Evening Star Newspaper, April 26, 1928, Page 8

EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY, APRIL 26, 1928. THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D.C. THURSDAY.......April 26, 1028 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Edito The Evening Star Newspaper Company Bustness Otfice n 1 8t and Penn New York Office: 110 E; Chicago Office: Tower Ruilding Furopean Office: 14 Resent St. London, England e by Carrier Within the City. Star 45¢ per nth d Sunday Star _..60c par month ) ~63¢ per month | The Sunday Star 0000 8e per copy Collection made at tha end of month Onders may be sent in by mail or telephone. Main 5000 Rate by Mail—Payable in \dvance Maryland and Virginia. | Datls and Sunday....1yr.S900: i mo, 78 Daily only 1 yro SE00 1 mo 0w | Sunday only .. 1yr. 0 1 mo., 25¢ Al Other States and Canada. | Daity and Sunday .1 vr, $12.00: 1 mo_ $1 00 Sunday niy | 400 1 mos 3 last Summer’s flight to Europe, has sald | and, turning from the course, dived into of him, “Without a doubt Floyd Ben- | the ocean. Exceptional bravery on the nett is the best big ship pilot I ever [part of onlookers was needed to save saw.” Had it not been for an accident | his life, and he was dragged from the just prior to the flight, Bennett would [ pounding surf by willing hands. After have been one of the crew of the |a short rest in the hospital for treat- America. ment for minor injuries and the nec- A heavy price is paid for aviation | essary rebullding of his car, Lockhart success and development, but none of | determined to try again, although the |aviation and to apply it usefully. Ben- | the Bremen's crew from Greenly Island those who are engaged in this new art | erratic behavior of*his tiny mount indi- hesitates because of the risks involved They seek opportunities to advance nett's death was a sacrifice as definite- Iy as though he had perished in a flight. The spirit that impelled lum to go despite his illness to the rescue of is the sam spirit that is carrying for- | ward the endeavor to solve the problems cated that it almost impossible to hold it on & straight course. It was undoubtedly the fact that Ray Keech took the world record from Capt. Malcolm Campbell of England last Sunday that lured Lockbart to his death, He knew that he had one of the finest speed creations ever assem- bled and that with good luck he had THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. mc:c one lives, and especially the more he knows, the more he realizes that there is a great decl more to learn. In backyard horticulture especially the need for observation and comparison of what one sees is paramount. gxperl- ence, in a word, Is necessary. Some persons are a great deal more observing than others. This is a tru- Recently this column carried an article attempting to track to its lair the pecullar sense of futility which sometimes strikes one after reading a good book. It was decided, after a thousand or more words had been placed end to end, that the main trouble lay in the impossibility of making writing as in- teresting as life itself. |1sm which applies with pecullar force It is with pleasure, therefore, that we|in a garden. Nowhere is it easler to today place before readers the first two | overlook the little things which make pages of a new book backing up solidly | the difference between success and our contention. The book s “Bush/|failure, Fruit Production,” by Prof. Ralph A.| One very good reason for this is sim- Van Meter, issued by the Orange Judd | ply because the aforementioncd little | dorse the palicy of this Government in {a chance to set the mark still higher | 'The laws of nature. however, are not to be trified with and Lockhart has [ paid the penalty for his daring. vet remaining in the conquest of the air by man. R ) The Marines in Nicaragua. | Yesterday's votes in the Senate o | the subject of the use of the American Marines in Nicaragua emphatically in- +moms Impulsive Islam. An American missionary with more | | courage than judgment almost started a riot when he recently invaded a great endeavoring to secure stable adminis- | Moslem unfversity in Cairo end dis- Member of the Associated Press. | ted Press s exclusively entitled 0 the lse for republication of All news pathes credited 10 11 0F not OUherwise o a1 tn this pap: an i puntished herein Al rghts of & of special dispatches herein are alsn reserved | o The Emergency Pay-Scale Bill. | While it is highly desirable that there | shouid be some legislation at this .vs-] sion to ameliorate the condition of the Government workers in the matter of The Asso o al news niicaton tration in the Central American states By a record vote of 52 to 22 an amendment to the naval ap- propriation bill providing that none of the money should be used for retention tributed tracts which were not only | Christian. bul which specifically at- tacked the Mohammedan religion. The | students brcame much exclted and a | tanatical local sheik tore up the leaflet of the Marines in Nicaragua after Feb- | offered him and threw it in the dis- ruary 1, 1929, unless Congress declared | yributor's face. war or war existed under recognized in- | The zealous visitor, however, escaped ternational laws, was defeated. Next|qljve and uninjured and that is some- the Scnate defeated, 53 10 22, an amend- | thing for which he can thank his lucky ment providing for withdrawal of the | siars. It must be that the Moslems of c3 Publishing Co. Declaring that successful growing “re- quires something which cannot be writ- ten in books,” Prof. Van Meter points out in as capable a fashion as we have read anywhere the limitation of the culture 1s true everywhere else. “The plant is the open book true horticulturist,” he says characteristics dictate cultural require- ments and plant reactions govern the details of practice. “The gardener or farmer who would become a skilled grower of plants must learn to pass beyond the printed word to the plant itself for the final settle- ment of cultural problems “He must learn (o read the answers to his questions in leaf and spur and of the things are so very little! Ta'ke plant lice, for instance. Unless the wary gardener sees them | about this time in the Spring, he is very | likely to find that they have gone a good way toward ruining his rosebushes by |||rmtnd word. What he says of horti-| blooming time. | Nature has so camouflaged them that | the unobserving gardener, giving his “Plant | bushes superficial glances, does not see | them at all. | Sometimes even the expert passes | over them—they are so minute and so | green. oxactly the shade of the