Evening Star Newspaper, December 25, 1927, Page 15

- IDEAL EDUCATION SYSTEM GOAL OF NEW RESEARCH Teachiug Students How to Live and How to Earn Living-Given Impetus By World War Data RY. ohjectives of | how to learning of mo very BY THOMAS R, W HERE are two education—learning earn a living and how to live In most school systems, pub- and private. the two ave tanzied | inextricably A man may be an excellent carpeir 2 but a bad citizen. Or he may be a very citizen and a very had care penter 1t is feome a mere side Rreat nnportance, Skill in alm any trade could e taught reasonably bright pupils to perfection in two or three vears, a great burden taken from the shoul- ders of pare and the carning power of the students considerably line, W solution, of course, is_ab- surd and not to be thought of. The schools must remain fundamentally institutions for the promotion of 'y and character solution, however, is being worked out, based somewhat on experience of the Army during World War. This great human oratory conducted research of. fur timable value in the various socl sciences which may_justify no sm part of the cost of the war. Cer tainly it would be impossible to re- ) this research without another war, hat he the fact of 1 the civie mat Tove Ader ispiving a i qualitics he bhoard saw the lab- w flairs and an an deesn't vhether he For al be woodshed wite, forse his taxes— saw a His nex may Sunday i refuse same door ne lay drunk ir Method Will Be Improved. There will be some refinement the Army method, but it the Lasic principles. Here was approx- imately the ide: The Division was 2o overseas in a couple of One hundred blacksmiths we «d to compiete the personnel. were not to be found. be had. insisted mander. So the Army make 100 biacksmiths trained personnel Now, the Army officers, like schicol teachers, had only vague ideas of what a blacksmith must know. They, you see, earned their living at a different trade. But they studied and analyzed the problem. The result was they found a blacksmith along nd m i i s slated to ths. eod hey What Each Accomplishes. ngs r 1 is often out ind s able by the strict Both men es as ¢ penters. The f 2 job, gets poor vaintain his ¥ ©st_economy. The second pay out ot set Jways can find work at o when he wants it and never for his bootlegger ting for h whenever he is let o happens to be in a & wife can buy good ck ldror ve plenty of ) un- he his ok money e reason huilding contractor hir o saw boards and not to nfluence in society. He pays ding churches, not ng Sabbath school classes after they are built. One of these mer earn a living The other has that sust know well only a few outstand ng things that other people—the Kaiser or Gen. Pershing, for stance—didn't know, The blacksmith, they found, know how to do B, C Any man, they said, who can do well A, B, C.and D is a competent Army blacksmith. He doesn’t have to know 1¢ about the science of metal more than a soldier in the rear rank of a squad has to know nything about major tactics. He doesn’t need to know how to ! write or spell. Taught in Limited Time. they wurse, that a carpenter a rood wages must The education of cach has been de- ficie In each ca only one of the | o fundamental objectives has been ined. The 1 en has been No Clear-Cut Program. of the first ther realization ou system which edu- | s to earn his i the case was no clear-cut part of the schoc cated him that he i s a carpenter and that his suc- ess depended on t kili with which be could do certain definite, mechan- cal things—such sawing boards and driving nails. In the case of the second man there was a clear-cut realization in the edu- jonai stem which turned him —trade school, apprenticeship or wh ever it was—of just what he mus w earn a living Unfortunately was interested only in producing the arpenter. not the man Both systems blundered, more or S0 set out deliberately to ing more—in a very limited time. Schools were established for that defi- | nite purpose. These schools had no |cultural value whatever. They sim | ply_made blacksmiths The experiment worked. Fairly competent mechanics were turned out—men who actually could get jobs as blacksmiths after their military career was over. After all, learning the handful of definite things which a blacksmith must know—and the knowing of which differentiates him from all other men—is not so difficult in a loss. Is there some way to untangle | of concentrated teaching. iwo fundamental objectives so | Learning to read is quite a different that education will be something less | thing from learning to fashion a of a tlundering process? An answer | horseshoe — quite different and far o this question is the object of a joint | harder. Few persons realize in later research being conducted by ~the {life what a tremendous mental task ‘American Council on Education and | they have accomplished in learning the educational committee of the 'to read. Probably the mastery of ited States Chamber of Commerce. The problems is attended by many | complications, because it strikes roots of most educational systems. | e somewhat incongruous product of | wience and tradition Fortune Telling Inadequate. of course, need not They may be adver- iising salesmen, bank clerks, land- scape painters, blacksmiths or bar bers. Such examples not infrequent- 1y are met with in every walk of life. One great difficulty in arriving at a isfactory solution is that fortune is such a woefully impossible as alphabet is no harder than this intel lectual task accomplished by almost every child in the public schoois. If a child can