Evening Star Newspaper, September 17, 1926, Page 8

8 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY... THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office 11th St and Pennavivania Ave. New Vork Ofice: 110 n Chicazo Office: Tower Building. Buropean Office. 14 Regent St. London. | ngland. | The Frenine Star, th_the Sunday morn- toe edition. is delivered by carriers within the city at 80 cents per month: daily only. 5 cants mer month: Sundave only. 20 cents r month. Ordera mav be sent by mail or Jephane Main 5000 Collection is made by earrer at end of each month. ‘Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. | )+ v Sunday v £0.00:1 mo i BERS anc Suniny. . 1 w20 D020 oo Sunday only 111yr.$3.00: 1 mo.. All Other States and Canada. aiiv and Sunday..1 vr. $12.00: 1 mo.. S, ailr only yr. €R00:1mo unday of (1vrl $4.00: 1 mo. 00! e | b B | Member of the Associated Press. atehes redited 1o 11 o ered Mo i {his maner and atep the lova published Termn . A1l richta ‘of nublieation | Al d'Snatches herein are alen reserved = Murder in Mexico. Murder of an Ame citizen in Mexico by bandits creates a diffienlt situation, which calls for both action by this Government the same time int of feeling toward the government Mexico City. The United States alveady instructed fts representative at that capital to make representatio to the Calles government urging it 1o do its utmost to arrest and punish the slaye further 1t is questionable further be done. government would appear to have ready acted. Federal troops were pursuit of the band when the murder was commijtted d two of its men of an and at res at ha indicated. Indeed. whether anything The Mexican steps are in September 17, 1928 | t 42nd St. ; | the liquor issue? bhers were slain. Mr. Rosenthal was killed by his captors. it would seem, when they found that they could not obtain him and when they were by the troops. Thus there is evidence that the Mexican government acted 1 good falth and it would he hazandous r the United States to question the sincer- ity of its endeavor. This latest victim lessness, Jacob Rosenthal quent visitor in that country. He was familiar with conditions. Indeed, he had had an earlier adventure there in 1913. during the Madero revolution, when his apartment was invaded by federal troops, who used the building as rtillery post and caused costly damages, clatms for which are still unpaid Rosenthal was in Mexico on this occasion as a tourist. When captured by the bandits he was with a party on u visit to Cuernavaca, a week-end resqri near the capital. The trip to that point ordinarily requires three hours and can be made in safety The bandits ap- ansom for pressed has m of Mexican law- was a fre- in normal conditions. pear to have wait for their prev. taking whomever they thought would serve as a hostage for ransom. A member of the American diplomatic establishment, it is known, narrowly escaped capture by the same band. The American case against Mexico not weakened by the w ils in this coun- t that fact nevertheless stands as a consideration. This Government guarantee secu- rity of its own people or of the na- tionals of other countries visiting here. Should a British or a Mexican visitor to these shores be caught by brigands and held for ransom the United States could do no more than to endeavor to rescue him, or if he rmed or killed to punish his abductors. It can expect no more from another government, however great the outrage. Many Americans have lost their Nves in Mexico during recent years, in the main as a result of the break- down of authority there over large areas incident to changes of govern- ment, revolutions and piots against the established administration. Those who have gone to Mexico on business and have suffered injury or death at the hands of lawless 1orces are in a somewhat different category from those who. like Mr. Rosenthal, have gone ther: tourtsts, sightseers, pleasure seekers and onlookers and have come to grief. The latter have taken their in a disturbed country, in which the ordinary guar. antees of security have heen wen ened. Mexico has not formally asked not to be visited, but its failure to do 50 cannot render that government Ii- able for atrocities committed by out- laws. Tain in is Arily fact try. neces: that Bu factor crime prev cannot were hi chances a ince is unable to prevent insulting references to Americans from | irresponsible sources, the people here join in honoring Fonck, the French ace. There is no use in being small | and retaliative. r————— A Happy Ending. The extraordinary case of Midship- man Earl Blair Zirkle of Kansas has just been brought to a happy ending through the patience of the Navy De- | partment and a change of heart on the part of the midshipman. Last June, when other members of his class proudly pped up to receive their commissions ensigns, Zirkle was conspicuous his absence. Ques- by tioned as to his behavior he announced that he was through with the Navy and wanted to resign. Naval rules forbid the resiznation of ensigns un- til they have served for two years, on | the theory that return for a | free education should be given the | Government, so that Zirkle was sent, still 2 midshipman, on the customary Summer cruise. On his return to Annapolis recently Zirkle further complicated matters by refusing to take the regular thir day leave given to all midshipmen. For the past few days, however, he has been conferring with classmates and officials at the academy, and yes terday it was announced that he had changed his 1 and the Nav: partment had agreed to give him his commission It would seem as il this case was a triumph for second thought. Zirkle has had time to ponder over his pre- dicament. The Navy Department has steadfastly refused to recede from its some position, partly because of Zirkle's good record not only in the academy but on the Summer cruise, and partly because a bad precedent wauld have been set if he had been allowed to re- sign. The midshipman, of course, may have at last realized that his at- titude was not a practical one, but it is much better to believe that he de- cided that Navy life was not so bad, after all, and that he might as well make the best of it. Despite his in- auspicious start he will probably be- conte a valuable member of the serv- ice. in no wise embarrassed by his early error of judgment.