Evening Star Newspaper, June 26, 1926, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SBATURDAY. June 26, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor ‘The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St. and Penneslvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Building. European Office: 14 Regent St.. England. The Evening Star. with the Sunday morn- Ing edition. is delivered by carriers within the city at 60 cents per month: daily only. 45 cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents Po; month_ - Orders may bo sent by mall or lephone Main 5000. Collection is made by carrier at the end of esch month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dai Sunday E .. 78 Dally Sndy Sunday i merfoe Sunday only Daily and Dails only. Sunday only Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled o the use for republication of Al news dis atches credited to it or not otherwise ted in this paper and also the local news publishad herein. _All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Sunday 1 yr. § 1yr The Retirement Blockade. Failure of the conferees on the re- tirement legislation now pending to agree to the terms of either of the two bills or to a compromise between them ses the prospect that this present session of Congress will close without action on this matter. The conferees, it is stated, have reached the point of agreeing to disagree and report that fact to their respective houses. It is still possible that instructions may be voted in one house or the other to permit a settlement, or the matter can be taken out of the hands of the conferees and one house or the other recede from its insistence upon its own plan to revise the annuity sched- ule. Adjournment without action on this matter would be a lamentable confes- sion of impotence in a case of urgency. It would bring disheartenment to hun- dreds of annuitants who are now sus- tained by the possibility of action lib- eralizing the annuity rates. It is not too much to say that it will probably cause the death of some of these worthy people who have been barely existing ever since their retirement upon the pittances doled out to them. Adjournment without action now means the postponement of this mat- ter not merely for half a year, but perhaps nearly a full year. For when Congress reassembles in December for the short session it will be with a crowded calendar of important meas- ures and without any assurance of agreement upon this point of the an- nuities. Experience indicates that even if agreement could come at the next session it would probably be post- poned until hear the close, or nearly nine months hence. Eventually this scale must be re- vised. It cannot be continued indefi- nitely. The injustice of the low rates of the present annuities is evident to all. Everybody is agreed that they should be revised upward and the only disagreement is as to the extent, A stubborn difference of opinion on that point alone prevents action, and if action fails the failure will be a griev- ous one, with consequences for which the responsibility will rest upon those who now confess their inability to discharge their legislative duty. —————— A Valuable Service Closed. Resignation of Mrs. Cecll Norton Broy as director of the community center department of the public schools of Washington has been ac- cepted by the Board of Education with regret which is shared by all the District. Mrs. Broy, who has been in the school service for twenty-five years, was one of the leaders in the building up of the system of school extension work, which has brought the adult members of the community into close contact with and support of the schools, and has given it the use of the school plant. It was large- 1y through her endeavors, persistently maintained in the face of many diffi- cultles, that legislative recognition was given to this work. She built up an organization of exceptional effi- clency and, as Superintendent Ballou said in his letter to the board on the subject, she has made “a real contri- bution to the school system and to this city.” Washington will be in- deed fortunate if Mrs. Broy's succes- sor in the community center direction meets as fully the requirements of that important and difficult assign- ment as she has done throughout the period of this valuable service. e ———— Mexican bandits no longer leave their victims disheveled. The manner in which some of them are restored suggests the attentive consideration of manicures, hairdressers and clothes cleaners. —— o The Building Program. The sum of $5,825,000 is carried in the second deficiency appropriation bill reported to the House of Repre- sentatives as the first appropriation for entering on the Government build- ing program in this city. That pro- gram, authorized by Congress, calls for expending $50,000,000 for construc- tion of Government buildings here in five years. There has been speedy action on preliminaries of the program, and the Public Buildings Commission has ten- tatively decided on the order in which the structures are to be erected and on the cost of each. The bill before the House contains the amount which the appropriations committee con- sidered proper for beginning the work of construction and for carrying it on through the next fiscal year. It may be that the figure will be revised before the bill goes to the President, but there seems to be no doubt that a substantial appropriation will be made at this session for beginning work on the Archives, Internal Rev- enue, Commerce and Agriculture buildings and for acquiring property adjoining the Government Printing Office for an addition to that building. ‘When the Public Buildings Commis- slon took under consideration the ‘means by which the bullding program would be carried out it was announced ¢ _Jhsy @0 esmuission “belleves thaf THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, JUNE 26, 1926. