Evening Star Newspaper, June 22, 1928, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR o~ Wih Sunday Morning Edition. __ WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY..........June 22, 1028 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor ‘The Evening Star h‘eor;u.u Company % 11ty St ard Pennsyicanta Ave New York Of 110 East 42na St Chicaga ¢ nilding. Europesn .+ London. | A ce: ce- 2 14 Englt and Bate by Carrier Within the City. | R: Evenine Sta 45¢ per month a generation ago. There was plenty of such poor quality that there was little inducement for the homesteader toset- tle upon it. He profited more by becom- the United States, than by trying to carve a farm out of mountain and desert. Various immigration projects extended the free land period. Besides, the tide of migration was turning northward over the Canadian line, where boundless areas of prairie still remained to be had for serfously asking. But since the war there is little leff. vy Evening and Sunday Star ‘when 4 Sundavs) 60c per month The Evening and Sunday Star S8 . 65¢ per month | 53¢ per eany fwben § Synda: The Sunday Star Collection made at the and of each month. | @réars may be sent In by mail or telephone | Main 5000 | Rate by Mail—Pavable in Advance. | “tarviand and Viesinia. | -4 g T w1 mes e $4.00: 1 mo. 40¢ 1w Sunday onlv R All Other States and Canada. r4 Sunday .l vr. 81500 1 mo, §1 00 1yr, ss.00 kK 15 8300 1 mo. T8¢ soc s 1 mol be :hol minee for President? Dis- | m many States assert vlm] e Democracy are up in | 3 nomination of any wet | for President. and against the nomina- ticn of the New Y particularly Prom Austin. the Texas capital. comes | The farmer today must move to town and go to work in the factory when the mortgage is foreclosed, or clse become a tenant. Still there is free land. The General Land Office of the Department of the Interior has just announced the avail- ability for homesteading of ne 70.000 acres in Idaho and New Mexico, for the most part without water. ‘The exisience of this land is impor- tant—merely as a symbol, if nothing more. While free land continues, however uninviting to the setiler, the Nation remains in that stage of development, theoretically at least, which is closed in the older countries of the world. with all its opportunities and its guarantees of | liberty. — e Jersey Justice Indicted. “Jerss; " was once famous for celerity and exactitude. The phrase be- came nationally current, as a reproach to other commonwealths that failed to pursue crime effectively. Arrests were unoccupled territory left, but it was of | ing a renter, within the boundaries of | there is no assurance that the present nomenclature, adopted in consequence of a successful military campaign, will always endure. But for the present it will be necessary for the Western world to substitute Peiping for Peking and to [ become accustomed to the new designa- jtion of the old and now abandoned capital of China. Bird Slaughter. One of the nearby suburbs of Wash- {ington In Maryland is believed to be the home of the largest number of song birds in this part of the country, &8 Indicated by a census of nests. ‘These birds are highly cherished by the | human residents of that arca, who take | special pains to protect them. to feed {them and to provide them with nesting ifllc(llflos. Cardinals, thrushes, tanagers, | robins, mocking birds, wrens, martens, | finches, a wide variety of bird life pre- jvails. These birds are a source of joy | to the community. | Of late there has been much shoot- {ing of these birds by the small boys of | the section, whose paremts apparently | give little heed to the depredations they {are committing. Airguns and small firearms are furnished them as toys, and they prowl about in the thickets and woods and over the lawns of the subdivision seeking prey. Wounded and !dead birds are often found, some of them of the most beautiful species | When recently complaint was made to the moiher of one of these young | sportsmen her reply was. “It's no fun {for a boy to shoot at something that does not move.” . There is a law in the State of Mary- land prohibiting the slaughter of song | i word that if Al Smith is nominated at [ Prompt. juries were quickly secured Heusten next week. the Women's Chris- | Han Temperance Union of Texas will | in accord with the gravity of the of-|is being violated wantonly. and evi- support Herbert Hoover in the coming | gn and at the polls in November. | votes of the woman drys in Texas | tes of the South agains may not be emough to swing i States into the Republican col- umn. so strongly Democratic are they. But what of the effect of the woman | vote in debatable States like Missourd. | Tennessee, Maryland, Kentucky? Thri women in th States may well hold the balence of power if they line up sgainst a wet Democratic nominee President In past elections. since the women ‘were granted national suffrage. the vote of the women has been split very much | s has the vote of the men. There has been little noticeable effect in the na- tional elections. although it is probabl that the late President Woodrow Wil-| #zon had heavy support from the women who were then enfranchised by State laws in 1916 on his campaign slogan, “He | kept us out of war.” Harbert Hoover's candidacy makes & strong appeal to | thousands of wemen, irrespective of the wet and dry issue. He is known to| them 2s the feeder of starving childfen | overseas and as the man who led in the | drive for the conservation of food in this country during the World War. But when the issue of prohibition is added, the scales appear to be heavily laden in the interest of Hoover, so far as the women are concerned. nhu—ueum} of the national campaigns adoption of national prohibi- tion has the wet and dry issue figured | this year if Gov. Smith face that the nomination of Gov. Smith does not necessarily mean a change in the dry laws, and that Smith, in the ‘White House, will make s vigorous ef- fort to enforce those lsws. The women | take a different view. They are not so hide bound as the men when it comes to voting the party ticket. The woman vote this year may be a deciding factor in the presidential