Evening Star Newspaper, July 10, 1926, Page 6

. SATURDAY.......July 10, 18268 . 5 " THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. "WASHINGTON, D. C. ' THEODORE W. NOYES, .. . Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company | tion. b o N Fonseyivania A ! neylvania Ave. Qffice: 110 Eant ¥ L Bntcars Ofics. Tower Pytiaine. - Furopean Office: 14 Recent St.. London, England. Evening Star, with the Sunday mo; . is dolivered cents per montk.: dai] Der month: Sut E Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Iy and S 1yr.50.00 binday "o 35 85:00: 1 mi All Other States and Canads. ly and Sunday.lyr. $12.00: 1 mo., lv only ......1yr. $R.00:7 m unday only .....1yr. $4,00: 1 mo. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Pross 1§ exel ol titled 90 the ae Jor Teminieation. 4 a1l mews. dia- credited to it-or not otherwise cred- Diiblished Rerelne” AT rishis 'of puclication o AN i publication 1 epecial dienatches herein are also reserved. Radio Chaos Threatened. Fallure by Congress at the session Just ended to pass radio legistation designed to put the control of broad- casting under Government depart- ments has caused Secrétary of Com- merce Hoover to issue an appeal to all broadcasting stations for co- operation to avoid “chaos” in the air. The courts have ruled that the Gov- ernment, due to lack of specific legislation, cannot control wave lengths outside of the Government band of from 600 to 1,600 meters inclusive. This ruling, which has Just been concurred in Rv Acting Attorney General Donovan, does away entirely with the assigning of wave lengths and hours of operation by the Department of Commerce and forces the department to admit that Government control of radio has been rendered void. Until Congress provides a remedy by specific legislation® this situation will prevail. It means. brieflv. that any station can “pirate” not only the wave, length of another, but the time of operation. Two stations operating simultaneously make it impossible for listeners to get more than a jumbled medley of sounds and soon kill any desire to purchase a set or to listgn in on one already bought. The radio broadcaSters themselves should be most anxious to avoid a public boycott on radio apparatus. This. will be the inevitable “uul( it stations do not adhere to .their assigned wave lengths and hours of operation. Business acumen would seem to dictate this course. Broad- casting must be -under regulation, preferably Government regulation. Congress, when it convenes in December, will doubtless pass radio legislation which wll clear up the present tangled _conditions. Until that time the 6§00 or more radio sta- tions throughout the United States should heed Secretary Hoover's plea with a view to the best possible en- tertainment to the public. Radio has made tremendous strides. Receiving apparatus is now installed in millions of homes. Edu- cation, entertainment and pleasure are derived by the owners of these ~ sets. Even now, however, the air is congested and any divergence from strict adherence to assigned wave lengths causes confusion. It isclearly up to the broadcasters, therefore, to see to it that this con- fusion {s avoided and to do every- thing in their power to advance the wonderful new invention which has taken the world by storm and bene- fited millions. e ‘W. S. Gilbert wrote of “the amateur tenor whose vogal villainies all desire to shirk.” His rhyming reproof might have lost some of its delicacy if he had lived until the radio afforded the amateur tenor and all the rest of the amateur vocalists and instrumental ists unrestricted liberties with the public ear. — e An official who holds on to his job affords a little interesting contrast to the gentleman whose sole hope of fleeting prominence depends on his in- dorsement of a resignation rumor. ——v—s— Prohibition authorities are natural- ly depressed by their inability to pre- ‘vent champagne from being served by the bathtub instead of by-the glass. e No Labor Mission to Russia. In a bulletin just issued by the executive council of the American Federation of Labor warning is sounded against sending a mission to Soviet Russia in the name of Amer- ican labor. The council sets forth that efforts are being made by some labor men and others to form a commission to visit Russia and other European countries for the “ostensible purpose of making an investigation of eco- mnomic, industrial, social and political conditions.” Serious doubt is expressed of the good faith of such a self-consti- tuted commission, and it is plainly in- dicated that no representative or of-{ ficer of organizations afliated with the federation should accept member- ship. % This warning should be heeded, and American labor leaders and represent- atives should hold aloof from the pro- posed mission of inquiry, the purpose ©of which, there is every reason to be- lieve,’is to establish contact with the Soviet government at”Moscow and the third internationale, its creature or its creator, according to varying theories. Ever since the establishment of the ' Bolshevik government of Russia ef- forts have been made by it to secure control of the Ameérican labor organi- zations. -Agents of ‘the Soviet have endeavored to “bore from within” fn | order to capture the American Federa- ¢ tion of Labor and its constituent - by _carciers within oniv. | rope : 1 mo.. T8¢ 00: T mo.. B 0., 2Bc with notable success. .1t is in consist- ent continuation of this policy that the present warning is lssued to Amer- ican labor to abstain from any partici- pation in'a move which can have but one purpose, namely, the establish- ment of relations with comminism as exemplified by the Soviet organiza. There can be little doubt that the project for the sending-of an Amer- ican labor ‘commission - to Russia originated at Moscow. The -pretense of the purpose to investigate labor conditions generally throughout Eu- is filmsy and unconvincing. There is no need of such an inquiiy. ¥ | American labor conditions are not af- fected by the European situation. The American workingmen have all ‘the work they“can do at present at high wages. They are prosperous and they should be contented. They have noth- ing of valué to learn from the other side of the sea, and especially nothing {to learn to their advantage from Russia. = e Street Batliing Not a Success. A second fountain has been closed 0 bathers.because of the bolsterous - | conduct of those using it as a means of securing rellef from the intense heat. The basin attracted crowds of youngsters, dnd some others not so young, and together they reveled in the roughest of play until the dwell- ers nearabout were forced to complain Lto the police. The fountain was then turned off and the privilege of using it as a wading tank was denied to all. This experience illustrates the dis- advantage ‘of the proposed system of scattering bathing pools throughout the District instead of concentrating the public bathing facilities in two sites, as provided by the law which has been allowed to lapse without action. Save iunder strict supervision, these outdoor bathing places are likely to develop ‘disorders that are certain to cause serious annoyance and distress’ to all who live near. If the “neigh- borhood pool” plan were adopted there would be a dozen, possibly a score, of public nuisances scattered throughout the city. It is unfortunate that youth cannot participate in such a pleasure as these fountain basins may afford in, the superheated term without causing un. bearable nuisance. But it is the na- ture of youth to be noisy, especially when at play. And these fountains have not served otherwise than to pro- vide amusement to the crowds that flocked to them while they were opened for such use. A sprinkler system would be better than the use of the public fountains, Certain blocks of the city could be Spaced off “at.determined hours and sprays from standards attached to the fire plugs would afford a chance to the children to find refreshing coolness. Such a system, costing a comparative 1y small sum, could be established and maintained effectively while the city is ‘waiting for those in authority to make up their minds what is wanted in the way of public bathing facilities, Where they are to be: placed. sp::: kier standards could be kept under supervision, and the nuisance inciden- tal to the congregation of youngsters Wwould be easily regulated. Some substitute for the public bath- ing places is needed urgently, but, un. fortunately, there is no money for it, and apparently the youth of the city, is not disposed to be considerate in using the ‘makeshifts that the foun. tains might afford. —————t—t—— The Wreck of S-51. Recovery of the sunken submarine S-51 from the bottom of the sea off Block Island ‘and . the successful docking of the hulk at the Brooklyn Navy Yard will permit such a de- tailed examination of the wreck as may possibly lead to & definite con- clusion as to the circumstances of the collision which sent her down With her crew of thirty-six, all but three of whom were lost. The ex- Pposure of the hull shows the loca- tion and nature of the rent in the side through which the waters poured as’ the City of Rome rammed