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. the first installment of $10,000,000 will [ River, Windmill Point, Stingray Point, be appropriated in the deficlency bill | Wolftrap, New Point Comfort, Old to be considered by Congress before | Point Comfort, Cape Charles, Cape adjournment.” While the sum con- | Henry, Thimble Shoals and Newport tained in the deficlency bill as report- | News Middle Ground. ed to the House is only about six-| That the first of the Potomac light- tenths of the amount which the com- | houses to be used in this experiment mission thought would be appropri-|is that off Upper Cedar Point indicates ated, there is authority for believing [that the aviators will take a cut that $5,825,000 will be enough for car- |across country from some point near rying on the bullding program during | Indlan Head and come upon the Po- the fiscal year 1926-7, and if more|tomac again near the mouth of Nanje- than that sum is required the matter | moy Creek. The south tip of the sec- can be taken up by Congress at any | tion of Charles County over which the time after the opening of the next|flyers will pass is Maryland Point. session in December. The greatest saving in distance would It is clear that a period of Govern-|be to leave the river course near Gly- ment construction is beginning and {mont and fly south to where Port To- that long steps are to be taken |bacco Creck enters the river, but use toward bringing the capacity of the of Upper Cedar Point Light shows Government’s plant at Washington |that flyers will come upon the Po- into line with the demands upon it. |tomac River near Nanjemoy Creek, Perhaps it may be written six or [and this indicates that they will leave seven years hence that the Govern. |the river course at Indian Head. ment plant at the Capital is adequate | Marking this airplane way seems to 1o its needs for the first time in the | Prove that the course will be traveled history of the United States. It may |With increasing frequency, and the be that, for some reason not to be [time may come when many people foreseen, the Government's opera- | Will be making the trip by the airway. tions at Washington will be so ex-|We are less excited about salling tended that even with the buildings |through the sky between Washington now about to be constructed, the Gov- |and Norfolk than our people were ernment will need to rent private|When the steamboat Washington, the buildings and put up temporary struc- | first. freight and passenger steamboat tures, but it seems reasonable to|on the Potomac so far as the records think the time {s near when Govern. |show, began making trips between ment activities will not be carried on | Washington and Norfolk. It is be- in {lladapted private bulldings and |!eved that the steamboat Washington shack-like structures scattered around | began her trips in 1814, but because of the city. the British invasion in August that year, the destruction of the office of the National Intelligencer, suspension of publication and loss of records, there is obscurity as to when the Washington appeared in the Potomac, but it is plain that she was making vegular trips to Norfolk early in 1815. e ros— American Golf Triumphs. American golf has swept the field clean in English competition. The three most cherished trophies of Brit- ish golfing prowess will soon be re- posing in American homes. Robert Tyre Jones, the Atlanta amateur, is : sailing today, possessor of the huge Alexander Britton. bowl emblematic of international golf [ Alexander Britton, whose sudden supremacy over professionals and |death vesterday grievously™ shocked amateurs. Jesse Sweetser, of New | Washington, was one of the Capital's York, has already returned to the | Native sons who had devoted his life United States with the trophy given | to the Welfare of his own community. to the winner of the British ama-|He had no other interests than those teur champlonship, and Capt. Rob.|Of the District and he gave valuably ert Gardiner of the Walker Cup team | O his services for its advancement. 1s likewise caring for the cup won by | He Was, in his sterling integrity, his the small band of selected amateurs, exceptional ability in his profession of which Jones and Sweetser are mem- | @nd his deep concern for the good of . the Capital, one of Washington's most Never before in the history of golf | usetul citizens. His range of per- has & rout been so complete. With |Sonal friendship was unusually wide both the British open and the British [and his passing, with the briefest amateur championships won by golt- | Warning of failure of health, is the ers from overseas, the English are |cause of a deep sorrow. still blinking their eyes in amazement. O Although they lost, the British put up | The Prince of Wales is threatened 4 game and sportsmanlike fight, Of |With 10ss of prestige as a dictator of especial note, throughout all the play, | fashion. He rolled up his trousers to the galleries swere falr and just de.|2vold mud, and the generality of Brit- spite thelr intense loyalty to the golt. | {5h male citizenship paid no attention R R e to the fact. The implied responsibil- America 1s proud of her linksmen, |It fOF eccentricities of attire is no who. confronted by strange courses, | ETeat asset to the prestige of a future peculiar weather conditions, able op- | XIn8 The Prince of Wales may re- ponents and galleries wise in golfing | 84rd himself as lucky if he can find lore, emerged triumphant. It was the | himself well rid of it. acid test and America came through S T with colors flylng. Although the tro-| Street improvements for Washing- phies may journey back to England | to™ D- C. are in the nature of an next vear in the hands of proud win. | IMPerative need. The whole country ners, America will always regard 1926 | 100kS to the Capital City in expecta- as its banner year in international | tion Of Suggestion as to lines on which competition. a model community should be formed. —_——e———— T A college degree confers distinction Four Days Ahead! even when the reciplent is so promi- Four full days ahead of the record [nent in affairs quite apart from set by John Henry Mears in his dash |scholarships that the title might ap- around the world, Edward S. Evans | propriately add to its other abbrevia- and Linton Wells have boarded the |tions the letters “Adv. trans-siberlan express at Omsk for Chita and are looking forward to a few days' sleep on the twenty-two-|beth's. The mental stress of service hundred mile trip. They have been |in Congress is sometimes great, but literally on the jump since they