be taught to read in three years, certainly he ought to master the far simpler principles of |any of the trades by which men carn | wakes in three months. Produced Competent Me In working out this idea the Ar produced competent telegraph op- erators, for instance. out of inexperi- enced men fn five months. In as | tonishingly short periode of time it produced to order carpenters, black smiths, gun mechanics, cooks, bakers {and a long list of other skilled trades. | | out just what was required—nothing |more and nothing less—and then | teaching it as intensively as possible |under the circumstances. |, AN this was back in 191§—almost in the Dark Ages. Evervthing was | experimental. Th methods were crude. They were adopted and car ried out in @ hurry—for Ludendorf was getting nearer to Pari® all the |time and days were too precious !t | waste waiting to pollsh off black- | smiths and breadmukers The 1wo co-operating | American Ccuncil on Education and the United States Chamber of Com- | merce—are trying 1o salvage this war experience and to extend it. They are secking to get an exact state- ment of the qualifications for the various trades and jobs by which {men and women esrn lvings, at must o street sweeper 1o do? Just what must a traffic manager {of w Lig cxporting house know what o do? Just how much can be taught | enable o person to do these necessary things. Will Write Sy It s planned to get Lok down in black and white. Then there would be no need for a boy or girl not 1o know one or two definite ways of earning @ lving The application stll s indefinite. The committes on education of United Rtates Chamber of Comr hat adopted the plan of workin, lucal chumbers in a w ecommunities vy make local business firms and local schools mutually more helptul 1o each other, When the detaily of operation have been worked out u few cames, other communitic be encouraged 1o similar action the community f» a small city primary industry s shoe manufacturing ity per cent of the praduates of the public schools will et Jobs bn one of the shoe factories Wt should th not know, when Lhe Jeave school, certain definite of shoemaking which will them to step tito the factory o skilifully from the first cilieations, it ve i particular Choln extablished the |themmelves. In wany s kely, men Al Uhelr onn Jub without ever Knowing Just whut they sre trylng to do or et the detalls nre They stnply do Whings sutomatically, When 16 nnnly thelr own ol Aown on paper Just what " noordey hold it furnbsted o vilun of dufarmation for others bt siified thelr own objectiven Firms Alding o Tash, b specification data " in I bulk, will suswer u very Jprtant question, Just whit fs (he work of the world? Tust whot wre you doing that © can't o7 Just how Vinuck training would 1 require to do | the wamne thing you are doing? | Among the fiems cooperating (hin work 18 the American Telephone s Telegraph Coo They huve mpde | specitieations for certutn of helr Jobw 1 whieh et ynoduis, They el culie epliver for rocach The two men, I carpenters. “John Johnson attends the pul <choots until he is 16. Then he leaves ud goes to work as an auto mechanic ind continues in this vocation for the yext 20 years of his life. At the time e quits school he has been learning Fings for approximately 10 years— ow to read, write, spell, figure, etc. ull are quite essential things to # regards his status as a citi- n of his own community and of th merican Repubiic Sut the: re not rrades by the exerc of which John Tohnse can earn n There is ) longer any emp ent for readers fters and spelle purely as such. enturies after the of the Roman empire and yield zood ' 10 ompetent Journeymen— ather better masons. But the centuries ing= John Jok ¥ particy echant ” Sfoyh'l)'Au‘ ghten bolts wfliclentl nd « crd or the dire Standards But of this ability in ard workm chanic ine gencies—the 19 cxxential A 18 of s an auto s hi alue o b the other b erate but st A werape = Jearn nd, be may | iw able 1o carbon more than He e Bureau of t nothing xeept in the i acauir fications. the specitica- Behoo— cxpericn s sehool ¥ 0 Jike: ix COn ) helpl Leaving Sehwol Equipped K—1o dc 7 1o in| a o oBu o nave Kb vould enrr # an auty mechs collexe 11 wen known Jonn dobnsor in after e wr her ok in will which th s edueation 1hi would b ] hitle . in Il b wonk he expuect e in ndustrien coses, il work stop knovn " bl el i et sch nt 1 L " Lo oW 'K s @ lviny Parning 1ay Tha 10 i " sdar y 1hie cducation vy nnd Now, earping u 't 1 sl is, 11 i fguortan of 1w 1) of "t fart ' arted on it 1 he s ek 2 g 2 st whieh hs e man ks dy fin sl cllyuly nuk il e ceoun v thie 1 of ity ped il Duitel cun ' u cabie syl o Ve Phe i could 1 1w Ay at un Tl aten e Jenipiin an't hold wpbeer's help, Y bl ' can whis " cun't ‘ o Jcidiiie pulcs, place eyl teach men 10 do these things—noth- | | When peace came at the | | should be tried be contained | SF Thev must |0 Athens and the the divigion com-| inspi to | acu | duced to cast in her lot with Athe the | One { | tile camps. and D | | League of higher mathematics or of the Chinese | | | | | | i | | larger, than any be more than 1 | | | | i {would In Tives | just | n | | It all was accomplished by finding | With I SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, The Story of Civilization Note—In the sixteenth installment of nig Story of . Civilization.” to be pub- lshed hext” Sundas. D Dirant will o' The Decling of Athens. Avistophanes and the Peloponnesian War. year 432 B.C. Athens and Sparta plunged into that bitter Peloponnesian War which is the ancient analogue of