Evening Star Newspaper, March 6, 1926, Page 6

8 THE EVENING STAR ~ With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY.......Marchk 6. 1926 THEODORE W. NOYES. . . .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office 11th St. and Pennayly w York Office: 110 E: 1 Chicazo Offica: Tower Buildivg. European Office:_14 Regent St.. London, England. The Evening Star. with_the Sunday morn fng edition. s delivered hy carriers within 1ha cits.al’ 60 cenis per month: dajly only. 48 cents per m : Sunday only. 20 centa per month. Orders may le sent hy mail or falaphone Main 5000, Collection is mad: by carrier 4t ‘he tnd of rach month Rate by Mail—Payable in Adyvanc: Maryland and Virgink Daily and Sundas . £0.00 Daily onls $3.00 Funday on'y 18300 1er It 15r All Other States and Canada. Paile and Sundas. 1 vr.$12.00: 1 ma. $1.00 Dailr only 1v SR.O0 %% Tmo. 2 £unday only 1yr %100 1mo Member of the Associated Press. 1ed o the it Francis A. Richardson. Francis Ashury Asath at an early Richardson, whose hour toda of which he had n an member o more than sixty vears, was a remark ahle figure in American journalism He bezan to write for publication at the age of sixteen and for than continued his contribu He became an editor at twenty In 1865 he became a “Wash ington correspondent,” the following vear establishing a connection the Baltimore Sun in that capaecity. which maintained for thirty-five wvears, then voluntarily retiring. But %4 keen was his interest in public af fair: intimate his acquaintance men and issues that he continued v his oceasional commentaries on matters of politica moment. During that I is association with the Baltimore his disy initials P A R the greatesi saddens the community active and valuable more six decades he tions three 5 he for ten vears long period of sun the tehes, bearin, * were regzarded by vead ers of his paper with the v spect, and were read wi perfect confidence Few men field of Washinzton ever exercised so potent “F. A. R corresy and avidity have served in the journalism have in influence inde. scrupulously faithful He held a re- markable record ¢ sndance at the neminating conventions of the politi cal pa having heen present at every one of those meetings from 187 Ir of political ns he traveled widely. and in tous for Fw who lie dent rust as did was an fatizab his t ies tn 186 the course o made extensive h material add which furnished r Simee 1890 Mr. Richardson was ifen- tified with The Evenin Company Ir of a dire asso was 1y st wisdom ssich he displayed on all matters and in all ations during that period of thirty- the capacity ‘tor, an that of the stead 1 ion ¥ appreciated hecan Bix M vears Richardson’s nature such s and hold the affections’ of those with whom he came in contact. He al friend. a charming companion, gifted with clear juds- ment and vision and with an unusual facility of expre: The years rest- lightly upon him. Though he had | the eighty-eighth milestone of | retained his physi and his mental vigor unimpair ed until a few davs death, when he was taken ill S0 pa + veteran of journalism Aearly hizhly honored, sin + man of sterling in- natufl gifts know whom was was W 103 was a on. pa 1tfe liness he cal spright- | | of his| | helove cerely mou of rare Nobody continues to say Down with the biration Neverthless s proached w interests of trusts time a com- of mentioned plain that nier s made h discree the i s s merger is sor t an egard for ihe G Washington's eagata demonstrated ship delive: of pay, and greatest comy fire department has that member- without thought we worthy it of the tion possible The National Council of Indians. of week The establishment ton here last santatives of nine important tribes ©of American Indians for the ad vancement of the welfare of the race the protection of their property and the advancement among them of the benefits of civilization is reminiscent of Indian organizations of other years, all of which failed, where this one 1= Wealy, in a measure, to succeed , The organizers, some thirty in num Bar. who came here to urze the'wishes of their tribes upon Congress, repre. rented the following nations: Crow Chippewa, Assiniboine. Sioux. Wich f1a, Osage, Klamath, Pima and Ponca They adopted the title ‘‘National Council of American Indians.” with the slogan “BEqual r an In dlans This council is the first ever formed that representative of the Red Men a whole can prophesy the chances success of | this organization, for frankly dis- | agrees with the Bureau of Indian Af fairs on manv counts. None the less | the bare fact that it has come into be- | Ing and that it is fully representative Seemz a step in the right direction The Indians were alwavs rather ®good organizers and confederates, hut their confederation, even if successful never lasted. The example that comes an organiza by 0 one for most readilv to mind is the Six Na- | tions of the lroquois. the “People of the Long House.” as they styled them salves—Mohawks, Senecas, Oneidas. ‘Onandagas, Cayugas and Twsenro This was a permanent organization, not merely a warlike al- liance, and its success and persistence #sem to have been almost as depend ent on its voliticl and economic as- pects as on its military strength. 1t Tasted the longest of anv and was the most difficult of disintezration. Any ene group of settlers in Colonial America hesitated 1o embark »on trou- Ble with any one of these tribal &roups lest it have all six about the ears like hornets. Fosntiac, chief of the Ottowas, had a temvor with | wide | wid repre. | powerful and efficlent intertribal or- ganization composed of Wyandots, Senecas, Delawares, Shawnees, Ojib- | ways and other Algonquin tribes in the eighteenth century. It was form- | et for no good end and was destroyed. | Tecumseh, the Shawnee, enlisted the Creeks and other Southern tribes un- der his banner. Willlam Henry Harrl- son attended to him and his minions nicely. Going far back into American Elstory one finds King Philio with his Wampanoags, Nipmucks and Narra- zansetts. Both he and Tecumseh were treacherously slain by men of their swn blood. When Abraham Lincoln |was a younz man he took the field azainst Black Hawk and his Saecs and 3 Little Turtle, the Miami, with | his allies defeated both Harmar and Si. Clair