Evening Star Newspaper, July 28, 1927, Page 6

o THE EVENING STAR With_Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY.......July 28, 1927 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: Pennsvivania Ave, e St.. London 11th St New York Office: Chicago Office: Eurovean Office: 14 Regent England The Evening Star.with the Sunday morn- tne editior: is delivered by ca within hs city at 60 cents ner month: dail " 45 cents per month: Sundava only. 20 cents per month, Ordors may be sent by mall or Velephona Main 5000 Collection ls made by carrier at end of each month Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Eru‘v and 6unday....1 yr. $0.00: 1 ma.. 76c aile oniv .. vr. $6.00: 1 mo’. 50 undav only ", ¥r.. $3.00° 1 mo’ 25¢ All Other Sta v sunday..1 Sunday only Member of the Assoclated Press. The Associated Press I8 exclusively entit 1o the nse for republication of all news di natches credited 10 1t or not otherwise cred- Tied in' this paver and also the local news mublished herein. All richts of nublication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. The Pursuit of Criminals. Two recent tragedies in Washington have brought under public discussion the question of police activity in pur- #uit of lawbreakers. In one a youth was shot to death by a policeman in the of a recl speeding m . which, as events proved, was stolen. The policeman who fired the shot is under charges and his case will be disposed of by the District authorities. In the second and later case a fireman was killed in a collision bhetween the apparatus on which he was riding and, according to the find- ing of a coroner’s jury, a fleeing boot- legger car which was being chased by & squad of policemen. Indignation has been voiced by some citizens at this latest, as at the ear- lier, occurrence, on the ground that the enforcement of the law does not justify the use of deadly weapons, in the discharge of which lives may be taken, or by the employment of high ' speed. which may endanger lives of innocent persons. One especially fu- rious condemnation of the second tragedy comes from a member of the United States Senate, himself conspic- uous in opposition to the eighteenth amendment and the enforcement law enacted under it. Separating these two cases, which are not similar and which involve widely difiering considerations, it would seem to be unmwarranted to score the police for their pursuit of lawbreakers in a manner to cause them to violate other laws than that of prohibition and to endanger the lives of people in their flight. If the bootleggers, who are confessedly engaged in an illegal traffic, are not to be chased because of the risk to innocent persons on the road, enforcement of the Volstead law is impossible. If they are to be allowed to run their illicit loads into town in security because of the chance that in trying to catch them somebody may be hurt, or killed, the enforcement law is repealed in effect. Let there be a clear understanding of the responsibility for these recur- ting tragedies of the road It rests not upon the officers of the law, who, acting under proper orders—to give other orders would be dereliction on the part of those in authority—seek to overtake rum-runners, but upon the bootleggers themselves, . ho, in de- fiance of the law, try to smuggle car- goes of liquor into Washington, or other cities. It rests in part upon those who by their acts and words justify this traffic as legitimate law- breaking. There can be no legitimate law- breaking unless this country is to repudiate its organized processes of government. An unenforced law, vio- lations of which are permitted because of the difficulties and dangers of en- forcement, is a menace to peace and a factor of demoralization. Theodore Roosevelt, when commissioner of po- lice in New York, demonstrated the possibility of enforcing obsolescent and, through official neglect and com- placence, unexecuted statutes. He proved the possibility of doing that which it was claimed could not be done, declaring that the best way to test the worth of a law was to enforce it strictly, and if it was not & good law to repeal it. It is to be| remembered that there were few if | any repeals of statutes following this demonstration, and there were a good many more inmates in the State peni- tentiaries, to the advantage of that commonwealth. There should be no confusion 2hout the responsibility for the tragedies eident to the enforcement of the prohibition law. It should not be placed on those who in obedience to command endeavor to catch the law- as they try to catch the thieves and the murderers and the violators of women and the kidnapers of children. There is no differential category, and the man who flees from the police with a load of illicit liquor must, as long as the law stands on the statute books, be pursted with the same speed and determination as a slayer & to escape from the scene of a homicide, o The ways of publicity are erratic. It sometimes appears to need a divorce procedure to remind the world of the greatness of some of our artists. — e Poor Mr. Rickard! Trom the abject state of poverty nto which a frowning fortune has sunk the estimable Mr. Tex Rickard as a result of his philanthropic ef- forts to promote prize fights which net him only a paltry miilion dollars or 30 each, there comes a pitiful wail. Mr. Rickard suggests that because of the radio, many good citizens now prefer to tune in on his fights rather than occupy expensive box seats, thus Fosing to the ancient and honorable profession of fisticuffs many bright shekels which otherwise would flow fn cliuking rhythm through the box offices. In fact, Mr. Rickard estimates that 50,000,000 persons received a word picture of the late encounter be- chase lessly same being that if the radio public is appealed to the radio public here- after will gladly donate anything from twenty-five cents to one dollar as pay- ment for the privilege of listening in on prize fights. This appeal, of course, will be an- swered, and joyfully, by the radio public. The thought of Mr. Rickard’s manful struggles to keep the wolf from the door; the picture of the prize fighters, who must content themselves with a mean $100,000 and upward as the reward for their upright endeav- ors—why, one can already hear the answer of the