Evening Star Newspaper, October 10, 1928, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edltion. WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY. . .October 10, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor ‘The Evening Star Newspaper Company 11t st had Pensavivanta Ave New York Offce: 110 East 4ind St. Chicagn : Tower Building. Buropean Offce: 14 Regent St.. Londcn, England. the City. .. .4B¢ per month ay Star . ... 60c per month Btar .85 per month The Sunday Star Sc per ecp! Collection made at the end of each month. Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone Main 5000. Rate by Carrier Within e Erenine © e hen-s Suhda e Sunda: The Evening and when S Bunda Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ily and Sunday....1 yr, $10.00; 1 mo., 88¢ ily only .. 1 yr., $6.00: 1 mo., 50¢ nday only 1 mo., 40c L 3400 ada. mo. All Other States and Can: day..1 yr., $12.00: 1 L I 1 mo. i5c yr., $5.00; 1 mo. S50c Member of the Associated Press. “Th ociated Press is ¢xclusively entitled to the use for rapubNcation of all 1ews ais- atches credited to it or not otherwise cred- Red hi d also the .ocal rews published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. - The Episcopal Convention. The forty-ninth triennial convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church was formally opened this morning when President Coolidge addressed the gathering of delegates in the close of the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul. An audience estimated at 20,000 heard the impressive words of the President and the services of which his address was a part. Congregated upon the slopes of Mount St. Alban, with Au- tumn’s tapestry about them and the unfinished towers of Washington’s su- perb though incomplete cathedral as a background, this great gathering brought vital testimony to that broad faith upon which rests the moral and spiritual welfare of this or any other Nation. . One sentence in the President’s ad- dress, which dealt with the relationship of religion to the practical and tem- poral welfare of the world today, may well be pondered upon as the conven- tion of one of the great denominations of this country sets about the work which lies before it. “If the bonds of our religious convictions become loos- ened,” he said, “the guaranties which have been erected for the protection of life and liberty and all the vast body of rights that lie between are gone.” To “the indifferent, the cynic and the pessimist” these words may secem to overemphasize the importance of the spiritual in the world as it exists today. Yet the words spoken by President Coolidge, striking though they are, are in effect what every thoughtful and practical citizen will subscribe to. Re- ligion, of whatever creed one accepts, is the edifice of humanity’s moral as- pirations. The moral aspirations of humanity are essential if the world is to continue the progress which has been made through the ages toward the goal of peace, security and happiness upon this earth. their posts, or be transferred to other places, or dropped from the service. Fallure thus to tender their resigna- tions, according to the President, would not maintain them in their places, in- asmuch as a successor appointment could still be made by the Executive, and, if confirmed by the Senate, would effect their replacement. ‘The significance of this statement by the President is that in his view, which is established upon the fundamental principles that the Ministers and Am- bassadors are the representatives abroad of the Executive, the “career” system is limited, as to permanency of tenure, to the subordinate positions, and that whenever a man accepts a place in the higher ranks from the lower he runs the risk of displacement in the event of a change of administration. Inasmuch as it is entirely within the possibilities that Mr. Coolidge's suc- cessor in the presidency may be Gov. Smith, it is clearly proper that this definition of the status of the “career men” in the higher diplomatic positions should be now given. For it is alto- gether likely that in such event the new President will wish to select his own diplomatic representatives. And the same may bz true of Mr. Hoover in case he is elected. In other words, the President is not to be compelled to ac- cept the diplomatic appointments of his predecessor, even though they may have been based upon the promotion and proficiency principle. e China’s New President. ‘With the best wishes of the nations, Chiang Kai-shek today assumes the office of President of the Chinese Nationalist government. He is being inaugurated at Shanghai on the seven- teenth anniversary of the beginning of the campalgn against the then ruler at Peking. This warfare started with an outbreak at Wuchang in 1911 and has been continued in one form or another continuously since. China has passed through a terrible experience in that span of seventeen years. Whether it has emerged from its conflict and is now established definitely as a republic remains to be seen. It is to be hoped that it has, that the warring factions are appeased if not suppressed. In the course of this warfare, which has been marked by complications and changes incomprehensible to westerners, many thousands of lives have been sacrificed, the industries of the country have been , crippled and foreign relations have been sorely strained. In view of the turmoil and the constant shifts, the combina- tions made and broken, the changes of allegiance, the formation, disintegra- tion and reformation of armies under the war lords, the intrigues and be- trayals that have marked the past few years, there is no cause for wonder that some doubt prevails on the score of the permanency of this new organization of which Chiang Kai-shek is now the THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. ¢, WEDNESDAY., OCTOBER 10, 1928. {sixth consecutive world serfes' triumph, there was real amazement, and the pendulum began to swing to the ulti- mate victor. When Tom Zachary, the Washington cast-off, turned in the third win for the Yankees, it was all over but the shouting, and speculation was only upon whether New York would make it four straight. And yesterday they did it. Real greatness is ability to rise to emergencies, and by this token the New York team is the greatest in his- tory. Its deeds will live forever in the annals of base ball, and its players richly deserve the fame and fortune that is theirs. “Dear Sir: I have often thought I, would like to write and tell you how | much 1 enjoy reading your articles. | Your recent one on our sophisticated age was very interesting reading. You endeavor to minimize the evil, apropos | the people of