz is also unlikely that Paraguay ‘would again are g gl assume the role of aggressor. blowing up national defense sentiment | yone 4o therefore held that this out- in the Senate. It it to be hoped that |jreay petween Paraguay and Bolivia the upper branch of Gongress will re- ' iy serve only A8 a stimulant to the veal & stiffer backbone Against this as- | agorts of those who are working here sault than the House had last Winter, |y woghington and elsewhete to pre- when it curled up in the face of the | yent the very danger that confronts pacifist crusade. Bolivia and Paraguay today. All America wants peace. But no | thinking American believes peace can| A play is on the way which starts be had by letting our sword rust and ' serly in the afternoon and makes nacessary a downtown dinner. our powder dampen. Restau- = S GRMRC Many personages 6nce acquainted | for &4 guarantes fund. with Washington, D. C., 48 & place of residence ere inclined to réturn. Presis dent Coolidge may feel the same way about the matter. S - Women in the House. The House is to have still another woman member. Mrs, William A. Old- | field, widow of Representative Oldfield ‘When Mussolini declares hit opinions|of Arkansss, who died recently, has regarding “another war,” it is not mad: been nominated by the Democratic precise whether he is expressing a na- State ceniral committee to fll the tional fear cr a personal hope. vacancy caused by her husband's death. —— et = The second congressional district of Arkansas has been Demo- The disputed territory be- | { guayans at Port Vanguardia, which les | {rant keepert ought to be depended on ! The Peace of Europe. strongly Absentees though we Americans are in the official councils of the League >f cratic for years, and Mrs. Oldfleld as well as her late husband has been | Popular there. Her election seems a 4 vet 50 ine Nations, the United States is vet so in. forezone conclusion. extricably linked with Old World af- fairs that anything tending in the di- | wovap | UtE bOth t6 her husband and to her- d":"'{f‘l0;5"3“"{‘3“_“;;’;":’,:‘:':’-‘” (oefiself. Mr. Oldfeld was nationally g PN known. He had served for years as A trinity of events, in their way aimost | p il Lt e O e unique, has just transpired. which should be of paramount. infiuence upon ' as chairman of the Democratic national 7 scure 4 congressional committee. % the immediate future of the European L4 n mi e. He was well situation. lered At probable zenatorial Within a relatively few hours M.'p o Y|I!up|'fl The selection of Mrs Beishd, the French, forelgn minaler, | oignpid to suceeed Bim i in ' fine and his colleaguet in London snd Ber- | o the recognition which has been lin, respectively Sir Austen Chamber-| piven 'the widows of other popuiar Inn and Herr Stresemann. were dis- | mombers of the Houss whose husbands cussing the controversial question of | Rhineland evacuation. Their expres- stons, divergent in detail. were identical | in their promise of an eventual settle- | ment of that ticklish issue sooner or | Iater. The trio of foreign ministers at least united in the view that the matter timber Mrs. Julius Kahn, & member of the House from California, and Mrs, John Ruth Henna McCormick, recently electad a Representative at large from Mrs. Oldfield’s nomination Is a trib- | (liked in his own State and was con- | | have died during their terms of office. | Jacob Rogers are casss in point. Mrs. | of denuding the Rhineland of allied soidiery and handing it back to Ger- many is not insoluble. They made it unmistakably plain that diplomacy, coupled with good will all around, is capable of cutting the evacuation knot and 18 no longer capable of aggravating the general situation on the continent. Herr Stresemann notified the Reichs- tag that evacuation negotiations are proceeding. He was firm. but moderate, | is a matter for the future to determine, | in reassertion of Germany's demand |In the next Congress she will serve | that the Rhine province be restored 1o | the fatherland at the earliest possible moment, now that the Germans have resumed their old place in the family of nations. Sir Austen Chamberlain, diseussing the question before the House of Commons, spoke sympathetically of Germany’s requirements. though the British foreign secretary did not fail to “point out that. purely as a treaty right, any has no locus standi in “de- manding” the departure of allied troops Tlinols, s the widow of Senator | Medill McCormick. But before Mrs. | McCormick bocame the wife of Sena- tism of* politics of the late Senator Mark HAnna, the | Warwick of William McKinley, It has been more than hinted that Ms McCormick later is to strive for a seat |In the Senate of the Uniied States, thus succeeding her hushand. But that as a member of the Houss, The practice of putting the widows of members of the House into that body, however, is becoming a kind of unwritten law. It must be said that !the practice has been well vindicated. ‘The women who have taken their hus- I banas seate have proved them- lcelves valuable members of the House. In the| first place, they have béen entirsly thmiliar with the proh- lems with which their husbands were for McCormick ahe had had her bap. | She was the daughter | THE , EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., MONDAY, DE('EMB'ER 10.. 1928. 