Evening Star Newspaper, May 27, 1926, Page 8

HE EVENING STAR THURSDAY. THEODORM: W. NOYES. ... Editor The Fvening Star Newspaper Company Bustness Office: Nox Shi ee...May 27, 1826 8¢, ork O The Evening Sta: ith _the Sunday morn- edi I8 delivered by oarriers within ihe rity 3t°80 cents per month: 3 only. a8y TP menth: Sundey sl“vb.’ e Tolumnone Main B807 Conaciion 1s mede by esrrier at the end of each mouth. Rate by Mail—Payablo in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. lv and Snnday. on! . Sindey only All Other States and Canada. and 8, $12.00: 1 mo.. $1 00 1 $8.0¢ 7be Member of the Arsocinted Press. The Associated Preas fa exclusively aotitled 8 tha nee fo- republication of sl news dis. rfl")!ll sredited to it or not otherwisa crad. ted in rhis paper and alen tha local news published herein ANl rights of publicatien of 2! dispatches herel e aleo recerved. The Mothers’ Aid Bill. At tonight's seasion for the consider- ation of District bills the Senate will Perhaps come to a decision regarding the two measures which provide for tha establishment of a system of pub- lie ald or pensions for mothars with Aspandent childran. One of these ieh has recaived the approval of the District commities, puts the ad- ministration of the hounty tor the sup- | of these women and their chil- under the newly Board af Public Walfare, which replaces the Rourd of Charil “T'he other, offered substitute and szrecing in provision with bill tassed the Honse some time ago. ot atae u separute bourd for this purpe: Loewl ngly favors the enzctmant of the mexsure” which the Senute Distriet committen a that which places the zdmin istration of the moihers’ aid under the Roard of PPubl Thare is but lirtle support af the District people for the oihe: Bill, which is chisfy promoted by a general orguniz with headquar tears in New York and which sesks to have this Distr stablished A% a form for Nation.l and State legis letion There i to torm of zonce mas port dren created iss, ae a ite muior " opinion st has proved system Welare. n the part t meusure more than & difference dministration in this dive of opinion and support. The re provides fo A Repa- ution. called tion and descrip- bill, i rigt which rate hoard of purposes of ide tion the “Nex hounry sharity. and seeks, therefore, arate it wholly tor philanthropic Pl it under dministration. The hill #pproved by the Semute com mittee. which proposed the Commissioners upon the recommenda- ton of a body of citizens which for many months conducted # research into loexl public welfure questions. coneeivas thix hounty from a diffecent viewpoint, us something that e taken away not as something that should tahlished s a fundamental, inherent right. A Bourd of replaces three sepurute orgsnis aied for the purpose of con- d co-ordinating works of to zei rid of superfiu- s and overlapping adminisirative organizations, 1t is highly undesir- able immediately after creuting this ageney to ignore the principle upo which it was founded and proceed at once 10 cr new agency. which cannot tail to confliet in s operations with the hody. 1t has heen clearly demonstrated that under the operation of the Wadsworih bill, which has heen offered ax a substitute in the Senaie, it it should he enarted am a law, there would be fusion of jurisdiction beiween mothers” aid board and the Bouird of Public Weltare. Much ill feeling has been evinced hy supportars of the substitute bill, muinly from out of the city of insisience by the apd the people of Washington suppert the principle of co-ordinuted charities and public welfure upon u measure which represenis unanimous opinion and belief, and which is the product of u pains tuking study of the District's needs by a representative bhudy f Whashinzion asks that in this matier a sentiment for & worthy measure of id 10 dependent women, which is cal- culated 10 give them x maximum of henafit with « of disturh- ance and confusion, and which is re- Aective of 1€ substantinl ugreement on principles and details, should be re- apected now by the passage of the Commissioners” bill, .atee - was @ time when a man with the powers of Mussolini would have been referred 10 as a “eza Histor: now regards a ezmr As & COmMPA tively feeble specimen. e rovea - Government Building Program. The fve-vear $50,000.000 Govern- ment building program in \Washington is In the care of the United States Fubie Buildings Commission, Sert: ators Smoot and Swanson, Repreert- atives lanham and Klliot, David nn, architect of the Capitol: James A. Wetmore, supervising architect of the Tre ,and Maj. Grant, director of Public Buildings and Parks in Washington. This commission will bave discretion in divecting the order in which the structures will be built, their design, cost and sitep. The deci- sion of the cemmixsion will go to the Secretary of the Treasury, and his recommendation will go to Congress, which is to make appropriation and give final approval to the plans. The bill as signed by the Pregident contains the amendment offered by Senator Bruce that with exception of sites for an addition to the Govern- ment Printing Office and,for a building for the Supreme Court all the build- ings shall be placed south of Pennayl- vania avenue. 1t is in the law that, with the exceptions noted, nane of the new bmildinge shall he north of Penn- aylvnw avenss, and should as nearly RISTS tific York tor views the as an nd not s from wiher benefaction by n el te was by can be es. natural ublic Welfa: ew, which tions, solidating this characier, ate a major the mission: w " o local citizena, minimum The: 0e | L' Enfant’s whieh | - levied hereafter It desirable und | onsiant con- | beeause virtuully | 'l possible harmonize with the L'Bnfant plan. Whether sites will be secured by taking over privately owned property between Missouri and Pennaylvania avenues, Meine and ! Maryland avenues, and between B street north and Pennsylvania avenue and B stveel south and Maryland avenue rests ‘mainly with the com- mission. 