this country. Whether you are right there I am not so sure, as on more than one occasion I have heard the United States described as | being the ‘youngest and the most | sophisticated’ of all nations. | — et New York's Heavy Registration. Registration in New York City is progressing at a rapid pace. On Tues- | day, the first day of the series desig- | nated for this purpose, 270,254 names were enrolled for Greater New York, as against 190,350 registered on the first day in 1924. This was a record for all time for a single day’s work at the registration booths. Yesterday, it would appear, an equal if not a greater num- ber presented themselves for qualifica- tion for voting in November. If this pace continues during the four days there will be a larger number of pos- sible voters than ever before. But it must be increased in order to approxi- mate the whole number eligible for the ballot. It is estimated that in 1924 a million people in Greater New York failed to avail themselves of the regis- tration right. It is striking that leaders of both parties express gratification at the large figure scored on the first day of regis- tration. The logical assumption is that there is more ground for Democratic rejoicing than for Republican, inasmuch as a heavy registration in a normally Democratic area is usually considered a forecast of an increase in the Demo- cratic vote on election day. But in this campaign there is no way of telling what a heavy registration signifies. For the issues of this fight are complex. The reactions of the voters are more personal than political. involved are of a kind to cause a break- ing of party lines. At all events, it is the normal course for party leaders and workers to express in public their pleas- ure at a heavy turnout of registrants. If the pace now set in New York is continued throughout the country, the 35,000,000 of votes which are hoped for in the Nation-wide poll four weeks hence may be attained or exceeded. —_— e ‘Woman has an unchallenged voice in public affairs. Mrs. Mabel Willebrandt demonstrates the fact, beyond con- troversy. . B T w— Disturbances in China do not permit the assumption that benevolent mis- | sionaries in that part of the globe have done a thorough job. head. President Chiang Kai-shek is a man of unquestionable capacity and char- acter, a devoted follower of Sun Yat Sen. He has shown an exceptional steadfastness of purpose, he has dis- played administrative abilitles of high order, he has proved himself a com- “The debt,” said the President, “which country owes to the men and down through the ages who ve been teaching and are teaching today the cause of righteousness is be- man's needs today as to supply him with a religion which, satisfying his spiritual aspirations, may his daily life with the faith which was his father's. - ——————— A campaign orator may find it neces- sary to be careful to observe certain col- loquialisms in order to avold suspicion of supercilious assumptions. 1¢ motion pictures can be made to talk for themselves they will bring great re- Mlef to the hard-worked press agents. “Careers” in Diplomacy. While it has been highly desirable that this Government should develop a more stable and efficient foreign service than that which has been maintained in the past, it is by no means in keep- ing with the principles of American administration that a definitely fixed es- tablishment should be instituted, re- gardless of changes in the political con- trol of the Government. This is the sub- stance of the statement made yesterday by President Coolidge on the subject of the “career men” of the foreign service, some of whom have lately indicated their purpose to hold to their positions regardless of the outcome of the presi- dential election. The President makes 1 plain that the Ambassadors and Min- isters who have been appointed by him from the diplomatic career service will be subject to removal at the will of the Executive, and that any effort on their part to consider or to constitute them- selves a perpetuated body was not con- stitutional, legal or possible. In the past much adverse criticism of the United States has been heard abroad and at home on the score of the character of the appointments to the higher diplomatic positions. These places were for many years regarded chiefly as “spolls of office.” Many unfit men were sent to foreign countries to represent the United States, chosen merely for their services to the domi- nant party and often with consideration for their means to maintain themselves abroad on the meager salaries and al- Jowances granted by Congress. During yecent years, however, a change for the better has occurred and the average of diplomatic appointments has been rising steadily. With the adoption of the *“career” principle, under which men have been taken into the diplomatic service in lower positions for training snd development, numerous promotions to the higher places have occurred and unquestionably the Government has been more capably represented abroad In consequence. ‘The question now is whether these promotions from the ranks give perma- nent tenure. The President holds that they do not; that those who have gone up to the ministerial and ambassadorial places should consider themselves as representatives of the President and mot as fixtures. Their' resignations, petent military commander and he has manifested high abilities as a diplomat. Reports thus far received of the organ- ization of the new government under his presidency indicate that he is bent upon pursuing a policy of conciliation and consolidation, including in his ‘Though the inauguration takes place today at Shanghal, Nanking is the seat of government of the Chinese republic, it having been transferred some time ago from Peking to that city, which is in fact an ancient capital of China, Shanghai is appropriately the scene of Chiang Kai-shek's induction into office, for it was the headquarters of Sun Yat Sen and was the starting point of the Nationalist movement which spreading and advancing northward eventually effected the defeat of the opposing war lords and resulted in what it is hoped will prove to be a united China with its government based upon sound principles and administered by sincere patriots. ————— Lindbergh will vote for Hoover. The reception accorded him in New York by Gov. Smith and Mayor Walker evidently failed to make any impression of perma- nent seriousness. ———— Herbert Hoover met with an ovation in Tennessee, in his effort to demon- strate that a solid South is not prepared to assert itself as a liquid South. ————— Arrangements of speaking tours avoid any likelihood of settling on a date that. will imply the embarrassing