hur- | never as yet great enough to call for riedly quitted the Aquitania When she | gclentific supervision. reached Cherbourg—to Paris by fast ——— et —————— automobile, to Berlin and Moscow by | The commencement oration is at plane, and to Omsk from Moscow, a | hand, temperate in expression and trip of fifteen hundred miles, in the | conscientious in thought. It should fastest plane of the Soviet govern- |set a valuable model for some of the ment, piloted by a youthful ace. | congressional speakers. Evans and Wells have now complet- e ed what is probably the most danger- | Hohenzollern estates will remain as ous part of their trip. The flight over | they were. Germany Is intrepld in the Ural Mountains into Asia was one | the face of war, but hesitates at the of the crises in their fast schedule. | prospect of a law suit. When they arrive in Chita, provided —_———rmte— everything goes well, they will still | The anthracite strike cost a lot of maintain their advantage of four days |money. Nevertheless there was a over the present titleholder, inasmuch | large supply of loose change for Penn- as he used the same train when he [sylvania election purposes. created the record of approximately thirty-five days for the globe-circling SHOOTING STARS. trip. E They have been offered every co- S T ANDES GoMRAoN: operation by the governments of the =2 e No Congressman goes to St. Eliza- various countries through which they Fluidical Myths. have passed. The Soviet, in anxiety | John Barleycorn, John Barleycorn! to show them favors, appropriated You've ever been a pest, five hours of their precious sleeping | And since humanity was born time in Moscow and gave them a huge You've given us no rest. banquet. Consequently since last | ywhen Noah ventured from the ark Tueud‘zy they have had only a few You were in waiting there. hours’ rest. The train ride to Chita, | uet's have a drink,” was your re- therefore, will be in the nature of St relaxation for the tired travelers and 4 . 5 il R | L denticars. store of energy for the fast schedule | At present you parade on land still to be completed before they again As well as on the sea, set foot in New York City, their start: | And cars collide on every hand ing point. ‘Where drivers disagree. T e e John Barleycorn, John Barleycorn! ‘The great American game of base | Your modern pal we've seen. ball has shown that the U. S. A. is { He who promotes your plans forlorn still a Nation of enthusiasts, eager| Is Gaston Gasoline. for clean sport and frapk emotional S expression. There might be an ad-| T vantage in a soclety of missionaries | “Are you interested in the old mas- to teach the world the benefits of [ters?” inquired the art collector. ‘No,” answered Senator Sorghum. puso b:_“____ “So far as practical modern results are concerned, I'm interested in the Seaplane Airway. new motlon picture bosses.” A seaplane airway between Wash- ington and Norfolk is belng laid out, Arts of Eloquence. and it is said that this is the first | Th® statesman used to make a speech course to be permanently marked.| TO aid each man and brother. Lighthouses on the Potomac River | The highest eloquence he'll reach and on Chesapeake Bay are to serve| JUst now Is, “You're another!” as the guldeposts for aviators. After| Jud Tunkins says a o conferences between officlals of the|mebbe entitled to .ymp:::ya‘é“u.. Lighthouse Service and the Hydro-|compelled to listen to a terrible amount graphic Office of the Navy Depart-{of fdle gossip. ment, it has been arranged to try the -~ experiment of painting the roofs of Faithful Servitor. lighthouses Wwith signs in order that|Thought I heard a mockin® bird alr travelers may read the location of| SIngin’ in the tree. thelr planes. The lighthouses have | He flew away the other day, been designated and signs are being| Desertin’ you an’ me. painted. These aviators’ signposts in | Hate to lose that mockin’ bird, the Potomac River are the lighthouses| with his charming skill; of Upper Cedar Point, Mathias Point | Byt still I hear, with grateful cheer, Shoal, Lower Cedar Point, Cobb Point | mhe good old Whippoorwill, & Bar, Blackistone Island, Ragged Point, Piney Point, Point Lookout and Smith| “It's gettin’ so0,” said Uncle Eben, Point. From the mouth of the Potomac | “dat & natural-born orator don't exer- the way to Norfolk will be marked by | cise no more genuine influence dan a ® Hghthouses of the Gread Wicomico ' crapshooter hollerin® at de dicel* Rain in the garden has a beauty it ordinarily does not possess in any other place. It is true that sheets of rain on a tossing sea, the nor'wester whipping it into the shore, have a wild quality which appeals to the manly heart. Rain in a forest, pattering down through the millions of leaves, sinking Into the moss, calls to campers with its sylvan charm. Even harsh city streets take on some aspects of beauty when the sudden shower sends daintily clad maidens scurrying along for fear they will get their, large hats wet. But rain has a beauty all its own in the garden. Perhaps some of the charm comes from the knowledge of the onlooker, that the water 18 good for the flowers, the' vegetables, the lawn. No amount of sprinkling with a hose can equal a good downpour from the skies. Descending upon earth from great heights, the rain beats its way into the soil, especially dirt that has been constantly stirred by the careful gardener. It forces its way down to the roots of plants in such soil, whereas in borders never touched by hoe the drops run off to one side »long the baked ground, and spend their pre- clous substance on concrete. * ok ok ok To stand on the back porch and watch a Summer rain rush down on a garden is one of the quiet satis- factions of city life. Let us never get the idea that only the country dwellers can enjoy na- ture, Sun, and air, and soil, and raln, and snow, and ice, and white clouds come to cities as well as to farms. The impress they leave upon our lives is measured by our reception of them. ‘We may no longer pray for rain be- cause our living depends upon it, but still we want it to come when our small vegetable patch gets too dry, or our pretty flowers seem badly in need of it. We need not accept rain, for instance, as merely a spoiler of some good