1 from the Rhineland. It was in the |confronted. They have been acquainted came terms that M. Briand brought | with Washington and with thealr enl-! leagues before entering the House. It the I8 quite obvious that the selection of | |the widow of & member of Congress | But when the widow 15 well qualified | to serve In the Houss as, for example, Mrs, Edith Nourse Rogsra of Massa- chusetts and Mra. Florsnee P Kehn and. in all probahility, Mys. Pearl Old- field, the cholce I8 well made [ Dropping Machine Guns. A demonstration has recantly been made at Brooks Field, San Antonio, Tex., which Introduces & new element in war- fare, & combination of two established tactors, the airplane and the machine gun. In A test six men and a gun were dropped from A bombing plane with parachutes, and within three min- nutet from the time the weapon had reached the ground it was being fired. | while no detals are at hand, it is in- | | dicated that this experiment is believed to prove the possibility of placing ma- | chine gun crews in advanced positions. | erhaps behind the lines of an enemy tor flanking and demoralizing action in | »onjunction with major maneuver The meehanical possibility of carry- |ing and accurately dropping gun crews has been heretofore suggesied, but it | has remained until now to be proved i possible. &f course, this experiment, like all others conducted in peacetime, is | under favoring conditions. Tt 15 not assured that planes could reach their objectives and that gun crews could be | dropped safely in Actual combat con- | ditions. Such conditions cannot be re- | produced or simulated in peace. That ! which has been demonstrated is that the capacity of a plane to carry a gun ]-nd its crew and the ability to release | them over an objective with a measure | of precision. 1f one crew can be thus placed, many {tan. The experiment at Brooks Field | serves, therefore, to show the possibility, {of establishing an aggressive foree on | the flank or in the rear of the enemsy. To do so would require large numb: 'of planes, both as carriers and as | guards. There would be no element of | surprise in such circumstances when an | Operation of this kind was conducted on 'a large scale. But single gun crew | placements might be effected without | warning, These crews, however, would i be “forlorn hopes,” sent to’ practically | certain death. It is evident that the | airplane will occupy a larger part in | military operations in the future than | ever before. The country that is capa- | ble of placing the largest number of |machines in the air in the shortest | order will have the great advantage in | any future conflict. - ‘When a European siatésmsn indicates an inclination for more war, he should méet the obligation of explaining whether he thinks his countty can afford it, The New York stock market has called attention to rapidly rising ticker quotations as indicating & feverish tem- erature liable to be followed by serious relapse. e A noble effort was made, but Vice President Dawes must concede that a téw years as presiding officer cannot suffice to reform the Senate's old habits ———— = Inquiry relating to the Vestris disaster indicates too much reliance on mechan- ical efficiency and not enough on plain | human sense. e T = In the political %00 there i some doubt 48 to whether the térm “progres- | sive” applies to a distinct species or a hybrid. - TING STARS. SHOO' BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Art Discrimination, She has A reputation as a singer— And so has oaymeal porridge as a food. It is the reputation that will bring ‘er Applause, although the warble may be crude. | T think about her as & biscuit splendid. 1 think about heér as A fish cake rare, Or as a canned fruit. carefully attended To grace a name that's lettered every- whers, I think about her as a nifty novel Or as the latest béverage so sweet, Or &% a picture, whére the critics grovel In “modernistic” deference complete. | T cannot hold In serious contemplation Her tones, which, maybe, seem a bit unwise, But we must all respect & reputation, Because it surely Pays to Advertise, Nothing to Say. “I hope you will speak your mind in your next address.” “That will be easy,” said Senator | Sorghum. “I was so stunned by the | tlection thet my mind remains a | blank.” | | Jud Tunkins sags & stock market i like & host race. You know how it ought to go. But it won't behave, Nothing New. ‘Thn ticker tape & knowledge brings Which ranks with anclent lore. The market up and downward swings— We knew all that before. Sad Skeptic. “Do you believe in prohibition?” “I hope for it,” answered Uncle Bill Bottletop. “But I don’t belleve in it any more than I do in Santa Claus.” Looking for Relief. relief?” “Oh, yes” answered Farmer Corn- tossel. “It looks as if you might get & fairly good price_for grain if you can of commission merchant! { “Confusion results,”~said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “when authority, privilege of evading it.” After the Ball, The statesman haunts the links with honest glee, And ap inaugural ball appears to be Of less importance, as he goes his way, Than the lost golf ball that has brought dismay, “De world is round,” said Ungle Eben, “an’ science tells ut it whirf® mighty fast. - We might as well consider our- selves lucky dat none of us slips off,” BY CHARLES F. Hearing the name of & great poet | mentionsd In & orowded room. we felt that poetry was again regaining ita place In the lives of men | Then we veallend, with some little | amnscment, that the man had lnno- cently asked for & popular brand of | cigar! | That was all | Foetry had fallen flat, tobaceo was in | the Ascendancy. Maybe the time will ome again, however, shen the divine 'ort shall regain ita preatige and enter into the daily life of the people. | It 15 & hopeful thing that even a| clgar can be named after & maker of | word melodiet. For once upon A time | poetry was something read by the aver- age man and woman, We do not choose to believe that it | was the social status of poetry which | gave It its prominence during certain | periods in the life of natlons, but rather {that it answered a certain need for ex- |9, L pression felt by human beings. | Prose is one thing. It Answers a mul- titude of purposes, and