Evening Star Newspaper, December 26, 1927, Page 4

INDIAN PROBLEM STUDY IS FINISHED Institute of Government Re- search Completes Probe of Tribes’ Conditions. An extensive study of the entire In- dian problem of the country, which wll be most helpful to the Govern- ment in bettering the condition of its Indian wards, has just been completed by the Institute of Government Re- search. At the request of Secretary of the Interior Work. the institute organized a staff of specialists, who spent more than six months in visiting and re- porting on problems as they found them among every Indian tribe in the United States. This exhaustive study. soon to be published, will be utilized hy Secretary Work to aid the Govern- . W. J. Spillma cialist of the Departmen As R vas one of those sent out by the and made a special study of v roblems of the In his investiza- six months ing observations of the Indi ner and a rancher, and dis their problems with the best informed men in the fleld service of the Bureau of Indian in the fleld, in a Georgetown of Foreign Service, where he is a mem ber of the faculty, Dr. Spillman pro- nced it as his on that the ‘most helpful move now goinsg | he i is what is known as the fiv, ar ind al gram,” which originated on the Black- feet Reservation in Montana and is spreading rapidly to other tribes. Dr. Spillman illustrated his lecture with motion pictures showing _contrasts ranging from the oil-enriched Osage Indians of Oklahoma, whom he char- acterized as the wealthiest group in the world. to the less fortunate tribes of tte far West and Southwest. Through this so-called ‘“five-year * Dr. Spillman declared the poorer class of Indians, depending upon their plots of ground for a liveli- hood, rapidly are becoming economi- «ally dependent. White Men’s Dog Team Wins Race From Shore to lce-Locked Vessel. Radio Brings Cargls From United States—Tribe Given Presents. Indians and Eskimos of the Far North urday with _members of the Ratoson MacMiilan Arctic Expedition of he Field Museum of Chicago, in iAe ob. servance of the whife man's Christmas the Winter headguarters of ihe expe- n in Anataiok L.ab- BOWDOIN HARBOR, Labrador, December 24.—By wireless to the Assoclated Press, through Radio Sta- tion WNP).—Eight Nascopi Indlans from the interlor of Labrador and a family of Eskimos were here to spend Christmas with us at the head- quarters of the Rawson-MacMillan Arctic Expedition of the Fileld { Museum The Christmas festivities opened Saturday. We began them in the morning by giving our guests a ride in a snowmobile (a motor-propelled ve- hicle equipped with runners or skis). Naturally, they are astonished that the white man's sled goes without 1 dogs and can pull their loaded sledges {through the snow at a epeed of 15 or miles an hour. They all wish to trade their furs for automobiles as they have for motorboats. Listen to Radio. Civilization and the white man's luxuries are rapidly coming north- ward. Last night they gathered around the radio and listened to music and the white man's voice and even heard Santa Claus talking down in the United States. Saturday, after cutting five cords of wood for our big open fireplace, we had our Christmas day sports. It has been a great day, rather warm— only 7 below the freezing point and looking like snow. At night we had our Christmas tree, a beautiful Labrador fir—in the center of our big living room in front of a blazing log fire. When we turned on the electric switch, the Eskimos and Indians marveled over the beauty of the colored elec- tric lights and the muititude of pres- Adds to Crop List. The first vear of the program has 5 beginning with a garden and stock to meet family needs throughout the whole year. From year to year, the Indian adds various crops to his gar- den and pigs, chickens and sheep to his stock, until the operations are made a profitable business. At the end of five vears a new program on a more extensive scale is started. Many Become Independent. In this way, Dr. Spillman declared, many Indians, formerly poverty- stricken, are now large ranch own- ers and truck farmers and their economic problems have been solved. One of the chief problems in deal- ing with the Indians, Dr. Spillman pointed out, is to change the tradi- tional view held by them that man- ual labor was beneath the dignity of a “brave.” “The Indian is not lazy,” he said, “but in the old time his business was bunting and fighting to protect the interests of the tribe. Farming and the care of livestock, except horses and cattle, were