election to an extent | that it has never been before. —————————— A perty leader never knows just when he may have to render his leadership more secure by avoiding appearance of arbitrary dictation. —_——— | Japanese statesmanship asserts power in the assumption of being able to un- derstand all the intricacies of Chinese politics. | 1 ot | Long journeys often lead homeward | st last. Col. House may find Texas a| congenial spot for an unofficial observer. | s Free Land. There siill is free land. In past gen- | erations the almost boundless areas of | tillable land to be had for the asking nave constituted one of the most potent factors in the American sociology. While they lasted they have been the guar-| anee of economic liberty. They have | made an American peasantry impossible. | ¥or generation after generation there | was better land across the Alleghenies, scross the Mississippi, across the Great Piains, across the Rockles, No man able | 10 1]l the soil need be at the mercy of | the landlord. When the New England squire craftily got half the farms in town into his grip by mortgages the former owners did not have to work for him as hired men or renters, which would have meant a 50- 2] condition quite similar 1o peasantry “They had only to hiteh up their wagons, take possession of more and better land | of their own, and leave the cruei money- jender gnashing his teeth while he held » bag of rocks Hed there been no free land some- thing probably would have heppened | | | | trials were short and sentences were fenses. New Jersey, in short, enforced its laws efficiently Of late a change has come about with the quality of “Jersey justice.” Crimes have gone unpunished. Trials have bsen protracted. Mistrials have | occurred. Jury service has been gen- erally unsatisfactory. At the recent session of the Legisla- ture & commission was named to in- vestigate various departments of New Jersey State, county and municipal ‘b(rfls or the firing of guns within a | certain distance of dwellings. That law | | dently in some instances with parental | | permission. Indignation is rising, and | ixf this offense is not abated steps are to be taken to bring the young hunts- | men to book for their wanton misf‘hirh‘ It is rather extraordinary that par- ents should tolerate such lawlessness on the part of their children. In the { first place the possession of these weap- | one is a source of danger to others than the birds, to human beings, per- haps to their own children. There have governments. It has just held its first | been repeated cases of younasters session, and has heard testimony re- | blinded. wounded and even slain by the | garding incompetence in office, ballot | shots of young marksimen. It is only a the late decadence of “Jersev justice.” | thing” like a bird to firing at a larger | the sales of juries. The testimony at moving target. i the first session all related to Hudson | The bloodthirst of a certain type of | County, which includes gersey City. It boy which manifests itself in the | referred particularly to the activities of | slaughter of small creatures of the | the mayor of that community, who iz | fields and woods should be regarded as | publicly regarded as a “boss.” | a danger signal, and quite apart from | A former judge. appearing as a vol- | the question of the preservation of bird untary witness, charged that district |life lies the preservation of boy life. | committeemen of the dominant Plft!i It is to be hoped that a different “hang around the coyrthouse and offer | spirit will prevail among the parents jury votes for sale.” One of the in- | of this particular Maryland community, | vestigators exclaimed, “What a horrible and otners in this neighborhood as! thing! Can vyou give us specific in- [ well, to cause an abatement of this| stances?” The witness thereupon pro- | dangerous nuisance. | ceeded to cite a case. A certain attor- - ney was trying a case in Hudson Coun-| It may be unjust to accuse Mr. Vare | ty; his associate counsel was ap-|Of an effort at spotlight grabbing. His proached by certain men who offered precipitate annoygcemient of Pennsyl- 1o sell the votes of jurors; he called the | Vania's vote mag Bnve been due only to matter to the attention of the presid- |A desire to show that his heart was in | ing judge: a mistrial was the result; | the right place. the two men who made the approach were indicted, but were never tried. The witness went on with other ac- cusations: “Justice is frequently de- layed. Two years have frequently been required to argue appeals. I attribute the fault to the prosecutor's office. I| know of one instance where an indict- | ment was amended at the time of the trial. The amendment made it defec- tive, the conviction was reversed and the case was never tried again. I have | known shootings where the man was known and never arrested. Those in right politically don't get justice, and those who are not can't get justice.” All this pertains, as stated, to one county. It may be the one black spot on the Jersey map. The legislative commission has other ground to cover. Possibly it will find that “Jersey jus- tice” is still effective and speedy else- where in the State. But this revelation of jury selling, indictment juggling, political interference with courts and | other means of defeating the laws is calculated to cause a definite decline | of that once famous commodity in the | market of national public opinion. Where stage coaches hurried past brig- Bl andish graft, i No turn of events can deprive Charles | And the old prairie schooners had guns, Dawes of the distinction of being the| fore and aft. most vigorous Vice President the coun- | My heart is in Texas, try has known in years. behave. T The Injun is only a Tammany brave. In opposition to “The Sidewalks of | Professional “Bad Men” who once Ld! ue:c York” Benator Jim Reed might| the band i undertake to revive the song “You Got- | Now v v | SR ik Ay ot Do Asosnd. No d:t;n.:fll-nd deliver their votes on | ————————— —r———— A Summer with nothing worse to fight than a few mosquitoes should be regard- ed as comparatively serene by President Coolidge. A polar expedition makes important discoveries But the old question, com- mon to all lands, of food supply remains | uppermost. | ———eat. Automobiles have not entirely replaced | the horse-drawn vehicle, and the dirigi- ble still finds the dogsled in demand. ———————— ‘The camel, 2s a water carrier. is like- | Iy to demand a place beside the ele- | phant and the donkey. | SHOOTING ST. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. My Heart Is in Texas. My heart is in Texas, where long, lnnI' ago, The -cowboys and Injuns provided the “show; where cowboys | That old prairie schooner is gone from | | the scene. | The delegate rides in a big limousine. :Thr trusty six-shooter is given the slip, | "And only a bottle is worn on the hip. The assertion that he does not choose to run is made by Gov. Ritchie with carly and unmistakable emphasis. s o Peiping. Dispatches from China state that the Dictation. | Tennessee 24 votes; Hitchoock's 16 from | | Nebraska and Ayres' 20 from Kansas | from Al Smith's rosy standpoint. THIS AND THAT RBY CHARLES E. Loud speakers were in existence long before radio made the term & house- hold word. Good listeners were never at loss to find them in streel cars, theaters, on the street, in the home. Perhaps it would be nearer to the mark to say that the loud speakers al- ways first made sure of their good auditors. Two capable ears seemed to prod the loud spesker into activity. Four ears, | of course, were just that much better than two, and eight better than four, and so on down the ever-increasing scale, No doubt the loud speaker 15 the original of all platform essayists. ros- trum crashers and after-dinner speak- ers. The man who could attract the at- tontion of every passenger in a public vehicle soon ¢ to the conclusion thet he was wasting his talents on the | utilitarian air, | Why not hire a hall and charge an admission fee? ok K These orators invariably are of the masculine gender. Rarely does one hear a woman U her opinions to | the world at large. One may suspect that it is not be- cause her ce is lighter, but because | he hes more common sense than to | want to so attract the attention of | strangers. The desire for approbation bottom of the loud speaker | is at the complex. that he is rather clever, that what hf‘ thinks is just a little bit better than | what the mass thinks. He regrets the necessity which would. | demand of him a low conversational | tone of voice. It may be well bred, but | | how can these surrounding babies hear | his words of wisdom? He loves the sound of his own voice, | no doubt of that. The pecullar thing is. that he always has a deep, bass voice, of the sort that rumbles and rolls through space, confined or un- | confined. | Perhaps his ancestors lived on the | prairies, where it was necessary for | every speaker to talk loudly. When one is attempting to carry on a conver- sation with a neighbor a mile away a | sonorous voice is an asset. Such long-distance gossip, healthy for the lungs, helps to build up red blood corpuscles, since it induces deep | breathing. declared by some to be the salvation of mankind. ok oK % | The loud speaker, when he goes to a show, insists on telling all those around him his personal and private | box stuffing and. in striking relation to | short step from firing at some “moving | OPinion of the author. the plot, the | actors and the management. His remarks are ostensibly addressed | to his tom?anlon. but every one else can hear him. too. | He sees to that. | Every now and then he looks around ing to him, watching him. | He even smiles brightly at them, following one of his famous quips. { If he draws so much as an eighth of | a smile from any face in four rows and . TRACEWELL. ‘The chap who reads all the adver- tisements in the street cars is another well known variety of loud speaker. It is nothing to him that there is not an illiterate person in the car. The very fact that each and every man, woman and child present can read makes the game all the more interest- | ing. ‘They can verify his ability! Pride is at the bottom of this fellow, | there is not a doubt of it. Somehow he resents the seeming universal edu- cation, the seeming knowledge by all | men of all things, the seeming small opportunity for any one man to dis- tinguish himself in the crowd. His belief in the crowd is pathetic. Put him in a group of persons, none of whom he will ever see again (or ever saw before), instantly he sets out to win their smiles as if this facial | suffrage were of any particular mo- ment. He fails to realize that he is simply embarrassing his companions. They smile in sheepish fashion as he goes on to read aloud the virtues of green soup, red soap or soda crackers. They wish he would shut up. * % k% When he is giving original matter to the assemblage he is none the less embarrassing, since often he interlards his thoughts with choice mawkish werds He leans toward feminine adjectives, which are all right in their place, but that place is not the theater, the public { The man affiicted with this desire feels | yenjcle or the thoroughfare. One must admit that often there is a shrewd vein of humor in the loud spéaker. He has sympathies, and is able to see into the ridiculous: he of- fends through excess of zeal for enter- taining, for giving pleasure to his fellow | man. Almost every family has at least one of these worthy persons. You see him standing in the aisle in the street car | by the side of Mrs. Loud Speaker, who is seated. He freely Hoover is ?u in the world can stop him. Now Mrs. Loud Speaker thinks Hoover is going lo get it, and that no one can stop him, either, but she does not like the amused glances of several spectators. who turn around to see who the ani- mated fog horn is. She tries to turn the conversation, but Daddy is wound up this evening. voices his belief that spur him on. He takes up the new | topic with infinite zest. with a kick and | (Conyright a wallop which would go pretty well on the stage, he seems to think. His voice rises, in order to offset the clatter of crossing an intersecting line. He must be heard. He is Mr. Loud Speaker. * ok % % As Thomas Hood asked the reader to do with his “unfortunate.” so we | him in