possibility of a Hoover-Smith joint debate. r——— The Greatest Team. The Yanks have done it again! And in doing it the greatest team of modern base ball reached its peak of accom- plishment. Four games in a row from the National League pennant winners in 1927 and four games in a row from the winners in 1928! Only once before in the long history of America’s na- tional game has this feat been per- formed for a single year, and it was 50 far back that few base ball fans remember it, yet the Yankees accom- plished it for two successive years. In 1014 the Boston Braves, after a phe- nomenal spurt to win the pennant, rode roughshod over their opponents for four straight, but it remained for the New Yorkers yesterday to write a new chapter in the book of records. “As Ruth goes, so go the Yankees,” hz3 come to be almost an axiom of the game, and it was never better demon- strated than yesterday, when this great- est long-distance batter of all time, forgetting injuries, age and weight, staged another incredible exhibition. ‘Three home runs rang from his big bat, the second time that this prodigious feat has ever been accomplished in a single game in a world series game, or, it might better be said, the second time that Ruth has accomplished it. Béaten by their opponents of yester- day two years ago for the championship, the Yankees entered the 1928 series with the odds against them. A hard fight in the American League found the New York team barely staggering over the line, and injuries sustained by star players further decreased their chances. When they took the first game from the Cardinals there was no Sherefore, should be tendered to the pewly chosen Executive so that he may glect whether they are to remain at great surprise, because their star pitcher was in the box, but when they emerged victors in the second, their ———— Debts to the U. S. A. invite the gen- erous attitude of one who. says “Keep the change.” The year of 1928 will be memorable for the most magnificent campaign funds on record. —_——a——— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOENSON. Echo of May Day. Autumn colors shining; Year goes on its way. ‘What's the use o’ pining For the month of May. As the frost draws nearer With relentless show, Memories grow dearer Of the long ago. Autumn colors gleaming Soon to fade away— ‘They reflect the dreaming ©Of the vanished May. Studying the Responses. “Your recent speech was a master- plece,” said the admiring friend. ‘In a way,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “It undoubtedly pleased the audi- ence. But I'm afraid it rather offended one or two political bosses.” Jud Tunkins says politics is a fairy tale that keeps on promising that “everybody will live happy.” Efficiency. Efficiency I must admire. It satisfies a deep desire To let: some others do the work ‘While I around the golf course lurk. A Spirit of Dependence. “Are you in favor of prohibition?” “Every time,” answered Uncle Bill Bottletop. “Do you never take a drink?” “Yes. But always with remorse. I'm waiting to see if prohibition can't find a way to stop me.” “A dog is a faithful friend,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. The selfisi®| one who has no dog may at last find himself friendless.” Finance and Drama. 'To see a little play I went. ‘The evening I thought well spent. Regardless of artistic ends It will pay liberal dividends. “Election time is mighty cheerful,” said Uncle Eben. “It makes you feel like dar was gineter be two Santy Clauses in de same year.” ] And Get Publicity? From the Dayton Dafly News. Noted actor says stage people should marry. Otherwise how could they ap- ply for divorce? - Must Be Satisfied. From the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Spring mattresses are to be installed in the lower berths of Pullman. cars. Occupants of the uppers must be satis- fied with the bound with which they land on the heights. —r—— Especially With Tanks Involved. From the Worcester Evening Gazette. Putting prohibtion agents on a_civil service basis may not be enough. A war service basis would seem more appro- priate. ——o—s More Work! From the New Castle News. Each year piles more work on the traffic officers. There are more motor~ ists to be bawled out. The questions | ETOUP “You can quote the orges of the | in defense of the present, if you | But in the former case—in your | rule? Do I get you right? In other | words, you believe that the manners and morals of the Victorian age, in a gen- | eral sense, were superior to those of the | present. | “I think so, too. Why not write an | articie on the value of sentiment— | proper sentiment—which is the founda- | tion of all morality? Can sentiment ex- | ist in a hard-boiled community? If the women grow selfish, and material- istic, what is going to hold the Nation together? Very truly yours, AP £k There was a humorous drawing in the Saturday Evening Post recently show- ing a “jazz baby” and an old-fashioned girl, and the latter was saying to the former, “There are still thousands of us left.” To which the flapper replied, “Yes, but we get all of the publicity.” | The same thing holds true of the | country at large. The hard-hoiled por- tion of any community invariably makes the most noise, and leads one to be-| lleve that the entire community is bent on similar modes of self-expression. Those who are selfish and ultra-ma- | terialistic put up such a racket about it that the unwary observer might think no other sort of person existed in the broad confines of this land. There is actually in existence a cult of critics, notably in New York, who have put up such a powwow of pub- licity in favor of stark realism in writ- ing that they have made thousands of | writers afraid of morality. These sophisticates and would-be sophisticates have pretty near got the whole country to thinking that no novel should contain a plainly spoken “~oral. Morality, as such, is something to flee from, something to be ashamed of, if we are to heed this | | | | self-appointed | up. ‘Where there is so much smoke, how- ever, there must be some fire. He who forever is lambasting some one for being moral shows a very sensitive disposition about something or other. Can it be that these hard-boiled per- sons, in the back of their own minds and hearts, realize full well that the aversave human being is hopelessly | moral in mental and spiritual struc. ture? Can it be possible that they are ashamed of themselves, through some queer kink of mentality, based on en- vironment, and therefore are led on to put up a tremendous holler? The very thing they are velling so insistently against is the very thing that their real dispositions would push | them into, not for their salvation