Evening Star Newspaper, March 22, 1928, Page 8

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L THE NG STAR With Sunduy Morning Kdition WASHINGTON, D THURSDAY.....March 22, 1028 <. THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editur The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business M+ L1en St and Pensyivanis Ave New Vork Offtm: 110 Eust 42m) Chicago Offive Tower Burldine Oftie: 14 Rewent St.. London England Rate by Carvier Within the City 4o per mont S0 ver mcvth a - .. B3¢ per menth The Suriay s S per Collertion made 3t tha end of sach munig: Onrders may be sent in by mail or teleph: Nain 3000 Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia Darie and Sundas .. Daity oniy & Suncas only All Other Siates and Canada. v and Suoday.) v S Da D. E 1vrl $40001 mol Sunday oniy . Member of the Associzted I'ress. The Associated Press 1= exclusively ent 10 the use for renublication of all news Patches craditsd 1o 1L o ot otherwise cred this papar and alsu the focal news hercin Al rights of publication of special dispatches herein ay The “Golden Rule” Crusade. In an endeavor t reduce the traffic accident toll of children in Washington, | The Star today announces its “Golden | Rule” safe driving campaign. During the past five y:ars ninetv-two Wesh- ington children have met death undsr the wheels of autemobiles and The Star believes that the time is ripe to drive home in an emphetic manner the | tenets of careful driving for the safety ©f children on the streets of the city. The crusade, which will cover a period of more than two weeks, is designed to embrace traffic safety in all its aspects. The “Golden Rule” siogan will be “Drive as you would have others drive THE _EVENTNG STAR. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDJ\V._‘“‘AR(:H 22. 1928, before the committee and refused mimlmun:fll if his wife could )oln hlm! | testify on the gronnd of possidble ine | on the pey roll of the Federal service. tso reserved | orimination. In November, 1924, & civi’ suit for the cancellation of the Doh=iy lease was called for trial in Los An- geles. Mr. Pall did not teke the stand In a similar trial in March, 1925, at Cheyenne, regarding th» Teapot Dome lease, Mr. Fall again failed to take the stand. In the criminal conspiracy trial of Fall and Doheny, which resulted in a verdict of acquittal, Mr. Fall again maintained silence. The Fall-Sinclair crimingal conspiracy case, started in Oc- Imber. was interrupted by jury-tamper- ing disclosures bsfore opportunity offered for the former Secretary to take | the stand 'f he had desired to do so. If now. after all these failures to tell the full story of the transactions, { Mr. Fall is willing to make unreserved i disclosures, it is to be hoped that tech- | nicalities will not stand in the way of revelation. The country is satisfied that the transactions in the oil lease | cases were tainted with corruption. The { leases have been set aside. The Su- preme Court of the United States has in the strongest terms declared them to b2 iniquitous. While perhaps no par- ticularly important revelations may come from the now discredited and perhaps the dying former Secretary. it is assuredly to be desired that the fullest ity be granted him to tell his| | A striking feature of the hearings on { the Welch bill has bsen the appearance as witnesses of numbers of members of Congress. They know the conditions. They have direct acquaintance with the circumstances of the Federal workers, many of whom are their constituents. Theyghave been besought for assistance, for help in securing promotions, for sup- have been shown statistics demonstrat- ing that the Government's ratio of com- | pensation 1s materially below that of any other large employer in this coun- try. Probably in many cases they have given financial help to tide Government workers over difficulties. In these circumstances a favorable re- port on the Welch bill is to be expected. With such a report there should be no veason for a delay of action in the House, so that the bill can go to the Senate in season for enactment at the | present session, accompanied by appro- priations adequate to put the new scale into effect at the baginning of the next fiscal year. e Insanity and Fraud. Chicago furnishes the latest instance of absurdity in the insanity defense. John Stelk is on trial for alleged fraud in certain real estate transactions and | though he imposes condi- | | tions which, in view of his persistent | | silence on former occasions, are not logically justified. is pleading insanity in extenuation. Hc | was formerly for six years a member of the banch of the Criminal Court at The day has passed. perhaps, for pros- | ecution to the end of punishment be- vond that which has already been | Chicago. At the trial the chief justice of the Municipal Court testified that during the last two years of Stelk's -, THIS AND THAT _: BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. The Court of Neighborhood Relations convened at 10 o'clock, with a full docket and a great alr of expectancy. A crowd had turned out for the first | port of legislative measures 100king 10 | session of & new experiment i % | the improvement of the pay scale. They prudence. & ik The Judge looked around him, a slow smile appearing at the corners of his fine, thin lips. He began to speak. “This court has been established,” he sald, “to consider those cases which hitherto have not been regarded as grave enough to permit judicial solu- tion. In the past it has been the cus- tom to wait until they got into the po- lice, civil or criminal courts. g “This is an era of prevention, how- ever. is placing stress upon prevention. The law, falling into line, has a solemn duty the neighbor- hood disputes which arise between fam- ilies mostly because neither party is able to see the other fellow's viewpoint. “It s the belief of the State that any unprejudiced person reviewing these petty squabbles, or mere ill feelings which have not yet risen to the dignity of a row, will be able to settle them Justly, simply by using cpmmon sense and kindness, “I am the person selected for this by no means easy ts of this court are final and will stand. Let there be no murmuring in the court. What is the first case?” ‘The Clerk solemnly read: “Mrs. Mish charges that Mrs. Tish cut down her roscvine, festooned on the clothesline Medical