5 The Ellicott plan “ef the City In- tended for the Permanent Seat of the Government of the United States” drew a canal along the north side of the Mall, and along part of that course the Washington City Canal was ‘dug. The Kllicott plan left the space between the line of the propowed canal and Pennsylvania avenue as private property. he Parsons plan of 1900 curried out what landacape architects conceived to be the spirit of idea, and extended the Mail north te Pennsylvania averue and south to Maryland avenue, and on the north side of the Mall 5o extend- ed the architects laid down proposed sites for national buildings. That is the plan favored by all persons who would have the Capital transtormed into a city of the highest architec. tural excellence, e statement is made as comning from Senator Smoot, chairman of the Public Buildings Commission and who for years has favored the policy of the ibill just signed, that “the buildings to Ihe erected are to be architecturally heautiful an well an adequate in size | and practical for the use to which they {are 1o be puc. There is & belief (hat the frat of the | proposed buildings to be undertaken ill be the Archives Building. "That is needed to make tons of public records wafe and to release the space they oc- {eupy In % number of Government buildings. | e | Good for England? Yes. ! In an sddress the Senate on | Tuesday, Renator Watsoa of Indiana !cited Rir Josiah ¥iamp, the eminent | Britiah economist, in support of the McNary-Haugen theory of relief for | agriculture, Vice President bhuwes | had interested Sir Josieh iu the Americun furm problem, aud ihe | statements yuoted by Nemator Wal- {son were from a commun | dressed (o the Vice President | The revised McNary-Haugen theory was embodied in the Haugen bill, which recenily failed of passage in {the House, but which is sl betore the Nenate In slightly modified form at the instance of Senat {The Haugen bill, as it wan vited on | the House, provided much=iery in- tended (0 take care of crop aurpluses | by selling them abroud at a loss, the [ 0% to be made up in the carly years | by # direct subsidy from the United P Ntates " ¢ und later by the de- {vice of equulization fee be | il producers of any | [ Meivary. 1o upo | zivan commuodity. Asxuming. for sake of fllustre th n rpluses were (o be | sold i Englind ve a prospect Which might well appesl favorabl, to any British economist. T besi with, the prim purpose of project would o increase ‘e of foodst in this shove the "no Ssupply -and H | mana level. mplish this, an- | 1 surpluses would be taken off the | American market and sold abroad for | whatever they would fetch. The ex- | porting agency would, it in expected, | receive lexs than it had paid for the | exported commodities. Until sueh | [ time 83 the equaliZation came into efiect, aiter u period of years, these | i lossas would be paid out of the Fed- eral subsidy. From the interest point of the non | farming Awmerican public its taxes { would be increased in order thet the | prices it had to pay for fovdatuits [might be increased. Objectionuble | | enough, if it ended there. But it! would not end there. Dumping of | | Amevican surpluses in Britaia «for purpose of illustration) wonld tend o bring down the price of all fond- i stufis there, with the inevitable re- | | sult that the same device which save | the American people an artificial | high cost of living would give the British people artificially low living | contn, Aud the vicious circle thus set In motion would keep right on swing- ing. 'The artificially low cost of liv- ing would enable British industry to | keep wages ut an artificially low ilevel and enable them to offer Brit- o, | U these e | ish goods in the world markets at artificially low prices. In the world { markets they would meet American goods which had to be offered at ar- [ tificially high prices made necessary | { by the artificially high American ! conts of living. The Awmericun goods, | of course, could not be sold: Ameri- | can factories would have to curtall production, and American workers would lose part’of their employment, Consequently, they would have to curtall their consumption of food- stuffs, o that the next vear there would be a still larger surplus to be #old (o England, to enable England atill further to cripple American in- dustr and so on and on. In the end the enterprise would break down under its accumulating burden, and everybody in this country, including the farmer, would share in the re- syltant hardships. Tt is not surprising that Sir Josiah Stamp. eminent British economist, thinks the scheme an excellent ene, but there is an Imposing numbar of eminent American esconomists who are unable to see eve Lo eve with hfm. - e “T'he North Pole, having been redis- covered, relapses again into mystery and awaits the next explorer, e e The Y. W. C. A. Building. Impressive ceremonies marked the laying of the corner stone of the new Young Women's Christian Assoclation Building by Mrs. Calvin Coolidge. The structure which is rising at Seven- teenth and K streets is to be a model of its kind. It will contain bowling alleys, cafeteria, tea rooms, mdmin- istration offices, clubrooms and gym- nasium. 'T'he total coat of the build- ing is expected to reach $780,000. Of this amount $260,000 remains to be raised. ‘Washingtonians should rally to the aid of this great movement and do their hit to eemplete the project. The pork of the Toung men Christian | cidediy againat 1 THE EVENING Association in widely recognized as being one of the prominent factors in the health and welfare of the woman- hood of the country. Washington welcomes this new structure dedicated to the highest ideals of citizenship, and residents here and elsewhere throughout the United States will not be found lack- ing in support of such worthy work. Act on the Traffic Bill! A special session of the Senate will be held tonight to consider bills relat- ing to the District of Columbia. Re- sardless of the importance of the var ous measures to be taken up, the amended trafMc bill stands out as one on which action must be had it Wash- ington is to avoid a Summer of chaotic confusion, involving probably a heavy toM In dead and injured, The first step in sending this bill along the way (o completion is action by the Senate. Several changes have been made by the Senate District com- mittes, and it 18 considered probable that even if pussed tonight it will have to go o conference. This will involve more delay and, with the clos- ing days of Congress near at hand, the lmportance of prompt and decisive ac- tion cannot be exaggerated. On the shoulders of Congress alune will rest the responsibility If this bill falls of passage at this session. was one of the first District matiers brought to the attention of the legia- lutive body when it convened last De- cember. Continiious and persistent ef- forts have been mude to have it cun- sidered. Ita puramount Importance has been siressed, und (he ¢ confronting the city In regard to ity (raMic have been pointed vut. It now remains vnly fur the Nenate to pasw it tonight and the House to concur in the Senale amendinents or o uppuint conferees. 