Evening Star Newspaper, December 2, 1927, Page 8

el £ . WIE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. L. FRIDAY. ......December 2, 1927 The Evening Star Newspaper Company Bustiess Ulice: ana l’trr:’f\'lw'lll (Y" Kew Yook Ofea 110 Fax Chicaro _Office’, Tower RBuiling o T4 Rerent St.. London { Burvpean Ofice by 11tn St &tar with the Sund SHUN 40 Cenve per month- daits voly caniy month* ‘ll"h' -::"!',' -’“-":".l”l Tt e oo Coll-ction is oiade by “eurrier 8t and of #uch month by Mail—Payable in Advance. D’Ian‘lmld und Virginia. P er 001 mo 75 D 1er &K00:1mo S0c 1er $300°1mo. 25c ‘Rate v ana Sunday MR All Other States and Canada. v ad sunday ) Fn - gt undie. gnlv - ". Member of the Assoclated Press. - a1l Press 1s exclusvely entitled 0 e A ot eamiieation (1 il news. s PAlchey credited to "m"" P'I:‘I n‘\;.!-ru:u :'::1' o o, ihr, aver and Al {02 mamication 1 Aianalchos herein are alsn resarv - onle . Dawes Defers to Lowden. Gen. Dawes declares that he is not & candidate for the presidency and ad- vocates the nomination of former Gov. Lowden, on the assumption that Mr. Coolidge is not himself a candi- date for the office for another term. That is a perfectly logical position, that redounds to the credit of one ot 1llinois’ tavorite sons, deferring as he does to another. 1t does not, however, follow the Vice President is out of reckoning. He will not go into the primaries for support, throwing his strength to Mr. Lowden. Should the Jatter succeed in gaining headway, and secure a definite place in the bal- loting, Gen. Dawes will probably not figure in the early stage of the contest at the convention, if it should run for heveral ballots. But there always re- mains the possibility of such protrac- tion of the contest for the nomination that strength may be thrown to an- other than oneé of the leaders, and in this situation the name of Dawes may command attention and gain support. Ungquestionably interest is at pres. ent centered, as respects the Repub- Mcan situation, upon what Mr. Cool- idge will say to the Republican na- tional committce members next week. If he amplifies his August statement, making it specifically understood that he will not in any circumstances per- mit his name to be considered by the that the claring that he could not do business with a government which held such views. Partly because of its large holdings in Mexico, the Standard Oll Company of New Jersey sided with the Royal-Dutch-8hell. To be con- sistent it could not condone Soviet tacties with one hand and logically protest alleged similar tacties by Mexico with the other. In the mean- time the Soviet supply of oil went begging until the New York compa- nies snapped some of it up without at. tempting te question the political philosophies of the Russian form of government. If it Is ethical to sell cotton to Russia, it was held, it is as ethical to buy oil from Russia, and oil bought from Russia can be placed on the Near Eastern market much cheaper than can oil produced in the United States and shipped all the way across the seas to the Near East. Sir Henrl further protested that the action of the New York companies was unpatriotic, in that Russian oil would replace American oil in the Near East, but this argument was taken with a grain of salt by some oil experts, who contend that it is more patriotic to conserve American oil at this”time than it is to find new markets for getting rid of a huge overproduction which is draining do- mestic supply at an alarming rate. According to one opinion, the New York companies have cleverly made | of a lot of cheap Russian oil without tying themselves up in argu- ments over private concessions. At any rate, Sir Henri and the New Jer- sey company must expend much en- ergy it they intend to convince the public that there is any such thing as ethies in oil, or rouse the public to heated indignation over a breach of such alleged ethics. The public now s not so much concerned with the ethics involved as it is in watching the results of the oil war which are already manifesting themselves in price cutting. The public will derive much wholesome enjbyment from witnessing the efforts of rival oil con- cerns to undersell each other. The public’s sympathies will lie with the company which can fill the gasoline tank with the cheapest gasoline, re- gardless of which company boasts the highest ethics. Precious Parking Space. While the authorities are engaged in the perennial bickering with the taxicab companies over space and cruising rights, it might be well to check up on the various hackstands in the downtown district to see that cab drivers do not violate the regu- lation in regard to parking, over which there can be no dispute. With a large number of “Entrance” signs eorvention, the case remains as at present, with the names of Hoover, liowden and Curtis definitely before the party, with Hughes as a possi. Bility, and with favorite sons in per- haps some number yet to be advanced and supported. If, on the contrary, Mr. Coolidge “does not choose” to say anything further about the matter, eonfining his remarks to generalities #nd issues, the possibility of his being *drafted” for service again as a candi- date will remain, and every estimate of the outcome must include the pos- sibility of his nmomination as the re. #Ult of a general demand by the dele- Eates, despite his personal desire to e relieved of further duty. % +Gen. Dawes’' statement does not €hange the state of the case, save as 15 the point of his entering the pri- maries. In case the Lowden showing 18 not sufficient to carry him over the Tine, after several ballots, it Is to be expected that, unless some other de- velopment occurs‘to put forward an- other candidacy as commanding, it Would turn to him. He remains a potential candidate, despite his gallant imer now in behalf of his fellow Ilinoisian. *A few lashes serve to punish the ' wife beater. The husband murderer 18 harder to control. Ethics in Oil. The line that divides questionable Business ethics from clever trade tac- tics at times becomes so vague that an ability to distinguish between the ,tWo Is dependent wholly upon the point of view. A merchant outsmarted by the maneuvers of a competitor is . #ometimes tempted to classify such mpaneuvers as unethical and derives x:n comfort from the thought that y are beneath him. On the other hand, the successful competitor