in | another world, but simply for the sake | of their salvation in this, They hold back from it, forsooth, because they are afraid to be natural, just as many a bachelor who disclaims the loudest against women secretly is a timid fellow who longs to be married happily. * oK % X ‘We must, therefore, answer our cor- respondent in this wise: Yes, sentiment can and does exist, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. even in a hard-boiled community. And all the women are not growing selfish and materialistic. If all the women of the Nation were to grow selfish and materialistic there might be nothing to hold the country together, but the truth is, we belleve, that no such possibility is to be feared. It only seems probable because the slant of the times, as it were, is toward sophistication, with all its glare, its searchlights, its crude publicity stunts. In the background remain millions of persons who do not believe in nor indulge in the flip doings and “carry- | mind—these were the exception to the |ing on” of those who feel in their ignorance that their ways of living and thinking are somehow possessed of fiendish cleverness. These two classes of persons are hopelessly at loggerheads and will re- main so because they have nothing in common. The moralists, as we might call them, believe the members of the other faction are utterly mistaken in their appraisal of life. The sophisticates, as we may term what seems to us fto be the noisy minority, feel a sneering pity for those of us who not only will not join them in their revels, but say that we can see nothing at all clever in their ac- tions. * X * X As a matter of cold fact, sophisti- cation is not at all ultra-modern, as its devotees think, but is as old as | the hill There is nothing at all clever about getting drunk. _Any one can do it, even under prohibition! Yet it is }Rmuslng to watch a group of oh, so clever! young people fondly preen them- selves on doing something ultra-mod- ern, when all the time they are in- dulging in practices which were really new and clever only in the pristine days of the human race, when men were really men and women were rough babies, indeed. ‘What this country needs, if anybody asks us (and our correspondent has), is a little more determination on the part of the moralists to make them- selves heard. Life is real and life is earnest, Longfellow said. There is a eed for people everywhere to enlist | under the banner of decency, and not only to enlist under it, but to speak out for its precepts, and to fight for them, if necessary. One never finds a group of sophisti- cates at all chary about speaking up for themselves. Every “party” has an aftermath that is more fun than the party was itself. They will tell the same details over and over to every one who will listen, until the careful observer is forced to believe that the talkfest after the affair is of more importance to the participants than the “party” itself, ‘Those who believe in the “refined feelings” of life owe it to themselves, and to those things for which they stand, to speak up, to put themselves on_record. Why should a man who belleves in mm‘nlll}'. as taught and preached by some of the greatest men and women who ever lived, be ashamed to speak out, when the fellow who has nothing better than a “party” to praise hesi- tates not a second in letting every one within hearing know that he made a consummate ass out of himself the evening before? Yet so loud and boastful is this idle talker that he has almost silenced every tongue against him, and has made it appear to many that the country is going to the dogs, that sentiment no longer exists, that all the women have grown selfish and materialistic. Emphatic Approval Is Given Rejection of Emphatic indorsement of the State Department’s action in disapproving the naval agreement submitted by Great Britaln and France is given by the American press, with many expressions of hope that the incident may lead to a better understanding abroad of this country’s attitude. “The Washington note is definite and strong. It cannot be mistaken. But it is not necessarily offensive,” in the opinion of the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. * * * “While it still insists upon its rejection of the British light- cruiser plan which was the stumbiing block at Geneva, it evinces a desire and a spirit for co-operation if there shall be fair play for all sides. The Washing- ton note may serve to clear a situation which has been muddled by blundering diplomacy overseas.” The Bulletin adds that the note “makes considerable con- cession to the French conception of global tonnage in naval limitation as an opening for further negotiations with that government.” “Great Britain and France to try again, but in the opes the Chicago Daily News, holding that “it is not necessary to assume that they intended to ensnare the United States,” and remarking further: “They may have attempted sincerely to remove obstacles to further reduction of armaments. But they have blundered, and so have failed rather dishearteningly, from the liberal point of view.” * koK K “Two principal objects are accom- plished by the note,” according to the New York Sun. “This Government declines to take a position which might invalidate its consistent and logical policy with regard to its weapons of defense upon the sea; it also avolds that kind of discussion of a tentative agree- ment between two foreign nations which might reasonably be interpreted as med- dling with the affairs of others.” ‘The San Antonio Express emphasizes the point that “the United States seeks no special privileges on the high seas, but it will not submit to such unjustifi- able handicaps as acceptance of the Anglo-French accord would impose.” As to the proposition from across the water, the Oakland Tribune says: “The fleets envisioned are admirably planned to serve the purposes of a nation with naval bases in all parts of the world, and not at all suited to a nation with few distant bascs and a smaller and purely defensive naval force. For the United States to sign such a document would be worse than foolish, for it would mean either sharp reductions of naval strength or a complete new pro- [l;ral‘;; to include many bases in distant ands.” The refusal to “admit that the sub- Ject is closed or that the issue has been killed” {s regarded by the Detroit News as good statesmanship. “Evidence that | the Anglo-French plan was submitted | to Washington to be rejected, and thus to kill further discussion on naval limi- tation,” adds the Detroit paper, “is seen in the fact that, in his reply, Secretary Kellogz or President Coolidge coppered this scheme by handing out a direct