sclence more and more | The decisions | forced to listen to one's nsighbor's radio? Next case.” * ok w o “The Doa family charges the Roc family with putting their dogs out au midnight to indulge in a burst of bark- ing, thus waking the complainants, droned the Clerk. After listening to the case, the Judge said: “This is an extremely simple case It is immaterial to dogs whether thev are let out into the backyard at 9 am. or at midnight. It is ordered that the said dogs be put forth at the forme: hour, and not allowed out of the base- ment after 9:15 p.m. Next case.” “The. Mish family charges the Swish family with feloniously knocking down their back fence with automobile, and carefully refraining from fixing it” read the Clerk. At the termination of testimony, the Judge announced: “This s another ex tremely simple case, about which neither the court nor the participants can be in any doubt whatsoever, “It is the duty of a good neighbor, | whenever he destroys a neighbor’s | | property, either intentionally or unin- tentionally. to repair or have the same | repaired as speedily as possible. | “The Swish family is hereby ordered | to repair sald fence at once, and t> stain repaired portion the same tint as undamaged portion. Next case.” “The Hornswoggles versus the Hop- toadles,” intoned the Clerk. "It is charged by the complainants Horn- swoggle that the defendants Hoptoadie maintain a barrel of liquid sheep ma- nure under their back porch, which | practice is declared to be inartistic as well as a menace to health.” post on the party fence between the two testimony, the Judge meted out to Albert B. Fall. Let him |S¢7Vice on the bench he was “insane be given a chance to clear his con- scierrce. if he can, by unreserved state- ment, which in the circumstances is likely to be—certainly should be—the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth, | e % ; Faith in Enfranchisement. | Washingtonigns, seeking enfranchise- | and incapable of choosing between right and wrong.” The offense of which he {15 now accused is that of defrauding clients and counterfeiting public seals. | But his real estate operations, which, {1t is charged. are thus tainted with | fraud, have netted him some half mil- | lion dollars. This would not strike the average observer as particularly im- | pressive proof of insanity. If the frauds | ment through the medium of a consti- in his real estate operations brought properties.” “Case _dismissed.” announced Judge. after hearing testimony. court finds that the defendant is justi- fled in her action of cutting off a por- tion of the vine protruding on her prop- erty, since the complainant allowed the bush to grow unpruned, thus subjecting the defendant to weekly annoyance and wounds upon wash day, to wit, Monday. Next case.” the “The *xowow “Mrs. Doe complains that Mrs. Mish harbors a honeysuckle vine that has not bloomed in 5 vears, and that, what is more, it never will bloom,” read the Following | ordered: “Mr. Hoptoadle is hereby di- | rected to banish said barrel of liquid | manure to the rear of his property. and to keep same covered with a board. Next case.” oo “Gearshift versus Manifold. It 1s | charged by complainant that the de- fendant keeps his trash bag under back | porch, and that paper and other trash | is allowed to blow around the neigh- | borhood from said bag.” | " “The defendant is directed to remov. | trash bag from under porch, and keep | it in basement until arrival of trash | first: end staring next Saturday at noon a | tutional amendment which permits | him a profit of $500,000 in a few years goiden colored car will be unveiled on | Congress in its discretion to grant citi- | his choice of procedure, it would seem, the Eleventh street side of The Star | zenship to the residents of the Capital, | always erred on the side of his own Building. to be driven carefully and are greatly encouraged by the state- advantage. He may not have been courtsously throughout the city, wemgny, made before the Chamber of capable through some mental defect of emphasize the spirit of the campaign. Marcia Valli, feature motion picture | Commerce Tuesday night by Repre- fsenutl\‘e MclLeod of Michigan. He is “choosing between right and wrong," but it would appear that he always actress, will ride in the goiden car and | & member of the District committee o("chflse the wrong course that led to his will distribute pledge cards of careful ‘ the House and chairman of the judi-| OWn profit. If that is insanity there driving to men high in the official life | ciary subcommittee. He is well ac-|must be a good many crazy people at of the city and the Naticn. cards will also be obtainable in many | fully aware of the heavy handicap | parts of the city for all motorists who care 10 sign them. the Fox Theater and for a week there- after, there will be shown The Star fety film, “The Penalty.” Six Wash- children will be selected to star lesson of safety, scenes which will be taken during the early the week. The film will not be usual cut-and-dried depiction of safety, but will be a stirring, coh:r:nt pictorial essay of for care to protect the lives children. story, i g £y o s;éi s moving picture, which of a father who thought made By £E by story ; i i gs b I ! : ; Bpied .,gg i ! SETE ’ng H wvmwa.wmm; i placed upon the Capital community These | quainted with District affairs and is| Work today. .- Efforts to discourage Sinclair's race | the denial of representation in its law- | horse activities may spoil his fun a On Saturday afternoon, March 31, at | making body. In his statement before | little, while following the present gen- the Chamber of Commerce he said: heretofore concerning national repre- sentation for Wi but 1 want to state now that the sooner Washing- ton can have representatives in the House and Senate, the better off the country at large will be If and when the opportunity is to be presented to the House to vote on the proposition. I believe the majority of the members of the House will ap- prove the joint resolution. the merits of the proposition, pending in the form of a proposed constitutional , | amendment, are recognized when the question 15 studied. Indeed, it requires no deep consideration to establish the | essential justice of the plan to mm; American citizenship to those who re- side within the area set apart by the Constitution as the seat of