woman’s work. In educating the Indian, it is necessary to get that notion omt of his head and get him to do a woman's work. It is just a question of educating an Indian as to what is man's and what woman's work.” Many of the wezlthy Osage In- dians, with incomes of $12,000 and more a month from their ofl lands, are being fleeced unmereifully by ‘sharks’ whose business it is to sep- arate them from their wealth, Dr. Spillman sald, and the only way to escape those who prey upon them was {luustrated by the following an- ecdote: One notoriously wealthy Osage would ride his limousine to the super- intendent’s headquarters on the reser- vation each day and remain until late in the evening, lounging about the porch. When ked why he seemed to prefer the “office” to his comfortzble stone town house, this Indian repiied: “When I am at the reservation there is not a gang of buzzarde elways around me trying to get my money.” New Car Each Month. The average life of an automobile in the hands of an Osage Indian is one month, Dr. Spiliman declared. He buys & new car each month, drives it almost to death and then nks’ it for another new one of expensive make. This heips solve for the wealthy ciass. he explaine he prob- lem of getting rid of his excess bank | besides affording a in the automotive industry, Of al] the Indian tribes in the United tates, the Fimas of Arizona are per- haps the most peace loving, Dr. Spill. n w4 the Georgetown students. “boom* often her In- been tarmers havin ¥ith us agains They have ! years wettiers far. rewzsrded the In Ity in earlier days Dr. Spillman explained, by taking the water out of 1 1 1 m lood wa e for erop ® have 1ed ng rios. e Indiane “but the Governm o it the Coolidie 1o Ariz Wher 1t s * water to ir it in now bu volr et Ban Ci for the benefit of “q they ample te their farms.” PARIS VOGUE.OF VELVET IS FALLING FROM FAVOR Women Veto Btyle Advanced by Dressmakers—Most Popular in Evening Wraps uted Press ulwnys hold the power of Ve, where fashion 16 con cerned Thelr lack of enhustasm ove werepled 1ng the fuinic That velvet Al the fmportant hou velvet &nd many of women of Vo SIOLE TR W evening, 1 pn veluure sre the suteble choice Chrez i dresson of velvel are per ape e ond fewt runner in the velour field. The return of fornial afternoon Oresses for bridge wnd tea wear makes & “hest dress” agsin reality end meny times velvel is the ents hanging from the boughs and concealed among the branches. There were knives, hatchets, caps, clothing, tobacco and pipes for th men and needles, thread, thimbles, ribbons and soap for the women, and candy, toys and dolls for the chil- dren. When it was over and all of my men had unpacked their Christ- mas boxes from home, we sat in front of the fireplace and popped corn and listened to Christmas carols over the radio from several big sta- tions at home. We can nearly al- ways depend on WBZ in_ Boston, WEAF in New York and WGY in Schenectady. We wish they could know how much pleasure we are get- ting by hearing voices and music from home, Yesterday we had our Christmas GOLD LIRA RULING KNOWN ONLY TO FIVE Mussolini Kept Becret Closely. Change Has Aided Italian Credit Is Claim. By the Associated Press. ROME, December 26.—Only five per- sons out of the 42,000,000 population of Italy were in the secret as long as two months ago that Premier Musso- lin{ had fixed a date for the return of the lira to the gold basis, it is assert- ed in Foglio D'Ordini, the Fascist of- ficial organ. The paper, in a review of the firm two months of the year six in the ascist calendar, says that the sign- g of the treaty with Albania gave peace to the Adriatic and security to Albania, while the reform of the lira was fundamental for the liberty and the security of Italy and the economic world at home and abroad. The fact that numerous congratula- tions have been received from the Anglo-Saxon banking world is cited as showing the manner in which Fas cism has rehabllitated Italy in the | eyes of foreigners. { Foglio D1 Ordini also cites other achievements of the Fascist regime, tells how discipline kept the party united through the expulsion of those not living up to its tenets and shows how few times the council of ministers has been called during the past five years and then only for the most im portant questions. —_— GETS 211-YEAR TERM. Berlin Prisoner Claims Record for | Longest SBentence. Correspondencs of the Associated Press ERLIN—The record prison wen % here—211 years—is held by Herr hmann, 37, and a vaudeville artist before