new | shoots, buds and leaves which they aspire to eat away entire. | Tt was some observing sclentist gar- | dener who first observed that wherever | the aphids appeared there also were | plenty of ants, Marines by the same date unless special | the Near East and North Africa have compensation, it is discouraging to find the compromise measure which has been approved by the civil service com- | mittee of the House of Representatives taking the form in which it has been reported. It is explained that this is a provisional, emergency scale, to give | immediste relief to underpaid Federal| employes pending a systematic survev, | upon which a report will be made u: the next session of Congress for a per- | manent revision of the salary schedules. Experience has been that such “tem- | porary” measures are likel: | operative for a considerable length of | time, and that the results of surveys are | slow in becoming effective. This bill does give relief to a large number of the lower paid Government workers, It is to that extent a satis- factory measure, whether temporary or permanent. 1t does not give adequate relie! to those in the middle grades of the service, however. and it actually works injury to the higher grades, which are in as urgent need of relief as are the others. One of the most serious conditions in | the Government service in respect to compensation exists in the pay scale of the hizher positions, those of a technicsl and professional character. The range of pay in those divisions is such as to make it difficult for the Government to retain workers of ability, and especially difficult to replace them with new ap- | pointments when, discouraged by their poor prospects or tempted by more gen- erous opportunities, they resign for pri- wate employment. In the Bureau of Standards, the Department of Agricul- ture and such smaller organizations as the Public Library, this condition mili- tates scriously against the maintenan of efficient forces. Under the temporary arrangement proposed by the House commitice on civil service the maximum and the min- imum scales of these higher paid work- | ers of the technical, scientific and pro- | fessional groups are both reduced. The effect of such reductions will, if the bill but at the same time it will, for a* least one year, and perhaps for longer— for Government surveys are not assur- edly compieted within time limits and Jegisiation based upon them is not | prompt—actually cause a material loss, ©of pay to these highly competent and | essential workers. I For theé empioyes of the Government | n the lower and middie ranges of pay | there 15 the keenest sympatby. They, should be given immediate and materiai | Telief in the manner proposed by the ! Welch bill, or a substitute for it which | carries out its essential features. If ic| 8 the opinion of Congress that the | Proposed scale i ngt the most equitable messire to serve as a permanent or long-enduring basis of Government eompensation, and that further infor- mation is required before such a law is enacted, then by all means let the tem- porery scale, adopted pending inquir be such 5 1o yield relief o all and not | fmpote hardship upon an already un- | derpald branch of the public service Lockhar, sacrificed his life as a racing | motor driver, making two hundred miles an hour., The world turns to Musso- | lini's idea of reviving the glories of | anclent Rome 5o far as ammrdlzln(‘ Buman life in the name of sport may B concerned. i ——— | Researches on this eontinent have proved so rewarding that it may not Pe necessary o go Yo Egypt for pre- The motto, “Bee America holds good omo— Floyd Bennett, Yioyd Benneit's desth at Quebec was wpritably in the iine of duty. He gave his Jite in an endeavor Lo rescue other | eviawrs marooned in Labrador after n flignt across the Atlantic, When Ui three niavigators of the Bremen, penned | upon Greenly Isie, were in need of su cor Bennett offered his services, though | then suffering from fliness, and, against | medles) advice, he undertook the flight, | byt eould not continue and was brough back 0 Quepec, where the disease de veloped repidly. snd, despite every effort 0 seve him, ne dled there yesterds morning only & few hours sfter Lind Wargn had made bis gallent fight from Bew York with serum Pennetdt was one of the outsianding figures i American avistion. He had focomplished much In his career in the sir. He vas Comdr. Byrds oo on the epochzl fight v the North Jule two yeers ago, and wes o have heen bis right-hend men on the project- 4 exploretion by sirplane of the South Polar regions. He was & warrent officer of the Havy, and hed been given en estended leave of absence for the Byrd expedition southward. And pow his body will be brought here for interment &t Adington with full military honors High swwds had been granted Lhis man, and # was felt that higher hon- | ors would be won by him in future service in the sir, for he wae neturally eaulpped for fiying Bernt Balchen, who eocompenies Byrd on the Americs in 1 | have told of the seizure and it may b> |or by death has become a necessity. | | theme, but perhaps carries more gen- | sorrow. One 1s inclined to pity the un- | | this case great mutusl happiness is the | gratulations are in order on this provi- mon | congressional consent was given for their rctention, but pormitting the Prosidentdatitude to land troops “tem- porarily” to protect American lives and properiy. Finally the Scnate, by a vote of 60 to 15, rejected an amendment to comp=] the withdrawal of the Marines unless the President secured congres- sional consent for their continued maintenance. Thus in three different forms the Senate has rejected proposals looking to limit the power of the President to maintain a Marine force in Nicaragua during the period of the elections in that country and of instability ‘n ad- | \xireme personal bravery and even ef- | ministration. While it is possible that |y nery cor & missionary somewhere. | these votes were influenced somewhat py . gave saem to have passed and the by recent reports from Nicaragua which | o (H0 T LT other falths ap- the death of an American engaged m‘g:":hf."D’;‘:?:}‘T;,:g;n:“;:f; ooy mine management there, vel doublless |, .