Govern- decades to the people of Washington— an injustice that is not cured by the lapse of time. Only by a specific action, first through constitutional amendment and then by statutory enactment under its provisions, can this inequity be cor- rected. Mr. it will be approved by a majority of the members. Of course, he knows that | & two-thirds vote is requisite to effect | adoption, and presumably by “majority” he meant such a vote, which is a ma- Jority under the rules laid down by the Constitution for effecting changes in that instrument. The District has no apprehension on the score of the ade- quacy of the supporting vote when the amendment s formally lald before House and Senate for action. In the first place, the amendment is not man- datory. It simply enables Congress tn enact a lJaw at some later time which ation. It has never been beljeved that adopted 2s one of the slogans mmu-lun House and Senate would not, given raguan politics. e Fall Asks for a Hearing. ormer all he knows about the oll leases the financial complications involv. transactions is hedged about limitations and conditions which make 1t improbable thst there will be any immediate disclosures. In a tele- pam o Benator Nye, chairman of the investigating committee now sitting on the case, he notes that proceedings are Court and that & new trial i scheduled for the second of April. Physicians, however, have stated that he is physi- cally unabie W make the trip and at- tend the trial on that date. While he i) ponsiders that & court of law is the proper place for such testimony as he desizer 1o give, he is willing 10 make Jis statement in the form of & depo- sition, &nd he demurs 1 the proposs) opportunity to act, vote thus to. enlarge their own power in the direction of establishing at the seat of Government Becretary Palls offer 1o | the basic right of representation in the Legislature and of participation in the election of the national executives. ————— As & movie expert, Will Hays is en- titled to question the artistic expediency of & “cut back” 10 old campaign funds. Almost Unanimous. Notwithstanding s fantastic objec- |tion expressed yesterday before the :HML'e civil service committee on the ;Welrh bill entered by a solitary repre- sentative of the Government personnel, the prospect of the approval of that measure by the committee and by the | House, when it is favorably reported, ap- | pears 1 be excellent. The lone oppo- nent served, indeed, a valushle purpose taat the Benste commitiee vislt him for the purpose of obtaining his state- ment, aithough if that plan is pursued he prefers that SBenstor Walsh person- slly should ettend such & meeting Mr. FPall has had several opportunities 0 tell the full story of his ol lease octions snd wll the complicating cire cumstances atlending those (lrensac- Uons In October, 1923, on two suc- cessive days he sppeared before the Bensle commitiee and sought W Justify | 1o teke positions in order that their | juint salaries may suffice L maintain | all thet had ocen done in connection with the leasing of the Government's ol lands, declaring thet everything ues in this double employment i the crease in the pay scale. He pitched his witagonism o Lhe measure in terms of | | sex prejudice, Married women, he said, | should not hold public ofces | should be at home attending families, ment. | | Perhaps the strongest reason for lib- | | Jies 10 the fact that in many Lastances | both husbend end wite sre compelied home. ‘There are, perhaps, some inequi- McLeod expresses the belief that | ummnm-mmmmflui brought before the House for action | suspect. | | | | | erous inclination to save money for 1 have never made a public statement | him. R — S A Congressman'’s salary is now liberal enough to make him feel sympathetie toward other Government employes ! who work for mere wages. | a , s something of a presumption to at- |tempt a prominent public career with- tative McLeod's declaration | Ut 80 Ohio indorsement. of faith is heartening to those who | have been laboring so long for District | enfranchisement. It is an evidence that | ———ate. number of statesmen still regard ii e S — Orisis in American history arises in connection with “Teapot Dome" almost as great as that asserting itself at the | Boston “tea party." ————— Efforts to drag new names into the oil controversy emphasize the old maxim to the effect that misery loves | company. —ates It former Secretary Fall tells all he knows, he will still fall short in disclos- ing what many alertly suspieious people e sate. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Small Beginning. The man who was wondrously wise in the past Missed much that has proved so fm. portant, at last. Ben Pranklin, who brought us the spark from the sky, Was & wizard whose wisdom no one can deny. Yet the things that this park has in. spired with new life, In careless diversion or commerce strife, - Must thrill us and move us to question anew— How little you knew, Ben! you knew! How little you krew of yourself, honest friend, As your thought into matters so deep would extend; How little will correct the un-American condition | How lfttle e | prevailing in the District since its ere- T0 ey ot Tenily by- and-by, From your maxims straightforward, which none could deny! “Save up your small pennies.” We did #0. Behold The fortunes that flourish s0 vast and 80 bold! Your thought blazed the way which In faith we pursue. Yet, of problems to come, Ben, how lit- tle you knew! Following the Custom. “When are you golng o retire from politics?” “Never, answered Senator Sorghum, “I'm going to follow the usual custom and wait for the voters to put me out,” Co-ordination. We cannot work alone, however slight May seem the task, We struggle forth anew And even he who wants to start a fight Discovers he must have a pal or two, | by demonstrating that there is no sound | objection in fact o this horizontal in- '% 10 'he managers. is one that faily Jud Tunkins says a bad play, accord- | 10 please a wicked public. | eralizing the Government's pay scale | The Obsolete Barn. ‘Josh!" exclaimed Mrs. Corntossel, THeY | 1e1f your father to come here.” o the | citing his own case In argu- | “Where 15 he? Out to the barn?" “Barn, nothin’t He's got like every- hody el He don’t pay no ‘tention w nothin' ‘cept a garage or & hangar." “Priendship between nations,” sald