- oo Is Liquor to Be a Party Issue? The Democratic party in Connecti- cut, in convention, has declared for repeal of the eighteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States. No pussyfooting there. It re- mains to be seen what the Democratic State convention in New York will do with this issue. In some quarters it has been urged that the New York Democratic party need not write a | wet plank into its platform, that with Gov. Smith and Justice Wagner head- ng its ticket sufficient “wetness” will have been shown. But such a course would scarcely meet with approval of @ large part of the party in the Em- pire State. Coincident with the action of the Deniocratic State convention of Con- necticut on the prohibition question, William A, G atic nom- inee for Governor of Massachusetts, has declared that he is a wet and will make his campaign for election as such. Will he be able to drag former Senator David 1. Walsh, candidate for election to the Senate against Senater William M. Butler, along with him on So far both Walsh and Butler have avoided this issue. It does not appear reasonable to suppose, however, that the Democratic ticket in Massachusetts can long remain only haif wet. The declaration the Demoarats of Connecticut against the eighteenth amendment and the announcement of Col. Gaston that he will run as a wet for Governor of Massachusetts are merely further manifestations of the impossibility of keeping the prohibi- tion issue out of party politics. It is true that prohibition was written into the JFederal Constitution in non- partisan, or rather bipartisan, fashion. But as prohibition has become again an issue at the polls, the difficulty of keeping it a non-partisan issue has be- come more and more apparent. And gradually, notwithstanding the arid- ness of the “solid South,” the Demo- cratic party is being more and more forced into the roll of crusader for the wet cause, Tt is true that in some States the Republican candidates for office are running as ‘“wets,” because in those States wet sentiment is supposedly strong. But Republican State plat- forms have not declared for repeal of the eighteenth amendment. It is true that in New York Senator Wadsworth has announced himself in favor of re- pealing the prohibition amendment, but the Democratic party in New York is more solidly wet than the Repub- lican. In Illinois George E. Brennan, Democratic national committeeman, is running for the Senate on a stric ly wet platform. Indeed, it is his sole issue. Harry Hawes, Democrat, is a wet candidate in Missouri for the Senate against a moderate Repub- lican, Senator Williams. The effort of the Anti-Saloon Teague in the past has been to work through both political parties in the dry cause. Tt has been highly success- ful. Its effort now will be to prevent either party in national convention from declaring for the wet cause. There is little doubt, however, but that the results of referenda on the liquor question in many States, and the elections of candidates for office in November, will have their bearing on the matter. Some of the drys are already convinced that the national campaign in 1928 will be fought out along wet and dry lines, and the wets are earnestly hoping that this may be the case. If so, will the Democratic or the Republican party carry the wet standard? What will the South do if the Democrats should nominate a wet presidential candidate? R on, Democ: by Gene thinks he can whip Jack, and Jack is sure he can whip Gene. The preface to all prize fights is practically the same, and only the wit and inge- nuity of the sporting writers serve to make it interesting. 1If true justice were done, the sporting writers would claim the llon’s share of the gate re- ceipts. R The Vanishing American? The “Vanishing American” has ceased to vanish, according to Charles H. Burke, commissioner of Indian af- fairs. Indeed. Mr. Burke says, the Indian population of the United States has increased during the last decade | by 16,585, to a total of 349,595. To millions of the citizens of the United States the Indian 1s little more than a myth, revived at times through | the medium of a traveling “Wild West show.” As a matter of fact there are today 200 Indian reservations, with a combined area as large as the States of New England. They still cling to | their tribal institutions and organiza- tion, with 193 tribes extant. The fostering care of the Govern- ment has made possible a consider- able development of the Indians agri- culturall, industrially and educa- tionally. Some of the Indians today are rich in their own right. Many are poor and still need the assistance of the Government. But it appears that the day when the only “good Indian" was a dead Indian has happily passed. During the World War the American Indian showed his patriotism and his valor. Ten thousand Indians served in Uncle Sam’s Army and two thou- sand in the Navy. Ten thousand more were members of the American Red Cross and provided a great mass of material for use of the armed forces. Furthermore, they subscribed to §25.: 000,000 of Government bonds. The efforts of the Government in | behalf of the Indians, so long wards, have been persistent and effective From an early day Congress has felt the, justice of caring for these wards of the Nation, who were despoiled of THE EVENING their lands by the advancing whites. Since 1871 Congress has appropriated a total of $460,000,000 for the support, education and civillzation of the In- dians. Thousands of them have shown marked development ana improve- ment. Lands valued now at hundreds of millions of dollars have been set apart for them. ——— e Ready to Go. Capt. Fonck has been delayed again in his hop-off for the New York-Paris transatlantic flight. A leak in one of the gas tanks was discovered just before the big plane was to take the air yesterday. Inclement weather off Newfoundland threatens to hold up the flight for another day or so. From almost the beginning ob- stacles have beset this project. First there was