1f conferences ure found necessary all pussible speed should be made (o whip the measure into shape for approval by both houses. On the pussage of the bill rests the traffic future of Wushington, e tons v unsutisfuctory Spring sea- sun leuves the weuther chief in the positivn of & men who becotmes unpop. ulsr because his prediclions ure sv Llion ad- | Peldom wrong. He is fortunate in Mv- | g ln un era when officials of high nity are heid 0 such reverence as that which caused high priests to be held responsible for economi ditions depending on inundation; the Nite. - T 8o many differences of opinion have arisen in connection with human re- lutionships that it becomes necesmary to discriminate and adjust friendships and eamitien according to the precise | ! without topic that happens to be under consid- | eration. —ves sical opinion suill re- e. Beethoven is yet ntelligent us couservat rded us u great composer In spite | the fuct that he wax prevented utilizing the effecis of the saxo- or the steel guitar. o—on— crophone, w of the fuct that his remarks pete in popular radio witention with all kinds of juzz alluge- nen D When the matter of a referendum ia proposed a number of statesmen who were once in favor of it are now de- we change with them. o Theve are still Republicuns and | Democrats in spite of the tendency of ontroversialists 1o line up us fupda- ntalists und modprnists, or wets and drys. - e ‘Washington, D. C., is now one of the largest cities in the country. The Idea that it became practically extinct when Congress adjourned vaunished with the horse e - An investigation is usually less val. uable for punishments it can suggest | in connection with past conditions than for the safeguards it can outline for the future. D — SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Rewards of Toil. Work is for wealth—or a bit of a snack To keep a good scout in commission. Work is for glory—or else in its lack, The hope of a chance to go fishin’. Work is for splendor and pomp and renown. Work ings re ‘That some day you trom the town And forget all its cares and go fishin’. Prejudiced Definition. “What's your idea of a propagan- dist?’ “A. propagandist,” answered Senator Serghum, “is & men who wants all I steal far away i kinds of advertising space and posi- tively refuses to pay for it.” Intrusions, ‘Thorns dwell amid the roses sweet; The clover's full o’ thistles. My radio outfit is replete With idiotie whistles. Jud Tunkins says he doesn't care who the Queen of the May is. All he hopes for personally is to keep April Fool from lasting all the way into the following March. A Riley Remembrance. Little Orphant Annle Come to our house to stay. ‘We hoped she would get busy And brush the crumbs away. Buj Little Orphant’ Annie Now has an awful cheel Bhe asks for higher wages And three days off per week. Poetry of Motion. “Dancing is the poetry of motion.” can’t see that dancing has much to do with poetry,” protested Miss Cayenne. “Imagine any one trying to dance Homer's ‘lliad’ or ‘Paradise Tost ' “I begins to believe in evolution,” said Uncle Kben. “It must have took some powerful force of nature to change de knockin' of a banjo from hoise in de past inte music at pres- 2 Bt Tigne change and | d for the wishin’ | 1 | thing jdred will resent with biting teeth or | seem to resent anyvthing. | law allo STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., THURSDAY. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Today we use a cat to point a moral and adorn a tale. The cat's name is Blackle, alias Cato, allas Tumblebug. He came from no one knows where, and evi- dently has gone back there. It is with his gding, rather than his coming, that we are concefned: for its telling is our tale, and its im- plications our moral. Blackie was a true alley cat. He was of an uncertain age, his coat a sort of rusty black, what there was of it. ‘The remainder shone in dingy, torn patches, which struck the un- observing as mange. Blackie did not have mange, how- ever- hixv somewhat dismal appear- ance was due mmply to unhealed marks of battle. When he strayed into the neighbor- hood and decided he liked it he was notable for hix large vellow eyes. Most persons shrank from contact with him on account of his scars, Some, however, gave him food and | Winter nights, where- | rubbed | lodging on c upon he pu; happily and his fur atill more dingy on convenient table legs. He was an appreciative old | fellow- (oo appreciative, to be quite honest about him, He was so affectionate, in fact. that his friends constanily found themselves covered with his shed hair and entangled in his winding, twist- 1| Ing back. Such was Blackie. ok ok ok Under good feeding and the utten ton which he craved. Blackle picked up In appearunce, xo that in time he loxt some of his mungy appearance, and hegan to look hetter all around. Nothing seemed (v disturh his equa nimity. If he wus chased out of the vard for rolling on the irix, he would SItut the back gute und peer through, not offering to come in, He wux content (o get his ev seal, and sleep fn the great outdoors His prize feat @s his humun friends suw 1) wus to sleep all day in the driving ruin in the middle of the buck vard, It waus the last of the mixt snow and rain pelting down dismally, but Blackie did not budge from hix bed in the erass, there, thought him dead, but they dJid not know Blackie, lle wux used (0 water. in u chimney corner, the haurdest rulun that o nol come very ufien of u