order to see if others are listen- should view these interesting but mi: guided gentlemen. ~Charity is neces- sary. Their noisy fault is often offset by scores of virtues. They are good husbands, kind fath- ers, faithful employes. They go to ing to get it. that no one | PHILOSOPHIES BY GLENN FRANK The old-fashioned storekeeper finds ! himself in a swiftly changing fleld. Recently I motored over 150 miles of highway and past a score of small eneral stores. wondered as 1 rode v _how many of these gencral stores will be doing business 50 years from now. A dozen major forces are at work in the fleld of retailing that may change | this enterprise beyond recognition. One of these forces is the chain | store. | There are today 10,000 or more | chain-store systems in the United | States. These 10,000 systems have 100,000 or_more retail stores. These chain systems are rapidly ex- | panding in more than half a hundred | fields. Since 1920 the volume of their sales has doubled. From the beginning of the chain idea until 1890, tea, coffee and other staple | groceries were the only articles handled, (but with the founding of the first |5 and 10 cent stores in 1890 the range | of goods sold began rapidly to broaden. In 1927 the four largest 5 and 10 cent store chains opened 204 additional | stores. In 1926 they added 139 new stores. In 1925 they added 127 new stoves. In 1924 they added 137 new stores. These four major chains made total sales in 1927 of $510,000,000. Between 1926 and 1927 their sales | increased 12 per cent and their profits ! increased over 19 per cent. | The chain system secures lower prices i by virtue of the concentration of great | purchasing power. Obviously, a great | system that can absorb the total out- put of factories can secure lower prices, | because the factories are enabled to standardize output and reduce costs of handling. The chain system, because it cen- | | tralizes its buying, can effect enormous savings through a small and nighly cxpert staff of buyers. | The chain system can deal primarily ! In standardized goods and can stand- ardize their handling so that waste motion is about eliminated from its | merchandising operations. | What will this ultimately mean tc the | Independent stores? | . For one thing, it will compel cmall | store_men to federate in associations | that will enable them to combine many of the advantages of the chain system with the desirable advantage of inde- | pendent ownership. A new profession 18 likely to emerge—the business direc- | The side glances of fellow passengers | tor of great federations of small business | men. McClure Newspaper Svndicate.) Belleve;}rohibi;ion Law Is Here to Stay To the Editor of The Star: 1 believe the eighteenth amendment is wrong in principle, and that the general results of prohibition there- | under in their influence upon our social | life and political institutions are calam- itous. But in my judgment. for the | reasons hereinafter given, all discussion and efforts for its elimination are an | idle waste of time. Any political party | | eight seats to either side he is happy.|church, and perhaps pass the plate. | that goes before the country on a wet He is functioning! Perhaps they think, thinks he, that| 1 am a famous critic, sent here by a !often these gentlemen are softly spoken | paper to tell the world the solid truth about this bum show. For all they know I may be the close friend of the playwright, or, by | George, that unsuspecing individual himself. Their one original sin is talking too loudly. The surprising thing is that enough in private. It is only when they get in puablie, and bask in the electrical infiuences of the crowd, that they turn on’ the juice, as it were, and show up for what they are—the original loud speakers. HOUSTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. The elephant and the donkey inhabit | widely separated provinces of the ani- mal kingdom, speaking politically as well as zoologically, but they are feed- | ing on strangely similar converftion fod- der this year. Kansas City and Hous- ton, in other words, have much in com- mon. 1f you will read “Smith” for “Hoover” into the story of events about to transpire in Texas, you can casily | plece together a narrative made out| of the same fundamental ingredients from which history was written in Mis- | souri, | At Kansas City an overwhelmingly | towering figure, cxpressed in terms delegate strength, faced a so-called, | but in fact absurdly disjointed, “alliance” | of antagonists. At Houston an equally | predominating personality, represented | by pledged support, confronts a hope ful, but in reality powerless, combina- | tion of rivals. Last week it was a field | bent upon stopping Hoover. Next week | it will be a field anxious to stop Smith. | The analogy extends to platforms. Kan- sas City had its embattled farmers. Houston has its militant drys. w ow» 1t is useful, for clarifying purposes, to | divide Houston into two parts—the mathematics and the logic of the situa- tion Both are plain as a pikestaff. Smith needs 734 votes to make the | grade that leads to nomination. George R. Van Namee, “chairman of the Bmllhl pre-convention activities,” to give that sage and suave politician his official | tit's, breezed into town Thursday with | the claim that the governor will open | the ball with 630 votes. Before the convention is more than one ballot old. Pomerene's Ohio 48 and Woolen's Indiana 30 are expected to drop into the Smith basket. They will bring the total to 728. By that time Hull's should be piling up the bandwagon ta ly: and then, as ths Manhattan Island- ers calculate, the party will be over. PR This is the arithmetic of Houston There | is a different system of reckoning in | the camp which thinks the convention | can and will be deadlocked against the overnor asset of the Democratic party is the Re- publican nominee for Vice President. At any rate what the meant is that the donkey has a positive genius for doing the wrong thing at the right time. If the donkey's standard bearer this year is another than Smith, Curtis will be as right as Sherman was in speaking of another kind of war. o ‘The commonest thought in Houston, on the eve of battle, is that if Al Smith isn't nominated, the whole Democratic party might as well go on a back just in time for Herbert Hoover's inauguration next March. A no less universal thought is that for once the donkey will belie its blood ties with the ass family and bray at Houston to some purpose. The compiler of these ob- servations shares that view. He expects Smith to win on not later than the third ballot. (Copyright. 