a controversy regarding the kind of ofl to be used, followed im- mediately by dissension between the pilots. A few days later Lieut. Allen Snoddy, slated to navigate the Sikorsky plane on the flight, was forced to drop out because of illness. A leak in the gasoline tank and stormy weather have now contributed their bit to delay and worry. Troubles seem to follow the plan- ning of projects of great magnitude. The New York-Paris flight is no ex- ception. It has certainly had its share by now. But the plane has exceeded expectations in its performances, and there & hope that no further difficul- ties will arise. Capt. Fonck has as- sembled a capable crew, and when the weather man says “Go” the big ship will be given the “gun,” pointed toward Paris, and a confident and harmonious band of four adventurers will expect to land at Le Bourget within thirty-six hours. — o Exiled politicians have long heen accustomed to seek refuge in Paris. The anti-Fascisti who go there are not content to spend their money in the quest of traditional gayety. They cling to the habit of political agita- tion and are even suspected of pro- moting fireworks displays for their original home towns, which are far from safe and sane. e There was a time when a seat on the New York Stock Exchange was not very hard to secure. There is no relationship between the Stock Ex- change and the League of Nations, but it may be as well for Spanish statesmen to remember that oppor- tunities do not last forever. S No motion picture star in announc- ing an engagement or a divorce fails to mention that a new film is in course of preparation. Those who belong to the public must not be surprised to find business intruding even into mat- rimony. ——— Chicago has a population of over three million people. In spite of the sensational episodes which startle readers of the news from that city, most of them are well behaved and seriously concerned with the needs of social betterment. S, Italy blames Paris for entertaining foes of the Fascistl. Paris has always been a favorite place for politicians of all kinds and degrees who happened to be for the time unoccupied. mE T It may have been deemed necessary by some of the Chinese to precipitate a clash with foreigners in order. to re- mind the world that a large and ex- pensive war is in progres T T Suspicion gathers that Aimee Me- Pherson neglected her sermons in or- der to gather material for a motion picture scenario. ———— Swimming the English Channel will be indulged in as a popular outdoor sport until Winter sets in, a few weeks hence. D, o One desirable form of disarmament would be to take his motor away from the reckless driver. R One advantage of the primary sys- tem of elections is that it prolongs the suspense. ————s SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON The Actor’s Part. An actor read his part with care. The author, modest person, Since wicked plays were in the air, Had tried to write a worse 'un. The plot was in a modest vein, Now grave, then somewhat gayer, And vet its meaning was not plain Unto the gentle player. He sighs, “The times are out of joint Upon the page there flashes Full many an exclamation point, Preceded by long dashes. A Sinister Impressiol “I unde there was money used in that election” “I don’t know.” answered Scnator Sorghum, “whether I would exactly call it an election. It looked to me more like an investment.” much Tdealism. We're prayin’ for help from above Toward a world that is free from all blame, Where all might be brotherly love, Were politics out of the game. Jud Tunkins says a conceited man nearly always gets the worst of it, through being a bad judge of human nature. Busy Grand Jury. . Philosophers advise in vain And preachers waste their fury, The bulk of business seems to gain Each day for the grand jury. The Impractical Utilitarian, “What a wonderful invention airship Yes,” answered Farmer Corntossil. “But it would be more useful to hu- manity if instead o' droppin’ bomb- shells, it could lay eggs.” the Day’s Journey. Into the traffic jam you drive, AS on your way you press; And if you get back home alive, The trip was a success. “Religion,” said Uncle Eben, “brings comfort to de mind, but is liable to make a conversation disputatious.™ STAR, WASHINGTON, THIS AN D. C D THAT FRIDAY, S BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Why should one go to the Zoo Wwhen he can see a more interesting aggregation any day by dropping into the restaurant next door? We love to see the people. Men and women, after all, are the most interesting animals in the world to their fellow human beings. These are the animals which we have agreed to endow with souls. Our poor dogs must go without souls to all eternity, leading a verita- ble dog's life in so far as prospects for immortality are concerned. Cats, horses, cows, hens, guinea pigs, bears, lions, giraffes, wolves— domestic and wild animals, one and all, lack souls. And, of course, no one will admit a cockroach or other crawl- ing creature to own one. It is the soul, therefore, that looks out from those blue eyes, that inter- ests as we sit at a little table in a restaurant, pretending to be doing nothing but drinking a cup of coffee. How woefully we are fooling these people! We are mentally taking notes of their appearance, their dress, their carriage, the very contour of their souls, because we are Interested in ! them, and propose to write an article about them. You, kind reader, are doing the very same thing swhen you sit in res- taurant. whether you realize it or not, and whether vou ever write them up or not. The writing does not make so much difference, but the observing does, 0 sit selfishly, never deigning to look around one, is to miss “‘seeing the animals,” as it were, the most de- lightful animals—our own kind! x ok kK What a solemn old party that is sitting there reading his paper! He has thin red hair, and a pair of gold spectacles, and a mouth that turns down at each corner. in the manner of the top side of a circle. He holds his paper at a perilous angle—perilous for his eves, that is. Maybe he would be easier standing on his head. We know one man who has to turn a printed page practically