who has won from his rival a particular- 1y julcy plum will attribute his good fortune to a superior business acu- men. The public's verdict in a dis- pute over ethics is delivered only when the public is so vitally con- cerned that its interest is stimulated thereby to an examination of both sides of the issue. A trade war now In progress be- tween powerful oil companies is bused - ostensibly on the ethics of purchasing oil from Soviet Russia, a government which has confiscated to its own use private property and re- fuses to acknowledge oil concessions granted to private companies before it came into being. On one side of the fight are the far-lung Royal Dutch-8hell group of Europe and the Standard Oil Company of New Jer- sey.. On the other side are the Stand- ard Oil Company of New York and the Vacuum Oil Company of New York, both members of the Standard Ol group. The row started when the New York companies some time ago successfully negotiated the purchase of oil from Soviet Russia, thus pro- woking the Royal Dutch-Shell group 1o Keated protest. The Standard Ol Company of New Jersey undertook the role of the peacemaker, but its tailure is more clearly shown by the announcement this week that the New York companies have followed their first purchase of oil with an- othér and larger purchase. The Dutch-Shell group charges the New York companles with a hreach of trade ethics and has embarked upon & fight which involves price-cutting d similar tactics. " Atter the close of the war Sir in front of buildings and with space at each corner looped off, coupled with a profusion of hackstands, park- ing space for private automobiles is difficult enough to find, but when matters are complicated by taxicabs “spilling over” their allotted sections, the situation becomes impossible of endurance. There are several hackstands in the downtown district that are clearly marked by Police Department signs, “Space for Two Public Vehicles.” It is rare, indeed, to find that only two cabs occupy these spaces. Generally, the cab drivers not only appropriate that which is theirs, but that which is not theirs as well, and line “up four cabs at the curb, with two more wait- g in the street for the others to move out. It is obviously impossible to park four cars in a space sufficient only for two, so that the extra cabs are taking up room that legitimately belongs to the public. Futhermore, the cabs parked abreast are impeding the smooth flow of traffic. This condition should be easy to correct and there appears to be no obstacle in the way of prompt action on the part of the Police Department. As long as parking is allowed for pri- vate automobiles in the congested section, the rights of the public in regard to parking space should be jealously guarded, and private inter- ests should not be allowed to usurp what has now become precious park- ing space. A few arrests of “grasp- ing” hackers will speedily restore to the public that which under present regulations belongs to it. ot Everybody Loves Them. A London physician recently de- clared that fat men should be sen- tenced to hard labor. There is noth- ing new in this. Fat men already labor hard in carrying around what is sometimes called “excess tissue.”” Ask any fat man and he will admit it. He would willingly part with his fatness, but he does mot know how to do it. Exercise and restraint in eating, those two oft-urged and too often urged remedies, fail miserably in the test, because fat men will not exercise and will not stop eating, They hate to, at any rate. “The flesh is willing, but the spirit weak.” The fat man, alas, has weak, flabby flesh in addition to a fat-bound spirit. As every large gen- tleman knows, the last place fat leaves is the same place it goes to first. Not- withstanding these handicaps, fat men occupy important places in the world, a fact which cannot be denied even by the leanest man. ——r——————— ‘War, like all tragedies in history or the drama, is an absurdity resulting from the arrogance of stupid persons or misunderstanding among the wite. —————————— The War Zone. ‘While keen sympathy prevails for the residents of the Washington sub- urb that has lately been the scene of a series of depredations by a burglar, who feel that they have been brought into undesirable notoriety in conse- quence of the publicity necessarily given to these incidents, there can be no remission of the publication of news regarding the activities of the elusive marauder. It has so happened, whether by chance or by the design of the prowler, that his operations have been g THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. _———————————— lem. They have commendably taken steps to safeguard their properties, or- ganizing a protective committee which in co-operation with the' police will perhaps effect the capture of the thief. They would, of course, be delighted if he should transfer his attentions to another section, where perhaps his chances of evasion will not be as good as they seem to be in the area of his present operations. It may be repeated that this prowl- er's chances of escape diminish with every rald he makes, His identification may come at any hour. While he has been clever and skilliful in his move- ments thus far, his crimes do not bear the mark of professionalism. It is the more_certain, therefore, that he will blunder sooner or later and be caught in the net that is closing about him, Southern Two New Orleans city detectives shot it out for the possession of a hat, one flicking half a dozen ciga- rettes from the lips of his comrade, the latter then shooting three “smokes™ from the mouth of the other, only to take off a slice of nose on the fourth shot. These Southern William Tells may not have fired shots heard around the world, hut they renewed the faith of many persons in the marksmanship of city detectives. Those who vigilantly guard the lives and property of the great cities of America must have the ability to shoot straight. Police officers who show their willingness to enter little affairs of this sort also display their supreme confidence in their abillty with re- volvers. Here is no legend, which one must take with a grain of salt, Involving a mere lad, but a full-blooded story of actual life in an American city. The pioneer days are over, but the need for red blood and marksmanship still exists, as long as the crude trail of the criminal