time, an’ inconvenience sent by some incomprehensible des- tiny at variance with the age in which we live. There is enough of the countryman left in all of us to rejoice at the rain, the Summer rain that darkens a bustling clty, and spreads its pre- cious moisture over the gardens of the rich and poor alike. ‘What would the statel line the streets of Washington do without the perfodical rains which sweep away the accumulated dust and smoke? ‘What would our park systems do without the rain? Rain in the Summer also generally brings about a marked cooling of the alr, freshening it and thereby closing the relaxed capillaries of human beings. On every count we who live in citles ought to love rain. ExE Great clouds are piling up to the northwest. trees which ‘There is a wind rustling the tops of IAnnuimnt Prefers yonder grove of red oaks on the hill. Two buzzard-like birds wheel in great circles over those trees, while a few smaller winged creatures; dart in straight lines away. < A gust of fresh wind stirs the hot air of our back porch. Stronger and stronger it comes. Mothers, appear- ing as if by magic at windows, call to their little ones. Children run to escape the storm, heralded by a few great drops cf rain, then by an increasing dash, then by an indefinite murmur—— Here it comes! ‘With a rush and a drumming, the rain roars down, wiping out as if with a brush filled with celestial paint the white of concrete walks and trans- forming it instantly into an oily black. Sword-shaped leaves of gladiolus sway to the rush of the storm. Water beats their sharp tips almost to the ground, wind lifts-them up again. Floods attempt to drown the rose- bushes, which beat them back with their thorns. i Fragile-appearing kochia bushes, tough for all that, droop their lacey branches beneath the touch of 10,000,- 000 watery fingers, while well tended flower borders seem to absorb water without let. Splatter, splatter, splatter goes the water on the steps, It jumps off the narrow walk and begins to stand in little pools in all depressions in bor- ders. The sunk place where some zinnia plants stand becomes a miniature lake. T The cat comes to the door, and, after inspecting the landscape, seems to be- lieve that we are personally respon- sible for the general state of wetness. In the meantime our eyes have been searching the garden, to see if the combined rain and wind is doing any damage to our precious plants. Sturdy stand the lilacs, however. Every rose bush is in its place. Dwarf marigolds saucily hold aloft their bright blossoms, as if no amount of rain could make them bend their heads. Eagerly we scan the beds of gladio- lus, and heave a sigh of relief to note every long leaf up and doing, with a eart for any fate. We fear for the ‘glads’ every time it rains, especial- 1y after the flower spikes begin to ap- pear. Today, however, no flower is harm- ed. Good alone comes from the rain. Luckily we staked the rather bendy hibiscus bushes some days ago, so they ride the storm safely, only giv- ing tremendous tugs, now and then, at their bamboo anc| Slowly the rain “lets up.” Aside from hundreds of rose petals scattered on the grass, no evidences of damage are found. As for the lawn, it gleams before us with a most satisfactory green, which we feel is perhaps the most beautiful color in the world, we stand and look down upon fit. Listening to the musical after-drip of the water spout, we feel glad for the rain, and happy that we can wel- come it with gratitude, as one of the best gifts of the Creator. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Agricvlture in America is like the small boy “when a_feller needs a friend.” Not only does the United States Senate vote down the relief measure, but now Dr. L. O. Howard, chief of the Bureau of Entomology of the De- partment of Agriculture, declares that men are going to be wiped off the earth by ferocious insects, “if they don't watch out.” Farmers asked Congress to help sell the surplus crops abroad., so as to keep prices of living up in America, but the scientist intimates that there will be no surplus crops unless by eternal vigilance we keep down the insect pests, which are even now using the full time of a million farmers to feed them and are consuming what would feed several million humans. He has so stated in a California speech. A million farmers feeding the ento- mological dragon! That would be quite insufficient defense, if the in- sects should ever declare an armistice and stop fighting each other. It is only because nature is carrying on a between pests and pests relentless war of wests that man is enabled to live h the year. lh;% ntensify his human scare, Dr. Howard cites the fact that insects have am advantage over man because they have been on earth 50,000,000 years, while man has been here only 500,000 years. This excites the curious to azk how it happened that after the incects had been practicing their monopoly some 49,500,000 years man was able to edge in and maintain his footing against their opposition. Also, how comes it that the mvuses——fl;:r American Indians, for exu.mp]e—lw g had no entomological science, sur\_|ve annihilation which science now warns us is a peril imminent to our own survival? i lanation is simple, accord- ln:}:: tel"l‘: specialists of the Entomol- ogy Bureau. Before America was fiilv {lized, the native insects had to tsh { mish among_wild vegetation (ul: eir food. The Indians were not \egetat- rians, but lived upon the'gnme "l:'l hunting, and, agriculture was ne5‘~ gible, Today our broad acres supply free food ready for billions of insects ume. tol:lo:.;dltlon to that, there are many nsects which have been im- :gl"gtsd(’f!:om their natural habitats, where existed their own parasites and rivals which preyed upon them, just as jungle beasts prey upon each other. These imported insects are here free from their natural enemies, so that not only have they increased supplies of foods, but greater safety. Hence they propagate with marvelous speed. 