Ml Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “would be easier to attain were it not for hatred between politicians.” Album, thet hed been done was legsl and in | same family. There may be cases where | The Family Album shows queer ways the public interest He afterward wrote 8 letter v the Benate committee re- Cgarding the loan of $100,000, giving this Wansection en espect which was|pne who needs the relinquished salary later when contrery testimony had ep- Peared corrected by him in en interview | tions! »ith Benstor Walsh &' Peim Beach one of the two, man or woman, might | Of dress, we must agree | speaks volumes for the faith of Mis. {moval of the vine. i wagon, or shortly beforehand,” directed Clerk. “It is charged that the root | the Judge. “Next case.” growth of said vine usurps land belong- “Another vine case," grinned the ing to the complainant, and prevents | Clerk; then, remembering, became sud- her from growing flowers therein. Said | denly very clerical, and spoke in a vine also is charged with being sprawly, | tremendously severe voice: “Mrs. Saw | unsightly and a menace to property, in | charges Mr. Hammer with ruthlessly that it holds water and blocks the ] pushing her vine back from his side ol afternoon sun. The removal of said | the fence into her yard." vine is asked.” | After listening to the pro and con, After hearing testimony. the Judge | the Judge announced: “Charge dis- said: “This is a difficult case that ap- |allowed. The vine is held to be a nui- | pears to allow no solution. While Mrs ' sance, most_vines are, and the de- Mish admits that the vine was planted | fendant is well within his rights in by a friend, who gave no regard to its | pushing it back to the owner. Next growth, and who cared less, she de- | case.” clares that she likes it. The fact that | “Mr. and Mrs, Wood versus Mr. and | Mrs. Doe did laboriously transplant two | Mrs. Stone. The complainants assert finely growing rosevines from her side | the defendants come out on their, the of the fence, in the hope that Mrs, |defendants’, back porch, just after the Mish would remove the honeysuckle, | complainants have gone to bed on their | the complainants’, porch. and do then and there engage in loud talk and | | Doe in human nature. This court, however, has no right to order the re- | laughter.” By the time the | The Judge ordered: “In view of the vine is 10 years old, maybe Mrs. Mish | fact that the defendants file no counter will grow tired of it herself. Next| charge sgainst the complainants, the | case.” | former are ordered to refrain from the | “Mrs. Mish charges that Mrs. Tish. | practice of annoying their neighbors, including Mr. Tish, runs the radio until | and hereafter to use the sleeping porch the station signs off. She asks tha: | for its evident purpose of a sleeping | the Tish family be required to shut off place. Next case." Lo, the set at 10 o'clock, or at least to tune “Last case, your honor,” said the | it down considerably.” | Clerk. “Mrs. Toddle charges that the After hearing testimony. the Judge | children of Mrs. Wobble do chronically ruled: “Defendant is héreby ordered to | seize toys belonging to children of the turn off radio set every night at 10 | complainant, and normally refuse to p.m. sharp, with two exceptions, to wit. ‘Ki\'f them back.” Monday and Wednesday nights, when | “Wobble children are hereby enjoined set is not to be turned on at all. This| to let toys not their own alone. and court belleves strongly that too much | parents of said Wobble kids hereby di- radio harmony makes for neighborhood | rected to make ‘em obey—if they can.” inharmony. How can one read when 'grinned the Judge. “Court dismissed.” | (Copyright. without serigus Qoenclal strain drop | But what would they whose pletures 0| out of office and make & vacancy for | gaze | Bay of these sights we see! | more urgently. But those are excep- In the main the scale i 0 low thet the average Government employe | spoke,” said Un It everyhody told the truth when he hen, “dar would b2 BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. ‘There are many scholars well versed in Greek roots who “do not know their Some there are who can construct tabulate vast statistics, but cannot frame a table, whether for dining or writing. S0 there are two kinds of edu- cation, and the advocates of one point the finger of scorn at the defenders of the other. For example. an enthusiast on voca- tional education commiserates the champlons of colieges, while pointing to the disclosure that, by the middie of the course of our institutions of classic and scientific learning, 58 per cent of the pupils have been dismissed as fallures, 35 per cent in the first year. They may even go farther, and show that only a very small per cent of the graduates of our standard institutions of learn- ing would not starve to death within the first r after achieving their sheep- skins were it not for their generous and able fathers. It is just such differences of opinion that make the hearings on the Meoges | bill (H R. 9201) so interesting. koW ‘The Menges bill provides for in- creased Federal appropriations to sup- port vocational training and rehabilita- tion among civilians. This added sup- port will be apportioned to the several | States on condition that the States un- dertake to expend an equal or grealer amount annually for the same causec It proposes an added appropriation, for’ the first fiscal year after passage of the | measure, of $500,000; the second year of $1,000,000, and thereafter adding $500,000 each year until in the eleventh year it wi eral ald and will continue at that rate permanently—8$6,000,000 & year At present the tes are recelving n total of about 64 annually r civilian vocational rehabilitation, proximately $3,000,000 a year for voca- tional trade, Industry and home eco- nomics and nvproxlml!tl{l $3,000,000 for vocational agricultural schools, to which the Menges bill will add the amounts named above. R ‘The hearings before the House com- mitlce on education were progressing with smoothness and satisfaction, untii Dr. R. C. Mann appeared—for Dr. Mann Is director of the American Coun- eil of Education, endowed by a great “foundation,” and is a high authority, therefore, upon how to train the mind In the way it should go. that Greek roots should be well fertilized | and tilled, but there are other educators who are not so conservative