upside down in order to see it properly. The subject under discussion simply has to get his page slanted 47 degrees, evidently. \We wonder what he has done, or what has heen done to him, to slant his mouth down so. The mouth is supposed to be the most flexible and tale-telling feature, next to the eyes, and some would put more stress on reading the mouth than the eye. One may tell the most whopping lie, and still look the other party in the face, but the astute will be able to detect a twitch to the mouth, they de- clare. In times of stress and sorrow every one knows how difficult the mouth is to control. It is like weak knees, it assails one without : leave. and makes one feel both foolish and helpless, something like a night- mare, which he knows to be a dream, vet one from which he cannot escape until the appointed time. The observer may legitimately won- der, therefore, what course of life the red-haired man has led which has so distorted his mouth lines, pulling them down so, instead of leaving them ready to turn up into a smile.* Is this a grasping, covetous soul, one that has turned its daughter into the street because she violated some decree of mankind, of which she knew nothing? Or is this soul simply sim- mering in its own misery, until the good God shall take it away? * ok x K Here 'is a simple country town for the big parade. is in girl { | Phere was a distinet touch of the tragi-comic in the circumstances un- der which the State Department ¥ terd: news of the latest Mexican outrage on American life. September 16 is Mexico’s Fourth of July, and the 116th anniversary of her independence was marked by a gala luncheon party at the emba; Sec- retary Kellogg, Undersecretary Grew and Assistant Secretary of = State Wright were barely back at the de-} partment 5 minutes before dispatchies \rrived announcing the murder of Jacob Rosenthal. The news put a cor- responding damper on the festive at- mosphere generated by the Me. Ambassador's brilliant enter ainment. {1t is now certain. that one of Pr dent Coolidge’s immediate preoccupa- tions on his return to Washington will be our eternal Mexican problem. Ad- ministration patience for months hi hovered near the breaking point. How long Mexico's devious diplomacy will be countenanced once again becomes an acute question. Many Americans familiar with the psychology of the situation believe the lifting of our em- bargo on arms shipments would be the quickest means of bringing Presi- dent Calles to his senses and to our terms. received ERE Definite end of chaos in the air by January 1, 1927, was the gratifying promise made by Senator C. C.-Dill, | Democrat, of Washington State, at the banquet of the radio industries in New York this week. Radio legisla- tion was caught in the end-of-the-ses- sion jam of Congress earlier in the summer. Senator Dill declares that all differences between House and Senate bills will be ironed out in con- ference before the holidays. and a law enacted speedily afterwards. The Na- tion at large, in consequence of the vast hook-up which carried Dill's speech for and wide, heard the assem- bled radio magnates cheer the young Western statesman to the echo as he pledged that the new law would place no shackles on their giant industry. Applause was particularly thunderous for Senator Dill's deciaration that no form of government censorship in the broadcasting realm is contemplated. He favors regulation of radio by a Federal commission rather than the Department of Commerce. “‘Herbert Hoover is ahove partisanship,” ex- plained Dill, “but we have no assur- ance that Hoover will be Secretary of Commerce for any length of time.” { Senator Reed Smoot, Republican, of Utah assailed and defended in the forum at Philadelphia the other His detractor was Dr. | Ellery . Stowell, president of the| Better Government League, of Wash- ington, and his eulogist was Col. Clar- ence O. Sherrill, city manager of Cin- cinnati and formerly a director of pub- lic buildings and grounds at the Na- tional Capital. Stowellexcoriated Smoot for abusing the powerful influence he fexerts at Washington, espec reference to civil service affairs. gress proposes,”’ Stow S Smoot disposes.” valiantly to Smoot’s rescue and told the members of the Pennsylvania Civil Service Association, which was | the scene of the discussion, that Smoot | had saved the United States more money than any man in Congres “The Senator never asked me to waive civil service restrictions,” said Sher- rill. Dr. Stowell's organization, which keeps a_hawklike eve on the weal and woe of Federal personnel, has adopted one of Will Rogers' quips as its offi- cial slogan: “Watch the Government and report the facts.” s Undoubtedly the defeat of Senator Rice W. Means, Republican, for re- nomination in Colorado fs the heav- jest joit the Ku Klux Klan has yet suffered in the domain of national politics. He succumbed in a straight- was same night. i ill_came {both hail auota, She is in white, in perfect taste, yet probably a style of two years ago. Who cares? Her _stockings are strictly up-to-date. Her coloring 1s of the Creator's authentic touch. Her soul would step forth as a homely, comfortable soul, one that it would be a great deal better to know than any number of these pretty silly souls one sees Eoing around in neat bodies. Over there is a beetle-browed, red- faced party, thick as a barrel. His wife Is of a similar construction. Both have the healthy look of the outdoors. These are the backbone of America. If their souls might go on parade, you would see no flimsy stuff, but staunch souls you might take be- tween finger and thumb, and feel as one might a sample of cloth. Up in the morning early, with days devoted to thoughts of the crops, the children and the weather—these are the good souls that one ought not to examine too_closely. g Yet what worry and perturbation they cause the youns minister fresh from the city! simply cannot get them interested in spiritual things,” he says, mournfully, to a confidant. “All they are interested in are the crops and the weather. They sit and listen to me, but I know they do not ally understand a word I say.” He feels that he cannot stand the stultifying life he is leading much longer. The life of his flock is too . 