the recent struzgle between England and ormany. For 30 years this strife of ain and Abel continued, ravaging Athens with siege an? plague and draining the life blood of Sparta. ast all Greece < ripe for Alexander's conquest. tranze to it was the polic the ranny of Athens over her her sequestration (as they considered 1) of the confederacy’s funds, her repeated interference with their autonomy, her collection of the Delian tribute’ by force, her demamd that all disputes within the league ore Athenian juri gainst her a smoldering watched resentfully for had roused anger that vengeance Seeretly some members of the con federacy approached Sparta and in-| quired undgr what conditions they might be Imitted to her rival alli-| ance, th Peloponnesian League. rta leaped at the chance and of- fered them liberal terms: here was her opportunity to put an end to the mercantile supremacy of Athens. “Th: real canse of the Peloponnesian W; ways Thuevdides, “was ‘ormally kept out of sight—the growth of the power 'm which this red in Sparta. Corinth and Syr » were brought into the Pelopon: League und Corcyra was in- took his place as commander of the fleet, vefrained from battle for a month hecause of the evil omen of a lunar eclipse, and then was utterly destroyed. Now the leadership of Athens fell into the hands of an incompetent democracy manipulated by middle class politicians, and the Assembly proceeded to prove that Macaulay was vight when he said that a_war can- ot be conducted by a_debating so- ciety. The excited Ecclesia dccreed, and carried out, the execution of six generals (including a son of Pericles) because, though they had won a naval victory at Arginusae, they had fafled, in the storm that followed, to rescue Athenian survivors clinging to the wreckage of their ships. We hov seen its quick brutality and vacillating repeal of its decrees in the matter of Mitylene, and wo have heard the Athenfan threat to Melos when the island proved loath to enter the war. Even the new leader of the democratic party, Cleon, saw the conclusion: *“A democracy,” he sald, “is incapable of nesian one the states of Greece took iged themselves in h The great war of the an- cient world was on * K by arms and ra 1t dragwed along, with interruptions, for more than a generation. Almost at the beginning, because refugees flock- to Athens and found inadequate ng there, plague hroke out in the nd took victims by the thou sand. Pericles lost a son ta it, and then, weakened with grixf and hi failure to preserve peace, he himeelf succumbed to the pestilence in 423 B.C Aleiblades succeeded him anc managed brilliantly, but as he was about to enter decisive naval en. gagement at Syracuse he was recalled | empirc—it ceases where cmpire be. on the charge of having mutilated the |gins.” The great experiment of pop- | statues of the gods. ‘The pious Nicias ' ular rule in Athens went to pieces BY HENRY W. BUNN. HE following is a brief sum- mary of the most important news of the world for the seven days ended December | the Kremlin, hit_hard. Tt {trom the parly IS members of the | opposition, including Kamenev, Radek, | Rakovsky and Smirnov. (Trotsky and Kinoviev had previously been kicked | ; out) The central control committec, | o g g | however, is empowered to take bac The British Empire.—On December |y tne purty Btk ot Teue thu uiy | Parliament was prorogued unto | yonths hence those of the ejected | The King's speech, read | wpoge conduct meantime shall” have | slon in the House of lpoun satistactory | expresses satisfaction in the Ther are two growth and influence of the pocitjon. Both ups had (expecting 4 tions and the increasing | yus o cacape expulsion) verbally part it plays in composing Interna-|promised to abandon factious activity, tional differences and preserving peace though one group stood out for the and plgdges continuance of “the Brit-! o 1o “advoeate their views openl ish policy of loyal cp-operation With | within the limits of party rule,” what- the League.” It expresses regret tt|ever that might mean. The congry the failure of the tri-power naval con-| hay re.clected Stalin, general secre. ference, but declares that the British{ tary of the Communist party, and has government “has no intention of em-!¢jccted n new central committee and barking on an increase in their navallg pew polit bureau of the party, the building program, which is based upon | which bodies are of even greater im- a considered view of the defensive |portance than the central executive needs of the widespread empire.” IUicommittee of the Soviet government. notes the setting up of a commission to inquire into the working of the P government of Indin under thei An Kngaging Conceptio Dyarch.v plan; progress in eliminatink | expected, M. Litvinov stayed on slums: progress in housing, o million | Geneva beyond the adjournment houses having been constructed under | December of the preparatory dis- mament commisslon, of which he government auspices since the ar- mistice; conclusion of a new treaty |is a member. M. Briand arriving at uq; settlement of the war debts | Geneva on December 4, the day be owing to Britaln by the Greek and [fore the opening of the forty-elghth Jugoslav governments, and the fol-|session of the ague of Natlons lowing legislation: A new unemploy-|Councll, Litvinov at once led upon ment insurance act, a trade disputes |him, and an interesting conversation and trade unions act; a landlord and | developed. Briand, we are told, out. tenant act and an act to ald British [lined to Litvinov the plan he has con- films. ved