has o charm all Its own. No one would say that it is {lest than poetry. Surely the greatest | writing in the world Is in prose form, although some of it Is imbued with | poetic feeling. | Poetry Is merely part of the total art {of writing. Poetry i more elemental, | especially the rhymed form. To many it has always seemed that the moment |verse forsakes rhythm and meter it {loses its ancient right to universal con- | sideration, | *oxoxox Poetry once occupied a greater place | than as fingles for soup advertisements, Poets strode in their own right, rather than as names for smokers to call offhand. The history of the race is wrapped | up in its poets. As el>mental as “The | Tliad,” as subtle at a verse by Emerson, | the poetry of the world expresses the | tender, deeper thoughts of mankind. | This is the province of poetry. | As long as there is something to be said which is entwined with human affection, with love, with tenderness, there will be place for poems. Not that every poem must deal with gentle things, or that every prose work must consider merely hard-and-fast matters. There can be no such distinctions. One runs into the other naturally enough: there is much great prose that i& written with true poetic exaltation: there is some poetry that deals with subjects commonly treated in straight | | form. | In the main. however, postry Is poetry, and prose is prose. Therg is | no necessity for text book definition. Even the man who néver reads poetry | | knows poétry when he sees it, except in some rare cases when he may be | forgiven for not seéeing what is not | g 3 = s Poetry had Its place in the begin- | nings of every great nation. The early days of the United States brought forth a blossoming of verse, much of it finé, some of it mediocre. 1t now become the fashion in | certain circles to sneer at the “elder ! poets” of this country, but Appreciation of them still lingers In the schools and in thé hearts of hundreds of yhou- sands, perhaps millions, who do not find it necessary to say much where merit already speaks so plainly. o oxo Poetry is the expression of youth. Young nations and young people love | poetry. -Oftén the poems they like | bsi are not such wonderful affairs, Herbert Hoover's religious denomina- tion, the Quakers, has been conspicu- ously inactive in the quest for converts. Now, their spirit lgrpauntly moved by the election of a Friend to the presi- dency for the first time, the Quakers have embarked upon an intensivé prop- aganda of their faith, It takes the form of an appeal éirculated through |the malls faviting “the scientifically minded" to join the church -which claims the allegiance of the next Presis dent of the United States. The appeal béars eminent signatureés. Among them are those of Pound, dean of the Harvard Law School; Jesse H. Hoimes, professor of philosophy at Swarthmore College; Albert T. Mills, professor of history and political science At James Millikin University; J. Russell Smith, professor of economic geography at Co- lumbia University, and Thomas A. Jen- kins, professor of the history of the French language at the University of Chicago. | * KoK X Mercersburg Academy, at Mercers- | burg, Pa., where John Coolidge and the late Calvin Coolidge, jr., “prepped” for | college, is going to maintain its link | with the Whité House under the in- | coming administration, A freckle-faced. | bright-eyed youngster named Delano Large, of Palo Alto, Calif., is a ne comer at Mercersburg this Winter. He is Mrs. Hoover's nephew, the son of her | widowed sister, Mrs. Large, who kept | house for their father, the late Mr. Henry of Monterey, Calif., until his death last Summer. Just before the | beginning of the Mercersburg term in October, Mrs, Hoover accompanied Mrs, Large to the academy and placed young | Delano there. Their interest in the school was aroused mainly by Lieut.| Comdr. Joel T. Boone of the White House medical staff, who is an enthusi- astic Mercersburg aiumnus. The Hoover nephew is a modest, keen, polite little | fellow, whose comrades at Mercersburg | THIS AND THAT Shows Modern Trend Of South America To the Editor of The Star: ‘The other day a correspondent of The Star, referring to the long journey of Mr. and Mrs. Hoover to the tip of Continental America, classed several but that has nothing to do with the | important commercial posts and out- Iking. posts in one sweeping generalization, Those who remain young in heart | such as the fabled home of the big- and mind “continue to love DOetry. | footed Patagonian glants, the Falk- | With them it remains the dessert {0 !lands, Punta Arenos, Tierra del Fuego, | the feast of reading. | called by the natives “Tierra del.” and | Just as they would make a meal con- | others bordering the Strait of Magellan. sist mainly of ice cream, so they do | as unknown, reglons of desolation and not demand that poetry be read to the | decay. - exclusion of everything else. Only &| I am reminded of an incident during crank would so require. my own visit to that part of the world Substential, filling prose will fill the | several years ago. | areater part of the reading bill-of-fare. | " The day our ship was anchored in| Here there Is something for everybody. | front of Punta Arenas & group of us Here Is biography. history, fiction, phi- | were invited to go ashore and take tea losophy. Here is a great novel, here a | with an English family who lived there work of biography as interesting as fic- | plaasantly coining pounds, shilling and tlon—maybe some of it is, who knows? | pence by way of millions of sheep. I Res~rve a place, however, for poetry. | was possesced of an idea similar to that the beloved of the gods, the beloved of | of your correspondent i love, the cternal beloved of the eter- | “Nonsense!" exclaimed our charming | nally young. | hostess. “Lonely? On the contrary. If you once loved little poetry books, | why here we are in the midst of the | ut now find the taste gone from you, | shaping currents of the world and of | know. that age s creeping on Apace.