feline Buddha. His oue trick seemed (o be rolling over und vver, fip-foppiug from side 10 side on his buck, preferubly in a newly planted flower bed. The chief point in his life came when he was invited into the warm Kitchen, during & pouring rain, and allowed o sleep on w chale the re wainder of the day. Uiy Lehuvior was exemplary. ¢ ed up Into a bull, he slept the hours away, now and then opening his yel. low ‘eves, now and again shifting hin position, in’ the leisurely, methodical manner cats have. One could even Huddied up he would fuce ie they did with the ‘cu hold_his hind legs molestation. This is some. ninety-nine cats out of & hun- scratching claws. But Blackie did not pleased him, although he kep} a wary ve upon it. * o oa ok That evening he seemed in his usual s of | Some, seeing him The world | good humor, so that one who rolled him over on his back had no reason to tear his bite. This night, however, Blackie reached up his head, as his two forepaws were grasped, and nipped the hand that held him. Inatinctively, the one who held him slapped Blackie on the ears—for the holder was a member of the animal kingdom, too, had his instinctive reactions as well as do the members of the cat tribe. Biackie was up and away in an in- stant, bounding up the stepa, over the fence, past a foot of another that Kicked at him. With the impulse of the kicker we have nothing to do. Our story is of the one who slapped and he who gets slapped. It there are physical reactions, equally there are mental reuctions. Call them of the soul, if it pleases you better. Speak the word “conaclence too. it that bringe the idea to v in more appealing fashion. It was the last the neighborhood saw of Blackie. He was just an old alley cat, who had no beauty, that any one should prize him, nor any- thing particularly but a good disponi- ton, wnd seemingly he hud lost even | that, < | Yet the one who slapped. after reflection (having bathed the wound. and put iodine on it), felt saddened that he had struck back at Blackie. The cat knew no better—but he, the | no-called superior animal—he should, have known better. He, in common with others, was glad that Blackie was gone. In truth, he cat had been.something of a nul- | wa In the secret recesses of hin | heart, however, the siapper would have been glad 10 see Blackie back | once more, just to give him a kindly pet and a bowl of crea oo How many of us go through life | lupping others and then wishing we had not done it! Is there u mun with soul %o dead who never to himself hawx said, “1 wish I hadn't done tha ‘Fhe only way we can pi aelves from being sorry for do in— Never to do it. A counsel of perfection, in truth vel une that every one can atiempt, at leust. to put into practice. “The trouble with this world the (roublex ix that so msny even (ry. Regrel There is no wan whe doex not have them—-n0 woman, no child, perhaps no dog. or no cat every living thing must regret something. Happy is he, perhaps. who has no rel_olher than slapping an alley cal. This, ax MONL regreis. was Awo fold. not only for the act done. which was unnecessary, but also for the giv- Ling in 1o an tmpuise. In a thousund affaire of daily lite it will be better for us (o o o bed bit ten, hut with & conscience ut reat than o add to vur hurt the sting anger, the spleen of wrath, the disas. ter of ill-will. There Is no day. however well be. £un. that does not give us some op portunity to refrain from hurting o injuring others, either mentally or physically How lonz will it be before we Chris tiuns learn what the Man of Nazareth meant when he sald: “Inasmuch ax ve do it unto the least of these little ones, so also ye do it unte Me'? vent our what we one of never BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL Next Monday Puland will hold a special election of w President. The va it and Pllaudski decrees it. Who-is Pilsudski? He ix (he “strong man of Poland”—its deliverer from Russia, its one-time President, after having heen its foremost “bandit He in the chief whose secret legion units of ‘ten.” xworn in 1907 to vbey his eve order, so demoralized and terrorized (he Russian army garri soned throughout Russian Poland to guard its raliroad stations and trains that the Russian inspector of reported: ““There is no lvuger u Rus slun army o Poland. ‘There is only u band of demoralized policemen.” Pil- | sudski hud ordered his legionnuires to isons and 1o hat they laugh at the Russlan gar %0 [raternize with them would be off their guard. His “units of ten,” ovbeviug their chiel's secret order, came out of nowhere for a specific rald ipon (he zar's property, und when (hat had been accamplished they disappeared into eivil lfe, wher avenging sudski had learned secretiveness by bitter experi- ence five years u Siberiun exile, Lwo years free, then five vears in a Ri slan prison, whence he was delivered by feigning Insanity and by the con- nivance of a jail physi plotted two vears to that end. | * X % % ‘When the World Waur broke, Pilsud- ski's secret legion was 30.000 strong, but at the first draft all but 1,000 were swept into the Russian mobiliza- tion. Yet 1,000 under Gen. Pilsudski was an army which even Russia could not despise. Germany and Austria recognized its importance in harassing Russia, and encouraged recruiting, un: th Gen. Pilsudski declared: “We start fighting Russia. We shall probably finish fighting other na- tions.” And (he prophecy came true, * K % A 1915, the German army entered Warsaw. tussia was driven out of Poland. Plisudski ovdered recruiting of his legion to cease, saying, openly, “Russia i8 beaten now; next, we must fAight German . His army under German control ceased to recruit, but a new secret army was being organized by Pilsud- ski. Germany and Austria suspecting this “treachery” of the Polish patriot, to, whom no cause was sacred which did not include the freedom and inde- pendence of Poland. incorporated an oath of the legionnaires in 1917, pledging allegiance to Germany and Austria. The legion was paraded and the oath was read to the army. The of- ficers were ovdered to step forward and repeat it. As one man, the whole army stepped forward the required paces, then the officers broke their swords and