is seen in the land. The bullet, after all, is the only ar- gument which will stop some persons; and that such an “argument” be well directed and placed with proper em- phasis it is necessary that those who are lawfully empowered to administer it be at least equal in shooting prowess to those who use it without the law. Men who can hit a cigarette in the day can defeat a criminal in the dark. ————r———— An attack on the old revolutionary heroes is compelled to meet idealisms that lend dignity even to the aggres- sors. The same cannot be said of an attack which is paraded as inside gos- sip relating to recent politics. The rule of the current fiction writer is to “treat them rough.” [ ———————— Turkish women having removed their veils are now reported to con- template bathing suits and beauty contests. A small beginning may have large results in a region where proverbially gentlemen prefer bru- nettes, —— Animal psychology may find some- thing worth observing in the wariness of the quail. After the first three days of the gunning season the bird wholly disappears. TR : The motor market is not saturated. ‘Where manufacture is concerned the “Go” sign is always in evidence and the “Stop” sign has no standing. —————r————— Hunters mistake one another for deer. The formalities of securing a hunting license ought to include a word from the oculist. —— e There is no doubt about Mussolini being a man of great courage. But he is not courageous enough to edu- cate an understudy. “Trouble in the Balkans” is still a caption kept standing in every well regulated printing office. ——————————— SHOOTING STARS BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Getting the Facts. Thought I heard a robin sing. ‘Snowbird said, “Remember, Though the Summer flowers cling, This is now December.” Robin on a Summer day Makes a handsome showbird. But when Winter skies are gray, Don't forget the snowbird. Tdealism. “Are you an jdealist?” “I am,” replied Senator Sorghum. “I am compelied to be. So many im- practical suggestions are urged upon me by constituents that 1 have to offer some kind of a vague excuse for seeming a trifle foolish.” Correspondence. In his youth he looked for letters From the lasses, forging fetters For his heart, with industry that would not quit. Though now his mail is growing, 1t includes no phrases glowing, And the usual sentiment is “Please remit.” Jud Tunkins says the first snow- storm is less Interesting this Winter than the question of the last sun stroke. Modern Legality. “You may send for your lawyer.” “W'ot's the good of & lawyer,” sald Bill the Burg. “Send for my psycho- analyst.” “There may come a day when fight. ing must cease,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. “It will arrive when women are no longer beautiful and men cease to be avaricious.” Effort at Candor. “You told me you never drank a drop.” “That’s true,” answered Uncle Bill Bottletop. “I never regarded a drop as worth while troubling your throat with.” Pyramids and Domes. sonfined to a comparatively small area. This may be due to his familiarity with the region. But whatever the cause of his concentration, the result has been Fenri Deterding, managing director of the Royal Dutch-Shell, attempted to negotiate with the Russian gov- @rnment over restitution of certain eonfiscated oil concessions and over the future purchase of oil from Rus- ala, but gave up the negotiations in disgust becauss of the Soviet's re- *u to recoguize private rights, de- that the section has figured prominent- ly in the reports of these occurrences. It is natural that these repeated ex- periences should make the residents of the region nervous, but they have been led by them to take unusual precautions against uninvited and unwelcome vis- itors. ‘Through thelr own vigilance they may be Ablv‘ to solve this prob- ‘The excavator dug along And sang his cheery little song; ““The pyramids 'neath which we tail Can’t start a strife concerning oll.” “Dar is a heap o' mistaken kind- ness,” said Uncle Eben. “Many a man who loves music gets hisself a saxophone and treats it terrible bad.” Motorists All Know It. From the Boston Herald The glaring headlight has nothing on the Jow November sun, kg THIS AND THAT s BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Open weather this Autumn has given gardeners of the District of Columbia an unusual opportunity to carry on their hobby. Mild days, including a Thanksgiv- ing that seemed more like Kaster, enabled ardent cultivators of back vards to inspect their plots with an eye to the future. The future of the garden is more interesting than its past, more filled with meaning than its present even. Past, present, future. These embody the whole life of a nation, & man or a garden.. The na- tion builds solidly on its past; a man does much the same; a garden grows out of mistakes into betterment. Perhaps this is where so many home grounds fall down. No particu- Jar attention being given to inspec- tion with a view to change, the garden becomes static, lifeless, although filled with life. And a changeless yard is in the same position as a changeless human being. There is no growth in the best sense. Only by coordinating the past and future in the present can the home grounds be developed into an ap- proximation of what such a place might be. It does no particular good for the householder to read the gar- den magazines or look at the pretty | |actly the appearance which his yard pictures of the grand estates unless he is willing to go forth into his own vard and attempt to apply what he | has seen to the conditions he actually faces. The small yard offers a set of prob- lems, not just one problem. It makes no particular demand upon the sense of landscaping, but rather calls for the use of common sense. “Horse sense” is what some call it. 1t presupposes the desire to make the best of a place, the ability to work it out, and, above all, the facuity of seeing where something is wrong. The power to see mistakes, and the plain nerve to voice them—these make a combination too often labeled “cyn- icism.” One who insists on pointing out mistakes, n if they be his own, Is said to be “cynical.” He is held to be a captious fellow, a sneering fault-finder, churlish in the extreme, and given over to doubting human goodness. Yet if it were not for this type there probably would be little advance, either in human