before he was brought finally 1o b Within the memory of many living occurred the zreat alliance of Sioux. Cheyennes and Arapahoes un- der Sitting Bull, which met first with ecstatic victory, but later with de- structive defeat, What might American history not have heen had the redskins of those bygone davs been able 1o appreciate and to perfect a nation-wide organiza tion? The outcome would probably have been the same, but the progress of civili slower and far more bloody and expensive. Political proph- i< foretell a United States of Europe which tribal differences and ani- | mosities shall be forsotten. whose vrinciple will be “One for all and all for one.” Should it occur before it is too late it could rule the world. But organizations usually do not come into heing until 1t is too late, un 1l the of bickerinz have done their work and the components are but bravely siruggling, by means warlike and otherwise, prevent their heing pushed further and fur ther inte the shade. ex, ation such centuries o R The Cathcart Case. of the absurd situation the order excluding the Catheart from the United States has been found by a judicial that the confessed offense which was cited as cause of her exclu- sion was not 4 “crime’ under the law South Africa, where it had been committed decision did not in- intes pretation of “moral tur- 1t was perhaps deliberately And 1 is probably just as well that this is so. For the Catheart case has been calculated 1o make ridiculous the enforcement of the im- migration act, which is designed to protect this country from undesirables of a wholly different character. With the escape of the Earl of Cra- ven from this jurisdiction, the Cath- cart case turned exclusively upon an interpretation of statutes, The “dou- ble standard” issue was not Involved. Had the Government persisted it might have won a decision, but such a winning would have been embarrass- ing, for it had hecome evident that the initial order of exclusion was viewed with scornful amusement both in this country and abroud. The sole result of the blunder at Ellis Island has been 16 give country- publicity to a woman who has plainly sought to be conspicuous. She has secured a notorlety that has al ready been given a commercial valua- tion. It remains now to be seen whether there are enough foolish peo- | ple willing to pay the price of admis- sion to see and hear her to make her visit the United States commer cially profitable A ot created hy untess way ision | | | i volve pitude.” evaded is | 0 ——— On the Ocean Bottom. Suecesstul tests on one of the hiz gest American submarines |cluded yesterday at New | Conn., when the V-1, with nearly on: | hundred officers and men aboard, r turned 1o her base after cruising un- | der water for a perlod of four hours and ten minutes and reaching a deptn hundrea and four feet. FKor forty-twa minutes the huge craft lay the bottom of the ocean off New London. Although the pounds per square seeped through the wong memb were con- London, o1 1wo {on 88 % water was pressure was inch and seams, s of sweet | it the and crew ir clean throughout the submergence and the eraft 1 up well under the strain. During the deep dive those in the sul agreed that the was marine were in constant communica {tion with the school ship cruising on | the surface. The V-1. which 1024, is 341 feet long, and carries officers and eighty-four men. | With her sister ships, the V-2 and V.3, | her hull designed to withstand | pressure at a depth of two hundred I'feet. Three mare "\ hoats are under | construction. however, which will he |able 1o dive three hundred feet into the sea. ms learned was commissioned in seven was Less in the World W | have served well in peace to promo the science of submersible boats. From a small “tank” the submarine has advanced to a complete fighting , vinz guns of large calibe, (orpedoes and with # cruising radius of thonsands of miles. The next war, 4 larze degree, will probably he ht under the water and in the r. A complete equipment of both types of fighting units is therefore es sential 10 nation, and the United ates will not laz behind in either these requisites for defense. o | | ca any Certain hiographers venture fo inti mate that Washington more interest hop than cherry trees eorge in tons vines in - P The Tourist Camp. Urging favorable action on the reso lution delaying the construction of a permanent field building at the tourist camp in East Potomac Park. Maj. . Grant, 3d. director of public buildings and parks. In a letter to a House committee, recommends that provisions be made now for the estab- lishment of the camp at another point. The reasons which he advances for such a change are impressive. In the first place, the site for the camp is not well located for present purposes. It is convenient only tq those who enter the city from the South, and incon- venient for those who enter it from other directions. It is conspleuously in evidence to all who enter or leave the city by train on the Southern | lines. a disfisurement to the park. It encroaches upon the space needed for public recreational use, and that en s, X THE _EVENING BTAR, WASHINGTON, D. €., SATURDAY, MARCH 6. 1926. croachment will hecome more serious with the passage of time. To erect a permanent building there would be to assure the maintenance of the tourist camp in Potomac Park for an indefi- nite time. Though the appropriation has been grarited and under the law work on the construction will be soon begun otherwise directed by congressional action, it is vet possible to prevent this mistake. In the inter- est of economy, which will be served by not constructing a bullding in the park, only to be later removed, as it must inevitably be if the park is to be preserved for public recreational the resolution now pending should be at once passed. At the same time it is highly desirable that consideration he given to the auestion of a truly permanent estah- lishment elsewhere in the District, cated with reference the conven- lence of the tourists, the public inter est.and 1o the future development of the Capital, unless purposes, B Aerial Commuters. Aerial commuters will s monplace. a speaker before the change Club of New York told his listeners. A network of aerial taxicab lines will