awaited their fate. Al were arrested, Including Pilsudsi who, with his aide, was imprisoned at Magdeburg, where shortly they were released by German Socialists. Pil sudski is a Socialist, though not a red."” * X ox oK Pilsudski's secret organization was not dismayed. As soon as he escaped from the German prison, he returned to Warsaw, where he found the capi- tal under a regency government. He became minister of war, and his first act was to call out his secret army, the “Polish Military Korce,” and or- der it to disarm and intern all Ger: mans. Two days after the armistice he became dictator, wth Paderewski as_prime minister. When the constitition of revivell Poland was adopted and the repub- Hcan government began to function, he was elected President, and he merved his term as such. Then came the presidency of Wojciechowski, un- der ‘whose administration the rising Jealousies and power of the 22 parties in the Diet hampered and made im. potent the cabinet in its efforts to economize expenditures and to balance the budget. . The cabinet fell, last month, and nn cealition conld gain the support of the Diet. Anarchy was upon Po- infantry | V. COLLINS, Iand. The President was powerless, Again Pilsudski and his legion came to the rescue. Marching upon War- suw, it battled with the forces of the government, the lossex on both sides aggregating 600 killed snd hundreds wounded, but Gen. Pilsudski was tri- umphant. ok ok % The Polish that in case a constitution _provides President dies or re- signs, the marshal of the Sejm (House of Representatives) shall be. | come “acting President” and the two branches of the Diet—the Senute and the Sejm—shall unite to elect a presi- dent of the republi at election will occur May 31, It is generally expected that ( Pilsudaki g but he first demands that the powers of the President shall he enlarge. that the President, with his capinet, will be able (o govern the country | with greuter independence uf the pet. ty fuctions, The Constitution can be amended by & two-thirde vote of the members present in u combined session of both | branches of the Diet, provided not less than half of the total eiected members is present. The next Die following an election, may revoke the i change by a three-fifths vote, provided half of the total membership is pre ent. The changes demanded hv Pil- sudski are based upon hix assumption that parliamentarism has Dbroken down in Poland as well as in Italy and Greece, and that the country's safety depends upon the rule of “a swrong man.” LI The United States s interested in observing orderly developments in Polish government, quite aside from one altruistic interest in the peace and prosperity of all nations. Poland owes us $178,000,000, which debt was funded in 1924, 10 the satisfaction of both parties. ' The change of the presidency raises | the question as to whether it was brought about without revolutionar compulision. ‘The resignation was ol tained in the night by Marshal Rataj of the Sejm, who thereby became the constitutional successor as ‘“acting President.” Gen. Pllsudski was not 0. to Rataj’s demand for the resigna- tion. Pilsudski's forces were in pos session of the capital, but on that question as to whether the resign don was given under duress or vol- untarily may rest the recognition of the new government by other ni tions, especially by the United States. * ok ok K The United States has for years discouraged coups d'etat on the Western Hemisphere by refusing to give recognition to any government that comes into power by revolution, but, so far, has never exercised that discrimination as (v Kurope. Uncle Sam is a godfather over American peace. bul makes no such claims as to the rest of the world. 1 It we refuse (o recognize the Pil- sudski revolt. and Plisudski should become President next Monda!, how will we_ collect the next installment, of the $178,000,000 due us, and funded in 19242 Our State Department has not taken ny position as to the Plisudski legiti- macy. All his acts, outwardly, have the isemblance of constitutionalit; The test is expected in case Parll ! ment should refu: to chan, the | Constitution to suit Pilsudski’s ideas, and he should become, not President, but _dictator. The present Parliament or Diet was elected in 1922 for five years; it cannot be dissolved until 1927 without its consent. Pllsudski being asked last Tuesday what he would do in case Parliament elected a President not satis to him, he replied significantly, “We shall see what we shall do when we come to that.” An aide ended the interview with, “When Pilsudski is President, he will give annther intervisw." “Copyright, 1926, mi ul V. Celtine.) present when Wojciechowski acceded | -MAY -27., 1926. THE NORTH WINDOW , By Leila Mechlin. Within the last month a great gift h heen made 1o the Nation, a gift the full value of which is still scarce- Iy realized by even those who are best informed. ‘This Is the bequest of Joseph -Penneli of almost everything | | he possessed—capital. prints, “paint- | ings, manuscripts, books and copy- rights-—to the United States Govern- ment for the division of prints of the Library of Congress. Pennell's eatate, it has ieen . is estimated at something over $250,000. Thia represents the | joint earnings of Mra. Pennell and | himself, and during Mrs. Pennell's {life everything is left in trust to her, {but at her death it will constitute the J. and E. R. Penneli fund for the foundatfon of a Calcographic Museum by the acquirement of etched plates nd lithographic stones of deceased artists, {rom which prints may | made and sold at a nominal price to art students and others. It will also provide means for further acquisition of printe by living artists. This will not only mean the development of our division of prints, but the establish- ment of a new and valuable depari- ment along the lines of the three great calcographic museums of the world. What would not this gift have meant to those who first envisioned the print division of the Library of Con- gress and through their well directed efforts brough® it into being? | o ox w | Mr. rennell was one given to {cism, some said to fault-Aindi more tha almost any one has for vears realized the potentiali- ties