as Dr and who claim that white- collared graduates of higher learning are more in need of mechanical training than of the classics: also that there 18 an “aristocracy of learning' that should be met by democracy. Dr. Mann_testified before the com- mittee that he favored vocational edu- cation ar1 believed that the Menges bill_would Increase it throughout the land, but what hs objects to is the Increase of Federal ald to advance the cause. He declares that agricultural Iready getting f Pederal aid; the lon and rehabilitation lml nother $8,000,000 and child wel about $500,000, hence he opposes additional eppropriations by the central government, on the ground that the several States should provide thelr own funds for all education, The funds come from taxation in elther case. AL least he opposes Federal ald with- out & Department of Education, giving the head of It & place in the cabinet o the President, on an _equality with Labor and Commere He advocates a “gradusl withdeawal' of PFederal ald, otherwise. ‘That would Involve & with- Mann, mount to $6,000,000 of Fed- | He belleves | | agricultural schools, as well as voca- tional and home economic schools. * k% % According to the last annual report of | fonal Edu- {cation (of which board James J. | Davis, Secretary of Labor, is chairman, | and Dr. John J. Tigert, commissioner of | education, is vice chairman), the total | Pederal funds available last year for | vocational education amounted to less | than $8.000.000, while the State and |local funds added thereto exceeded | | $24.000,000. | For rehabilitation, there is a total | avatlable of $1,034,000, of which $631.- 1 316.78 comes from the States. In addi- tion 1o what is supported thus by joint Federal and State funds. many States |add other expenditures for which no | Federal aid is available. ' So the States are not shirking. oim Bl ‘The public has become familiar with rchabilication of veterans of the war who, by reason of their wounds, were | Incapacitated from carrying on the trades they had learned before the war. But the peoples are not so well ac- quainted with the similar rehabilitation applied to civillans, who by reason of Industrial accidents or other disabilities become unfitted to work at the trade they had learned, yet, if trained, might he self-supporting at some other voca- n. A violinist, well educated in music, will be utterly unable to play his violin il he loses the little finger of his left hand. But with his musical training, to which a specialized practice might be | added, -he could become leader of an orchestra. The salvage of wounded | soldiers ia no greater in percentage than that of disabled civilians. A one-armed carpenter might become a merchant, or *n bresder of live stock, if properly edu- Itnll‘d. e ‘There have been evolved In the last decade great changes in the xuyrhulo'y f training. Formerly, the classic col- contended that the essentials of ucation were embodied in “discipline of the mind into general habits of ob- servation, apperception, memory, rea- soning and judgment, for effective use in meeting every problem and every luation.” Modernists contend that “all {the habits in which the learner muat {be trained—his thinking habits, his doing habits and the habits which' en- able him to confrom to his environment must be specific in terms of the job and its demands.” (That Is quoted from “Vocational Education in a Democracy,"” {by Prosser and Allen—the latter of | whom 15 assistant director of the Fed- eral Board of Voeational Education, of | which Director Wright s head.) | The argument Is lllustrated by train- |ing & golf player—not by theorems of action and reaction and ballistics, but by giving him a stick and ball and |l¢ll.|l\| him at practice—under expert guidance, but with praciice. He plays the game while learning. “Vocational education finds It neces- |sary to dischrd any idea of training in Ithfl ‘fundamentals of thinking,' or of doing or of 'adaptation to environment,' even If It assumed that there are any tsuch things as these ‘fund = ¢+ All vocational tramning apecific In terms of the particular oe- poupation in which the individual s to be trained “The way to make a good poultry farmer,” says the book, “is to have him take care of a flock of poultry while you teach him the how and the why of the proper way to do his work. to meet the various situations that A to which he must apply skill and knowledge intelligently You will never do this as a teacher, with long courses In elther mathmaties or so- ology.” i Thore 18 sa PHILOSOPHIES BY GLENN FRANK 1 have just dipped into Odell Shep- ard's admirable volume in which he has captured “The Heart o® Thoreau’s Journals.” Thoreau was a lovable creature who racticed and preached a kind of harm- ess spiritua’ anarchy that did not up- set governments or menace property, but did succeed in dramatizing the fact that the spirit of man must be ever alert to save itself from slavery to in- stitutions it has itself created. One of the most suggestive observa- tions in the journals, under date of January 24, 1855, describes a “collec- tion of stately elms” as if they were a political party. I commend the read- ing of this entry to the leaders of both the Republican and Democratic parties as they face the coming campaign. “They battle with the tempests of a century,” says Thoreau of these stately elms. “See what scars they bear, what | limbs they lost before we were born! Yet they never adjourn: they steadily vote for their principles, and send their roots further 2nd wider from the same center. “They die at their posts, and they leave a tough butt for the choppers to cxercise themselves about, and a stump which serves for their monument. “They attend no caucus, they make no compromise, they use no policy. “Their one principle is growth. i “They combine a true radicalism with a true conservatism. “Their redicalism is not cutting away of roats, but an infinite multiplication and extension of them under all sur- rounding institutions. They take a firm- er hold on the earth that they may | rise_higher into the heavens. “Their conservetive hecart-wood, in which no sap longer flows, does not im- ~overish their growth, -but is'a firm column to support it; and when their | 570 expanding trunks no longer raquire it, | it utterly decays. “Their conservatism is a dead but solid heart-wood, which is the pivot