her. The position of the rudder shows the maneuver her commander was making at the moment, It is evi- dent that' the sub-sea craft was lying on the surface, perhaps just preparing to submerge, when with- her. © Whether she was showing lights at the time to give token of her presence on the surfaee is not yet fully determined. . One/ of the survivors, who aided in the work of salvage, was asleep in his bunk knows nothing more than that he suddenly found himself in the sea. | The officers of the City of Rome have | given testimony to the effect that the | submarine was ‘not visible until it | was too late to swerve the stéam- |ship, Perhaps the mute testimony of | the wreck may tell something. But !after all it is doubtful whether any | material ald can be gained from this | source. The presumption is that the navigators of the City of Rome. were {unaware of the presence of the sub- marine In theéir course. No seaman. would deliberately ¥un down another lcraft in time of peace. Probably | when the full resources of informa- 4 tion now available are’ exhausted the conclusiof will'bé that the S-51 wags “lha victim of ‘misadventure, due to her accideptal presence in the path of another and. more powerful ship and her lack of reserves of flotation, due to Hef peculiar type. - . B S . ‘The late Samuel Gompers ‘ve- out sufficient warning the liner hit |- at the time' of the collision and| THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. due to the intense heat of the atmoa- phere, with a tendency to the for- mation - of upward currents of warm air, eyoking counter ocurrents of colder air from the upper regions. These currents form spirals thet be: come storms within & briet period. Midsummer storms are usually of a cyclonic character. In fact, all slorms are in general cyclonic in that they turn upon g movable axis. But the Summer storms, ‘developing rapidly and confined within a relay tively narfow area, spin more swiftly and thus are rore destructive. Winda of tornado force occur within a few minutes after the formation of one of these disturbances. They die down of radio? - lend was none other than ou old friend Static, upon whose trail ex- Mfi% reau of Standards and ¢ | one of almost as quickly, after the storm y center has passed over a few miles. A singular. fact about, these sud- den cyclonic storms of Migsummer 18 that most of them occur in the flat regions, the prairie lands of the Middle West. They are mo ‘moun- tains there npon the peaks of which the so-called storm-breedmg clouds gather. ' The hot\airs rush up from the heated "surface and bring down the cold dirs from the higher zone’ and a crushing, tearing, devastatihg “twister” is born, a veritable erup- tion of an atmospheric volcano. There are no preventives for these spasmodic. visitations. They may come with little or no warning in any part of the plains region. or even in foothill country. ' Certain areas are more subject to them than others, owlng to the conformation “of the Jand. ‘The residents in that part:of the country used to protect them- selves by digging “cyclone cellars,” but less is heard of that form of shelter now than in Yormer times. All that is to be done .is to hope for Juck when a sinister black cloud appears, trust.that it will pass to one side and that when the skies have -cleared no damage will have been done by the ‘furious wind. ———e————————— A statement was once attributed to President Coolidge that he regarded fishing as a pastime for small boys. ‘When he catches a good sized pike he is compelled to realize that one of the great pleasures 8f life is the privi- lege of feeling like a’ small boy once more. ——— e European wars have made history. It has not been a very inspiring brand of history according to modern stand: ards, and there should be a willing- ness to consider the possibility of ad- justment to the standards of a new civilization. -t It might be a relief if the tennis star, Lenglen, would get herself a good vaudeville act and plug along in prof- itable serenity, without requiring an admiring public to share her tempera- mental agitations. — The French franc is still perfeatly ®ood, if it is the kind that the shop- keeper can bite in two and prove that it is silver. The “scrap of paper” is still the great factor in impairing gen- — e O Americans are. setting the fashions in Paris, but not. to'the extent that enables an American-made dress to command the price of a Paris creation. ————————— In the old days politics developed much “idle ‘gossip.” This has n supplanted by the stern and uncom- promising resignation Yumor. ——————— | A