of the dlvision of prints of the | Library of Congress. Indeed, he com plained (o friends vigorously from time o time that there wan not suf- ficient sppreciation shown of what had alreudy heen usccomplished by the Library of Congress in the de-| velopment of this division and the opportunities it afforded students. In his will Mr. Pennell said that (he reason for the gift wus thut the United States was spending money on prints and so encouraging art and artists—in fact, had_encouraged him. | When he gave the Pennell collection | of Whisth Congress he and Mra. Pennell spent weeks cataloguing and arranging it. At that time they came in clowe ouch with those in charge of the division of prints nud were greatly im pressed by the excellent co-operation given, xox o x The print division of the Library ‘ougress was emtablished shortly after the Library moved into its new bullding, nearly 30 vears ago. The first chiel of the division was the late A. .. Parsons. and under his stimulating leadership its orguniza- {tlon wan planned on broad lines. Gen- “ronn gifts have besn made Lo Itx permanent collectivn. such. for in- stance, s the iner Hubbard col- | lection. 1t ,has also had valuable loans, such as the Garrett collection, From time to time the works of cotemporary print makers have been acquired by purchase. but no large fund has been uvallable for acces- sions. Two lections v the ments. the Calcographie du L und (he Regiu Calcografia, | The Jatter was founded Clement XIT in 1738, and by 1875 had acquived 15,000 plates, From these (he art lover can now obtain prints [for « few lire of the masterpieces f lialian etching. ‘The French Calcographie du Louvre. which is in the Musee National du lLouvre, had its inception ahout 1660 through the desire of Louis XIV to preserve for posterity through the medium of eiching the achievements of *his reign. his his palaces. his chateausx. ete. led to the acquisition of plates and from these orizinal plates heautiful prints of the master etchers and engravers of France are now ob- 1ainable at small cost. g Comprehensive collections of these Jrints were sssembled by those in charge in Paris and in Rome and presented as an international courtes Yo the print division of our Library of Cougross, From time to time they have been exhibited. of interesting and valuabie col re added through the gift nch and Halian govern- These comprise prints from ivre, In Paris in Rome. by Pope Fennell's plan is that this Gov- | ot shall establish u similar in- stitution or organization. and that gradually there will be got togetht and held in Government ownership etched plates and lithographic stones I by American artists constituting an | American collection of a similar sort. {This will mean a_perpetual source of valuable maierial available 1o the public and within the reach of the person of moderate means. . i only, therefore. does it magnity the work of American ertists, but it places | trust, for educational purposes. for the cultivation of a love of art in the hands of the National Govern- ment. o2 ox X This is the sec time within i riod that the Li v :‘::;; Yas @ National institution, has |been made the recipient of a trust fund with similar object. The Coolidge fund for music supplements the | service of the division of music and | provides for its perpetual beneficence. | Mrs. Coolidge's -endowment for the music division includes provision for an annual honorarlum for the chief of he division in addition to his gov- mental salary. ‘This lnsures ex- pert conduct in the administration of [that division, and places apecialist {there who will not merely he an | authority In the subject matter, but widely influential in the application of | it to its best service —an endowment. | or @ part endowment, analogous to a | chalr of music. What is greatly need- |ed now is a similar endowment, or part endowment. for the division of prints, temporarily without a chief since the death, more than a vear ago, of Prot Rice, who succeeds Mr. Par- sone, | * x X % ‘But to return to the Pennell gift. | “This will include, not only, it must be ‘m‘ll!d. funds for acquisition and for the calcographic museum or collection of etchings and lithographic stones, | but the Pennell books, drawing: manuscripts and prints. Mr. |was an etcher and Ilithographer of extraordinary gift and achievement. {and a complete, or a near complete, collection of his etchii lithographs, drawings and manuseripts will in itself |be a rich possession for the National | print_collection. i "It in understood that the Memorial | Exhibition to he held in Memorial | Hall, Philadelphia, next Fall, will com- prise over 1,000 items representative of Mr. Pennell's work, and this col- lection is to be assembled chiefly from private collections without drawing on the collection now constituting a valyable part of his estate. 1In providing for the purchase of original printe for addition te the Pennell collection, Mr. Pennell stipu- lated that the works should be by mod- its of any nationality. that _thev should be of the greatest excellence. 1t, was his request that | these future acquisitions should be purchased by a committee of three— | the chigf of the division of prints a for the time being, an etcher and a | lithographer of artistic eminence, the latter two to be chosen by the curator of the National Gallery of Art, th director of the Corcoran Gallery of Art and the chief of the division of prints of * the ' Library ' of Congreas. This will constitute a committee ac- ceptable, presumably, to all, on which produeing artists will have a majority hare 15 perhuny nothing g more M- | egg know ANSWERS TO QUESflONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. Where and what in Row?—D. | A. Tiherty Row inan avenne of red oaks in a park at Cleveland, dedicated May 30, 1919, to the memory of the | 835" Cleveland boys who gave their liven in the World War. Q. How far apart are the mources of the Rhine id Rhone Rivers?— E. C. 8. A. The sources of the Rhine and Rhone are ahout 3 miles apart. The length of the Rhine is 800 miles: of the Rhone, 504 miles. The former river empties into the North Sea; the latter into the Guif of Lyon and the Mediterranean. Libprty Q. What wax the name of the! Queen of Sheba?