sympathetic radio pub- lic. The answer will bear a remarka- ble likeness to that nerve-soothing, demoniacal shriek commonly describ- ed, for want of a better name, as static! —————— In Need of Revision. The Bureau of Efficiency, in collab- oration with the judges of the Police Court, has submitted to the District Commissioners a plan for the assess- ment of collateral for minor traffic offenses which is designed to lessen court congestion. Under the proposed system a motorist arrested for a minor offense would not be required to appear in court, but would be en- abled to put up the amount of collat- eral which would be deemed to cor- respond to a fine. Although the plan in general is excellent and would effectively remedy the present congestion in court, the schedule of collateral which police stations would be authorized to ac- cept appears to have been drawn with little regard to existing conditions. For instance, the ridiculously small sum of twenty-five dollars is all that would be asked from a motorist who obtained his operator's permit by mis- representation, while for obtaining identification tags by misrepresenta- tion the wholly inadequate sum of fifteen dollars is suggested. In the ten-dollar collateral class are such “minor” offenses as driving through an occupied safety zone, fail- ure to give way to fire engines, pass- ing a stopped street car, and such, In the five and three and two dollar classes are other infractions which it is absurd to characterize as *‘minor” offenses. The entire list as now proposed should be immediately withdrawn and some real thought given to compila- tion of a new one. It is inconceivable that a progressive and intelligent com- munity should allow the offender to secure a permit or tags and relieve him of the necessity of going to court by the payment of twenty-five dollars in the first instance and fifteen dollars in the second. The offenses in the ten-dollar cate- gory, such as driving through occu- pled safety zones and driving past street cars discharging passengers, involve the possible loss of life and property, and to let a potential killer off for such a trifling amount makes a laughing-stock of traffic regulation. It is high time that the authorities of all communities should prod them- selves into a realization of the differ- ence between a traffic offense that involves loss of life; injury and prop- erty damage and an infraction that in all its aspects is minor and trivial. The tendency nowadays seems to be | to lump the motorist who drives in- advertently without a-tall light with the motorist who looks sneeringly over his shoulder at the approach of a screaming fire engine and proceeds on his way in the middle of the street. The schedule as now drawn should be summarily rejected by the District Commissioners and a proper and ap- preciative commission appointed to start work upon a list that will dis- pense justice with speed and precision and at-the same time discourage vio- lation of the traffic regulations. The present list can be construed as noth- ing but an invitation to the major violators of the safety laws to do as they please as long as they have a few dollars in their pockets. ———— ‘When a lady includes throwing plates at photographers as a part of a wedding breakfast, she should, in all hospitality, provide gold plates worthy to be carried home as souvenirs. pse— A French Appeal. According to a dispatch from Paris a number of French people of promi- nence have organized a committee to appeal to Gov. Fuller of Massachu- setts in behalf of Sacco and Vanzetti, now under sentence of condemnation to death for murder, whose case the governor is reviewing. They have adopted a communique addressed to the American people stating that if these two men are executed every American who later visits France “will be received with the usual wel- come, but there would be between us a chill, a shame, that neither you nor we would understand.” The commit- tee, it is indicated, will shortly come to this country “to give all possible aid to the convicted men.” ‘The most interesting feature of this movement is the inclusion in the per- sonnel of the committee to come to the United States of Alfred Dreyfus, once the object of a persecution that aroused the keenest sympathy here, and afterward fully exonerated and now living in retirement. It is obviously the purpose of those organizing the French appeal to util- 1ze Dreyfus as an influence to arouse American sympathy for the two men who, unless the governor intervenes in their behalf, will soon be executed for murder. % Captain, now Colonel, Dreyfus was accused of treason, was convicted by court-martial and sentenced to impris- onment on Devils Island, a French penal colony off the coast of South America, a place of terror and torture. As a result of an agitation by Emile Zola, the French mnovelist, he was granted a retrial and in consequence {of the skill in the handling of the case by Maitre Labori, an advocate of skill and courage, he W acquitted. The case against him was proved to be a tissue of lies. A most amazing conspiracy against him was proved. Those who participated in it were ex- posed, some were punished, one at least died by sulcide. This revelation, with its attendant acquittal of the in- tween Dempsey and Sharkey, and the thought of 50,000,000 persons getting that word picture for nothing almost drives Mr. Rickard to tears. gives 20 he calls an lded, THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €. THURSDAY, JULY 28, 1927.° THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. many months and upon ita conclusion the restitution of the accused man to full liberty and citizenship Without any stain upon him was halled as a triumph of justice by millions of peo- ple outside of France. The defenders of Sacco and Vanzetti have heretofore likened their case to that of Dreyfus on the ground that they have been persecuted because of their political beliefs as radicals and that they are in fact innocent of the crime of which they have been ac- cused and finally convicted. In the Dreyfus case it was contended and was believed that he was persecuted because of his race. Certainly events proved that Dreyfus was innocent. At this moment the Governor of the State of Massachusetts, giving to this matter his most conscienticus and im- partial attention, is weighing the evi- dence given against Sacco and Van- zetti and is soon to announce his con- clusion. It may well he doubted whether a French committee can pos- sibly have any influence upon his de- cision, or whether the presence of Col. Dreyfus would be a factor to affect his judgment. It would indeed be bet- ter for the French delegation to re- main at home and transmit the ap- peal, not to the American people at large, but directly to the Governor of the State in which the crime occurred, who is alone today responsible and who it is now clear will not be swayed by sentiment or moved by gestures in his course, ————— New York s greatly relieved by the adjustment of a situation which threatened to tle up transit. Roads are filled with motors and the skies will soon disclose innumerable air- ships. Nevertheless, the old afxiety as to whether the street cars are run- ning will be keen as ever. Primitive methods of transportation cannot be effaced. It was once thought that the motor would supersede the horse. It has not even put the wheelbarrow out of business. B The “ghost” in modern journalism is becoming a matter of concern. A famous athlete apparently dashes off columns of print while engaged in one of the battles of his life. The “ghost" is the one who haunts him, and like a sort of astral body, expresses him in semblance to the world. The athlete, like Dr. Samuel Johnson, needs his Boswell to make his deserved fame secure. i —————— There Is pathos in the protest of Mr. Tex Rickard that a prize fight is deprived of revenues by the radlo. People who might have bought the extremely expensive seats remained at home and listened in free. If prize fights could be conducted with no gratuitous publicity whatever, the best seats would probably be available for about $10 each. et For some time Mr. W. G. McAdoo has been depicted in cowboy attire. This historic Summer in the Black Hills has enabled the G. O. P. to dem. onstrate that the large hat and chaps are by no means limited to the prop- erty room o; the Democracy. ————— ‘Mussolini is trying to define in prac- tical terms the relations of employ- ment and manufacture to money. It is frequently the fate of the aggres. sive politician to experience danger in the fog of abstruse economics. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Turning of the Leaves. In . ~tober, when the leaves begin to .urn, And the sun has ceased so cruelly to burn— When the katydid is singing, And the breeze is gently bringing The autumnal stories we have longed to learn— That's the proper time for holding a debate Upon matters very small great. TUnderneath the Summer sizzle, Reason often seems to fizzle, And a friendship may be shattered while you wait. or very So, the time when we in calmness may discern Various rules for peace, which all de- sire to earn, ‘With a look through history’s pages, At the wisdom of the ages, Is October, when the leaves begin to turn. Vacationless, “Have you enjoyed your vacation?” “I never take a vacation,” answered Senator Sorghum. “This rural free dellvery is a great system, but it ren. ders it impossible to avold answering letters all the time, wherever you are.” Cooler. For altitudes I fain would try, And with the .clouds aloft make friends. For as the airship travels high, The old thermometer descends, Jud Tunkins says a man ought to tell his wife all about his business, if he can persuade her to stay awake and listen. “A treacherous friend,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “may be use- ful, provided you can see far enough ahead to benefit by the friendship and evade the treachery. Mapping a Career. “My son, you are not diligent at your books.” “To speak the truth, father, I think it's dangerous to know too much. A prize fighter walks away with mebbe a million dollars, while a college pro- fessor can't afford the price of a ring- side seat.” Spraying the Caterplillars, With joy we view the butterfly, Although we know one Summer night . Its caterpillar brood will try To eat up all the trees in sight. ‘When it has reveled for a day In gorgeousness and careless mirth, With a reformatory spray We seek to sweep it from the earth. “When de Summer gits hot,” said jured officer, shook France to the foundations and had a profound po- litical effect, The “affaire Dreyfus” held the attentiom of the world for Uncle Eben, “a lot o' folks can't help feelin’ irritatious an’ scrappy. Dar is mighty few dispositions enough prproot. who Today we consider a real garden, located right here in Washington and passed daily by thousands of people who do not see it. The cause for this lack of vision is the location of the place—in a hollow at the side of a house which faces a brick wall upen it. But the wall is covered with wood- bine, and the trees around the edge of the Sunken Garden, as we call it, together with varlous shrubs and weeds in the vacant lot to the west, combine to hide the place from view. Perhaps In no garden in the world have plain, every-day weeds been put to such good use. Unless the passer- by has the eye of the gardener and is forever on the outlook for beauty spots, he will miss this place. Unless he glimpses the bright flow- ers growing below the street level he is likely to be fooled by the rank growth of weeds into thinking that the garden is merely a part of the vacant lot. Utilization of ordinary weeds as part of the boundary hedge to the garden is one of the clever features of the place, in which we have never seen a human being, by the way. * kK K An inspection of the Sunken Gar- den, however, shows that some one works there to much purpose—some one who loves and understands the flowers. The entrance is by a short flight of impromptu steps made of old stones of gray texture. The bottom one is loose, tending to tilt the intrepid in- vestigator post haste into the flower There {8 a sense of peace and quiet in the garden, despite the fact that this is a much-traveled street, along which automobiles, busses and trucks whizz all day long. Down in the garden, however, there is only the buzz of the bumblebees to attract attention. To the east stands the huge wall of the house, unbroken windows, totally covered by the woodbine. ‘Thus a green background of herolc proportions salutes the visitor as he