|jife, Three European ships visit us| It is not too late. however. to right | every week: we are in direct touch with | wrong which time has done to you. Take up a cherished volume of verse, and force vourself to read it. Years ! av be in touch with those of North | may have passed, but if you ever cared | America.” for poetry the taste for it will return, | "' ‘am sorry my little picture of Punta and you will find vourself the happler | Arenas, which was snapped there in for adding this tidbit to the end of a | 1ggg. is not clearer, but even so it | perfect mental meal. shows you that the Southern Antipodes | R had begun to twitch and stretch with | many signs of awakening and the dream | has been fulfilied Every one knows that Punta Arenas lor Sandy Point, is the southernmost | | town in the world, and it may interest | | geographers_and others to hear of its | prospetous English shiops displaying in | their windows such signs as “Regent | connection between these two major|gireet coats and skirts,” “Latest undies divisions is so evident that one adds | . b | much to the other. The writer, for | iy IORG0R" and so on and While 1| e L e il o make | was particularly intrigued by a tll | ner " (not form), i able to write more | Ona Indian who was taking an intelli- interesting and_ more beautful tnligh) e SHiety, T hoped s HE: Would | akE Sveriting chc BELIE cqun). home to madame! I wondered who So the reader of prose works what-| o4 puy the French bric-a-brac and | . TRACEWELL. | Those who do not like poetry, who even may have prided themselves on never reading it. will find that an effort to “understand” it and to appreciate it brings rich results. Especially does the reading of poetry add to the appreclation for prose. The ANSWERS TO QUESTION BY FREDERIC ). HASKIN. This is & special department devoted | solely to the handling of queries. This paper puts at your disposal the services | of an extensive organization in Wash- ington to serve you in any capacity that relates to information. This service is | free. Failure to make use of it deprives | you of benefits to which you are en-| titled. Your obligation is only 2 cents inquiry for direct reply. Evening Star Address The Information Bureau, | ton, D. C. | Q. Please give a short biography of | Nils' Asther.—E. A. | A. Nils Asther first appeared in Euro- | pean productions in 19%8. He came to this country in 1927. He was born in Malmo, Sweden, has hazel eyes and brown hair. He Is 27 vears old. 6 feet 1 inch tall and weighs 170 pounds. He is not married. Q. How should ol be applied to & base ball bat?—E. L. A. A small amount of natural oil thoroughly rubbed in, the bat should be put away in a cool dry place. Q. Was Georges Carpentier heavyweight champlon?—J. T. A. Georges Carpentier was _never worid_heavyweight champlon. He was the French champlon and fought with Jack Dempsey for the world title. Q. Is It necessary to send & written replv to an at-home or afierncon tea invitation?>—A. L. P. A. No written declination or accept- ance is necessary on receipt of any fype of at-home or afternoon tea card. If it is impossible to put in an appearance at the hour signified in the invitation. the proper course is to send by post or messenger a visiting card in an en- | velope so that it will reach the hostess ! if possible while the reception is in | progress. ever Q. Who surrendered the sword (Il’ sist of four tubes, each 20 feet in diameter and 1,000 feet long. which will connect the outlying districts of Ver- dun, Lasalle and St. Gabriel with the heart of Montreal. The cost is esti- mated at $2,500,000. Q. Why is it that frost forms when the temperature is as high as 40 de- {in coin or stamps inclosed with your grees>—R. F. A. The Weather Bureau says that frost forms only when the temperature | Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- ' of the object on which it occurs, and the immediately adjacent air. is at or below the freezing point, 32 degrees Fahrenheit. The temperature of the grass, for instance, especially in low spots, and on still, clear nights, may be 32 degrees Fahrenheit, or lower, while that of the ‘air & little distance away. and 20 to 30 feet higher, may be 40 degrees Fahrenheit, or over. This ex- plains the anomaly of frost at 40 de- | 8rees Fahrenheit. It was 40 degrees Fahrenheit. say, where the theormom- | eter was, but not where the frost was How much of the money eol- the ‘markets of Europe, and one day” | should be applied to & base ball bat | lected by the Red Cross for Mississippi —with a tone slightly sardonic—"we | and rubbed in with & bone. After it is food relief has been expended>—R. E. R. | A The final thancial statement gives | the figures $17,498,902.16 as the, total | collections. Of this, $16,994.868.61 was | expended in Arkansas, Illinois, Ken- | tucky. Louisiana. Mississippi, Missouri | and Tennessee. In disaster relief oper- ations within or adjacent to the area of the Mississippi flood, and for the recurrence of flood conditions in the South early in 1928, $504,033.55 wae al- lotted for the relief work out of the | total collections, Q. Which city Iz older. Louisville. Ky.. or Jeffersonville, Ind.”—L. M, R. A. Louisville was lald out in 1779 and incorporated in 1828. Jeffersanville r’asl;fid out in 1802 and incorporated n . Q. Which is correct—"T object to you | going home" or. “1 object to your geing | home . L. H. A. All nount or pronount used be- ver they may be, adds much to them | B | fore a gerund must be in the posses- from himself. if he have in his head ‘he nude prints. % | cornwallis at Yorktown?