in- ducement to France to stand with us in opposition to the British plan.” * X X X Fearing that an excess of caution on the part of the two foreign nations may “shatter the lovely peace dream in which we have been indulging,” the Al- toona Mirror asks, “if France and Great Britain are in earnest in their professed abhorrence of bloodshed, why should | they be so cautious in their dealings | with our country?” “To the world, the Anglo-French un- derstanding, as a preliminary to re- sumption of disarmament conferences, has the look of the old three-cornered coin-matching game,” avers the Louis- ville Courier-Journal, while the Rock Island Argus suggests: “The history of conferences devoted to the limitation of navies is not of a reassuring character. Our Government should proceed with v With Christmas Ahead, Too. From the Hamilton, Ont., Spectator. Coal dealers are reported to be unani- mous in the opinion that this is one of the most glorious Autumns on record. the task of building vessels of war in accordance with our needs as a Nation. That is what France and England are doing, and is what they always intended $o a0 An entirely different point of view is Naval Accord the suggestion: “We believe that the United States ought to settle in its own mind the precise role which it wishes the British empire to play in our future scheme of things. The British empire is unquestionably a convenience to the United States. It is a not unfriendly buffersstate between us and the rest of the world. In the minds of many thoughtful Americans, there is a grave question whether this country could af- ford to let Britain, assuming that it were threatened, be destroyed.” * kK % Anxicty lest the present tendencies abroad endanger the 5—5—3 ratio established at the Washington confer- ence is expressed by the Worcester Tele- gram and the Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch condemns “the stupid assumption that the United States would recede from all its terms with regard to naval limitation, for which it stood so firmly at the Geneva conference.” ‘The New Orleans Tribune thinks that “no nation, in the . present posture of events, should undertake to improve its naval pesition beyond the status quo. For that,” continues the Tribune, “merely leads to competitive navy build- ing. On the other hand, it should be everybody's study to reduce the present naval establishments. While we know this is infinitely easier to say than to do, still there ought to be talent enough in the navies and statesmanship enough in the major governments of the world to bring about such a reduction without very seriously changing the status quo.” The American note, to the Reno Eve- ning Gazette, “seems to be an effective document,” while the Salt Lake Deseret News says the United States “adopts a wise policy in demanding that such questions as the limitation of armaments be openly discussed and agreements be made public.” “We must seek, as all nations must seek,” contends the Houston Chronicle, “agreements on naval limitation. The present proposed agreement is indeed a monstrosity of unfairness, but its pres- entation emphasizes the great need of some such agreement.” UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten Years Ago Today. Rapid progress continued at all points along the Anglo-American battle front today from Cambrai southward to St. Quentin. The capture of Le Cateau marks an advance about 10 miles east and 15 miles southeast of Cambrai, in spite of valn attempts at resistance by German rearguards. Farther north several villages southeast of Lens are occupied. * * * There are signs that the Germans are preparing for a gen- eral retreat, and airplanes report in- creased confusion on the road east and northeast of Le Cateau. The British guns have been moved up and are pounding the fleeing Germans heavily, with low-flying planes doing tremendous damage to them. * * * American air- men find dozens of towns in front of the American line of attack apparently evacuated by the Germans. Over 350 American planes participate in a great bombing raid, by far the greatest single attempt ever attempted. * * * Ameri- can steamship Ticonderoga, forced be- hind her convoy by engine trouble, is torjedoed en route to France and only 17 out of 250 are saved. Japanese liner is torpedoed and sunk off Irish Coast with 300 casualties, and 400 are lost by the sinking of an Irish mail boat. *"# * Military experts see nine German armies in grave danger and a sudden debacle of the whole German defenses is considered a possibility as the enemy is menaced at all points. * * * Seven hundred and sixty-eight casualties on lists published today, with 145 killed |effective, as it has in the past, in keeD-lh‘llo the South not only is going to 387 taken by the Minneapolis Tribune, with in action, 70 dead of wounds, wounded severely and 84 missing, Politics at Large By G. Gould Lincoln. | LOUISVILLE, Ky. October 9.—The | border States, Kentucky, Tennessee, | West Virginia and Maryland, with a . total of 41 electoral votes, may yet | play a part of great importance in the presidential election this year. Sup- | pose for a moment that Gov. Smith holds the ‘“solid South,” including North Carolina; picks up severa Western States, including Missouri, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, | and runs well in the Northeast. Sup- pose Mr. Hoover takes Pennsylvania, Illinols, Ohlo, Michigan, Indiana, Kan- | sas, and other great States of the West, and Pacific Coast. Under such con- ditions, what becomes of the four others is a matter of grave importance. | | | | Hoover has the better of it in three of these States, Maryland, West Vir- ginia and Kentucky, and that the result 1in Tennessee, while much in doubt, is likely to favor Smith. It is little wonder that, therefore, in this last month of the campaign both candidates and their party mana- gers are giving attention to these bor- der States—border merely because they have stood between the Republican North and the Democratic South. Gov. Smith this week will visit the principal citles of Virginia, North Caro- lina, Tennessee and Kentucky. If his present plans are adhered to, he willj speak only in Louisville, Saturday night. Whether this is good policy is a question. These people of the South | and border States are intensely inter- ested in the Democratic candidate. The Democratic leaders feel that he could do much to help them if he would agll'ee to address crowds in all these cities. | I L The same strain of opposition to Gov. Smith runs through all this terri- tory and extends down into Alabama and Florida. It is partly because he represents the new immigration to this country and these people are