gingerly steps down the none too firmly placed stones. Next the house is a planting of the old reliable altheas—rose of Sharon— member of the hollyhock family and first cousin to the hibiscus. The althea bushes serve to ‘“tie” the garden to the house, or the house to the garden, as you please. This “tieing” business 1is an intangible necessity, it is true, often sneered at by crass souls, and yet it indubitably exists, : The paths in the Sunken Garden are of pebbles, larger than gravel and not so pleasant to walk on, but en- tirely in keeping with the al fresco spirit of the place. Between the paths lie the beds. Each bed is well mulched. ‘Whoever owns this garden knows the need for cultlvation, the stirring of the soil which assists plant growth and conserves moisture. Surely it is a pleasure for one who loves gardens to come into a place such as this and to find everything shipshape—garden shape, indeed. There is no one here, but the hand of the absent one is everywhere visi- ble in these well mulched beds, in these trim bushes, these zinnias grow- ing so primly here. Our guess is that most of the plants are set out, as the shade from the trees would seem to render the grow- ing from seed impossible or tremen- dously difficult. The_ zinnias were not more than a foot high, but in good condition, whereas our own plants were 215 to 3 feet high and covered with blossoms. ‘We remembered from our visit no petunia plants, but several mornings later, when passing the Sunken Gar- den, were greeted with a blaze of pur- ploand white blossoms, In addition to the woodbine and the altheas, tho garden contains cosmos, dahlias, salvia, pot marigolds, lilies, roses, hardy phlox, spirea, hardy chrysanthemums, iris and a shrub with a peculiar flat panicle of dull- red flowers, in bloom at this time. ‘The paths are twisting in character, and the beds, therefore, of irregular shape, befitting such a snug inclosed placo as this, The zinnia bed in particular evinces a prim disposifion. The plants are set well apart to allow for branching. Most amateurs incline to crowding of all flowers. 1t is difficult to see the hods as they will be a month, two months, hence, s0 six inches each way seems large for the tiny seedlings. But the gar- dener must think in terms of com- plete growth. He should take the ad- vice of the hard-hearted seedmen who grow the seed and place his plants at transplanting the necessary distance for best growth. O The cosmos was in good shape, as Wi the salvia; also the marigolds. There were several kinds of lilies, in- cluding lemon lilies and another with large buds. One rosebush was inclosed in a sort of cage made of rough boards, some- thing on the order of the hoxes placed around young and struggling trees by a kindly municipal government. There were also several more rose- bushes in a bed, but there were no blossoms at the time of our brief ramble through. The hardy phlox was particularly pleasing in white and dark red. This is a fetching plant in any situation, requiring little care. Once planted, it only needs to be divided every now and then to do its best. More use should be made of it by back-yard gardeners. * % %k X All in all, the Sunken Garden seemed in a most flourishing condi- tlon, considering the lack of sunshine, the prime need of growing things. Yet evidently there is enough late afternoon sun to do the trick, for everything in the garden seemed in good condition, although a trifle be- hind the season. Nor must one forget that in those beds repose various bulbs, such as tulips and hyacinths. Last Spring the purple hyacinth and various white flowers made a glorious picture. Our only criticism of this garden s that there 18 no place for one to sit. A garden should not be all work, but should be a place for quiet contem- plation as well. Perhaps there is a concealed nook for the owner which visitors do not find. We hope so, for with so much beauty around one ought to be able to sit and enjoy it for a space. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. “Your pride of race, which has in- creased since the war, your wonder- ful assurance that you alone know what is right, makes it very difficult for Europeans to love you,” said M. Andre Tardieu, the French statesman, was high commissioner to America during the war, and is now a member of Poincare's cabinet. He infers that he does not love us, and he furthermore intimates that France should repudiate her debt to us; it is too difficult to pay a creditor whom one does not love. “The Berlenger-Mellon agreement will never be ratified,” says M, Tar- dieu. “No French government will ever take the responsibility of binding France for 62 years, Our people would never understapd and our Parliament would never approve., The debt agree- ment is dead. If that ultimatum had been spoken In German, Instead of diplomatic French, it seems likely that Senator Smoot, member of the American Debt Commission, would answer it with one expressive word: “So?" As it is, he is obliged to use several expressive American words to indicate that the “‘dead” is only “playing ’possum.” “When M. Tardleu was about to take his departure,” says Senator Smoot, “he asked me if I had any word to send to the President of France, and I replied: “Yes, there are two words I would ask you to convey: First, that I shall never ask the United States Senate to ratify tl settlement until after the French Senate has ratified it, and, second, that so long as I can prevent it, France will never get a better set- tlement.” “One morning during the negotia- tions,” added Senator Smoot, “I said to M. Tardleu: ‘If we wipe out all the loan to Friice made during the war, for carrying on the fight, and consider only the debt for supplies and goods sold to France after the armistice, will you agree to settle that on the same basis that Great Britain settled? He repiied that he had not figured up what that settlement would amount to. The final settlement was even more liberal than that.” * ok kK In the light of Senator Smoot's statement, there can be no further argument as to how much the United States fell short in its financial sup- port of the war, for every cent of war loan is donated to France in the pending settlement—and it amounted to more than $3,000,000,000. All that we ask is payment for goods sold to