1928.) ———— Amateurs Can Make Photographs in Color BY E. E. FREE, PH. D. Amateur photographers can now make pictures in their natural colors and print them on paper like an ordi- nary photographic print. A long series of experiments conducted in land, under the scientific direction of the well known expert in the chemistry of photography, T. Thorne-Baker, is re- vorted as successful. To take a color photograph requires what experts call a “separation.” The different colors are in the camera, one photograph being made of the red parts of the view, another one of the blue parts, and so on. rily this is done by taking separate pic- | tures, each through a color “fiiter” of | the proper color. In the new process three such color- separation plctures are made simulta- neously on three strips of ro'i film, rolled on top of each Cae film is sensitive only to yell. . another only to blue, the third only to red. The three together make a complete picture, and | “Are you sure all your friends will | They get that way by amass- [ each can be printed separately on the | the Mongols, led by Genghis Khan | Nationalist government has changed the name of Peking, the ancient capital, to | Vote your way?" Peiping, meaning “Northern Pacified| “Better than that” replied Senator | City,” while Chihli Province, in which | Sorghum. “I have arranged a highly | that city is situeted, has been renamed | influential progrem that will compel | Hopes, meaning “North of the Yellow | most of my enemies to vote as I direct.” River.” It has heretofore been an- . nounced that Nanking s to be hence- forth the capital of China Thus passes, at least for a time, the glory of the long-time seat of Chinese | government. The word Peking means | “North Court,” and that city is regarded as one of the most ancient in China Its origin 18 lost in the mists of an.|TUN OUt of & convention. While one or tiquity. It was besieged and taken by | 'Y MeR come out feeling hilarious, a | In | 1a78E number of patriots feel as if they | that siege the beleaguered inhabitants }h‘d beento i funersl for lack of other ammunition, are said | to have discharged ingots of gold and | stiver on thelr assaflants. Kublal Khan | rebullt it and made it his eapital 0| They are not necescary,” protested 1260. In 1421 the third emperor of the | 1he wrchitect—"unless you o soing | Ming dynasty transferred his capital | inu politics.” thither from Nanking, which now suc- - - ceeds it | “He who seeks lofty position,” said | This change of name in China is simi- Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “must isr 1o that which oceurred in Russia a | cultivate a lowly demeanor.” Relief. ‘The city gardener, in grief, To tell his story will insist, And put in claims for some relicf Bame as the agriculturist. Jud Tunkins says it is hard to get Campaligning. “Your designs are admirable-—but I want larger porches.” | would be just over the horizon. | | * | compromise ng the votes of the 10 more or_less | solid South States, counting 228, They | add to it the votes of the four border States of West Virginia, Tennessee, Mis- | sourt and Oklahoma, despite the known | existence of Smith sentiment in all of them. Their 96 votes bring a_concelv- able “deadlock” total of 324. To tie up | the convention by leaguing a one-third total of 367 votes, another 43 will still be required, but If any such amalgama- | tion can be brought about, a deadlock | PP If there is to be & dark horse at Houston—any holder of the key to a sit- uation soluble only by nomination of a candidate — "Jim" Reed doubtless is that mythical person. At this writing the Senator's demonstrated | strength is negligible, It amounts to | nothing_but Missouri’s 38 favorite-son | votes. Reed's propagandists claim sec- | ond-choice strength in half a dozen dif- | ferent States—Tllinols, Kansas, Okla- homa, Pennsylvania and others. Thelr hoast 15 that it will begin flocking to sensitive print paper in its proper color. The amateur takes his snapshots in the usual manner, his roll of film con-| (aining the three superposed color films. ‘This roll can then be develobed and printed, as now, at a central labo- ratory, where there are facllities for printing each of the three parts of the film in its appropriate color. Since photographic records of family events, vacation experiences, and so on, are 50 much more vivid when in color, the inventors of the new process expect it gradually to supplant the present world-wide amateur photography in black and white. UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten Years Ago Today Gen. March, chief of staff, United the Missourian the moment the conven- | tion fs convinced Smith cannot attain | his two-thirds. Reed’s whole pre-con- vention campaign, his stubborn refusal | 1o quit in the face of apparently insur- | mountable Smith odds, has been based on the possibilities of Houston rather than the probabilities. ok oW ¥ \ very similar 1o what had happened In | few years ago, when St. Petershurg was | Lurope generations before. The squire|restyled Petrograd during the Gren would huve become & Janded aristocrat. | War, and later, when the Bolshevik re- | 14 Larg 4 *he bamc wealth. Whén It |gime wae established, was rename passes into the hands of @ small group | Leningrad. The capital was removed Lo nf men who hold it 5o tenaclously tha scow by the revolutionists, tieir holds can be loosened only by such [ The new name of Peking, “Northern | violence as the French Revolution eco- | Pacified City,” will have its definite Im- | nomic lberty is very seriously threat-|plication in Chinese as long as it re-ih'_ ened But in the United States the |mains. “Peiping” will stand as the vacant land beyond not only was free symbol of