~ myioucn medicine, through ath- the result would have been the same | through social vl s in any case, for it is evident from the | 1% | many other ways men are sometimes | won over to the Path to Salvation: sel- | recently grown very much more mild than in the old days and than their co-religionists further in the hinter- land. The missionary in question may | have counted on this present mellow state, but the fact remains that he | | took an awful chance. In many places | and on many occasions there would not have been enough left of him to cause | the mosque janitor more than a slight | | inconvenience in mopping up. A light- | ning stroke would have seemed a dila- | tory sort of proceeding compared to what he would have gotten, There may have been a time when | record of the debate and of yesterday’s action that the policy of maintaining a | Marine force lnp:"u.ng\:ll susln\:Pd | dom does this happen through direct by a large majority of the Senate. “‘nnd disagrecable frontal attacks on the it is sustained by the country. [P0 O Kl ot Amcrican military forces are in Nica- | 4557 e = ragua mot only with the consent, but The pneumonia germ has again as- [ H T e montest of the estabiished recog. | *Ted Uself as lacking patriotism and zed government. They are present :;;nl::"::mr:‘o: ‘nn: ": d'h' Saarchity for no purpose of conguest or dominion. | frisagedins i gt They are there to insure or to secure | ¥ | b | Lindbergh could not save the life of :f;"::‘;lfn':“’elfl;"::“::d"l‘gflz'; | Bennett. He battled bravely, but claims P nmw;m“ "D Am‘* iy h*mmu ito be only an airman and not a physi- ' - | cian. { which are extensive and which are e ! i menaced by the present disturbances. | One man, Sandino, has set up a brigand | warfare in opposition to the government. | His forces have inflicted losses upon our R troops and upon our nationals €agaged| .piooq control” gets into politics de- | in bus‘ness in that country. Their sup- i A 1 pression and his elimination by capture | spite the fact that its proper sphere | ~ | should be philanthropy. 1 i Superstitious gamblers may be tempt- | ed to follow the Sinclair stables. Sin- lair is a remarkably lucky man e e e « Were our Marines now to be withdra™n. gnan sea at the North Pole compels | or were dates set for their future with- | gy qents of exploration to face an open | drawal, chaos would Tesult fn Nicaragua. | o\ ocoi0n Having undertaken this task, the United | e s —— States cannot, in justice to the Nice-| Tne King of Italy is prevented by raguans themselves and in good faith | certain traditions of dignity from as- with its own legitimate interests in thal | sorting himself as a political boss. couniry, discontinue the maintenance | s SOOE wmm of a military police whose sole purpose Biographies are often calculated to 15 to secure stability and to permit a | encourage the student to proceed with free expression of public will in the|nhys athletics. even at the neglect of | choice of Nicaraguan executives. { historical study. ——— A Wazing Honeymoon. From London, Englend, and from Greensburg, Pa., come widely varying, news dispatches having to do with; marriage. It scems that London’s 1alest| gacyy one, although his life may be wedding party idea is for the bride obscure, as well as the groom to give a “bachelor | yas cherished dreams which fondly dinner,” at which she entertains her must endure, particular men friends, while the groom | said unto a man whose fame is great, throws a party for a crowd of fair| ey} me good sir, are you a candi- fem'ninity. The item from Pennsyl-| date?” vania is not quite so ultra-modern In | He answered, “Why desire me to con- fess eral appeal. longing which you easily Porty years ago E. J. Burch, now guess! sixty-five years of age, and his wife. Bince ecarliest boyhopd, friends were Anna, just married, were successfully, wont to say and it was thought permanently, sep- | That maybe I'd be President, some day. arated by objecting parents. The cou-| A candidate? Hope never is forgot ple, after their brief dream of happi- | Before I answer, tell me who is not ness, lost trace of each other. Re-| A cently Burch, nearly blind, sent! Popular Appesl. to the county home at Greensburg. In Wous pomilarly I ook By shong o the dining room of the institvton he |t Used 10 be “I have served many e " sald recognized his long-lost wife'’s voice s : A happy reunion followed. Benator Sorghum. “You couldn’t ex- The phrese “gone 10 the poor house” pect me at this time to break lr.l'ln the \uuh)}ypl'nnnumn & certain degree of o e o .VI-Elf_n , ilsiies Passive Patriot. 1 used to give an argument On topics of the day. But now I wait till word Is sent For me to say “Hooray!" .o o | SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Dark Horses. A should foriunates who must spend thelr de- clining years in such surroundings, In | unexpected accompaniment of wha | must have scemed at first a tragedy I hasten where the joyous thro 10 each person involved, Heartiest con- | foy i Will dance the hours away. My volee, in story or in song, Bays only this: “Hooray!" Jud Tunkins says some men stay in | Congress because the way folks votes | &ets 1o be a habit, dential and genuinely companionste re- sumption of a long-ago youthful ro-| mance - Ohin s & dominant influence In presidential politics. Herbest Hoover's | friends take the benefit of an old nnd\ powerful tradition. o Death of a Speed Pioneer. In the death of Frank Lockhart on the sands of Daytona Beach, Fla., while trying o establish a new world speed | Y record, America loses one of its best “Remorse,” satd Hi Ho, the sage of racing drivers, Winner of the Indlan-| Chinatown, “is a state of mind which apolis race and holder of many records | oo frequently requires a policeman to from one 1 & hundred miles, Lockhart | call attention to 1t was one of the hall dozen fearless | men who essayed W Anvestigale the | higher realms of speed in'a motor car Built entirely st bis direction, the au wmoblle which carried him 0 his death was Uavellng st 8 rete better ! than three miles o minu'e, A siight | And history will still relate unevenness i the sand, u shide gide.| Of strange canards, waye of perhaps five hundred feet, and | And of some "hero” merely stale, | Lockhsrt wes pitched out of his twen~| “He stacked the cards” | ty-tour-ineh “cockpit” head foremost {‘ It seems too bad, now that it s sl) over, that Lockhart did not heed the | werning which had unmistakably been | given him by his fast little racing car Feoruary, while making hetter| e . uwn hundred miles an hour fn | **Om e Haneor Daily Commerois the intemnationsl opeed tests, his car .,ml,',...m:;mlr:;:uzmi}v :."?»:3?;3-3.