from the older stock. It is due also to the fact that the South is politically in- tensely dry and Protestant. The re- ligious issue is cutting both ways in the South and the borderland. however, for not a few Democrats are voting for Smith to prove they are not “in-| tolerant.” So far as the liquor ques- | tion is concerned, Smith has all the| worst of it in these States, excepting| perhaps in Maryland, where much wet sentiment exists. * ok KR 1n 1924 the Democrats sought to pre- | vent the election of President Coolidge through an alliance, tacit, if no more, with the La Follette Progressives. They did not hope to elect their own ticket, Davis and Bryan, but to throw the pres- idential election into the House of Rep- resentatives, as provided by the Con- stitution, if no candidate should receive a majority of the electoral votes. They believed that if the election went into the House the Democrats would have a chance to put their man in office. So the Democrats “held off” in some of the States, in the hope that La Follette would carry them against Coolidge, and the La Folletteites were expected to “hold off” in certain other States and throw thelr strength to the Davis ticket. These tactics, however, did not work. The La Follette Progressives, some of the Democratic leaders have insisted, did not “play ball” In other words, they polled as many votes as they could in all the States they could. Perhaps the Progressives figured that they would just as soon have the Republican ticket elected as the Democratic. It was cer- tainly true that the late Senator La %uem would never have run for President as an independent Progres- sive in 1924 had he considered that the Democratic ticket was Progressive. Now the Democrats are seeking to play the game with Progressives again. This year, it is true, there is no inde- endent Progressive ticket in the fleld or President, but there are Progressive Senators up for re-election, among them Senator La Follette, jr., of Wis- consin and Senator Shipstead, Farmer- Laborite, in Minnesota. The Democrats began by nominating senatorial candi- dates in both States. In the last day or two Miles K. Reilly, the Democratic nominee for the Senate, has withdrawn from the race in Wisconsin, leaving the fleld to La Follette, and State Senator W. H. Markham, a “stalwart” Repub- lican, who entered the contest as an in- dependent a week or so ago. The Dem- ocratic candidate got out of the race in Minnesota, declaring for Senator Ship- stead. No more open bids for the sup- port of the Smith-Robinson ticket by La Follette and Shipstead and their fol- lowers could have been made. Whether these gentlemen will rise to the Demo- cratic bait remains to be seen. It would also be interesting to see how the late Senator La Follette would play the game this year if he were alive and the con- ditions the same. Senator La Follette seems assured of re-election. Senator Shipstead has much more of a fight on his hands. * X KX K Down in the tenth Kentucky congres- slonal district, Mrs. Langley, Republi- can, one of the few Congresswomen, is seeking re-election. Her district has been strongly Republican, and, unless all signs fail, she will win again this year. Her husband is former Representative John Langley, who was found guilty of vio- lations of the law in connection with liquor permits. Mr. Langley served a jail sentence, Mrs. Langley was elected in his place and kept the place in the House which her husband had held for so many years. Now Mr. Langley has been released from prison and is serving as Mrs. Lal glex's campaign manager. 2 On an express train which runs from Ashville, N. C, to Knoxville, Tenn., and points farther West, a poll on the presidential race is taken daily by one of the railroad men. The day I travel- ed over this route the poll showed 33 votes for Hoover and 28 for Smith. This, it was said, was the first time that the Smith vote had approached so nearly that cast for Hoover in this straw bal- loting. Usually Hoover ran 15 to 20 votes ahead of his Democrntl: opponent. C R As the election more nearly approach- es, the Southern Smith leaders are making more and more of the race is- sue, in an effort to check the defec- tions from Democratic ranks in States like North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia and Kentucky They are dragging out old stories about the force bill, which the late Senator Lodge introduced in the House in 1890, and which finally died in the Senate in 1891. This bill was designed to give the Federal Gov- ernment supervision in elections in_all election districts in States where 50 to 100 voters asked for supervision. Therc were provisions in the bill also to make use of Federal troops if necessary to preserve order, and protect the voters at the polls. Immediately this bill was introduced the members of Congress from the South were up in arms. They saw negro domination at the polls in some of their States. But not only the Southern Democrats were stirred, but also Tammany Democrats in New York, who did not hanker after Fed- aral supervision of the polls in their own city any more than did the Southern Democrats, The bill passed the House by a close vote, but was never brought to a vote in the Senate, where a fili- buster developed and the Republican leaders finally allowed it to go by the board so that they could bring to a vote and passage the Republican tar- iff bill of that year. ‘The Democrats profess to see the danger of another force bill if the Re- publicans are placed in power by the coming election, with the assistance of Southern electoral votes. They fear that if the South deserts the Northern Democratic candidate for President the Democrats of the North may take re- prisals and support a force bill in the next Congress. 'The race issue in the South, which has been dormant at the polls for years, is brought to life again in this campaign. And the race issue cuts deeper than religion, prohibition or any other in these Southern States. ‘The Democrats believe that it will be | ing the voters lined up against the Re- publican ticket, ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERI Stop a minute and think about this fact. You can ask our Information Bureau any question of fact and get the answer back in a personal letter. It is a great educational idea intro- duced into the lives of the most intelli- gent people in the world—American newspaper readers. It is a part of that best purpose of & newspaper-—service. There is no charge except 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Get the habit of asking questions. Address your letter to The Evening Star Infor- mation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, di- rector, Washington, D. C. Q. Is it true that Al Smith has never been in Washington, D. C.