radiate from the metropolis for distances of one hundred to one hundred and twenty-five miles into the suburbs, he said, and journeys which now take from thrée to four hours by railroad will be matters of but a few minutes. Landing fields will be estab- lished near the heart of the city, and this type of commercial aviation will not only be thoroughly practical bt will spring up overnight. The speaker his proph: . travel is in its in- fancy, even in Europe, where it his reached a high degree of favor and safety. The Paris-London hop rakes but a little more than two hours, und is probably the pleasantest means of making the crosschannel trip. Eu ropeans think no of traveling through the air on this well estab- lished run x)mr”\merh-a do of a rail trip from WasMhgton to Philadelphia. So the time is not far off when Americans, whom time means much, will embrace this new and mod- ern method of transportation for bu ness purposes. There is a great future in commercial aviation. When ths idea is “sold” to the American public aeriul lines will multiply with credible speed and a new ¢ dawn for fast travel e N Simple Puzzle Needed. There’ seems to no the cross-word puzzle craze, although there are some husbands who recently have been allowed to read the evening news 1 he com Ex probably correct in Ai more in a will he end to wife who would like to know a five-let ter word meaning “soup.” From Buda- pest it is reported that one Julius Antal, a waiter, became o enraged at his failure to solve one of the pesky puzzles that he suleld-, The dispatch says that the police then: selves have been the puzzle and have summoned cross-word experts from all of Austria lest they, in despair, their lives. This is 4 terrible situation the fervent hope that the “craze’ not reach such proportions in America American husbands at times, no douin have cherished deadly intentions toward their better halves when asked to aid in working out one of the pur hut record where these impulses have heen carried out. It is certainly up to the puzzle makers to them 1 no suicides or committed unable 1o solve sections tuke nd it is 7le: S0 far there are no cases on constroet in such a way homi cides take place in this conntry = - N One of the complaints of the farmer is that he has not heen makinz money enouzh practical tion. o henefit enable him the th enjoy tax 1 from reduc ) P N.J. oat least il the coul strike was over before bring ing up doubt as to whether the world is to enjoy the warmth and comfort of woolen ic waited arments - = has operations Ponzi 1 financial for without being obliged 1o use a jall a< a business office. S 1 nag to conduct some thne An occasional flurry must result the values are as a rule either in Wall Street that real zreater from tact or than actnal values — et The fact that Woodrow Wilson fided thoroughly in few, if any. makes it a difficult matter to write an entirely convineing biography ot China desires membership League of Natfons, work the 1 terpreters less men in the This means more and in for nslators ———— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Supererogation. Mose those wrote, He said enough to last The moralists who love to quote Through all the ages vast. When commandments Yet on the newsstands we nhserve urprised both day and nizht The words of folks who have the nerve To write and write and write! Beginning. “What induced you first to run for office? 1 didn’t need any inducement.” an swered Senator Sorghum. “1 was glad »f the chance. Jud Tunkins say iot 1= a man who can forzet his own interests and a politician is 4 man who can't. No Composure. “Does the gentleman at compose music?” “Compose Cayenne the piano music?” echoed Miss “No. he only agitates it. Turn Ahout. The knock-kneed “‘Charleston the gaze, . With all its wild and rhythmic wa Now, let's invent another dance And give bow-legzed girls a chance. holds “De banjo.” said Uncle Eben. “has | turned ont he one o' dem unde. veloped resources. We used to play it jes’ o' fun an’ now folks ia makin' a livin’ out of {L* to | permanent papers without interruptions from the | own In the old days at Atlantle City there were many little shops along the Boardwalk where auctions were held frequently. Maybe they are there | vet. “Auction Sale This Day" was the sign, along with the usual red flag. Whether the flag was there to warn passershy to “beware.” or merely as the ancient herald of the auctioneer, I must remain in doubt. ‘ It was a fact, however, that thou- sands of persons got a “kick” out of buying Chinese vases and jars in this manner. Many of them. no doubt, paid fancy prices, under the impre: sion that they were getting bargains. An auction allows one to have the happy feeling that he is going to get something for nothing, which, despite the often-uttered maxim that it can- not be done, thousands steadfastly re- « 10 believe. he latest thing in auctions: i the sale, under the red bhanner. of radio sets and accessories. Recently a radio store went bankrupl, and the auc- { tioneer took charge. This was the sule attended by Mary Roque, when a memorable passage at arms ook place between her and Ann Todd. Miss Todd had a way about her that Mary did not like. | To he quite frank about it, Mary | thoroughly detested Ann. There was nothing that Annie could do or say that pleased Mary, bright-eved Mary. Mary sometimes wondered just why this was so. Ann Todd came of a good family, was passablv pretty and almost intelligent. There was no apparent | reason why Mary Roque should not like her, hut the fact remained that she did not. There is no explaining | these antipathies. They heip the world g0 round, however. * ok o w The store was crowded to the doors. Mary sauntered by indifferently enough, but the throng attracted her, despite her hest intentions of passing. A crowd contains more human nature, | per square foot. that any other or- #mization in the world. Mary sidled up to the door, peering in over the shoulders of men in gray overcoats, black overcoats, brown overcoats. One woman was across the room. which was completely filled. The radio “fans.” intent on getting something for nothing, surged back and forth, examining the sets. efc., ar- ranged around the walls on tables. Mary inserted a dainty shoulder, and