beings, nations or gardens. The desire to look over a thing and to “'see what is wrong with it" is a gift, too often held down and harassed, treated contemptuously, for all the world as it it were some grave fauit. Such good fault-finding, if tempered by restraint and simple good breeding, allows men, nations and gardens to come to their fullest perfection and beauty. * x ¥ % It is possible now to take stock of the garden while one stands upon the scene. The flowers are gone, with the possible exception of some chrysanthe. mums and a few hardy roses. The grass, although showing much green, vet is seen to be Autumn-struck. The pleasant days, however, call one into the outdoors, there to regard the “layout” of the land with a critical eye, in an effort to discover mistakes and to right them, if one's energy and pocketbook are equal to the vision. This is better than “fireside garden- ing,” that pleasant term applied to tak- ing mental stock of the needs for the Spring season. Nature is teaching u: this year that Spring may linger the year ‘round. To sit with the January drift of meedmen’s catalogues beside the fire and to decide upon what flowers to plant several months hence is a pleasant occupation for a cold Winter evening. If the entire family luckily shares in the horticultural enthusiasm, the Chief Gardener—there is always one such—finds help and encouragement. As agreeable as this employment is, it offers no material help to the ap- pearance of a garden. Just as An- drew Jackson is said to have walked to the east of the White House, stuck his cane into the earth, indicating the site of the Treasury, and said “Put it here,” 80 the home gardener finds direct inspiration in the garden itself, the veritable place he wishes to im- prove, There upon the ground he may easily decide which features are poor and thus ought to be eliminated, which good and so should be retained. narrow back yard, the typical 3 rden, he will come to the real- zation that the best treatment is one which avoids a cluttered look. Strangely enough he will discover that this same “cluttered look” is ex- possesses, He came into it, let us suppose, withint knowing a thing about plants or gardens. He did the best he could. He put a row of lilacs at right angles to the walk in the belief that they would provide a bit of privacy near the house. Today he knows that lilacs have a way of growing beyond the amateur’s expectations, and that there is nothing to be done with them but transplant them to a new situation. This brings up at once the whole treatment of the back vard. Hap- hazard flower beds, put in without re- gard to the yard, as a whole, must go. It is realized that only by keeping the various aspects of the garden in mind can the truly pleasing back yard be achieved. It is seen that such a garden is a building-up process, literally and figu- rativel; The yard must “slope,” as it were, downward from the back to- ward the house; that is, the heaviest growths of shrubbery and flower beds must be at the rear, away from the house, and these must diminish as they come forward. This presupposes that the “third di- mension’’ of the garden, that of height, is taken care of by the erection of small teahouse, with a pointed roof, or by the utilization of tall-growing shrubs along the back fence and down the sides of the yard for some distance. A garage takes care.of this element in the garden plan very nicely, giv- ing height and background at-one and the same time. So many garages are ugly simply because they are unpaint. ed and uncared for in other ways. Properly handled, they might become pleasing features of small yards, as well as capable containers of motor cars. Go out into the yard and give the place the “once over.” You may be surprised at the shortcomings you will note, and equally pleased with the means you will devise for righting them. There is a pleasure in achieve- ment, whether in the office, on the golf course or in a small back yard. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Capitol Hill is undoubtedly on the verge of as thrilling a session as Con- gress has held in many years. 'Twas ever thus, on the verge of a presi- dential campaign, but this time con- ditions are unusually propitious for fireworks and sensations. The fates of many men, many measures and both parties are at stake. Politics consequently will discolor the situa- tion from start to finish. Statesmen will have one eye on the business in hand, and keep the other peeled in the direction of the folks “back home.” A third of the Senate and the entire House will be up for election in No- vember, 1928. Steps will be watched with corresponding care. The Demo- crats, as far as the Senate is con- cerned, have decided to let the Re- publicans, with their precarious ma- jority, stew in their own juice, and not seek to organize the upper house in the Democratic interest. But when- ever Senator Joe Robinson and his followers see a chance to trip the G. O. P., they may be depended upon to do so. A sheaf of Coolidge ap- pointments awaits Senate confirma- tion. The President may be in for a rebuff or two at the hands of the body which turned down Warren for Attorney General, McCamant for a Federal judgeship and Woods for the Interstate Commerce Commission. * Kok There'll be an uncommonly large class of graduates from the House of Representatives in the Senate of the Seventieth Congress. Newcomers, who served their apprenticeship on the other side of the Capitol, include Senators-elect Alben W. Barkley of Kentucky, Thomas of Oklahoma, Tyd- ings of Maryland and Hawes of Mis- souri. Hawes had a couple of months in the preceding Senate, as the spe- cial-election successor of former Sen- ator Willlams of Missourl. All of the former House members now raised to the dignity of solons are Democrats. Barkley ranks as a dark-horse presi- dential possibility. He’'s a protestant dry and particularly strong with or- ganized labor. Tydings will be one of the baby Senators. He's just turned 37. * ok ok * Garland S. Ferguson of North Caro- lina, just appointed one of the Demo- cratic_minority members of the Fed- eral Trade Commission, is a distin- guished Greensboro lawyer .The Fer- gusons are among the oldest Caro- linan familles, with proud Colonfal tra- ditions, Commissioner Ferguson's father was a judge of the State Su- perior Court, In North Carolina. He is a cousin