'too material, too ah—unspirit- ual, as it were. Shall we, or shall we not, sympa- thize with the good brother? * k% Kk ¥ Across from them sit their daughter and son-ndaw. It may be the other way around, of course; it is pretty hard to be sure about such things. The daughter is stylish, fresh- faced, with cool blue eyes, and an air of knowing exactly what she's about. She is dressed in pale gray from head to foot. with a collar of gray fur around her coat, torn from some un- uspecting squirrel one bright day just when he was singing “God’s in His Heaven, all's right with the world.” The lady ecats poached eggs with equanimity. 1f we were such a pretty lady, and were so obviously posing before the world, we would rather hesitate about tackling two full-grown poached eggs in public. She, however, does not blink an eve, but handles her fork with the precision of Fate itself, and eases sections of egg, trimmed the white, into her flashing at intervals. She gives us such a_ glance from those bright eyes, we feel like hop- ping up and hollering, right out loud: “Lady, you certainly can eat poached eggs! Her husband admires her greatly, as well he may. He has rumpled brown hair of a nondescript hue, and tanned cheeks with lines in them, made where the creases come. Most people have nondescript hair, not really vellow, or actually brown, or positively black. The melting pot is melting. No wonder gentlemen prefer blonds! Here are two dapper young city chaps. They do not interest us much, for we see their kind every day. We prefer yvonder tanned man with bright blue eyes, and foxy jaws, tvpe of the small-town man. He is good- humored, shrewd, kind-hearted; we would be safe in trusting our money to him. with mouth WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. out Kian conflict, the principal ue of his victorious opponent, Charles W. Waterman, being Means' identification with the Kluxers. Two y ago the Colorado “realm” of the Klan rocked with violent internal dissension. “Im- perial” authorities at Atlanta decreed there must be a new “grand dragon” for the Silver State, and Senator Means long has ranked as the most promising candidate for that position. The Klan has bossed Colorado poli- ties for the past four vears, and Means' defeat may denote the col- lapse of its power. Waterman, now Republican nominee for Senator, is a Vermonter, like President Coolidge. He is ane of Denver's most prominent and prosperous corporation lawyers, having long been general counsel of big sugar, railroad and other clients sometimes dubbed “the interests.” Senator Phipps, the other Colorado solon, and chairman of the Repub- an senatorfal campaign committee, vas on the losing side of the Means- aterman duel. Democrats present a united front in Colorado and, with | former Gov. Sweet as their candidate, hope the G. O. P. feud will enable them to win in November. * ok ok Ok Everett Sanders, President Cool: idge’s right-hand man, is on the secre- tarial job at the White House again, after a Summer “holiday,” seriously | wracked by illnes He and M Sanders went on a voyage of recupera- tion to Central America, but found that fame hounded their footsteps and made a real rest impossible. Wherever the Caribbean liner aboard which Sanders traveled put in for a call, no matter how short in dura- tion. homors and functions awaited the assistant to the President of the | United States. But Sanders is a Hoosier and a former Congressman, he bore up bravely and becomingly. He feels that he has completely tri- umphed over the internal malady that put him on the bench at the end of July and is now ready for the strenu- ous political season that confronts (he White House and its exalted tenant. * ok ok ok Secretary Kellogg's troubles are not exclusively foreign affairs. Purely American’ affairs irk him from time to time, too. People who want to circumvent the Immigration laws are constantly badgering the State De- partment. s a rule, they're inter- ested in aliens ‘who are in such a hurry to get to our sainted shores that the quota. restrictions for_given countries are obnoxious. Mr. Kellogg is ohdurate on these occasions, basing himself squarely on what the laws permit or do not permit him to do. Recently two cases were on his d ne from Chicago. Museum there wants to import, w out delay, a distinguished British scientist to hecome curator of one of its departments. But John Bull's of American-bound _emigrants is full for another 18 months and the savant in question must wait his turn, So must an Englishman whom a great Chicago firni wants to bring over, even though an entire new industry, ready to employ 400 or 500 Americans, devends upon the skilled worker rival. * ok ok x Wallace Thompson, Washington newspaper man, has just put a some- what neglected portion of the West- ern Hemfsphere on the literary map with a book entitled “Rainbow Coun- tries of Central America.” It has timely pertinence because of the pend- ing rumpus in Nicaragua. Thompson points out that the policy of the United States has unjustly been held responsible for Central America’s fail- ure to make ftself really safe for democracy. “The method of achieving EPTEMBER 17, 1926. Library Methods In U. S. Are Best BY CARL H. MILAM, Internationally Known Librarian. The delegation of forefgn librarians which will soon reach tne United States indicates the world-wide inter- est in the popular library movement which has developed in America dur- ing the past 50 years. These visitors will observe the promptness with which books request- ed are obtained for readers even in the large libraries; the generous privi- leges granted to readers, access to the shelves, the privilege ofwborrowing several books at one time; and some of our special features, such as chil- dren’s rooms, branches for business men, hospital library service, book au- tomobiles, library schools, our schemes of classification’ and our catalogues, etc. These features are generally thought to be more highly developed | in America than in other countries. America is recognized as having made an important contribution to civiliza- tion in placing libraries