wedged herself through the door, Once inside, the going was better, and she had no difficulty in getting across the shop to a set that took her fancy. It was a Whoopadyne, a three.tube set that Mary had alwavs fancled, partly on account of its pretty cabi net. Mary knew perfectly well that “heauty is as beanty does” in radio, but still that cabinet fascinated her. It was in two tones of walnut. a really pretty piece of cabinetmaking. If she could pick up the set for a song it might not be a had purchase. She furned one of the condenser dials and found it loose. The dial turned in her hand, but the plates of the condenser did not budge. “It’s broken.” said Mary ; can_fighten that up with a screwdriver,” declared a_small, gray moustached man, standing hardby | Mary immediately recognized him as [a fellow “fan.”" She pretended much | | | ignorance of radio, in a wav she had. | who | with | Roque. old fellow, “That is nothing | See that little hole? Well | screwdriver in there. and give turn. and that dinl will e ax| 1as new said the enthusiasm. Ve | much {at all | put | Ann {shrilled Ann Todd. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. “Is this a good sel asked a young: man wearing eveglasses. “I think it is about the best three- tube set on the market,” remarked Mary, with the ready comradeship of one radio “fan" talking to another. ot at all, not at all,” said the old man, evidently much put out. “This set can't hold a candle (o the three- tube Bloopadyne. The voung man looked confused. “Why,” sald Mary, gently, "I like this Whoopadyne set the best. “And 1."” said the old man, helliger- ently, “like this Bloopadyne the best. 1 got one, and I get everything, every- thing, on it had two but I sold the second one,” he went on, and he produced a bill of sale, as proof positive, Mary allowed a gentle sneer to curl her mouth. as silent rebuttal of the praise of the Rloopadyne. It was much as if she had said, “Really, my dear sir, how any one can prefer the Bloopadyne to the Whoopadyne is much beyond me, but if vou do, of course, there is nothimg more to be said, The pale Blasses ever. “If you don’t know anvthing about radio,” Mary advised him, “vou had better go away from here and not take a chance on any of this stuff.” * ox % % ing man behind the eye- looked more confused than The sale began. Mary exchanged a smile with Ann Todd, whom she recognized in the only other woman in the room. “Now what Is she doing here?" she asked herself. She soon found out, for the very first set put up for sale was the three-tube Whoopadyne, the set in the fancy cabiner. “What am Woopady ne asked his volee vibrant ‘ model, zents. three socket suspended, all provements— “Five dollars.” chirped up Ann Todd. “Five dollars 1| m bid, five dollars I am hid, T am bid five dollars, ladies and genfleman, for this Woopadyne three-tube set—Who'll make it ten. who'll make it te Who will make it ten dollars, ladies and gentle- men—-"" “Ten, room. “Ten dollars | am bid, ten dollurs | am bid, ten dollars | am bid, who'll make It fifteen—— “Fifteen." called Ann dd. “I am bid fifteen dollar I am bid fifteen dollars.”” triumphed the au tioneer. “Twent) = “Twenty dollars,” mildly Mary Roque. *Ah. | am bid twenty di and gentlemen, twenty do beautiful Whoopadyne “Twenty-five.” snapped Ann hdd, Thirt broke in Mary. quickly This was the tail price of the set she knew—but she also knew Ann Todd. Ann was not the sirl to think of that when she wanted to beat Mary “1 am offered thirty dollar: fairly exuded the auctioneer n're offered thirty-five dollars.” hid for this heautiful the anctioneer, his is the latest tnbes, detector the latest im- suid Mar from across the interjected lars, ladies ars for this “Forty.” Mary said. wondered how high she dared he whole room of men was watching the battle between the two ladies “Forty-five.” cried Ann. When there came no additional bid the auctioneer knocked the set down to Ann Todd. smiled triumphantly on Mary She “Where 1 inquired sweetly, I am going down bhuy @ new ane for crinned Mary u going, Mary?" the street and thirty dollars,” ‘Derrnantrl 7 That Fe;i;;ral Hand—_ Be Kept Away From Schools Tneompromisine. country-wide op position to Federal interference with | the Chicago ‘Tribune “the endency of bureaueracy is to produce Asserts ! achools is disclosed in comment on the |a subservient or dependent ecitizen- | indorsement by 4 convention of edi. At Washinzton of lezislation pr | posing a depariment of education with a cabinet officer its head. The New York World thus epitomizes the opinion reflected in most of the news: papers: | “"We have extended | power enough. Let us the schoolroom ™ “The people showed tood the matter | vights such cases.” declares the | AKron Beacon Journal, “when their legislatures, by overwhelming vote, defeated a proposed constitutionsl amendment (o take the control of [ ehiid tabor from the States and hand | 1t over to a bureaucracy at Wash | ington. There are some things for | which the people of this republic simply will not stand, and tinkering | with the public school system is one of them.” The Charleston Daily Mail | adds that “creating a national bu reaucracy to assume dictatorial pow in matters that primarily belong {1 the States and to private indi- | viduals is 4 species of centralization that i< Adangerous in the extreme.” P To the Lincoln Star “it s havdly | helievable the people will wish an other Federal department upon them- selves, to be constantly interfering with the local manazement of school affairs: once Federal authority fs ex panded, there i€ no curbing it.” “Isducation is a local function,” the Chicago Daily News insists, “and it <hould he vital, dynamie, progressive. | Where educational conditions are un satisfactory the remedy should he ap- plied by enlightened and public <pirited local forces.” In the opinion of the Syracuse Herald, the States would not “look with favor on the idea. even of advisory supervision from Washington over their highly organized educational efforts.” The | New York World expresses its judg ment in similar terms, siating that “there are things which the Federal Government can supervise better than the States, but education is not one of them.” and “every problem. from the problem of