France after the war—and sold for 20 cents on the dollar of value—over $2,000,000,000 worth sold for $407,000,- 000, and that $407,000,000 not paid yet, nor liquidated in bonds. Not only does M. Tardieu advocate repudiation of the national debt and honor, but he does so in the light of France's treatment of her saviors in the war, wherein she charged rental for every acre occupied by the Amer- ican camps and trenches even while we were fighting in her defense, and for every acre occupied now for ceme- teries of Americans who died in her defense. This has been questioned and contradicted, but it is now confirmed by Senator Smoot. As for the burden which America Is charged with putting upon France by extending the time within which she may pay her debt, 62 years, it is usually counted as a favor to be lenlent in collection of debt, through granting long extensions. “Why,"” says Benator Smoot, “if they want to pay it all in 10 years, Heaven help them! The faster they can pay the better. They protest against the small installments we ask of them, but next year Germany is to pay France $310,000,000, and there will then be due from France only $407.000,000 for goods bought after the armistice at 20 cents on the dollar, and much of which was then shipped and sold at a profit in the American market—until we stopped it by law. They sent to our market automobiles, mule shoes, men’s underclothing, caps and shoes they kept the bacon and sugar. Yet our object in selling the surplus in France at such a price was to pro- tect our own market for American producers after the war, and to help France by nc:lfl:lng '.LIQ goods.” "You know how ignorant. the peo- ditions, and yet vou are just as’ig- norant of European conditions,” says M. Tardieu. On what is that charge of mutual ignorance based? Is it based on the fact that at least a million tourists from America visit Europe annually and there spend about $500,000,000 each year, while not more than 1,000 French tourists come to America, and usually limit their travels to the cities of the Atlantic Coast States, spend- ing, according to Senator Smoot's esti- mate, about half a million dollars? If travel makes for broadening in- formation of foreign lands, would M. Tardieu apply arithmetic and estimate that United State: knowledge of France is to France's knowledge of America as $500,000,000 is to $500,000— about 1,000 to That does not take into considera- tion the full year or more of living in France by 2,000,000 svide-awake doughboys. LR However, it seems probable that on both sides of the water much may be learned from reading M. Andre Tar- dieu’s books. For instance, he twits us with charging interest on what France owes, and says in his recent interview published in the magazine the Na- tion’s Business that a loan between friendly allies ought never to draw any interest—it is a friendly accom- modation. Much light may be thrown on that allegation from M. Tardieu's own book, “France and America,” pub- lished last year. On page 157 he records as to the World War: “America was at war. But what war? Alllance? From the first day the United States insisted that it was not an ally, that it would only act as an assoclate; that the war aims of the others would not be its war aims, that it would have its own war aims, from which nothing should turn it. The United States declared its war, not the allies’ war, * * * No, the war President Wilson declared was an American war, American in inception, American in spirit. No, Wilson de- clared a narrowly national war, which, although rivaling the selfishness of Salandra, deserves for the same rea- sons the respect and gratitude of France.” That is testimony of Andre Tardieu, 1926; now where does the same man get his authority for accusing the United States of being a derelict “ally” of the allies? He has testified that it was never an ally. Another extreme of such as M. Tardieu. sets up the claim that the entire war, from beginning to end, was a German-American war, and that the real objective of the Kaiser all the time was to brush aside Euro- pean nations, as of annoying but in- consequential importance, since his real aim was to conquer America, which would make him master of the world. Such being the case, our only proper course was to have accepted the challenge even when it was laid upon Serbia before Belgium and France — innocent bystanders — had been hunt. America was to blame for it all! Perhaps that is why France charged rental for the use of her ter- ritory for camps and trenches during the war, and accepted our cash pay- ments for all stores and munitions purchased in France, according to Senator Smoot, at exorbitant rates. * K K K ‘Once the idol of France” testifles M. Tardieu, “the United States is to- day without worshipers. Financial power is the only means of influence you have left.” It has long been an axiom that the way to lose a friend is to lend him money. But what else has America done for France? Look again at M. Tardieu’s own book—page 164—and read his own words. He describes the starvation in the devastated region occupied by the in- vading German: “In February, 1915, Gen. von Heer- ingen reduced the daily rations to 140 grams of bread and 40 grams of meat. Nothing could be had at any butcher shop. But for the offal thrown away by the military kitchens and a few purchases in German canteens, the people would have starved to death before the end of the first year. “Salvation came, from the commit- tee for relief ol d oover. Formed in ! A e PHILOSOPHIES BY GLENN FRANK A ney assault is being made on the farmer’'s pocketbook. One of the in- teresting happenings in the business world is the recently rising tide of in- terest among advertisers in the fai.n market. In the mass of material that flows over my desk, I have discovered dur- ing the last week, five articles and ad- dres on the farm family as an im- portant buying unit. Just when the agricultural politician is painting the farmer in the color of distress, the business doctors are pointing to the farmer as a growingly good customer too long neglected b the advertiser., & Here ave the sort of things they are saying about him: That, despite his difficulties with ation, with low prices on farm ts that he sells and high prices ory products that he buys, and with surplus crops, he