of an east European “Locarno™ It does not pact or group of pacts, surely to in- act legislation ude Russia, the Baltic states, of the cost of | Poland and Rumania, and presumably tration and 1o [to include Germany also: surely, service, and it e, ONO MUSt SUppose envisag to the refection nee as guarantor and perhaps book t Britain in the same role. Certainly an engaging conception and one not quite outside the realm of possibilities. But many and obvi- ous are the dificulties among which this one somewhat amusingly urges it- self. Perhaps the most effective weap- on employed by German statesmen (n particular, Stresemann) in their | efforts to rid Germany of her disabil- | itles under the Versallles treaty, to over for any her old position, has e cleverly veiled threat of n supe wallo, of establishing the most Intimate relations between Ger many and Russia to the prejudice, however disavowed, of the old Locarno agreements. Realization of Briand's plan (axsuming Russian and German | kood faith) would abolish that threat I fore, nre ermany, unwilling to lose Februar unon th Froups in the op-| ady . L on note the fallure to en- looking to reduction government adminis veform of the civil mukes no reference £ the new prayer fe looked up most remarkably in November. The ques- tion mnaturally and anxiously asks itself: Is the improvement permanent? “The Cunard Line fs to build a liner faster and more luxurious liner now afloat. She I8 to 00 feet long and to do ge In less thun five days, (The M stic, #15 feet long, 18 now the largest vessel afloat). The Cunard Co. in disturbed by the chal- lenge of two German vessels, the KEu- Bremen, now a-building elll, Free State high com- end of Tim the in Uish foreign t the Atlantic pas; ropa and t James M missloner to London, is ut th the coming January to succeed Healy ns governor general of Free State. Mr. Healy took office December, 19 sure that 1 wwed by et bl hefore the u for the France.~On Chamber of i budis s now Henate. The ¥ mensure Chamber has voted a for construetion one 10,000-ton five tiest-class wing wub; houts for ench providing of 15 naval vemsels; crulser, #ix destroyers, wubmarin o mine marine, and two dispateh the eolonial servic his dw the second he construction sche he French naval authorities some yenrs ago, Only 160,000,000 france cxpended in this connection Phe Chsmber applauded when eputy deelared: Ckven it and wo on on good terms with Mussoling, it will remain true Mediterranean will al necessity foF §ran We Jever run the risic of having wdcations with Algerin cut BY BRUCE T was late in the after- noon and the Government offices in Washington were deserted. A dollar-a-year man dropped into the office of a friend who, like himself, had left his busin int ts to take charge of important operations in the war. Both men wi doing vital work; the newspapers were con- stantly printing their pictur But now, at the close of a hard day, they smoked their pipe and stared moodily o#t toward Washington Monument. Finally one of them spol “I suppose what we're doing looks very impressive from the outsid he said; “but between ourselves, Frank, 1I'm fussing along with the most obvious routine things. The other nodded. Said he: “My greatest fear is that some one will walk in some day and find me out.’ Like @ couple of schoolboys t and laughed at them- installiment of wo lald down by n 1vzk on vhen Premier it control of the e st any con ol PR On I Party the ( Hiting 18, i, ember [N Congt o vindshiold, re nuhiole covera, teat anholes for gas, clear mnnnole of er with s bamd puinp, give warn Lo bidghway afie st open care for tools, material sl and unlond vender case of an accldent Phit y who can do these Lilngs down o I mpllcer's ers platform and crect v and repli ing wignals i hole cart, foid st nid | Al Anyh cun hold bl or The specifications of this company, A1 equally definite, range from the Jowest Juhoring positlons to Kenel cuditor and advertising manager ‘The company knows Just whit 1o tessh u man (o make him competent for any of thesa posttons Ounly the surface of the great Amer s e stidid workd bas hean touched | fay Phero wiw thousands of Jobm by which wmen and women earn livings which nobody knows wuch about except the workers themsulves But eventually, 1t s hoped, they ol will be classiied and the hest way Chinrtod Tearniing how an vull Mivy cutall man regards him as much over n a famaous author blush Emerson some- it home after his lec. Lincoln was subjgct to moods of abysmal de- Jectionj his faverite song was oyt y a Comedies die even to this day of translating w! guage, and Hein out ment | par " Sy D. C. DECEMBER Struggle between Athenians and Spartans in the Peloponnesian War. through lack of discipline within and excess of discipline without. And now, instead of continuing these details of victories and defeats, of armies and navies, of soldiers and generals and politicians, let us see the war from the viewpoint of the people, in the plays of Aristophaues. * ok Kk Kk Aristophanes and the Comic Drama. It is an unusual phenomenon that comic poet should last so well. sooner in the blighting winds of time than tragedies, partly because they are less elemental and profound, largely because their humor is bound up in obscure allusions to local and cotemporary things. But despite the difficulty and historical con- text from one idiom into another. Aristophanes is alive, and wo can read him with profane delight. He has given an adjective to every - could not die with- oning his name. If we read him, we must be prepared for riotous