finance to the problem f etrrienium, is a_local problem, one where would only be Federal interference.” The World conclidles: “We have extended the | Federal power enough. Tet us draw { the Tine a1 the schoolroom. ok v o tore o | at | Federal the line the draw where they home-rule | | = in o’ in Federal assistanc “T'he proponents of sducational cen tralization have found here and there | some =ound hases for encouragement. according 1o the Fort Wayne News. Nentinel. “Still the fact remains that where there mayv be found strong ition to the project—and the op- | position comes, for the most part. from patrons of the public schools. A sreat school machine might easily be built up at Washington, working for a program of standardization and weakening local control of school pol- jey.” And the Butte Daily Post re- marks that “by this time the country has thoroughly learned—contrary to what used fo be the prevailing theory—that the Federal Government does not do such things better than they are doge by the State.” 1t is conceded by the Kalamazoo Ga- sette that the measure before Con- cress “does not contemplate the na. tionalization of the public schools.” but the Gazette suggests that ‘in this age of centralized bureaucracy there ic a good reason to fear that it may serve as an opening wedge to that very thing.” ¥k % % Declaring local self-government I= | aspirations, | | | | ‘\hulv‘ ‘The Baltimore Sun protests uwainst “clamping down upon mil of children a bureaucratic repressive and oppressive in its upon local heritages, local local enterpri local zenius,” The Yakima Morning Herald vs “hureaucracy kills instead of «timulating and ene-gizing initla- tive." The Winston-Salem Journal advises, “Let us make haste slowly,” and says that opponents of the bill fear “intedectual slavery.” The Canton Daily News thus sum- marizes the opposition: *Progress of education and the Nation’s welfare demand that there shall be no inter- ference by the Fede fovegenment with the rights of States and com. munities to formulate their own pel- icies.” As to the need of local self overnment the Louisville Courier Journal asks:! “Is it conceivable thal the fathers and mothers in America, in Kentucky. tn any State, will con- sider surrendering a local control that gives them, as now. a voice in their schools?” "The further conclusion that is drawn by the Buffalo Evening News is that “under present condi tions the plan must he rezarded as decidedly un American.” * x ok The objection that the measure “will put education into politics, whether designed to do so or not.” is ralsed by the Portland Evening Ex Tions tem wflect | press. while the Oklahoma City Daily Oklahoman argues: ) here is not a single department of Government fo. day that fails to covet more power and more money to spend. A depart- ment of educaflon would be no ex- ception. 1t would know no rest until 1t should have brought all the schools of the Nautlon under its power and control. And it would be to the in- terest of Congressmen to grant these extensions of authority, since it would be a recruiting project for the Con- gressman’s personal machine.” Fur- thermore, according to the Saginaw News-Couris the heads of the new department, if it is created. will ag- suredly he selected hy politicians, while the seloction will he governed largely by political considerations.” * ok % X ('oming to the defense of the meas. ure against overwhelming sentiment In opposition. the San Antonio Ex- press says: “The act would not ex- tend the Federal Government's au- thority over public education. Tt is 1 purely administrative scheme for srouping and co-ordinating, under cantral control and direction. the va- rious educational and research activ- ities now scattered through different departments or operating independ- ently. It merely involves applying to Government funetions such organiza tion methods as any up-to-date busi- ness would employ.” And the Grand Rapids Press holds that the measure ‘‘deserves public approval if care is taken to avoid the error of last ses- sion’s bill," with a teacher's subsidy fund “to be ladled out Washington's Birthday ly observed by a number of wome organizations, some of the members of which have long since stopped cel brating their own. ——— A Speechless Fea From the South Bend Tribune. Dallas, Tex.. lawyers are to have a banquet without addresses. The N tion awaits the result of this epochal “the groupdwork of the republic,” { experiment. i THE LIBRARY TABLE | By the Booklove l Wild geese which fly over the prairies, northward in the Spring at sowing time and southward in the Autumn, when the earth has vielded its growth, are used as symbols of human aloneness by Martha Ostenso in her novel “Wild Geese.” It Is a first novel, of a young school teacher, born ,in the mountains of Norwa near Bergen, and becoming at the age of 17 a teacher of the children of Icelanders and Indians in the province of Manjtoba. It won the combination $13,500 prize of 1925, offered by Dodd, Mead & Co. and the Famous Players- Lasky Co. 1t was obliged to meet the triple demand of motion picture pro- duction, magazine publication and book publication. The knowing critic judges that it would probably have been less melodramatic in parts if the motion pleture requirement could have heen cut out, but Miss Ostenso in a recent interview says that it was writ- ten without any knowledge of the prize contest and was offered for the contest by her instructor in novel writing at’ Columbia University. The theme, land greed, on the part of a tyrannical old man who sacrifices to his mania all his family and any pos. sible good in himself, inevitably re- calls Sheila Kave-Smith's “Sussex Gorse"—a far greater novel. Caleb Gare in “Wild Geese' Is as ruthless as Reuben Backfield in ‘Sussex Gorse,” but not such a big elemental character. One has the feeling all along that Caleb is really insane and that the family should have him com- mitted. Reuben nearly drives every one else insane, but we know that he himself is always perfectly sane, self- controlled and has counted every cost. * K k¥ Mark Jordan. the illegitimate son of Caleb Gare's wife, Amelia. i« in his lonely nature especially typified by the wild gzeese. He has come (o Oeland to hold a homestead for