is not so badly off after all. Thut_his average income has been abov: $2,000, even through these difli- cult postwar years, and that this 000 farm income is as good as a $3,000 city income, for the following reasons: The farm man raises much of the food he eats. Tho city man buys all of the food he eats. The farm man produces all or most of the fuel he burns. The city man buys all of the fuel he burns. The farm man'’s house is part of his businass plant. The city man's house is in addition to his business plant. That the farmer may work harder and have less mun to spend, but that the city man has to spend the larger part of his income for ' ings that the farmer can pick from his trees or’ dig from his furrows. That he has been cured of the land- buying habit since the collapse of land prices in 1920, and that he is now spending his money in improving ths land he has and for comforts and con- veniences that used to be scorned in order to save up to buy “that other hundred and sixty.” That he eats more than the city man; that he eats at home more than the city man does; and that he fis, therefore, a man the food producers should keep their eyes on. These articles and addresses are in- teresting because they are not the Pollyanna pronouncements of agita- tors against a square deal to the farmer, but professional studies by men concerned to cultivate good cus- tomers, (Copyright, 1927.) =S vkl Drugless Doctors Are Given Praise To the Editor of The Star: The articles that appeared last week on the front page of your paper relat- ing in detail the experiences encoun- tered by the writer upon his visits to chiropractors, osteopaths, etc., are both interesting and ludicrous. In this progressive age new theories are ever passing before us. According to our own individual intellectual per- ception, these theories are either studied carefully or cast aside. “Heal- ing without drugs or knife,” as your reporter terms it, has been practiced for a number of years, and because the general “ailing public” have not here- tofore educated themselves to the fact that proper adjustment of the nerve centers of the body 1 absolutely essen- tial to health, is there any logical rea- son why truth and the way to perfect health and longevity should not be accepted now? Sensible people by the thousands are turning every day to chiropractors, etc., to be cured of dis- eases that possibly for years have been relieved only temporarily by drugs and operations. There is no doubt that the medical doctors and surgeons are beginning to notice a slump in business. Hence the action of the association which re- cently convened in Washington to oust the drugless doctors, who should be called “saviors of mankind.” From my own experience and the experience of my friends, I consider the drugless doctors as good. or even better. diagnosticians than the drug practitioners, in spite of thelr pre- sumed better training. Besides, if the drugless doctor does diagnose incor- rectly, the patient is in no danger of Injury or death from poisonous drugs. People are beginning to think for themselves and are learning rapidly Just what kind of doctor is best for human ills. It is left entirely to the doctor to work out his destiny, as the idea of deceiving the patient has long passed. If the doctor is incompetent, he will soon retire from the profes- sional world from the lack of patients. EMILIE A. GUILL. Stories on Healing Get Commendation To the Editor of The Star: I wish to express my commenda- tion of the articles on medical healing which have appeared in your excellent paper the past six days. They give a comprehensive, impartial and intelli- gent review of the ridiculous situa- tion which we have here in the Dis- trict. Such a review cannot fail to produce good results. JAMES M. MOSER. N Tissue-and-Bone . Pathology Defended To the Editor of The Star: ‘With reference to the series of articles now appearing in The Star evidently with a view to poking fun at chiropractors and osteopaths, it is very well to remember that there are two sides to every story, and also that it is the easiest ‘thing in the world to use ridicule as an argument against anybody or anything. Taking up the other side, for instance, a sick man might elicit a dozen diagnoses from as many M. D.’s and obtain a dozen prescriptions for his allment. A great deal depends on the character of a patient, the story he tells and the symptoms he details. Ridicule or no ridicule, the fact re- maing that the theory of tissue-and- bone pathology originated by Dr. Andrew T. Still 40 years ago, and now dogmatized whether by oste- opathy or chiropractic, has come to stay, and the sooner every medical college in the country adopts it as part of the regular curriculum the better for all concerned. But neither school, nor a combination of bhoth, can stop the fatal march of human cells, beginning at 40 and ending somewhere between that and 60, through the gantlet of circulatory, nervous and organic disease, consequent upon the “three squares” a day, the “eats,” the ‘“chow” of devitaminized rubbish, ashes, popularly alleged to be food. HARLES H. BURKE. private gifts, some extra comforts to inhabitants who, it belleved, were being fed according to the laws of war. As soon as it was started, it found itself feeding, and obliged single- handed to feed, seven and a half mil- lion Belgians and two and a half mil- lion Fremch, from whom Germany had taken everything and to whom she refused to give anything. ‘Why, then, does M. Tardieu find it “very difficult for Europeans to love” the hand that fed them while they were starving? He expressly states: “Foodstuffs were thus distributed in this region to the value of more than 10 million francs ($2,000,000). Later, clothing was distributed to the ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERI Q. Where is the Atlantic Ocean the saltiest?’—A. J. F. A. The salinity of the Atlantic Ocean varles. he maximum salinity occurs in two afeas—one in the North Atlantic, near the African coast; the other in the South Atlantic, north of the Tropic of Capricorn, near the South American coast. The range of salinity is from 3.70 to 3.75 per cent. Q. What would be the result if all the colors were blended together?