conquest, as the mark of the but. for the most part, better then the | culmination of the Nationalist triumph Speed Requested. t the convention swiftly show 4| How nominations have 0 go. | The speakers—while we love them all— Are interfering with base ball. “A race hoss," sald Uncle Eben, “goes back to de stable an’ eats in comfort, in’ de only one dat has a sure thing." e Ready 1o Duck. land o be abandoned Actuslly the institution of free land B the United States disappeared nearly - v China, which has a background of s | “\% (0 U f ’;:;;"""‘"plm“"h'.:‘:"r;m many centuris, is now in & state of | room The passenger who sits in with ' ewifter tram ition than ever before, and five aces should wear & parachute, Bo much for the addition, subtrac- tion, division and multiplication of | Houston—necessarily inexact, What strikes convention observers as far more reliable is the logic in the Houston sit- uation, A political babe in arms knows that the logical thing for the Democrats to do is to nominate Smith, but what | they actually will do is decidedly an- other thing. “Charley” Curtls sald to this writer not long ago-—many weeks before he dreamed of becoming Herbert Hoovex's running mate-—that the princi- pal asset of the Republican party is the Democratic party. Since recent events | at Kansas Ofty, be It remarked in passing, & good y Democrals have | come to belleve that the principal 1028 States Army, makes statement that the number of American troops already sent overseas exceeds 900,000, with every assurance that the force under Pershing will exceed a million men in | July. * * ¢ American forces are amused at German official general headquariers report claiming “repulse of Americans with great slaughter northwest of Chateau-Thierry” when no action had taken place. * * * Number of men “killed In action” in the American Ex- ditionary Forces reached an even housand today when the War Depart- ment gave out a casualty list of 153 names. The grand total of casualties to date Is 8,428. * * * Premier Orlando declares that the battle on the Italian front has virtually been decided in favor of the Itallans. The Austrian offensive is at a standstill. * * ¢ Freanch naval official claims that the allies. are now destroying U-boats twice as fas as the Germans can build them, and says that two-thirds of the German submarines launched are already at the bottom of the sea, platform is feredoomed to ignominious | defeat: and for that reason the receat Republican convention showed great political prudence and sagacity in re- jecting the proposal of Dr. Butler to }ncorpuume a wet plank in its plat- orm. ‘The reasons are not far to seek. The great majority of voters in the United States live in the country districts and small towns. They are overwhelmingly |in favor for prohibition for too many reasons to give them all in this com- munication. These people do not see and understand the great evils of pro- hibition as we of the cities do, but they do see and appreciate the indis- putable benefits in general it has brought to their communities, which are in such marked contrast to the conditions that prevailed in the days of the licensed saloon. They know that 1 is_still procurable. in their localities, though with difficulty, but even so0. they cannot forget the old order with its drunken brawls, and dis- orders on Saturdays and holidays, and vicious influence of the liquor interests in their local politics and social life, in such marked contrast to the peace, good order and thrift that now pre- vall among them. Lurking in the back of their heads to fortify them in their unalterable opposition to any change in the present laws with all their alleged evils is the fear, and not { without some justification, that the evils will return should the law be abrogated or even modified. The insuperable difficulty of putting any social reforms on a sound and prac- ticable basis in the United States is due to the fact that we are not a logical and practical people, and that we have more than our share of fanatics and hypocritsy ical humbugs, who insist upon making a religious and moral issue of every pro- | posed reform that in lts essentials is solely social and economic. The sale and consumption of liquors is not a moral or religious question. There is nothing morally wrong in either, and they cannot be made so by law. In matters of this kind, affecting personal habits as old as man himself, people will | submit to regulation, but not to prohibi- ition. A proper and practical regula- | tion of this matter could have been mads effective, because it would have received the universal support of the people, without which no law can be enforced. It is a vein suggestion, but, in my | judgment, the solution of the question | should have been left to the respective States, where it belongs under every principle of our institutions: and the Federal Government should have enact- ed laws, which it already had ample constitutional power to do, in aid of the enforcement of the prohibition or !other regulatory laws of any State which should adopt such a policy. In this way no violence would have been done our institutions, those sections of the country that wanted | rohibition | ing thereto could, with the honest co- operation of the Federal Government, have been enforced, because they would | have had the sanction of public senti- ment behind them. Knowing the country as I believe I do, my conclusion is that there is no pos- sibility of the abrogation of the eight- eenth amendment, of any material changes in the prohibi- tion laws. But there is the probability of these laws becoming more and more disregarded in those sections of the country where the sentiment respeeting them s lukewarm or in opposition, until the time may come when these laws in such sections will fall into utter innocu- ous desuetude. In the meantime we are paying a terrible and terrifying price for th{a “noble experiment,” and an all- wiss Providence only knows what the end may be in its effects upon the mor- als of our people, our soclal order and political institutions. ALEXANDER SIDNEY LANIER. P | Heavenly Streets. From the Nashville Tenuessean We'll walk the golden streets of being able to walk in the That will be Heaven. Cv—e—— Steps to Fame. Fram the New York Herald Tritune A good many politiclans who hoped to be favorite sons will soon discover that they are only stepchildren. 