poor Anton Klovacz. a tuberculous Hungarian, who must zo to a sanitarium for treat ment. Here. as he is living alone in the wretched Klovacz shack. Lind Archer, the pretty district school teacher, first meets him. Both Mark and Lind are city dwellers. here on the northwest prairie only for an in- terlude in lives destined io he passed on a more crowded stage. But even after they have found each other Lind realizes that in his deepest self Mark will always stand “inevitably alone.” * ook Mark at least is able to command the physical privacy which his lonely soul demands. The children of Caleh Gare artin, Ellen, Judith and Charli ave privacy neither for bodies nor souls. Nor have they so-| clability to satisfy their human needs. Supervised work is thelr whole life From 5 in the morning. when Caleh thumps with the broom handle on the |board foor of thelr attic sleeping | chamber, which is the ceiling of his room below, until about § at night, when they tumble exhausted into their hard beds, separated from each other by curtains, their tasks are unending. Caleb strolls about the farmvard, put- tering with broken tools, samples of seeds and cattle medicines. or drives in his cart around the fields, finding fault and urging his children on to harder effort. With his squat, top- heavy figure, his head thrust forward, his pointed gray locks straggling over his forehead and his sardonic smile, he is like one of the gargoyles on the top | of Notre Dame, keeping an evil watch over Paris. Every one of the family is in complete subjection to Caleb, his wife most of all. Their abjectness is hardly sufficiently accounted for. One feels that any of them could easily at any time have defled him and told him to go ahead and do his worst. That worst could not have been as bad as his daily sneering tyranny. To he sure, after Judiths has hurled an #x at her father—and missed him— he has some real hold on her, through his threat to deliver Her to the palice in.the citv.” When Caleb meets tragic retribution—as, of course, he does—no one even pretends to he sorry. Martin builds the new house he has long dreamed of. Judith mar ries her lover and is happy and Amelia orders good coffee from the city (not {the brand kept by Johanneson at YVellow Post) and complacently serves it 10 Mrs, Sanbo when she comes over from the neighborinz farm to call. * ok ok ow A class of literature which seldom. I ever. comes under the eves of reader: | of this column i« described in two re. cent magazine articles. In the New Republic for February 27, Ernest W. Mandeville writes briefly of what he calls “Gutter Literature,” and in the March_Atlantic Monthly Oswald Gar- rison Villard takes as his tit Art, Truth and Magazines. oth write about the same thing, the recent crop of a new tvpe of periodical, open- ly sold on newsstands and circulated by the milllon. “Fresh titles appear almost daily, seeking to outdo one an. | other in obscenity—obscenity which either veils itself hehind an affecta- tion of smug moralizing. or openly and unashamedly appeals to the sex in- stinct at its worst.” One of the critics divides these magazines into several categories—the “true story™ zroup. the “confession” group. the “snapp: | Story" group, the “artis(s and models Zroups and the out-and-out vulgar group, with titles such as “Hot Dog. “'Red Pepper” and the like. Although | the stories in these magazines almost invariably have a sex motive. the pub- lishers ail claim not to he actuated by any mercenary motive. but only hy a | “duty to safeguard our vouth from pitfalls, and more than one of them, | after delightfully portraying the pir. | falls, makes his characters turn fo vir- the and repentance.” Frank Kent of the Baltimore Sun, who has previous. Iy written abont ‘magazines of this class which he found in abundance in small towns all over the. United States last Summer, is quoted as say. Ing that If the spread of this new literature is not cheeked ft will soon be possible to say of this cour “that its people are s literature,” A recent review of “The of Willlam. Jennings Bryn’;\." - self and his wife, Mary Baird Bryan begins: “Willlam J. Bryan wrote 4 number of books, but none of them were anv £00d." The Booklover doms not wish to dispute this statement Whether or not it is “any good."" houw. ever, the “Memoirs” will undoubtadl find manv readers. Are there not all the prohibitionists. all the pacifists all the fundamentalists. as well a« ali the Brvan haters. who will read the hook to find evidence of the smugness and hvpocrisy which they atfribute to RBryan® Mrs. Bryan states that the firat vart of the hook. covering events up to 1912. was written hy Bryan as a rough draft. which she polished The events of his life after 1912 aye narrated by Mrs. Rryan. chiefly from data in her diarv. Bryan's part of the “Memoirs” I full of justifications of hi= own conduet on various occasions, It is to be regretted that he could not Dbefore his death have reached. the period of his Secretarvship of State and have justified his World War rec- ord Memoirs . ANSWERS TO BY FREDERIC Q. When do the cherry Washington bloom?—T. L. .J. A. The single flowering varieties of the cherry trees, which are planted mostly_around the Tidal Basin and West Potomac Park, begin to bloom usually about the middle of April and last about 10 days. The double flower- ing varieties, which are mostly in the East Potomac Park, begin to bloom about the first of May, and last about 10 days. If the weather is very warm and there is an early Spring they coms out much earlier. rees in Q. What per cent of the names in ‘Who's Who are those of people whose fathers were clergymen?—B. E. R. A. According to a survey by the pub- lishers of Who's Who_in 1923, 11.1 per cent of the persons listed in that book were children or grandchildren of min- isters or preachers. Q. Please name the prime ministers of England, France and Germany.—B. GAA A. The prime minister of England is Stanley Baldwin. The prime min- Ister of France is Aristide Briand, and the chancellor of Germany ix Dr. Hans Luther. Q. What is the difference between a prune and a plum?