—M. M. A. The Queen who visited Solomon s not historically mentioned by name. Her home was Rheba, which was the capital of Arabla Felix. According to a late Arabic v m of the atory, her name was Balki | Q. What was the nume of the other | man who rode when PPaul Revere did | to spread the alarm?— F. A. William Dawer was the other | man who rode to warn the colonists of the coming of the British. | Q. How many rose leaves does it | take to make an ounce of attar of roses?—W. H. i A. It Ia said that it takes 2 tons of rose leaves to make an ounce of this highly concentrated perfume, Q. 2 is the size of the I ik N A. The epiornis, an extinct ratite bird of Madagascar. much like an os wich In size and structure, largest and strongest eggs measuring about 13 inches by inches. These dimensions are those of un ostrich egg. and an egg of Wha st 83 rnis would hold the contents | ich eggs. Tradition and the evidence of wome bones indicate that these birds were exterminated since human occupation of Madaguscar be- | USINg this to rub the paint. gan, Q. A. Artificial How is artificial snow made”. « snow is made from { material is simply broken into fine | bits, Q. What is & national standard in- v ole C. P. A. It in a form of invoice recom- | mended by the Department of Com- | merce through the Bureau of Stand- ards, for all transactions the use of such commercial ments. Q. Do the Philippine Islands have their own postage stamps or do they use the United States stamps?—C. G A. The Post Office Department sa that the Philippines have their own stumps. Howev United States stamps are also used. Q. a cement fioor a smooth finish?—G. A. In finishing cement floor there are several methods that can he followed. It can be treat ed with parafin wax dissolved in tur. Is there a method that will give . | the twice | | the iana to the Library of | steel wool or mica. In either case, the A M Lot vi | m\od\;l:i;b.,.m of visitors, | which are appointed b | of the United State the surface of a! A coating of pow on to the floor in as a wooden flooy = w and polished. Another method that might bhe employed would be coating the surface of the floor with liguid xoup which s werked up into a lather and rubbed into the floor by means of a scrubbing brush after which an occasional application pentine. followed dered wax worke the sa manner {of powdered soap on the floor from timie to time would ser surface in good shape. It might he that severs) applications of liquid soap would he necessary hefore the sur face is filled sufficiently to provide Amooth finfsh which would be satix factory. Q. 'a there a lightning rod on the statue of Freedom on the dome of the Capitol?>—M. B, 8. A. The stat acts as A rod, having a row of spikes around the crown, placed there for the pur Pose of receiving lightning discharges. Q. What i put of ice cream factories? H. A. It amounts to more than 000,000, not incinding the oupu small retail shops. Q. Doer foggy a clear alr’—L. A. Foggy alr ighs more thar clear air If all the other conditions are alike, and more per cuble foot. say. by the weight of all the fog particles in<that cubic toot less the weight nf iv displaced by thess particles. However. this fog weighs very litle, and so dry air and foggy Alr. when the other conditions are {dentiea), to keep the lightning the value of the out- o B at weigh mare than | weigh almost exactly the same. lald the | known, | Q. | have a house trimmed with white paint. Can the paint he wash ed with something to clean it, but not spoil it7—T. H. A. One of the best wava to clean white paint is to dip a plece of soft fiannel cloth in warm water, wring it out and then dip it in clean hran, The fric tion of the bran will remove the siaina without injuring the paint. Q. How many miles of railroad dosx New York Central have? -W. A. The New York Central lines have 76.89 (this does not include sepa- operated linas that are con- 6 rately trolled by the New York Central). Q. Does St. Elizaheth’s have a hoard sitors?—L. E. R. St. Elizabeth's Hospital has a the members of Y the President Frederic J. Haskin is employed by | thia paper to nandie the inquiries of our readers and you are invited to call | upon him as freely and as often ax you please. Ask anything that is & | matter of fact and the authority will | be quoted you. There is mo charge for this service. Ask schat you want. | sign your mame and address and in- !close ® cents in ateamps for return postage. Address The Evening Star Information Rureau. Frederic J. Has- Kin, director, Washington. D. C. No Party Lines in Discussing Primary Fight Pennsylvania Party lines are not drawn to any extent in comment on the Pennsyl- vania senatorial primary in which Senator Pepper, “d and backed by the national administration, was beaten along with the ardently Gov. Pinchot by Representative Vare, leading the old Philadelphia machine and rallying the “wets” generally. tepublicans and independents, like the Democrats, differ chiefly over the question of whether ft was a significant anti-Volstead victory or merely the triumph of political o ganization using all the tricks of the de. fhis primary, “whatever else was." in the opinion of the Chica Daily News (independent), “unque tionubly was a referendum on Ve steadism—indirect, but none the le: eifective. The Democrats, 100, adds the Daily News, “have nominat- ed a wet candidate for Senator. Thu | | Pennsylvania has gone on record in | favor of a redefinition of intoxicanis | in prohibition enforcement laws, Na- | tlonal ana Stat The Albany Eve- ning News (independent Republican) | draws the conclusion that “the people are tired of the prohibition e forcement farce and wWant (o express themselves about it.” with the added comment that “Vare made a handle of prohibition for his campaign, and was an effective handle.” The Louisville Herald-Post (independ- | ent) . also feels that “the conclusion | i inescapable that the wets have | womv a pronounced victory,” for | “there is no reason to assume that | Representative Vare corralled any | dry votes” * &k x %, Pennsylvania has frankly de- clared itself a wet State,” says the St. Paul Pioneer Press (independent Republican), “which, of