't has long been the fashion among thtla ignorant to belittle the importance of insects, because the h’ldlvldllfllv speci- mens were so insignificant. What a monster would appear if the individ- uals could be combined into one huge animal—or one beast of each variety— which required only the same food that the multitudinous ‘bugs” con- sume! It takes the equivalent of the entire wheat crop of the famous Spring wheat region—Minnesota, the two Da- kotas and Montana—just to feed the wheat-eating insects of the United States, while men may eat what ‘wheat is raised in other States. 1t takes one barrel of apples and all other fruit, out of every five barrels, for the “bugs.” See the ‘“cattle upon 2 thousand hills]” One out of every 10 fills the stomachs of insect pests. ‘What effect would it have upon our farm problems if all pestiferous insects were annihilated? The surplus then produced would amount to two billion dollars more than today's average sur- plus—and be worth nothing at all, be- cause it would be such an enormous oversupply that’ it would ruin the farmers in one season. In that sense perhaps our pests are our salvation of prosperity, since the recent debate in Congress indicated that the great problem is our farm surplus. The pests, which had been strug- gling along before Columbus discov- ered America, by consuming wild cherries of the forests, have become vilized that they now prefer es, and are known as the rers. Hundreds of other varieties of pre-Columbian days have acquired more expensive tastes—the plum curculio, for example, taking greed- | Uly to peaches, cherries and apples. Our immigrant p include the 8ypsy moth, which scientist brought in 50 years ago. He was go- ing to study the interesting insect and train it to make silk, but it got away from him and now threatens to get away with most of the orchards of the East. The same thing accounts for the Japanese beetlg, which entered without an im- migration quota, being hidden in an iris root. Now it is a burden upon society to the extent of $500,000 a year. But science is making a bold fight. The sphynx moth, with its proboscis 3 inches long, has a habit of pok ing its nose around where it is not wanted, especially in tobacco fields or tomato gardens. Now farmers put a bit of cobalt do the corollas of the blossoms the moth likes best, and since the real blossoms wilt under the cobalt, they use porcelain imi- tations, and the moths do not know the difference while they sip the poison. But crops are dependent on certain insect attendants. No bee or dther insect can get its proboscis into the bloom of red clover. Who will breed such a bee that can do so? He will thus make two blooms of clover to grow where but ong grew before through artificial crdss-fertilization. Two? Milllons! Such a bee would bring more wealth than Henry Ford could count. \ Not all the scientists of the bureau, of which Dr. Howard is chief, share his pessimistic fears, but they say science is indeed winning the battle. a It is not a war with pikes nor with arrows, any more than was the World War. It is chemical warfare, and in the battles the command is for chemi- cal SOS by aviation reserves. Within the last two years, there has been an actual revolution in' the Straight Increase Rate To the Editor of The Stas: It has been stated repeatedly in the local press that the deadlock which has arisen between the conferees of the House and Senate is owing chiefly to the difference of $200 in the maximum annuity favored by either house. This seems strange, since the re- tired Government employes for whose relief this bill was introduced would be quite satisied with the $1,000 maximum, which has the President’s approval, and which is the only bill that has any show of passing at this session of Congress; therefore the conferees who will not agree to this maximum are not acting in a friendly spirit toward the annuitants. The article on “Retirement” in The Evening Star of Saturday last quotes Representative Lehlbach as saying “that $1,000 maximum would give the retired employes of the Government 40 per cent increase in their annuities and they should be satisfled with it.” I can state positively that we would be satisfled with {t. We would be glad to get even 30 per cent increase in all the annuities; hut the bills in- troduced so far, with a single excep- tion, while allowing from 40 to 60 per cent increase to the employes retired on high salaries, would give only 4 to 10 per cent to the low-salaried em- ployes, very few of whom had an opportunity of laying up any reserve for themselves and who are now in absolute want. Under Director Lord's bill, which is sometimes called the administration bill, an employe averaging over $1,600 with 30 years' service would get 40 per cent increase in his an- nuity: but employes retired on $1,200, which was about the average salary, with 30 years' service would get $1,200 times 30 divided by 48, or §760— $30 increase over the present annuity —that is, $2.50 per month, or 4 per cent increase. Certainly we do not want such a bill as that. Throw the divisors away and give a straight raise of 40 or even 30 per cent to all the annu- itants and we will have nothing but kindly feelings for the Sixty-ninth Congress. EDM D MURPHY. ———eetee Visitor Notes Rudeness At Unknown’s Tomb To the Editor of The Star I have just returned from a delight- ful visit to your beautiful city and everywhere we went were treated with courtesy and respect—with one exception, and to me the most im- portant. Last Sunday (June 13) about 2 p.m. we walked up with reverence before the Tomb of the Unknown Soldler at Arlington and paused for about two seconds. Immediately the guard of honor (?) accosted us with a curt “Move on!” followed with “No hang- ers-on allowed!” The words and tone were the most uncouth I have come in contact with in some time. My reverence before the tomb was changed to anger—but I said not a word—the presence of the ladies with me forbidding and the shrine being no place for any altercation. This, as noted above, happened a week ago, and, after letting my anger cool, concluded perhaps a letter to vou (if I knew his commanding officer I would write him) might in some way correct this condition there. Se eral other parties were “shooed” away in a similar manner while we were there, and I certainly think the guard should be instructed to say, “Kindly move on,” and not insult one. CHARLES F. MILLER. Collingwood, N. J - v Advertising the Northwest. From the Seattle