—C. DeG_~d ¢ | sive case. Correct—"T object ta ‘you a store of poetry. It must nmever be | Whata varied story another 30 vears| A Gen. O'Hara bore the sword of | going home.” substititing a prope: felt that a Teader gives nothing o a | il unfold! Ona may be the fashion- | Cornwallis at the sutrender at York-|noum -1 objact to John's going home.- book. There are few works which | ble language then of the elite and|town. Gen. Cornwallis suffered & sud- | “Q" when was the “scrap of paper" ask nothing and give all. There is a | ST¢At world and one may say cynically | den e e s h, | SuATAnteeing the neutrality of Belgium utual understanding between writer i e * BAt VAL Lo el P drawn up?—J. H. L. idivsancr: 1€ mrish Is exsectad fiti | 100! AULINE G. SWALM. ' sword, which was immediately ré-| A "The poiitical status of Belghim e Tiich miay, b6 dimknaed of the — .- — turned. | xas one of perpetual neutrality. Impos. other. Those books which merely give | y ——— | d upon her without consultation or especially in & narrative way, usually New Bedford Mayo Q. How many automobiles were man- | -onsent by powerful neighbors, The his last for a day, figuratively speaking. | » As an extrcme example of a book | In Office 24 Years which asks much of te reader, take | From the Providence Journal. Rachacl Annand Taylors “Leonardo| of course, he is not literally & per- the Florentine.” Pernaps there are ' mono /0 only a dozen persons in the United | Achley has so strikingly manifested the States who will bring to this volume | qualiies of permanence in his serviee but Charles Sumner | WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. the knowledge which the author asks of them. This will not prevent others, however, from enjoying it, in propor- tion to their love of the a especial- ly painting, music and poetry. Poetry is so entwined with the hearts and lives of men that it is difficult, if not impossible, to separate them, either in books or lives. The air of eternity | which it brings to the one it presumably may bring to the other. If eternal youth is a dream eternal gavety of spirit is not. To dip know- ingly into this spirit of joy one must know poetry, because the true poet re- mains the high priest of its mysteries. He is the custodian of the inner secret of words, those winged. high- aflflfll- mightyssounding things which spread truth and light throughout the world. To him, if to any one, belongs the key. to the Jewish Welfare Board of the; Gen. Dawes will be the | Capitol Hill won- United States. principal speaker. ders whether he may not choose the octasion for some temperamental re- view of his four years in Washington, inciuding his valiant but vain venture to persuade the Senate to muzzle jtself. Panding events in that loquacious body would make such an utterance peculiar- Iy timely. Boulder Dam once again is generating far more lung power than any bydroelectric energy yet wrung from the Colorado River. * x KK Once again Charles Evans Hughes is hurled into the breach as chief pro- tagonist for the United States, which he has served so long, so effectively and in so many different capacities. Hughes will bear the brunt of representing this country at the Pan-American confer- ence on arbitration now in session At Washington. Secretary Kellogg leads our delegation, but Hughes will be its spearhead. Latin Amcrica remembers him well from the Havana conference of last Winter.. He bestrode its de- liberations like a colossus of Rhodes. Knowing no Spanish, or hardly any, he waded into the hottest of oratorical frays with the warmest-blooded of Latin spokesmen. When the battle had cleared away, it was usually Hughes' position, stated tersely, that was found to have been vindicated. He'll probably have plenty of chances at the arbitration conference to plead the cause of his admiring Uncle Samuel. * ok KK Representative Henry Allen Cooper, nestor of the House, looking 10 years ounger than usual, is receiving the congratulations of his affectionate col- leagues for the splendid race he re- cently ran for re-election in Wisconsin. His district, the Racine region, gave him 83,000 votes out of a total of 103~ translations | = | were' made and the smoke of wordy find him bearing up without concern | under the honor of having the next| President for an uncle. Delanc's nick- | 000, his Democratic opponent receiving 20,000-0dd. Cooper is now completing his seventeenth term in Congress and at the head of New Bedford's munici- pal government that he might fairly be considered as holding a life job. On Tuesday he was elected by the citizens of the Whaling City for his twenty- | fourth term as mayor, and a year from |this January he will complete his ! twenty-fifth year in that office. When | his term expires—there is now a tenure jof two years—he will have been mayor of New Bedford for 26 years. | By virtue of this unique record it | may be reasonable to regard Mr. Ash- ley as New Bedford's most distinguished | citizen. He began this mayor habit {in the early part of the gav nineties, and for the | with the exception of four years as the city’s postmaster under the second Cleveland administration. As might be suspected on this basis of fact he is at least nominally a Democrat, but | partisan lines apparently are not at- | tached to the local situation as far as he is concerned. In connection with the mayoralty there seems to be a regular Ashley party and it has been | pretty steadily dominant for nearly 30 years. It would be a phenomenon straining the sense of credulity if the Ashley sen- timent were unanimous in New Béd- ford. There has always been some op- Pposition and usually there have been several other men who thought they would like to be mayor. This time there were four of them, but it is an at- testation