and firm column of support to all this grnwth. appropriating nothing to itself, ut forever by its support acsisting to extend the area o1 their radicalism. “Half a century after they are dead at the core they ere preserved by rad- ical reforms. “They do not. like turn_conservative. “Their conservative part dies out their radical and growing part survivas 1Is it too much to hope that some day we may realize a more inielligent rela :lnn between conservatism cnd radical- ism? They are forever in conilict; in fact, they are co-operative forces. McClure Newspaper Syndicate.) . from radicals UNJITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten Years Ago Today. American artillery fire completely shatters enemy first and second line positions on a part of the sector east of Luneville. On sector north- | west of Toul a number of Germans desert and surrender to our men. | ‘Fed up" on the war, they admit. * * German forces continue to at- tack in great strength along almost all the battlefront in France. Make gains ' ! at several points, but at others are re- pulsed in counter attacks. Germans claim 16,000 prisoners and 200 guns captured. * * ° Marshal Haig re- ports Gernians threw about 520,000 | men into battle at the very outset, and | other divisions later. The British de- fense was splendid and the casualties, while heavy, not out of proportion to | magnitude of the battle. * ‘The Kalser, Von Hindenburg and Von Ludendorfl have gone to the western front to witness the German attack. Bulgarian and Austrian troops are now at the western front and a host of | Austrian guns are massed with the German batteries. * * * A contin- gent of 101 sick and wounded soldiers, some of whom were wounded in action against the Germans, reach base hos- pital in this country. SESAT A S ) Machines Replace Skilled Workers From the Arkansas Democrat The history of industrial development in America is made up of a series of scientific achievement, each having con- tributed to efficient production. Labor- saving devices have been among our lit- tle tin gods and we have proclaimed each as it appeared, a “boon to man- kind” or a “blessing to the consumer,” or a “great forward step.” It was early in the 80s that men be- gan to put some of the “blessings” un- der the microscope and immediately we were warned that it was not only possi- ble but highly probable that we could save “too much" labor if our boasted efficiency grew too rapidly, Those warnings were not heeded then because exploitation of our resources was trivial as compared with the mass output df farm and factory today. As each labor-saving device appeared, thereby throwing men out of jobs. other industries absorbed them, notably the building industry. Secretary of Labor Davis says® “Some of our joy over the great inventive gen- fus of our masters of mechanics has been turned to grief as we witness year- ly the growing line of job-seekers— trained men, middle-aged men of expe- rience and extraordinary qualifications —who have been forced away from their trades and vocations by labor-saving machinery. two opponents of the further develop- ment l‘r‘vm‘lllonll education have ven- tured to challenge it. One witness be. walled the idea that vocational train- ing in the schools was taking the place of the famous fundamentals, “the three R's” but that contention is met by showing that it is not adapted to &\q- mary children, where the “three R'S" are taught, but it fits the boys and girls who have been obliged to leave school after the sixth grade and go to work in order to earn their livings Most States provide part time of three or four hours a week for vocational edu- cation of those who are no longer at- tending regular schools. They also maintain night schools for adults. This takes the place left vacant the trades by the passing of old-fash- toned apprentices. Organized labor, which formerly was supposed to be op- posing _apprentices. in order to keep down the supply of skilled labor, now indorses vocational education most en- | thusiastically. The boys who finish the most thor- ough. course In the schools are not equipped immediately to be journeymen or masters, but their training s credited upon the later practical apprentice- ship. ‘It ia like the practice of medi- o, few graduates of a medical col- lege now step out of college into full- fledged practice, but they serve firat as Internes in & hospital under experienced practitione! pupll of vocational iraining as & machinist does not step into & master's x\lnve in a machine shop, but he arrives there years earlier than he could without that school training ‘The system has the advantage, too of enabling the student broadly to under- | a modern American mother has spanked | terest in her daughter's charaete and that this once-fa- | stand the various trades and select the one tor which his individual aptitude best fits him, and his teacher s o better Instructor than the average mechanie of even equal practical knowl- edge of the trade The breach between the classie col- | lege and the vocational training course orystalized fn 1917; 4t Is not & produet of the war, for it was recognlzed by | Congress months before we entered the war. The speclal importance of Fed- eral atd les In its equalising conditions of thie backward reglons, where it would be tmposstble by local, or even State taxation to support such education, with the more advanced sections of U eountry, The answers to questions printed here each day are specimens picked from the mass of inquiries handied by our great Information Bureau main- tained in Washington, D. C. This valuable service is for the free use of the public. Ask any question of fact you may want to know and you will get an immediate reply. "Vrite plainly, inclose 2 cents in stamps for return postage, and address The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Direc- tor, Washington, D. C. Q. Should letters of introduction or recommendation be sealed?—J. 1. A. It is not customary to seal them unless they are being sent by mail. Q. How can a boys' base ball team get into the competition for the junior. world series’—D. A. H. A. The junfor world series iz con- ducted by the National Americanism Commission of the American Legion. Teams of boys of amateur standing and not over 16 years of age may enter the competition. If you do not know who the athletic officer of the Ameri- can Leglon in your city or town is, write to Dan Sowers, director of the Americanism Commission, Indianapo- Iis; Ind. He will send you entry blanks | and tell you where to find the nearest Legion athletic officer. Q. Was the ukulele designed by a native of Hawali?’