Daily Times. Announcement made by President Ralph Budd that the Great Northern Railroad has leased a five-story build- ing_on Fifth avenue, in the heart of New York City, and will establish in it at once a tourist information bureau and ticket office, as well as a complete exposition of the natural resources and scenic attractions of the entire Northwest, is good news for Seattle and the State of Wash- ington. As Mr. Budd says, it was found rather difficult to bring all the East out to see the great Northwest, 50 the Great Northern, following the example of Mahomet, who went to the mountain when the mountain refused to come to him, resolved to take the Northwest to the East. That is the purpose of the proposed travel bureau and Northwest exposition, and it seems highly commendable. Chambers of commerce and com- merciai clubs through the Great Northern's territory will be invited to contribute exhibits for the expo- sition, and Mr. Budd expresses the i bellef that it will give the North- western States the best publicity they have ever recefved in the East. In conjunction with the ather hill roads, the Great Northern has spent many hundreds of thousands of dollars in the last few years in ad- vertising the Pacific Northwest in newspapers and magazines. The New York exposition should do effective follow-up work. The Policeman’s Widow. From the Harrisburg Telegraph. Mrs. Edward Couch, widow of a Pittsburgh policeman, slain’ by Jaseph Valotta, testified before the State Par- don Board h‘,re recently that while rich and influential people had inter- methods of combating insect enemies —as great an evolution as the develop- ment of the gas-motor gang-plow over the crooked stick. What the modern combined harvester and thresher is, compared with the sickle and the flail, comes now a greater advance in the specialized airplane, laden with calcium arsenate to dust the cotton fields and destroy the boll weevil. Spraying adds $8 to §15 an acre to the yield. A mere experiment of four years ago has developed into a commercial and agricultural success within the last two seasons. One outfit sprays 1,000 acres in less than two hours. Its distribution is ore effective than that of any other® method, more eco- nomical in material and at $5 per acre per season, no more expensive to the farmer than ground-machine spray- ing. It solves the labor and mule problem, where that was a great prob- lem—for, instead of hundreds of laborers and mules, for just a few days a year, ne machine, manned by two men, covers 500 acres an hour on larger farms, or 240 acres on limited areas. It makes no difference how muddy the fields may be, which would prevent ground spraying, the airplanes fly over the farms within 10 to 25 feet of the ground at a speed of from 60 to 80 miles an hour. It requires super- skilled aviators to skim over fields 10 feet under the machines, a mile a minute, without scraping the earth and crashing to death. Thus' agriculture has been made over, within the last two years, an takes a new lease on life. The same methods of cubic farming in place of plane geometry, will apply to the fighting. of all orchard pests, forest destroyers, and every other evil crea- ture which can be killed by poisonous sprays. Modern agriculture dates only half a century from the use of steampower on the farms; post-modern agriculture will date from 1924 with the addition of the airplane as a farm implement. What a span between the peasant of the crooked stick plow and the flail and alert modern aviator-agriculturist! But what are we going to do with our great surpluses when, by aviation, ultra-modern production _ becomes general? “Dr. Howard: Front and center?’ e (Copyright. 1926, by M V. Coliins.) ested themselves in the release of Valotta, and had provided relief for the family of the murderer, nobody had ever approached her or her five children except to ask that she sign a plea for Valotta's pardon. “Why should not Valotta be pun- ished?”’ she asked. “He killed the father of my five children. Wealthy end influential men and women have done much for the wife and children of the murderer. All they have done for me, who lost a husband in the line of his duty protecting the public, was to ask me to be merciful because he has four children. I have five and nobody has been merciful to me, al- though my husband died for the safe- ty of the people he served.” That is a scathing indictment. As the late Judge Kunkel once observed, “If you want to gain a lot of sym- pathy from peovle who otherwise would not care if you starved to death, go_out and brutally kill somebody.” There are too many cases like that before the Pardon Board. If the pub- lic owes a debt to any woman it is to the widow of a police officer slain in the performance of his duty. If more attention were paid to procuring a decent livelihood for Mrs. Couch, and less interest displayed in a pardon for Valotta, fewer policemen would be killed, and more of them would be en- couraged to go the full limit in the protection of the public. Work Them Off! From the Roanoke Times. Some of the banks in Kansas have quit attempting to pass out two- dollar bills. Can't they interest some foreign power in them? Scenery. From the Hamilton Spectator. Motorists report that there are highways where one may fix punc- tures or run out of gasoline. Looks Like a Piker. From the Dayton Daily News. Judging by the revelations that are coming out about corrupt elections, the ite may owe a vote of apol- ogy to N ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. Are rubber-wheeled skates fast- er than metal ones?—B. S. A. Metal wheel skates are con- sldered faster than rubber-wheel skates. Most all racing skates are made with steel or aluminum wheels. Q. Who were the members of the President’s party who made the en- tire journey from Springfield to Washington when Lincoln was inau- gurated?—M. C. R. A. Mr. Lincoln, Mrs. Lincoln, their three sons, Robert T., Willlam and Thomas; Lockwood Todd, Dr. W. Wallace, John G. Nicolay, John Hay, Hon. N. B. Judd, Hon. David Davis Col. E. V. Sumner, Maj. David Hunter, Capt. G. W. Hazard, Capt. John Pope, Col. Ward H. Lamon, Col. E. E. Ells worth, J. M. Burgess, George G. Latham, W. Wood and B. Forbes. Besides these, a considerable number of other personal friends and digni: taries accompanied the President from Springfleld to Indianapolis and places beyond. Q. When did Great Britain emanci- pate the slaves in her colonies, and was any compensation made to the owners?