oumber of agricultural expérts in- sist on assuming that the Government can manage farms more successfully than it has supervised ships. ———— ‘Whether or not Miss Ederle swims the English Channel, nobody is going to deny that she takes a fine photo- graph in ber bathing suit. ————— Demands for censorship by Musso- lini may create\a foreign market for the recently neglected services of Mr. George " SHOOTING STARS, BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Human Element. Of course, we're disappointed In the way this world is run, ‘Qur hopes beécome disjointed ' An’ the clouds obsoure the sun. The flowers still keep bloomin’, /The breeze is soft an’ sweet, Yet we're constantly assumin’ That this lite is incomplete, " We're argufn’ ‘bout Solente, An’ "bout Religious Thought. ‘We ride in some appliante ‘That in a jam is caught, ‘We quite forget the flowers, ‘We quite forget the breeze That brings the rainbow showers— And we're always ill at ease! On the Eve of Departure. - - "What dre you going to say to your constituents when you get home?”" “What I am wondering about,” an- swered Semator Sorghum, “is what they are going to say to me. Judging by various rumbles trom afar,’I begin ta doubt whether 1 am g chance to talk.” 5 _Who cheers us fomawhile! ‘"When we are_guided by his pla He always makes us smile. $oing to get a |l the other day, “What's the Matl vertising during the heated term would help solve the problem. Undoubtedly he was right, but— people do not listen to radio now as much as they did last Winter, or will again this Autumn. ‘ Perhaps there is no astivity be- loved the great American public that harbors more pure, unadulterated “bunk,” in discussion and practice, than this self-same radio. * ‘We talk all around the subject, and have a lot of high-spun theories, when all the time what we need is'a whole- some dose of common sense. * Kk * An excellent instance of this was the grand pow-wow held two years ago about the niystery of “who is going to pay for radio?” To have listened to the gentlemen talk one might have thought that the whole art and science of radio broadcasting was going to the dogs, unless Uncle Sam stepped in and imposed a tax upon listen “You can't continue to gei some- thing for nothing,” the trained seals howled, in chorus. It reminded one of the story of the man who, thrown into jail, ioudly insisted, “But you can't put me in jail:” ~ In the meantime radio broadcast- ing went on right merrily, the estab- lished stations increasing the num- ber of hours on the air, and new sta- tions leaping Into the ether weekly. The whole question finally died a natural death, until today no one worries any more about who is go- ing to pay for radio. We know“who §s paying for it! Every time you hand over good coin -of the realm Yor two 45-voit B batteries you know who is paying for it! . Every family that bought a big set last Winter, and could get only local stations, kmows well who is paying for That great old fellow, Ultimate Consumer, is' paying for it. and everybodv knows it now. If you have ever bought crystal sets, and various crystals, trying to find the loudest one, or have purchased con- denser after condenser, or gone in for various forms of antenna wire, or any one of & hundred items in radio, you know perfectly well who is paying for radio. “You ecan't get something for nothing.” You bet you cannot! it is almost uniformly true gmuut furnished as advertising fea- tures by various organizations-with a. perfectly proper ax. to grind before thecAmerican publie. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS ery tower in New York City. - 7 * ¥ ¥k The 'rattling noise of static, then, is the main reagons wiy persons ‘with good ears do not care to Jisten to their radios in Summertime. Another is that the delights of out- doors far outweigh the charms of radio. When Summer really comes, man and woman radio devotees have already listened to radio more than is good for them, anyway. i Did you stap to realize that radio is the only form of amusement that most folk will listen to hour aftef hour, night after night? And as varied as the programs are, the mase effect of them is a certain similarity, which results in an overfed ear. “In other words, we overdo our radio, as we do almost everything else in our modern life, and in this we are alded and abetted by the broadcast- ing stations, which insist on'putting on a continuous performance from 6 or 7T o'clock to midnight or later. Shorter nightly programs, and bet- ter ones, would solve many problems. ‘Why is it necessary for a station to stay ‘on the air for six solid hours, filling in much of the time with “blah-blah!’ 87 ; * The stage, centuries old, has learn- ed that three solid hours of enter- tainment, is apout as much as the average ‘ean stand. Motion ple- ture theaters make their performances even shorter. . Dancing places ordl- narily do not get under way until § o’clock or later. 