—J. N, A. A prune is simply a plum which dries sweet without removing the pit. In most varieties of plums there oc- ecurs a fermentation around the pit in the process of drving. Varieties of plums or pruges that dry without fer- mentation are. California Bene, Agen, Clyman, Diamond, Golden Drop, Giant, Imperial. Epinense. Pond, Sugar, I'ragedy and Yellow Fgs. Q. Can gum logs be floated down stream to market”—L. G A. The Forest Service savs (hat or dinarily gum does not float. In trans. porting gum logs by floating, very heavy loss of sinkers prevails. Gum logs may be floated by tving each Tog to a pine log: however, this would not he a very satisfactory or economi- ‘al plan. Q. Does the heating of buildings in cities in the Winter time raise the outdoor temperature?—F. L. C. A. The Weather Bureau says that it is believed that the average tem- perature of a large city is increased by 1 degree Fahrenheit to possibly 4 degrees Fahrenhelt by the burning of fuel, especially during the stillest and coldest weather. Thix condition lasts as long as the fuel is being burned in considerable amount Q conducting Is Luther Burbank any experiments at present? A. It i= said that he now hax more than 3,000 extension experiments nn- der way, and he is mow growin more than 5.000 distinet botany speci mens from all parts of the world. te of descent of Troy and is the 1 River hetween New York City?—W. E. M A. In the 145 miles down from oy there is only a fall of five feet in the river. In fact, the river here occupies a drowned valley. Q. What the Hudson BY PAUL | Americans have heard much of | freedom and equity under a “‘govern ment of the people. by the people and for the people.” That ideal has long been contrasted with the supposed Autocracy of @ “Prussianized mon- archy.” Even before the ideal had ever been fully realized in “the land of the free and the home of the brave™ it was actually consummated in_the former empire of the FHohen- zollerns, through a direct referendum on a momentous question involving hundreds of millions of dollars. The question of disposition of the “private” property of the late Kaiser Wilhelm has long vexed the states- men of the German'republic. Should it be confiscated. as the Communists demanded? Should it be taken or by the government in consideratfon o # reasonable annuity to the royal fam ily? Should it be turned over to \\il’ helm and the other royil claimants It amounts, approximately. to a quar ter of a billion dollars, although even legal experts have not definitely de- termined all titles as to whether this castle or thai estate shall be counted as “private’ or government property P ‘The referendum has been practiced | in Switzerland since the fourteenth century. Switzerland is so .flnmll_lll ¢making functions can easily | I}.‘:pllu‘:\':‘llklughflnd by individual eitf zens—a democracy purely, rather than a republic. ) ; In America it was first practiced by Massachusetts in 1778, in the submis- sion of the proposed constitution to a popular vote, resulting in a vote t call a convention—a representative repubiican form rather than a demo- cratic referendum. Subsequent use of the direct vote of the people wax made in considering other colonial constitutions and states. In 1890 the chain was broken when Mississippi framed a mew constitution without submitting its adoption to the vote of the people. The v!pf(-remlnm has heen a dream of farmers and certain progressive voters of the United States—aor rather of individual States—since the he. ginning of the mers’ Alliance in the 70s, and especially by the Popu lists in 1890. It was one of the out- standing issues in the Roosevelt-P'ro- gressive campaign of 191 It has been adopted with slight modifications in the State governments of the Da- | kotas, Oregon, Utah, Mississippi and Montana, but has never been put into practice upon major issues in those States. As to our Federal Govern ment, it has never been seriously ad- vanced. Several times statutes—not constl tutional amendments—have been sub- mitted for approval of the popular vote in our States—as In the case of New York in 1849, when the Legis Jature established free public schools, | conditional upon a vote of the people. County referendum has= long bheen familiar in connection with State leg- islation on prohibition, prior to the | eighteenth amendment of the Federal Constitution. It has remained. however, for Ger many. under the republic, to make first introduction of the principle in a federal constitution. For the first time in history that principle is to be applied by millions of citizens in passing upon the most vital question which has effected their former au tocratic rulers, the Hohenzollern dynasty. P The constitution of the German re- ublic provides as follows: P Fficls 73. A law enacted by the National Assembly shall be referred to the people before its promulgation If the national president so orders. * ok ok w Clemence Dane, who is really Wini. fred Ashton, an Englishwoman, has added a new play to her list—"Na both’s Vineyard: a Stage Piece.” Lik some famous old plays. notably Peele's "David and Bethsabe,” this is an Old Testament play. The plot shows the love of Queen Jezebel. wife of King Ahab. for Jehu. lord of the captains nf the host. and how she attempts to force Naboth to sell his vineyard to the king. Clemence Dane is the au thor of the two plave. staged in New York, “A Bill of Divorcement” and “Will Shakespeare.” as well ax of sev. eral novels, the best of which Is “Regi ment of Women."” i A law whose promulgation is or- dered at the demand of at least one- third of the National Assembly shall be submitted to the people, if one- twentieth of the qualified voters so petition. A, popular vote shall further ba re- sorted to on a measure initiated by the people if one-tenth of the gualified voters #o petition. A fully elaborated hill must accompany such petition. The national cabinet shall lay the QUESTIONS ; J.‘mskm Q. What was Bryan's favorite stanza of poetry?—G. T. K. A. “He who from zone to zone guides thro’ the boundless sky thy certain flight, in the long way that I must tread alone will lead my steps aright” (W. C. Bryant). Q. How are the round B-B shot.for air rifles made?—C. K. A. B-B shot have been generally made by dropping molten lead or an alloy through sieves from a high tower into water, but by a recent process they are molded, the hot metal being run into a trough and dropped through liftle holes into molds which discard the shot as soon as formed and drop them into a bed of graphite. Q. Who "was t ecuted by eleetric New York?