—N. T. A. The act for the abolition of slavery in the British colonfes and for compenstion to the owners of slaves (20,000,000 pounds) was passed in 1833. All slaves in the British colonies were emancipated August 1, 1834. Q. When and how was the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Ani- mals started?—C. Z. L. A. The first step in the enactment of humane legislation was taken in 1822, when a bill providing punishment for the ill treatment of cattle was in- troduced into the British Parliament by Richard Martin, an Irish noble- man, later nicknamed by King George IV “Humanity Martin.” “To Richard Martin belongs the credit for the first conviction under the law for the pro- tection of animals. The misused ani- mal was dragged into court to show evidence of its master's cruelty the driver was found guilty. years later, Martin formed for the enforcement of his an: cruelty ac The Society for the Prevention ‘ruelty to Animals was thereupon organized. From this society origi- nated the American Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Anin founded in New York in 1866 Henry Bergh. Q. Was the Alamo of church or a fort”—C. C. R. A. The Alamo was a Franciscan mission built about 1722 and occasion- ally used after 1793 as a fort. It con. sisted of a church, an inclosed convent yard about 100 feet square, a convent, a_hospital building and a plaza cov. ering about 2% acres and protected y a wal eet high and 33 inches i g nches Q. When did Pullman cars change the “f(h(én‘ from lamps to electricity? A. Candles were largely used from 1865 to 1874, ofl from 1875 to 1890 and Pintsch gas from 1891 to 1909. The first electrically lighted train was the Pennsylvania Limited, June, 1887, a dynamo engine being placed in the baggage car. Later, along about 1898, individual axle lighting generators were developed. als by Texas a Q. What is the meaning of the word Ozark?—J. G. McK. A. It i= a corruption of the French phrase “aux arcs,” which means “with bows.” The term is descriptive of the Indians who inhabited the country. Q. In what form did ‘“the Blessed Damozel” first appear?—A. D. G. A. Rossetti's poem was first pub- lished in his brother’s magazine called the Gem. Q. I've heard that there is a cook- ing banana, different from the ord! mhy "'Nulm-: banana.” Is this true A. The cooking banana is similar in appearance to the ordinar ating banana,” but usually is larger and has a more pronounced stem. Cooking bananas are sold on the market by the “hand.” The cooking banana is not edible raw. When the skin has turned black the whole banana (skin and meat; should be baked for 30 minutes. To serve, split the skin with a fork and season the rruit with a little lemon juice and butter. Q Wh “Huns"? K. A. The word “Hun” was a term of reproach given to the Germans by their enemies from the beginning of the war. It seems to have first been associated by William II with his army as a term of praise. He used it in an address to his troops about to sail for China from Bremerhaven, July 27, 1900. For many years the German Sociallsts used the word “Hun” in attacking the militarists in that country. are the Germans called Give me the names of the im- ynasties of China, and the L. into a vast feudal system nominally ruled by many cotemporaneous dy nasties dated from B.C. The King of Ts'in \put down all other rulers and assumed the title of Hw: Ti or emperor. The principal dynas ties from this period are Han, 206 B.C. to 220 A.D.; T'ang, 618 to 905, Sung, 960 to 1279; Yuan the Mongol, 1280 to 1367; the Ming, 1368 to 1643; the Ch'ing or Ts'ing Mancho Tarr:\’ 1643 to fall of the empire and date « republic. . Who was Joe Miller who wrote “The Joke Book? . E. M. A. Joe Miller was an English com' dian who lived from 1654 until 173x So illiterate that he was unable read, he married that he might have some one to read his parts to hirg. About this time it became the vogue to publish hooks of jokes, attributing them to some one person. A year after Miller's death John Mottley com piled a book of 72 pages, containing 247 jests, and called it “Joe Miller's Jests.” Only three were in any way connected with the actor. Many edi tions have been printed. In 1745 the number of jokes included had risen to 587 and by the middle of the nine- teenth century to 1,546. Q. Is grapefruit oranges or to lemon: A. Al three belong to the citrus family, but the grapefruit more near- Iy approaches the orange in amount of sugar and citric acid it contains than the lemon. Q. What was the date of the dedi- cation of the Monument to Music in Providence, and what band furnished the music?—W. H. L. The Benedict Monument to in Roger Williams Park, Provi- as dedicated on Septem- The band which played occasion was the United rine Band, under the direc- apt. Willlam antelmann. more akin to B. D. that States M. tion of Stop a minute and think about this fact. You can ask The Evening Star Information Bureau iny question of fact and get the answer back in a personal letter. It is a great educa- tional idea introduced into the lives of the most intelligent people in the world—American newspaper readers. It is a part of that best purpose of a_newspaper—service. There is no charge except 2 cents in stamps for | return postage.” Get the habit of ask- ing questions. Address your letter to The ning Star Information Bu- \rcau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, | Washington, D. C. Problem of League Viewed Sympathetically in America America, watching the League of Nations from a distance, seems in- clined generally to a sympathetic view of the league's stand in the matter | of permafient sgats on the council. | Germany is assured of a seat, and the profound dissatisfaction of Brazil and Spain over their faflure to obtain sim- ilar recognition has resulted in Brazil's notice of intention to withdraw from the league. “The league needs Germany,” ac- cording to the Chicago Daily News (independent), “far more than it needs either Spain or Brazil, or both. With Germany, the