>— | At the present writing it appears that | M . ©. A. Gov. Smith's secretary says that such a statement is not true. On one occasion Gov. Smith was in Washington in answer to the invitation which the President issued to the governors of all the States. He has also been in the National Capital at other times. . Has Brazil good highways for automobiles?>—G. C. G. A. Brazil has a pretentious program of highway construction under way. An improved highway from Rio de Janeiro to Montevideo, a distance of 1,200 miles, is practically complete. Q. How far does a man have to fall to gain maximum speed’—A. B. A. An experiment was recently con- ducted at Wright Field to determine how fast a man falls when dropped from a great height. The velocity was found to be considerably lower than that deduced from the theory of fall- ing bodies. a man would fall 16 feet the first sec- ond; 64 feet in two seconds; 256 feet in four seconds; 1,024 feet in eight sec- onds, etc., the distance increasing as the square of the time. Due to the re- sistance of the air, however, there comes a time when the velocity is no longer increased. This is known as the “ter- minal ‘velocity” and was found to be less than 200 miles an hour. It was reached after the man (dummy) had fallen 1,600 feet. Q. How many people in the world are {lliterate?—E. M. M. A. Dr. J. F. Abel, a specialist of the Bureau of Education, says that 62.5 per cent of all the world’s inhabitants, de- | spite the educational progress of the last two or three centuries, are still illiterate. Dr. Abel calculates that the world's population now is 1,820,000,000. Of these 455,000,000 are deducted on the ground that people under 10 years of age are illiterate. This leaves 1,365,- 000,000 above the age of 10, of whom Dr. Abel finds that about 850,000,000 are illiterates. Q. How did the people of Alaska and Hawall become citizens of the United States?—K. H. R. A. Citizenship has often been con- ferred on large bodies of people by the annexation of territory as a result of cession or conquest, and it was in this way that the inhabitants of Louisiana, Florida, Texas, Alaska and Hawaii be- came citizens of the United States. This is known as “naturalization by in- corporation.” LQ. Does electricity push or pull?—A. B. "A. The Bureau of Standards says that electricity neither pushes nor pulls. Q. Please give the origin of the dress suit.—H. F. H. A. The Haberdasher says: “As far as we know, the formal dress suit of to- day is the natural evolution of the dress coat of the continental era and before. Black came in when fancy colors went out, and found its place in formal dress apparel as it did in ordinary day wear. The dress coat, from a designer’s angle, has changed but little from similar gar- ments worn 150 years ago. Long trousers, as is commonly known, were first introduced by George Bryan Brum- mell and the vest itself is only an evolu- tlon of the waistcoat which previous generations had favored.” Q. How is powdered sugar made?— E. R. “A. Granulated sugar, powdered sugar and confectioners’ sugar are all com- WASHINGTON BY FREDERIC Republican national committee bally- hoo wholly aside, it is difficult any longer for impartial observers to deny the existence of a “Hoover trend” all over the country. Dyed-in-the-wool Democrats contest such a view, but have little that is tangible on which to base their challenge. Straw vote polls of every description reveal a Hoover tide. Private correspondence from various sections indicates it. Candid admissions by many Smith well-wishers make but slight attempt to conceal it. A certain authoritative estimate originating in conservative, mon-partisan quarters foreshadows a Hoover popular majority of 4,000,000 and an Electoral College total of corresponding proportions. That would denote a Republican landslide. The impressive thing about ‘“‘Hoover trend” reports is their unanimity and widely separated geographical origin. They come alike from North, South, East and West. Republicans naturally are more vocal in claiming that Hoover's election is now a foregone conclusion. Hardly less significant is the restraint with which most Democrats discuss Smith’s outlook. * K ok X Gov. Smith's recent foray into the Middle West was regarded as the acid test of his drawing powers there. To this observer there comes a letter from a distinguished citizen of Minneapolis— a Roman Catholic. It says: Smith came to Minneapolis and St. Paul and went away again. In my humble judgment, his expenses should be paid by the Republican national committee. Some of Smith's talk was interesting and constructive, but most of his utterances dealt in platitudes which did not fit the case. They were delivered in such a man- ner as to please an audience pre- pared to criticize conditions that exist, Irrespective of whether or not the present administration had any- thing to do with them. When Sena- tor Borah followed Gov. Smith a few nights later he hammered out a great many of the latter’s far-fetch- ed generalities. Smith had a great ovation in the Twin Cities—no ques- tion about that. But after both he and Borah had gone it seems that Hoover has almost a better standing in the Northwest than he had be- fore. * ok ok On_their own claims, the Democrats can hardly win without a sheaf of Western electoral votes. If the Min- nesotan just quoted is a reliable barom- eter of opinion in the corn and wheat belts—and he has natural Smith pre- dispositions—the New Yorker’s chances in those sections are slim and going glimmering. The Democrats pin fer- vently fond hopes on Smith’s ability to take New York's huge vote into the electoral college. Yet it is gradually seeping out that Pranklin D. Roosevelt, strongly against his will because of his infirmities, had to be more cy less forcibly drafted into the Democratic gubernatorial situation as an eleventh- hour move to check up-State anti- Smith sentiment. The Democrats won once without New York—when Wilson defeated Hughes in 1916. But condi- tions in 1928 are radically different. A lost New York this time means for amlth the irretrievable loss of the elec- jon. » ke No one should imagine that the Dem- ocrats have thrown up the sponge. They plan, on the contrary, to fight from now on with increased Intensity. Gov. Smith is confident that his pr8ent dash ‘Were there no atmosphere, | C J. HASKIN. posed of sucrose (the chemical term for pure cane or beet sugar), the difference in the products consisting only in the form of the crystals, Powdered sugar | is made by pulverizing ordinary stand- |ard granulated sugar and is produced in varying degrees of fineness, the dif- ferent grades being designated by vari- our terms in the trade, such as “Con- fectioners’ powdered,” “Fruit pow- | dered,” “Lozenge powdered,” “XX.” “XXX," “XXXX,” ete. Another type | of sugar which is produced in the form of large crystals (larger than ordinary granulated sugar) is also known as ‘Confectioners’ sugar.” This also con- sists of sucrose. | | | Q. Please explain how a cyclone can drive a straw through a board.