of the strength of the Ashley isrnument that the mayor carried the jcly by & majority of 1,250 votes over | all four opponents, and had a plurality of 3.396 over the contestant who ran second. The mayor is now 70 years of age. but it looks as if he would go on being mayor until the end of his chap- ter. As remarked before, New Bedford | has the Ashley habit. Rail Figh; on kiver Traffic Is Attacked From the Portland Oregon Journal. The railroads evidently fight barge traneportation on the Mississippi, where It is successful, as they do on the Co- lumbla, where barge transportation wm" The Mississippi Valley Association at St. Louis heard this from M. J. Sanders | of New Orleans, member of the ad- | visory board of the Inland Waterways Corporation: ‘It evidently is unjust in the public interest to delay and cripple the de- velopment of river traffic. We contend most of the time since | then it has been an unbroken habit | ‘factured last year in England, France, Germany and Italy?—P. 8. C. A. Their output was: England. 231.- 920: France, 190,000; Germany, 72,000; Italy, 54,559. Q. Who is sponsoring the Central Asiatic Expedition, of which Roy Chap- | man Andrews is a member’—R. M. B. | A. The expeditions of Roy Chapman | Andrews have been conducted under | the auspices of the Amerféan Museum of Natural History, New York City. | Q. Are there any specimens of the | earliest shorthand?—C. J. C. | A. Godfrey Dewey. in a monograph on shorthand, says: “Abbreviated writ- ing to, take down lectures and also for the preservation of poems recited at the Pythian, Nemean and Olympic games was practiced by the early Greeks and there are specimens of ancient Greek notae or shorthand in the Vati- can Library at Rome. the Bibliotheque ! Nationale, Parls, and the British Mu- | seum.” Q. Were many convicts sent from England to the Colonies?>—S. 8 A. Between 1717 and 1775 not less | than 40,000 convicts from British | prisons were sent to the Colonies. | 1 Q. Why are popples frequently asso- ciated with battlefields?—M. M. A. Superstition looks that bloom on battlefields as the blnod of the slain soldiers. The Romans re- garded the flower as the symbol of death and dedicated it to Somnus, god of sleép. A strange fact about the poppy is that when placed with other flowers it will either wilt or cause them to droop and die. Q. Is there a tunnel under the Lachine Canal above the city of Mont- real?>—Ww. A, A. The authorities of the city of Montreal have recently agreed to the construction of a tunnel. It will con- upon poppies | foric instrument which guarantéed th- | independence, integrity and perpetual | neutrality of the kingdom, dated Lon- don, 19 April. 1839, bears the seal and | signatures of the plénipotentiaries of Austria, Belgium, France, Great Britain Prussia and Russia Q. Please name six famout orator: tl;hoalfi\'!d before the time of Christ?— A. Demosthenes. Tsocrates, Lysiac. Asschines, Pericles and Cleero were fa- mous orators. Q. What cause® the flare or flame oc- casionally seen in the lights which il- luminaté Nisgara F-I'=2 What candie- power are thev?—C. G. K. A. The Niagara Falls Chamber of Commerce says that these lamps are operated with a carbon are which i< sutomatically fed throughout the period of lighting. The carbon is good for about two hours and a haif. During perfect operation there is no flare in the lamp, the carbon being perfeetly adjusted and itz eont*nt being pure. Under such conditions there is an in- tensive arc which it reflected from mir- rors and concentrated to establish the great amount of light given hy one of these projectors. However. when the carbon is being fed toward the arc a slight imperfection or a small particle of foreign matter will cause a flame. This, no doubt, is the flame which your correspondent refers to, and it i8 only occasional. Probably there are few car- | bor will not cause some flame. | but the amount of flame which you sée depends upon the quality of the carbon used. With reference to the power of these lights, each unit ranges from | 80,000,000 to better than 100.000,000 | candlepower. depending upon the ad- justment of the lights and the concen- tration of the ray. It is perfectly pos- zib'e to step one of these lights up tn 200.000.000 eandiepower. The average 2mount of illumination whieh is securad | from the entire battery Is 1.440,000,000 | eandlenower. | | | | “Usurpation,” impertinence” and “un- thical” are some of the disapprov- ing terms showered by a large section of the American press upon the action of Representative Britten of Illinols, mittee, in suggesting to the British pre- mier that committees of Congress and Parliament confer on the naval arma- ment problem. There is quite general agreement on the point that the pro- ceeding. was irregular, to say the least, that an intelligent, broad consideration of the commerce of the country and its necessities justifies the demand for co-operation instead of opposition by our great railroad corporations and | | their highly competent executives.” | If there is one thing more than an- ! other to be expected from the railroads it is an “intelligent, broad consideration of the commerce of the country.” President-elect Hoover holds that, at | the present rate of increase, within 2 years both railroads and rivers will be ta. to move the commerce. He holds that the future relationship of rail and | waler carrlers will not bé competitive in i me:tlge was sent, the New York World and many critics are as severe as the Milwaukee Journal, which thinks “Mr. | Britten should be called before the bar of the House and given a good stiff censure.” Yet. there are others who evidently feel that, regular or irregular, the Illi- nois member's move was worth while. Congidering the " spirit in which the (independent) finds that it