on a demo- cratic and popular basis. But there are interesting and im- portant developments of the popular library movement in other countries, some of which have been observed recently by the writer. In October, 1919, one year after Czechoslovakia became an independent country, a law was passed requiring all cities, towns and villages to estab- lish public libraries within specified limits of time. Now, after this law has been in operation seven years, 85 per cent of the people are said to have access to public libraries. America has had an active library movement for 50 years and there are still 50, 000,000 people in the United States and “anada (45,000,000 in the United States alone) who do not have access to lo- cal_public libraries. Eleven years ago the Carnegie United Kingdom Trust established a policy of aiding in the development of county libraries in Great Britain. Now we are told practically 99 per cent of the people ir. England, Scotland_and Wales have some sort of service from county libraries. The county library movement started in America over 20 years ago, but we now have only 223 publicly supported county libraries out of a possible 3,065. Individual municipal and county 1i- braries in America may be better than similar institutions in other countries, but Czechoslovakia and Great Bri have outstripped us in the compre- hensiveness of their service. Moreover, there are public libraries in other countries from which Amer- ica can learn much. It is possible, for example, in Glasgow, Scotland, a city of 1,000,000 population, to get from any one of the many branches within from two to four hours any book which is on the shelves of any other branch In Germany a system of interli- brary loans exists, which makes avail- able to scholars anywhere in Germany the resources of the university, tech- nical and state libraries, which are scattered through the republic. A public library has been establish- ed in Leipzig which caters exclusively to the people who wish to read only the best books. It has books of all kinds, but a very limited number in each class—an experiment which America will watch with interest. To supplement the collections of im- portant books in small libraries, espe- cially the types of books needed by adult students, there has been estab- lished in England the Central Lend- ing Library for students. The serv- ice of this library makes it possible for a serious student anywhere in Great Britain to get practically any book he wants, either from or through his local library. Kurther develop- ment of service of this type in the States and provinces of the United States and Canada Is one of the rec- ommendations of a special commission of the American Library Association, which for two years nas been study- ing adult education problems from the librarians’ point of view. (Covyright. 1026.) THINK IT OVER elative Value of Various Foreign| Languages. By William Mather Lewis, Prosident Georze Waehington University. President Coolidge was recently re- ported in the press as “favoring an intensive campaign among American schools to foster the study of the Spanish language,” and as having urged his son to pursue this subject during his next college year Secretary Kellogg and Hoover are also advocates of this language, the latter urging that “the study of Spanish, if not made compul- sory, at least possible in every Ameri- can high school.” Toreign language study i into its own in the United question now arises, atudy ach taught- “rench, Secretary coming ates. The “which shall I language generally German, Spanish, Italian—has some definite practical use. Prof. Henry Gratton Doyle enumerates these as follows: French is the language of diplo- macy, of international intercourse. German is useful for advanced studies in almost every field of knowl- edge. Italian is indispensable to the musician, the artist, the lover of fine and applied arts. Spanish is now coming into own, culturally and_practically. It is the 'language of 70 million people with whom we have the closest | sible ties, political, commercial, cu tural. People of Spanish blood are our nearest neighbors of foreign speech We cannot change geography or history. Both of these link up irrev- ocably with our sister republics to the south. President Coolidge is right in urging that our schools rec- ite ognize this special position of Span- | ish, without prejudice, of course, to the study of other languages. Whether the language be Spanish, French, German or what not, we should have it taught in such a way that it gives our youth something besides scholastic credit—namely, an active element in the success of his career. The Great American Symbol From the Hamilton Spectator. Reversing the algebraical voters will be expected to stand for the known quantity ——— Come On, John! From the Indianapolis Star. : If some Englishman doesn't paddle across, it may be necessary to change the name of that Channel. formu let forcement of a poli t recognition of America as something given a Central American government only if it has come to p hout stain, political or moral.” The “rain- how countries” of Costa Rica, Hondu- ras, Nicaragua, Salvador and Guate- mala are depicted by Thompson as rich in beauty, culture and economic possibilities. * ok ok K The prohibition authorities in Wash- ington are smiling over some news from Marshfield, Oreg. Last June a worthy named Bill Smith was sent to jail for 90 days and fined $100 for | violation of the Volstead act. His wife applied to the county authorities for a subsistence allowance of $40 a month while Bill did time, and got it. When the United States' ideal of independ- ent, .orderly, constitutional govern- ment,” says Thompson, “has included, and apparently still includes, the en- he was released the other day and couldn’t pay his fine, friend wife stepped up and handed over $100— suved from her allowance! Q. Please advise me if there is any way to preserve leather on a_tan cow- hide traveling bag.