— L. B. L. A. The Bureau of Standards says that all the colors of the spectrum blended together give white. If ali the colors of a paint box are mixed together, the result is generally a drab dark-brownish color. Q. In mountain driving does the car going down hill or the one com- ing up have the right of way’—R. G. A. The courtesy of the road gives the car coming up more consideration. Q. Where does the city of Venice get fts drinking water?—V. H. A. The drinking water is brought in through an aqueduct which passes under the lagoon: Q. Please give definitlon and pro- nunciation of “Fianna Fail. J. AL W. A. “Fianna Fail” means soldier of Ireland, and is pronounced “Feeanna Fall.” Q. Are fewer corsets being manu- factured nowadays?—C. R. A The modern corset or corset-| brassiere bears slight resemblance to the old-fashioned one. Even so, the establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of corsets, brassieres, brassieres, bandeaux, cor- materfals and allied products in reported products valued at $77,- 214,839, a decrease of 1.1 per cent since 1923, Q. Where was Mount Ida, and why was it so named?—I. D. 8. A. The famous Mount Ida in myth- ology is in Asia Minor. Ida was an appellation for any wood-covered mountain. The Latin name was “Idaeus Mons.” Q. How high does the earth’s at- mosphere extend’—R. L. R. A. The exact helght of the earth’s atmosphere is not known. Some esti- mates based on the calculated heights of shooting stars when they first be- come luminous place the limit at which atmosphere has a density suffl- clent to produce any observable ef- fects at about 200 miles. Q. Was there ever English money called “jack”?—M. C. A. “Jack” in England is a slang term for a farthing, the smallest de- nomination in English coins. Q. Why are seidlitz powders so named?—W. H. A. Seldlitz powders are so called because their composition resembles that of the natural water of Seidlitz, a village in Bohemia. Q. What part of the Constitution is called the bill of rights?—A. C. S. A. The name is commonly given to the first 10 amendments to the Consti- tution of the United States proposed in the first Congress that met after corset- | t C J. HASKIN. the adoption of the Constitution itself and ratified by the necessary number of States in December, 1791. They appear to have been added in an effort to satisfy the objection made by many that the Constitution itse'f was not sufficiently specific in defining the rights of the citizens. Q. Where 1s Jackls Coogan in school?—D. M. A. The latest information concern- ing Jackie Coogan 1s that he is at- tending the Urbane Military School, Hollywood, Calif. Q. What is the name of the famous St. Gaudens' statue in Rock Creek Cemetery, Washington, D. C.>—D, Se 3o . A. The statue by St. Gaudens in ¥ Rock Creek Cemetery 18 correctly called the Adams Memorial. §t. Gau- ns had no intention of symbolizing t in designing the figure. He said th to him it represented the soul f: ace with the greatest of life’'s que: s—"“If a man die, shall he live : St. Gaudens was com- missioned by Henry Adams to design a memorial for the late Mrs. Adams, who died suddenly from paralysis of 4 the heart. Detailed information con- cerning the statue is found in the imllnbim -aphy of the sculptor. It has heen sug: ed that St. Gaudens was influenced in his conception of the figure by the poem called “Nirvanah,” by Hildegar Hawthorne. Authori- ties believe that St. Gaudens w to express universality and an |ity. “The pedestal of the statue was designed by the late Stanford White. Q. How long did it take Ab Jenkins ri car from New York to San A. His time was 86 hours and 20 minut: elapsed time. He started from New York on June 14; Q. How many children did the Czar {and Czarina of Russia have? When were they born?—A. A. A. There were five children. Olga was born November 15, 1895; Tatiana, ® June 10, 1897; Marie, June 26, 1899; Anastasia, June 17, 1901, and Alexls, August 12, 1904. The story that the ar and his entire family were exe- cuted at Ekatrinburg, Russia, July 1918, is now an accepted fact. Q. How long will it take a lilag bush to bloom which was started from a small sprout’—L. B. A. The Bureau of Plant Industry says that a lilac bush may bloom any time from 2 years to 10 after plant. / ing. There is no accounting for its behavior in this respect. Q. When did the first Jew settle in New Mexico?—G. M. A. S. J. Spiegelberg was the flrst piloneer Jew in New Mexico, settling there in 1846. The resources of our free informa~ tion bureau are at your service. You are invited to call upon it as often as you please. It is being maintained by The Evening Star solely to serve you. What question can we answer for you? There is no charge at all ex- cept 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Address yoyr letter to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic_J. Haskin, director, Washe ington, D. C. Rumania a Potential Center Of Disturbance, Says Press What is to be the future of Rumania? This question is agitating not only that turbulent .country but also the whole world since the death of King Ferdinand. The recent visit of Queen Marie to this country brought the little Balkan nation vividly to the at- tention of America, and editorial com- ment is widespread on the life of the late King, the possible future before little King Michael, the dangers that lie in a regency, the potentialities in the position and possible activities of Carol and on the part Queen Marie may play in the drama that will be enacted in the next few years. Says the Toledo Blade of the late King: “It was Ferdinand’s fate to rule over the turbulent Balkan nation during one of its most trying periods. The World War brought civil discord in Rumania. Marie succeeded in keep- ing the nation out of the war at first and then in putting it on the side of the allies.” This action was signifi- cant, for, as the Cincinnati Times-Star points out, though Ferdinand himself was a “scion of the imperial Hohen- zollern stock, he was loyal to the allied cause in the World War, and his country served the cause under handicap with energy and fidelity.” The fact that the couple came to the throne “only a few months after the World War broke out” added, as the Kansas City Post says, to Ferdinand’s “arduous task, that of ruling a Balkan kingdom in the maelstrom of conflict- ing interests, fighting for Rumania's entrance