of Homer L. Ferguson, well known president of the Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. Senator Simmons of North Carolina, who recommended Ferguson's ap- pointment, says that few lawyers of the day have a more expert knowledge of “business law. All five members of the commission—three Republicans and two Democrats—owe their ap- pointments to President Coolidge. It's the first time since the creation of the body by President Wilson that any Chief Executive nominated the entire membership. “Progressives” say that the commission is correspondingly “r:onurvulv:.'; g Lewis E. Pierson, president of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, who has taken up the taxation cudgels with President Coolidge, has been a life-long Republican and a bank man since he began as a clerk in New York City 42 years ago. He is now chairman of the board of the Ameri- can Exchange Irving Trust Co. Pler- son i= also a director in a host of na- tional corporations, including several constituents of the so-called Power ciation, The Chamber of Commerce is determined to carry its campalgn for maximum tax reduction to the floors of Congress. It will be a diverting spectacle—a national business body popularly looked upon as one of the bulwarks of the Republican adminis- tration’ fighting the latter’s revénue policy tooth and nail. Politics has sel- dom made stranger bedfellows than the Chamber of Commerce and the Democrats. * ok ok ¥ Many personal friends in Washing- ton are the recipients of letters from Will H. Hays, czar of the movies, eall- ing thelr attention to his earnest - endeavors in the purification of the pictures. Hays says he feels a sense of individual responsibility for clean- ing up the screen. He's anxious for his old cronies in politics and public life to know that he's doing his best in that direction. Hays is certain that the recent Trade Practice Conference of the motion picture industry, con- vened by the Federal Trade Com- mission, will result in progressive and permanent improvement in the qual- ity of movies, especially from the moral standpoint. Producers have practically pledged themselves to a code of ‘“Don’ts” and “Be Carefuls,” which Hays is confident will work wonders in respect Dl‘be!lfl’ films. * ok % Senator Borah is going to have another go at bringing about recog- nition of Soviet Russia, though not very hopeful of success. He's encour- aged by a recent poll taken by Russky Golos, a_Muscovite newspaper pub- lished in New York, among prominent Americans of all kinds. Clergymen and sociologists unanimously favored recogntion. So did 89 per cent of the writers who voted. Ot labor leaders 868 per cent are tabulated pro-recogni- tion. Forty per cent of business ma; nates who replied said they were for recognition. Congress sides over- whelmingly with the Coolidge-Kellogg non-recognition policy, according to the poll. Only 25 per cent of House and Senate members are put down as recognitionists, * k k¥ Here's some terse first-aid to woman voters from Mrs. Medill McCormick, Republican national committeewoman and candidate for Congresswoman at large from Illinois: “It's issues, not personalities, which count in politics. My father, Mark Hanna, taught me that. “ He sajd it was the failure of men to observe that principle which led to party disorganisation. You must hold meetings at every cross- roads in your community. You must teach votors first of all not to discuss under any circumstances the person- alities they are supporting or those they are opposing. Women must learn to talk only of issues, to disre- gard sex lines, and to consider only candidates’ qualifications. It is of the utmost importance that the next Re- publican national convention shall contain a full representation of woman delegate.” (Copyright, 1927.) —— et Hope for America in Whittlin’. From the Waco (Tex.) Times-Herald. Word that the President plans to return to Vermont and “whittle for a year or two” after his term expires will be received with grave approval in Hinton's smithy, at Turkey Foot, Ky.; on the post office steps at Osage, Okla., or wherever men gather in mo- ments of leisure in any typical Amer- ican’town. It will link Plymouth, Vt., with Greenfield, Ind., where Riley whittled before he made rhymes, and Columbia, Pa., whence innume slivers from old railroad ties floated down the Susquehanna to the sea. The latest Coolidge anecdote may he expected to have wider circulation than any annual message or campaign biography. b ‘Whittle, in the language of the lexl- sographer, means to carve, shape, shave, trim or otherwise cut a plece fe But it is an ex- pression of individuality. When a length of soft pine is turned into a chain or some other fgscinating prod. uct, it reveals latent tdlent for art. When the whittling is desultory, it may mean that the knife-wielder is engaged in some mental task, such as deciding upon a proposed “swamp” or planning a political move which may ultimately find expression in an act of Congress. Whittling is also an inval- uahle aid to relaxation or meditation. But in all its numerous and varied forms, it is a most democratic prac- tice. There is hope for America so long as no inviting board lies un. touched within arm’s length of any 8roup of representative: citizens. Pleasant Hearing. From the Tulsa Evening World. Whether they believe in it or mot, most people do like to have a medium tell them somethingamice. FRIDAY, DECEMBER 2, . 