—J. M. W. ‘A. When a cowhide traveling bag is not in use it should be rubbed with saddle soap, wrapped in news- paper and put away. Q. What is the average expense per $1,000 for the redemption of Federal Reéserve notes, Federal Reserve Bank notes and national bank notes’— H. K. ‘A. The average expense per $1,000 for the redemption of Federal Reserve notes was 46 cents, for Federal Re serve Bank notes $1.33 and for na- tional bank notes 83 cents for the fiscal year ending June 30, 192 Q. How does Michigan rank with other States as to exports?—E. H. 1L A. According to a recent report Michigan ranked third among all the States of this country in exports to foreign countries during the first quarter of 1926, having jumped from eighth place last year. Her exports for that period were exceeded only by New York State and Texas. Q. How did the word prayer orig- inate?—W. D. T. A. The word “prayer” is from the Latin “precaria” or “precari,” mean- ing to pray. The word also is de- fined as a petition, suit beseeching. Q. How many tons of coal will a bin 11 feet long, 7 feet 2 inches wide and 7 feet high hold?—J. ¥. K. A. A coal bin of the size you de- seribe will hold about 15 tons of hard coal or 13.2 tons of soft coal. This, however, varies considerably with the kind and size of coal. Q. Will you please inform me just what steps the Jews have taken to organize or set up a country of their own?>—W. C. A. The American Zionist Assoc tion of New York City has been G ganized with the purpose of repopulat- ing the Holy Land with orthodox Jews. Q. Can you tell me when the well known song “Sally in Our Alley” was written?—W. O. H. A. The date when Henry Carey wrote this song is not known, but it was first published in 1 Q. When was the first Woolworth store established?—H. J. G. . A. The first Woolworth store was established In the Winter of 1879 at i N. Y., and was removed to Pa., the same year. Q. What part of New Jersey, if any, is included in metropolitan dis- triet of New York?—G. R. B. A. The counties of New Jersey in- cluded in this district are Bergen, Es- sex, Hudson, Middlesex, Monmouth, Passaic and Union. Q. Barrymore has ever “movies”?—M. A. C. A. Miss Barrymore has played in the following-named pictur “The Nightingale,” “The Awakening of Helena Richie,” “The White Raven,” “The Lifted Veil,” “Whirlpoo] The American Widow,” “The FEternal Mother,” “Lady Frederick,” “Our Mrs. McChesney,” “The Divorcee” and “The Superwoman."” Q. What was the amount of the prizes offered in the world competi- tion plans Chicago Tribune Building>—F A. The p 000. Q. Has any American discovered a chemical element?—S. A. B. A. Prof. B. S. Hopkins of the Uni- versity d to be the Can you tell me whether Ethel played in the amounted to $100,- of Tllinois is first American to accomplish this. lle discovered illinfum. Q. How much money is ly for diamonds?—B. M. A. It is estimated that about $57.- 900,000 is annually spent on these. About two-thirds of the diamonds used are produced in the Union of South Africa and the South-West Protectorate. pent year- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. . Q. Will you kindly tell me which is correct, “I am angry at you,” or “I am angry with you"?—A, A. The choice of the preposition to use after the word “angry” de- pends upon the word which is to fol- low. The speaker is angry at an ob- ject and with a person. Q. Was any station in communi- cation_with the ship Arctic?—A. S. A. During the period from August 5 to September 24, 1924, the West- inghouse station (KDKA) maintain- ed communication with the ship Arctic while on its _expedition to the Arctic regions. Upon the ship's return, it was reported that messages nt on short waves by the East Pittsburgh “station were received at Cape Sabine, within 11 degrees of the North Pole. This is the farthest north radio messages have been re ceived. Q. How man air will it take foot of liqn A. About 800 ¢ ordinary temperatu are required to foot of liquid air. cuble feet of naturai to make one cu 0. U. feet of air at and pressure produce one cubie Q. What proportion of the average American family allowance for food is spent for dairy products?—B. J. R. A. Studies made by the Depart- ment of Agriculture show that out of each dollar expended for food by the people of the United States, ap- proximately 20 cents is applied to dairy products. Q. Do the royalties to the Gov- ernment under the mineral-leasing pn‘xgnyl 80 into the Federal Treasury? A. This is an erroneous impression which many have. Under the present law per cent of the royalties and 5 per cent of the net proceeds from sales of public lands are turned back to the State government fin which these lands are located. Ffty- two and a haly per cent of the royal- ties and approxXimately 60 per cent of the receipts from the disposal of public lands are diverted to the reclamation fund to be used in the West. Only 10 per cent of the royul- ties and about 35 per cent of the land receipts revert to the United States Treas Q. Which is the older college, Ox- ford or Cambridge? I mean the Eng- lish colleges.— A, Oxford 1id to have heen founded by King Alfred in 872, Cam bridge dates from 12537, Q. Will you plea eggs are sometimes s out of the shell when boiled?—I. H. B. A. It has been found that when a fresh egg is taken immediately from the nest and boiled the white sub- stance sticks to the shell. However, if the egg is allowed to cool in a re- frigerator or in cold iater befor boiling, the shell should peel off easily Q. Is there any uniform speed regu- tation throughout the United States? —J. E. G A. Not at the present time. There has been much discussion of the sub. ject and the Bureau of Standar sug- ts that the following law be idopted, and that all conflicting laws or regulations be repealed: *“No vehi- cle shall be operated at a speed such that it cannot be stopped within the assured course ahead.” It is said that this suggestion is meeting with general favor among traffic authori ties. e tell me why ard to take Frederic J. Haskin is employed by this paper to handle the inquiries of our readers, and you are invited to call upon him as freely and as often as you please. Ask anything that is a matter of fact. and the authority will be quoted you. There is no charge for this service. Ask ichat vow want, sign your name and ad dress, and inclose 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Address