into the war.” As the Tulsa Daily World pictures the situation, “protege of the two most powerful empires, he took the throne when those two empires were about to clash in a struggle which shook the world and changed the course of history.” This paper calls him ‘“really a con- script king,” as it relates how ‘“he was selected for political purposes, and the clique which made him king never relinquished its hold. It is very likely that Ferdinand never had a fully self-respecting hour or ever felt that he was really a monarch,” con- cludes this paper. EEE . As to the regency which comes into power with the accession of little King Michael to the throne—Prince Nich olas, younger brother of Carol; Patri- arch Miron, head of the Orthodox Church, and Chief Justice Buzjudau— the Wisconsin State Journal charac- terizes the three as follow “Nicholas is hardly smore than a figurehead, the patriarch and the chief justice are creatures of Bratiano.” Of the last the Journal says: “For a generation the’ Bratianos have been the power behind the government in Rumania, whatever the surface presented to the public, members of the family taking and leaving office and open respon- sibility according to immediate polit- ical exigencles, but constantly main- taining their grip on the reins behind the scene.” Y¥or this reason the Jour- nal sees ‘“‘nothing changed in Rumania S0 far. The Brooklyn Daily Eagle also re- gards the regents as only “nominal, and states that “the real ruler will be Jan Bratiano,” wha the Detroit News regards as a ‘“strong adminis- trator, commanding a huge majority in _the new Parliament.” But, according to the opinion of the Philadelphia Inquirer, Bratiano is not the only power in Rumania, this pa- per declaring that “the dominant fig- ures for some time to come are likely to be Queen Marie and M. Bratiano,” and a quarrel between whom “would portend rough political weather in Rumania.” 1In fact, as the Birming- ham News sees it, “The only point of light in the whole proceeding is the presence of the dramatic and virile Queen Marie,” who, as the Cleveland News says, even when the King wa: alive, “overshadowed him completely, while the “Bratiano family overshad- owed fhem both.” The reason the royal family retains a semblance of prestige, according to the Rochester Times-Union, is because “the govern- Ing class finds in the monarchy the place is wished, willy nilly, on a baby who has no voice in the matter but who must henceforth tread the path of thorns charted for him.” As the South Bend Tribune phrases it, “few American youngsters will envy him his position. Being a king is no longer the ideal position of power in these days of waning monarchies.” The Columbus Ohio State Journal pictures the boy King “surrounded during his boyhood by designing peo- ple, who will flatter him, fawn upon him and run him. He will be the cen- ter of intrigues and plots. The poor little child may even be put out of the way by a crooked cabal of courtiers or a crazy mob of revolutionists.” The Newark Evening News finds ‘“some- thing pathetic, though winning and romantic, about the figure of the little ¢ King stepping with unsteady feet on the stage of European politics. For in the carefree childhood left behind there was something far more precious than the crown for which it has been exchanged.” Among the potential foes of Mich. ael’s kingdom are his own father and the Carolites in Rumania. *“What will Prince Carol do?” is the question Joom- ing large in the thoughts of ail those interested in the peace of the world, as the American press views it. Carol is “lawful heir to the throne, and the fact that he had renounced his heire ship in no way affects his rights,' says the St. Ifilul’ Piun.eer Press. * “Though he has been warned against any effort on his part to retract his renunciation, his course in the next few weeks will be watched throughout * Europe with some anxiety,” remarks the Chicago Daily Ne ich credits him with having some “strong friends among the higher officers of the army,” and says “a military coup on his behalf is far from impossible.” The Asheville Times {dentifies Carol with “the lberal political thought of his country,” while the “Bratianos and the other powerful ultra-conservatives strangled infant liberalism.” The Hartford Daily Courant notes that “Carol has strong support in the Na- tional Peasant Party,” and believes that between him and the enthroned powers “a probable contest is looming p.” When they do come to a grapple the world may expect a whole series of news sensations from this interest- ing Balkan state,” according to the Grand Rapids Press. Declaring that the governmental record of Rumania is unsavory, the Wichita Beacon voices the opinion that “Carol, if successful in taking the throne, would be no improvement. He is a rounder and a rake, and has shown himself to be a ca His movements are im- portant, however, bepause, as the Dayton Daily News says, “anything that disturbs Rumania disturbs the Balkans, and anything that disturbs the !;nlknm disturbs Europe and the world.” UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten Yeamo Today Another contingent of American troops _arrives # safely at European port, disembarks and quickly entrains for its new quarters. Men in high spirits, * * * American Army faces big task behind the line. An enor- mous number of men are needed in France and unlimited supplies from home. ¢ ¢ * Hoover is elated over food outlook and declares American people have already done more in 4 months than the Germans did fn 12 ® ¢ * Sanitary 'safeguards at Army cantonments to be the very best in existence and models of their kind. * * ¢ Provost Gen. Crowder demands fairness in draft and warns draft boards there must be no hesitation 1in conscripting those who are liable. * * ¢ After support of its own power,” and this people, many of whom were wearing coats made of ticking, dresses cut out of bed linen, overcoats made from threadbare blankets, and shoes lined with sacking.” This must be a true deseription of what these “selfish and greedy Amer. lcans” did, for even M. Andre Tardieu SO% Y25% e o paper wonders “if the day will ever come when Michael the First will gov- ern in his own.nghg". an all-day conference Senate finance committee decides to hoMd up Mc. issue raise ’ ' »