coarseness and obscenity. He does not hesitate to show Blepyrus in the throes of intestinal congestion, and he scattered among his lines such expelied | so effective a weapon, will show her-|o-ortain that some (not impossibly a self fc mand for her strous, a qu auo, All of which shall out. But 1 repeat conception to Briand's plans, or will de. adhesion there a mon- impossible, quid pro » as it may turn is an engaging € ¥ ok ¥ Afghanista: tan, with his Queen, a son suite of 25, is on his wa wed 7 to London | He fs deserfbed as smart and soldierly | China) or off in appearance, somewhat resembling Mussolinf. On the arrival of the y uat Karachi, India, in a specinl train of cars painted white and gold, the Emir received a salute of 21 gun: while British military planes per- formed evolutions overhead. The ladies were cquipped a outrance with the latest Parisian gowns and thing- ummies, short skirts included. but wore veils. It is, however, pleasant to learn that the veils were to be re- moved on their leaving India. As everybody knows, Afghanistan is, by reason of its geographical position, of a political Importance preposterously out of proportion to its importance in economlic or other respects. Amanullah is not to visit London alone. He s to visit other European capitals, and, what ix most significant, he will visit the capital of Eurasia, namely, Moscow. He is making the grand tour with n vengeance. He aspires to the rvole of a Mustapha Kemal or Shah Pehlevi in his storied land of .000,000 inhabitants. Of course he carries a radio set * o China.—On December 15 the Na king government issued o mandate ordering the closing of all Soviet con- sulates on Nationalist ¢ tory and the withdrawal from China of their personnel, also withdrawal from China of the Soviet Trade Commis- slon; moreover declaring Chinese ports Larred to the commission’s fleet. Pursuant to the mandate, the Russian officials are rapldly clearing out. Na- tionalist China is not forbidden to Rus. slans in a private capacity, but most of those in that categorfy are going too; for in those parts (how changed from a year ugol) the life of a Rus slan known or suspected to be a red 18 now a poor risk—the mobs are color- blind. During the week past the National- Ist authorities have been vigorously raqunding up ds and those suspected of dness, and if the dis- patches tell the truth, there have be summary executions by hundreds, es. peclally ‘in Canton, whero it is fairly The Gift to Little Men BARTON. the doleful, “Why S8hould the Spirit of Mortal Be Proud?” On the other hand, | know three men—and have come into contact with many more—who are utterly free from any doubt as to their own omniscience. One of the three is a ticket-taker in a New York theater; one is a day laborer on a farm; one is private secretary to a cor- poration president. These three gentlemen have positive views on every question and do not hesitate to expr their contempt for all who dis- agree. They have a high sens of the importance of their tim In their dealings with us com- mon folks they are inclined to be abrupt, | admit that their cocksure- used to irritate me. It med rather ridiculou con- trasted with the welf-deprecia- tion of many of the leaders of the world. But one day | hit upon the explanation and now no bumptious individual irritates me any mor My explanation is this: God ls Just. He distributes talents with impartial hand among the sons of men, To big men He gives the satisfaction of achievement; but He penalis them with hours of depression, introspec- tion and self-doubt, Little men would be dis- couraged it they could see th elves in thelr true light, conceit was sent into the world— God's great gift to little men, I n D ——— —The Amir of Afghanis: | and | 3 POWER FIGHT TO BECOME BIG NOISE IN CONGRESS ! | Pre BY WILL DURANT, Ph. D., Author of “The Story of Philosophy.” nt Session’s Work Includes Pro- posed Inquiry and Important Legislative Changes It has aiso shfwn that some i IAM HARD. ’ stances exist of a most amazing ot 54 ""“""’"' shaped up t0-lconirateq control of great r-ru:er day to make electric DOWET |y ho investors of a relatively tin one of the biggest nolses Inl,mount of money. It has found this session of Congress. This {oyated, for Instance, that the dis result flows from simultane- | cuiiid anag highly abie firm of FL. 31 ous developments of high fmportance | poiticeny & € able, with ar in the matter of Boulder Canyon, in | rvostment of lows than $1.000.000 t the matter of the Federal Power |gyereise the voting control over mor Commission and in the matter of the | th.1°3370.000,000 of operating capital - Walsh senatorial resolution for 3| Trar 1y one matn. phase. of the general comprehensive Inquiry Into | inauiry proposed by Senstee $Wals the financing and regulating of the | Garoeor Walsh wisnes to. o At power companies of the United States. | ind” 1o gisclose to public "The power companies of the United | porie, and the dangess. States have now adopted new | ana wherever they may be resolution. | finaneing an; he fvastanes apparently of foreign origin, for Newcomb, who ke b American electric powe Cleon, in revengo for the [ashing | posted about Washington SNl aha hos i g whicll tho comedies gavo him, had | , was widely quoted us having | seem 10" he it e o o Do Aristophanes “indicted for forkink |gald that the people behind him Were | ay the phase whia i, g [mportar paners of Athenian citizenship. The | Sniircly opposed to the Walsh resol. | e c Dhase which would sue 1 dramatist lived fn no fvory tower; he |{jon and were out to kill it. Today | foery courte of Senator W was intensely alive to the events and | et (000 WOSE OUL ©0, KO L COCRY | posed explorations. This seco ideals of his day. and in his writings | gitional * special | representative i ;‘;“,‘;’,",,.’ e Fith every intercst of his Jime found hon- | washington in the matter of thelState reguintion e orable or dishonorable mention. | Walsh resolution and are taking a | fnances fau i Put | As religion and the stories of £ods | oqified view of the question of a|the ¢o 2 ot il [and heroes offervd the subjects of |hoflfied view of 1 4 consuming public, eder: quiry into their past, pres-| “On this point a large weight is tragedy, so politics and the domgs of | i 3 public men provided the material of |€Pt and future. tac hv;d to opinions recently ¥ the Federal Power the comic drama. Lacking news papers, Athens had oratory and corn- Which consists of Se edy. ‘The oratory served as the edi- | Davis, Secretary torfals, the comedy as cartoons. For | Work and ret Aristophanes was a politician as we | Jardine, as o dramatist. Each of his comedies was a political pamphlet, a round in his long duel with the leaders of the | popular party at Athens. In form his plays are as low as burlesque; in pur- | new attitude will be expressed at the pose they are as high as the noblest |hearings on the Walsh resolution be of BEuripides. He was a fighter first | fore the Senate committee on inte and o dramatist afterward. | state commerce on January 16. | aceurate knowledge of the actual cos* * K ok K Mr. Lenroot will be authorized to, © the power companies of their pla and equipment: and it has then ma » - state that the power companies do !’ m Aristophanes and the War. | N0 O T8 OV, STy compre. | the two following seriously importa:- And yet his great passion was for & | observations: 4 e hensive in its scope and conducted | ¥ peace. Conceive a modern playwright, by a tribunal qualified to analyze the | “Thers s a tendency on the part o« at the top of his profession, using the problem with technical competency.|Some power companies to put stage in play after play to denounce [n other words, the power compa tem possible into the capital accoun: A great war in the midst of that war, | will no longer say: “We want as a part of the rate ba ridiculing without stint the popular | inquiry at all.” They will say: | representing actual cos leader of the military par nd at-!would like an inquiry covering our!And tacking without fear all the forces im- | good points as well as our bad points| “The; pending peace. Imagine a Rabelaisian |and putting the whole problem on | this re: Bernard Shaw, in plays as well as |dts way to a genuine solution. prefac damning war in time of war.!| The joint committee of National After the death of Pericles and the | Utility ~Associations has its head- | fall_of Alcibiades supreme power in | quarters in New York and is direc (Continued on Fourteenth 1’ag ed by Stephen B. Davis, who has! | heen successively United States dis- | Power Commission. the State author | trict attorney in New Mexico, justice | ties have in general failed to perforr of the Supreme Court of New Mexico. | the dut® which at the very I« solicitor of the Department of Com-| tom of all finally competent P merce under Secretary Hoover, and | utility reguiati vice chairman of the recent Wash- It would be the uiti {ington International Radio Confer-| Walsh inquiry to reveal such frailti ence, of which Mr. Hoover wes the as there may be in local State regul.- ! presiding head. { tion of public utilities and to produc Minor Changes Hinted. e can be cured. Mr. Davis, it s belleved, is re- onsible for the selection of ex- T nator Lenroct as the Washington is believed here now that ma pokesman for the present policy of | 2utstanding personalities in the powe: | the power companies. Mr. Lenroot's | industry are in total harmony witl | personal standing !s_additionally a the a progressive and co \hat hereafter there can- | Structive scrutiny of public utility af Buarntee e tho wiso. ot| fairs. It s noted that the industry ny methods except the one that|MOSt conspicuous figure, Mr. pwfncn might he called “open arguments YOuns of the General Electric Co | openly delivered. which is a_manufacturing compar It ot ‘the same time appears that | has thoroughly divorced that compar: efforts are being made - in certain | from all reaily largely important par quarters to produce some relatively | ticipation in the management e changes in the Johnson-Swing |a!ing power companies, so that Canven Dam . bill which | Federal Trade Commission has bee the bill still satisfac- | able to state: | Rabelalsian quips as must be regret- ully excluded from these chaste pages. But such was the custom of the day. The comic drama, as we have said, grew out of Phallic festi- | mls, celebrating Bacchus In vintage ind harvest season; the spirit of fer Itility was worshiped without —r straint, and when the comic drama |spoke a moratorium was placed on morality. What makes this burlesque forgiv- | able is its rich and endless humor, the crackling play of Aristophnnes’ irony and wif; beside him Molicre is a | gloomy tragedian. We see in him the vitality of a people that could for 30 years wage a war of life and death and yet, at its height give funds to maintain the drama and permit n ruthless critic to ridicule its own stupldities. Never was thought so quick, never was life so full and strong as in those terrible and chaotic days when Aristophanes laughed. ‘We_know hardly anything of his life. He was born about 448 B.C., BY WIL HINC T, d ph to do with the efficiency- public utili rat Xpress: New Representative Named. Corarnissior retary of Wa The by th appointed National new representative joint committee of | Ctility Associations—is the Washing- {ton Jaw firm of Lenroot, Hanson,| Smith & Lovett, headed by Irvine L. | Lenroot, who till recently was Unite ates Senator from Wisconsin, Th Must Know Costs. The Federal Power Commission L remarked that impossible to 1 the base for the rates to be charged to the consuming public by electric .