‘5 got ouy of wn\rulq for the first time, his arteries get that way, oo, 4 Mastery of Language. “His parents think he has a literary career before him " “‘Is he solving any great social prob- lems?” : ‘Not yel, But crossword puzzles,” he Is a wonder at Cheaters, ¢ Although the game be small or g That honor gusrds, Bomebody always les In walt To stack the cards “Patience,” sald Uncle Bben, “is mighty fine—unless iUs only & form of lnziness.” - e Hardne | 1han | branch and flower, and he must de-| So we velop a sense of fine discrimination | how th which will enable him to adjust culti- | “cows.” vation and fertilization, pruning and |plants In order to grow fat with the spraying, more and more closely to the | secretions used by the ants as “milk.” needs of the individual plants. | ; PP “Books are useful and necessa.y. They contain the summarized experi- | anfs use the aphids (lice) as the continued dry spell of During new leaves of rosebushes ap- last week have the entertaining story of | nd deliberately place them on | | Times dec! ences of thousands of plant manipuln—“ tors who have gone before, but the rules and formulae which they set forth are at best but rough approximations. They may be true on the average, but they seldom fit exactly the particular rondi- tions with which the farmer and gar- dener must deal.” LR “Language cannot convey a trus un- derstanding,” continues Prof. Van Meier. “That can come only from expericnce and_observation and comparison, until aradually there develops a sense of rela- tive vaiues, a comprehension of the meaning of subtle changes which follow | our attempts to bend the plant to our purposes. “Study the plant! Learn to know it at its best: then learn to recognize the signs of trouble, especially those deli- cate but apparent growth and color B changes which indicate a low or poorly balanced food supply, for malnutrition is the worst foe of cultivated plants. “Understanding can never be ¢om- plete. Human senses are too limited and plant reactions too intimate and subtle for that, but the degree of mas- tery marks the difference between the ‘plant wizard’ and the man who has no “‘luck’ at all with plants.” So there you have it, not only in rofercnce to garden “how” books but also, by inference, to all books. Lan- guage cannot convey a true understand- ing! This : iplies not only to gardening but to the larger operations of a life. No amount of books or reading, no matte how helpful, will take the place of a human hand on yours in certain crises of life. Books have their limita- tions. We wrong them by expecting too much of them. “I am only a book, after all,” a volume tries to tell us. But we go on making impossible demands upon it. .- owow Nor can understanding be complete. This. too, applies not only in the garden but alsn to life at large, The be curling up. | It took an observing gardener, how- ever, to notice the change. Most ama- | teurs passed the curling by without so | much as a notice. It happened that the dry weather was responsible for it, and | the ensuing wet spell righted matters completely. The little leaves uncurled, became normal. Suppose. however, the weather had kept dry? In that event those who did not notice the curling would have al- Jowed their newly planted bushes to suffer a severe setback, whereas the | observing might have been able to put two and two together, as the saying ls, 1 and give their rose beds artificial water- ing in time to prevent harm | We say might have because the “fine | discrimination” of which Prof. Van | Meter speaks is not as easily attained as |the power of observation. Some men | are born observing, others attain ob- | servation, soma have it thrust upon them { For every born gardener there are at Jeast 10 who work up their own powers of observation, and at least a hundred who have observation thrust upon them by the very necessities of the garden. So of 111 gardeners one is a bot. garden that is how rare he (or she) ie. Let the remainder of us not despair, however. If we believe at all in Prof. Van Meter's statements, we will realize that the powers of observation may be ncreased, and that from them will arise the necessary discrimination. | AN the garden operations must be | adjusted to the need of the plant, flower | or vegtable, shrub or evergreen. One has to observe—and to remember. Only | peared to | the born gardener will find this recol- | | lection easy and natural. | The rest of us will do well to keep a arden record. something tangible in | black and white, to which we may refer | from season to season to refresh our minds in reference to the plant pecug liarities which otherwise would esca our minds, Sinclair Verdict Surprises And Angers American Public Expressions of surprise and indigna- tion predominate in the comments of the American press on the action of a Washington jury which acquitted Harry P. Sinclair, charged with conspiracy in obtaininy from former Secretary Albert B. Fall leases of land which had been held as a naval oil reserve. Speclal emphesis is placed upon the fact that the jury. in effect, repudiates the solemn declaration of the United States Su-| rrcme Court that the Teapot Dome ransaction was fraudulent and corrupt. ‘The Topeka Daily Capital states that “ e final judgment of the country must be that of the Supreme Court—that the transactions from start to finish were corrupt and dishonest.” Commenting on the report that the verdict “is one of the greatest nurpnsen Washington has had in years” the Manchester Union adds that “it is a surprise that will be shared by the whole country. Th> Birmingham News holds that “America's court of last resort has al- ready assalled the justness of Sinclair's acquittal,” and that “undeniably this verdict s a tremendous, depressing commentary upon the system of trial by Jury as that system now operates.” “The American jury system is a ghastly failure at critical times,” affirms the Denver Post, which links the Sin- clair and Remus cases, with the com- ment that “they are enough to make decent people hang their heads in shame.” The Portland (Oreg.) Journal exclaims: “How low has virtue de- scended in the country! What is the conception of American institutions when 12 men, with the defendant in- dicte 1, condemned and sentenced by the highest court, still hold him gulltiess>" The Harrisburg Patriot sees public “amazement, disgust and indignation™ at “jury verdicts which virtually repu- diate the declsions of the upper courts.” LA “Thanks to the courage and ability of its Federal judges” remar! the Omaha World-Herald, “the Government obtains return of the stolen property for the people; thanks to the fallibility of its jury system, the conspirators get away with their hold raid on the public roperty without punishment.” 