4 ot One Look Suffices. From the San Franciseo Chroniele We defy any man to denoun skirts afler spending an hour the old family album. E " . Will Make Him Soar. From the New York Herald ine All this abjection to Lindbergh's (ry- ing another transatlantic fiight will only eerve (o make him soar, Think ! street! hort with ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS" There is no other agency in the world that can answer as many legilimate questions as our free information bu- reau in Washington, D. C. This highly organized institution has been built up and is under the personal direction of Frederic J. Haskin. By keeping in| constant touch with Federal bureaus and other educational enterprises it is in a position to pass on to you au- thoritative information of the highest order. Submit your queries to the staff of experts whose gervices are put at| your free disposal. There is no charge | except 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address The Evening | Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Q. When were the iron gates west of | the White House erected?’—V. E. W. A. The Office of Public Buildings and Grounds says that the gates on Penn- | sylvania avenue at Jackson place b-~- | tween the White House grounds and the | State, War and Navy Building. were | put there during Grant's administration | between 1870 and 1874. This land was originally the White House grounds. | The gates were placed there to shut | off that road as a public thoroughfare | at night. These gates were removed be- { cause they had served their purpose and were to some extent an obstruction to | traffic. | Q. How many persons hai crossed | the ocean in a non-stop flight before | Lindbergh?—W. W. 1 A. Lindbergh was the fifty-seventh | to cross in a non-stop flight. The ZR-3, | afterward christened the Los Angeles, | accounts for 32 of the others. Lind- bergh. however, made the first non-stop solo flight. | Q. Can one take a course in moun- taineering?—V. C. A. Prof. Kirtley Mather, director of | | | | | | give this Summer a course in moun- the Harverd geology department, will | pg BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Gulans, richly striped with biack are, brown, which is given the name uq:rv wm In Guiana it is called itaka- wood. Q.. Why does a snake after it is killed wiggle till the sun goes down?—H. M~ A. In lower animals, such as tp® snak: and the frog, the spinal cord = of more importance than the spinal cords in the higher orders of animal life, since in the former it influences the bodv motions more than the brain does. It is because of this fact that the heart of the snake will continue to beat for some time after the head is severed from the body. Q. When were fireworks first used?— A E. A. It is supposed that fireworks were first used by the Chinese. were, known there as early as the eighth cen- tury, and were introduced into Europe in the fourteenth century. Q. Did France ever issue money which was secured by church property? —H. M. A. In 1789 paper money was issued which was secured by confiscated church and. This money was,called assignat. Q. Approximately what is the cost of a cooling plant in a moving picture theater?—A. L. A. During a series of lectures given at Harvard University by leaders of mo- tion picture industries the following statement was made: “In some cases a cooling plant costs $200,000 to install and $600 or $700 a week to maintain.” Q. Can an automobile be driven from Mexico to Alaska?—V. L. A. This was done s early as 1913 by E. Alexander Powell, author and trave eler. Q. WLhnl is an ancillary recefver?— E. L. ‘A He is an assistant receiver who s | taineering. Students will climb peaks yn ‘s state other than that in which th ranging from 9,000 to 15.000 feet. study | pronerty is chartered and has its . | rocks and take o final examination on | place of business. The receiver proper the Matterhorn. ey | must’be mc;tedsin and deflvfis his prop- Q Does any one actually live in a CFty from the State where the company glass house?——N. | is incorporated. A. In Nyack. N. Y. there is a glass | g i house occupled as 4 residence. L s“,,,""m;":,h',:; '.“p‘;""."n"; ol In traveling in the East is it ad- g"'sfl Monthly in 1874 and 13787—W. |B. 8. visable to take hot baths?>—S. E. AT Japaiis aROn e ’nl:iem H‘oplrm 'u;l&er‘mu::mp;'xz where a very hot bath will be found | ship was never ;cm" X fs Dot | invigorating. Whether it is due to the THev | | lleved that they were written by Helen | air or the climate, the Japanese take Hunt Ji s | taths so hot that one could hardly put a finger in the water. It is not ener- 1s the Government sponsoring vating as it is practically everywhere | the celebration of the 200th_ anniver- saloon. with all its social and political | could have had it, and their laws relat- or much likelihood | else. Q. What was the name of Dr. Tru- | deau's first cottage for tubercular pa- | | tients?>—P. H. D. A. You refer to the first of a group | of cottages built by Dr. Trudeau for his Saranac sanatorium. It was called “The Little Red.” Q. What is an aqueduct?—G. H. B. A. It is a water conduit, particularly one for supplying a community from a | distance. Aqueducts are ordinarily of | masonry. arched over and sometimes forming a foot or general transit bridge. Q. What kind of a school is Cooper | Union?—D. F. i A. The Cooper Union. at Fourth ave- nue and Eighth street, New York City. is‘l school of technology and applied | science. Q. Are there any heathen temples in | the United States?>—J. H. K. A. There are Japanese and Chinese temples of worship in New York City. | San Francisco and other large so churches for other helthen{ fons. Q. For whom was the Haskell Insti- | tute named?—H. A. A. It was named for Representative W. Chase Haskell of Kansas. Q. What is meant by dying & natural death?>—R. T. b oot o G e ikt that' oa are of -as natural-tauses of death. enal causes of death are those resulting from accident or violence. g aht | Q. Why are eggs so generally used as | fo0d?