| power companies unless there is or can be public pr ect only if fhe ons. as they have not yet don: for inspect i8, according |score or more) Russians, including some members of the consular staff, were sent before firing squads with every circumstance of insult. 1s there in history a more striking reversal of |fortune that that which has befallen | Moscow's emissaries and their con- | verts in South and Central China? The Central authorities profess dis approval of anti-red violence, whether {of mobs, soldiery (uniformed mobs in Is, and no doubt sin- ely, were it only because they are | ware that such manner of dealing small |is boomerangish. Give us time, they | Boulder suy, and we will impose on our people | Might leave the - B s discipline ana legality, or, better _“‘,‘!n.m- to its public-ownership advo-| ‘At the present time the Gene {instil the sentiment” thereof. ~ Mean: | cates “while rendering it possibly | PIestric Co; cannat by S o CEU | time those destderata are lacking nndl('l‘\l“e‘ lpuh'ublle—-oh T, at any ;:;nt;‘;:‘ ey - this chapter of Nationalist “reprisals” | durable—to the = power o . . 2 Fpepeiamenpit b ; “PrISST that are privately gwned. The power L é:;%‘&:fi;*;a‘;"&;o“’;‘gr con anies maintain that the bill as = g - them a fair chance to compete with | 2<€% BeAUITeE (¥ BEF 8 e the governmental authorities in| . o = : It is thousht that the Joint Con bidding for the right to build apd to| 12 i & operate the electric power house mittee of National Utility Assoc o tions in now accepting the idea of e e “swetures. 1t they | (ll inuiey by & competently equippe got what thoy consider a fair chance | Federul body 1s confldent that then to hid for that right in open and| P o publicly regulated competition, their | Unified “electrical trust. ~ B It is noted that the joint commit The consequence will be that me,:}“‘_‘;‘r";\:glh;d "hy-)“ldl::dw:n‘;;)ure}. bill's prospects for passage will be | BV Srust e considerably advanced. - % = ne In the meantime the recent annual Webster. Hodenpyl-Handy and Co.. th " North American Co., the Middle Wes: report of the Federal Power Commis- | froitit STEHCD Tk To8 AV the 1n slon, combined with the recent spectal { (b I8 S0 IREFITERY By & O report of the Federal Trade Commis- |y pva S He S Share Co. an sion on “Control of Power Companies.” | gran < I Doherty & C B | has given to the Walsh resolution an| Tha sum of the situa in the unpunctured forward torpedo | ®Xtremely powerful impetus. F oot be &% SBows compartment. After so many days of| The Federal Trade Commission has| ™ The electric power companies of leffort at rescws, rendered futile by |Shown that electric power companies! nited States. having been spects |rough seas and violent gales, late on |in this country are by far the biggest [ iarly successtul in se heir | the 21st air was pumped through the | 8TOWIng point in all that part of fand bonds to the air supply pipes leading into the room, | American industry that has anything | public and having But too late. ‘The tapping on the metal | {0 4o with problems of direct public {any other industry in sides of their prison by which the un. | regulation. It has shown that in the | toward what has bee fortunate ones had communicated with | last 25 vears the total tuvestment in | peopleization of corporate secu the craft above (the signals being | electrical plant and equipment” in|are now turning towand get caught by listening devices) had | thiS country has grown from approxi- | clearing up of their relat ceased about 6 am. of the 20th. mately $500,000,000 to approximately | the regulating authorities of the The episode now i process in Okla. | $:000,000.000 | tion, local and Feder homa 18 very like that of 1923 in the same State, {n which Mr. Walton, then governor, was the protagonist. 1 re- gret that 1 lack space for thereof. Wero Lord that gr observer of the workings of democ racy. allve he would find it of pecu- liar interest and significanec. It | e United States.—On December 21 Congress adjourned unto- January 4, for its Christmas recess. On December 20 the House passed the alien property bill, 223 to 26. The awards made by the mixed claims com mission to nationals of the United States against Germany total $247,783,- 24. German alien property to the value of $245,600,000 is held by our alien property custodian. ‘The submarine S.4 was accidentally rammed and sunk by the destroyer Paulding (now in the Coast Guard service) off Provincetown, Mass., on December 1 ? the 40 souls on board, apparentfy 34 were at once drowned by inrushing waters. For| {lingering horror, no tragedy could ex- | coed that of the six men trapped alive ion wou son them set out — | brological | record by John Tissot give place to|Huxley and Haldane's recent vl | these pellicular faces. to »:l\\lesqux-ln‘ “Animal Biology Along that and horrible half:shapen things, and [he will to conceptions of i oven 1o mere suggestively slu\p«ll\:‘h:d personality lumps | maks the idea of “heneas. who With the introduction of proper and at Ur before the time of Abrahas completo photographic records of the | Was an Arad cnificent mutterings of entranced mediums, {honorad by all who knew h thgro will probably be a very consid [i8 “a Sreat power orablo diminution in the characteris: (A Who now tie flavar that now makes the recos. [ Dovie's lectures, nition of the revenants so facile. The | tours, advises | phenomena still abound, but they de tells him when to take 3 dav o terforate In quality even if they v Are.” o crease in abundance. Wo are told of | Hoods of spiritial light, and behold, | seanda Pheneas speaks’™ Wonderful prophe- [ infantilo and cles are spoken of 3 oy R (Continued_from_First L Notes.