he became a firststory man Iecently he was released from his cell to uppear again before the local court | on_another robbery charge. The theft In question was in 1921 prisoner couldn’t remember it for iad committed wome 600 robberie up 1o that time for which he had r. wived wentences totaling 208 years. Under the law, the judge might have given Buchmann 15 yenrs for the rol, bery. But he decided three years was enough 1o 544 1o the 208. Buchmann 150K the thres years as a joke, | | T h It is not necessary to have had an Ac- count at this Bank to Borrow, 1 i | Ea- to a Monthly l:»-fli $45.00 , $1,200 $100.00 THE MORRIS PLAN BANK Unter Bupsrvision U. 8. Tressuwry cholee for this gowWn, O A movement has heen started fi, the Philippines for letting down the bare 'Y 1408 H STREET, N, W, THE EVENING ESKIMOS JOIN MACMILLAN PARTY FOR CHRISTMAS FETE LIEUT. COMDR. church service, led by our botanist, Charles Sewall of Wiscasset, Me., who conducts our Episcopal service every Sunday night. The Indians, whose snowshoes are 20 inches and two feet wide, are rather slow walkers in competition with our men who wear a snowshoe 48 by 12 and bullt more for speed. There was a rifle shooting contest and this event aroused the most in- terest. All the men have excellent rifles and some are very good shots. The Eskimos had rather poor scores. Only one Indian shot in the contest and he had next to the lowest score. As usual, my dog driver and inter- preter, Abe Bromfield, won first prize, a three-foot brass telescope. Vorce was second and John Jaynes of Som- erville, Mass., and Arthur Rueckert of the Field Museum tied for third. TLate in the afternoon Martin Vorce, our cook, of Northfield, Mass., brought on the Christmas dinner. What a dinner! A real stuffed turkey from Leominster, Mas tomato bisque, cranberry sauce, t potatoes, peas, asparag! plu pudding, brandy sauce, mince pie, cheese, candy, cigars and coffee, and music from the pho- nograph and radio. The first event on Saturday's sports program was a dog team race between the Field Museum team of five big black and white dogs, driven by Abram Bromfield. and a small, rather snappy team of grays driven by Eliase Aggek, an Eskimo. Dog Teams in Race. After several spirited free-for-all fights and with much snapping, they started for the Bowdoin, whieh is frozen in the harbor ice. She was the stake boat, s0 to speak, and the turn for home. They rounded under the stern of the ship together. As they straighttned out for the run home the Eskimo team overtook our dogs and a free-for-all fight again started. It was repeated several times before the doge reached the finish line, ours in the lead by 10 yards. There was a ski race between Novio Bertrand, our taxiderist from Provi. dence, R. 1., and Frank Henderson of Provincetown, which Bertrand won, but Henderson turned the tables in the snowshoe race. SEEKS PRIMARY LAW. Gov. Small to Call Ohio Legisla- ture in Special Session. KANKAKEE, I1l, December 28 (). Gov. Len Small Saturday said he prob- ably would call a special session of the State Legislature on or abouut Janu- ary 12 to work out a new State pri- mary election law. Gov. Small sald a special legislative session seemed imperative in view of today’s statement by Circuit Court Judge Harry Fisher of Chicago that he would back up his decision holding the 1927 primary act unconstitutional by issuing an injunction restraining Cook County officlals from holding elections under the present law. French En;ny Is Chosen. PARIS, December 26 (#).—It was confirmed in official circles yesterday that M. de Jean, undersecretary for American affairs at the French for- eign office, will be named French Am- bassador to Brazil on Jan 1. [HPAIR Semi-Annual Clearance Sale Entire Collection of Autumn and Winter Fashions AT EXTREME REDUCTIONS The Most Important Sale Of The Season For Those Who Know And Appreciate The Worthwhile Values Always Offered In This Event. DRESSES SPORTS & AFTERNOON DRESSES Originally Now 49.60 to 59.50 66.00 to 85.00 89.00 to 98.00 et SO S AFTERNOON GOWNS Originally 89.50. NOW 65.00 Originally fifil‘o 125 to 149. EVENING GOWNS Originally 69.50 to 110. N Originally 85 to 98. NOW 65.00 and 75.00 Originally 136 to 166. NOW 98.00 i COATS SPORTS COATS Originally 85 to 165; all fur-trimmed. NOW 55.00 S A SPORTS COATS Originally 110 to 176; all fur-trimmed. NOW 85.00 e — DRESS COATS Originally 116 to 195. Orlginally 165 to 206, Ity materials, luxurlously the finest furs, Russian Ermine, ing. In’lud. NOW 85.00 S b DRESS COATS NOW 125.00 R, Every Fur Coat reduced—Caracul Nutria, Krimmer, Sports and Novelty Furs unsurpassed In quality of pelts, workmanship and styl- Your inspection and comparison STAR, WASHINGTON, REPARATIONSISSE BOLS P N EUROE Gilbert’s Proposal Also Re- news Question of U. S. Relations to Debts.. BY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER. PARIS, December 26.