1927. Scores Power Over Labor. Passage of Amendment Seen as Robbing Communities of Self-Control. Yo the Editor of The Sta On June 2, 1924, the Congress passed a joint tion proposing to the Legislatures of all the States of the Union another amendment to the Con- stitution of the United States which, if ratified by the Legislatures of thre fourths of the several States, will come a part of the Constitution, and will likely be known as the ‘child lahor amendment.” By section 1 of this proposed amend- ment, “The Congress shall have power to limit, regulate and prohibit the labor of persons under 18 years of age.” By section 2, “The power of the several States is unimpaired by this article except that the operation of State laws shall be suspended to the extent mnecessary to give effect to legislation enacted by the Congress." It this proposed amendment, with respect to child labor, is grafted into the Constitution, Congress would pos- sess unlimited power over labor of all children under the age of 18 years. Every tfme the people forget the fundamental idea that each commu- nity should solve its own police prob- lems and first make every effort to help themselves before calling on the National Government for help, they are endangering the sacred right of local self-government. Before adding other amendments to the Constitution, it might be well firat fo: the American people to give seri- ous thought and mature consideration to the prophetic warning heretofore mo often givén by others and especially to that particular one as contained in a published account of an address pur- ported to have been made by Mr. Jus tice Sutherland, a member of the Su- preme Court, while a United States Senator from Utah, before the Amer- ican Bar Association in 1912, as to what the probable effect of the loss of the binding force of the Constit tion might mean, through the shat- tered faith of the people—Mr. Justice Sutherland being quoted as having suid in that address, viz.: “To the thoughtful student of law and government the great principles of the Constitution, as old as the strug- gle for human liberty, are as nearly eternal as anything in this mutable world can be. We do not outgrow them any more than we outgrow the Ten Commandments or the enduring morality of the Sermon on the Mount « e e “The Constitution did not create the Union, but, by making it ‘more perfect, preserved it from destruc- tion. If the present-day teachers of vague and visionary reform would know the fate which will overtake the Republic if the Constitution, through the shattered faith of the people, shall lose its binding force, they have but to read the history of our country under the Articles of Confederation. “It by some unhappy turn of for- tune the Constitution should be wrecked, those conditions will be re- peated, but intensified in the propor- tion that our population has increased, our territory extended and our prob- lems have become more numerous and_intricate. “The 48 States into which our im- perial domain has finally been round- ed, filled with patriotic, intelligent, justice-loving people, after all con- stitute but the body of the Union. Its soul is the Constitution.” WILLIAM MEYERHOFF. “Washington Avenue” Is Urged in Capital To the Editor of The Sta 1 see by the newspapers that the authorities are receiving many sug- gestions for a name for the projected boulevard from Union Station to Pennsylvania avenue. My suggestion is to name it “Wash- ington avenue.” What name could be more honorable and appropriate? A. M. HOPKINS. PHILOSOPHIES BY " GLENN FRANK 1 have lately been rereading the life of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, that Swiss schoolmaster extraordinary, who, although he died 100 years ago last February, put into unforgettable | phrases and effective practice many of the educational principles for the ad- vocacy of which, in 1927, men are gaining reputations as pioneers. For a time Pestalozzi’s genius domi- nated an educational institute at Burg- dorf in the canton of Bern. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. Q. How did the recent popularity of fhe light blue shirt start?—M. P. A. Warner Baxter says that the light blue shirts men have been wear. ing for a year or more originated in motion pictures. White shirts flected a glare before the camera. Therefore actors began wearing light blue cnes on the set and soon a new fashion was started. Q. What major league pitcher holds the record for consecutive strike. outs?—A. D. W. George Wiltse of the Giants 'k _out seven successive batters v -15, 1908, Dazzy Vance of the Brooklyn Club did this August 1, 1924, Q. When w used in Americ . . A. In 1812 Thomas R. Willlams set up his first power loom in Newport, . 1. It was so imperfect that the business did not succeed. In the same yvear Francis Cabot Lowell brought back from the factories of England and Scotland notes and draw- ings with the.ald of which a power loom was built, followed by a perfect. ed loom which was patented on Feb- ruary 23, 1815, looms being set up in the factory of the Boston Manufactur- ing Co., at Waltham, Mass. In 1816 William Gilmour, a machinist from Glasgow, Scotland, intreduced into Rhode Island a power loom invented power looms first W and known in this country as th “Scotch loom.” This loom was suc- cessful and various manufacturers patterned after it. Q. Do muskrats destroy fish?— G. T. R. A. Muskrats sometimes eat fish, but they capture sluggish kinds main- ly and <eldom harm game fish. When carp were introduced into many parts of this country it was found that the muskrats sometimes invaded ponds and destroyed the carp. This would not now be regarded as a serious loss. Muskrats cause some Joss to the fish culturiat by injuring his ponds and ;‘m:!lhly by destroying the food of shes. Q. Ts there ever daylight from pole to pole?—B. W, A. Daylight extends from pole to pole at the time of the equinoxes. On account of refraction the sun appears slightly above the horizon at both poles when it is at the equinox. Q. Where ars the V. M. 1. cadets who were killed at New Market in the Civil War buried?—M. H. A. Fi cadets were buried in St. Matthew’s Lutheran Cemetery at New Market, Va., for two years and were then disinterred and renioved to Lex- ington, Va., where their remains re. pose to this day. The other four who were killed in this battle were taken by relatives to their respective homes for burial. There were 250 cadets in the fight, nine killed and 48 wounded, May 15, 1864. Q. Please give some facts about the Sh;dke‘:pelro Memorial Theater fund? A. The American fund for rebuild- Ing and efdowment of the Shake- speare Memorial Theater at Stratford- on-Avon has just been increased by a second gift of $100,000 by Edward S. Harkness, according to an announce- ment by Thomas W. Lamont, chair- man of the advisory committee of the American Shakespeare Fqundation. The American fund now totals more than $660,000 and the British commit- tee’s fund $610,000, Mr. Lamont said. The American fund's quota is $1,000, 000. TIn addition to the cost of the theater and its equipment, which is estimated to be about $750,000, there will be an endowment fund for the support of the theater and the main- tenance of a permanent company of actors to perform Shakespearean plays at the Memorial Theater and on tour. Q. Why is Arlington Cemetery so named?