8imi- arly, the Ralelgh News and Observer declares: “The courts still function well in recovering [:mperu' They w.re tmpotent to punish the individuals” The Savannah News concludes: “There was a conspiracy, & bad one, but Sin- clair was not in it. It was somebody el 80 a jury has sald, and that ends n” That the verdict Is “rotten, viclous and a stench to the American 15 the assertion of the Los Angeles Ex- press, which holds that “words permis- sible on an editorial page fail utterly to indica‘e the intense indignation and disgust with which the American people received { hocking news of the jury's verdict.” ‘The whole affair lpxwlll o the Brooklyn Dally Eagle as “a sordid and shocking tale, made worse, instead of better, through the action of the jury | In freein, Sinclair” - “Ours Is & government of law."” states the Roanoke Times, “and all good citi- zens perforce will how to the Sinclalr verdict, But in thelr hearta they feel that A gross miscarriage of justice has rred calls 1t “gross and lame) while the Morgantown New Dominlon belleves that “there can be no doubt. reasonable or unreasonable, that Sinclalr and Fall are as gullty as ain” Of Binclalr's record the New res: "It cannot be altered o | The Wheellng Intelligencer York [ | episode In national history, a part of |the unmoral aftermath aof the war. | There is no whitewash in the verdict that will cover up this black spot." The Milwaukee Journal insists that “the case now must go to a larger jury, on which | sit the peers of all America. More than | ever it becomes necessary now to have | & popular verdict on this thing that has ,n:rl. into our national life and has de- | fied all efforts to bring it to justice.” “Try.as he may to hold to his self- | respect,” says the Kansas City Journal- | Post of Sinclair, “he will always know that he is o marked man. He will be bothered by what he knows every person he-meets thinks about him. His riches and the things that he may purchase with them cannot make him forget.” !The Roanoke World-News declares: “The general public will not soon forget that in one of the most sweeping deci- | stons ever handed down the United | States Supreme Court in a unanimous opinion has denounced the Teapot Dome lease as corrupt and fraudulent, | has stigmatized Sinclalr as a giver of bribes and Fall as a ‘faithless public | officnl.’ “Bits of testimony concerning the oil exposures are repeated, and predictions | are made that the acquittal will be fol- | lowed by protest,” records the Oakland | Tribune, while the Hartford Courant, re= | calling cases against Sinclair for jury | shadowing and for contempt of the | Senate, expresses the hope “that these { convietions will be sustained.’ The | Springficld Unton concludes: “The charge of conspiracy still stands against Mr. Pall. The charge of bribery still stands against Mr. Doheny and Mr, Fall. These charges should not be | dropped. ‘The ends of justice will be badly served if guilty men are permitted ! to go free before every resource of the law 1s exhausted in an effort to visit | punishment upon them." ok ko “He should be met on every plea by the representatives of the Government he has flouted, and he should be landed behind the bars if it takes 10 vears' ! advises the Richmond News-Lea the Dayton Daily News calls for “an ex- haustive ‘Inques! with the comment that “perhaps we shall find that the {jury system,” devised for much simpler !times than ours, no longer serves the | purpose, and something else must take .ll« place. A ‘jury bf our peers’ doesn't | seem to work when the man to ba ! judged Mves at an economic altitude which the fury cannot even imagine.” “The construction of a circumstantial case which shall dovetall so completely | that there is no reasonable explanation of coincidence and connection other than that of conspiracy is recognized " by every ecuting attorney as & most difficult task,” suggests the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin in desoribing the legal .Nllnell of the case, and the San Fran- ! elsco Bulletin “After all, the ver- \dict does not say that there has been no fraud In connection with ofl, Tt particular charge in a particular case was not sufficlent for a convietion.” “Without the milllons that he pos- rorses,” according to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph, the acquittal “would have been an impossibility, but without his milllons the basis for the fraud charges could never, have been lald." v ;Slmulcl Be “Great War and Not “World War™ Ta the Editor of The Star Visiting your beautiful and courteous e merely states that the evidence on a | Nothing that Ilug[mlrd in his erimingl tris] at Washinglon can change it. e will_remain a scandal to his class, & public warning to rich men, tempted as he was to avold his example as they would the plague For both him and ex-Becretary Fall the sentence of the intelligent public has been pronounced and will abide, As time goes on it will be strange 1t 8inelair I8 not moved to exclaim, "My punishment 15 great than I can bear!” " o oity, [ notice In your publie bulldings and traveling facilities that the late glgantie war is referred to s the “World ‘War." 1s not this term somewhat mis~ leading? Should it not be the “Cireat {war'? Some countries were not in- volved. Nrr\lu‘ on a memorial coms mission In our home elity, we had oceas sfon to consult authoritles and gath- red that the great majority of uni- versal and prominent writers use the texm “Cireat War™" Has the term ‘World War" heen adopted by our country? ALEXANDER J. MACIVER, Newport, R, 1 7 o “The slimy transactic seandalol avers (he Newark Kvening News, “has bheen laid bare, The public sees it as & loathsome with all its Pleads for Passage Of Retirement Bill To tha Editor of The Star: Coming, as I do, from the Southland, where in years past chivalry reigned supreme; where our forefathers fought so valiantly for what they thought to be right, and, after the war, cl hands with the victors, acknowledging defeat for the sake of right and jus- tice and the future upbuilding of the greatest nation in the world, it is su prising to me that you would find men in these United States who would go 50 far as to oppose the Tyson-Pitzgerald bills. We can only thank God that they are In the vast minority, and I be- lieve that after they have gdven the bills careful consideration from an un- blased point of view they will change their opinions and help the passage of the just and righteous measures. The purpose of these bills is to put upon the retired list disabled Army of- ficers of the World War, men who wil- lingly gave up their wives, children and homes to answer the call to arms for the defense and honor of our | | country. | Some of these men are totally dis- | {abled and are not