5 Yet radio, alone of all entertainers, ‘expects men and women to sit around a_loudspeaker from dinner time to midnight. The theory is, of course, that the stuft will be there waiting for you, any time you want to tufn it on. As the thing works out in ac- tual practice, however, those who 1lis- ten only a ggrmll length of time turn the set at a reasonable hour and never listen any more that ev: ning, while those ,who listen ail the time never once think of turning the set off. Now we are getting down to it! When these marathon listeners turn the set on at the first announcement and let it perform until the last bit- ter night” by a sleepy director the whole neighborhood has to lie awake and listen. ‘This, unfortunately, is the Summer situation, since all windows are open, and since these lengthy listeners insist on operating their sets to the maxi- mum power of tubes, bhtteries and loudspeaker. % ‘Thus, in an otherwise peaceful resi- dence neighborhood; where. darkened windows show, by a vote of 15 houses to 3, that peace and rest are desired, the blare of J. Simpleton Jones' jazz leous. paradise Bang! Bang! Bang! You con- sign Valencia and all her ilk to the ut- termost depth of the darkest sea, and along with her you sink radio with- out a trace. - It'is & toss-up whether the greatest battle is Radio vs. Statie, or Radio i Sleep, in Summertime. BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Mexico is in the midst of a presi- dential election. Nearly 30 years ago, the- National Editorial Associa- tion of America visited Mexico, during the reign of Porfirio Diag as Presi- dent. ~ The term ‘“reign” is used advised. republic, fashioned after the order of the United States, Porfirio Diaz as President was a “benevolent ‘mon- arch.” Giving gracious audience to the 300 visiting edl'.?‘n. he assured great respect for the institutions of the United States and was indicating that regard by imitating them so far as prac- ticable, although he explained that it was “like a child proud to wear his grandfather’s trousers, which would its grandsire?—if Uncle ly granddaddie to the successors of Cortez. % e The outstanding point at issue in such a comparison today is Mexico's alleged intolerance of all. religions, manifested particularlyin her per- secution or prosecution of the Roman Catholic priesthood_and schools, and absolutely forbidding the l‘:.ehln"r :f e the principles of Christianity. 5 * % %% 3 The first amendment of the United Constitution: within a: few months after the original Consti- tution—was the ision, ‘Congress make no law | tablishment of religion, or prohibiting ereof ; ridg- o(v{h:bm:-’t. 1ot emu- the' free. exereise th ing the freedom of speech .“;imen'- constitution does late ours in regard to never " ing the free exercise of religion.” Hon, Arturo’ M. Ellas, consul of } | provision "t it shall do so regarding a foreign country. Mexico has been accused of emulat- ing the irreligion of Soviet Russia. We do not recognize Russia—not on ac- count. of her atheism, but use she refuses to honor her debts and in- ternational obligations and is active in her avowed purpose of undermining other governments. Consul General Elias avers that Mexico is not in antagonism to rell glon, but that “the youth of Mexico are to be protected in their tender age from being dedicated to.either the pro- fession of a priest or & nun. In other ‘words, their liberty is. preserved .to make their own choice when they come to rg of discretion.” Yet, the proscription against reli- glous teaching seems to apply mainly to priests and missjonaries of foreign birth, while it is prefessed that there i8 no interference with native priests, In defense of President Calles’ re- cent decrees enforcing the constitu- tion, the eonsul general claims that the ' it has not issued any de- cree beyond what was - already pro- vided for in the constitution of 1857 R T it T e . penaities for violation thereof. He is simply "putting teeth” into old, principles “of the republic which had been flouted by the aristoc- racy, the hacendados, who, besides the *hier possession of .most of ‘the desirable land and crushed the Ppeons into slayery. - 4 L 'The pending political fight over the successorship to the presidency after the expiration