—L. G. A. It is not of Hawaiian origin. A ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. | more detailed action of the | taken. However, there is an a‘tach- | ment which takes slow-motion pictures ;thn is used on the regular studio or news reel cameras. Q. What are the necessary quali- fications for a visiting nurse?—A. L. R. A. In order to be a visiting nurse or health nurse, it is necessary that | the individual be a graduate of & rec- ognized school of nursing and a reg- | istered nurse. Q. How many seamen are in ‘the American merchant marine? What percentage of this number is American? | What foreign nationalities are the most | numerous?— L. L. | " A. The total number of seamen ship- ! ped and reshipped by shipping com- | missioners, eollectors of customs and American consuls during the year ended | June 30, 1927, was 296,415. Of th | tal 53.3 per cent was American. There | were 33.277 British seamen, 19.810 Ger- | man, 13920 Chinese, 13.659 Spanish— | the most numerous of alien seam Q. On what date was the most re- cent treaty hetween France and the ‘Unlmd States signed, and what does it provide?—H. 8. C. | A. The latest treaty between this | country and Prance was signed on Pebruary 6, 1928. In eral, this treaty provides that disputes arising be- | tween the two nations “shall, when ordinary diplomatic proceedings have failed and the high contracting parties white man in Hawail is said to have| designed the instrument, using the| Portuguese taro-patch violln as a 3 model. It was soon adopted by the do not have recourse to adjudication by competent tribunal, be submitted for investigation and report to the Perma- nent International Commission consti- Hawallans. Q. In endurance rides how far is a| | tuted pursuant thereto.” and. in the case of failure on the part of the aboue mentioned commission, to some higher horse glgppmd to travel each day?— ‘A The Bureau of Animal Industry | | tribunal. Why are the front wheels of auto- says that, according to endurance rides { held under the direction of a board of sponsors, made by the representatives of the various horse and jockey associ- ations, 60 miles a day is the distance permitted for five consecutive days. The maximum time permitted on any day is nine hours. The maximum time | allowed for the entire ride is 50 hours. KThe horse is usually carrying from 200 to 225 pounds. | Q. On what date did the national | debt of the United States reach its | hlgheér ple)lk. and what was the amount? | A. The national debt of the United | | States reached the highest peak in the | | history of the country on August 31, 1919, when the gross debt amounted to $26,596.000,000 (in round numbers), the net debt to $25,700,395,252.76. | Q. In tbe Southern Hemisphere does | @ cold wave blow in from the south?— | C. W. C. | A. In g-neral, it does, or, more | exactly, ficm the southwest, just as it blows from the northwest above the equator. Q. In what country is tattooing the most elaborate?—T. C. 1 A. The New Zealanders trace ar- tistic and elaborate patterns under the | skin, producing the most beautiful ef- | fects known, if the word beautiful may | be applied to the art. | Q. How far is it from St. Louis to | the Gulf of Mexico by air line and | how far by river>—N. A. A. | A. The air line distance is less than | 700 miles, but by river it is 1,276 miles. | Q. What makes a safety valve on a | steamer pop?—J. M. A. It is due to a steam pressure | in .excess of the spring pressure the valve. the name of a lake>—C. C. A Mississippi_River, the name was coined | from two Latin words—veritas, mean- | ing truth, and caput, meaning head. Q. How many ships went through the Panama Canal last year? What was the profit>—M. 8. A. For the fiscal year ending June 30, 1927, the number of ships through the Panama Canal was 5.475. 228.830. | income of the Panama Canal | taxes, licenses, fees, fines, re- | tions was $876,537 made?—N. F. A. Slow motion pictures are usually | taken by a special camera. This camera {is hand-driven and turmed by the cameraman in the same manner as a regular studio camera. It _operates at least 10 times faster than ¢he ordinary | camera and thus portrays slow and Q. What is the derivation of Ttasca, | Taken as the source of the! | in the training school of t The amount of tolls received was $24.- | In 1927 (fiscal year) the net from tolls, | postal ceipts, etc., was $15.611.094, and the | net profit on auxiliary business opera- | Q. How are slow motion pictures | Q. mobiles slightly pitched>—A. A. B A. They are so pitched to make steering easier and to avold shocks to | the steering gear. . When was the Mississippi River Commission formed?—W. C. T. A. Congress in 1879 created the Mississippt River Commission. It sits at | 8t. Louis. It is made up of Army en- gineers and civilians Q. Where is the American Legion convention to be held this Summer? A Tt will be held at San Antonis, Tex., from October 8 to 12. Q. How did the forget-me-not re« ceive its name?—R. W. M. A. Henry IV of England took th flower as his emblem. and Souviens moi (Remember me) as his motto. Th flower was soon known as the forge me-not. Q. What is meant by the expression “ Tis Lent and the flag’s down?'—P. D. A. Many years ago :heaters exhibited flags on their roofs to signify that per- formances were going on. In-Lent t were no plays, consequently no flags. Q. Please give me some information on the standard of color. height. weight. etc., for English bulldogs—W. H. A. The standard of the Bulldog Ch:b f America states that the various colors found in the English bulldog are to be preferred in the following order: Red brindle; all other brindles: solid white: solid red, fawn or fallow: pisbald: in- ferior qualities of all the foregoing. In brindles and solid colors a white patch on the chest is not considered ceter mental. Averags heights for aged in- dividuals of the breed are between 15 and 16 inches. The weight desired for mature dogs is 50 pounds and for bitches 40 pounds. Q. What is the story connectsd with the inventing of basket ball?