The Fve- ning Star Information Bureau, Fred ¢ric 1. Haskin, Director, Washington Local factors such an portant part in re 1 pri maries that the press finds difficulty in drawing definite conclusions as to their effect upon national issues. The results, the Chicago Daily News expresses it, “have been far from clear and not purely national.” In the Wisconsin, New Hampshire, Geor, and Nevada contests the Wichita Beacon tindependent licam holds “the fact probat the Coolidge factor was only a (hing. President Coolidge is still per sonally strong,” the Beacon, “but has not the powe hold the admin istration group together in a dramatic ting orzanization such as was pos ed by Roosevelt. T ollettes and Brookk footing radical candidates to throw the Republican ma pery into disorder. If there should he some great crisis, there would be a recrystallization, no doubt. But at present, there is not enough dire to national policy to keep any going steadily toward any given point of the compass. lach State is hold ing its own little national issues con ect in its own way, and in each there is a different shade of interpre: tation from that of the others.’ On the World Court issue, Lynchburg News (Democrati serts that “about the only the belt of the anti-Court date are those of Senator Gooding of Idaho, who recanted to save hi fitical place, and of Senator Lenr who was really slain by the La lette ring. The net result is such as to make Senators vored the Court to quake vVisibly in their boots.” The Chic Tribune (independent Republican), however, argue: ator Lenroot probably “would have won handiiy in spite of the opposition of the La Follette-Blaine machine if he had not been a_champlon of the League Court, and it he had come out frankly against Volsteadtsm.” * ok ox * played ent senator as that inor ¥ ¥ rts and other the for not who fa “We have seen,” says the Syracuse Herald (independent), “Senator Taske L. Oddie of Nevada and Walter F George of Georgia, World Court ad herents, renominated by emphatic ma jorities. In both of these contests the World Court issue was agitated by the reactionaries. Add to thesc the uncontested renomination of Senators Butler angl Cameron in Massachusetts and Arizona, respectively, and it will be scen that four of the six senatorial I primaries of the week have yielded popular ements of pro-World Court record: Against this showihg the Herald concedes the antis can point to one gain in Wisconsin. due to a variety of causes, and to renom- ination of George H. Moses of New Hampshire, whose strength in his State was to be expected. But the Santa Barbara News (inde pendent Democratic) thinks “if either the supporters of the World Court or its opponents can extract much con i solation out of the results of the re- cent primary elections they must bo easily satisfied. The explanation of the situation probably is to be found in the fact that other Issues almost always enter into the campaign, and the further fact that many regard the court as a closed incident.” As to the gencpal effect of the pri maries on the Cosdidge administration, Ne Repub- | ives the | on | party tate | Coolidge and World Court Debated as Primary Echoe | the New York Democratic) says: World (independent publican leaders |have been quick to grasp the mean ix;-g of ex-Gov at of Sen ator Len in the Wisconsin pri- |mary. It signifies that the |last hope of regular Republican con trol of the next Senate has vanished |into thin air. The Senate may show |a Democratic majority, and if it does |not. the progressive Republicans will hold © balance of power.” T Ma Uni independent | publican) also offers the opinion Lready the die is cast in the matter Senate control in the Seventieth Con | It is irrevocably lost to the | present Coolic administration. I {Is unmistakably shown by @ cursory stu the outcome of those pri maries for the nomination of Senators hus far held. Those yet to come ma enlar the proportions of the los« {but they cannot recover lost ground Blaine's defe ot almost. ey “Democr: the S | pendent bee Le | by Moses | World Cour an able ts genera enectady Democratic) aceording zette (inde “will regret to ousted and Bass beaten For the Democrats wdvocates, and Lenroot leader f(or the cause, Moses fousht it. Nevertheless, Buss and Lenroot ranked as Coolidge en, and for five months the country has been expressing its opinion just me way on the slogan adopted by he’ Republican leaders, of ‘Stand by the President | _On the other hand the Columbus Ohto State Journal (Republican) he- lljeves that “the outlook for admin- |istration measu may not he hopeless as ayp the surface The Democratic " continues the Journal, “may not vote as a unit to block the President's policles, for there will be many conservatives nong them.” Tha Springfield Union | (Republican) suggests, furthermore, | that “if it shonld happen that an in surgent bloc should hold the halance !of power in the Senate and that {the Democratic Senators cheerfully “\hu 1d walk into the spider's net, as | | white 1y before, it might he the best thing that could happen to the Republican party and it might give a longer life .nd greater strength to the Coolidge policies than if the Senate remained {in complete control of the admin | istration.” Nevertheless, the Charleston it Post (independent Demo: fs sure that since “the group of in- | surgent Republicans will hold the {balance of power. and in combina- {tion with the Democrats will be able ito defeat any measure to which they {may be opposed,” the bearing of the <ituation “on the political fortunes |of the President s a subject for in- teresting speculation.” The Davenport ! Democrat_(Democratic) predlcts for jthe next Congress “turmoil that will | block intelligent legislation.” i The Kansas City Journal (Repub- lican) finds satisfaction in the belief that it is but fair “to prophesy that I bitter partisanship will not be per- mitted to block in White House or nate the carrying out of ldeals whose fulfillment is vital to national welfara” The Journal observes that :he White House never has been sup posed to control the Senate and that “no executive ever has sought to di- rect its work without the Constitution.”