—Various re- cent events once more have brought into the foreground the question of the relations of the United States with Europe. S. Parker Gilbert, the American agent general for reparations pay- ments, has expressed what is probably the American official viewpoint—that the total of German reparations should be fixed—that is to say, lower- ed to a more plausible figure—and that forelgn financial control over Germany should be removed. Discussion of the Levinson plan for a general financial settlement based on an international loan of six bil- lion dollars has emphasized the re- lation of war debts and reparations. Submission to France by the State Department of the unpublished draft of a new arbitration treaty, with a preamble decrying war as an instru- ment of policy, revives the issue of the attitude of the United States to- ward the European peace movement. Tendency to Unite. ‘While European countries have not agreed among themselves, there 1s no doubt that since the war they have been tending toward a common attl- tude toward the United States, just as the United States has heen tending more and more toward the view of Europe as a whole. Politically Europe still is divided, but economically it is groping slowly toward a new unity. Against Europe, with its impover- ished population of 475,000,000, some statesmen tend to balance the United States, which In area is nearly equal, but which has only 110,000,000 people and a wealth and power perhaps un- equaled in history. Following the World War, these two principal groups of the great white race have drifted sulkily apart. Each group has succeeded in thoroughly misunder- standing the other’s motives. To America, the Europeans appear incorrigibly belligerent, petty, in- triguing and greedy, while the popular mind of Europe caricatures the United States as arrogant, sermon- izing, tightflsted, imperialistic and hypocritical. America’s disgust with the post-war European scene was 0 profound that we rejected the treaty of Versailles, refused to join the League of Nations and would have gone our oWwn way in blissful isola- tion Indefinitely had this been mate- rially possible. Isolation Bad for All Europe, being in vital need of our money and certaln of our products, was unable to ignore us, but has been bitterly resentful at having contin- ually to accept our terms as the price of our co-operation. Anti-American feeling, though, still latent in Great Britain and perhaps also in France, has largely died down. But it is a fact that two years ago all Europe began suddenly to think of ways and means of subsisting without American aid of any sort. This scheme failed for the same reason that our own isolation schemes failed—because the two con- tinents need each other economically and, moreover, are bound by tles of tradition, race and culture far stronger than is commonly realized. Most statesmen on both sides of the Atlantic now realize that, while Eu- rope and America may in some re- spects be rivals, the prosperity of the one is necessary to continued pros- perity of the other. Ideallsm seems to have vanished from the picture. If we see little idealism in operation in European politics, neither do the Euro- peans see any idealism in our policles in Latin America, Europe and Asia, The problem has become one of ad- justing common political, financial and commercial interests. We want Eu- rope to cease squabbling, balance its budgets, get ourrencies on a gold basis, reduce armaments, pay debts and buy goods. Europe wants us to lend money, make easy financial set- tlements, lower tariffs and co-operate in peace plans which will render re- duction of armaments feasible. Commerclally, the tariff questions on both sides of the Al tic still pre- S N — Every coat is tailored in the typiecally fine Pasternak manner, of the best qual- trimmed with duced. NA uT_ Ave~ A Special Group of DRESSES NOW 25.00 Prminieridy Higher-Priced Gowns Radically Re- > Three-Plece Costume Suits all marked far below normal for quick disposal. *> WINTER 10,00 and 15.00 Early $electiom Are Most Advantagequs D. C, sent tremendous difficulties. Finan- clally, Europe, thanks to lazge Amer- ican