—A. T. A. It retained the name of the estate upon which it was placed. The maneion at Arlington, Va., was so named by the Custis family after an old home of theirs on the eastern shore of Virginia. This other place was named for the Earl of Arlington, who received it as part of a large grant of land from Charles II. Q. What is considered the most beautiful forest in France?—G. V. D. A. The forest of Fontainebleu, con. ‘The prospect of a Jackson Day din- ner in January in an effort to har- monize conflicting elements in the The morality and discipline of this school were based on the relations of the family; he was “Father Pestalozzi™ to the children; the children worked away without the lure of rewards or the fear of punishments. The school was magnificently successful. A parent, visiting the institute, ex- claimed, “WHy, this is not a school; it is & family!” “You could not,” said Pestalozzi, “pay my school a higher compliment.” This school at Burgdorf enjoyed a brief but brilllant life of three years before a wave of reaction in Swiss life engulfed it. Later Pestalozzi made a similar edu- cational attempt at Yverdun. But it Democratic party Is viewed by the press with special interest and with a disposition in many quarters to wonder what will be the attitude of some of the party’s chief figures to- ward each other if they meet around a get-together hoard. o The St. Louis Post-Dispatch (inde- pendent) believes that “‘the plan of re- viving this event, which Clem Shaver, chairman of the national committee, has announced, will be greeted with applause by the public and wailing. ‘That is, it will be greeted with ap- plause by the public, and wailing by the politiclans. * * * Andrew Jack- did not work. At Burgdorf want of space kept the number of students un- der 100; the students were much alike, in that they spoke the same langua, muych the same habits and came from a common type of homes. But at Yverdun the stage setting was differ- ent. The student body was large, the students were a varied lot with varied tongue, varied habits and varied ante- cedents. At Yverdun the father idea in edu- cation did not work as well as at Burg- dorf; the students still called Pestalozzi father, but the reality, which had been so real at Burgdorf, had gone out of ;he trolauon between teacher and stu- ent. The superficial observer will say that 100 or more years ago Pestalozzi proved that big schools must be im- personal; that in big schools subject matter must be put first and students second; that the student at matricula- tion musg be set adrift to sink or swim, livé or die, survive or perish. I doubt it. To the end of time really great schools will recognize their re- sponsibility to play tather to their stu- dents. The danger is that fathers will ex- pect schools to play father to their ‘sons in the sense of an overstrict su- pervision and coddling. The fact is that schools face exactly the problem that every wise father faces, namely, how to steer between too much father- hood and too little fatherhood. The father who is too fatherly pro- longs the infancy of his son by over- strict supervision and coddling, until the son never gets the chance to grow under the challenge of independence, The father who is too little the father his son leaderless when he son was a victorious general and a man of honor, but his chief contribu- tion to his country rests on neither of these facts. He will be remembered partly because one of his first presi- dential acts was to free the country from the tyranny of bureaucracy and to establish democracy. * * * Which is surely reason enough why the pub- lic should cheer upon hearing that the Democrats are going to restore old Andrew to respectable standing.” Commenting on the announcement that John W. Davis “will make the har- mony address,” the Little Rock Arkan- sas Democrat (Democratic) remarks: “Mr. Davis must rise to the supreme heights of oratorical genius to keep harmony during the dinner. That is, it the question of prohibition ever reaches the floor of the banquet hall. Can you picture Smith, or Ritchie, or Reed making a speech without taking a fling at prohibition? Or can you imagine McAdoo, or Walsh, or Don- ahey getting very far into a speech without defending it? But perhaps Mr. Davis will be able to avert such a catastrophe. Let us hope so.” “However, if there is going to be a UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR. Ten Years Ago Today Italians urge United States to send soldiers to fight again Austrians and also ask this country to declare war againat Austria the moment Congress leadership. Schools will make mistakes, as fa- thers make mistakes, in trying to steer between too much fatherhood and too little fatherhood. Here is a problem that cannot be solved save by an in- creasingly intimate co-operation be- tween homes and schools. (Copyright. McClure Newspaper Syndicats.) Motor Truck Vibration. From the Topeka Capital. Mrs. Cora G. Lewis of the Kinsley Graphic would like to know the an- swer to this one: “What makes the plctures crooked? You can dust them one morning and straighten them, and the | 200,000 at beginning of the wa next morning when you look at them | present number of 5,000,000. they will all hang crooked. assembles. * ¢ * Former American Asbassador % Turkey says that an army of three to five million Ameri- cans will be needed to carry war to successful conclusion. * * * British fall back from Mesnieres after 10 costly German attacks. American en- gineers, caught in German turning movement, fight gallantly and help British foil the German encircling maneuver. Germans deliver no fewer than 15 attacks against British positions in La Vacquerie, and those in a position to know say more Ger- mans were killed there in 12 hours than in any other spot in the same length of time during the whole course the walls of a house get |of the war. * * * Red Cross War Coun- cilreports increase in membership from to The or- 1s it the | ganization now has 5580 persons in revolution of the earth or is it witches 'ambulance work and & nursing force in the night?" of more than 14, i by an Englishman, Willlam Horrocks. | taining 42.500 acres. is considered the most beautiful in France. The palace which it surrounds was one of the chief residences of the kings of France, and a favorite abode of Na. poleon’s. It lies about 37 miles south- southeast of Paris, Q. In a barouche, do the passen gers face each other, or do all face | torward?