—F. J. D. A. The energy with which a body strikes an object determines the plerc- ing effect and damaging effect of the body. Energy is measure by the prod- yuct of the mass of the body and the square of the velocity. Thus a very small body moving with a high velocity | can possess just as much kinetic energy |as a large body moving slowly. The | straw is hurled through the air at an enormous velocity and expends its | energy in going through the wood. This | happens so quickly’that the inertia of | the straw keeps it from crumpling up before plercing. Q. What is the significance of the 1sayéng, “A miss is as good as a mile"?— A. The expression, “A miss Is as good as a mile,” means that a narrow escape is as good as any other. the earliest Greek | Q. Who was | painter?—-W. W. A. The earliest Greek who is regarded as being worthy of the name artist is Cimon of Cleonae. Q. When was the wooden figure first used in front of cigar stores?—W. C. T. A. John L. Morrison, editor, and a collector of wooden Indians, says: “Wooden Indians are not indigenous to American soil. As early as the reign of James I the wooden Indian was a | famliliar sight in England. Of the early wooden Indians in America, an odd, cupidlike Pocahontas that once stood guard on Hancock street, Boston, dates from 1730. The pioneer authenticated appearance of a cigar store show figure was in 1770, when Christopher Demuth opened a tobacco shop in Lancaster, Pa. This figure was not an Indian, but a delicate, minuet-type gentleman extend- ing a snuffbox invitingly.” Q. What is meant by saying that “an aviator must have 20-20 vision”?—W. A. A. Normal vision is 20-20 vision. By these figures is meant the ability to ‘zaerattzu feet what should be seen at eet. Q. What can be sprayed on ever- greens and hedges to keep dogs away from them?—S. M. A. A. The Bureau of Animal Industry says that a solution of nicotine sul- phate, one ounce to a gallon of water, sprayed along the hedge and on the evergreens, is reputed to be somewhat efficacious in keeping dogs away. Q. What nationality is Nils Asther?— W. H. A. He was born in Malmo, Sweden, January 17, 1902. Q. How do Indians say “happy hunt- ing ground”?—J. C. T. A. The Bureau of American Eth- nology says that there was no common term for “happy hunting ground,” but every language had a name, meaning on the sky, in the sky or the place of disembodied spirits. The Wi term for on the sky is “karonyaka.” Q. What city was called the North- ern Athens?—H. W. A. The capital City of Thuringia, Weimar, was called the Northern Athens during the residence there of Schiller and Goethe. Q. Which are the maritime provinces of Canada?—M. S. A. This is a general name for the Canadian Provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. OBSERVATIONS WILLIAM WILE. and Kentucky. The Democrats are genuinely anxious about North Carolina. They concede that if the Tarheel State should break away in November it would be logical to envisage the possi- bility that some other Southern State would follow suit—possibly Florida. Vir- ginia is held to be safe from enemy attack, despite the widespread revolt of what Senator Carter Glass contemptu- | ously calls “Hoovercrats.” s In New England, New York and New Jersey—to mention three regions in particular—the Democrats are far from ready to admit the Smith jig is up. They claim the Republicans there are frightened out of their boots. In States like Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island, as well as in New York and New Jersey, the Democrats long have had effective organizations. This time, in addition, they have something they never had before—money. They possess it, moreover, in virtually un- | limited gobs. Thev can, therefore, put up a precinct-by-precinct fignt the like of which the rank and file have never been able to make. The Smith man- agement lays immense store by this fact. It touches the practical side of an elec- tion and the one which often counts for more than abstract “issues,” or even the personalities of candidates. S Merlin H. Aylesworth, president of the National Broadcasting Co., has just stated in a public address that “radio is going to clect the next President of the United States.” The brilliant young air magnate isn't venturing to predict whom radio will place in the White House. “But,” he confides, “it is going to win for one and lose for the other.” Aylesworth tells an interesting story of how he was approached by the Com- munist party, “the workers of America," and asked if his networks would also broadcast that party's presidential nomination acceptance speech. “Sure,” Aylesworth said, and it was done. Then the Communists inquired whether their platform would be “digested” by radio, as was done with the Republican and Democratic platforms. That, too, event- ually took place. Some day, the broad- casting executive thinks, there may be an amendment to the first amendment of the Constitution. It now provides for freedom of religion, assembly, petition, speech and the press. “Freedom of the air,” according to Aylesworth, would be a logical addition. * K k% Mr. Coolidge is “fading out,” as they say in the pictures, so far as his ad- ministration is concerned, but the pas- sage of time does not seem to bring with it any loss of his popularity with Washington's never-ending throngs of tourist-visitors. Each noonday contin- ues to see its long lines of handshakers at the White House offices, and the President welcomes them as cordially as if he had chosen to run this year. The thousands of persons brought to the Capital by the Episcopal Triennial are contributing big quotas to the daily levees at Mr. Coolidge’s headquarters. * ok Kk As the Hoover-Smith race approaches the homestretch, family dlflcpnnces—:\ distinctive feature of the 1928 cam- paign—persist. The latest case of in- compatibility concerns Kathleen Norris and her husband, Charles G. Norris. both novelists. Kathleen is for Hoover: Charles for Smith. In the big Endi- cott-Johnson boot and shoe business at Binghamton, N. Y., George F. Johnson is for Smith and his son-in-law, a part- ner in the firm, Willam H. Hill, is | id,” but will go far keep Dixie “soli toward blocking Hoover in Tennessee the chief Hoover manager in the Em- pire State. (Copyriaht. 1033