—One awaits with {nterest completion of the new Spanish con- stitution on which the National As- sembly (under close government s pervision) 13 at work. It fs under stood that only one legislative body “+ contemplated, (o consist in part of permanent members, In part of meni e elected from a government list he latter proposal hus w certain Ana. toltan bouquet. Tho reador Is strongly advised to con with care the annual report lately vublished by Parke bert, agent goneral for reparations, to the Rop rations Commission on’ operntion un der the Dawes plan On Docomber “1 a government do- creo eatablished the paper lira on a kold basls at the value of 19 to the dollar, satistactory oulmination of splendid offort of deflation highly ered itablo to the Mussolint government and wiblo a8 the m “Pheneas” appears 1o de 4 hew we g Phineas, and the leame hinaes s prodadiy AR origin amd means nay 1 snobbery porhaps adcounts 1 clain 1O be an ral\ ¥ 1 10 think, is an Wroush olfdecep! as doll which For wme, the most taal thought for all this stuflt ltes in the steadily changlng ddeas of wodern peo Mo about individuality. Heveath al | these necromancies (s an assumption still ‘more sa to the Uslian 1eobls. | e the: camplete: and incus integ WUO Jikpiayaq tirguphoutimacvsiotn 1 eity of the cternal human person from pationco and_ equantmity. The effort | ey of the Clorni GO e normat ay SHALEAL LR B L [ man, who is unaccustomed o analy Loliah _goneral electlons ave an-{jy “yusumen, it may be too readity nounced for March 4 next. A consht | (jyt his selt in sumething detache orablo howdydo I threataned i that |\ vlwavis with all other things. 1t conneot I n ¢ ond, but it cannot amalgamate. Tarkov's fiest consus shows a totar| Y ¢ | population of about 13,600,000 in the! Bt "n:l m-*.\‘\b- 1;.:.:‘--\;:‘-; :‘l\\‘a‘_".\:‘!‘ new Turkey. _Conatantinople hax | Ihnate delusion by whieh fec co8 Lo $10,000, Angora 75,000, '"""I wo carey ot flaht tor certain Fhie Japanese Dle o | qualities and charactoriatios axaing e s THNE I SUduS tocpen e onvironment, We are seltcen: A vty wesslon ta pradicted. The 0 | gred for the enda of e, and wo are homivion 1o Sxpacted to atlack VGO | pnoae or we so richly endowed with | ouly Premier Tanaka's Chinese poll- | Mt ol W w0 PO SO we | ovu i particutar hin dispateh of roons g e emely ditieult o nagine to’ Bhantung am intensitying anti: | 100 I extromely St g on Jubancte sentiment - dn china,The g gther center to which we may be lntont dovelapmentu in China WIRAE rly fneidental and conteibutory woom to fndloate to Tanaka steensth e R I ating wiain of the Japanese (rce Mgy “gue moments of kreatest exalias By )| Rac v I pathe: ) lonely The pansed Specks rax has ¢ w Ur have Nvat o the lght from yestenday's sunbeany Elowed upon my retia. | Ur Ancient is dust today and mow Of rubbish and disused and wornon things and all its fadivitual lves an A fading memory. ¢ ever & gentls man With the wnUrlike name *n entivened s slreets, welted back into the versal stre Oof betng when his enlivening was dw BUEUE Was & pldce of events and seed of consequences that live » CORLIUE 3 HOnK 48 WAl ehdures. A Wo too lve and s, teflecting oUr Bowent. AR the weasr QU CARCIEY | the LERE and wonder © the Kternal And Nt that enough® OB A BE, 19ET b e New Yok m, \ fu | Ahantung, but ho has kiven no dk | gon aod for most of Us who are over | vatlon of such an tntontion 20 the selt of ehildhood has alveady Lomuat wtlil postpone deserved no- | a0 oo of the procesdings ended Decent | \Wo ay be but parts of & larger - . her 13 of the forty olghith session of | whate, an the quivering cells In .-m' N 3 the League of Natlons Counell, i | iiving bodies sre parts of s Porhaps | Ambulances of the Aiw g the meeting hefore (ha coinet | (ho Blood corpuscles i our avtertes | Caveving an inalid whe was Dlotator Plsudskl of Poland and | pave a din sonse of belng Hving (o | i1l to withstand the fourvey by trs Promier Waldemaras of - Lithuania: | dividuals moa orowded thorons hare. 1m.- ambulitce alvplane stathoned how the (wo premfors fnddy pess | perhaps wo cuvselves share & Wikht | the forivess of Baden, Sweden, s st olatmed the fantastie and practioally | ey amortality Perhaps the dear| to have wade ity longest Wght Bloodlons MLt nian war ends | livos we have Toved Close (0 0Ur OWH | elergeney purposes when (6 tevent o and agveed to Aot negotiations | ave tuishod and done, ot ke some: [ flow from Hoden to Uies, 180w 10OKINE to mettlomont of the fsauen tn ! ihing euded and cast mway, but ke | Transportation of the siok by abpiass AlApite Botween (he Tve tations WHE | beautitul doods done farever and fralts | s becouming more and wore popus comsideration whether o geniine petit | el fovever I Sweden, eapecially i Northe: w cation o enly @ ke Wohe ens e et knew how seotion, Where roads & nd i Pevtod, A9 the veaden, e are fewy W ™ W those fleas but he will fiad :