—E. N. . A. The warden of Sing Sing say that the first woman to be executed in that institution by electricity was Mrs. Martha Place, on March 20, 1899. However, Mrs. Farmer was the first woman executed in the State by electricity. The execution was at Av- burn prison, Auburn, N. Y. first in woman ex v the State of Q. When did the cubit cease to he a unit of measure?—J. L. A. The cubit was superseded modern forms of measurement be cause it was extremely cumbersoms and it varied in different countriesx From the earliest civilized times of Babylon and Ezvpt until after the middle ages in Europe there was it tle progress in arithmetic, notation and computation, until the Arable numerals were introduced in the Af teenth century. No real progress was made until the heginning of the sev- enteenth contury. when Napier intro duced logarithms and Rriggs intro dueed the decimal notation for frac tions. Until that time most persans adhered to the natation of the an cients. In 1793 La Grange, presiaen: of the Commission for Reforms ef Weights and Measures. in Paris, pro nosed the decimal svetem which Ted to the introduction of the present metrical system now in use in Surowe and the absolute departure from an clent tradition. by Q. Did the Indlans practee any acrabatics before the white man came —such as somersaults and hand springs?—R. H. N. A. The Bureau of American Fthne ogy savs that while instances of acro. batic practice are known since the coming of white man, it has no know | edge of such practice be! the com- ing of the white man Frederic J. Haskin The Evening Star to handle the quiries of our readers. and you nvited to call upon him as freely and as often as you please. Ask anything that is a matter of fact and the au thority il he quoted you. There ix no charge for this service. Ask what pow want, sign pour wame and ad dress and inclose 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Address The Evening Star Information BRurcaw Frederic . Maskin, director, Wash- ington. D. € is employed by are BACKGROUND OF EVENTS . COLLINS, A popular vote mav be taken on the budget. tax laws and laws relating to the classification and payment of public officers, only by authority of the national president The procedure in connection with the popular referendum and Initiative will be regulated by national law Article 74 provides that the National Council may veto any law passed by the National Assembiy, whereupon it may be reconsidered by the assembly within three months, and If not again passed. shall he submitted to & popular vote. If the National Assembly dis approves the veto of the counell hy & two-thirds vote, the law eristnaily passed by the assembly. will promulgated without referendum the peopl Article the National provides that “an act of Assembly may he nulied by a popular vote, anly majority of those qualified take part in the vote.” (If that last hmsation the United States, what would ever he article since never do one-half of our qualified voters o an it a o vete appdes N valne | 'he present referendum in Germany under the provision of the thirl paragraph of article covering | measure not submitted to the peopis by the assembly. but Initiated by the people themselves. There are about 40,000,000 qualitied voters in Germany men nd women -hence, before the question can he finally submitted for popular declsion. 4,000,000 must register in favor of that submission Under the statute, the proposal for |a referendum test must be made over 1.000 signatures. That has been ac complished, and the rezistéring of the 4.000.000 is now in process, to he com eted on March 17 There acems 10 he no question as 1o met the necessary 1.000.000. for (o there are 2.000.000 wage earners in German out of employment—the nuinher has doybled since January 1 These idle hungry. desperate workers ‘ank with no favor upon their own sufferings and the privations of the fasses he canuse of the Kaiser World and see no reason for turning the hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of wealth to the family whose ambi tlon plunged Germany to ruin While ahsolute confiscation has heen advocated only b the Com munists, the other parties, leas radi- cal—the Democrats, the Social Demo- crats and the Left Center—are ready to support a compromise granting a settlement for the disputed property. They oppose action under existing laws. not through the cour: afavor lezislative compromtse *x ok ¥ jermany is now suffering finar Iy as she has not suffered since the outbreak of the war. She has pass ed throuzh her intoxicatlon ot fin flation, under which all husiness hoomed. The standardization of har monev upon a gold basis puncturad the bubble inflation. and last Fall business panic came with hankriptey widespread. While the return .o sound money, forced by the Dawas plan. brouzht a sohering tn hisinese that condition of retrenchment had hecome unavoidahle—in fact. it foreea the acceptance of the Dawes plan. Wages in Germany at no time have heen as high as in compeu countries, yet German producers have found it impossible to maintain an export market, because the exces sive organization of their enterprises had so increased “verhead" that the ultimate costs more than covered the advantage of the lower wages of the producers. During the war and subsequent in flation of money the old-time con servative offices of business gave place to ultramodern pretense of wealth. Now, bankruptcies have brought a return of the humbler of fices, yet unemployment by the mil lion has raced forward in the last two months. Prior to January there were thousands upon part-time sched ules: today they are added to the wholly unemploved. Unlike England. no industries in Germany are sub b hill. together with ' statement. be- fore the National Aszsembly. The populir vote does not take place the desired hill is enacted without amendment by the National As sembly. if | sidized, but the doles for the idle are alarming in their zrowth. These are {conditions which will control the vore on donating property (o the Hohen- zollerne, (Copyright, 1926, by Paul V. Colllns.)