loans, is being rehabilitated. Budgets are being balanced and cur- rencles stabilized. But, whereas the United States is enjoying enormous prosperity, practically all of Europe still is crushed by tremendous taxes, with no relief in sight. It is for this reason that all European countrics concerned are convinced the present war debt and reparations arrange- ments cannot long continue. . They consider it merely a question of time before the United States, in its own Interest, will take the Initiative in pro- voking a general settlement in which a large part of the war debts and rep- arations will simply be written off. The Gilbert report and the Levinson plan are viewed as symptomatle. Politically, while France and Great Britain both deeply regret the Amer- fcan refusal to join them in a com- mon effort to endeavor by some means to restore order in China, it is gen- erally felt that the co-operation of the United States with the League of Nations, as now conducted, Is adequate for more purposes. There remains, however, one big tssue—disarmament. We say, “disarm and peace will follow.” The majority of Europeans, after a long study of this question, fear to follow this method because of the multiplicity of open frontiers. Their researches have led them to the conclusion that the only way to disarmament Is through a series of arbitration and security pacts. Such pacts, of which Locarno may be taken as typical, are continually under discussion, but some interested nations are holding back for fear of the United States. There is a genuine fear that Euro- pean nations engaged In common action against an aggressor as defined by the league might run afoul of America’s conception of neutrality. We might, they think, supply arms to the aggressor for purely commer- clal reasons, and break down- their blockades in the name of neutral rights. But the United States today is so strong that there is not even the pos- sibllity of a European coalition which would be willing to face trouble with us. This is the underlying motive of Foreign Minister Briand's proposal for a treaty between France and the United States outlawing war. It is the reason why Europe's leading veace advocates are trying to find a way of persuading us to make a formal declaration that we will ab- stain from supplylng any aggressor designated under existing peace pacts W arms. ROBBER BEATS WOMAN WHOSE PURSE IS EMPTY Hold-Up Man The Grabs Pack- ages to Find Only Flowers. * Arrest Made. Miss Elsie Shannon of 607 Butter- nut street was held up and robbed of Christmas packages early last evening by a colored man, several squares from a car stop at Walter Reed Hos- pital, she told police. The young woman was followed by the man, she stated, he having board- ed the car when she did at Ninth and O streets. The man, who had followed her from the car, placed his hand over her mouth and demanded money. She told him she had none. Thereupon he knocked her down and took her pack- ages, which contalned cut flowers. ‘The man ran off. Reaching her home, Miss Shannon reported the attack to her father and brother who took her in an automobile to search for the man. At the place where Miss Shannon had alighted from the car they found a colored man who answered the description of the assail- ant. He boarded a street car and the father also got abord. When the car reached Brightwood he called a police- man who arrested the man. He told the police he had been at Siiver Spring, Md., and visited an acquaint- ance, but the latter, according to the police, said he had not seen the man last night, Police are holding the prisoner for a further investigation, —_— COOK’S JOB AVAILABLE. Commission to Hold Examination to Fill Vacancy. The Civil Service Commission has announced that it will receive appli- cations until January 10 to flll a va. cancy in the position of cook in the House of Detentlon, at $1,140. Competitors will be rated on thelr physical ability and training and ex- perience. Full information and application blanks may be obtained from the United fiu!'lfl Civil Service Com- 85.00 and 45.00 39.50 and 49.50 59.50 and 69.50 oW 89.50 S OW 49.50 MONDAY, DECEMBER The Time Has come The Hahn Shoe Stores are ready to put into effect, finally, a plan that has been in the making forseveral years. A great Sale will make way for it. The Sale starts | in six Hahn Stores Wednesday Wanted - . Mormng 50 extra Sales- people for this e HATS sale. See Gil- bert Hahn, 7th and K NW, Tuesday morning. Be sure to read tomorrow’s papers about the Sale