—G. 8. A. Eggs are highly digestible and nutritious, and can be served in so many | attractive forms that they are very ex- | | tensively used. Of the dry matter of the edible portion of the egg 95 per cent s digested by man. sary of the 'D:lnh of George Washing- tor g A as the George Wi has just been chosen. is com) of 11 Cuno Rudolph is ¢l persons, of which hairman. William | Tyler Page, clerk of the Buus;‘:l Rep- resentatives, is secretary. . Page says that at the present time not] has been done except the forming of the commission. passed a bill in the last Congress appropriating $4.- 500.000 for the construction of s new highway between Washington and Mount Vernon, of which $2.500.000 will Q. Are tected by law A. They are protected both by Fed- eral and State laws. Q. What do the initials A. J. O. J. mesn when used in connection with stocks?—L. C. B. ’":_\‘Tneymnd!unfl;auly.an- and January, o1 terly interest, or mmmm are p-y.‘ge those ths. only & number from the United w Q. What is the most common for rivers in Europe?—N. H. T. A. “As” is the most common river name in Europe and means “water.” X \ Received Wi In principle, American observers find | merit in the position taken by the domi- | nant Chinese authorities that foreign | troops should be withdrawn from that| country. Newspaper comment, how-| ever, is devoted largely to the question whether China has been unified by re- cent developments sufficiently to cPe- ate an effective government. If there is no such government. it is felt that the powers have a duty to continue pro- tecting their nationals. 1 “The matter is not quite so simple as { the peremptory manifesto would make | | it appear,” says the New York Evening| be almost as glad as China to be rid of the problems to which the presence of their troops on Chinese soll has given | rise. Treaty revision would be a relief | to all concerned. Nevertheless, it Is| | first necessary that the Nationalists | | demonstrate that the reconstruction | | rgse of the revolution has really ar-| r®d. The next move is up to them racner than up to the powers. If they can hold Peking without their mili- case will be a strong one. We should then be glad fo see the United States take the lead in a movement for with- | drawal of troops and revision of the | unequal treaties.” | “Simple justice would seem to require | | that the powers manifest a willingness | to give China a chance.” the Chatta- nooga Times believes. “The requests of | Dr. Wu that the Chinese be permitted | to manage their own finances and their | own political office system, and that ar- rangements looking to the abolition of extraterritoriality be made, must appéal | to all fair-minded persons. And what | is more, compliance with these requests | might greatly facilitate the efforts of | those now ruling China to achieve na- | tional unity.” | oo | The manifesto is interpreted by the Kalamazoo Qazette as tending to strengthen the foreign fears that “the | triumph of the Nationalist allles has | not by any means insured an era of | | peace and quiel,” and that “the atti-| | tude of the new regime toward the for. | eign nations interested in China will| | not be particularly cordial” The - | | zette sees signs “that the alllance be- [ tween Chiang Kai-shek, Feng Yu- | Hstang and Yen Hsi-shan—the oom- | bination which finally succeeded in driving the northern militarists from | Peking—is crumbling.” Expressing con- ' | Adence in Chiang. the Gasette views | Feng with susplcion, and adds: “Sure- ly the responsible leaders of China's new regime must know that the world powers cannat at this time consider leaving their nationals without adequate police protection.” “If China is to work out a democratic government,” concedes the Manchester Jnion, “it will be imperative, sooner or later, that the full inde) the Chinese people shall be | Turkey has recently denied concession- | ary rights to foreigners within her bor- | ders, and China is certain to follo suit as soon as she. is able. thinkable, however, that should obey any peremptory order A R 'China’s Order to F oreign Post. “but certainly the powers should | tarists quarreling over the spoils their | g ers th Reservations get out of China. Foreigners are there and foreign-owned property, and the rights of tomfien must be adjusted according to internatienal procedu There is no powers will e ready to tiations at the renewal of China, in the nition ¢* The new Chinese as yet m_‘ “The Nan mated.” government has inti- he San Antonio Ex- its demands attitude has been taken Dr. C. T. Wang. reputedly = spokesman for Gen. Yu-Hsiang became foreign minister. diers occupy the surrounding region Both these commanders evidently seck predominance in north China.” *x o ow The Lexington Leader concludes that the period of watchful wal “has definitely ended.” and adds: “Whether the Nationalists are able to organize all China and bring it under the sway of & strong central government or nok they are in fact the only geovernment remaining which can logically claim mo&fl.ml:n. and must hereafter speak for if she is to have any diplo- matic relations with the rest of the world. * * ¢ They have gained the confidence of China. They represent the mass sentiment of the gountry, so far as it has become self-conscious and vocal. They are the one hope for the future, and they have proclaimed prinei- ple%n which promise is country should lead the way without hesitation in ex- tending at least de-facto recognition to the Nanking government.” “The Nanking Council manifesto.” i the opinion of the Spri id Union “may have been intes as a fins gesture for home consumption with full realization that the powers would not heed it. The of Feng in the mAY mmnl situation watched terest and some solicitude. Tt it i m\ftme that group have il u:‘ A frie and outlook is none too rosy. s 18 wo time for the destinies of China to be in the hands of a military strong maun whose fidelity to the Natlonalist cause has sometimes been seriously ques- pendence of | tioned. recognized “Already Feng has broken faith with the fore! powers. and shows aby- position A mm te or mh ary