of Calles' term, hinges mare directly ‘upon the church issue, involving not merely the right to teach religion put more essentially the right ta hold the old-time vast estates of ehupr:.lx and “aristocracy than it does uj the last week Mexico City has been placarded with great posters g'r:cmn ing the candidacy of former President Obregon, in spite-of the constitutional ding re-election. Obre- 8on explains away that prohibition as ,mmg ‘that :;t. cannot sel office, since there has been another in the' office sirice’ his term, he_has *‘taken a cup of coffee” and may run again. OSSR 5 By masses of th *| tatious. .manleure girl = from those between the Hindu and the Englishman. Even Woodbury and Prescott, bath ri0dern New Yorlkers, jar each other’s sensibilities at every turn. , the salées manager of lhfllbolfllll powerful Twinkle- pression of a particularly 'large and juiey drumstick from the fricasseed chicken at Sunday dinner, and his loud, sudden laughter had all the horror of gears jammed by an’un- skilled driver.” Prescott, a* lawyer and bachelor, grave, precise, sen- sitlve and nervous, prefers men who are less blatant than Woodbury. Yet the two plan a trip into the wilds of northern’ Canada together, though both should have known that the forced companionship, entirely away from civilization and its comforts, would be a long tortare. bury, is not very discriminating and wel- comes Ralph to take the place of a friend who has falled him at the last moment. Ralph is broken down nerv- ously, and.sees the. long trails, the silvery lakes, the brilliant stars and the vast silences as a possible salva. tion. So he suppresses the thought that Woodbury is a boor—a “horrible sort of chap to have with you in the strained intimacies of a wilderness journey!” Before they have left Whitewater, on the Flambeau River, the end of rail and civilization, Wood- bury has made himself most obnox- fous by making fun of the nice little down pillow which Ralph has brought along to alleviate the discomforts of a bed on the hard ground. “Every- body will die laughing at you up here it you're going to be such a molly- coddle. Roll up your coat and sleep on it, like a real man.” So hostilities begin. Before they have reached their proposed _destination at Mantrap Landing, Woodbury despiges Prescott as 'a tenderfoot, a slacker, a garru- lous highbrow and a general burden. He does not conceal his feelings. “And your inconceivable butter-fin- gered clumsiness! Things any real American boy of 10 could do! When )x‘ou n?‘d you ::ren‘t used to hiking didn’t supposé you were a para- Iytic!” Ralph, on his side, has :me to feel a cold'. d\?&‘i’b hatred for the appearance of Woodbury's “proudk athletic shoulders,” ‘the -ound"o( hli booming voice, his vulgar pleasant- ries, his conceited fussiness, his cheap sneers and his eternal nagging. And his grievances smolder the worse because he does not express them as freely as Woodbury does his; but his min® ticks away in time with the motor of his cance. “Blatant fool! Empty-headed buzzsaw! Hog! Lord, it he were real—intelligent, solid, or even stupid and kind—I'd stick by him through everything, no matter bow rough. I haven't complained once, have I? But I'm through.” Sin- el Lewis does not tell us whether, aftér the Canadian adventure is over and - Woodbury and Prescott have both returned — separately —to New York, they ever renew social rela- ‘t’ion.‘tbm it is a safe guéss that they o not. f 2 * kX% There are other incompatibilities In The . pretty, . flie- < inne- apolis, Alverna, will never make & eontented and satisfactory wife 'for the rough Canadian trader dnd trap- per, Joe Easter. Joe knows it, after & year of marriage. Alvérna knows fl‘“lm hd:-nn;:!.y d.t.fl'n:n.fl to away from intra nding. Ralph knows it, after hsphll been a few days at Joe Easter's cabin, and tries to help matters, but succeeds only in making the muddle worse. For a brief moment he even thinks he might fit Alverna into his New York life, but the shrewd little “alley cat,” Who is proud of having manicured Jack Barrymore, disposes of his illu- sions very quickly. Then Ralph, always more or less of a visionary, feally believes that in Joe Easter he has found a friend for a lifetime and lans for Joe's transplanting to New ork, but Joe, wisest of them all, knows better and thwarts the plan at the last moment.’ When the sad- ness of all £00d-bys is over, and each goes & solitary way to the:life that, If not altogether desirable, has at least the advantage of accustomed- :nn, lv'n know that each of the hree is- secretly. relieved -to- be free from the others. The manicure parlor of Minneapolis, the trading post of Mantrap Landing, the bachelor apart- ment and law office of New York City, are environments so different that their lhunm'\“ products must al- ways remain as far aj as, o ditterent races. | T o veceons [ Lt 0% B One of the ‘‘oldest inhabitants” of New York has written a book on the city as it was in the sixties and sev- enties—Mabel Osgood Wright's “My New York.” 'The author Is the daughter of Dr. O-c&od t;bo was for of the Unitarian Church of the Messiah, on Broadway, with & rectory - near Washington Square. A day young which Mrs. Wright attended on Fifth avenue, r of rous New York “finishing schools” and “college preparatory schools” of dates, iz interestingly described. ‘haj “The Day New Y chapter headed 1 Stopped” tells of the assassination of The Osgood - family were | Lincoln. . 1 et e psually shock e tragedy g-n\u'o Edwin Booth. was their inti- 1s thers any great likelihood of ?ien'on'l being struck by-lightning? A. It ia estimated that only six or seven people in a million are struck by lightning. : Q. Does sewer gas cause manholes to blow off?—A. A. H. A. Sewer gas may have In it leak- age from/ illuminating gas pipes, but the gasses which cause explosions in dead ends or at manholes are more often due to gasoline accumulations from cleaning establishments, garages; or from the ofly streets. ¥ Q. What is the Archko Volum G, E. H, A. The Archko Volume is a compil- ation of archeological writings of the n and Talmud of the Jews, these writings are taken manuscripts in Constantinople and the records of the senatorial docket taken from the Vatican at Rome. Q. Are there any authentic data as to a movement in the New England States, during the War of 1812, look- ing to a separation from the Union and annexation to Canada?—B. B. B. A. Speaking of the assertion that the New England States threatened secession during the War of 1812, Andrew McLaughlin says: “It was commonly supposed that it (the Hart- ford Convention) would plot & disrup- tion of the-Union; but-it simply drew remonstrances, and pr nts to the Constitution t‘h‘n. o protect a minority of tended States against unwelcome legislation.” Q. What are the principal uses of nitrate of soda?—C. I. B. L It I8 imated that from 35-41 per cent of nitrate of soda is used in the manufacture of explosives; that Canada’s Political Revolt Seen as Serious to Crown Seriousness of the political situa- tion in Canada is recognized by the press on both sides of the boundary line. Because of liquor scandals, the Liberal ministi headed Macken- ves, of power, and the premier called for o Py v. Gen. 3 l.rl.berll resigned. Arthur 4065 cent and from 10-20 b': cent In cl , glass * and dye works.* Q. Is the United States paper cur- o/ rency made of two pieces of paper put together with silk threads be- twA-ml!—’l} G. o . It just one piece paper with a design on each side. The silk thrends in this paper are a distinctive feature of the paper used in making United States money. The allk threads ara inserted in the paper during the process of its manufacture. Q. Did Patrick Henry ever United States Senator?—V. M. A. Patrick Henry declined the fol- lowing offices: United States Senator, Secretary of State in Washington's cabinet, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Governor of Virginia and en- voy to France. He had served several times In the Virginia legislative body and as governor. Q. How many degrees have been conferred in the United States in the last year?—O. R. P. A The latest statistics available are for the year 1923-24. In that year there were 61,285 baccalaureate de- grees conferred, 18,297 professional, 9,261 graduate and 1,096 honorary. Q. What is the answer to the King's speech in Parliament called”—A. R. D. A. The address is the answer to th King's speech, moved in both house: In former times it contained an an swer to each paragraph in the speech, but is now a single resolution ex- pressing the thanks of the house to the sovereign. Each house deliberates over the contents of the speech and takes & vote. If any amendments con- demning the policy of the government are moved to the address and car- ried the ministry usually resigns. Our Washington Information Bureaw does not u)dne o:wfl:flofil.h It is u::e b every day during the year, » ”m-g questions for our readers. Its special service is to answer any Juestion of fact on any subject for any reader at any time. It is impossidle to make cul)lcu-zluuuon af'n;:- e giving an quate idea o e '.:‘”‘rm‘ range in which the Bureau serve as eral| can serve you. Its activities can only be summed up in the phrase “what- sver you want to know.” Send in your gueation ond get the right answer. Inclose .a 2 cent atamp for return postage. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J, Has- Kin, Director, Washington, D. C. dals, relatively. small, yet big enough to overthrow the Mackenzie King have .all the famillar character human nature tempted by the profits of lilicit liquor dealing, complaisant public officials, the taint of corruption.”. * ok k¥ 5 Gov. Gen. Byng’s original refusal to dissolve Parliament at the request of Premier King, previous to the iat- . nd | ter's resignation, is interpreted by the PoToue s e ey Brif y-to permit the | Grand Rapids Press as a case of ng vs. King,” and thdt paper ex- plains that the premier, “knowing that as a result of border liquor scan- dals his government had lost its hold he House fint ¢ of Commons, Empife-te ired 0 between Crown and. Parlia-|stood. menit to be repewed. '“On' hundnd” and fitty years ago have been the beginning of a resolu- again-to interfere with the parliamentary rights of English- Byng of Canada, 1 for empire, has given Canada the renewal and has ‘made it an issue in the coming election. . If it develops along the line of its initial direction, it may prove martans oMieal” svent. of & bait important t! even! a century: in _ the English-speaking world. The Canadian Tories are im- perialists. It was to promote the em- pire and adherence to imperialistic policies that Byng allowed the Con- servative government to supplant the Liberai without an Byng virtually said that the crown would intervene to bind Ottawa to London. go into the election say- is Canadian inde- . History may record Byng as a unique survival in hiy time and place, may find him indiscreet and his_indiscretion. amazing.” ““The people wof this Dominion are ‘coming, through this tiresome’ politi- cal jugglery at Ottawa, to care less nd less for the personality of gov- ernment,” is the opinion of the Van- couver Sun, which says of the pres- ent situation: “The Canadian people want principles, not -personalities. They see two basic issues at stake. -of thority in Canada, and it is thought a constitutional issue will be raised of Gov. Gen. Byng's right to refuse the advice ‘of the real elected head of the Canadian nation—the Prime Minis- ter.” The same issue is emphasized by the Rochester Times-Union, which declares: “This raises precisely the constitutional question. that was brought up in Britain ‘itself during the ministry of Ramsay MacDonald. When a ministry is defeated in Par- liament it must either resign or dis- solve Parliament. The dissolution, of course, has to be undertaken in the name of the King, or in Canada in the name of the Governor Gen- eral, the 's personal representa- tive. Now the question that has arisen is, has the King a right to re- fuse to dissolve and to try to select other ministers to carry on the gov- omngnt through the existing Parlia- ment?" It is contended, however, by the | Hamilton (Ontario) Spectator that “Lord Byng exercised his undoubted right when he refused to grant a dis- solution”; “that *“to have done 'so would have been a scandal under the circumstances.” - While - admitting that-Lord Byng ‘‘broke precedent by refusing to dissolve Parliament,” the Boston Transcri Liberalism faces west, embracing the | Tra necessities of the whole of Canada. Torylsm centers itself in Toronto, embracing only the interests of a little eastern clique. These are the foundamentals upon which they want to vote. They demand the right to turn their backs upon the clash of personalities and speak their minds upon the real vital issues of the country.” i kK Ok ® . Critics of the government's action dre upheld by the Toronto Daily Star the statement: “The constitu it's dissolution ‘The iready apparent hate been unconstitutional as well as dlscourteous, one more will have been to the remarkable series of Mr. Meighen es an ad- | mental error ht about his excellency’s un- Edward course. It 1s an idea ¢ sway. for a long period and ‘|'one that Comparatively few i rrent hookuhlrv translated int and; it 3 their ;‘-“mtmv ‘o actually con= fi, 5 he | ot dies. But it should mve?..wmmmmmu E nical cause of the résignation of Pre: mier ‘was the l.qnluon to sanction the dissclution ‘of Paria- ment, which would -an appeal to the country, the ‘reason us. Tha.divislon of tiame ints the sets, nto the ages, the periodic ringing of chlm-."lh. silent. milestone on. the roadway and the humble gup in the kitchen all bear witness to the part played by meas- urement modern civilization.