league would become a a truly international organization for peace and for the reasonable adjust- ment of disputes menacing peace.” As between Brazil or Germany in the league, the New York Evening Post (independent) says the alternative is unmistakable. “It was Brazil that raised the question,” continues the Evening Post, “and Brazil that pushed the answer to its extreme. The league issue had undoubtedly got mixed up in domestic Brazilian politics, which may change color when a new admin- istration is inaugurated late in the vear. The league has larger problems which demand immediate attention— in the solution of which the absence of Brazil may be regretted with some satisfaction.” Under the circumstances the Wheel- ing Intelligencer (Republican) feels that the withdrawal of Brazil, “and that of Spain as well, will not be a serfous blow to the organization. Fifty-three other nations,” it contin ues, “seem well enough satisfied, and league leaders have safely weathered storms far worse than this one could possibly be.” The Yakima Herald (independent) remarks: “Spain, being a weak nation, can be thrust aside, and Brazil, being on another conti- nent, can be overlooked. It is more important to have Germany in the charmed circle than to hold Spain and Brazil.”” The Manchester Union (inde- pendent Republican), viewing the prospect that “Germany can be had as a full-fledged member only at cost of the withdrawal of two smaller na- tions,” answers, “Well, the price will have to be paid.” “If it must be either Germany in the league or Brazil, it is infinitely better that the Germans come in,” em. phatically declares the Dayton Daily News (Democratic), with the comment: “Inside the league, the international influence of Spain might count for something; outside the league it would be negligible. So far as Brazil is con- cerned, her departure might hasten the return of Argentina. In any event, the League of Nations is not likely to disrupt itself because of the petty actions of .two minor powers.” The Grand Rapids Herald (indepen ent Republican) feels that “the situa- tion as regards both the league and Brazil is immeasurably clarified. The league, at its September meeting, may now proceed to the election of Ger- many as a member of the council and to the carrying out of the other es- sentials of the Locarno agreement, as well as _solution of new and equally grave European problems. Spain, also,” adds the Herald, “may drop out of the league, but if it does it will be only to return before long, because Spain has a place in league confer- AR “Indicatlons are,” according to the Louisville Courier-Journal (Demo- cratic), “that the move of Brazil will be effectually offset by more active participation of the Argentine, which has taken scant interest in *=rld af- fairs at Geneya. The scops of the ‘league also is”xpected to be broaden- ed by. the admission, at a near date, " The Schenmectady Ga- pendent Democratic) avers many is entitled to the seat 1 it has asked; it s, and prob- ably will continue to be, one of the great powers; and its presence will strengthen the organization, and will bring into co-operation elements now outside.” The Fort Worth Star-Tele- gram (independent Democratic) points out that neither Brazil nor Spain had & part in the war, and condemns “arrogant_claims on the part of two nations which, however real may be their place in the world, are neverthe- less not of first rank.” ““It is worthy of note that the other nations of Latin America showed a decided apathy over Brazil'sambitions, and as a result the withdrawal of that nation somehow falls ‘flat,’ " says the Lynchburg Advance (Democratic). The Des Moines Tribune (independent Re- publican) adds that “in the meantime one can understand the refusal of the league to be overawed or stampeded by the insistence ‘of two secondary powers on their own inflated se of their own ‘dignity.’ " The Worcestar Telegram (Republican) finds that “‘Brazil appears to take herself a littie too serfously in.indicating that she \\:lshes ngeplurfl in the league unless she can right up at the 1t the best of them.” 5 bt The Springfleld Republican (Inde- pendent) expresses the opinfon: “Na- tions that are not great powers can retard the stabilization process under the Locarno pact by insisting: on an équality of position inconsistent with the realistic requirements of the league organization. But they assume heavy moral responsibilities in thus playing up to the inflated dimensions of their national self-esteem.” “Not until the political function of the league is divorced from the league as an agency of international service,” in the view of the Chicago Tribune (independent Republican), “can any country, no matter how close its ties with Europe, afford to risk any such entanglement with European troubles as the league now demands.” In fact, as analyzed by the St. Paul Pioneer Press (independent Republi can) “The council throws up its hands in despair—and leaves the re- | calcitrance of Brazil and Spain to be handled by ‘the leading league powers’ through diplomatic channels. Another blow is thus dealt the prestige of the League of Nations. The league was to be a means of doing away with the old diplomacy, vet in a pinch it is found necessary to resort to that very thing to keep the league from falling apart.” The St. Louis Post Dispatch (inde- pendent) disagrees strongly with the idea that Brazil should be squelched. ‘Brazil is a small nation,” says the Post Dispatch, “but it is representa- tive of the whole continent of South America. It is perfectly right in con- tending for a permanent seat on the league council or nothing. Its pro- test against the discrimination being practiced against the smaller nations has the greatest weight."” Notwithstanding the seriousness of the discussion, however, the New York World (independent Democratic) affirms that “it is highly probable that under .the new President—\Vashing- ton Luiz will succeed Dr. Bernardes in November—Brazillan sentiment will change before the lapse ‘of two years makes her withdrawal final.” The Salt Lake Deseret News (independ- ent), however, feels that “it is possi- ble that Brazil's withdrawal, if perma- nent, may strengthen the Pan-Amer fcan spirit on this continent.”