represents the idea of the average American thar omething ought really to be done abonit | naval limitation,” while the Hartford imes (independe t Democratic) | that “Mr. Britten may have done some- Britten Is Roundly Denbufic}ad But Rallies Some Defenders chairman of the House naval com- | adds | “Have you seen evidences of farm | deal with the bootleg distillers h'ulendl instead of enforcing the law, claims the | )i name on the beautiful Blue Ridge cam- pus is “Al Smith.” * K K X ‘What does it cost to smash a naval bill in Congress? The official phcifist orzanization, the National Council for | Pravention of War, has just broadcast an appeal for funds to heip it secure | ratification of the Kellogg pact and defeat of the cruiser program. Hinting that the pact is in danger of being “neutralized” by advance enactment of the naval bill, the council proclaims: “We have already proven a force in | such an emergency. Friend and foe | alike have borne Witness to the im- portant share we had in the prevention of war with Mexico and the defeat of the ‘big Navy' (71-ship) program last | Winter, Each of these campaigns cost | us approximately $11,000.” The pacifist goneralissimo, Frederick J. Libby, ghe | Wayne B. Wheeler of the unprepared- ness movement, asks for contribution: of anything from $1 to $100 for his lat- est crusade, * K kK Big business is scouling for big men likaly to be leaving the Federal service when the new Hoover boom begins to swaep In Washington. Emissarles from metropolitan banks &nd industrial cor- porations are darting in and out of Washington almost every day nowa- i establishing contact with certain desirables on whom they have ‘their eye. One man especially close to the Coolidge throne is being angled for by New York interests. A departmental | | chiel who has been a tower of strength in the upbuilding of Ameriacn trade abroad is understood to be contem- plating a job worth five times his offi- cial income. Even a cabinet officer or} two are under consideration for execu- tive posts in commercial life. Finan- clally, almost every Governmeft em- ploye of high rank can better himself extensively in these times by entering business. Many a one confesses that the lure of Washington Is irresistible 2nd succumbs to it in the face of tempt- ing contracts. * * x Vice President Dawes may sing his oratorical swan song in Washington next Sunday evening, D2csmber 16, The accesian will h"a hanquat ten- dered by the local Jewish community in 1929 will embark upon his eighteenth. He was defeated onc or the Sixty- sixth Congress—but otherwise has served continuously since the Fifty-third. Rep- resentative Haugen, Republican, of Towa, and Representative Pou. Democrat, of North Carolina, are the only other members of the House whose long terms | of service come anywhere near the generation to Cooper’s credit. * K X % Approach of the Christmas season revives the question of granting extra holidays to Government e¢mployes. President Coolidge recently took oc- casion to condemn the practice now in | vogue in the Government departments of agitating for extra “days off” just preceding or following a national holi- day. The Vermonter is heartily in favor of considerate treatment of the Nation’s numerous workers, but feels it unnecessary to indulge them in extra vacations every time the country ob- serves an anniversary. At the White House it is thought that this matler | should be definitely regulated by Con- gress and not left “up to” the Presi- dent, who Is unfailingly subject to vressure on these recurring occasions. There is to be no extra leave this Christmas, (Copyrixht, 1928.) P ] Hope Seen for Fewer New Laws This Session From the Jersey Journal. This is a large country. We do things in a large way. The Congress had proposed 'to it at its last sessionl some six thousand bills for enactment into law. Fortunately, the Congress was unable to enact them all. The “lame duck” session has begun auspiciously, Only 500 bills were in- troduced the first two days. If the Con- gress is as ineficient as usual—and no- body objects to an ineffielent “lame duck” session—the country may escape the necessity of enfrging by very many pages the tomes of Naw which now must be printed after each session of the Congress, the destructive sense, but complimen- | thing to arouse the public so that Sec- tary and co-operative. The railroad executives do not show themselves “highly competent” when they fight water transportation. They show themselves short-sighted not only s to the needs of the country, but as to | the public’s good will toward them. If a barge line on the Mississippi | brings more prosperity to the Missis- | sippi Valley, the railroads will prosper with the rest. If a barge line on the Columbia brings more prosperity to the | Columbia Basin, the railroads will pros- per with the rest. But above and beyond all, the people of the Columbia Basin should no more be required to fight the railroads in { order to navigate and improve the Co- lumbia than to have to fight them in order to breathe the air. —_—eeee Banishing Darkness Is Help to Business From the Fort Worlh Record-Telegram. | We are well on our way to taking clvilization out of darkness. Light is in preparation of being the cheapest and most-in-demand commodity among the I mass productiveness of a world that is concentrating on manufacture. Paris is lighting up its show places, statues of heroes and boulevards. Amer- ican cities are going in for more ex- tensive lighting systems yearly. The transcontinental highways are calling for lights. We are illuminating our signboards that they may work two shifts of usefulness, A grandchild can easily be visioned as asking, “Grandpa, what does that old s ‘TI'm afraid to go home in the dark’?” Dark v;ill mean something in which to go to sleep. “Show the people the light and they will find the Truth” is becoming a busi- | ness proposition. We do not want great patches of darkness in our lives, minds or souls. We want to see the light.