course, was never a secret, and proclaims that tLe present system of prohibition will have to he forced on its population against their will. It is a reminder that New York is not only great State whase wishes will have (0 be overridden it prohibition is to be maintained in America. ‘The inabil- ity of a Republican administration save & man like Pepper in Penn= Ivania is & pogtent that should not be lost on Washington.” On the other side are assertions like ent Democratic) that “to say that Vare won on the wet question and to igno the fact that the Philadelphia machine simply stood by its own is te confuse | the fssue much as it was confused in 1Hinois, where Senator McKinley was made to appear a vietim of his Woi Court adhesion.” A similar opinion is | held by the Elmira Star-Gazette (in- dependent’, which remarks that “‘two | organizations seeking control of the | politics of the State of Penn: | fought it out in the primaries,” and describes the battle as “‘a case of the Kast against the West in | vania, and the Fast won. Elmira paper also concludes that Vare “is seeking the mantle once | worn by Boies Penrose” and will un- doubtedly step into Penrose's shoes, provided the Mellon interesis i accept the verdict of the primar To the Newark Evening News (in- dependent) it appears “the wets may take great jov and new courage out of this prim: ' and also, “rightly or wrong Mellon made the nomination of Pepper a test of cult to do than to make a wie will, eapecially if one has much to give an a desire to give beneficently. In th respect Mr. Pennell's will is rema able—its provision for the future, its well considered plan, its simplicity of xpression, the freedom it allows those who would carry out its pu | pose. Essentially it is a generous i strument; few binding restrictions ai made. The spirit is essentially affirm. ativy great trust is created, but one which seems easy (o fulfill, and in so seeming must lead to achievement. By his life, through his work, and now at his death., through his wise forethought and generous gift, Joseph dry | that of the Hartford Times (independ- | public confidence in the admtnistra tion. The most that can I= said is that Coolidge's strength with the Re | publican voters in Pennsyivania, as | elsewhere. s personal. and he cannot transmit it to others.”” The Birming ham News (independent Demoeratic! sees the same combination of forces when it say: are’s strength. unlike the guileless vouth Galahad. was the strength of ten.’ because his poli tica was wet. As for President Cool | ldge's interference in Pennsyivania politics through the Secretary of the | Treasury, which proved so fruitiess. | it is but increaming evidence that the administration has precious little in- fluence in out-State politics. * X ok o The Springfield Union (Republican) no less emphatically holds that “those Republicans who voted in Pennsyl- vania o as to express an unmistak- able opinion on this prohibition ques- tion were repudiating neither the President nor his administration. Loyal to It, they were not voting either for or against it. Tt is absurd | to suppose that the Republicans of : that State or any other cannot em brace a clear opportunity to express their sentiments upon a special con- dition or issue without failing in loyal- 1y or to support of the Republican party, the President or his general policies. The local phase of the Vare victory |in emphasized by the Wichita Beacon |independent Republican) with the statement: “Congressman Vare i a {seasoned old machine politician of the typieal standpat gang variety. His victory is no credit to Pennsyivania. It means a setback to good govern- | ment_in that State. aside from the prohibition phase of the outcome.” As to the latter the Beacon is inclined to consider that “the vote indicates a ma jority for the drya. which is rather astonishing in view of the claims | made by wets as to atraw votes and other supposed indications of resent- ment against prohibition. The possibility of a revolt is seen by the Providence Bulletin (independ- ent). which says: “It is well to remem ber that Pennavivania. in spite of he. ing the premier Republican State of the Union, has sometimes refused its allegiance to the G. O. P. Whether there will be a similar revolt this against Vare and his machine, tinues the Bulletin, “is a matter for absorbing speculation.” % L B ‘The Philadelphia Public Ledger (in dependent) also describes the outcome as a “purely machine” victory. hut the Harrishurg Telegraph (Republi can) replies, “It must appear that a political organization able to nd the powerful opposition and the news- paper grilling which the papers of Philadelphia administered in the campaign. and come through not only whole, but with independent wards swelling its totals. cannot be without popular appeal, not to say merit.” “‘Once again.” in the opinion of the Akron Beacon Journal (Republican). ‘the primary has demonstrated fts use- lessness as a method of registering a party’s sober and intelligent prefer- ence in choice of public servants.” Reviewing the factional conditions, the Akron paper concludes that “it was no surprise to the Nation to know that In such a contest the real bhoss won, by a trick of issues, by jockeying with public patrona and hy specious appeals to the mob."” The South Bend Tribune (independent Re publican) also attacks the direct pri- mary and says of Gov. Pinchot: should have staved out of the race But he insisted on running, thereh; insuring defeat of Senator Pepper. The Seattle Daily Times (independent Republican) states that “at least it was demonstrated in the Pennsyl- vania primary-that Gov. Pinchot iz the last man the regular Republicans would think of for the United States Senate.” v “Tt is obviou according to the Philadeiphia Evening Bulletin (inde- pendent Republican). “that when ean- didates for responsible legislative or lexecutive offices are elected or de- feated solely on the position they may Pennell has enriched and added glory to our Nation. And whet i more, this glory ‘Is not #f the past ar merely of the prese; t for all time. take as to prohibition. the hid is for the demagogue and the least fit. and doex tond to sficiency .in mev- - v