—M. B. A. In 1891 a lecturer on psychology oung | Men's Christian Association at | field. Mass. speaking of the processes of invention. propesed t! ! ample of a game with its limitations | and The same night James | Naismith. a member of class | worked out basket ball a8 an ideal same to meet the hypothetical case, and the next day in the lecture room it was pn!!npncflcetllhme:klo!uv | members of the gymnastic class. Thencr it spread to other branches- of the Young Men's Christian Association. and in two or three years to other athletic luds and to the general public. Q. In what country was the hyacinth first grown?—N. A. A. It was found originally In G:oeece and Asia Minor. It was mot brought into western Europe until the begin- ning of the sixteenth century. Dutch horticulturists brought the hyacin'h tc its present stage of development. | Problems of the modern parent in | dealing with “flaming youth™ are seri- | ously discussed by the press in consid- | ering the case of the Kansas City mother, a former lion tamer, who was | fined and locked up by a court for spanking her 18-year-old daughter with | & coat hanger. While some observers | contend that Tm‘sm\ punishment of | hulf-grown children is futile. the rod and the coat hanger have many cham- pions. | 7 In the opinion of the Spokane Spokes- man Review, if the case is carried to the higher courts and the circumstances | are as reported, “a sound principle will ! be reairmed that will be highly edu- | cational and beneficial to the rising ! generation. On the statement of facts | gtven,” this paper adds, “any court in Christendom would emphasize as un- | reasonable, detrimental and dangerous { the doctrine ot s*vere parenta! responsi- | bility without compensating parental authority." “The matter is too delicate and ad- | mits of too many flne ramifications to be summarily stamped as right or wrong,” says the Atlanta Journal. “Per- haps the mother was excessively ses vere. perhaps the daughter was blame- less in her conduct. These are points which the court considered much more ably than we could. mains that parents everywhere stand discouraged in whatever efforts they | might pe exerting. or contemplating, | toward offsetting the undeniably fret- | ful nfluences that tear at the home The judge assured questioners that no one need fear being haled into court for ‘ordinary spanking,' but he forgot to prescribe an ordinary spanking.” The Ann Arbor Dadly News, however. feels that “the spirit of the recipient | of punishment In this Kansas City case | evidently was wrong: otherwise there | would have been no arrest and sentence. | The idea of ‘getting even' with & mother | 1s unnatural. Perhaps the sentence will do somebody good. But we have an fdea that it will be & better lesson for the daughter than for the mother™ CEEEEE | “Two facts of hime importance” are | observed by the Providence Journal to | have been entered on the record—that her daughter. | vored means of securing obadience no | longer works. It is evident.t continues | the Journal, “that the parents of this | Nation would better take up the study Jof law Immediately, so they may know exactly where they stand in the matter Lot authority, it any. And after they have learned all about simple assault with the palm of the hand, assault Twith such dangerons weapons as coat | hangers and the dangsr of taking an oEspring Acvoss thelr cheekered aprons, they would better turn aver o the YOUNGEr generation the key to the front doar, (he key to the garag® and the woy o the ALy car and gn to bad* “The Yet the fact re- | Problems of Parents Today . Raised in Kansas City Case “that reasonable punishment may be inflicted by parents or teschers. The question is where reasonable discipline or measures to maintain diseipline and where cruelty begins. An old-fash foned spanking rarely gets the spanke into court, but a beating is just as un- lawful as it ever was™ “The girl in the case,” states the Min- neapolis Tribune, “may have been cumulatively provocative as a chronic rebel against parental authority. On that phase we are not informed. but. whatever the record. physical ern taboo and not to be tolerated.™ B: Terre Haute Star feels that “it trifle difficult to determine which part; is the heroine—the mother who has a tempted to restore the obsolete majesty of parental authority or the daughter who has succeeded In upholding the nrerogatives of ‘faming youth.'“ The New London Day advises that “if the coming generation turns out to be pretty decent. even if it hasa't been beaten into decancy. why. then, lets arrest all our Mrs. Woodsides. v owow Observing later evidence of peace bee tween mother angd daughter, the Kansas City Post declares: “ ‘Meddlesame Ma:- Ues' who have bothered their with the Woodside case, and who e may have dabhled a Dit in the aft of the troubled family, may regret th Joyous reunton of mother and daughte and that they must look elsewhore @ opportunity to take part in othr folks business, but the community will | giad the differences are adjusted | Wichita Beacon holds that | cases of deliberate ery | fashioned enough to be | the world should refras g With parental disc Anniston Star concludes that | not necessarily a case for the eou ‘hll\\flr." although that paper ton that “a decision agamst the gt court might have started her to thi g and had a wholesome effeet.™ “IU I8 easy to find greater respect fu ek & mother™ suggests the Qrand | Rapids Press. “than for ane who pavs DO Attention to the whereabouls of daughter. in the family motor ear o somebody elsey: who shows -uuh‘m o its, edusation and Wterests, R lets Der grow as uncontrolled as & tumdles weed ar & Topay. Which i fundamens tally more brutal-—the latter type of mother ar the lan-tamer variety*" The Waterbury Republican holds that 18 does not appear that the case con- tribites much 10 & salution of parents' problems.” but that “if an ng, Almply points to the futility owrparal Punishment for ehildren of high sehoo! age Be the ‘spanking” light ar severe it does not wark with after they reach an age at whioh (hemselves grown wp. for sontment af the ‘msult’ drowus alt ather muu‘q: Parenis of aldor w I February, 1924, Mr Fall sppeared would be no lvu*thnn comlortably cir- & lMAg more silence,” drawal of government support of local' ssnse’ in this o (Comuieht 1098 Wy Pagl V. Collina) A o eommon ‘rx‘fu lw only nl\:’:: ES

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