| We know what we see when it is illu- mined* Things take on vague, mysteri- ous shapes in the dark. We will have no more of them. We want the things of nature, the creations of invention and the mental visions to stand forth §0 we may see them and our paths to them. And we are telling that world composed of each other that we are in immediate process of having them.” | pendent Democratic) is convinced that A AR, retary Kellogg and President Coolidge and ‘the British leaders will discover that the fact that they slone have the right to conduct negotiations does not necessarily 11ean that no negotiations are to be conducted.” “The pother which s being made over the affair, as if Mr. Britten’s inter- | ference were fraught with disaster to| national policies, is wholly unneces- sary." in the opinion of the Philadel- phia Evening Bulletin (independent Re- publican). The Baltimore Sun (inde- “many things that have happened re- | cently show that the people in several | countries are getting tired of .he petty squabbling of experts, and they would welcome consideration of peace and disarmament by men better capable of understanding and expressing the com- mon mind.” The Worcester Evening (‘?r?ul(e (independent) remarks, too: “The experts have been unable to agree. Iu would be desirable to know if civilians could do a better job." P Approval of the idea of a conference Wwhich “might be held as a committee meeling of the Interpurliamentary Union. of which Mr. Britten is vice president,” is given by the Asheville Times (independent Democratic). ‘The Topeka Daily Capital (Republican) | thinks that at least “everybody must agree that % would be terrible if wm'ld! peace “should actually be established and then be found by the Jawyers to be unconstitutional,” “It_would lead to chaos,” declares the Cincinnati Times-Star (Repub- lican), “if parliamentary committees could thus formally discuss internations al relations. * * * Yet Chairman Brit- ten's proposal represents a popular | yearning. * * * The diplomats of the two countries but echo the barks of the sea- * * * Chairman Brit- ten is thinking of the landlubbers who pay the bills and who love peace more than they love armament.” A law of the United States covering certain forms of private interference with matters of diplomacy is men- tioned by a number of those who con- demn Mr. Britten. The Detroit News (independent) | offers the judgment on that point: { It probably cannot be con- | ol the Government of the United Ststes' by communicating with a foreign gov- ernment, for,a person who did that would come pretty close t6 subjecting himself to a fine of $5.000 and three years' imprisonment der section 5 of the criminal code.” That paper, | however, describes his act as “usurpa- tion of a power given by law to the President of the United States.” * ok ow % “Shirt-sleeve diplomacy and dollar diplomacy must now give way to cor- respondence _school " ob- (inde- . with the further comment: “Mr. Baldwin passed a very | warm and unexpected buck to Secre- tary Kellogg when he tried to answer Britten through the American State Department. Of course, that was the only proper diplomatic way to answer, but it made the whole unofficial thing horribly official.” “Apparently there is need every few years of instructing certain members of | Congress in the elementary distinctions between domestic and foreign affairs made by the Constitution,” suggests the New York Times (independent), while the Springfleld Republican (independ- ent) states that the message ‘“violates precedent and perhaps violates law, and the Atlanta Constitution (Demo- cratic) expresses the view that “he | acted in a most unusual and certainly in a most unethical manner,” and holds that “the institutions of our Govern- ment cease when we ignore the author- ized channels o: diplomacy.” “He might have taken a lesson from the disapproval met with by Senator Borah when he sought information as chairman of the Senate foreign affairs commitfee from Mexico,” says the Renn Evening Gazette (independent Republi- can). The Louisville Courler-Journa! (independent) is among those v'ho ob- serve “a patent invasion of the province of the executive branch of the Govern- ment” and “usurpation of the powers of the State Department.” “The House has virtually nothing to do with the international affairs except indirectly through appropriations,” re- marks the Pitlsburgh Post-Gazette i (Republican), and the Norfolk Ledger- Dispatch (independent Democratic) directs attention to the lack of author- ity on the part of the British Parlia- ment “without the consent of the pre- mier himself or through the admiralty members of the cabinet sitting on the floor of Parliament.” “Mr. Britten either made a bid for notoriety which would justify the House removing him as chairman of that com- mittee or he is singularly lacking in & comprehension of our governmental sya- tem and the reasons for It,” asserts the Kansas City Journal-Post (independent Republican), and the Dayton Daily News (independent Democratic) assails Mr. Britten’s “plan to short-circuit the regular channels of diplomacy.” The Charleston Evening Post (independent Democratic) concludes that “the inei- dent has become comical, and it is not quite certain as to who ¥ the butt of the joke.” Smaller Now, Biit Efficient. From the n Diego Union. Scientis's have discovered the skele- ton of A three-eyed plesiosaurus, 30 feet strued that Representative Britten ‘attempting to the measures of hl’h. 10 feet wide and 100.000,000 years | old. This proves that it took evflllm time to Bienway hog