—N. E. R A. A barouche is a four-wheeled low-bodied pleasure vehicle, the t jinside seats facing cach other, with |an upper outside seat for the driver. Q. How many students attend the land-grant colleges?—T. B. Gi. A. There are #9 land-grant collnges, each State and Territory maintaining one for white students and 17 States operating additional colleges for colored students. The number of stu- dents enrolled in them last vear was approximately 000, of which 314.- 000 were white and 13,000 colored, and on their staffs were 23,188 professors and instructors. All of the institu- tions are State supported. and their total income in 1925.26 was $129,200 . 000, the Federal Government con- tributing $4,1 00, Q. What is gout called when it set- tles in the elbow?—FE. T, A. It is known as anconagra. Q. What will remove milk stains | from shoes?—M. A. M. A. Milk spots leather and often leaves a white stain—sometimes a brown stain. Soap and water will re. move the white stain, hut nn way of taking out the brown stain is known. The only feasible thing to do is to dye the leather a shade darker than the stain. Q. 1s vegetarianism a new health idea?”—F. M. A. Vegetarianism is not a new cult. It was known as early as history in ancient India and was advocated by Plato, Plutarch and others. It b a_ cult in_ England under George Cheyne in 1671 How many species of willow are 6. E. A. There are nearly 200 species of willow. A bhasket willow is any one of these that produces long. straight rods suitable for weaving baskets. Q. Is Carlsbad Cavern a Govern- ment reservation?—P. w A. Carlsbad C monument “under th the National Park Service. It was created October 25, 1923. It contains 719.22 acres. These limestone cav- erns are of extraordinary proportions and of unusual beauty. Q. the s a national supervision of Q. How many high schools and col- Statisties for 1927 vate high schools. There wil! are under compilation, probably be slight change. Q. What were the favorité stones of the Egyptians?—G. S. A. From earliest time through all Egyptian history are found the lapis lazuli, turquoise. garnet and car- nelian. Dating from about 2400 B.C. other stones high in favor were ame: thyst, agate, emerald and tourmaline. Q. Is it permissible for a bride to exchange her wedding gifts?—N. D. A. She should, never change the presents chosen for her by her family or by the groom's tamily, unless espe- clally told that she may do so, How- ever, to keep a number of one kind of gift. when in need of another, is said by one authority to be “putting sentiment above sense.”" Gen. Robert E. Lee said: “The thorough education of people is the most efficacious means of promoting the prosperity of the Nation.” These words of the distinguished Southern general are. none the less true mow than when he spoke'them. Our Wash- ington Information Bureay is one of the greatest agencies for the distribu- tion of free 'information and educa- tional data in the weorld. Its services are free to readers of this paper. Al you need to do to send in your query together with two cents in stamps for return postage. Address The Evening Star Information Burean, Frederic_J. Haskin, Director, Wash- ington, D. C. Jackson Day Dinner Viewed With Speculation by Press knock-down and drag-out fight amonsg Democrats naxt year,” advises the Atlanta Constitution (Democratic), “it might be well to havs it start in Jane uary. There would be time between then and July for the rank and file to understand the situation and issue armistice and peace orders.” The New York Evening World (inde- pendent) gives the further advice that “if there is anything that the Demo- crats need today more than anything else it is a series of dinners and speeches to remind them that there are party principles and traditions that have come down from the days of Jefferson and Jackson. The sooner they resume their acquaintance with the fundamentals the better.” Nevertheless, in the opinion of the Nashville Banner (independent), “there are Democrats of very many minds, and these would necessarily bring con. fiicting_views. Gov. Smith of New York, Gov. Ritchie of Maryland, Sen- ators Reed of Missouri and Edwards of New Jersey,” adds the Banner, “would find little welcome from the party’s dry contingent. Senator Glass of Virginia says that a wet leadership would ruin the party. Mr. McAdoo 'is on record as opposing any compromise on the issue of prohibition. Then there are differences on the subject of tariff rates. * * * Increase of manu- factures in the South has given pause to many Southern Congressmen. Methods of tax reduction have yet to be agreed upon.” “We wish the Democrats well, but we fear they may not achieve r- mony, and that they will not like. it it they do,” savs the New Bedferd Standard (Republican), with’ the -‘'ex- planation: “Up to a certain point har- mony is desirable, but the minute it is emphasized in such unmistakable fashion as is proposed. the fear that it will be construed as a sacrifice ‘of convictions takes hold.” The Rutland Herald (Republican) also asks: “What nr:;:b harmony if its chief end is in ertia?", & * % 2 The project in itself suggests to the Cincinnati Times-Star '(Republican); need within the Republican party. That paper declares: “The fact that the clashing ambitions of distinguished Democrats make the celebration a po- tential liability does not offset the fact that things are.out of balance because the Republicans have.no patron sain The Times-Star suggests Henry Clay who “espoused what becams Repuhb lican principles with an unequaied ar- dor, and, politically, he was a leader of leaders.” “Andrew Jackson is lool the father of Democracy,” say: Savannah Press (Dsmocratic), “and the revival of the party always dates from the Jackson day dinner. Every- body remembers the great dinner of 1920, which was held at two hotels in Washington City. Democracy was quite rich in presidential candidates that year, and they were all heard from. Woodrow Wilson was lying an invalid at the White House, but he sent a written communication which was read amid cheers. Willlam Jen- nings Bryan was one of the moving speakers, and it will be remembered he opposed the Wilson policy of mak- ing the League of Nations the para- mount lssue of the campaign.”