capable of earning the income that they had before the | war, .and it is unbelievable that this counrty, as rich as it is, will stand by and let them cke out a living, giving |them a small pittance, where, before {the war, when they were able to work, |lived in ease and comfort and some in luxury. In giving a practical example, I am going to cite my own case. | T volunteered for service June, 1917; was in the prime of life and had hardly had a sick day up to that time. I was practicing medicine and was carning from $9,000 to $10,000 yearlv I was discharged from the service, by special request, in December, 1918, a sick man, 1 dragged along trying to work and regain my health up until three years ago. 1 was compelled 1o give up and since that time I have spent every cent I could lay my hands on or borrow, trying to regain my | health, but I am an invalid and am now compelled to eke out an existence with the amount I get from the Gov- ernment. All of this time, or for the i past seven years, the Navy and Marine | Corps have heen enjoying the fruits of similar legislation. | ‘Were they braver men? Did they do | more toward winning the war than the Army? Is it right and just to single them out? The men of the Army should not stand for it! 1 believe that the President in his | fight for right and justice will not | stand for it! Why not put it up to him? We are graciously willing to ' stand by his decision. | Isn't it-looking down.upen the offi- | cers of the Army for Congress to say | that the officers of the Navy and Ma- rine Corps are entitled to receive re- tivement privilege but the Army is not? | What is Gen. Pershing’s opinion of the | officers who fought under him? Believe me when I say that the chief | opponents of the " bills are fireside | warmers who remained at home and ll\lltd their pockets with “filthy lucre” while the soldlers were exposing their |lives and sustaining themselves upon |the mere pittance that was paid them Of course, thers are exceptions to all rules, but because there are a few who do not understand the situation and are guided by the others Congress should look into the matter more thor- | oughly and give the Army its just| dues. Five times ths Tyson bill has been | passed upon by the House eommmee‘ i favorably and five times it has been | lost in the jam of busincss at the ad- journment of Congress. Each year we | |are getting older and each year some of us are passing on beyond the Great | |D!\'lde. Now i5 the time it will do the | | most good, for those who pass away | do not need it. ! GEORGE B. LESUEUR. M. D. i Ex-Capt, M. C, U. §. A. New Orleans, La. | | WORLD WAR | ¢ Ten Years Ago Today. | | | UNITED STATES || Marine casualty list given out by Maj. | | Gen. Barnett today shows total of 277 | since first brigade went over with Per- | shing. Not a Marine captured by the enemy thus far. * * ¢ Seventy-five | names, including seven commissioned | | oflicers, included on Gen. Pershing’s cas- valty list for today. * * * Prench recover | part of Hangard in -spite of violent | resistance by German forces. Seven times Hindenburg's men attack north of Hangard Wood and are thrown back. South of the Luce, also, Gen. Petain’s troops recover lost ground and hold it. ¢ * « British and French troops de- fending northern flank of the Lys| overwhelming assaults i great masses | of German troops. Struggle lasts all | day with 120,000 Germans used in the | attack. Halg admiis retirement. A Prench regiment at the summit had orders to stand and apparently died to man. * * * Berlin general head- quarters reports big gaiu Announce occupation of St. Eloi. about two and | a quarter miles south of Ypres, endan- gering that base. - - 1Ho|lls Coal Police | | Need State Watching | From the Putsburgh Post-Gasetls the coal and fron police in use in the strike distriets, the position usually | is taken that little, if anything, can be done about it until the meeting | of the Legislature next year. Gen- | of State authority to private Interests on such a scale is wrong in prlnclple.l Lacking a sufficient number of State | police to praserve order and ;uanil ‘property in the affected districts, the | question, however, 1s forced, “What else | can be done?’ Even In looking to the | unless public sentiment for the measure s developed to the required point upon a State-wide basis, that a change in/ the order will be made. | Tt there 15 one thing that can be | done now, and should be done without of the coal and tron police as well as State inspection over such forces that | reduce abuse of public mintmum. The need of this is empha- aleed In particular now by the fact that on certain complaints against the private )mlltr have been widely dis- puted. suspicion in all such cases | At Thomas Cirele 'I*HA'D too, Is glory, when all loyally Men stand, who might with no dishonor fly, To hold a fleld or unsurrender- Ing die: . And that your crown of fame must always be, Wha, like the oliff unylelding to the sea, Steadfastly stood beneath the Georglan sky, While Longstreet's thousands, Ilke seas surging high, Agalnst you broke wild futility, in Man's heart 18 stirved with pride, with pity torn, By all high deeds, heard of ted breath. That Hft & vanquished to with b the victor's side Al far Thermopylae, those few Horse forlovn The Palaklava that oharged Lo death; Thomas at o’nlnnn\nr lorifed R J, QUINN, ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. There is no other agency in the world | prit for a test. 1If he could read a verse that can answer as many legitimate | from the Psalms, particularly Psalm questions as our free information bureau | 1.1, his penalty was light; that is. he in Washington, D. C. This highly or-| “saved his neck ganized institution has been built up| and is under the personal direction of stant touch with Federal bureaus and other educational enterprises, it is in a position to pass on to you authoritative information of the highest order. mit your queries to the staff of experts whose services are put at your free dis- posal. There is no charge except 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Ad- dress Ths Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin director, Wazhington, D. C. Q. How may eggs be hard cooked as distinguished from hard boiled?—A. E. 5. A. The best method 15 to use a double boiler. 1In the top part put the eggs rand a cupful of bolling water for each | egg to be cooked. Cover closely and keep warm over hot water in the lower part of the double boiler. Leave the cggs in the hot water for 6 to 8 min- utes if they are to be soft cooked, or for 30 minutes if they are to be hard cooked. Fggs prepared in this way are then ready for use in salads, for stuffed or deviled eggs, or for sandwich mix- tures, 3 Q. How long has the present dynasty in Siam been in power?—B. C. G. A. Rama I established the Chakrl dynasty in 1782. | Q. What States lead in the produc- | tion of pears? Is much of this fruit| used in the home?—D. W. E. | A. The leading States in commercial | Fredetic J. Haskin. - BY keeping In con- | | Sub- | Q. What gmprm of the mechani- cal devices that are patented com= in‘o successful use?—H. G. B. | A. Only 1 or 2 per cent of the artizics patented are ever commercialized. | Q. When were headstones fitst fur- | nished by the Government for soldi=rs’ | graves?—J. A. J. | A. Under act of Congress, Marchi 3, 1873, the Secretary of War was author- 1luzd to furnish suitable headstones for soldlers, sailors and Marines huricd in national cemeteries. By an aet of Con- gress. passed in 1879 che order w | extended to these who were b private village and city cemeteri Q. What are thermic winds7—A. G A. Thermie winds consist of alternate | regions of ascending and descending air set in motion by differences of density due to different temperatures. The-e | occur practically everywhere, because the earth’s surface absorbs radiant heat from the sun and imparis it to air by | conduction. Such winds are intensifiec | by different ground colors, the pres- | ence of clouds, bodies of water, etc. | @ Why is the Pittsburgh ball team called the Pirates?>—J. M. A. In 1391 the Pittsburgh team se- cured the services of Louis Bierbauer by tactics which were termed piratical The name has clung, but has lost its opprobrium. Q. How long has the Department of production are California, Washington, ' Agriculture been conducting farm dem- | neck verse?—W. D. J. | —what is war? reports made to the State authorities 'dino is an oulaw under ment of Nicaragua and is not recog- nized otherwise by any govermament in t 13 highly essential that the | the world. Not only has the United State government obtain reports above | States, as a country, invested several have legally :;unes and other property therein. San- ino mines, and murdered civilian Americans. under no pretense of organteed government but as a brigand and outlaw. | faeto, Oregon, New York, Michigan, New Jer- tev, Colorado, Missouri, Texas, Ohio, | Indiana, Tilinois, Maryland and Dela- ware. For home use the pear is about as widespread as the apple. Q. What verse of the Bible is the A. The first vi of the Firty-first Psalm was given this name. At one time any person in holy orders could claim exemption from punishment for certain crimes. was afterward extended to all who could read, the Bible being handed the cul- This “benefit of clergy”y from its | onstration work?—J. R. K. | " A. This work was inaugurated in 1904 |in Texas. In , 1929, the twen- | ty-fifth anniversary of the inauguration | of this work will be observed at College | Station, Tex. Preparations have already been begun for the celebration. | Q. Does the hippopotamus blood?—W. €. C. A. A curious feature of the skin of | thiz animal is the reddish exudation pores when it is excited or in , but the sweat pain. Tt is called Bloody swe | blood has no part in it. BACKGROUND OF EVENT BY PAUL V. COLLINS. If the Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court hes never an- alyzed the Constitution; if President Jefferson and every President since Washington (except, perhaps, Buchan- an) has been a usurper of power which was not intended by the Constitution for the Executive; if President Roosevelt was wrong in protecting American invest- ments in Panama and President Wilson wrong in sending Marines to Haiti, and in ordering Gen. Pershing into Mexico, and President Harding was as wrong as had been President Taft. in sending Marines into Nicaragua, then President Coolidge is open to impeachment for usurping the constitutional &rmnlm of Congress. Basides, not only the Cl Justice, but all other Justices of the Supreme Court, need further instruction from eloquent politicians in ss in this, the year of election, 1928. How ever, the Senate yesterday. by a vote of 4 to 1, refused to take that stand. * % % * “Congress shall have power to declars war.” Bui the United States Marines, without direction from Congress. are shooting down “brave outiaws’ and “pa- triotic revolutionis: in Nicaragua; therefore, demanded the opposition, let us expose the “abuse of the Constitu- tion” by President Coalldge. in invading | Nicaragua without the “advice and con- | sent of Congress” That is the sub. stance cf orations by certain s who will look with favor upon the be- ginning of the whittling era of the present President. Absolutely nobody who can read dise putes the words of the Constitution, bui ‘Wonld it be likely tha* the Coolidge State rtment would bz reaping the admirati of the world now for its brilliant efforts to outiaw war if the Chief Executive did not rec- ognizs the iniquity of war, and was vio lating his powers by ‘making w: without even constitutional authority? What is the definition of war, as ex- pressed in all standard books on inter- pationa! law, and also, what are th= duties of the President in protecting American lives and property. in whieh Coneress has no constitutional author. tiy to interfere? * When President * Cleveland warned salient lose Kemmel village as result of | Great Britain that she must cease her | ciatyte either prohibiti boundary raids on Venezuela. under threat of war with the United States, according to our Monroe Doctrine, he did so through a message to Congress. but that was because that warning was potentially an act of war—not of mere intervention in the affairs of Ven- szuela in defense of American citizens. In the centurv between 1811 and 1911, we intervened without war 48 times. Between 1895 and 1911, there were 9 uch interventions—all for the protec- tion of Americans—and of that 9. 4 in- stances of intervention were in Nica- ragua. * e Ons of the highest authorities in America on_international law is Amos science and international law, Indiana State University. Hershey defines war in his volume, “The Essentials of Inter- national Law." He says: is a “War, in a materfal sense, erally it is agreed that the delegation | syruggle or contention between states | ed. but was and belligerent or Insurgent communt tles, by means of armed forces. * * War is a political fact, recognized and, to a certain exten! r%{ullltd by the law of nations. * * * Like intervention, for example, war is an exercise of sov- sreign or high political power—-a quality (He differentiates between “In- and “war”) e ow o terveation™ Nicaragua has one sovereignty recog- nized by the governments of ali civilia- delay, In the interest of the best element 'ations; the United States Mavines are | not opposing but supporting that sov- the public, and that is to establish a ereign government by its awn request therefore we are not at war with Nie- will be so alert and thorough as to ! aragua: but are co-operating with the power (o the lega powers of the Nicaraguan state Sandino is murdering American eiti- zens and stealing their property. San- million rights, dollars in Nicaraguan Canal but many Americhn citisens invested thelr money in captured several of those estroved other property, has and ‘The recognized and legal government supported by Mershey, continuing his definition of e govern- | | “In considering anarchy and misrule as a ground for intervention, the view {must not be confined to the physical consequences which they may have, be- | yond the limits of the territory in which they rage. It is idle to argue in such ;auxlet“&mm:‘:,u;znzwm people look on quietly. Laws | made for men. not for creatures of 3: |imagination, and they must not create or tolerate for them situations which arz beyond endurance, we will not say {of the average human nature.” | * ¥ ® N I In 1912, while Taft was Chief Execu- |tive and Elihu Rooi was Secretary of hief | srate, the solicitor of the Department of State was called upon’to analyze the {law and Constitution bearing on this question of the di of the pow- e:s of Congress and the Presi- dent. Quoting from that brief is the iollowing (page 36): | “Inasmuch as the use in- forel countries ‘of ths military forces of t Government :or the purpose of pro- |iecting American lives and property, | therein situated, does not amount to an |act of war, nor to a declaration of war, lit is doubtful if Congress has authority | directly to control such use. The Con- |sdtution. by article 1, section 8, para- graph 11, authorizes Congress to ‘de- * It does not, so far as the | © {use the forces of the United States to | parform on foreign soil services or acts net amounting to war, t “It seems to oe a settled rule of con- | stitutional law that while the grant of one power of the Constitution carries | with it the grant of smaller powers necessary to the exercise of the greater, | it does not carry with it ‘the graat of { other smaller or inferior powers merely beceuse they are inferior. Therefore it is not belisved that Congress may. mere- Iy because it is authorized to declare war against a foreign country, be cou- E power to direct ias { President in the employment of focces |in operations not amounting to war ! against a foreign country. “It is believed to be of at least & me significance on this point e (here is not, and apparentiy never has ocen books, & Eeneral or permanent the President | from using or directing him in the u,- of the forces of the United States for | the protection of citizens abrcad. | “Moreover, so long as the Govarament | recognizes the principle under discussion as part of international law, under | which this Government conducts- ifs | foreign relations, it may be regarded as ! doubtful that Congress has the < tutional power 0 pass any such act. “Some color is lent to tlus beliel the fact that in the "ast gress it was p | control this ‘matter, no. by direct | hibifory legislation against such, { by an indirect method of stepping the pay, under the regular appropriation. of | forces of the United States while “hey by In connection with the criticism of | g "Hershey, Ph. D., professor of political | were engaged on foreign soli.” (Cone gressional Record. Sixty-second Con- gress, Second Scssion. August 14 19121 That attempted left-handed usurna- tion by the Senate of the prerogatives and dugles of the President never pass- | The solicitor of the State Department, | continuing, said “It appears unnecessary to elaberatc any argument going to ‘show that ‘he | President, as Chief Evecutive, is, undex the Constitution, primarily charzed with the conduct of our forcign rea- Legislature, there can be no unumm.il.:u\l.(n!rd to be inherent in sovereignty | tions, including the protection of the el lives and property of our eitiens abroad. save in so far as the Constitutian expressly vests a part of these functic in some other branch of the Goverus ment, for example, making of treaties. * | beginning with President Jefts | Executive has consistently (with the ex- ception already noted as to President Buchanan) declared that it possessed the right to protect with the forces of the United States the life and prope:ty of American citizens.” e e ow Justice Gray, in delivering the op! ton of the Supreme Court in the ¥ quette Habana. 173 U, S, 877-700. sald ‘International law is part of our kv nd must be ascertained avd acmon istered by the courts of jusitce of a» propriate furisdiction. (He does not sy | by wet of Congress.) Justice Gray cited a case of a Hun | garian named Kossta, who had me made his declaration of intent to o come an Amertoan, and who was hen discovered by an Austrian wérsh | ot "Nicaragua i technioally responsible [ SIYINA. aud taken prisoner to ente for peace and the protection of foreign | property, but it is unable to accord that protection, and so it offielally a o the United States for aid; our | 1s the ally of President Diaz, the legally vecognized president—the president de | He got his Ameviean and later a goid the Nicaraguan | Congress de jure and de facto military gerviee. Capt Ingraaawm eor | manding the sloop St. Lou's, dema 1s | Kosata W“muu refusal Capt. Ingraham traw s release. and upon the A od Nis guns ready to give him a broaduds Al from Congress, sad . the corres | Spondence following, from Sevretaty of State Marey, with Austria’s Mmnister [war and of intervention without war, | Hulseman, s famous i Ametioan |says: “Like war, it (intervention) is|tary. Yet the Navy had had no arders |lull\' AN exercise of soverelgn or high | from - palitioal Fover—a vight tnherent in sove up his of the |erelgnty ltself. The government which . the salleitor of the State intervenes performs a political act, “It is therefore be- 15 & high and summary which may sometimes snatoh a remedy beyond the reach of law, but whioh is usually either a justifiable exception to | ancitlary :h' .-:‘amm, overy Tule of non-in- orve or an acl upon mere power of physieal force.' Is our Intervent!an i Nicaragua the Iatter ease® Westlake, another familiar | directly and high authority on international law, | an Congress. saye! W (Conrriaht 1098 by Pawt V. Coltias) o Y